Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language(练案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第三册同步学习指导(人教版2019)

练案[10] UNIT3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Section II Learning About Language 一、语言基础训练 5. She said(to me)."I like this book very much." I.单词拼写 →She told me very 1. The water in the (盆) is spilling much. over. but there is no one in the washroom. 6. She said ( to him),"You haven't returned me my 2. She refuses to acknowledge the need for book.” (改革). →She told him that 3. Keeping a (适度的)dietand engaging in regular exercise are beneficial to health. 7. He said,"The film had begun when I got to the 4. She's covering the party's (每年 cinema." 的)conference. →He said that 5. He went into the hospital to (经 历)tests for a pain in his abdomen. 8. I asked the teacher,“When shall we have our sports 6. Only when we realize the importance of helping each meeting?" other can we be devoted to building a →I asked the teacher (和谐的)society. our sports meeting. 7. Make sure vour claims for expenses are 9."Let's go to the country for a picnic," Peter said (提交) by the end of the month to me. 8. Heavy snow has caused total (混 →Peter advised me 乱) on the roads. 9. They encourage boys to be (敏感) 10."Give me a hand, please," she said to the boy. and artistic. →She asked the boy 10. A helicopter landed in a clearing in the dense (丛林). III. 单句语法填空 1. He asked II.将直接引语变成间接引语 could tell the exact time wher 1."Have vou seen the film?" He asked me. the problem would be solved. 2. He asked me if I →He asked me ever been to the seaside. 2. He said to Kate,“How is your sister now?" 3. A tourist explained to a foreigner why the flag →He asked Kate (fly)at half-mast(下半旗). 3. Mr. Smith said."His voice is wonderful." 4. We were told that there __(be) going to be →Mr. Smith said an English corner in the hall at 7 o'clock p. m. 5. He asked when Cambodia's former King 4. He said."My sister wants to go with me." (pass) away. →He said 6. He (tell) his mother that the boy was very naughty. -193- 7. He told us last night that the flight to Shanghai of large and small grassland ecosystems with enormous (take) off at eight tomorrow. biodiversity. All of these unique grasslands are under 8. The headteacher told us that most of the students threat. but not all by tree invasion. The few remaining (be) born in the 1990s grasslands in Arkansas are being converted to grow rice. 9. The child asked his mother the Virginia grasslands are being flattened by housing cold weather had really begun. developers. and low-lving coastal grassy plain is facing 10. A spokesman said the other day that the company sea-level rise. Because grasslands are so easily navigated (say)"sorry" to some underage (导航) and settled, they may be the most threatened (未成年的)workers for hiring them. ecosystems in the world. And it's obvious that everywhere, 二、培优提升训练 grasslands I.阅读理解 remain undervalued. Many conservation organizations A working in the Southeast are still focused on tree (2024·山东省淄博市高二期中) planting and preserving existing forests. The Nature Five years ago, we cut nearly every single tree Conservancy's Cumberland Forest Project covers across 19 acres here, piled and burned the branches 253, o0o acres of land in Kentucky, Tennessee and and left the trunks where they lay. The goal was to Virginia, part of an effort to store carbon and create restore one of the Ozarks' rarest ecosystems, a type of continuous habitats for species migration during climate dry and rocky grassland. change. In fact, recent laws are beginning to lead us in Logging down trees to bring back grass may seem the right direction. puzzling in a time of climate