Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking (练案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第三册同步学习指导(人教版2019)

练案[13] UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Section I Reading and Thinking 一、语言基础训练 I5. If your paycheck seems to be disappearing into thin air, you may I.单词拼写 (stick) in money traps. 6. We have resolved on (热情的) 1. You don't sound very (make)an about the idea. early start. 7. Please turn (味苦的) 2. Black coffee leaves a the police for help taste in the mouth. when you are in danger. 3. Both movies are about a monster in the bedroom 8. People who reach out to strangers feel a greater sense of (壁). (belong). 4. Gradually he began to acknowledge his feelings of 9. If you want to apply for that job, you need to prove in your resume that you (羡慕) towards his friend (qualify)for 5. My heart (下沉)when I saw how that position. much work there was left. 10. He spoke rather too quickly for me (布置)usalot 6. The math teacher (understand). of homework. III.短语填空 7. She felt she was needed and decided to make it, be stuck in, dream of, set off, from bad to _(舍弃) her plan of studying abroad worse, keep up, turn down, after all 8. Millennials were told that if you did well in school. 1.1 the offer because it would mean got a (正派的)degree,you would frequent business trips away from my family be set up for life. 2. Nowadays many young people 9.She (决定) to report the mater to making a fortune in big cities. the hospital's nursing manager. 3. In many places, people like to 10. It may prevent people from developing a firecrackers and put up spring couplets on the door. (真正的)sense of community. 4. Due to his failure in business, his temper is going II.单句语法填空 these days. 1. They will (bitter) regret what they 5. I don't become a serious climber until the fifth grade. have done for ever more. when I went up to rescue a kite that 2. The captain assigned two soldiers the branches of a tree. (guard) the gate. 6. Faced with challenges, you'd better 3. Previously he was obviously (envy) a good state of mind of my success. 7. I don't know why you are so concerned-it isn't you 4. After undergoing the stress of tough competition. problem school athletes grew in strength and 8. I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the (endure). mountain, but he at last. -203- 二、培优提升训练 would die. But then there is that gap in between life and I.阅读理解 death. The right side means a time and space full of (2024·深圳市高三调研) limitless possibilities, and endless opportunities into the I used to believe that only words could catch the open future. essence of the human soul. The literary works contained So that's what life is. Objective but imaginative. such distinct stories that they shaped the way we saw the Unchangeable but limitless. Life is an equation with two world. Words were what composed the questions we sides that balances itsef out. Still, we can't ever truly sought to uncover and the answers to those questions seem to put the perfect words to it. So possibly number themselves. Words were everything can express ideas as equally well as words can. For That belief changed now, let's leave it at that: 1= 0. 9oo99... and live a In an ordinary math class, my teacher posed a life like it. simple question: What's 0. 99 rounded to the nearest 1. What does the author emphasize about words in whole number? Easy, When rounded to the nearest paragraph 1? whole number, 0. 99 = 1. Somehow, I thought even A. Their wide variety. though 0. 99 is only 0. 01 away from 1, there's still a B. Their literary origins. 0. O1 difference. That means even if two things are only C. Their distinct sounds. a little different, they are still different, so doesn't tha D. Their expressive power. make them completely different? 2. What made the author find the equation fascinating? My teacher answered my question by presenting another equation(等式):1=0.9. which could also be A. The repetition of a number. expressed as 1 =0. 9999... repeating itself without B. The way two different numbers are equal. ever ending. C. The question the teacher raised. There was something mysterious but fascinating D. The difference between the two numbers. about the equation. The left side was unchangeable. 