Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking (练案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第三册同步学习指导(人教版2019)

6. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我们把午饭在桌上摆好之 energetic and regular exercise has given me a sense of 后,约翰正好赶到。A.cooked亮任;B. spread传播,展开; accomplishment and pride. C. taken带走;D.made做。根据文章可知,作者在郊外准备吃 Thanks again for your invaluable guidance and support. I look 午饭,因此是把午饭拿出来放在桌上摆好。spreadout铺开. fforward to continuing our conversation about exercise and other topics 展开。故选B。 in the future. 7.D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这顿饭充满了笑声。 Yours sincerely. A. communication交流;B. expectation 期望;C. hope 希望; Li Hua D. laughter 笑声。根据前文“That was one of the happiest meals 练案[9] we ever sharedtogether.”可知,这顿饭大家吃的最开心。故 选D。 一. 8.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:约翰和男孩子们在滑石头到水 I. 1. starve 2. release 3. comprehensive 4. sustain 5. trend 里,Becky在喂鸭子,而我安静地坐在野餐桌子旁,感谢上帝保 6. frenquently 7. Broadcast 8. restrict 9. policy 10. seize 佑我有这么好的一家子。A.missed错过,想念;B.took带走; II. 1. death 2. to 3. on 4. restricted 5. be broadcast 6. in C. skipped滑,跳过,略过;D.left离开。根据最后一段“skipped 7. to 8. that 9. leaving 10. will a few rocks into the lake”可知,作者丈夫和儿子在滑石头到水II.1. along with 2. have an impact on 3. refer to 4. take 里。故选C。 responsibility for 5. result in 6. pay a higher price 7. map 9.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:约翰和孩子们在滑石头到水 out 8. seize the opportunity 里,Becky在喂鸭子,而我安静地坐在野餐桌子旁,感谢上帝保 佑我有这么好的一家子。A.trusting信任;B. thanking感谢; I.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。生态系统的修复是一个复杂 C. praising赞美;D.praying祈祷。根据文章可知,作者很感谢 的问题,既要考虑环境因素,也要考虑与人相关联的社会、经济 有这么好的一家人。故选B。 等方面因素。 10.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:这让我想起我有一个很美好 1. A 细节理解题。根据第二段“... forest and wodland 的生活。A. refreshed(使)恢复精力,剧新;B.questioned质 ecosystems are not the only crucial environments... consists of a 疑;C.beat击打;D.hit使想起。根据文章可知,作者吻了孩 huge range of different systems...(.....森林和林地生态系统 子的脸颊,想着自已有很好的生活。故选D。 不是唯一的关键环境.....由一系列不同的系统组成.....)” 11.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我走出房间,我突然意识 可知,生态系统的修复涉及到大量不同的生态系统,远比我 到,即使是最繁忙的时间也可以和你爱的人一起去郊游 们想的要复杂。故选A。 A.lifestyle生活方式;B. time 时间;C.world 世界; 2.D 推理判断题。根据第三段“...simply letting nature take D.occupation职业。根据文章可知,作者很忙。故选B。 the reins... nature already has the answers... natural restoration 12.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我走出房间,我突然意识 is impossible. This is when carefully designed action is required. 到,即使是最繁忙的时间也可以和你爱的人一起去郊游 (.....简单地让自然掌控一切......大自然已经有了答案..... A. love爱;B. enjoy享受;C. own拥有;D. have有。根据文章 自然恢复是不可能的。这时就需要精心设计行动。)”可知,当 可知,作者很爱孩子和丈夫。故选A。 自然无法自我修复时,主动的干预就是必须的。故选D. 13.C 考查动词短语辨析。句意:即使孩子们长大了,离开了这 3.B 细节理解题。根据第五段“... socio-economic ones.We need to look at people and the planet... the natural environment 个家,我依然记得那天坐在野餐桌旁的感受。A.left alone不 管:B. left behind遗留;C. moved away 搬走;D. ran away 逃跑. and human socicty as interconnected...(.....社会经济的。我 跑开。根据本句可知,孩子们长大了,要搬出去住。故选C。 们需要把人类和地球、自然环境和人类社会看作是相互联系 14.D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:也许今天是一个很好的日 的。)”可知,要形成可行的修复方案我们需要综合考虑社会 子做土豆沙拉,打电话给我所有的成年孩子们叫他们回来, 和自然因素。故选B 喂一些饥饿的鸭子或往湖里扔几块石头。A.handsome英俊 4.C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文旨在告诉读者如何更有 效地修复受损的生态系统。故选C。 的;B. young年轻的;C.mature成熟的;D.grown长大了的。 II.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何把户外的植 根据前文可知,孩子们长大了。故选D 物移植到室内的一些建议 15.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:生活就像一份土豆沙拉,让我 1. F 根据上句"As the cooler days of autumn arrive in the northerm 们一起带着这份土豆沙拉出去郊游吧。