精品解析：江苏省常州高级中学2024-2025学年高三下学期期初质量调研英语试题

江苏省常州高级中学 2024~2025学年第二学期高三年级期初检测 英语试卷 说明：1.以下题目的答案请全部填写在答题卡上; 2.本卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节：(共5 小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is the conversation probably taking place? A. At a café. B. At the man’s house. C. At school. 2. How will the woman probably get paid? A. Through WeChat. B. In cash. C. By credit card. 3. What are the speakers likely to do? A. Feed the bears. B. Scare the bears away. C. Hide from the bears. 4. How is the man probably feeling? A. Relaxed. B. Uncertain. C. Determined. 5 What is the conversation mainly about? A. Teammates discussing a game. B. A young child talking to her hero. C. A girl asking for advice from her brother. 第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What was the weather like in Bali the previous day? A. Foggy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 7 What will the man do next? A. Go surfing. B. Go for a swim. C. Go indoors to relax. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teammates. B. Mother and son. C. Club manager and athlete. 9. What is the man celebrating? A. A family reunion. B. A recent victory. C. A sponsorship deal. 10. What does the man want to do next? A. Continue competing. B. Take some time off. C. Prepare for retirement. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. When will the speakers meet? A. At 6:30 p. m. B. At 7:30 p. m. C. At 8:30 p. m. 12. Where will Dave go to meet the woman? A. At the new café. B. At the library. C. At the dining hall. 13. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Help him with math problems. B. Pack some food for him. C. Borrow Mary’s notes. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why was the woman probably late? A. She couldn’t find the man. B. She reviewed her travel forms. C. She got lost inside the airport. 15. Where is the main office of the man’s company? A. In Sydney. B. In Melbourne. C. On the Gold Coast. 16. How long does the woman plan to stay in Australia? A. About one week. B. Only five months. C. Around six months. 17. What do the speakers probably have in common? A. They are experienced drivers. B. They prefer the same type of destination. C. They’ve done much international travel. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How long does the application last? A. One week. B. One month. C. One year. 19. What is the minimum number of pieces that can be submitted? A. Three. B. Five. C. Seven. 20. What does the speaker say about the exhibition? A It has a specific theme. B. It is open to artists of certain ages. C. It will probably be a popular event. 第二部分：阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Lisbon to Sintra Overview Sintra is 25km to the west of Lisbon. We strongly discourage driving to Sintra, as the narrow hill roads are not designed for the heavy tourist traffic and there is virtually no car parking once there. There are bus services to Sintra, but the journey times are longer than by train and the locations of the bus stations are not as convenient as the train stations. The trains to Sintra are operated by the national train company of Portugal. There are two rail routes between Lisbon to Sintra, both equally useful for tourists. These services are: 1) Rossio Station to Sintra 2) Oriente station to Sintra, via Areeiro, Entrecampos, and Sete Rios stations The Rossio service is the one typically used by most visitors, as it departs from the historic centre of Lisbon. The train departing from Oriente station is generally used by those visitors travelling onward to Sintra, as this route is closer to the airport, the main bus stations and train station. As the Lisbon to Sintra railway is an urban route, tickets and seats cannot be pre-booked, but there is no real need as there is usually plenty of free seats. Due to the popularity of Sintra there can be long queues at Rossio station for tickets, our advice is always start a trip to Sintra as early in the day as possible. All of Lisbon’s train stations are considered as being in the same fare zone, so no matter the departing station the fare to Sintra will always be the same. A single from Lisbon to Sintra passes through four fare zones and costs €2.15/€1.10 (adult/child). There are no reductions for a return ticket, and the return fare will be the price of two singles. 1. To visit Sintra, travelers are advised to ________. A. book tickets beforehand in order to secure a seat on the train B. set out early if taking Rossio route for fear of long ticket time C. take a bus there as there is a lack of car parking for self-drivers D. go there by train for safety reasons caused by narrow hill roads 2. If two parents with a child start from Lisbon airport for a day’s visit to Sintra and then come back by train, they will ________. A. take the Rossio route and pay €10.8 for the fare B. take the Oriente route and pay €10.8 for the fare C. take the Rossio route and pay €16.2 for the fare D. take the Oriente route and pay €16.2 for the fare 3. Where is the text probably from? A. A journal on travel studies. B. A textbook on railway history. C. A notice on a travel website. D. A news report in a local newspaper. B A few years ago, I stood underneath a red overhanging cliff near my hometown. The weather was amazing. Deer chewed on the brown grasses by the river below. An eagle rode the wind. Townsfolk and visitors wandered in a nearby hot spring. I was tied in, ready to climb. I was attempting to do a route first try, “onsight,” as we call it, which means I didn’t know what I was climbing into. It would have been a hard on sight for me to onsight hard climbs. You need clarity. No interference. Just as I was about to climb, nerves in my body, which I hadn’t felt yet, said hello. That’s not good for any athlete. Desperate, I painted a coat of confidence on my inner walls of doubt. I visualized myself at the top, celebrating. “You can do this,” I firmly told myself. “If you believe, success is certain.” It didn’t work. I fell near the top. Defeated, I lowered to the ground and realized powerfully that the desire to climb the route had kept me from doing it. My self-worth was bound together by my success or failure at that moment, and that set off a chain reaction: unnatural desire, pressure, performance anxiety, anticipation, a mind fascinated with the top but a body struggling below, bad decision-making, irregular movement, distraction, frustration. All in that order, too. In a flash, I told myself that on my next attempt, success or failure was irrelevant. “Make one move at a time. That’s all.” I gave myself a pass from whatever would happen. It worked. I floated to the top with self-control and clarity. That moment got me thinking. At some point, I framed this experience for myself in terms of simple mathematics. When I added determination, courage, self-confidence and desire, I failed. When I took away the desire for success, I improved. I enjoyed it more as well, which, as an athlete of 30 years, I didn’t think was possible. Eventually, I discovered the power of subtraction. 4. What can we infer from the author’s first attempt? A. He managed to reach the top of the cliff. B. He fully knew what he was climbing into. C. He was confident in his own ability to get over obstacles. D. He employed mental practice in order to overcome his nervousness. 5. What is the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 4? A. To list his shortcomings. B. To give background information. C. To describe a social phenomenon. D. To explain the reason for his failure. 6. Which of the following can best describe the author? A. Determined and sensible. B. Optimistic and humorous. C. Modest and conservative. D. Aggressive and stubborn. 