change, as forest 1. Why were the trees cut down in Ozarks? conservation and tree planting have become popular A. To take in more carbon. ways to keep carbon out of the atmosphere. But it is B. To regain its grassland. exactly what we should do in some parts of the C. To create a new ecosystem. Southeast. The climate and biodiversity crises are D. To deal with climate change problems to be solved together. We can't afford to rob 2. What is Paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? biodiversity to pay for the climate. And grasslands are surprisingly good at pulling carbon out of the A. The reasons for grasslands reduction atmosphere. A single sunflower might not be the earbon B. The purpose of cutting down trees. grab that an oak tree is, but grass's deep root systems C. The changes of ecosystems. store the element deep underground. where it can take D. The result of tree invasion. hundreds or thousands of years to return to the 3. What is presented about grasslands in the Southeast? atmosphere. For the past century, the commonly held belief was A. Grasslands are greatly valued that forests once covered most of the region from the B. Carbon can be broken down by grasslands. Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River. But we now C. Forests took up more region than grasslands. know that's not true. Much of the Southeast was a string D. All the grasslands are not threatened by trees. -194- 4. What might the author continue talking about? trap fallen leaves which break down into the soil, adding to the fertility of the soil A. The importance of grasslands As the soil becomes more fertile. different kinds of B. The influence of planting trees. plants start to replace the "pioneering" weeds. Bushes C. The measures of restoring grasslands. move in to take the place by gradually shading them D. The present situation of the Southeast out, followed in turn by trees, which eventually push up B through the bushes. finally shading them out too. Fallen (2024·广东省人大附中深圳学校高三模考) leaves from the bushes and trees carry on the job of Exposed soil isn't part of nature's master plan. building soil fertility that was begun by those very first Good examples where soil is naturally found with no weeds that grew on the bare soil. Then, when one of plants growing in are beneath freshly removed trees, or these mature trees is removed in a storm, leaving a where the ground has been burnt by a land fire. In these wound of bare soil in the earth, the whole process starts situations bare soil isn't bare for long; within days again. seedlings(芽) begin to appear and cover the ground. In 5. When will soil be left bare? a few months' time, the scar is hardly noticeable. A. A land fire has just happened. Unlike these natural examples, ploughed(耕犁) B. A young tree is planted in. fields and freshly dug gardens are obvious examples C. No one ploughs the land. created by man. But, left to nature, even these bare D. No crops are planted in. soils soon turn green with a large number of tiny 6. Which of the following prevents the bare soil from seedlings. In fields, gardens and on grasslands. recovering? roadside and sports fields, along streets and on paths A. Seedlings appearing in gardens. and pavements, we are constantly battling to stop weeds B. Reducing harmful rays of the sun. from growing. All we are doing is stop the recovering C. Removing weeds from pavements. powers of nature. D. Replacing plants in sports fields. Whenever soil is exposed, weeds act like a kind of 7. What can weeds do for the soil? medicine to reduce the potentially harmful ravs of the A. They create soil life sun, so the sooner plant growth