精品解析：江苏省南通市海安市2024-2025学年高三下学期开学英语试题

2025届高三第二学期期初学业质量监测 英语 注意事项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求 1、本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卷交回。 2、答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号用0. 5毫米黑色字迹签字笔填写在答题卷上。 3、请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号与你本人的是否相符。 4、作答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0. 5毫米的签字笔写在答题卷上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面的5段对话。每段对话后都有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What time does the woman want to leave the area by? A. 6 p. m. B. 7 p. m. C. 9 p. m. 2. What was the woman doing when the earthquake occurred? A. Driving. B. Telephoning. C. Sweeping the floor. 3. What is the woman telling the man? A. She won’t allow him to attend the concert. B. She will get him to watch the concert online. C. She has bought tickets to the concert for him. 4. What does the woman think about the contradiction? A. It is an error made by the poet. B. It is used to hint at the poem’s deeper thought. C. It is used to show the complex personality of poet. 5. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Place an order to buy the book online. B. Give her permission of borrowing a book. C. Allow her extra time to complete her work. 第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Hotel staff and guest. C. Waiter and customer. 7. Where must people stay unless told otherwise? A. In their rooms B. In the basement. C. In the restaurant. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. A school project. B. Medical discoveries. C. The importance of errors. 9. What was Dr. Joseph Lister famous for? A. Discovering how to prevent infections during surgery. B. Discovering the drug penicillin. C. Performing the first successful surgery. 10. How does the woman’s feeling change during the conversation? A. From amused to amazed. B. From disappointed to relieved. C. From indifferent to curious. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How to better communicate with foreigners. B. What to learn about other countries. C. When to travel abroad. 12. What does the man suggest people do to avoid misunderstanding? A. Be patient while communicating. B. Study different national policies. C. Learn about other countries’ cultures. 13. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Humorous. B. Curious. C. Grateful. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What was the weather like when the woman visited the theatre? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy. 15. Why did the woman choose to sit rather than stand? A. She wanted to stay with her mother. B. She thought it would be more fun. C. She thought the standing section was too expensive. 16. Which kind of Shakespeare’s plays does the woman generally prefer? A. Tragedies. B. Histories. C. Comedies. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker’s favorite famous explorer? A. Zheng He. B. Marco Polo. C. Ferdinand Magellan. 18. In what year was the speaker probably born? A. 1984. B. 1994. C. 2004. 19. Which branch of oceanography specializes in studying the bottom of the ocean? A. Physical. B. Geological. C. Biological. 20. Why did the speaker feel excited about his first mission? A. He saw a lot of sea creatures. B. He enjoyed the freedom at sea. C. He explored some sunken ships 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In history, economists have contributed greatly to the field of economics and changed society. Adam Smith (1723 — 1790) Adam Smith is best known for An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, one of the earliest and the most famous works on industry and commerce. Smith’s arguments against mercantilism (重商主义) and in favor of free trade were a challenge to much of the protectionism that was influential in the mid-18th century. Today, he’s often called “the father of modern economics”. In a globalized world, imagine how much slower life would be, had free, open trade not been encouraged. David Ricardo(1772 — 1823) Ricardo joined his father to work on the London Stock Exchange at the age of 14 and quickly became successful. After reading Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations, he took an interest in economics. Ricardo held the belief that nations should specialize for the greater good. He carried forward the argument against protectionism, and showed that landlords seizing wealth at the expense of laborers was not beneficial for society. Alfred Marshall (1842 — 1924) Marshall is credited with attempting to apply mathematics to economics to turn economics into more of a science than a philosophy. Despite his emphasis on math, Marshall spared no effort to make his work accessible to regular people; his Economics of Industry became widely used in England as a curriculum. He also spent almost 10 years working on the more scientific Principles of Economics, which proved to be his most important work. John Maynard Keynes(1883 — 1946) The six-foot-six Brit accepted a lectureship at Cambridge that was personally funded by Alfred Marshall, whose supply and demand curves were the basis for much of Keynes’ work. He is remembered for standing up for the government monetary policy to reduce the negative effects of economic depressions and booms. His influential work, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and money, advocated government intervention to promote consumption and investing. It particularly pushed to relieve the global Great Depression that was spreading at the time. 1. What did Adam Smith and David Ricardo have in common? A. Their arguments were thought highly of at that time. B. Their ideas laid a foundation for the modern economics. C. They were opposed to the then-influential protectionism. D. They thought mercantilism slowed the social development. 2. How was Alfred Marshall different from the other economists? A He focused on practical applications. B. He made economics more scientific. C. He designed a university curriculum. D. He wrote many works on economics. 3. What is John Maynard Keynes most famous for? A. Developing supply and demand curves. B. Restricting consumption and investment. C. Working out government monetary policy. D. Facilitating the relief of economic depressions. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四位著名的经济学家及其对经济学领域和社会的巨大贡献。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Adam Smith部分“Smith’s arguments against mercantilism and in favor of free trade were a challenge to much of the protectionism that was influential in the mid-18th century.(史密斯反对重商主义、支持自由贸易的观点，对18世纪中期颇具影响力的保护主义构成了挑战)”和David Ricardo部分“He carried forward the argument against protectionism, and showed that landlords seizing wealth at the expense of laborers was not beneficial for society.(他发扬了反对保护主义的观点，并指出地主以牺牲劳动者为代价夺取财富对社会是不利的)”可知，Adam Smith和David Ricardo都反对保护主义。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Alfred Marshall部分“Marshall is credited with attempting to apply mathematics to economics to turn economics into more of a science than a philosophy.(马歇尔试图将数学应用于经济学，使经济学更像是一门科学，而不是一门哲学)”可知，Marshall尝试将数学应用于经济学，使经济学更像是一门科学。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据John Maynard Keynes部分“He is remembered for standing up for the government monetary policy to reduce the negative effects of economic depressions and booms.(人们记得他支持政府的货币政策，以减少经济萧条和繁荣的负面影响)”可知，Keynes以倡导政府采用货币政策来减少经济衰退和繁荣的负面影响而出名。故选D。 B When my son started preschool, I realized he was different. Almost every morning at drop-off, he would hold on to my leg until I could free myself and run away feeling guilty. I soon learned that he spent most days with his head on his desk, refusing to speak or make eye contact with anyone. However, he had no problem speaking at home, which puzzled me. It wasn’t long before he was diagnosed with selective mutism (SM), a rare form of anxiety characterized by the inability to speak in certain situations. For a child like him, school and other social situations can be especially stressful, which explained why my son didn’t want me to leave him there. I went into full mama bear mode. Each year, 1 wrote a detailed email to his classroom teacher before the start of school, giving them information on how to deal with him in class. But in a large public school, with nearly 40 kids per class and only one counselor (顾问) to deal with everything, my emails often went ignored, and my son rarely received the support he needed. And when I turned to the administration, they suggested we find another school. However, my son begged me to keep him in the same school with his older sister, insisting if he had to go to school, he liked knowing she was in the building. Against our better judgment, we decided to trust him and let him lead. To our surprise, his competitive nature made him a determined student, and his grades reflected his effort. Because of his spirit, I became a positive advocate for him, so did his fourth-grade teacher. After constant efforts, we came up with solutions that met the curriculum within his level of comfort. Now, he is still a little nervous about school, but I’m less anxious knowing he has the tools and the support he needs to cope. He feels empowered to email his teachers and ask for help outside of class. He’s playing soccer with a team of boys he calls his “friends”. And for the first time in a long time, he let go of my leg, waved goodbye and walked into the school building to face the day. 4. What caused the author to realize that her son was special? A. His unwillingness to obey rules. B. His abnormal behaviors at school. C. His inability to speak to strangers. D. His guilt about being overly depended. 5. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. The teachers overlooked those emails and were reluctant to help the boy. B. A sense of security from the sister made the boy refuse to change schools. C. The full mama bear mode was an effective approach to the boy’s problem. D. The administration was fully cooperative in addressing the author’s concerns. 6. What is the key factor of the son’s progress? A. The transfer of his school. B. The company of his family. C. The inner drive of the boy. D. The support of the teachers. 7. What message does the story seem to convey? A. A mother’s love is eternal. B. Misfortunes never come singly. C. Chances always favor those who are prepared. D. When the going gets tough, the tough get going. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者儿子被诊断患有选择性缄默症，在学校面临困境，最终在自身努力和各方支持下取得进步的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Almost every morning at drop off, he would hold on to my leg until I could free myself and run away feeling guilty. I soon learned that he spent most days with his head on his desk, refusing to speak or make eye contact with anyone. However, he had no problem speaking at home, which puzzled me.(几乎每天早上送他上学时，他都会紧紧抱住我的腿，直到我挣脱开，然后我会心怀愧疚地跑开。我很快了解到，他大部分时间都把头趴在桌子上，拒绝和任何人说话或进行眼神交流。然而，他在家里说话却毫无问题，这让我很困惑)”可知，作者儿子在学校的异常行为让作者意识到他与众不同。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“And when I turned to the administration, they suggested we find another school. However, my son begged me to keep him in the same school with his older sister, insisting if he had to go to school, he liked knowing she was in the building.(当我向行政部门求助时，他们建议我们找另一所学校。然而，我儿子恳求我让他和他姐姐在同一所学校，坚持说如果他必须上学，他喜欢知道姐姐在这栋楼里)”可知，儿子想要跟姐姐在同一所学校读书，拒绝换校。由此推知，姐姐带来的安全感让男孩拒绝换学校。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“To our surprise, his competitive nature made him a determined student, and his grades reflected his effort.(令我们惊讶的是，他的竞争天性使他成为一名有决心的学生，他的成绩反映了他的努力)”可知，男孩的竞争天性，即他的内在动力是他取得进步的关键因素。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第四段中“To our surprise, his competitive nature made him a determined student, and his grades reflected his effort.(令我们惊讶的是，他的竞争天性使他成为一名有决心的学生，他的成绩反映了他的努力)”和最后一段“Now, he is still a little nervous about school, but I’m less anxious knowing he has the tools and the support he needs to cope. He feels empowered to email his teachers and ask for help outside of class. He’s playing soccer with a team of boys he calls his ‘friends’. And for the first time in a long time, he let go of my leg, waved goodbye and walked into the school building to face the day.(现在，他仍然对学校有点紧张，但知道他有应对所需的方法和支持，我就没那么焦虑了。他有信心给老师发邮件并在课外寻求帮助。他正在和一群他称之为“朋友”的男孩一起踢足球。很长时间以来，他第一次松开我的腿，挥手告别，然后走进学校大楼去迎接新的一天)”可知，男孩患有选择性缄默症，在学校面临诸多困难，但他凭借自身的努力和决心取得了进步。由此推知，这哥故事体现了“When the going gets tough, the tough get going.(当生活艰难时，强者会勇往直前)”的道理。故选D项。 C In 1995, Larry Page, a young computer student at Stanford University, listed about 10 ideas for the subject of his dissertation (学位论文). He ultimately chose the option concerning charting the hyperlinks between sites, which later permanently changed the way we navigate (浏览) the Internet and earned Page around $100 billion. Research shows that people rarely assess the value of their own ideas accurately. This means we often fail to see the potential in our best ideas, leading us to abandon them and waste time on less promising ventures. Fortunately, these studies also suggest some clever ways to avoid making this mistake. One insightful study comes from Professor Justin Berg. In his experiments, he asked participants to invent new products or services. The participants first brainstormed a list of ideas, which they ranked in order of preference, after which they were given more time to develop their concepts. A team of independent judges then rated the quality of the final designs. Berg found that in general, the participants preferred the concepts that were the most concrete and which initially appeared to be the easiest to apply. This meant that they often overlooked slightly more abstract ideas that were not immediately practical. With development, however, the potential uses of the abstract ideas soon became apparent-leading them to be more popular with the independent judges. As Berg’s results show, we may be consistently missing out on our best ideas. One way to improve our judgments may be to encourage the right kind of reflective thinking. Berg, for instance, found he could improve participants’ forecasts by asking them to justify why they had chosen their rankings. With extra thought, an abstract idea that initially appeared less promising will begin to gain substance and might soon start to seem more exciting. We may never know what made Larry Page leave his other ideas, but the above technique can help us identify the projects with the greatest potential. We can pick out the gold from the debris (碎片) of our creativity and never risk wasting a trillion-dollar idea. 8. Why does the author mention Larry Page in paragraph 1? A. To prove that promising ideas can bring enormous wealth B. To tell us that Berg’s study is based on Page’s dissertation. C. To show the importance of identifying the most brilliant idea D. To emphasize his contribution to the development of the Internet. 9. What did Berg’s experiments reveal about the participants? A. They favored abstract ideas over concrete ones. B. They tended to choose ideas with great potential. C. They often neglected less practical ideas initially. D. They took the judges’ preferences into consideration. 10. How can we improve our judgments according to the text? A. Ranking the ideas at random. B. Appreciating the ideas of others. C. Looking at the positive side of an option. D. Exploring the motivations behind our choices. 11. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. How to Identify Truly Great Ideas B. Why We Are Poor Decision-Makers C. Why Our Brain Favors the Concrete D. How to Choose a Promising Paper Topic 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要通过Larry Page的例子引出人们往往不能准确评估自己想法的价值这一现象，介绍了Berg的相关实验及结果，并提出了避免这一问题的方法。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“He ultimately chose the option concerning charting the hyperlinks between sites, which later permanently changed the way we navigate (浏览) the Internet and earned Page around $100 billion. (他最终选择了将网站间的超链接绘制成图表，这一做法后来永久性地改变了我们浏览互联网的方式，并为Page带来了大约1000亿美元的收入。)”提到Larry Page最终选择的想法彻底改变了人们浏览互联网的方式并为他带来了巨额财富，结合第二段“Research shows that people rarely assess the value of their own ideas accurately. (研究表明，人们很少能准确地评估自己想法的价值。)”可推知，作者提及Larry Page 是为了说明识别最具价值的想法的重要性。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Berg found that in general, the participants preferred the concepts that were the most concrete and which initially appeared to be the easiest to apply. This meant that they often overlooked slightly more abstract ideas that were not immediately practical. (Berg发现，总的来说，参与者更喜欢那些最具体的概念，那些最初看起来最容易应用的概念。这意味着他们经常会忽略一些抽象的想法，而这些想法并不能立即付诸实践。)”可知，Berg的实验揭示了参与者通常更喜欢最具体、最初看起来最容易应用的概念，往往忽略了那些不太实用的抽象想法。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“One way to improve our judgments may be to encourage the right kind of reflective thinking. Berg, for instance, found he could improve participants’ forecasts by asking them to justify why they had chosen their rankings. (提高我们判断能力的一种方法可能是鼓励正确的反思性思维。例如，Berg发现，他可以通过让参与者解释为什么选择自己的排名来提高他们的预测。)” 可推知，通过思考自己选择背后的动机，即进行正确的反思性思考，可以提高我们的判断力。