7. What is conveyed in the text? A. Every dog has its day. B. Sharp tools make good work. C. Go into battle with a light pack. D. Every cloud has a silver lining. C NASA will crash a spacecraft into an asteroid (小行星) to try to change its orbit, attempting to prevent humans going the same way as the dinosaurs. Earth is constantly being disturbed by small pieces of debris (碎片), but they usually burn up or break up long before they hit the ground. Once in a while, however, something large enough to do significant damage makes impact. About 66 million years ago, one such crash is thought to have wiped out the dinosaurs. Someday, something similar could end human beings—unless we can find a way to tackle it. NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (Dart) mission is the first attempt to test if such asteroid redirection is a realistic strategy. The 610kg Dart spacecraft is scheduled to be launched at the target — the Didymos system — a harmless pair of asteroids consisting of a 163-metre asteroid called Dimorphos that orbits a larger 780-metre asteroid called Didymos. The plan is to crash the spacecraft into Dimorphos when the asteroid system is at its closest to Earth. About 10 days before impact, a satellite called LiciaCube will separate from the main spacecraft, enabling images of the impact to be relayed back to Earth. Combined with observations from ground-based telescopes, and an onboard camera that will record the final moments before the crash, these recordings will enable scientists to calculate the degree to which the impact has changed Dimorphos’s orbit. The expectation is that it will change the speed of the smaller asteroid by approximately 1% and reduce its orbit around the larger asteroid. Then, in November 2024, the European Space Agency’s Hera spacecraft will visit the Didymos system and conduct a further close-up analysis, recording details such as the precise makeup of Dimorphos, and the size and shape of the hole left by Dart. Even then, it is impossible that any single redirection strategy would be enough. “The problem is that no two asteroids are alike, and how you redirect one depends on a huge number of variables. There is no silver bullet in this game.” said Tate, the director of the National Near Earth Object Information Center. So while this may be one small step towards planetary protection, many more are likely to be necessary to avoid destruction. 8. What is the purpose of Paragraph 2? A. To analyze the impact of dinosaurs’ extinction. B. To explain the necessity of launching such a spacecraft. C. To highlight the current crisis threatening human beings. D. To show the damage caused by small pieces of debris. 9. Which of the following pictures illustrates the mission? A. B. C. D. 10. What is the function of LiciaCube? A. Helping a satellite separate from the spacecraft. B. Calculating the length of the new orbit. C. Sending the relevant data back to Earth. D. Recording ground-based observations. 11. What does the underlined sentence “There is no silver bullet in this game” mean? A. There is no evidence that NASA’s Dart mission is successful. B. There is a slight chance that further studies will bring benefits. C. There is no single solution to the complex problem. D. There is no strategy to examine so many variables. D A recent survey found children would rather be online influencers (网红) than astronauts. It made headlines and led to plenty of complaints about “kids these days”. Is influencing a promising career path? The lifestyles we see advertised on social media are enticing but under the shining appearance lie uncertain income, pay inequality, disability and mental health issues. Successful influencers will be the first to claim that anyone can make it in the industry. However, social media economy experts uncovered a huge income gap between successful influencers and everyone else. For most people trying to become an influencer, their passion projects of content creation often become free work for brands. Most influencers are self-employed, often experiencing inconsistent income and a lack of protection that comes with long-term employment. The risks of self-employment are increased in the influencer industry by an absence of industry standards and little pay transparency. Influencers are often forced to assess their own value and determine fees for their work. As a result, content creators often undervalue their own creative labour, and many end up working for free. Influencers are also often at the mercy of algorithms — the behind-the-scenes computer programs that determine which posts are shown, in which order, to users. Platforms share little detail about their algorithms, yet they finally determine who and what gains visibility and influence on social media. The threat of invisibility is a constant source of insecurity for influencers, who are under constant pressure to feed platforms with content. If they don’t, they may be “punished” by the algorithm — having posts hidden or displayed lower down on search results. Constant online presence leads to one of the most common issues in the influencer industry: mental health concerns. Influencers can connect to their platform workspaces and audience at any time of day or night, which can lead to them overworking. Coupled with the fear of online criticism, it contributes to mental and physical health issues. Although becoming an influencer may look appealing to more and more people, the industry’s dark underside needs to be made visible and improved through enhanced employment regulation and industry-led cultural change. 12. Which of the following words cans replace “enticing” in Paragraph 1? A. Imaginative. B. Similar. C. Attractive. D. Traditional. 13. What’s one of the reasons for influencers’ undervaluing their creative work? A. Standardized protection. B. Invisibility of payment. C. Assessment of own work. D. Passion for content creation. 14. What may cause the influencers’ stress according to Paragraph 4? A. Having to work out the order of posts to be displayed. B. Finding it difficult to create new content constantly. C. Having little knowledge of platform algorithms. D. Being unequally punished by platforms. 15. Why does the author write this text? A. To show the dark side of working as an online content creator. B. To reveal relationships between platforms and influencers. C. To stress the importance of visibility in the online world. D To describe the life of self-employed content creators. 第二节 (共5题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Picture this: you’ve just settled into your workday and pulled up that big report you need to finish, when a friend sends you a couple of celebrity videos on WeChat. ____16____ And then the next thing you know, an hour has gone by while that big reportsits, ignored, on your desk. So how does that happen? To understand this, we conducted a series of studies and identified three factors: the amount of media the person has already viewed, the similarity of the media they’ve viewed, and the manner in which they viewed the media. We found the order and types of content we consume can affect our decision to keep consuming similar content. But what drives this effect? ____17____ When something feels more accessible, it becomes easier to process, leading us to enjoy it more. These results also explain why it’s so easy to get distracted by apps on social media at work. ____18____ They offer bite-sized content that makes it easy to quickly consume several videos in a row. They often automatically suggest similar content, and many of them even automatically start playing similar videos, reducing the potential for interruptions. ____19____ If you really want to watch multiple in a row, choose those that seem unrelated. You can also use a social media timer that urges you to take a break after a certain amount of time, or even just consciously remind yourself to consume different kinds of content. So, if you’ re struggling to climb out of a rabbit hole, try to find ways to reduce the similarity, repetitiveness, and relatedness of the content you’ re consuming. ____20____ Once you manage to break free, you’ll be back at that big report in no time. A. It can be difficult, but it’s not impossible. B. To fight the pull, make an effort to just watch one video. C. You figure you’ll just take a few minutes to watch them. D. Accessibility refers to how familiar a given kind of content feels. E. This will be a problem if you are kept from focusing on your work. F. Many platforms are designed to trap viewers in a social media rabbit hole. G. Prior research suggests the three factors increase the accessibility of similar media. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完型填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I suggest my students having a party on Valentine’s Day every year to celebrate kindness on this special occasion. They send valentine cards to others, as they did when they were in the ____21____ school. I can sense that no one has more fun in school than an 18-year-old given ____22____ to be ten again. “The ____23____ is to write something positive and sincere to everyone in the class. Even if it’s someone you ____24____ know, there’s always something nice to say. Admire their fashion sense or their skill at basketball. Remind them of something fun you remember about them.” I said to them. Looking on as they ____25____ each message is always a ____26____. I play a mix CD of oldies and Motown love songs, and the vibe (气氛) in the room is happy. But the real fun comes when they read what people wrote to them. Watching a(n) ____27____ kid tentatively open a card and then break into a big grin is worth all of the trouble. But romances are rare, and not what ____28____ to me. There are far better measures of success. Three years ago, a boy named Hal wrote me that I was the only one who had noticed when he was ____29____ a few months before and how much it had meant to him. Former students have shared with me that they have ____30____ their valentines and sometimes read through them when they’re feeling low. Parents have e-mailed to tell me that the valentine ____31____ boosted their child’s self-confidence at a time when it was greatly needed. After 20 years of teaching, I ____32____ few hopes that students will remember all of the grammar or vocabulary I taught them. But if all a student ____33____ of one of my classes are the valentines they received one long-ago ____34____, to me that makes it all worthwhile. In recent years, the world that we inhabit has grown ____35____. If, for one day a year, I can help them turn all the division and stress off, if I can create an environment where they are intentionally kind to one another, then I count that as something to be proud of. 21. A. primary B. secondary C. high D. nursery 22. A. guarantee B. priority C. advantage D. permission 23. A. style B. approach C. content D. objective 24. A. obviously B. barely C. never D. initially 25. A. read B. compose C. discuss D. check 26. A. treat B. dilemma C. fantasy D. must 27. A. brave B. ignorant C. shy D. naughty 28. A. happens B. matters C. differs D. seems 29. A. inspired B. determined C. depressed D. puzzled 30. A. put aside B. held up C. hung onto D. given away 31. A. promise B. opportunity C. encounter D. exchange 32. A. express B. relay C. harbor D. miss 33. A. tells B. recalls C. demands D. expects 34. A. January B. February C. September D. December 35. A. uglier B. stronger C. closer D. smarter 第二节 (共10题;每题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chengdu World University Games concluded on August 8 as the curtain ____36____ (raise) for the 15th National Fitness Day. This handover highlights the importance of both ____37____ (compete) sports and the general public’s ____38____ (pursue) of healthy lifestyles. ____39____ its focus on benefiting the public and promoting the sportsmanship, the Chengdu Universiade not just made dreams come true for athletes ____40____ inspired enthusiasm for wellness and sports. The sports spirit left behind by the event is sure to continue benefiting the public for years ____41____ (come). In recent decades, people across China ____42____ (participate) in a wide range of mass fitness activities to celebrate National Fitness Day. The data revealing more than 24,000 national fitness events were carried out across the country, with ____43____ number of participants estimated to exceed 6.5 million. According to the National Fitness Program, the general public will enjoy more convenient physical fitness services by 2025, with full ____44____ (cover) of fitness facilities in counties, towns, and villages within a 15-minute walk. The program is also to offer people professional advice and a science-based policy, ____45____ (perfect) athletic performance with a universal standard. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Jack为了让父母感受中国春节的氛围，就如何装饰家里更有“年” 味征求你的意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 感谢喜欢中国年； 2、如何装饰(不少于两点)； 3、你的祝福。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文述贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One morning, Molly handed me two bags. One regular lunch paper bag, and the one with staples (订书钉) and paperclips (回形针). “Why two bags?” “The other one is something else.” “What’s in it?” “Just some stuff. Take it with you.” I stuffed both bags into my briefcase (公文包), kissed the child and rushed off. At midday, while hurriedly swallowing down my real lunch, I tore open Molly’s bag and shook out the contents. Two hair ribbons, three small stones, a plastic dinosaur, a pencil, a tiny seashell, a marble, a used lipstick, a small doll, two chocolate bars and 13 pennies. I smiled. How charming! Rising to work, I swept the desk clean into the wastebasket — leftover lunch, Molly’s junk and all. There wasn’t anything in there I needed. That evening Molly came to stand beside me while I was reading the paper. “Where’s my bag?” “What bag?” “You know, the one I gave you this morning.” “I left it at the off ice. Why?” “I forgot to put this note in it.” She handed over the note. “Besides, I want it back.” “Why?” “Those are my things in the bag, Daddy, the ones I really like. I thought you might like to play with them, but now I want them back. You didn’t lose the bag, did you, Daddy?” Tears puddled in her eyes. “Oh, no, I just forgot to bring it home,” I lied. “Bring it tomorrow, okay?” As she hugged my neck with relief, I unfolded the note that had not gotten into the bag: “I love you, Daddy.” Oh. And uh-oh. I looked long at the face of my child. She had given me her treasures — all that a 7-year-old held dear. Love in a paper bag, and I had missed it — not only missed it, but had thrown it away because “there wasn’t anything in there I needed”. It wasn’t the f irst or the last time I felt ashamed wearing the title of father. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: It was a long trip back to the office. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: To my surprise, Molly gave the bag to me once again several days later. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5: CACBB 6-10: CCCBA 11-15: BBCBA 16-20: CBBBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江苏省常州高级中学 2024~2025学年第二学期高三年级期初检测 英语试卷 说明：1.以下题目的答案请全部填写在答题卡上; 2.本卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节：(共5 小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is the conversation probably taking place? A. At a café. B. At the man’s house. C. At school. 2. How will the woman probably get paid? A. Through WeChat. B. In cash. C. By credit card. 3. What are the speakers likely to do? A. Feed the bears. B. Scare the bears away. C. Hide from the bears. 4. How is the man probably feeling? A. Relaxed. B. Uncertain. C. Determined. 5. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Teammates discussing a game. B A young child talking to her hero. C. A girl asking for advice from her brother. 第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What was the weather like in Bali the previous day? A. Foggy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 7. What will the man do next? A. Go surfing. B. Go for a swim. C. Go indoors to relax. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teammates. B. Mother and son. C. Club manager and athlete. 9. What is the man celebrating? A. A family reunion. B. A recent victory. C. A sponsorship deal. 10. What does the man want to do next? A. Continue competing. B. Take some time off. C. Prepare for retirement. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. When will the speakers meet? A At 6:30 p. m. B. At 7:30 p. m. C. At 8:30 p. m. 12. Where will Dave go to meet the woman? A. At the new café. B. At the library. C. At the dining hall. 13. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Help him with math problems. B. Pack some food for him. C. Borrow Mary’s notes. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why was the woman probably late? A. She couldn’t find the man. B. She reviewed her travel forms. C. She got lost inside the airport. 15. Where is the main office of the man’s company? A. In Sydney. B. In Melbourne. C. On the Gold Coast. 16. How long does the woman plan to stay in Australia? A. About one week. B. Only five months. C. Around six months. 