covers the soil over B. They help improve the soil again, the better C. They get nutrients from the sun. Weeds also help to improve the fertility(肥沃) of D. They break down fallen leaves the soil. Their roots get the soil together, improving its 8. How can the soil remain fertile after trees move in? structure and creating a more stable environment in which soil life can grow fast. Those weeds with a deep A. By adding more weeds to the soil. root draw up plant nutrients from deeper in the ground B. By taking out the weeds constantly making them available to plants growing near the soil C. By removing the previous bushes. surface. Above ground. the stems(茅) of weeds help D. By making use of the fallen leaves -195- II.完形填空 (2024·山东省淄博市高二期中)1.A.relief B. anxiety C. pride This past summer I set out on a journey to Canada's Arctic D. argument 2. A. put up B. prepare for When I left I was wrapped in a blanket of uncertainty C. give up D. worry about and1. 3. A. easy-going B. well-behaved But when I first met the group members, I knew I didn't C. sensitive D. flexible have anything to 2. . The group was amazingly 3. and I4. A. failure B. performance C. adventure D. conflict was soon part of a big family boarding on an amazing 4.! 5. A. embarrassed B. ashamed Approaching the Arctic, I was repeatedly 5. with its C. amused D. shocked unusual largeness and its beauty. There I flew over vast glaciers 6. A. watching B. organizing (冰河) and stood on the frozen Arctic Ocean, 6. polar C. noticing D. guessing 7. A. painfully bears walk in search of seal holes, and 7. wait for a meal. B. patiently C. unconsciously However, I also learned the pollutants carried by ocean from D. doubtfull 8. A. souree B. reaction far away have a negative 8. on all Arctic inhabitants. And C. effect D. development global warming has put polar bears at 9. because a warmer 过9. A. rest B. ease climate means that they have a shorter time to 10. seals on C. peace D. risk 10.A. hunt the ice. B. explore C. help D. meet During the journey, I talked with some 11. scientists 11. A. demanding B. learned about the ruins of homes once 12. by the ancient Thule C. modest D. rigid people. I made good friends with people from different parts of 112. A. classified B. decorated C. confused world. D. occupied 13. A. promises The Arctic is a land of incredible beauty which 13. to B. benefits C. deserves D. intends be preserved. I've learned why it is so important to 14. it. 14. A. take care of B. make use of This journey has made me more determined to try to 15. C. run out of D. become tired of that I do not leave negative or harmful fooprints on either Earth 15. A. deny B. ensure C. argue or its people D. overlook -196-3.D根据上句“Secondly,find the connection between the root system and the plant's top growth and pull apart the roots gently. 练案[10] (其次，找到根系与植株顶部生长之间的联系，轻轻拉开根 系。)"推知.下文继续陈述如何把根系分开。D项（或者你可I.1.basin2.reform3.oderate4.annual5.ndergo 以用一把锋利的刀把它们切开。)承接上句，内容一致。故 6.hamonious 7.submitted 8.chaos 9.sensitive 10.jungle 选D。 II.1.whether/if I had seen the film 2.how her sister was then 4.C根据上句“All the house plants that spent s1 mmer days 3.that his voice was wonderful 4.that his sister wanted to go outside should be moved to a shady area for a week before going with him 5.that she liked that book 6.he hadn't returned her inside for the winter season..(所有夏季在室外生长的室内植物 her book 7.the film had begun when he got to the cinema 都应该移到阴凉的地方一个星期，然后再移到室内过冬。)” 8.when we should have 9.to go to the country for a pienic with 推知，下文陈述把植物移到室内的原因。C项（这有助于植物 him 10.to give her a hand 适应较低的光照水平。)承接上句。