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Research shows that people rarely assess the value of their own ideas accurately. This means we often fail to see the potential in our best ideas, leading us to abandon them and waste time on less promising ventures. Fortunately, these studies also suggest some clever ways to avoid making this mistake. (研究表明，人们很少能准确地评估自己想法的价值。这意味着我们经常看不到我们最好的想法的潜力，导致我们放弃它们，把时间浪费在不太有希望的冒险上。幸运的是，这些研究也提出了一些避免犯这个错误的聪明方法。)”可知，文章围绕人们难以准确评估自己想法的价值展开，介绍了相关研究及提高判断力、识别最有潜力想法的方法，A 选项“如何识别真正伟大的想法”符合文意，适合作为文章的标题。故选A。 D The gut ecosystem in the first few years of our lives is key to a lifetime of good health. The condition of the infant microbiome (微生物群系) can particularly be related to the risk of diseases years later including malnutrition and diabetes. Thus, controlling the types of bacteria in the infant gut could help control disease risk and have long-term health benefits. The team, led by Kana Yahagi, a microbiologist at Yakult Central Institute in Tokyo, Japan, is seeking to decode the genetic and metabolic (代谢的) mechanisms behind how the microbiome in the infant gut develops in critical stages of life by following a group of individuals over long periods, starting from birth. In 2016, researchers at Yakult Central Institute showed for the first time the genetic mechanism behind the transformation over the first month after birth and found that a strain (菌株) of the beneficial bacteria - Bifidobacterium - unique to infants effectively used the sugars in breast milk. The strain has a gene responsible for producing proteins that import oligosaccharides from breast milk into the bacteria, where they are broken down and transformed into energy. In a follow-up study on the same people in 2021, the researchers analyzed faecal (粪便的) samples of healthy breast-fed infants over the first two years of their lives. They found that the infant microbiome developed in three stages, each dominated by a different group of bacteria: the first by Enterobacterales, the second by Bifidobacteriales and the third by Clostridiales. The discovery that all infants underwent these changes was unexpected, given the diversity in the adult microbiome, says Yahagi. However, the timing of the second stage, when Bifidobacteriales became dominant, varied among infants. Some made the switch within several days after birth, but others only changed after six months. “There’s likely a time window in which infants should have certain types of microorganisms in their gut,” says Naoki Tsukuda, a microbiologist at Yakult Central Institute. “Maturing too late, or too early, both appear to increase disease risk. But what causes the individual differences? We still have no idea now.” 12. What does the second paragraph talk about concerning the study? A. The purpose. B. The process. C. The practical application. D. The background information. 13. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in paragraph 3? A. Oligosaccharides. B. Bacteria. C. Proteins. D. Genes. 14. What can we learn about the follow-up study? A. The researchers made the discovery through sample analysis. B. Every infant microbiome developed in three stages as expected. C. The dominance of Bifidobacteriales occurred simultaneously in infants. D. A strain of the beneficial bacteria unique to infants was found for the first time. 15. What may further research about infants microbiome focus on? A. The diversity of microorganisms. B. The benefits of breast milk to the gut ecosystem. C. The exploration of more stages dominated by bacteria D. The reasons for the different timing of the second stage. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究人员对于婴儿肠道微生物群系的研究，包括其与健康的关系、发展阶段以及研究发现和待解决的问题等。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The team, led by Kana Yahagi, a microbiologist at Yakult Central Institute in Tokyo, Japan, is seeking to decode the genetic and metabolic (代谢的) mechanisms behind how the microbiome in the infant gut develops in critical stages of life by following a group of individuals over long periods, starting from birth.( 由日本东京养乐多中央研究所（Yakult Central Institute）的微生物学家Kana Yahagi领导的研究小组，正试图通过长期跟踪一组个体，从出生开始，破解婴儿肠道微生物群在生命关键阶段发育背后的遗传和代谢机制。)”可知，该团队试图通过长期跟踪一组从出生开始的个体，来解码婴儿肠道微生物群落在生命关键阶段发展背后的遗传和代谢机制，这是在说明研究的目的。故选A项。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“The strain has a gene responsible for producing proteins that import oligosaccharides from breast milk into the bacteria, where they are broken down and transformed into energy.( 这种菌株有一种基因，负责产生蛋白质，将母乳中的低聚糖输入细菌，在那里它们被分解并转化为能量。)”可知，they指代的是前面提到的“oligosaccharides”，即低聚糖被从母乳中导入细菌后，在细菌中被分解并转化为能量。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In a follow-up study on the same people in 2021, the researchers analyzed faecal samples of healthy breast - fed infants over the first two years of their lives.( 在2021年对这些人进行的一项后续研究中，研究人员分析了健康母乳喂养婴儿在他们生命的头两年里的粪便样本。)” 可知，研究人员是通过分析粪便样本进行后续研究的。故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““There’s likely a time window in which infants should have certain types of microorganisms in their gut,” says Naoki Tsukuda, a microbiologist at Yakult Central Institute. “Maturing too late, or too early, both appear to increase disease risk. But what causes the individual differences? We still have no idea now.”(养乐多中心研究所（Yakult Central Institute）的微生物学家Naoki Tsukuda说：“婴儿的肠道中可能存在某种类型的微生物。”“成熟得太迟或太早，似乎都增加了患病风险。但是是什么导致了个体差异呢？我们现在还不知道。”)”可知，目前还不知道婴儿肠道微生物群落第二阶段时间差异的原因，所以后续研究可能会集中在这方面。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When education fails to keep pace with technology, the result is inequality. Without the skills to stay useful as innovations arrive, workers suffer. ____16____ That fundamental insight seized reformers in the Industrial Revolution, boosting state-funded universal schooling. The combination of education and innovation, spread over decades, led to a remarkable flowering of prosperity. Today, robotics and artificial intelligence call for another education revolution. However, this time, working lives are so lengthy and fast-changing that simply adding more schooling at the start is not enough. People must also be able to acquire new skills throughout their careers. Lifelong learning starts at school. As a rule, education should not be narrowly vocational (职业的) ____17____ A focus on “thinking about one’s thinking” will make them better at picking up skills later in life. The market is innovating to offer employees chances to. learn and earn in new ways. Providers are building businesses on the promise of boosting and restarting careers. Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have shifted away from lectures on Plato or black holes in favour of courses that make their students more employable. ____18____ Companies can also encourage their staff to learn. AT&T, a telecoms firm wanting to equip its workforce with digital skills spends $30m a year on paying employees’ tuition costs. ____19____ This is particularly useful for workers in small firms or the self-employed, for whom company-provided training is unlikely. A union-run training programme in Britain has support from political parties on the right and left. If new ways of learning are to help those who need them most, policymakers should be aiming for something far more fundamental or extensive. Governments have a vital role — not just by spending more, but also by spending wisely. One way is for citizens to receive vouchers (抵用券) that they can use to pay for training. ____20____ It has given money to everyone over 25 to spend on any of the 500 approved courses. A. Singapore has such “individual learning accounts”. B. The importance of lifelong learning cannot be overstated. C. And if enough of them fall behind, society starts to fall apart. D. The curriculum needs to teach children how to study and think. E. Besides, trade unions can play a useful role as organizers of lifelong learning. F. Universities enable workers to improve their skills by offering degrees online. G. However, companies should not rely only on trade unions for employee training. 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了教育应与时俱进，如今机器人技术和人工智能要求开展教育革命，强调终身学习的重要性，并提出了一些实现终身学习的途径和建议。 【16题详解】 上文“When education fails to keep pace with technology, the result is inequality. Without the skills to stay useful as innovations arrive, workers suffer.(当教育跟不上技术的发展时，结果就是不平等。随着创新的到来，没有保持自身技能实用性的工人会受苦)”指出教育落后导致工人受苦，C选项“And if enough of them fall behind, society starts to fall apart.(如果有足够多的人落后，社会就会开始瓦解)”进一步说明如果大量工人因教育问题落后，会对社会造成严重后果，与上文构成递进关系，符合逻辑。故选C项。 【17题详解】 上文“As a rule, education should not be narrowly vocational(一般来说，教育不应该过于狭隘地职业化)”强调教育不应局限于职业，D选项“The curriculum needs to teach children how to study and think.