Unit 1 The secrets of happiness 单元核心知识点精讲精练3(Developing ideas)-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册教材核心知识全解（外研版2024）

Unit 1 The secrets of happiness 核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Developing ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Developing ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 单元重点短语集锦 1. have different opinions about... 对...有不同的看法 2. look on the bright side of life 看到生活光明的一面 3. expect...to do 期望...做 4. fill...with... 用...把...填满 5. glass half-full person (杯子半满的人)积极的人 6. glass half-empty person (杯子半空的人)悲观的人 7. focus on 专注于 8. give special attention to 给予特别关注 9. miss one’s school bus 错过某人的校车 10. miss the presentation 错过报告 11. be late for 迟到 12. sing a song 唱首歌 13. choose to do 选择做某事 14. take...for example 以...为例 15. such as 例如 16. lead a positive life 过积极的生活 17. think positively 积极思考 18. blow off 吹走 19. wave in the air 在空中挥舞 20. hear a voice 听到一个声音 21. shake one’s head 摇头 22. say to oneself 对自己说；自言自语 23. behind one’s back 在某人背后，背地里 24. laugh at 嘲笑 25. keep his hair long 留长发(keep sth.+adj. 保持某物...样的) 26. day after day 日复一日 27. a barber’s shop 理发店 28. take off 起飞；脱下 29. fall around one’s shoulder 垂落在肩膀上 30. cut it short 把它(头发)剪短 31. receive a letter 收到一封信 32. thank sb. for... 因...感谢某人 33. help...with... 在...方面帮助(某人) 34. spring from 由某事物造成；起源于（或来自）某事物 35. do good 做好事，行善 36. help others 帮助他人 37. grow together with 与...共同成长 38. main character 主角 2、 单元重点词汇解析(前面标*为单词表新词汇) 1. survey /ˈsɜ:veɪ/ n. 调查；测量，测绘；v. 调查；测量，测绘 [词汇搭配] carry out a survey 进行一项调查 [词汇例句] This week, a magazine made a survey on the students’ preference for different kinds of movies.本周，一家杂志对学生们对不同类型电影的偏好进行了调查。 2. empty /'empti/ adj.空的；空洞的，无意义的；v.清空，倒空，腾空 [词汇拓展] <三单>empties ；<过去式> emptied；<反>full (adj.)满的 [词汇搭配] an empty box空盒 ；half empty一半空的 [词汇例句] Is this an empty chair 这张椅子没人坐吗？ She emptied the water out of the vase.她把水从花瓶里倒了出来。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —Do you see there is _______ empty box on the floor? —Yes. I need to move it to _______ next room. A．an; a B．an; the C．the; the D．/; a (2) —Oh, the classroom is ______ ! Where are the students? —They are all on the playground. A．full B．big C．empty D．bright 3. happen/ˈhæpən/v. 发生 [词汇搭配] sth. happen to sb. 某人发生了某事；sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 happen to sb./sth. 遭到，遇到 [词汇例句] What's happened to your car?你的车出什么毛病了？ She happened to be out when we called.我们打电话时她刚巧不在家。 [词汇辨析] happen / take place · happen表示“发生”，尤指偶然发生。 Let's see what happens next week.咱们等着瞧下一周会怎么样。 · take place往往指事先安排或策划好而后发生。 The sports meeting will take place next week. 运动会下周举行。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Tom is not at school. Do you know what happens ________? A．with him B．to him C．to he D．for he (2) An ________ football final ________ in our school last Friday. A．excited; happened B．boring; takes place C．exciting; took place D．bored; happens 4. positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/ adj.有信心的；积极乐观的 [词汇拓展] positively (adv.) 乐观地；negative(adj.)悲观的，消极的 [词汇搭配] lead a positive life 过着积极的生活；be positive about对...有信心的，对...乐观的 stay positive保持乐观 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) 对我们来说，过积极的生活很重要。 (2) 她力求(try)对新工作更有信心。 (3) 我们需要一直(all the time)保持积极。 (4) 积极地思考并找到生活的光明面。 5. blow /bləʊ/ v. 吹动；刮动；n. （用手、武器等的）猛击；打击，挫折 [词汇拓展] <过去式> blew [词汇搭配] blow off 吹走；blow out 吹灭；轻易击败某人；blow up爆炸；爆发；给...