A.picnic郊游; part of the world. people are clearing out old plants and planning B. salad沙拉;C.life生活;D. purpose目的。根据文章可知, new gardens for next year.(当凉爽的秋天来到世界北部地区 作者讲述一家人出去郊游的美好。故选A 时,人们正在清理原有的植物,为来年规划新的花园。)”并结 IV.参考范文: 合下文如何把户外的植物移植到室内的建议可知,设空处提 Dear Mike, 出外部的植物也要搬回室内。F项(然而,外部的植物也需要 I hope this email finds you well I am writing to express my 帮助才能回到内部环境中。)符合题意,承上启下。故选F。 heartfelt gratitude for your consistent encouragement and advice 2. E 根据 上句"If the plants have gotten larger than their original regarding my physical exercise. containers during their time outside. vou can replant them into 1 have chosen to inelude running in my daily routine. Running largerones.(如果在室外生长期间,植物生长的比原来的容器 offers a perfect way of exereise, which is essential for maintaining a 大了,你可以将它们移栽到更大的容器中。)“推知,下文陈述 healthy body and mind. Additionally. rumning provides a sense of 新容器究竟应该有多大。E项(选择比原始容器最多宽5厘 freedom and stress relief. 米的容器。)承接上句,说明选择的更大的容器的宽度应不超 The impact of running on my life has been profound. I feel more 过5厘来。故选E。 -254- 3. D 根据上句“Secondly, find the connection between the root 练案[10] system and the plant's top growth and pull apart the roots gently. (其次,找到根系与植株顶部生长之间的联系,轻轻拉开根 _、 系。)”推知,下文继续陈述如何把根系分开。D项(或者你可 I.1. basin 2. reform 3. moderate 4. annual 5. undergo 以用一把锋利的刀把它们切开。)承接上句,内容一致。故 6. harmonious 7. submitted 8. chaos 9. sensitive 10. jungle 选D。 II.1I. whether/if I had seen the film 2. how her sister was then 4. C 根据上句”All the house plants that spent summer days 3. that his voice was wonderful 4. that his sister wanted to go outside should be moved to a shady area for a week before going with him 5. that she liked that book 6. he hadn't returned her inside for the winter season.(所有夏季在室外生长的室内植物 her book 7. the film had begun when he got to the cinema 都应该移到阴凉的地方一个星期,然后再移到室内过冬。)” 8. when we should have 9. to go to the country for a picnic with 推知,下文陈述把植物移到室内的原因。C项(这有助于植物 him 10. to give her a hand 适应较低的光照水平。)承接上句。故选C。 III.1. who 2. had 3. flew 4. was 5. had passed 6. told 5. G 根据 上句"After a week, look for insects on the plant. 7. takes 8. were 9. whether/if 10. had said especially under the leaves(一周后,在植物上寻找昆虫,特别 二. 是叶子下面。)”可知,设空处陈述如何寻找叶子上的害虫。C I.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了奥扎克的树木被 项(用水清洗叶子,以确保没有不速之客,如害虫。)符合题 砍伐以恢复一种草原生态系统,指出气候和生物多样性危机是 意,insects关键词。故选G。 需要共同解决的问题。 II.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青海湖国家级自 1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The goal was to restore one of 然保护区的相关情况。 1.its 考查代词。句意:据新华社报道,位于中国西北部青海省 the Ozarks' rarest ecosystems, a type of dry and rocky grassland. (目标是恢复奥扎克最稀有的生态系统之一,一种干燥的岩石 的青海湖国家级自然保护区更新了野生动物保护名录,在之 草原。)”可知,奥扎克的树木被砍伐是为了恢复草原。故 前的72个物种基础上增加了10个物种。根据设空后的名词 选B list可知,设空处应填入形容词性的物主代词。故填its。 2.A 主旨大意题。根据第三段中”All of these unique grasslands 2.to 考查介词。句意:同上。固定搭配add...lo...,意为 “给...添加....。故填t。 are under threat. but not all by tree invasion. The few remaining 3. includes 考查时态。句意:经专家修订的最新名单包括82种 grasslands in Arkansas are being converted to grow rice, Virginia grasslands are being flattened by housing developers, and low- 受保护野生动物。分析句子可知,设空处作谓语。根据句意 可知,此处陈述事实,应用一般现在时态,说明最新名单的情 lying coastal grassy plain is facing sea-level rise. Because 况,主语是Theupdated list,谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填 grasslands are so easily navigated(导航) and settled, they may ineludes。 be the most threatened ecosvstems in the world.(所有这些独特 4.Additionally 考查副词。句意:此外,国家保护的野生植物已 的草原都受到威胁,但并非都是树木入侵。阿肯色州仅存的 达12种。分析句子可知,此处应用副词作状语,修饰整个句 儿片草原正被改造成水稻,弗吉尼亚州的草原正被房地产开 子。设空处位于句首,故首字母要大写。