3. which of the following can replace the underlined objective : it eontained a number that ended. On the right word“paralleled" in paragraph 6? A.Measured. was something endless, number repeating itself limitless B. Composed. C. Mirrored. times. Yet. somehow, these two opposed things were D. Influenced. connected by an equal sign. 4. What is a suitable title for the text? Lying in bed, I thought about how much the A. The Perfect Equation equation paralleled our existence. The left side of the B. Numbers Build Equations equation represents that sometimes life itself is so C. An Attraetive Ouestion unchangeable and so clear. The concrete. whole number D. Words Outperform Number of the day when you were born and the day when you II.七选五 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 (2024·浙江省北斗星盟高三适应性考试) We all lose motivation from time to time. We're human beings, not machines, and we don't always possess the steam we need to keep going. 1. From getting rid of distractions, reminding yourself of your goals, to taking a well-deserved break to recharge your batteries, this article will explore tips to help you restore your drive. -204一 Before devoting time to any specific endeavor(努力), make sure you know exactly what you're setting out to do-and when you hope to accomplish it. Apart from setting achievable targets, you should also establish regular checkpoints to track your progress. If you are falling behind with your goals, it may be the kick start you need to help get you back on track. Give yourself breaks. Sometimes, even the most determined people get overwhelmed. You may be burning yourself out, and a much-needed break might be just what you need to help you achieve your goal. If it's at school. for example, don't try to do all your work in one sitting, but stretch it out over the course of the day. 3. Don't be too hard on yourself. Everyone falls short sometimes. If you fail to meet your goals for the week, take it as a lesson. Try to complete your next target before time, so that you can use the saved time to complete the delaved work.4. Don't dwell on failure: just accept it, and continue working towards your goals Surround vourself with positive people. Developing a network of supportive and inspiring friends and mentor can make it a lot easier to stay motivated and achieve your goals. Reach out to classmates in your field or your favorite professors or bosses for advice and professional support-and make a point to stay in touch. 5. A. Develop a schedule of "checkpoint" goals. B. Set manageable goals with realistic deadlines. C. Thankfully, there are ways to help you feel motivated again. D. If you're excelling in your progress, you'll feel more motivated E. This way, you'll stay right on schedule even if you have taken a hit. F. They'll be able to offer wisdom, encouragement, and even opportunities. G. If it's a fitness goal, take a four-day rest instead of a normal two-day one III.语法填空 阅读短文内容,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2024·浙江1月卷) The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However. if you're shopping for one, buying extra 1. (benefit) from price reductions doesn't make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 2. you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities-they price goods in the way 3. will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that's 4. they'll promote. But that leaves the solo(单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing "buy one get one free" promotions because of the 5. (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items, However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages. it would help even more if they could sometimes 6. (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want to eat them every day. If vour supermarket sells loose produce, then buving smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two vears, some supermarkets7. ( start) selling chicken or salad in packs 8. (design) with two halves containing separate portions(份). Then, when you use one section, 9. other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 10. ( one) may yet come out with a whole range of "just for you" pack sizes with special offers as well. -205一动。find oneself...是一个固定用法,意即"发现自已处在某种 II.1. turmed down 2. dream of 3. set off 4. from bad to worse 状态;不知不觉的.....”