故选C Ill.1.who 2.had 3.flew 4.was 5.had passed 6.told 5.C根据上句“After a week,look for insects on the plant 7.takes 8.were 9.whether/if 10.had said especially under the leaves(一周后，在植物上寻找昆虫，特别 是叶子下面。)”可知，设空处陈述如何寻找叶子上的害虫。G1,语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要就明了奥扎克的树木被 项（用水清洗叶子，以确保没有不速之客，如害虫。）符合题 砍伐以恢复一种草原生态系统，指出气候和生物多样性危机是 意，insects关键词。故达G 需要共同解决的问题 Ⅲ.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青海湖国家级自1.B细节理解题。根据第一段中“The goal was t0 restorene of 然保护区的相吴情况。 the Ozarks'rarest ecosystems,a type of dry and rocky grassland. 1.ts考查代同。句意：据新华社报道，位于中国西北部青海省 (日标是恢复奥扎克最稀有的生态系统之一，一种干燥的岩石 的青海湖国家级自然保护区更新了野生动物保护名录，在之 草原。)”可知，奥扎克的树木被欣伐是为了恢复草原。故 前的72个物种基础上增加了10个物种。根据设空后的名词 选B。 i可知，设空处应填入形容同性的物主代问。故填s。 2.A:主旨大意题。根据第三段中“All of these unique grasslands 2.o考查介词。句意：同上。固定搭配ad.,o.·,意为 are under threat.but not all by tree invasion.The few remaining “给…添加…”。故填o。 grasslands in Arkansas are being converted to grow rice.Virginia 3.includes考查时态。句意：经专家修订的最新名单包括82种 grasslands are being flattened by housing developers,and low- 受保护野生动物。分析句子可知，设空处作谓语。根据句意 lying coastal grassy plain is facing sea-level rise.Because 可知，此处陈述事实，应用一般现在时态，说明最新名单的情 况，主语是he updated list,谓语动i词用第三人称单数。放填 grasslands are s0 easily navigated(导航）and settled,they may inchdes be the most threatened ecosystems in the world.(所有这些独特 的草原都受到威胁，但并非都是树木人侵。阿肯色州仅存的 4.Additiona山y考查副词。句意：此外，国家保护的野生植物已 达12种。分析句子可知，此处应用刷词作状语，修饰整个句 几片草原正被改造成水稻，弗吉尼亚州的草原正被房地产开 发商夷为平地，低注的沿海草原正面临海平面上升的威胁 子。设空处位于句首，做首字母要大写。故填Additionally。 5.evision考查名词。句意：报道称，野生动物名录的修订重点 由于草原是如此容易导航和定居，它们可能是世界上最受威 是对鸟类名录进行优化和调整。根据设空前的定冠词he可 胁的生态系统。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是草地减少的原因。 知，设空处应填入名词，在句中作主语。放填revision。 故选A。 6.d考查连词。句意同上。根据句意可知，此处指“重点是 3.D细节理解题。根据第三段中“Much of the Southeast was a 对鸟类名录进行优化和调整”，故设空处应填连词ad将 string of large and small grassland ecosystems with enormous optimizing和adjusting the bird list并列。故填ad biodiversity.All of these unique grasslands are under threat,but 7.founded考查非谓语动词。句意：青海湖国家级自然保护区 ot all by tree invasion..(东南部的大部分地区是一系列大大小 始建于1975年，位于青藏高原东北部，覆盖了青海湖的整个 小的草原生态系统，生物多样性丰富。所有这些独特的草原 水域以及鸟类繁殖和筑巢的岛屿、海滩和湿地。分析句子可 都受到威胁，但并非都是树木人侵。)”可知，东南地区的草原 知，设空处应填入非谓语动词作状语。被修饰词the Qinghai 呈现的并不是所有的草原都受到树木的威胁。放选D。 Lake National Nature Reserve与found是逻辑上的动宾关系，放4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段“.，part of an effort to store 用过去分词。故填founded。 carbon and create continuous habitats for species migration during 8.covering考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，设 climate change.In fact.recent laws are beginning to lead us in the 空处应填入非谓语动词。句子主语the Qinghai Lake National right direction.(+这是在气候变化期间储存碳和为物种迁 Nature Reserve与cover是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。 移创造连续栖息地的努力的一部分。事实上，最近颁布的法 故填coveringo 律正开始把我们引向正确的方向。)”可推知，作者可能会继 9.wh考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处是 续谈论恢复草原的措施。故选C。 非限制性定语从句。先行i词为the islands,beaches and 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲迷了自然界中土壤 wetlands,关系词在从句中作地点状语。放填where.。 由光尧变肥沃的过程，阑述了草和树木的重要作用和自然界生 10.eist考查形容词的最高级。句意：根据联合国教科文组命的轮回变化。 织的数据，该保护区是中国最早于1992年被列入《国际币要5.A。细节理解题。根据第一段中“Exposed soil is知't part of 湿地名录》的保护区。根据设空前的he和设空后of its kind nature's master plan.Good examples where soil is naturally found in China可知，设空处应填入形容词的最高级形式。故填 with no plants growing in are beneath freshly removed trees,or earliest where the ground has been burnt by a land fire.In these situations -255- bare soil isn't bare for long,,(裸露的土壤不是大自然总体规D.guessing猜测。根据后文“polar bears walk in seareh of seal 划的一部分。自然发现的且没有植物生长的土壤的恰当例子 holes”可知，作者看到了北极熊寻找海豹洞。放选A。 是在刚被欧伐的树木下面，或者在土地被大火烧毁的地方。7，B考在副词词义辩析。句意同上。A.p山y痛苦地：B. 在这种情况下，裸露的土壤不会裸露太久…)”可知，当砍 patient山耐心地：C.unconsciously无意识地；D.doubfully怀疑 伐完树木或遭遇大火后，土地就会变成光秃的。故选A。 地。根据后文“wait for a mea”可知，北极熊耐心等待自已的 6.C细节理解题。根据第二段中“n6elds,gardens and on 猎物。故选B。 