故填Additionally。 发商夷为平地,低注的沿海草原正面临海平面上升的威胁 5.revision 考查名词。句意:报道称,野生动物名录的修订重点 由于草原是如此容易导航和定居,它们可能是世界上最受威 是对鸟类名录进行优化和调整。根据设空前的定冠词the可 胁的生态系统。)”可知,第三段主要讲的是草地减少的原因。 知,设空处应填入名词,在句中作主语。故填revision。 故选A。 6. and 考查连词。句意同上。根据句意可知,此处指“重点是 3. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Much of the Southeast was a 对鸟类名录进行优化和调整”,故设空处应填连词and将 string of large and small grassland ecosystems with enormous optimizing 和 adjusting the bird list 并列。故填 and biodiversity. All of these unique grasslands are under threat, but 7. founded 考查非谓语动词。句意:青海湖国家级自然保护区 not allby tree invasion.(东南部的大部分地区是一系列大大小 始建于1975年,位于青藏高原东北部,覆盖了青海湖的整个 小的草原生态系统,生物多样性丰富。所有这些独特的草原 水域以及鸟类繁殖和筑巢的岛屿、海滩和湿地。分析句子可 都受到威胁,但并非都是树木入侵。)”可知,东南地区的草原 知,设空处应填入非谓语动词作状语。被修饰词theOinghai 呈现的并不是所有的草原都受到树木的威胁。故选D。 Lake National Nature Reserve与found 是逻辑上的动宾关系,故4. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段".. part of an effort to store 用过去分词。故填founded。 carbon and create continuous habitats for species migration during 8.cowering 考查非谓语动词。句意:同上。分析句子可知,设 climate change. In fact. recent laws are beginning to lead us in the 空处应填入非谓语动词。句子主语the Oinghai LakeNational right direction.(....这是在气候变化期间储存碳和为物种迁 Nature Reserve与cover是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词 移创造连续栖息地的努力的一部分。事实上,最近颁布的法 故填covering。 律正开始把我们引向正确的方向。)”可推知,作者可能会组 9.where 考查定语从句。句意:同上。分析句子可知,此处是 续谈论恢复草原的措施。故选C 非限制性定语从句。先行词为theislands,beachesand 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了自然界中土填 wetlands,关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 由光秃变肥沃的过程,阐述了草和树木的重要作用和自然界生 10.earliest 考查形容词的最高级。句意:根据联合国教科文组 1命的轮回变化。 织的数据,该保护区是中国最早于1992年被列入《国际重要 5.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Exposed soil isn'tpartof 湿地名录》的保护区。根据设空前的the和设空后of itskind nature's master plan, Good examples where soil is naturally foumd inChina可知,设空处应填入形容词的最高级形式。故填 with no plants growing in are beneath freshly removed trees, or earliest。 where the ground has been burnt by a land fire. In these situations -255-练案[9] UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Section I Reading and Thinking 一、语言基础训练 7.When I meet new words I don't know,I often refer 【,单词拼写 a dictionary. 1.But some may eventually (挨饿)8.I don't doubt he has the ability to deal because they are not getting the nutrients they need to with the situation. live. 9.The man left, leave)me alone with my 2.They will only (发布)information comforting thoughts. if it suits them. 10.Not only you help our young volunteers 3.His (详尽的)surveys have to develop personally,you'll also learn new skills provided the statements of how data are collected. and increase your cultural awareness. 4.Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to Ⅲ.选词填空 (维持)a healthy lifestyle. result in,refer to,take responsibility for,along with. 5.The downward (倾向)in home pay a higher price,map out,seize the opportunity. ownership is likely to continue. have an impact on 6.We (频繁地)shy away from 1.The baby's mother escaped from the fire making decisions. two other children. 7 (广播)news was accurate and 2.She was an optimistic woman who could reliable but deadly dull. 8.Villagers say the fence would (限 young people. 3.When I am faced with a difficulty,I usually choose to public access to the hills. 9.I always consulted him on matters of relevant learning materials or web (方针) pages. 10.All he could do was to (抓住) 4.“Living green”isto Pinocchio by the back of the neck,and take him protecting the earth. home. 5.As far as I'm concerned,concentration on your Ⅱ.单句语法填空 studies will good grades. 