17. What do the speakers probably have in common? A. They are experienced drivers. B. They prefer the same type of destination. C. They’ve done much international travel. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How long does the application last? A. One week. B. One month. C. One year. 19. What is the minimum number of pieces that can be submitted? A. Three. B. Five. C. Seven. 20. What does the speaker say about the exhibition? A. It has a specific theme. B. It is open to artists of certain ages. C. It will probably be a popular event. 第二部分：阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Lisbon to Sintra Overview Sintra is 25km to the west of Lisbon. We strongly discourage driving to Sintra, as the narrow hill roads are not designed for the heavy tourist traffic and there is virtually no car parking once there. There are bus services to Sintra, but the journey times are longer than by train and the locations of the bus stations are not as convenient as the train stations. The trains to Sintra are operated by the national train company of Portugal. There are two rail routes between Lisbon to Sintra, both equally useful for tourists. These services are: 1) Rossio Station to Sintra 2) Oriente station to Sintra, via Areeiro, Entrecampos, and Sete Rios stations The Rossio service is the one typically used by most visitors, as it departs from the historic centre of Lisbon. The train departing from Oriente station is generally used by those visitors travelling onward to Sintra, as this route is closer to the airport, the main bus stations and train station. As the Lisbon to Sintra railway is an urban route, tickets and seats cannot be pre-booked, but there is no real need as there is usually plenty of free seats. Due to the popularity of Sintra there can be long queues at Rossio station for tickets, our advice is always start a trip to Sintra as early in the day as possible. All of Lisbon’s train stations are considered as being in the same fare zone, so no matter the departing station the fare to Sintra will always be the same. A single from Lisbon to Sintra passes through four fare zones and costs €2.15/€1.10 (adult/child). There are no reductions for a return ticket, and the return fare will be the price of two singles. 1. To visit Sintra, travelers are advised to ________. A. book tickets beforehand in order to secure a seat on the train B. set out early if taking Rossio route for fear of long ticket time C. take a bus there as there is a lack of car parking for self-drivers D. go there by train for safety reasons caused by narrow hill roads 2. If two parents with a child start from Lisbon airport for a day’s visit to Sintra and then come back by train, they will ________. A. take the Rossio route and pay €10.8 for the fare B. take the Oriente route and pay €10.8 for the fare C. take the Rossio route and pay €16.2 for the fare D. take the Oriente route and pay €16.2 for the fare 3. Where is the text probably from? A. A journal on travel studies. B. A textbook on railway history. C. A notice on a travel website. D. A news report in a local newspaper. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了从里斯本前往辛特拉的交通指南，包括注意事项、交通方式的选择、票价信息等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Due to the popularity of Sintra there can be long queues at Rossio station for tickets, our advice is always start a trip to Sintra as early in the day as possible. (由于辛特拉的热门，在Rossio站购票可能会有长队，我们的建议是尽早开始前往辛特拉的行程。)”可知，如果旅行者选择从Rossio站出发去辛特拉，为了避免长时间的购票等待，他们应该尽早出发。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的“The train departing from Oriente station is generally used by those visitors travelling onward to Sintra (从Oriente站出发的火车一般由前往辛特拉的游客乘坐)”可知，从里斯本机场出发去辛特拉游玩应该选择从Oriente站出发的火车；再根据最后一段的“A single from Lisbon to Sintra passes through four fare zones and costs €2.15/€1.10 (adult/child). There are no reductions for a return ticket, and the return fare will be the price of two singles. (从里斯本到辛特拉的单程票经过四个收费区，成人票价为€2.15，儿童票价为€1.10。往返票没有折扣，往返票价等于两个单程票价的总和。)”可知，两位成人和一个孩子从里斯本机场出发去辛特拉游玩往返票价为€2.15*2 (两个成人)*2 (往返) + €1.1*2 (往返) = €10.8。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文介绍了从里斯本前往辛特拉的交通方式、票价信息以及旅行建议等实用信息，这些信息通常出现在旅游指南、旅游网站或相关旅行宣传材料中，故本文有可能是旅游网站上的一则通知。故选C。 B A few years ago, I stood underneath a red overhanging cliff near my hometown. The weather was amazing. Deer chewed on the brown grasses by the river below. An eagle rode the wind. Townsfolk and visitors wandered in a nearby hot spring. I was tied in, ready to climb. I was attempting to do a route first try, “onsight,” as we call it, which means I didn’t know what I was climbing into. It would have been a hard on sight for me to onsight hard climbs. You need clarity. No interference. Just as I was about to climb, nerves in my body, which I hadn’t felt yet, said hello. That’s not good for any athlete. Desperate, I painted a coat of confidence on my inner walls of doubt. I visualized myself at the top, celebrating. “You can do this,” I firmly told myself. “If you believe, success is certain.” It didn’t work. I fell near the top. Defeated, I lowered to the ground and realized powerfully that the desire to climb the route had kept me from doing it. My self-worth was bound together by my success or failure at that moment, and that set off a chain reaction: unnatural desire, pressure, performance anxiety, anticipation, a mind fascinated with the top but a body struggling below, bad decision-making, irregular movement, distraction, frustration. All in that order, too. In a flash, I told myself that on my next attempt, success or failure was irrelevant. “Make one move at a time. That’s all.” I gave myself a pass from whatever would happen. It worked. I floated to the top with self-control and clarity. That moment got me thinking. At some point, I framed this experience for myself in terms of simple mathematics. When I added determination, courage, self-confidence and desire, I failed. When I took away the desire for success, I improved. I enjoyed it more as well, which, as an athlete of 30 years, I didn’t think was possible. Eventually, I discovered the power of subtraction. 4. What can we infer from the author’s first attempt? A. He managed to reach the top of the cliff. B. He fully knew what he was climbing into. C. He was confident in his own ability to get over obstacles. D. He employed mental practice in order to overcome his nervousness. 5. What is the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 4? A. To list his shortcomings. B. To give background information. C. To describe a social phenomenon. D. To explain the reason for his failure. 6. Which of the following can best describe the author? A. Determined and sensible. B. Optimistic and humorous. C. Modest and conservative. D. Aggressive and stubborn. 7. What is conveyed in the text? A. Every dog has its day. B. Sharp tools make good work. C. Go into battle with a light pack. D. Every cloud has a silver lining. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者攀爬过程中的两次尝试，第一次失败是由于对成功的渴望和内心的压力，而第二次成功是通过放弃渴望、专注当下和轻装上阵来实现的。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I was attempting to do a route first try, “onsight,” as we call it, which means I didn’t know what I was climbing into. It would have been a hard on sight for me to onsight hard climbs. You need clarity. No interference.(我试着先走一条路线，我们称之为“onsight”，也就是说，我不知道我要爬的是什么。对我来说，看到艰难的攀登是一件很难的事。你需要清晰。没有干扰)”可推知，作者第一次尝试运用了心理练习来克服紧张。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“It didn’t work. I fell near the top. Defeated, I lowered to the ground and realized powerfully that the desire to climb the route had kept me from doing it. My self-worth was bound together by my success or failure at that moment, and that set off a chain reaction: unnatural desire, pressure, performance anxiety, anticipation, a mind fascinated with the top but a body struggling below, bad decision-making, irregular movement, distraction, frustration. All in that order, too.(没有成功。我在接近山顶的地方摔了下来。我被打败了，趴在地上，强烈地意识到是爬这条路的欲望阻止了我去做。我的自我价值与我在那一刻的成功或失败联系在一起，并引发了连锁反应：不自然的欲望、压力、表现焦虑、期待、对顶端着迷但身体在下面挣扎、错误的决策、不规则的动作、分心、沮丧。也是这个顺序)”可推知，作者写第4段的目的是解释他失败的原因。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Defeated, I lowered to the ground and realized powerfully that the desire to climb the route had kept me from doing it. My self-worth was bound together by my success or failure at that moment, and that set off a chain reaction: unnatural desire, pressure, performance anxiety, anticipation, a mind fascinated with the top but a body struggling below, bad decision-making, irregular movement, distraction, frustration.