(课程需要教孩子们如何学习和思考)”指出课程应注重培养学习和思考能力，与上文提到的教育不应狭隘职业化相呼应，且后文“A focus on “thinking about one’s thinking” will make them better at picking up skills later in life.(关注‘思考自己的思考方式’将使他们在以后的生活中更善于学习技能)”也说明了培养思考能力的重要性，上下文逻辑连贯。故选D项。 【18题详解】 上文“Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have shifted away from lectures on Plato or black holes in favour of courses that make their students more employable.(大规模开放在线课程(MOOCs)已经从关于柏拉图或黑洞的讲座转向了让学生更具就业能力的课程)”提到在线课程的转变，F选项“Universities enable workers to improve their skills by offering degrees online.(大学通过提供在线学位让工人提高技能)”进一步说明大学通过在线方式帮助工人提升技能，与上文关于在线学习的内容相契合，都是在阐述通过新的方式帮助人们提升技能以适应就业。故选F项。 【19题详解】 上文“Companies can also encourage their staff to learn. AT&T, a telecoms firm wanting to equip its workforce with digital skills spends $30m a year on paying employees’ tuition costs.(公司也可以鼓励员工学习。美国电话电报公司(AT&T)是一家电信公司，它想让员工具备数字技能，每年要花3000万美元支付员工的学费)”举例说明公司可以为员工提供培训，E选项“Besides, trade unions can play a useful role as organizers of lifelong learning.(此外，工会可以作为终身学习的组织者发挥有益作用)”与上文构成并列关系，介绍了另一种培训方式：工会组织培训。下文“This is particularly useful for workers in small firms or the self employed, for whom company provided training is unlikely.(这对小公司的员工或个体经营者特别有用，因为他们不太可能获得公司提供的培训)”进一步说明工会培训的优势，是对公司培训模式的补充，上下文逻辑连贯。故选E项。 【20题详解】 上文“Governments have a vital role-not just by spending more, but also by spending wisely. One way is for citizens to receive vouchers (抵用券) that they can use to pay for training.(政府扮演着至关重要的角色——不仅要增加支出，还要明智地支出。一种方法是让公民获得可以用来支付培训费用的抵用券)”提出一种政府促进学习的方式，A选项“Singapore has such “individual learning accounts”.(新加坡有这样的‘个人学习账户’)”举例说明新加坡有类似的做法，即通过“个人学习账户”让公民有资金用于培训，与上文提到的抵用券方式类似，是对上文的举例说明。故选A项。 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One winter evening, I was driving home through a snowstorm. Suddenly, I noticed a vehicle ____21____ me. I found it somewhat disturbing, but I didn’t give it much thought. Then, without warning, my tyre burst with a(n) ____22____ bang! I wrestled with the steering wheel to maintain ____23____ and carefully pulled off the road, my heart pounding. I ____24____ on my hazard lights, hoping for assistance. To my astonishment, the car behind me also ____25____. A man swiftly emerged from the driver’s seat. He came over to my car and inquired if I was unharmed. Still in a state of shock, I nodded ____26____. Without a moment’s hesitation, he got down to ____27____. He took out a spare ____28____ from my trunk and began the task of replacing the ____29____ one. Despite the terrible weather, he worked with remarkable precision and _____30_____. Once he had finished, he _____31_____ his hands on a cloth and remarked, “I was planning to _____32_____ two kilometres back. But something about that tyre seemed _____33_____ to me. I’m glad I decided to follow you along the way. You never know what might happen on a night like this.” I was overwhelmed with gratitude. I thanked him sincerely but he just smiled _____34_____ and said, “No problem. Just be careful out there.” He got back into his car and drove away, leaving me with a profound sense of _____35_____ for his selflessness. As I continued my journey, the snow continued to fall, but the road seemed a little less daunting. 21. A. stopping B. tailing C. screaming D. dismissing 22. A. amazing B. eye-catching C. deafening D. wide-ranging 23. A. control B. speed C. energy D. level 24. A. leaned B. pointed C. bounced D. switched 25. A. pulled down B. took over C. pulled over D. got down 26. A. literally B. weakly C. definitely D. vigorously 27. A. business B. chores C. ground D. reality 28. A. seat B. wheel C. light D. tyre 29. A. flat B. solid C. odd D. repaired 30. A. outlook B. fantasy C. efficiency D. vitality 31. A. shook B. wiped C. wrapped D. clapped 32. A. flee B. exit C. flash D. slide 33. A. off B. in C. out D. down 34. A. rigidly B. scarcely C. exclusively D. modestly 35. A. permission B. anticipation C. competence D. admiration 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在暴风雪之夜驾车途中车胎突然爆裂，后面一直跟随的车辆司机主动停车帮忙更换轮胎，作者对其无私善举心怀深深敬意。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个冬天的晚上，我在暴风雪中开车回家。突然，我注意到一辆车在跟踪我。A. stopping停止；B. tailing跟踪；C. screaming尖叫；D. dismissing解雇。根据后文“I found it somewhat disturbing”可知，作者觉得这辆车的存在让自己不安，由此可推知这辆车一直在跟着作者，也就是“跟踪”作者。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词（短语）词义辨析。句意：然后，毫无预兆地，我的轮胎砰地一声爆了，声音震耳欲聋！A. amazing令人惊奇的；B. eye catching引人注目的；C. deafening震耳欲聋的；D. wide ranging广泛的。前文提到车胎“burst (爆裂)”，结合生活常识，车胎爆裂时发出的声音是非常大的，足以让人感觉震耳欲聋。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我用力握住方向盘以保持控制，然后小心地把车停到路边，我的心怦怦直跳。A. control控制；B. speed速度；C. energy能量；D. level水平。前文描述车胎突然爆裂，结合“I wrestled with the steering wheel”可知，在这种突发情况下，作者肯定要努力控制住车辆，避免发生危险，“maintain control”即保持对车辆的控制。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打开危险警示灯，希望得到帮助。A. leaned倾斜；B. pointed指向；C. bounced反弹；D. switched切换，打开。根据前文“carefully pulled off the road”作者把车停在了路边，结合常识和后文“on my hazard lights”可推知，车出现故障停在路边后，要打开危险警示灯；“switch on”是打开电器、灯光等的常用表达。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我后面的车也停了下来。A. pulled down拉下；B. took over接管；C. pulled over靠边停车；D. got down下来。根据后文“He came over to my car”可知，后面的车也停了下来，而且司机来到了作者的车旁。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我仍然处于震惊状态，无力地点了点头。A. literally确实地；B. weakly虚弱地，无力地；C. definitely肯定地；D. vigorously精力充沛地。根据前文“my heart pounding”和“Still in a state of shock”可知，作者车胎爆裂，受到了惊吓，处于震惊状态，在这种情况下点头应该是虚弱无力的。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他毫不犹豫地开始动手干起来。A. business事务，工作；B. chores家务杂事；C. ground地面；D. reality现实。前文司机询问作者是否受伤，在得到回应后，根据后文“He took out a spare 8 from my trunk and began the task of replacing the 9 one.”可知，陌生人马上开始帮作者换轮胎，也就是开始着手处理这件事；get down to business意为“开始干正事，着手工作”。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从我的后备箱里拿出一个备用轮胎，开始更换爆了的那个。A. seat座位；B. wheel轮子；C. light灯；D. tyre轮胎。前文明确提到“my tyre burst”，车胎爆了，所以司机从后备箱拿出的应该是备用轮胎来进行更换。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他从我的后备箱里拿出一个备用轮胎，开始更换爆了的那个。A. flat瘪的，爆了的；B. solid固体的；C. odd奇怪的；D. repaired修复的。根据前文“my tyre burst”可知，作者的车胎爆裂，所以要更换的就是瘪了的轮胎。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管天气恶劣，他工作起来却非常精确和高效。A. outlook前景；B. fantasy幻想；C. efficiency效率；D. vitality活力。根据前文“Despite the terrible weather”和后文司机很快完成了换胎工作可推知，虽然天气恶劣，但他工作很有效率。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他干完后，用一块布擦了擦手，说：“我本来打算在两公里前就下公路的。”A. shook摇晃；B. wiped擦；C. wrapped包裹；D. clapped鼓掌。换轮胎是一项脏活，结合后文“his hands on a cloth”可推知，换完轮胎后他用一块布擦手。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他干完后，用一块布擦了擦手，说：“我本来打算在两公里前就下公路的。”A. flee逃离；B. exit离开，退出；这里指离开公路；C. flash闪烁；D. slide滑动。根据前文“I was planning to”和后文“I’m glad I decided to follow you along the way.”可知，司机原本打算在两公里前就离开当前行驶的公路，但为了作者的安全所以一路跟了过来。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但那个轮胎好像有点不对劲。A. off不对的，状态不如平常好的；B. in在里面的；C. out熄灭的；D. down在低处的。根据前文“something about that tyre...”和后文“You never know what might happen on a night like this.”可推知，司机很早就发现车胎情况有异常，不对劲。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我真诚地感谢他，但他只是谦虚地笑了笑，说：“没关系。路上小心。”A. rigidly僵硬地；B. scarcely几乎不；C. exclusively专门地；D. modestly谦虚地。作者对司机的帮助表示感谢，根据前文“he just smiled”可推知，而司机只是简单回应且微笑，没有居功自傲，体现出他的谦虚。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他回到自己的车上开走了，留给我对他无私精神的深深敬佩。A. permission允许；B. anticipation期待；C. competence能力；D. admiration敬佩。前文描述司机在恶劣天气下主动停车，无私地帮助作者更换轮胎，这种行为让作者对他产生了深深的敬佩之情。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The UNESCO added the Spring Festival, social practices of the Chinese people in celebration of the traditional New Year to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) of Humanity on December 4, 2024. The Spring Festival, a signature part of Chinese culture, is one of the most important festivals ____36____ (practice) in China and around the world. The listing of the Spring Festival as an ICH is an acknowledgment of not only its Chinese roots but also the ideas ____37____ carries that connect all humanity. The Spring Festival bears Chinese people’s pursuit of peace and harmony, ____38____ (promote) best wishes for the future and proves the common values of humanity such as social ____39____ (include) and a sound relationship between man and nature. Spring Festival puts family ____40____ its core. The Chinese cherish family and the strong bonds among family members, and extend this ____41____ (affect) to the community and the nation and beyond. That’s ____42____ each Spring Festival, millions of people start the journey home, creating the greatest human migration on Earth. ____43____ (give) full play to family gatherings, feasts, and various cultural activities, celebrations for the Spring Festival last for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. Spring Festival food traditions contribute a great deal to the culture of Chinese cuisine. From dumplings to sticky rice cakes, from fried meatballs to braised fish, and ____44____ (geography) from north to the south, all dishes carry the best blessings for people’s loved ones during the Spring Festival. Many of the celebrations and events that _____45_____ (pass) down from generation to generation so far are kept in China, Asia and beyond. 