1.The animals were left to starve to die). 6.If we do not carry it out now,we will 2.Don't release this news the public until in the future. we give you the go-ahead. 7.You don't need to your entire 3.Tom seized the excuse to get out of the goal-just your first milestone. practice. 8.If I were you,I should 4.In those days women led fairly restrict) to go abroad for further study. lives. 二、培优提升训练 5.The chairman's speech will 1.阅读理解 (broadcast)nationwide. (2024·沈阳市五校协作体高二期末) 6.Much new and high technology has been introduced As we work to ease biodiversity losses and seek to from Germany,thus resulting great reduce climate change,restoration is an important part increase in production of the company. of the global solution.But while it is widely understood -190 that ecosystem restoration is the right thing to do,there interaction with the natural world in order to form is far less understanding of what exactly it means,and practical restoration solutions.It is important to how it is to be achieved. understand how nature can thrive and still One of the most obvious misunderstandings about provide humans with the things we need.It is only when ecosystem restoration is that it is all about action, we consider the natural environment and human society especially planting trees.It is important to understand as interconnected that we can really continue to make that forest and woodland ecosystems are not the only progress. crucial environments to restore.Ecosystem restoration 1.Which shows the right understanding of ecosystem consists of a huge range of different systems,from restoration? farmland soils and grassland systems to our seas and A.Ecosystem restoration involves a variety of systems. oceans. B.Direct action on forest ecosystems should be avoided. Ecosystem restoration is not always about actively C.Community-led efforts should be reduced. intervening(介入)，In many instances,passive D.The more trees we plant,the better ecosystems intervention can be just as effective,if not more so, will be. than active.This involves simply letting nature take the 2.In what case active intervention is often a must? reins.In short,in ecosystem restoration,what we don't do can be as important as what we do.Often nature A.Active intervention can improve the local economy already has the answers.But there are situations in B.The cost of passive intervention is high. which humans have damaged the environment to such a C.A large population relies on natural resources. degree that natural restoration is impossible.This is D.Nature fails to restore itself. when carefully designed action is required. 3.According to Paragraph 5,what should be done to Another key thing to remember is that we cannot make practical restoration plans? succeed in ecosystem restoration without local people's A.To learn from developed countries. involvement or,ideally,their leadership.When a B.To take both social factors and nature into account. community feels a sense of belonging and a deep C.To make a study of local natural resources. connection with the land,this provides a firm D.To put environmental protection first. foundation for future conservation and restoration work.4.What is mainly talked about in the text? While I dislike taking an overly human-centered A.What challenge people face in ecosystem restoration. view,environmental issues cannot be separated in our B.How people can benefit from ecosystem restoration. complex modern world from socio-economic ones.We C.How to repair damaged ecosystems more