(我被打败了，趴在地上，强烈地意识到是爬这条路的欲望阻止了我去做。我的自我价值与我在那一刻的成功或失败联系在一起，并引发了连锁反应：不自然的欲望、压力、表现焦虑、期待、对顶端着迷但身体在下面挣扎、错误的决策、不规则的动作、分心、沮丧)”以及第五段“In a flash, I told myself that on my next attempt, success or failure was irrelevant. “Make one move at a time. That’s all.” I gave myself a pass from whatever would happen.(刹那间，我告诉自己，在下一次尝试中，成功或失败都无关紧要。“一次只走一步。就是全部了。”不管发生什么事，我都不去管自己)”可推知，作者会反思自己失败的原因可见作者是明智的。作者决定一步一步走可见是坚定的。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“When I added determination, courage, self-confidence and desire, I failed. When I took away the desire for success, I improved. I enjoyed it more as well, which, as an athlete of 30 years, I didn’t think was possible. Eventually, I discovered the power of subtraction.(当我加上决心、勇气、自信和欲望时，我失败了。当我去掉对成功的渴望，我就进步了。我也更喜欢它，作为一个30年的运动员，我认为这是不可能的。最终，我发现了减法的力量)”可知，作者通过放弃对成功的渴望，减轻心理压力，并专注于一步一步地攀爬，最终取得了成功。这传达了一个信息，即人们在面对挑战时应该轻装上阵，不要给自己过多的压力。故可推知，这篇文章传达了轻装上阵的思想。故选C。 C NASA will crash a spacecraft into an asteroid (小行星) to try to change its orbit, attempting to prevent humans going the same way as the dinosaurs. Earth is constantly being disturbed by small pieces of debris (碎片), but they usually burn up or break up long before they hit the ground. Once in a while, however, something large enough to do significant damage makes impact. About 66 million years ago, one such crash is thought to have wiped out the dinosaurs. Someday, something similar could end human beings—unless we can find a way to tackle it. NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (Dart) mission is the first attempt to test if such asteroid redirection is a realistic strategy. The 610kg Dart spacecraft is scheduled to be launched at the target — the Didymos system — a harmless pair of asteroids consisting of a 163-metre asteroid called Dimorphos that orbits a larger 780-metre asteroid called Didymos. The plan is to crash the spacecraft into Dimorphos when the asteroid system is at its closest to Earth. About 10 days before impact, a satellite called LiciaCube will separate from the main spacecraft, enabling images of the impact to be relayed back to Earth. Combined with observations from ground-based telescopes, and an onboard camera that will record the final moments before the crash, these recordings will enable scientists to calculate the degree to which the impact has changed Dimorphos’s orbit. The expectation is that it will change the speed of the smaller asteroid by approximately 1% and reduce its orbit around the larger asteroid. Then, in November 2024, the European Space Agency’s Hera spacecraft will visit the Didymos system and conduct a further close-up analysis, recording details such as the precise makeup of Dimorphos, and the size and shape of the hole left by Dart. Even then, it is impossible that any single redirection strategy would be enough. “The problem is that no two asteroids are alike, and how you redirect one depends on a huge number of variables. There is no silver bullet in this game.” said Tate, the director of the National Near Earth Object Information Center. So while this may be one small step towards planetary protection, many more are likely to be necessary to avoid destruction. 8. What is the purpose of Paragraph 2? A. To analyze the impact of dinosaurs’ extinction. B. To explain the necessity of launching such a spacecraft. C. To highlight the current crisis threatening human beings. D. To show the damage caused by small pieces of debris. 9. Which of the following pictures illustrates the mission? A. B. C. D. 10. What is the function of LiciaCube? A. Helping a satellite separate from the spacecraft. B. Calculating the length of the new orbit. C. Sending the relevant data back to Earth. D. Recording ground-based observations. 11. What does the underlined sentence “There is no silver bullet in this game” mean? A. There is no evidence that NASA’s Dart mission is successful. B. There is a slight chance that further studies will bring benefits. C. There is no single solution to the complex problem. D. There is no strategy to examine so many variables. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了NASA通过撞击小行星改变其轨道的实验及其意义。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“NASA will crash a spacecraft into an asteroid (小行星) to try to change its orbit, attempting to prevent humans going the same way as the dinosaurs. (美国国家航空航天局将让一艘航天器撞击小行星，试图改变其轨道，以此尝试防止人类重蹈恐龙的覆辙。)”和第二段“Earth is constantly being disturbed by small pieces of debris (碎片), but they usually burn up or break up long before they hit the ground. Once in a while, however, something large enough to do significant damage makes impact. About 66 million years ago, one such crash is thought to have wiped out the dinosaurs. Someday, something similar could end human beings—unless we can find a way to tackle it. (地球不断受到小块碎片的干扰，但这些碎片通常在撞击地面之前就燃烧殆尽或解体了。然而，偶尔会有足够大的碎片造成重大损害。大约6600万年前，这样的一次撞击被认为导致了恐龙的灭绝。总有一天，类似的事情也可能终结人类——除非我们能找到应对之策。)”可知，作者通过提到恐龙灭绝的例子，强调了小行星撞击对人类的潜在威胁，从而解释了发射航天器的必要性。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段中“NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (Dart) mission is the first attempt to test if such asteroid redirection is a realistic strategy. The 610kg Dart spacecraft is scheduled to be launched at the target — the Didymos system —a harmless pair of asteroids consisting of a 163-metre asteroid called Dimorphos that orbits a larger 780-metre asteroid called Didymos. (美国国家航空航天局的 “双小行星重定向测试”（Dart）任务是首次尝试检验让小行星改变轨道这一策略是否可行。重达610千克的Dart宇宙飞船计划被发射至目标 ——“迪迪莫斯”小行星系统。这是一对无害的小行星，其中一颗名为“迪莫弗斯”的小行星直径为163米，围绕着一颗更大的、直径780米的名为“迪迪莫斯”的小行星运行。计划是在这颗小行星系统距离地球最近时，让宇宙飞船撞击“迪莫弗斯”小行星。)”和第四段中“The expectation is that it will change the speed of the smaller asteroid by approximately 1% and reduce its orbit around the larger asteroid. (预计此次撞击将使这颗较小的小行星的速度改变大约1%，并缩短它围绕较大小行星运行的轨道。)”可知，Dart撞击“迪莫弗斯”，“迪莫弗斯”围绕着“迪迪莫斯”运行，撞击后运行的轨道缩小。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第四段中“About 10 days before impact, a satellite called LiciaCube will separate from the main spacecraft, enabling images of the impact to be relayed back to Earth. (在撞击前大约 10 天，一颗名为“露西卡比”的卫星将与主宇宙飞船分离，这样撞击的图像就能被传回地球。)”可知，露西卡比的功能是将撞击的图像传回地球。故选C。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章最后一段中“The problem is that no two asteroids are alike, and how you redirect one depends on a huge number of variables. (问题在于没有两颗小行星是相同的，而如何改变某一颗小行星的轨道取决于大量的变量。)”可知，由于小行星的多样性和复杂性，没有一种单一的解决方案可以适用于所有情况，所以There is no silver bullet in this game在本句的意思是“没有一种单一的解决方案可以适用于所有情况，没有一劳永逸的解决方案”，与There is no single solution to the complex problem“没有一劳永逸的解决方案”意思相符。故选C。 D A recent survey found children would rather be online influencers (网红) than astronauts. It made headlines and led to plenty of complaints about “kids these days”. Is influencing a promising career path? The lifestyles we see advertised on social media are enticing, but under the shining appearance lie uncertain income, pay inequality, disability and mental health issues. Successful influencers will be the first to claim that anyone can make it in the industry. However, social media economy experts uncovered a huge income gap between successful influencers and everyone else. For most people trying to become an influencer, their passion projects of content creation often become free work for brands. Most influencers are self-employed, often experiencing inconsistent income and a lack of protection that comes with long-term employment. The risks of self-employment are increased in the influencer industry by an absence of industry standards and little pay transparency. Influencers are often forced to assess their own value and determine fees for their work. As a result, content creators often undervalue their own creative labour, and many end up working for free. Influencers are also often at the mercy of algorithms — the behind-the-scenes computer programs that determine which posts are shown, in which order, to users. Platforms share little detail about their algorithms, yet they finally determine who and what gains visibility and influence on social media. The threat of invisibility is a constant source of insecurity for influencers, who are under constant pressure to feed platforms with content. If they don’t, they may be “punished” by the algorithm — having posts hidden or displayed lower down on search results. Constant online presence leads to one of the most common issues in the influencer industry: mental health concerns. Influencers can connect to their platform workspaces and audience at any time of day or night, which can lead to them overworking. Coupled with the fear of online criticism, it contributes to mental and physical health issues. Although becoming an influencer may look appealing to more and more people, the industry’s dark underside needs to be made visible and improved through enhanced employment regulation and industry-led cultural change. 