。故选B。 10.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. share分享;B.trade 二、 5. was stuck in 6. keep up 7. after all 8. made it 贸易,交易;C.discuss讨论;D.elarify澄清。根据下文“with 1.语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是作者在数学课上 each other that they need”可知,这里指互换以至不浪费。故 学了一个等式后的一些感悟。 选B。 1.D 推理判断题。根据第一段内容(我曾经相信,只有语言才 11.D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们尽可能的少用,还从亲 能捕捉到人类灵魂的本质。文学作品包含了如此独特的故 戚朋友那里接手了一些玩具和婴儿用品。A.necessary必要 事,它们塑造了我们看待世界的方式。文字构成了我们试图 的;B. valuable有价值的;C. ordinary普通的;D. possible可能 揭示的问题,以及这些问题本身的答案。)可推知,在第一段作 的。根据上文”minimum”可知,劳拉是尽可能的少用。句中 者主要强调了语言的表达力量,故选D。 minimum是动词use的宾语,而possible是其后置定语 2. B 推理判断题。根据第五段“The left side was unchangeable. possible的意思是“(尽)可能的(最少量的)”。故选D 12.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我们真的需要购买任何 objective: it contained a number that ended. On the right was 东西,首先我们会在二手市场尝试。A.purchase购买;B. something endless. number repeating itself limitless times. Yet. discover 发现;C. approach接近;D. preserve保存。根据下文 somehow, these two opposed things were connected by an equal “first we tried at the 13. market"可知,去市场是要购买 sign.(左边是不变的、客观的:里面有一个结束的数字。右边 一些东西。这是与上文一物多次利用和与他人交换使用相 是无穷无尽的东西,数字无限重复。然而,不知怎么的,这两 对应的行为,即:不得不购买时。故选A. 个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了。)”可知,作者觉得这个 13.C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.far-away遥远的; 等式很迷人,因为数字虽然不同,但是却被等号连接起来了 B. duty-free免税的;C. second-hand二手的;D. life-long终身 由此推知,让作者觉得这个等式迷人的是两个不同的数相等 的。根据上文“Laura has also9. herself in a community of 的方式。故选B。 friends who 10. items with each other that they need. like 3. C 词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“The left side of the equation furniture or plates."和"We tried to use the 11. and take represents that sometimes life itself is so unchangeable and so over some toys and baby equipment from friends and relatives." clear. The concrete, whole number of the day when you were bom 可知,劳拉是很节俭的人,所以为了节省,去二手市场当然更 and the day when you would die. But then there is that gap in 符合情理。故选C。 between life anddeath.(等式的左边表示有时候生命本身是如 14.B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:为了更好地教育孩子,劳拉带 此的不可改变,如此的清晰。你出生的日期和你死亡的日期 他们去森林里散步,在那里他们一边走一边捡垃圾。A.pull 的是具体的整数。但是生与死之间有一段距离。)”可知,作 out驶出.摆脱困境;B. pick up捡起;C. holdback控制,抑制; 者躺在床上思考的是这个等式与我们的存在是多么相似,画 D. keep off 不靠近,远离。根据上文“To help educate her 线词paralleled的意思是“与......十分相似”,和mirrored意思 kids, Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest"可知. 相近,故选C. 劳拉他们这样做是为了教育孩子们,所以应该是在森林里捡4.A 标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是第四段(我的老师给出了 垃圾。故选B 另一个等式:1=0.9.也可以表示为1=0.99999.....不断重 15.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们喜欢这项活动,因为他们 复,没有尽头。)和第五段(这个等式神秘而迷人。左边是不变 知道这对环境更好。A. activity活动;B. idea想法;C. theme 的、客观的:里面有一个结束的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东 主题;D. jungle从林。根据上文“To help educate her kids. 西,数字无限重复。然而,不知怎么的,这两个相反的东西被 Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they 一个等号连接起来了。)可知,本文主要讲的是作者在数学课 14. mbbish as they go.”可知,这里指的是劳拉带他们去 上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。由此可知,最恰当的标题是 森林里散步并一起捡垃圾这个活动。故选A. IV.参考范文: A项(完美的等式)。故选A。 II.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了当人们生活中失 The giant panda is a rare animal in China, and also one of the rare animals in the world. 去动力时,重新获得动力的方法 The giant panda lives in the mountains, which feeds on bamboo 1.C 根据前文是讲我们并不总是拥有继续前进所需的动力,后 shoots. With forests being destroyed and bamboos cut down, it's 文提到恢复动力的方法,所以设空处应是过渡句,C项(值得 difficult for giant pandas to find food for themselves. To protect 庆幸的是,有一些方法可以帮助你重新获得动力。)符合文意 pandas, China has set up some nature reserves, but more money is 承接上文,引出下文。故选C needed to carry out this important rescue project. 2.B 设空位于段首,是本段的中心句,根据后文“Before We hope that people will lend a helping hand to save giant devoting time to any specific endeavor (努力),make sure you nandas. know exactly what you're setting out to do-and when you hope to 练案[13] aceompishi1.(在投人时间做任何具体的努力之前,确保你确 切地知道你要做什么--以及你希望什么时候完成它)”可 _ 知,本段主要讲述了做事前,要设立目标以及完成的时间,所 I. 1. enthusiastic 2. bitter 3. eupboard 4. envy 5. sank 以B项(设定可管理的目标和现实的截止日期。)是本段的中 6. assigned 7. abandon 8. decent 9. resolved 10. genuine 心句。故选B。 II.1. bitterly 2. to guard 3. envious 4. endurance 5. be stuck 3.G 本段讲述了偶尔让自已休息一下,后举例说明,所以G项 6. making 7. to 8. belonging 9. are qualified (如果这是一个健身的目标,休息四天而不是正常的两天。)