effectively. need to look at people and the planet as a whole and D.Why ecosystem restoration becomes urgent. appreciate the complex web of human life and its Ⅱ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2024·浙江省浙南名校联盟高二期中)】 As the cooler days of autumn arrive in the northern part of the world,people are clearing out old plants and planning new gardens for next year.1. If the plants have gotten larger than their original containers during their time outside,you can replant them -191 into larger ones.2.And replant them with fresh potting soil,and then water them.If you are having trouble removing the plants from their containers,or pots,check to see if the roots have come through the drainage holes at the bottom of the pot.If they have,gently pull or cut the extra roots to help remove the plant. You can then divide plants like spider plants and flamingo flowers into two or more individual plants.Firstly, shake off any extra soil carefully.Secondly,find the connection between the root system and the plant's top growth and pull apart the roots gently.3.Be sure that there are at least three healthy leaves attached to the root system of each new plant.Lastly,place each new plant in its container.Be sure to use fresh soil mix.Water the plants well until new plants form. All the house plants that spent summer days outside should be moved to a shady area for a week before going inside for the winter season.4.Continue to water regularly during this time. After a week,look for insects on the plant,especially under the leaves.5.If you are still worried about insects,you can spray the plants with Neem oil mixed with water.And complete the move inside before temperatures drop below 12.7 degrees Celsius. A.You can then water the plants. B.Inside houseplants still need care too. C.This helps the plant get used to lower light levels. D.Or you could cut through them with a sharp knife. E.Choose a container that is no more than 5 centimeters wider than the original. F.However,outside plants will also need help to return to the inside environment. G.Wash the leaves with water to make sure there are no uninvited guests,like pests. Ⅲ.语法填空 阅读短文内容，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2024·浙江省四校联考高二月考) The Qinghai Lake National Nature Reserve in northwest China's Qinghai Province has updated 1. (it)list of protected wildlife,adding 10 species 2. the previous total of 72,according to a report by the Xinhua News Agency.The updated list,which was revised by experts,3. include)82 species of protected wildlife.The number of national first-level protected animals has increased from 19 to 22.Meanwhile,the number of second-level nationally protected animals has increased from 53 to 60.4.addition),the number of wild plants under national protection has reached 12 species.According to the report,the 5. revise)of the wildlife list focused on optimizing()6. adjusting the bird list.Species with uncertain records were removed from the original list and new species that have been monitored in recent years were added,increasing the total number of bird species from 232 to 281. First 7. (found)in 1975,the Qinghai Lake National Nature Reserve is located in the northeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,8. cover)the entire water area of the Qinghai Lake and the islands,beaches and wetlands,9. birds breed and nest.The reserve is the 10. early)of its kind in China to be listed in the List of Wetlands of International Importance in 1992,according to UNESCO. -192-