充气 [词汇例句] A cold wind blew from the east. 东边吹来一股冷风。 6. wave /weɪv /v.挥动，摆动（某物）；（某物）上下起伏，左右摇晃；n. 海浪，波浪；挥手，挥臂 [词汇拓展] <过去式> waved；<动词-ing> waving [词汇搭配] wave in the air 在空中摆动；wave to/at sb. 朝某人挥手；wave sb. off 挥手送别 [词汇例句] The people on the bus waved and we waved back.公共汽车上的人挥手致意，我们也向 他们挥手。 Children were playing in the waves .孩子们在海浪中嬉戏。 7. voice /vɔɪs/n.说话声，嗓音；发声能力；v.表达，吐露（观点或感情） [词汇拓展] <过去式> voiced [词汇搭配] hear a voice听到一个声音；in a low/small voice低声/小声地 [词汇例句] Keep your voice down. 说话轻一些。 [词汇辨析] voice / sound / noise · sound普通用词，泛指耳朵能听到的任何声响。 What made these sounds?这些声音是怎么回事? She loves the sound of rain on the roof.她喜欢雨打屋顶的声音。 · noise 噪声。尤指刺耳、喧闹、可怕的声音，有时由多种声音混杂在一起。 Don’t make any noise. 不要制造噪声。 · voice 嗓音主要指人的说话声和歌唱声。 He told me the news in a low voice. 他低声的告诉我这个消息。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) “Can you hear the ________ of children playing the piano in the park?” he asked me in a low________ A．noise; sound B．sound; voice C．voice; sound D．noise; voice (2) Ann is shy. She always answers questions ________ a low voice. A．in B．at C．of D．about 8. just /dʒʌst/ adv.只不过，只是；正好，恰好；公正的，正当的 [词汇拓展] justly (adv.) 公正地，公平地；unjust (adj.)不公正的 [词汇搭配] just now刚刚，刚才；此时，此刻；just for fun只是为了好玩just as 正当...时 just about几乎，差不多；大约；just a minute / moment稍等一会儿 [词汇例句] This jacket is just my size.这件夹克正合我的尺码。 I was just a little tired. 我只是有点儿累了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —What’s the English word for the Chinese food jiaozi? —You can       say “jiaozi”. It has been added(添加) to the Oxford English Dictionary. A．just B．even C．still D．hardly (2) My sister ________ us a very funny joke just now. We all laughed. A．tells B．tell C．told D．is telling 9. himself /hɪmˈself/ pron.他自己 [词汇拓展] he(主格)他；him(宾格)他；his(形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词)他的 [词汇搭配] say to himself他自言自语；by himself 他独自，他单独；enjoy himself他玩得开心 [词汇例句] He poured himself a whisky and sat down in the chair.他给自己倒了一杯威士忌，然后坐 在椅子上。 [词汇用法] · -self/-selves 构成的代词叫作反身代词。第一人称和第二人称的反身代词由形容性物主代词词尾加-self/-selves构成；第三人称的反身代词由宾格代词词尾加-self/-selves构成。 · 同一人称反身代词有单复数之分。 人称 主格人称代词 宾格人称代词 反身代词 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 第一人称 I 我 we 我们 me 我 us 我们 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 you 你 you 你们 you 你 you 你们 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 he 他 she 她 it 它 they 他/她/它们 him 他 her 她 it 它 them 他/她/它们 himself 他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 themselves 他/她/它们自己 · 反身代词可以作相同人称的宾语，表示动作的主语和宾语时同一个人。 The boy can dress himself. (注意：不用him) [随学随练] 用he的适当形式填空。 (1) Nobody teaches English. He learns English by . (2) plays basketball so well.  (3) The boy held mother’s hand when crossing the road. (4) —Dad, is this Bill’s basketball? —No, is in that box. (5) Leo enjoyed  in the warm sunshine. 10. *shame /ʃeɪm/ n.羞愧，羞耻，惭愧；令人惋惜的事；v. 使羞愧（或惭愧） [词汇拓展] shameful(adj.)可耻的，丢脸的；ashamed(adj.) 惭愧的；羞耻的 [词汇搭配] feel shame感到羞愧；put sb/sth to shame大大胜过；使相形见绌；使自愧不如 [词汇例句] She felt a deep sense of shame.她深感羞愧。 What a shame they couldn't come. 他们不能来了，真是遗憾。 Their presentation put ours to shame.他们的演出使我们的相形见绌。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —I hear some hunters sell animals’ bones(骨头) for money. —_________. A．I agree. B．Don’t say it. C．That’s interesting! D．What a shame! 11. *finally/ˈfaɪnəli/ adv.最后，终于；(用于列举)最后 [词汇拓展] final (adj.)