12. Which of the following words cans replace “enticing” in Paragraph 1? A. Imaginative. B. Similar. C. Attractive. D. Traditional. 13. What’s one of the reasons for influencers’ undervaluing their creative work? A. Standardized protection. B. Invisibility of payment. C. Assessment of own work. D. Passion for content creation. 14. What may cause the influencers’ stress according to Paragraph 4? A. Having to work out the order of posts to be displayed. B. Finding it difficult to create new content constantly. C. Having little knowledge of platform algorithms. D. Being unequally punished by platforms. 15 Why does the author write this text? A. To show the dark side of working as an online content creator. B. To reveal relationships between platforms and influencers. C. To stress the importance of visibility in the online world. D. To describe the life of self-employed content creators. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为议论文，文章大意是讨论了网红作为一种职业的吸引力及其背后的挑战和问题。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第一段中“The lifestyles we see advertised on social media are enticing, but under the shining appearance lie uncertain income, pay inequality, disability and mental health issues. (我们在社交媒体上看到的那些网红宣传的生活方式很enticing，但在这光鲜亮丽的外表之下，存在着收入不稳定、薪酬不平等、身体伤残以及心理健康等问题。)”可知，网光鲜亮丽的外表说明网红宣传的生活方式很诱人，enticing的意思是“诱人的，吸引人的”。可以用Attractive“吸引人的”来替换。故选C。 13题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段中“The risks of self-employment are increased in the influencer industry by an absence of industry standards and little pay transparency. Influencers are often forced to assess their own value and determine fees for their work. As a result, content creators often undervalue their own creative labour, and many end up working for free. (由于网红行业缺乏行业标准，薪酬透明度也很低，个体经营的风险在这个行业里进一步增加了。网红们常常不得不自己评估自身价值，并确定自己工作的报酬。结果，内容创作者们常常低估自己的创造性劳动价值，很多人最终都是无偿工作。)”可知，第三段指出行业缺乏薪酬透明度（little pay transparency），导致创作者需自行评估劳动价值，最终低估自身工作，说明网红低估自己创作价值的原因之一是薪酬不透明。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Influencers are also often at the mercy of algorithms — the behind-the-scenes computer programs that determine which posts are shown, in which order, to users. Platforms share little detail about their algorithms, yet they finally determine who and what gains visibility and influence on social media. The threat of invisibility is a constant source of insecurity for influencers, who are under constant pressure to feed platforms with content. (网红们还常常受算法的支配 —— 算法就是幕后的计算机程序，它们决定着哪些帖子会展示给用户，以及展示的顺序。社交媒体平台很少透露其算法的细节，但这些算法最终决定了在社交媒体上谁以及什么内容能获得关注和影响力。对于网红们来说，可能会被算法忽视的威胁一直是他们不安全感的来源，他们一直承受着要不断为平台提供内容的压力。)”可知，第四段强调平台不公开算法细节，创作者因无法预测内容曝光机制而被迫持续产出内容，导致压力，说明网红压力的来源之一是对平台算法缺乏了解。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“The lifestyles we see advertised on social media are enticing, but under the shining appearance lie uncertain income, pay inequality, disability and mental health issues. (我们在社交媒体上看到的那些网红所宣传的生活方式很诱人，但在光鲜亮丽的外表之下，存在着收入不稳定、薪酬不平等、身体损伤以及心理健康等问题。)”和最后一段“Although becoming an influencer may look appealing to more and more people, the industry’s dark underside needs to be made visible and improved through enhanced employment regulation and industry-led cultural change. (尽管成为网红对越来越多的人来说可能很有吸引力，但这个行业的阴暗面需要被曝光，并且需要通过加强就业监管和行业引领的文化变革来加以改善。)”可知，文章通过分析网红职业的吸引力及其背后的挑战，揭示了这一行业的负面影响，例如收入不稳定、算法控制、心理健康问题等。因此，作者写作的目的是展示作为在线内容创作者的黑暗面。故选A。 第二节 (共5题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Picture this: you’ve just settled into your workday and pulled up that big report you need to finish, when a friend sends you a couple of celebrity videos on WeChat. ____16____ And then the next thing you know, an hour has gone by while that big reportsits, ignored, on your desk. So how does that happen? To understand this, we conducted a series of studies and identified three factors: the amount of media the person has already viewed, the similarity of the media they’ve viewed, and the manner in which they viewed the media. We found the order and types of content we consume can affect our decision to keep consuming similar content. But what drives this effect? ____17____ When something feels more accessible, it becomes easier to process, leading us to enjoy it more. These results also explain why it’s so easy to get distracted by apps on social media at work. ____18____ They offer bite-sized content that makes it easy to quickly consume several videos in a row. They often automatically suggest similar content, and many of them even automatically start playing similar videos, reducing the potential for interruptions. ____19____ If you really want to watch multiple in a row, choose those that seem unrelated. You can also use a social media timer that urges you to take a break after a certain amount of time, or even just consciously remind yourself to consume different kinds of content. So, if you’ re struggling to climb out of a rabbit hole, try to find ways to reduce the similarity, repetitiveness, and relatedness of the content you’ re consuming. ____20____ Once you manage to break free, you’ll be back at that big report in no time. A. It can be difficult, but it’s not impossible. B. To fight the pull, make an effort to just watch one video. C. You figure you’ll just take a few minutes to watch them. D. Accessibility refers to how familiar a given kind of content feels. E. This will be a problem if you are kept from focusing on your work. F. Many platforms are designed to trap viewers in a social media rabbit hole. G. Prior research suggests the three factors increase the accessibility of similar media. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了社交媒体内容相似性如何导致用户分心，并提出了减少分心的策略。 【16题详解】 由上文“Picture this: you’ve just settled into your workday and pulled up that big report you need to finish, when a friend sends you a couple of celebrity videos on WeChat. (想象一下：你刚刚安定下来开始工作，准备完成那份重要的报告，这时一个朋友在微信上给你发了几段名人视频。)”及下文“And then the next thing you know, an hour has gone by while that big report sits, ignored, on your desk. (然后你就发现，一个小时过去了，那份重要的报告还在桌子上，被忽略了。)”可知，上文描述朋友给发了几段名人视频，下文描述工作中看视频对工作的影响，本空应承上启下，描述你如何对待这几段视频。C选项“You figure you’ll just take a few minutes to watch them. (你想着就花几分钟时间看一下。)”描述看待这几段视频的态度，能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 【17题详解】 由上文“To understand this, we conducted a series of studies and identified three factors: the amount of media the person has already viewed, the similarity of the media they’ve viewed, and the manner in which they viewed the media. (为了理解这一点，我们进行了一系列研究，并确定了三个因素：一个人已经观看的媒体数量、他们观看的媒体的相似性以及他们观看媒体的方式。)”和“We found the order and types of content we consume can affect our decision to keep consuming similar content. But what drives this effect? (我们发现我们消费的内容的顺序和类型会影响我们继续消费类似内容的决定。但是是什么驱动了这一效果呢？)”可知，上文介绍了三个因素，且询问导致消费的内容的顺序和类型会影响我们继续消费类似内容的决定的原因，本空应解释驱动了这一效果的原因。G选项“Prior research suggests the three factors increase the accessibility of similar media. (先前的研究表明，这三个因素增加了类似媒体的可访问性。)”是对上文问题的回答，能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 【18题详解】 由下文“They offer bite-sized content that makes it easy to quickly consume several videos in a row. (它们提供的内容篇幅短小，让人可以很容易地一口气看完几个视频。)”对社交媒体分散注意力的原因的解释可知，本空应解释这些应用程序吸引人的特点。F选项“Many platforms are designed to trap viewers in a social media rabbit hole. (许多平台都被设计成让观众陷入社交媒体的无底洞中。)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选F。 【19题详解】 由下文“If you really want to watch multiple in a row, choose those that seem unrelated. You can also use a social media timer that urges you to take a break after a certain amount of time, or even just consciously remind yourself to consume different kinds of content. (如果你真的想一口气看完多个视频，那就选择那些看起来不相关的。你也可以使用一个社交媒体计时器，它会在一定时间后提醒你休息一下，或者甚至只是有意识地提醒自己消费不同类型的内容。)”对防止被社交媒体分散注意力的建议可知，本空应提出防止被社交媒体分散注意力的建议。B选项“To fight the pull, make an effort to just watch one video. (为了抵抗这种诱惑，努力只看一个视频。)