grasslands,roadside and sports fields,along streets and on paths8.C考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我也了解到海洋从远方 and pavements,we are constantly battling to stop weeds from 带来的污染物对所有北极居民都有负面影响。A.soce来 growing.All we are doing is stop the recovering powers of nature. 源：B.eaction反应：C.effect影响：D.levelopment发展。根据 (在田野，花园、草地、路边、运动场、街道、小路和人行道上，我 上文“the pollutants carried by ocean from far away have a 们一直在努力阳止杂草生长。我们所做的一切都是为了阻止 negative”指污染物对北极居民有负面影响，have a negative 大自然恢复力量。)”可知，除掉人行道上的野草是在阻止光 effect on表示“对…有负面影向”。故选C 秃的土壤恢复。放选C。 9.D考查名同词义辨析。句意：全球变暖使北极熊处于危险之 7.B细节理解题。根据第四段中“Above ground,the stems 中，因为气候变暖意味着它们在冰上捕猎海豹的时间变短了 (of weeds help trap fallen leaves which break down into the A.rest休息：B.ease自在：C.pece和平：D.isk风险。后文 soil,adding to the fertility of the soil.(在地面上，杂草的茎有助 “hey have a shorter time”"提到H北极熊捕猎时间变短，可知全球 于捕获落叶，落叶分解到土壤中，增加土壤的肥力。)”可知，野 变暖使北极熊处于危险之中。故选D 草能够增加土壤的肥力，提高土壤质量。放选B。 IO.A考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.hunt打猎：B.explore 8.D推理判断题。根据第四段中“Above ground,the stems 探索：C.hep帮助：D.meet遇见。根据后文“seals on the ice' (of weeds help trap fallen leaves which hreak down into the 指北极熊狩猎海豹为食。故选A。 soil,adding to the fertility of the soil..(在地面上，杂草的茎有助Il.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在旅途中，我和一些博学的 于捕获落叶，落叶分解到土壤中，增加土壤的肥力。)”可知当 科学家谈论了古代图物人曾经居住过的房屋废墟。 树木被欧伐后，落叶会使土壤更肥沃，由此可知，树木移人后， A.demanding要求高的：B.learned博学的：C.modest谦虚的： 利用落叶来使土壤保持肥沃。故选D D.rgid死板的。根据后文“ancient Thule people"可知，他们 Ⅱ.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者去年夏天去 谈论古人，可见很博学。故选B。 北极，看到了北极美丽的景色和动物，也明白了保护北极环境的12.D考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.cl“si6ed分类： 重要性。 B.decorated装饰：C.confused使困惑：D.occupied占据。根 1.B考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我离开时，我被不确定和焦： 据上文“he ruins of homes once”可知，这些房屋曾经是古人 虑所笼罩。A.relief安慰；B.anxiety焦虑：C.prie骄傲： 所古有的。故选D。 D.argument争论。根据上文“When I left I was wrapped in a13.C考在动词词义辨析。句意：北极是一片令人难以置信的 blanket of uncertainty and”可知，作者离开时感到不确定和焦 美丽土地，值得保护。A.promises承诺：B.benefits获登： 虑。故选B。 C.deserves值得：D.inten山打算。根据上文“The Arctic is a 2.D考查动词短语讲析。句意：但是当我第一次见到小组成员 land of incredible beauty which”可知，北极很美丽，值得人们 时，我知道我没有什么可担心的。A.put up举起；B.prepare 保护。故选C for准备：C.rive up放弃：D.worry about担心。根据后文“Iws:14.A考查动同短语辨析。句意：我明白了为什么照顺它是如 soon part of a big family'”可知，作者很快触人了团队，所以是没 此币要。A.take care of照顾：B.make use of利用：C,run out 有什么可担心的。故选D。 of用完；D.become tired of厌倦。呼应上文“to be preserved” 3.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个团队非常随和.我很快 指保护和照暖北极很重要。故选A。 就成为一个大家庭的一员，开始了一场惊人的冒险！A.sy15.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行使我更加坚定决心， going随和的：B.wdl-chaved行为端正的：C.sensitive敏感的： 努力确保我不会给地球或地球上的人们留下负面或有害的 D.lexible灵活的。根据后文“Iwas soon part of a big family 足迹。A.deny否认：B.ensure确保：C.ague争论：D.overlook 作者能很快融入，说明闭队很随和。放选A。 忽视。根据后文“that I do not leave negative or harmful 4.C考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.failure失敗： footprints on either Earth or its people"可知，作者有了环保意 B.performance演出：C.adventure骨险：D.conflict冲突。根据 识，努力确保不会给地球或地球上的人们留下负面或有害的 "This past summer I set out on a journey to Canada's Arctic. 足迹。故选B (去年夏天，我踏上了去加拿大北极的旅程。)”可知，此处指 练案[11] 去北极的冒险。故选C 5.D考查形容词词义辣析。句意：我走近北极的时锭，不断地 被它的广大和美丽所震憾。A.embarrassed尴t尬的；B.ashamed I.I.smog2.garbage3.restored4.tolerate5.enterprise 羞愧的：C.amused觉得好笑的：D.shocked晨惊的。根据后文 6.inspection 7.fined 8.conservation 9.campaign “with its unusual largeness and its beauty"可知，作者被北极的 10.agenda 广大和美丽所震撼。故选D。 II.1.inspected 2.for 3.tolerance 4.to 5.preparing 6.A考查动词词义就析。句意：在那里，我飞过巨大的冰川，站 6.through 7.to 8.said 9.bought 10.which 在冰冻的北冰洋上，看着北极熊寻找海豹洞，耐心地等待一顿Ⅲ.I.headed towards2.end up3.dozens of4.in effect 饭。A.watching观看，B.organizing组织：C.aoticing注意到： 5.contributed to 6.set up 7.carry out 8.is harmful to —256