最后的，最终的 [词汇例句] When they finally arrived it was well past midnight.他们最后到达时已是第二天的凌晨。 And finally, I would like to thank you all for coming here today.最后，我感谢大家今天的 光临。 12. *into/ˈɪntu/ prep.进入，到……里面 [词汇搭配] walk into a barber’s shop走进一家理发店；be into sth对…十分感兴趣；很喜欢 turn...into...将...变成... [词汇用法] · 表示“进入，到...里面”。 He ran into the room. 他跑进了房间。 · 表示状态的变化 He turned the paper into a beautiful work of art. 他把纸变成了美丽的艺术品。 · 表示行动的结果。 She shamed her father into promising more help.她使父亲感到过意不去，只好答应多给她些帮助。 · 撞上；碰上 The young pandas walked into their friends and fell over. 小的熊猫走路时撞到了它们的朋友，然后 绊倒了。 13. fall /fɔːl/ v. & n. 落下，降落；跌倒，跌落；进入(某状态)；下降，减少；发生，适逢(某日) n. (美式)秋天；掉落；跌倒；下降，减少 [词汇拓展] <过去式> fell [词汇搭配] fall in love with 爱上…；fall down 摔倒；fall behind落后；fall out掉落，脱落 fall over...被...绊倒；fall away减少，减小；消散；fall asleep 入睡 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中fall(过去式fell)的中文意思。 (1) One of the kids falls into the river. (2) My birthday falls on a Monday this year. (3) All our doubts(疑问) fall away. (4) His hair is falling out. (5) He always falls over the chair. (6) I went to Xizang last fall. (7) Mrs Briscoe had a bad fall last week. (8) The boy soon fell asleep on the sofa. 14. shoulder /ˈʃəʊldə/ n. 肩膀；v.承担，担负； 背，扛，挑，担 [词汇搭配] on sb's shoulders由某人承担；shoulder to shoulder (with sb) 肩并肩地；齐心协力 [词汇例句] She shouldered her bag and set off home. 她扛起包朝家走去。 She tapped Lily on the shoulder.她拍了拍莉莉的肩膀。 15. surprised /səˈpraɪzd/adj.吃惊的，惊奇的，惊讶的，诧异的 [词汇拓展] surprise (n.)惊奇，惊讶；(v.)使感到惊讶；surprising (adj.)令人惊讶的 [词汇搭配] a surprised look 惊讶的神色 [词汇用法] · surprise既可以作名词，也可以作动词。 She looked up in surprise .她惊讶地抬起头。 He solved the problem himself and surprised us. 他自己解决了困难，使我们感到惊讶。 · surprised表示“感到惊讶的”；surprising表示“令人感到惊讶的”。 We’re surprised to see these pictures. 我们看到这些图片很惊讶。 It’s surprising that the little boy can speak three languages. 真是令人惊讶，这个小男孩会说三门语 言。 [随学随练] 用surprise的适当形式填空。 (1) Sofia Reznikova, a 3-year-old visitor from Russia was one of the travelers. Technologies (技术) in everyday life in China her. (2) However, we are to find that many kids don’t like doing exercise or playing sports now.  (3) Wow, a new Huawei phone. What a big ! Thanks. (4) Then a thing at a school camp changed everything. 16. scissors/ˈsɪzəz/ n.剪刀；剪子 [词汇搭配] a pair of scissors一把剪刀；nail scissors [词汇用法] scissor“剪刀”, pants“裤子”等由两部分组成的物体，通常用复数形式。 The pants are Lily’s. 这条裤子是莉莉的。 Please pass me the scissors. 请把剪刀递给我。 [词汇例句] He told me to get some scissors.他让我去拿把剪刀。 17. office /ˈɒfɪs/n.办公楼，办事处，公司 [词汇拓展] [词汇搭配] post office 邮局；booking office(车站、剧院等的)售票处 box office(剧院，电影院的)售票处；office workers办公室人员 [词汇例句] He arrived at the office at 7:00. 他7点到办公室的。 18. receive /rɪˈsiːv/ v.得到，收到；体验，受到（某种待遇或伤害） [词汇拓展] [词汇搭配] He received many presents. 他收到了很多礼物。 We received a warm welcome from our hosts. 我们受到了主人的热情欢迎。 [词汇辨析] receive / accept · receive指“收到”，“接到”，不包含接收人是否愿意接受的含义。 Did you receive Lucy’s letter ? 你收到露西的信吗？ · accept表示接收人主观上接受了所收到的事物。 Zhang Peng didn’t accept Amy’s gifts. 张鹏没有接受艾米的礼物。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 I ________ a gift yesterday but couldn’t ________ it, because it was too expensive. A．received; accept B．accepted; receive C．accepted; accept D．received; receive 19. smart /smɑːt/ (adj.)聪颖的，机灵的；(衣服等)整洁漂亮的；智能的 [词汇拓展] smartly(adv.) 迅速的；利落的；clever(adj.)聪明的 [词汇搭配] a smart whiteboard智能白板；smart phone智能手机 the smart young man那个聪颖的年轻人 [词汇例句] She's smarter than her brother. 她比她哥哥聪明。 