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选B。 【20题详解】 由上文“So, if you’ re struggling to climb out of a rabbit hole, try to find ways to reduce the similarity, repetitiveness, and relatedness of the content you’ re consuming. (所以，如果你正在努力摆脱这种困境，试着找到减少你所消费内容的相似性、重复性和相关性的方法。)”及下文“Once you manage to break free, you’ll be back at that big report in no time. (一旦你成功摆脱，你很快就会回到那份重要的报告上。)”对摆脱困境后回到工作上的描述可知，本空应描述摆脱困境的难易程度。A选项“It can be difficult, but it’s not impossible. (这可能会很困难，但并非不可能。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完型填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I suggest my students having a party on Valentine’s Day every year to celebrate kindness on this special occasion. They send valentine cards to others, as they did when they were in the ____21____ school. I can sense that no one has more fun in school than an 18-year-old given ____22____ to be ten again. “The ____23____ is to write something positive and sincere to everyone in the class. Even if it’s someone you ____24____ know, there’s always something nice to say. Admire their fashion sense or their skill at basketball. Remind them of something fun you remember about them.” I said to them. Looking on as they ____25____ each message is always a ____26____. I play a mix CD of oldies and Motown love songs, and the vibe (气氛) in the room is happy. But the real fun comes when they read what people wrote to them. Watching a(n) ____27____ kid tentatively open a card and then break into a big grin is worth all of the trouble. But romances are rare, and not what ____28____ to me. There are far better measures of success. Three years ago, a boy named Hal wrote me that I was the only one who had noticed when he was ____29____ a few months before and how much it had meant to him. Former students have shared with me that they have ____30____ their valentines and sometimes read through them when they’re feeling low. Parents have e-mailed to tell me that the valentine ____31____ boosted their child’s self-confidence at a time when it was greatly needed. After 20 years of teaching, I ____32____ few hopes that students will remember all of the grammar or vocabulary I taught them. But if all a student ____33____ of one of my classes are the valentines they received one long-ago ____34____, to me that makes it all worthwhile. In recent years, the world that we inhabit has grown ____35____. If, for one day a year, I can help them turn all the division and stress off, if I can create an environment where they are intentionally kind to one another, then I count that as something to be proud of. 21. A. primary B. secondary C. high D. nursery 22. A. guarantee B. priority C. advantage D. permission 23. A. style B. approach C. content D. objective 24. A. obviously B. barely C. never D. initially 25. A. read B. compose C. discuss D. check 26. A. treat B. dilemma C. fantasy D. must 27. A. brave B. ignorant C. shy D. naughty 28. A. happens B. matters C. differs D. seems 29. A. inspired B. determined C. depressed D. puzzled 30. A. put aside B. held up C. hung onto D. given away 31. A. promise B. opportunity C. encounter D. exchange 32. A. express B. relay C. harbor D. miss 33. A. tells B. recalls C. demands D. expects 34. A. January B. February C. September D. December 35. A. uglier B. stronger C. closer D. smarter 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。叙述作者在情人节组织学生互送卡片的活动，展现了这一活动对学生自信心、班级氛围以及师生关系的积极影响，同时表达了作者对教育意义的深刻理解。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们给别人寄情人节贺卡，就像他们在小学时那样。A. primary初级的；B. secondary中级的；C. high高级的；D. nursery幼儿园的。根据后文“to be ten again”可知，回到10岁时，应是小学的时候。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到，没有哪个18岁的人在学校里会比被允许再当一次10岁孩子的人玩得更开心。A. guarantee保证；B. priority优先；C. advantage优势；D. permission许可。根据前文“as they did when they were in the 　　　　1　　　　 school.”可知，就像他们在小学时那样，所以是被允许再当一次10岁孩子。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：目标是写一些积极和真诚的东西给班上的每个人。A. style风格；B. approach方法；C. content内容；D. objective目标。根据后文“write something positive and sincere to everyone in the class.”可知，写一些积极和真诚的东西给班上的每个人，应是目标。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：即使对方是你几乎不认识的人，你也总能说些好听的话。A. obviously显然；B. barely几乎不；C. never从不；D. initially最初。根据后文“there’s always something nice to say. Admire their fashion sense or their skill at basketball. Remind them of something fun you remember about them.”可知，提醒他们一些你记得的关于他们的趣事，这应是对几乎不认识的人说的。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着他们撰写每条信息总是一种享受。A. read阅读；B. compose撰写；C. discuss讨论；D. check检查。根据前文“The 　　　　3　　　　 is to write something positive and sincere to everyone in the class.”可知，目标是写一些积极和真诚的东西给班上的每个人，所以应是他们撰写的每条信息。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着他们撰写每条信息总是一种享受。A. treat乐事；B. dilemma困境；C. fantasy幻想；D. must不可少东西。根据后文“I play a mix CD of oldies and Motown love songs, and the vibe (气氛) in the room is happy.”可知，作者看着他们撰写每条信息是一件乐事。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看着一个害羞的孩子试探性地打开卡片，然后露出灿烂的笑容，这一切都值得。A. brave勇敢的；B. ignorant无知的；C. shy害羞的；D. naughty淘气的。根据后文“tentatively open a card and then break into a big grin”可推知，试探性地打开卡片，应是一个害羞的孩子。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但浪漫很少，对我来说也不重要。A. happens发生；B. matters重要；C. differs不同；D. seems似乎。根据后文“There are far better measures of success.”可知，作者有更好的衡量成功的标准，所以浪漫很少对作者不重要。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三年前，一个名叫哈尔的男孩写信给我，说我是唯一一个注意到他几个月前抑郁的人，以及这对他有多么重要。A. inspired受启发的；B. determined坚定的；C. depressed抑郁的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据后文“and how much it had meant to him.”结合选项可知，应是“我是唯一一个注意到他几个月前抑郁的人，以及这对他有多么重要”之意，符合语境。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：以前的学生告诉我，他们会把情人节贺卡保存起来，有时在情绪低落的时候会把它们通读一遍。A. put aside搁置；B. held up举起；C. hung onto继续保留；D. given away赠送。根据后文“sometimes read through them when they’re feeling low.”可知，有时在情绪低落的时候会把它们通读一遍，所以是把情人节贺卡保存起来，情绪低落时读一遍。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：家长们发来电子邮件告诉我，情人节贺卡的交换在他们的孩子非常需要自信的时候增强了他们的自信。A. promise承诺；B. opportunity机会；C. encounter遭遇；D. exchange交换。根据前文“They send valentine cards to others”可知，是情人节贺卡的交换。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过20年的教学，我对学生能记住我教过的所有语法或词汇不抱什么希望。A. express表达；B. relay传递；C. harbor怀有；D. miss错过。根据后文“students will remember all of the grammar or vocabulary I taught them.”结合实际可知，应是对学生能记住老师教过的所有语法或词汇不抱什么希望。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果一个学生对我某节课的记忆仅仅是他们在很久以前的一个二月里收到的情人节卡片，那么对我来说，这一切都是值得的。A. tells告诉；B. recalls回忆；C. demands要求；D. expects期望。根据后文“the valentines they received one long-ago 　　　　14　　　　”可知，很久以前，应是回忆。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果一个学生对我某节课的记忆仅仅是他们在很久以前的一个二月里收到的情人节卡片，那么对我来说，这一切都是值得的。A. January一月；B. February二月；C. September九月；D. December十二月。根据前文“the valentines they received”可知，情人节日期是二月十四号，所以应是二月里收到的情人节卡片。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：近年来，我们居住的世界变得越来越丑陋。A. uglier更丑的；B. stronger更强的；C. closer更近的；D. smarter更聪明的。根据后文“If, for one day a year, I can help them turn all the division and stress off, if I can create an environment where they are intentionally kind to one another, then I count that as something to be proud of.”可知，作者假设能有一天创造美好和善良，推知，她认为我们居住的世界变得越来越丑陋。故选A项。 第二节 (共10题;每题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chengdu World University Games concluded on August 8 as the curtain ____36____ (raise) for the 15th National Fitness Day. This handover highlights the importance of both ____37____ (compete) sports and the general public’s ____38____ (pursue) of healthy lifestyles. ____39____ its focus on benefiting the public and promoting the sportsmanship, the Chengdu Universiade not just made dreams come true for athletes ____40____ inspired enthusiasm for wellness and sports. The sports spirit left behind by the event is sure to continue benefiting the public for years ____41____ (come). In recent decades, people across China ____42____ (participate) in a wide range of mass fitness activities to celebrate National Fitness Day. The data revealing more than 24,000 national fitness events were carried out across the country, with ____43____ number of participants estimated to exceed 6.5 million. According to the National Fitness Program, the general public will enjoy more convenient physical fitness services by 2025, with full ____44____ (cover) of fitness facilities in counties, towns, and villages within a 15-minute walk. The program is also to offer people professional advice and a science-based policy, ____45____ (perfect) athletic performance with a universal standard. 