【答案】36. practiced 37 it 38. promotes 39. inclusion 40. at 41. affection 42. why 43. To give 44. geographically 45. have been passed 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2024年12月4日春节被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，阐述了春节的意义、核心等相关内容。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：春节是中国文化的标志性组成部分，是在中国和世界各地庆祝的最重要的节日之一。“(practice) in China and around the world”作后置定语，practice(实行；从事某种活动)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语festivals之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填practiced。 【37题详解】 考查代词。句意：春节被列为非物质文化遗产，不仅是对其中国根源的认可，也是对它所承载的连接全人类的理念的认可。“____ carries”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the ideas，指物，“that connect all humanity”也是定语从句，同样修饰the ideas，在第一个定语从句中作carries的宾语，故从句缺少主语，根据句意，指代前文提到的the Spring Festival，故用代词it。故填it。it。故填。 【38题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：春节承载着中国人民对和平与和谐的追求，传递着对未来的美好祝愿，证明了人类的共同价值观，如社会包容以及人与自然的和谐关系。提示词promote(推广；推动)和谓语动词bears、proves是并列关系，作谓语，与主语The Spring Festival谓语之间是主动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语是专有名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填promotes。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：春节承载着中国人民对和平与和谐的追求，传递着对未来的美好祝愿，证明了人类的共同价值观，如社会包容以及人与自然的和谐关系。提示词在such as后，和名词短语“a sound relationship between man and nature”并列，用名词inclusion作宾语，意为“包容”，不可数名词。故填inclusion。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：春节以家庭为核心。put...at one’s core是固定短语，意为“以……为核心”。故填at。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：中国人珍视家庭和家庭成员之间的紧密联系，并将这种情感延伸到社区、国家乃至更广泛的范围。提示词在动词extend后作宾语，用名词affection，意为“情感”，不可数名词。故填affection。 【42题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么每年春节，数百万人踏上回家的旅程，创造了地球上最大规模的人类迁徙。“ each Spring Festival, millions of people start the journey home”是表语从句，结合句意，表示“这就是为什么……”，应用连接副词why引导该表语从句，在从句中作原因状语。故填why。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了充分发挥家庭聚会、盛宴和各种文化活动的作用，春节庆祝活动持续15天，以元宵节结束。“(give) full play to family gatherings, feasts, and various cultural activities”是“celebrations for the Spring Festival last for 15 days...”的目的，give full play(充分发挥)是非谓语动词，用不定式作目的状语。故填To give。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：从饺子到年糕，从炸肉丸到红烧鱼，从地理上来说从北到南，所有的菜肴都承载着人们在春节期间对亲人最美好的祝福。提示词修饰介词短语“from north to the south”，用副词geographically作状语，意为“在地理上”。故填geographically。 【45题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，许多代代相传的庆祝活动和事件在中国、亚洲以及其他地区都得以保留。pass(传递)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语that(即先行词Many of the celebrations and events)之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“so far”可知，讲述从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，助动词使用have。故填have been passed。 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 2025年1月20日，国产人工智能大模型DeepSeek正式发布。假定你是李华，你校的科创社团打算在今年第一次活动中就这一话题进行研讨。请你写一封邮件给美国朋友Frank，邀请他参加这次活动。内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动安排。 要求： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 Dear Frank, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, LiHua 【答案】Dear Frank, Our school’s science and technology innovation club is planning its first activity this year, which focuses on the newly released domestic AI large model DeepSeek on January 20, 2025. The purpose is to explore its features and potential impacts, and we believe it will offer a great chance to understand the latest advancements in AI technology. The activity will start with a brief introduction, followed by group discussions. Finally, we’ll share conclusions. We sincerely invite you to join us. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于邀请信。要求考生给美国朋友Frank写邮件，邀请他参加学校科创社团关于国产人工智能大模型DeepSeek的研讨活动。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 专注于：focus on → concentrate on 新发布的：newly released → newly launched 机会：chance → opportunity 真诚地：sincerely → earnestly 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The activity will start with a brief introduction, followed by group discussions. 拓展句：The activity will start with a brief introduction, which is followed by group discussions. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Our school’s science and technology innovation club is planning its first activity this year, which focuses on the newly released domestic AI large model DeepSeek on January 20, 2025. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句) 【高分句型2】The purpose is to explore its features and potential impacts, and we believe it will offer a great chance to understand the latest advancements in AI technology. (运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句) 【高分句型3】The activity will start with a brief introduction, followed by group discussions. (运用了过去分词作伴随状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a chilly autumn morning when Emma first noticed the old man sitting on the park bench. He was always there, rain or shine, feeding the pigeons with a bag of breadcrumbs. Emma, a high school senior, often passed by the park on her way to school. She had seen him many times but never paid much attention. However, that morning, something about his lonely figure caught her eye. Emma was a busy student, juggling schoolwork, extracurricular activities, and college applications. But something inside her urged her to stop and talk to the old man. She hesitated for a moment, then walked over and sat down beside him. “Good morning,” she said with a warm smile. The old man looked up, surprised. “Good morning,” he replied, his voice soft but kind. They started talking, and Emma learned that his name was Mr. Thompson. He had been living alone since his wife passed away a few years ago. The park had become his sanctuary, a place where he could find peace and companionship with the birds. As the days went by, Emma made it a habit to stop by the park and chat with Mr. Thompson. She discovered that he had a wealth of stories to share: tales of his youth, his travels, and his love for music-when in college, he had been a solo. singer. In return, Emma shared her dreams and aspirations, and Mr. Thompson offered her wisdom and encouragement. One day, Emma brought her violin to the park. She played a beautiful melody, and Mr. Thompson’s eyes lit up with joy. “That was wonderful,” he said, clapping his hands. “You have a gift, Emma. Never stop pursuing your passion.” Their friendship grew stronger with each passing day. Emma realized that in reaching out to Mr. Thompson, she had not only brought joy to his life but also found a source of inspiration and strength for herself. Gradually her musical talent attracted more and more residents in the neighborhood. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 One evening, Emma received an invitation to perform in a local concert held by their community. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Backstage, Emma noticed his nervous smile. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: One evening, Emma received an invitation to perform in a local concert held by their community. Excitement welled up within her, but at the same time, a wave of nervousness washed over her. She immediately thought of Mr. Thompson and rushed to the park to share the news with him. Mr. Thompson was overjoyed. ‌“This is a great opportunity, Emma. You’ll shine on that stage,” he encouraged her. With his words in mind, Emma dedicated herself to practicing day and night. She knew that this concert was not only a chance to showcase her talent but also a way to repay Mr. Thompson’s kindness. Backstage, Emma noticed his nervous smile. He was there, dressed in his best suit, looking as if he was the one about to perform. Seeing him, Emma’s nervousness melted away. ‌“You’re going to be amazing,” Mr. Thompson said softly. When it was Emma’s turn, she walked onto the stage with confidence. As the music filled the air, she poured her heart into the performance. The audience was captivated by her playing. After the performance, the whole hall erupted into thunderous applause. Emma looked at Mr. Thompson in the crowd, and he was beaming with pride. Their friendship had truly blossomed, and this concert was a beautiful chapter in their story. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述高中生Emma注意到公园长椅上的孤独老人Mr. Thompson，两人成为朋友，Emma的音乐才华吸引了邻里居民。一天，Emma收到社区音乐会邀请。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“一天晚上，Emma收到了一份参加当地社区举办的音乐会的邀请。”可知，第一段可描写Emma兴奋又紧张，与Mr. Thompson分享消息，在其鼓励下努力练习。 ②由第二段首句内容“在后台，Emma注意到他紧张的笑容。”可知，第二段可描写Mr. Thompson的出现让Emma镇定，她自信演出获得成功，两人的友谊进一步升华。 2. 续写线索：收到邀请——分享消息——努力练习——后台镇定——演出成功 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①冲：rush/dash ②致力于：dedicate oneself to/devote oneself to ③展示：showcase/demonstrate/show 情绪类 ①狂喜的：overjoyed/ecstatic/wild with joy ②紧张：nervousness/anxiety 【点睛】[高分句型1] She knew that this concert was not only a chance to showcase her talent but also a way to repay Mr. Thompson’s kindness.(运用了“not only...but also...”连接并列结构作表语) [高分句型2] When it was Emma’s turn, she walked onto the stage with confidence.(运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型3] As the music filled the air, she poured her heart into the performance.(运用了从属连词as引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届高三第二学期期初学业质量监测 英语 注意事项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求 1、本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卷交回。 2、答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号用0. 5毫米黑色字迹签字笔填写在答题卷上。 3、请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号与你本人的是否相符。 4、作答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0. 5毫米的签字笔写在答题卷上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面的5段对话。每段对话后都有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What time does the woman want to leave the area by? A. 6 p. m. B. 7 p. m. C. 9 p. m. 2. What was the woman doing when the earthquake occurred? A. Driving. B. Telephoning. C. Sweeping the floor. 3. What is the woman telling the man? A. She won’t allow him to attend the concert. B. She will get him to watch the concert online. C. She has bought tickets to the concert for him. 4. What does the woman think about the contradiction? A. It is an error made by the poet. B. It is used to hint at the poem’s deeper thought. C. It is used to show the complex personality of poet. 5. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Place an order to buy the book online. B. Give her permission of borrowing a book. C. Allow her extra time to complete her work. 第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Hotel staff and guest. C. Waiter and customer. 7. Where must people stay unless told otherwise? A. In their rooms B. In the basement. C. In the restaurant. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. A school project. B. Medical discoveries. C. The importance of errors. 9. What was Dr. Joseph Lister famous for? A. Discovering how to prevent infections during surgery. B. Discovering the drug penicillin. C. Performing the first successful surgery. 10. How does the woman’s feeling change during the conversation? A. From amused to amazed. B. From disappointed to relieved. C. From indifferent to curious. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How to better communicate with foreigners. B. What to learn about other countries. C. When to travel abroad. 12. What does the man suggest people do to avoid misunderstanding? A. Be patient while communicating. B. Study different national policies. C. Learn about other countries’ cultures. 13. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Humorous. B. Curious. C. Grateful. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What was the weather like when the woman visited the theatre? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy. 15. Why did the woman choose to sit rather than stand? A. She wanted to stay with her mother. B. She thought it would be more fun. C. She thought the standing section was too expensive. 16. Which kind of Shakespeare’s plays does the woman generally prefer? A. Tragedies. B. Histories. C. Comedies. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker’s favorite famous explorer? A. Zheng He. B. Marco Polo. C. Ferdinand Magellan. 18. In what year was the speaker probably born? A. 1984. B. 1994. C. 2004. 19. Which branch of oceanography specializes in studying the bottom of the ocean? A. Physical. B. Geological. C. Biological. 20. Why did the speaker feel excited about his first mission? A. He saw a lot of sea creatures. B. He enjoyed the freedom at sea. C. He explored some sunken ships 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In history, economists have contributed greatly to the field of economics and changed society. Adam Smith (1723 — 1790) Adam Smith is best known for An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, one of the earliest and the most famous works on industry and commerce. Smith’s arguments against mercantilism (重商主义) and in favor of free trade were a challenge to much of the protectionism that was influential in the mid-18th century. Today, he’s often called “the father of modern economics”. In a globalized world, imagine how much slower life would be, had free, open trade not been encouraged. David Ricardo(1772 — 1823) Ricardo joined his father to work on the London Stock Exchange at the age of 14 and quickly became successful. After reading Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations, he took an interest in economics. Ricardo held the belief that nations should specialize for the greater good. He carried forward the argument against protectionism, and showed that landlords seizing wealth at the expense of laborers was not beneficial for society. Alfred Marshall (1842 — 1924) Marshall is credited with attempting to apply mathematics to economics to turn economics into more of a science than a philosophy. Despite his emphasis on math, Marshall spared no effort to make his work accessible to regular people; his Economics of Industry became widely used in England as a curriculum. He also spent almost 10 years working on the more scientific Principles of Economics, which proved to be his most important work. John Maynard Keynes(1883 — 1946) The six-foot-six Brit accepted a lectureship at Cambridge that was personally funded by Alfred Marshall, whose supply and demand curves were the basis for much of Keynes’ work. He is remembered for standing up for the government monetary policy to reduce the negative effects of economic depressions and booms. His influential work, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and money, advocated government intervention to promote consumption and investing. It particularly pushed to relieve the global Great Depression that was spreading at the time. 1. What did Adam Smith and David Ricardo have in common? A. Their arguments were thought highly of at that time. B. Their ideas laid a foundation for the modern economics. C. They were opposed to the then-influential protectionism. D. They thought mercantilism slowed the social development. 2. How was Alfred Marshall different from the other economists? A. He focused on practical applications. B. He made economics more scientific. C. He designed a university curriculum. D. He wrote many works on economics. 3. What is John Maynard Keynes most famous for? A. Developing supply and demand curves. B. Restricting consumption and investment. C. Working out government monetary policy. D. Facilitating the relief of economic depressions. B When my son started preschool, I realized he was different. Almost every morning at drop-off, he would hold on to my leg until I could free myself and run away feeling guilty. I soon learned that he spent most days with his head on his desk, refusing to speak or make eye contact with anyone. However, he had no problem speaking at home, which puzzled me. It wasn’t long before he was diagnosed with selective mutism (SM), a rare form of anxiety characterized by the inability to speak in certain situations. For a child like him, school and other social situations can be especially stressful, which explained why my son didn’t want me to leave him there. I went into full mama bear mode. Each year, 1 wrote a detailed email to his classroom teacher before the start of school, giving them information on how to deal with him in class. But in a large public school, with nearly 40 kids per class and only one counselor (顾问) to deal with everything, my emails often went ignored, and my son rarely received the support he needed. And when I turned to the administration, they suggested we find another school. However, my son begged me to keep him in the same school with his older sister, insisting if he had to go to school, he liked knowing she was in the building. Against our better judgment, we decided to trust him and let him lead. To our surprise, his competitive nature made him a determined student, and his grades reflected his effort. Because of his spirit, I became a positive advocate for him, so did his fourth-grade teacher. After constant efforts, we came up with solutions that met the curriculum within his level of comfort. Now, he is still a little nervous about school, but I’m less anxious knowing he has the tools and the support he needs to cope. He feels empowered to email his teachers and ask for help outside of class. He’s playing soccer with a team of boys he calls his “friends”. And for the first time in a long time, he let go of my leg, waved goodbye and walked into the school building to face the day. 4. What caused the author to realize that her son was special? A. His unwillingness to obey rules. B. His abnormal behaviors at school. C. His inability to speak to strangers. D. His guilt about being overly depended. 5. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. The teachers overlooked those emails and were reluctant to help the boy. B. A sense of security from the sister made the boy refuse to change schools. C. The full mama bear mode was an effective approach to the boy’s problem. D. The administration was fully cooperative in addressing the author’s concerns. 6. What is the key factor of the son’s progress? A. The transfer of his school. B. The company of his family. C. The inner drive of the boy. D. The support of the teachers. 7. What message does the story seem to convey? A. A mother’s love is eternal. B. Misfortunes never come singly. C. Chances always favor those who are prepared. D. When the going gets tough, the tough get going. C In 1995, Larry Page, a young computer student at Stanford University, listed about 10 ideas for the subject of his dissertation (学位论文). He ultimately chose the option concerning charting the hyperlinks between sites, which later permanently changed the way we navigate (浏览) the Internet and earned Page around $100 billion. Research shows that people rarely assess the value of their own ideas accurately. This means we often fail to see the potential in our best ideas, leading us to abandon them and waste time on less promising ventures. Fortunately, these studies also suggest some clever ways to avoid making this mistake. One insightful study comes from Professor Justin Berg. In his experiments, he asked participants to invent new products or services. The participants first brainstormed a list of ideas, which they ranked in order of preference, after which they were given more time to develop their concepts. A team of independent judges then rated the quality of the final designs. Berg found that in general, the participants preferred the concepts that were the most concrete and which initially appeared to be the easiest to apply. This meant that they often overlooked slightly more abstract ideas that were not immediately practical. With development, however, the potential uses of the abstract ideas soon became apparent-leading them to be more popular with the independent judges. As Berg’s results show, we may be consistently missing out on our best ideas. One way to improve our judgments may be to encourage the right kind of reflective thinking. Berg, for instance, found he could improve participants’ forecasts by asking them to justify why they had chosen their rankings. With extra thought, an abstract idea that initially appeared less promising will begin to gain substance and might soon start to seem more exciting. We may never know what made Larry Page leave his other ideas, but the above technique can help us identify the projects with the greatest potential. We can pick out the gold from the debris (碎片) of our creativity and never risk wasting a trillion-dollar idea. 8. Why does the author mention Larry Page in paragraph 1? A. To prove that promising ideas can bring enormous wealth B. To tell us that Berg’s study is based on Page’s dissertation. C. To show the importance of identifying the most brilliant idea D. To emphasize his contribution to the development of the Internet. 9. What did Berg’s experiments reveal about the participants? A. They favored abstract ideas over concrete ones. B. They tended to choose ideas with great potential. C. They often neglected less practical ideas initially. D. They took the judges’ preferences into consideration. 10. How can we improve our judgments according to the text? A. Ranking the ideas at random. B. Appreciating the ideas of others. C. Looking at the positive side of an option. D. Exploring the motivations behind our choices. 11 Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. How to Identify Truly Great Ideas B. Why We Are Poor Decision-Makers C. Why Our Brain Favors the Concrete D. How to Choose a Promising Paper Topic D The gut ecosystem in the first few years of our lives is key to a lifetime of good health. The condition of the infant microbiome (微生物群系) can particularly be related to the risk of diseases years later, including malnutrition and diabetes. Thus, controlling the types of bacteria in the infant gut could help control disease risk and have long-term health benefits. The team, led by Kana Yahagi, a microbiologist at Yakult Central Institute in Tokyo, Japan, is seeking to decode the genetic and metabolic (代谢的) mechanisms behind how the microbiome in the infant gut develops in critical stages of life by following a group of individuals over long periods, starting from birth. In 2016, researchers at Yakult Central Institute showed for the first time the genetic mechanism behind the transformation over the first month after birth and found that a strain (菌株) of the beneficial bacteria - Bifidobacterium - unique to infants effectively used the sugars in breast milk. The strain has a gene responsible for producing proteins that import oligosaccharides from breast milk into the bacteria, where they are broken down and transformed into energy. In a follow-up study on the same people in 2021, the researchers analyzed faecal (粪便的) samples of healthy breast-fed infants over the first two years of their lives. They found that the infant microbiome developed in three stages, each dominated by a different group of bacteria: the first by Enterobacterales, the second by Bifidobacteriales and the third by Clostridiales. The discovery that all infants underwent these changes was unexpected, given the diversity in the adult microbiome, says Yahagi. However, the timing of the second stage, when Bifidobacteriales became dominant, varied among infants. Some made the switch within several days after birth, but others only changed after six months. “There’s likely a time window in which infants should have certain types of microorganisms in their gut,” says Naoki Tsukuda, a microbiologist at Yakult Central Institute. “Maturing too late, or too early, both appear to increase disease risk. But what causes the individual differences? We still have no idea now.” 12. What does the second paragraph talk about concerning the study? A. The purpose. B. The process. C. The practical application. D. The background information. 13. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in paragraph 3? A. Oligosaccharides. B. Bacteria. C. Proteins. D. Genes. 14. What can we learn about the follow-up study? A. The researchers made the discovery through sample analysis. B. Every infant microbiome developed in three stages as expected. C. The dominance of Bifidobacteriales occurred simultaneously in infants. D. A strain of the beneficial bacteria unique to infants was found for the first time. 15. What may further research about infants microbiome focus on? A. The diversity of microorganisms. B. The benefits of breast milk to the gut ecosystem. C. The exploration of more stages dominated by bacteria D. The reasons for the different timing of the second stage. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When education fails to keep pace with technology, the result is inequality. Without the skills to stay useful as innovations arrive, workers suffer. ____16____ That fundamental insight seized reformers in the Industrial Revolution, boosting state-funded universal schooling. The combination of education and innovation, spread over decades, led to a remarkable flowering of prosperity. Today, robotics and artificial intelligence call for another education revolution. However, this time, working lives are so lengthy and fast-changing that simply adding more schooling at the start is not enough. People must also be able to acquire new skills throughout their careers. Lifelong learning starts at school. As a rule, education should not be narrowly vocational (职业的) ____17____ A focus on “thinking about one’s thinking” will make them better at picking up skills later in life. The market is innovating to offer employees chances to. learn and earn in new ways. Providers are building businesses on the promise of boosting and restarting careers. Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have shifted away from lectures on Plato or black holes in favour of courses that make their students more employable. ____18____ Companies can also encourage their staff to learn. AT&T, a telecoms firm wanting to equip its workforce with digital skills spends $30m a year on paying employees’ tuition costs. ____19____ This is particularly useful for workers in small firms or the self-employed, for whom company-provided training is unlikely. A union-run training programme in Britain has support from political parties on the right and left. If new ways of learning are to help those who need them most policymakers should be aiming for something far more fundamental or extensive. Governments have a vital role — not just by spending more, but also by spending wisely. One way is for citizens to receive vouchers (抵用券) that they can use to pay for training. ____20____ It has given money to everyone over 25 to spend on any of the 500 approved courses. A. Singapore has such “individual learning accounts”. B. The importance of lifelong learning cannot be overstated. C. And if enough of them fall behind, society starts to fall apart. D. The curriculum needs to teach children how to study and think. E. Besides, trade unions can play a useful role as organizers of lifelong learning. F. Universities enable workers to improve their skills by offering degrees online. G. However, companies should not rely only on trade unions for employee training. 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One winter evening, I was driving home through a snowstorm. Suddenly, I noticed a vehicle ____21____ me. I found it somewhat disturbing, but I didn’t give it much thought. Then, without warning, my tyre burst with a(n) ____22____ bang! I wrestled with the steering wheel to maintain ____23____ and carefully pulled off the road, my heart pounding. I ____24____ on my hazard lights, hoping for assistance. To my astonishment, the car behind me also ____25____. A man swiftly emerged from the driver’s seat. He came over to my car and inquired if I was unharmed. Still in a state of shock, I nodded ____26____. Without a moment’s hesitation, he got down to ____27____. He took out a spare ____28____ from my trunk and began the task of replacing the ____29____ one. Despite the terrible weather, he worked with remarkable precision and _____30_____. Once he had finished, he _____31_____ his hands on a cloth and remarked, “I was planning to _____32_____ two kilometres back. But something about that tyre seemed _____33_____ to me. I’m glad I decided to follow you along the way. You never know what might happen on a night like this.” I was overwhelmed with gratitude. I thanked him sincerely, but he just smiled _____34_____ and said, “No problem. Just be careful out there.” He got back into his car and drove away, leaving me with a profound sense of _____35_____ for his selflessness. As I continued my journey the snow continued to fall, but the road seemed a little less daunting. 21. A. stopping B. tailing C. screaming D. dismissing 22. A. amazing B. eye-catching C. deafening D. wide-ranging 23. A. control B. speed C. energy D. level 24. A. leaned B. pointed C. bounced D. switched 25. A. pulled down B. took over C. pulled over D. got down 26. A. literally B. weakly C. definitely D. vigorously 27. A. business B. chores C. ground D. reality 28. A. seat B. wheel C. light D. tyre 29. A. flat B. solid C. odd D. repaired 30. A. outlook B. fantasy C. efficiency D. vitality 31. A. shook B. wiped C. wrapped D. clapped 32. A. flee B. exit C. flash D. slide 33. A. off B. in C. out D. down 34. A. rigidly B. scarcely C. exclusively D. modestly 35. A. permission B. anticipation C. competence D. admiration 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The UNESCO added the Spring Festival, social practices of the Chinese people in celebration of the traditional New Year to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) of Humanity on December 4, 2024. The Spring Festival, a signature part of Chinese culture, is one of the most important festivals ____36____ (practice) in China and around the world. The listing of the Spring Festival as an ICH is an acknowledgment of not only its Chinese roots but also the ideas ____37____ carries that connect all humanity. The Spring Festival bears Chinese people’s pursuit of peace and harmony, ____38____ (promote) best wishes for the future and proves the common values of humanity such as social ____39____ (include) and a sound relationship between man and nature. Spring Festival puts family ____40____ its core. The Chinese cherish family and the strong bonds among family members, and extend this ____41____ (affect) to the community and the nation and beyond. That’s ____42____ each Spring Festival, millions of people start the journey home, creating the greatest human migration on Earth. ____43____ (give) full play to family gatherings, feasts, and various cultural activities, celebrations for the Spring Festival last for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. Spring Festival food traditions contribute a great deal to the culture of Chinese cuisine. From dumplings to sticky rice cakes, from fried meatballs to braised fish, and ____44____ (geography) from north to the south, all dishes carry the best blessings for people’s loved ones during the Spring Festival. Many of the celebrations and events that _____45_____ (pass) down from generation to generation so far are kept in China, Asia and beyond. 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 2025年1月20日，国产人工智能大模型DeepSeek正式发布。假定你是李华，你校的科创社团打算在今年第一次活动中就这一话题进行研讨。请你写一封邮件给美国朋友Frank，邀请他参加这次活动。内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动安排。 要求： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Frank ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, LiHua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a chilly autumn morning when Emma first noticed the old man sitting on the park bench. He was always there, rain or shine, feeding the pigeons with a bag of breadcrumbs. Emma, a high school senior, often passed by the park on her way to school. She had seen him many times but never paid much attention. However, that morning, something about his lonely figure caught her eye. Emma was a busy student, juggling schoolwork, extracurricular activities, and college applications. But something inside her urged her to stop and talk to the old man. She hesitated for a moment, then walked over and sat down beside him. “Good morning” she said with a warm smile. The old man looked up, surprised. “Good morning,” he replied, his voice soft but kind. They started talking, and Emma learned that his name was Mr. Thompson. He had been living alone since his wife passed away a few years ago. The park had become his sanctuary, a place where he could find peace and companionship with the birds. As the days went by, Emma made it a habit to stop by the park and chat with Mr. Thompson. She discovered that he had a wealth of stories to share: tales of his youth, his travels, and his love for music-when in college, he had been a solo. singer. In return, Emma shared her dreams and aspirations, and Mr. Thompson offered her wisdom and encouragement. One day, Emma brought her violin to the park. She played a beautiful melody, and Mr. Thompson’s eyes lit up with joy. “That was wonderful,” he said, clapping his hands. “You have a gift, Emma. Never stop pursuing your passion.” Their friendship grew stronger with each passing day. Emma realized that in reaching out to Mr. Thompson, she had not only brought joy to his life but also found a source of inspiration and strength for herself. Gradually her musical talent attracted more and more residents in the neighborhood. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 One evening, Emma received an invitation to perform in a local concert held by their community. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Backstage, Emma noticed his nervous smile. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$