也 10. to understand 是对休息的举例。故选G -259- 4. E 根据前文"Don't be too hard on yourself. Everyone falls short 练案[14] sometimes. If you fail to meet your goals for the week, take it as a lesson. Try to complete your next target before time, so that you can use the saved time to complete the delayed work.(不要对自 I.I. cruel 2. thorough 3. furniture 4. unfortunately 己太苛刻。每个人都有失败的时候。如果你没有达到本周的 5. recreation 6. nephew 7. Corporate 8. guidance 9. damp 目标,把它当作一个教训。尽量提前完成你的下一个目标,这 10. advertise/advertize 样你就可以用节省下来的时间来完成推迟的工作。)”可知,此 II. I. have been looking 2. has been staying/has stayed 处讲述不要太逼迫自己,然后举例如果没有达到本周的目标 3. has been playing 4. has been crying 5. have been waiting 的解决方法,所以E项(这样,即使你受到了打击,你也能按 6. have seen 7. has been studying has studied 8. have been 时完成任务。)是前文方法的结果,符合文意。故选E。 looking 9. has been going 10. Haven't met 5.F 设空位于段尾,是对前文的总结,本段讲述和积极的人在 III. 1. have been contributing 2. have been drinking 3. has been 一起可以激发你的动力,所以F项(他们会给你智慧,鼓励,甚 sleeping 4. has been/is joined 5. has been living 6. has 至机会。)讲述了积极的人能帮助你的方面,是对前文的总结。 been studying 7. has been dead 故选F。 II.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章对商家各式各样的促销 I.语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是网球运动员 手段进行了介绍。 德约科维奇在该项运动中所取得的成就以及成功的原因和未来 的展望。 1.tobenefit考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,如果你是想买一件, I1.C 词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“DefeatingDaniil 那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据“buvingextra' Medvedev in New York on Sunday, Djokovic, one of the greatest 和”fromprice reductions”可知,此处是指多买一件来享受降 tennis player, bagging 24 Grand Slam(大满贯) singles titles(周 价,故用不定式作目的状语。故填tobenefit。 日,德约科维奇在纽约击败了丹尼尔·梅德韦杰夫,这位最伟 2.or 考查固定句式。句意:要么你买的东西太重,搬不回家 大的网球运动员之一,获得了24个大满贯单打冠军)”可知. 要么你买的东西还新鲜,就不能用了。either...or...意为“要 德约科维奇是最伟大的网球运动员之一,获得了24个大满 么...要么....,故填or。 贯,结合下文中的"the record held by Australian Margaret Court. 3. thav/which 考查定语从句。句意:当然,商店不是慈善机 the same number of singles titles in the all-time count(澳大利亚 构一他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主 人玛格丽特·考特保持的记录,在历史上获得单打冠军的次 语,且先行词为way,故填that/which。 数相同)”可知,此处讲述的是德约科维奇大满贯获得的单打 4.what 考查名词性从句。句意:如果他们的大多数客户都乐 冠军的次数与澳大利亚人玛格丽特·考特保持的记录数相 意大量购买,那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语,且是 同,由此可知,画线单词的意思应与“等同于”意义相近。故 指事物,故填what. 选C。 5.criticism 考查名词。句意:许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的 2.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Capturinghisfirst Grand 促销活动,因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据“that Slam in 2oo8. Djokovic bagged half of his 24 major titles after he they leadto waste”可知,此处应用名词eriticism表示“批评”. tumed30.(2008年,德约科维奇获得了他的第一个大满贯,在 作宾语。故填criticism 他30岁之后,他获得了24个大满贯中的一半。)“可知,他在 6.beoffered 考查语态。句意:然而,虽然一包香肠能便宜几美 30多岁时赢得了12个大满贯。故选A 分是件好事,但如果有时能以小包装出售,那就更好了。动词 3.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段(德约科维奇说:“在我的 offer意为“提供”,和主语构成被动关系,主语they代指前文 整个职业生涯中,我学到的最重要的一课可能是,即使你找到 中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be 了一个有效的方案,也不能保证它是有效的,实际上很可能明 offerd. 年它也不会有效,所以我不断地改造自已,总是试图找到更好 7. have started 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的两 的方法来赢得比赛。”)可知,德约科维奇成功的秘诀在于寻 年里,一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装,设计成两半,拆分 找灵活和适当的方案。故选D 成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知,此处应用现在完 4.B 推理判断题。根据尾段可知,德约科维奇将把大满贯作为 成时。动词start意为“开始”,与主语some supermarkets构成 最重要的比赛,希望在那里打出最好的网球,说明他很有雄 心.同时他表示下个赛季保持不变,尽管不知道自已还能打儿 主动关系。故填havestarted. 个赛季,但是他仍旧让人们试目以待,由此可知,他非常地热 8. designed 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。动词design意为“设 衷干网球,是一个有雄心且热衷于网球的人。故选B。 计”,和谓语之间没有连词,和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系 语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者是一名大 且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填 学教授,觉得过于沉浸在理论中,想亲手制作出真正的产品。于 designed. 9. the 考查冠词。句意:然后,当你使用其中一部分时,另一部持了下来,并学到了很多的东西。 是报名了一个晚间课程,遇到了很多的困难,但他鼓励自己,坚 分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一部分”,为固定搭配,故5.D细节理解题。根据第一段中“By'do',I mean something 填the。 material, something done with my hands that produce an actual 10.ones 考查代词。句意:谁知道呢,也许一些更有远见的人 product.(我所说的'做',指的是物质上的东西,用我的手做 可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸,并提供特别优 的东西,生产出真正的产品。)”可知,作为大学教授的作者不 惠。代词one意为“一个人”,在someof后应用复数形式 想要沉浸在理论中,他想亲手制作出真正的产品。这就是他 故填ones。 为什么会报名参加成人晚间课程的原因。故选D。 -260-