【答案】36. was raised 37. competitive 38. pursuit 39. With 40. but 41. to come 42. has participated 43. the 44. coverage 45. perfecting 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了成都世界大学生运动会与全民健身日的结合及其对公众健康生活方式的促进作用。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：成都世界大学生运动会于8月8日落幕，与此同时，第15个全国健身日的序幕拉开。空处是as引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据on August 8可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，且从句的主语the curtain与raise“举起，提升”为被动关系，从句用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was raised。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这次交接突出了竞技体育和公众追求健康生活方式的重要性。空处修饰名词sports，用形容词competitive“竞技的”，作定语。故填competitive。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：这次交接突出了竞技体育和公众追求健康生活方式的重要性。本空作of的宾语，结合空前“the general public’s”可知，应用名词pursuit“追求”。故填pursuit。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：成都大运会以惠及公众、弘扬体育精神为重点，不仅让运动员梦想成真，还激发了人们对健康和运动的热情。这里需要用介词，表示伴随状态，用介词with，符合题意，句首单词，首字母大写。故填With。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：成都大运会以惠及公众、弘扬体育精神为重点，不仅让运动员梦想成真，还激发了人们对健康和运动的热情。not just...but...“不但…… 而且……”为固定搭配，本空用连词but，符合题意。故填but。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这次赛事留下的体育精神肯定会在未来的岁月里继续造福公众。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，for years to come是固定短语，意为 “在未来的岁月里”，本空用come“到来”的不定式to come，作后置定语修饰years，表示 “即将到来的”。故填to come。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：近几十年来，中国各地的人们参与了广泛的群众健身活动来庆祝全民健身日。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语In recent decades可知，participate“参与”这一动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，时态应用现在完成时，主语people across China是复数，助动词用have。故填have participated。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：数据显示，全国开展了超过24,000项全民健身活动，参与人数估计超过650万。the number of...是固定短语，意为“……的数量”，这里表示参与者的数量，本空应填定冠词the。故填the。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：根据全民健身计划，到2025年，公众将享受到更便捷的健身服务，县、镇、村健身设施全覆盖，步行15分钟即可到达。本空作with的宾语，结合空前的形容词full可知应填名词，cover的名词形式是 coverage“覆盖”。故填coverage。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划还将为人们提供专业建议和科学政策，完善具有普遍标准的运动表现。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，perfect“完善”与逻辑主语the program之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用perfect的现在分词perfecting作状语。故填perfecting。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Jack为了让父母感受中国春节的氛围，就如何装饰家里更有“年” 味征求你的意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 感谢喜欢中国年； 2、如何装饰(不少于两点)； 3、你的祝福。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文述贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Jack, Thanks so much for your affection for the Spring Festival! And I am too willing to offer you some advice on decorating your home. To create the joyous atmosphere, you’d better integrate “red” into your decoration as it means “happiness”. Firstly, paste the red couplets on the doors and affix the red paper-cuttings to the windows. Sticking the character of fu is also a custom. Besides, after the cleaning, you can hang up the red lanterns to illuminate the inside and outside of the house. May you have a pleasant Chinese New Year and remember me to your parents! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你的笔友Jack为了让父母感受中国春节的氛围，就如何装饰家里更有“年”味而征求你的意见这一情况，给他写一封邮件。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提供：offer→ give 建议：advice → suggestion 此外：Besides→ What’s more 高兴的：pleasant→ happy 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Besides, after the cleaning, you can hang up the red lanterns to illuminate the inside and outside of the house. 拓展句：Besides, after the cleaning, you can hang up the red lanterns, which can illuminate the inside and outside of the house. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To create the joyous atmosphere, you’d better integrate “red” into your decoration as it means “happiness”.(运用了动词不定式作目的状语和as引导原因状语从句) 【高分句型2】Sticking the character of fu is also a custom.(运用了动名词作主语) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One morning, Molly handed me two bags. One regular lunch paper bag, and the one with staples (订书钉) and paperclips (回形针). “Why two bags?” “The other one is something else.” “What’s in it?” “Just some stuff. Take it with you.” I stuffed both bags into my briefcase (公文包), kissed the child and rushed off. At midday, while hurriedly swallowing down my real lunch, I tore open Molly’s bag and shook out the contents. Two hair ribbons, three small stones, a plastic dinosaur, a pencil, a tiny seashell, a marble, a used lipstick, a small doll, two chocolate bars and 13 pennies. I smiled. How charming! Rising to work, I swept the desk clean into the wastebasket — leftover lunch, Molly’s junk and all. There wasn’t anything in there I needed. That evening Molly came to stand beside me while I was reading the paper. “Where’s my bag?” “What bag?” “You know, the one I gave you this morning.” “I left it at the off ice. Why?” “I forgot to put this note in it.” She handed over the note. “Besides, I want it back.” “Why?” “Those are my things in the bag, Daddy, the ones I really like. I thought you might like to play with them, but now I want them back. You didn’t lose the bag, did you, Daddy?” Tears puddled in her eyes. “Oh, no, I just forgot to bring it home,” I lied. “Bring it tomorrow, okay?” As she hugged my neck with relief, I unfolded the note that had not gotten into the bag: “I love you, Daddy.” Oh. And uh-oh. I looked long at the face of my child. She had given me her treasures — all that a 7-year-old held dear. Love in a paper bag, and I had missed it — not only missed it, but had thrown it away because “there wasn’t anything in there I needed”. It wasn’t the f irst or the last time I felt ashamed wearing the title of father. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: It was a long trip back to the office. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: To my surprise, Molly gave the bag to me once again several days later. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: It was a long trip back to the office. I picked up the wastebasket and poured the contents on my desk. I was carefully sorting it all out. After removing the dirt off and spraying the whole thing with breath freshener to kill the smell of food, I carefully smoothed out the bag and put the treasures inside. I carried the whole thing home gingerly, like an injured kitten. That evening, I returned it to Molly. After dinner, I asked Molly to tell me about the stuff in the bag, and so she took it all out a piece at a time and placed the objects in a row on the dining room table. Everything had a story, a memory, or was attached to dreams and imaginary friends. I managed to say “I see” very wisely several times. And, as a matter of fact, I did see. To my surprise, Molly gave the bag to me once again several days later. The same bag and same stuff inside. I felt forgiven, and trusted and loved. And a little more comfortable wearing the title of father. Over several months, the bag with the note in went with me from time to time. In time Molly turned her attention to other things. She found other treasures, lost in new games, and grew up. I was left holding the bag. She gave it to me one morning and never asked for its return. And so I have it still. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者无意间忽视了女儿送给他的装满她喜欢的小物件的纸袋，并将其当作垃圾扔掉，直到女儿晚上询问时才意识到那是女儿送给他的珍贵礼物，里面包含了女儿对他的爱。作者对此感到羞愧，并意识到作为父亲，有时可能会忽视孩子表达爱的方式。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“回到办公室是一段漫长的旅程。”可知，第一段可描写作者为了弥补过错，找回并归还Molly纸袋的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“令我惊讶的是，几天后，Molly又把这个袋子给了我。”可知，第二段可描写Molly再次送给作者纸袋，以及作者长期保留这个纸袋的经历。 2.续写线索：把垃圾桶的东西倒在桌子上——整理——把袋子带回家——还给Molly——Molly说出关于每一个物品的故事——感到被原谅——带着纸袋——Molly找到其他游戏——作者一直留着纸袋 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①整理：sort out/straighten out ②带回家：carry home/take home ③注意力转移：turn one’s attention to/switch one’s attention to 情绪类 ①原谅：forgive/pardon ②信任：trust/believe in 【点睛】[高分句型1] After removing the dirt off and spraying the whole thing with breath freshener to kill the smell of food, I carefully smoothed out the bag and put the treasures inside. (由动名词作宾语) [高分句型2] And a little more comfortable wearing the title of father. (由现在分词作状语) 1-5: CACBB 6-10: CCCBA 11-15: BBCBA 16-20: CBBBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$