She always wears smart clothes. 她总是穿着光鲜的衣服。 20. smile /smaɪl/ v.微笑；n.微笑，笑容 [词汇拓展] laugh (v.)笑；laughter (n.)笑声 [词汇搭配] smile at sb. 冲某人微笑；smile one’s thanks笑了笑表示感谢 smile on...垂青，有利于 [词汇例句] He had a big smile on his face.他笑容满面。 When he saw me, he smiled and waved.他看见我的时候，微笑着朝我挥挥手。 3、 重难句型解析 1. Zhou Jian kept his hair long for over two year. 周健留长发两年多了 此句中kept his hair long是“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语是对宾语进行补充说明的，补充说明宾语的状态、特征或动作，是句子意思更加完整。常见的“宾语+宾语补足语”结构有以下几种形式： · 宾语 + 形容词 形容词作为宾语补足语，用来描述宾语的状态或特征。 I found the book interesting.我发现了这本书很有趣。(其中interesting是宾语补足语) · 宾语 + 名词 名词作为宾语补足语，用来说明宾语的身份或状态。 They called the baby Angel.他们给这个婴儿取名叫Angel。(其中Angel是宾语补足语) · 宾语 + 不定式 不定式作为宾语补足语，用来说明宾语的动作或行为。 I asked him to help.我请他帮忙。(其中to help是宾语补足语) · 宾语 + 分词 分词（现在分词或过去分词）作为宾语补足语，用来说明宾语的状态或正在进行的动作。 I saw him running.我看到他正在跑步。(其中running是宾语补足语) · 宾语 + 介词短语 介词短语作为宾语补足语，用来说明宾语的位置或状态。 We found the key under the table.我们在桌子下找到了钥匙。(其中under the table是宾语补足语) [随学随练] 用“宾语+宾语补足语”结构翻译句子。 (1) 她让她的弟弟很开心。 (2) 我们给它取名(name)叫Great Orange。 (3) Lisa告诉我等她。 (4) 我刚刚看见Tom在打篮球。 (5) 妈妈把我的书放进了箱子里。 2. Zhou Jian carefully put the hair into a bag and walked to the post office. 周健小心翼翼地把头发装进袋子里，朝邮局走去。 这是一个并列句，put和walked的主语都是Zhou Jian,第二个谓语动词前的主语省略了。并列句中， 前后两个动作的主语相同时，可以省略后一个主语。 例如：He turned on the light and started to read his English book. 他打开灯，开始读英语书。 [随学随练] (1) 他打开了门，然后走进了房间。 (2) 她打开了电视，然后坐在了沙发上。 3. Thank you for helping kids with cancer. 感谢您帮助癌症患儿。 thank sb. for doing ... 表示“因...而感谢某人”，其中thank是动词。类似表达“Thanks for ...”表示“因... 而感谢...”，此结构中thanks是名词复数形式。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Mom, thank you for ________ of me and loving me every day. A．take care B．takes care C．taking care D．to take care 4. It’s time to grow happiness again.是时候再次让幸福生长了。 这是一个常用句型It’s time to do sth.”，表示“是时候做某事了”。类似表达：It’s time for sth. 例如：It’s time for bed. 该睡觉了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) It’s 8:00. It’s time ________ class. A．to B．for C．with D．at (2) It’s 7:00 now. It’s time ________ to school. A．for go B．to go C．going D．to going 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) He (挥舞) goodbye to his friends as they left. (2) The restaurant had many (顾客) during the weekend. (3) Before the project, we did a (调查) to understand people's opinions. (4) He used his powerful (嗓音) to sing the song. (5) She used the (剪刀) to cut the paper. (6) She was very (惊讶的) to see her old friend at the party. (7) She (微笑) when she saw her favorite movie. (8) She felt a deep sense of (羞愧) after realizing her mistake. (9) Don’t speak ill of others (在他们背后). (10) She went to the (办公室) to talk to her teacher. (11) She (走进) the room and saw her friends waiting for her. (12) He (收到) an email from his friend. (13) (癌症) kills thousands of people every year. (14) He is a (聪颖的) student who always gets good grades. (15) We shouldn’t (嘲笑) others’ failures. (16) (因...而感谢你) helping me clean the room. (17) He (对自己说), “Don’t give up.” (18) She found the box (空的) when she opened it. (19) The leaves (落下) from the trees in autumn. (20) She always tries to (保持积极) even when things get tough. (21) The wind (吹) so hard that it knocked over the trash can(垃圾箱). (22) I want to know what will (发生) if it rains tomorrow. (23) She put her bag on her (肩膀) and left. (24) (最终), after weeks of studying, she passed the exam. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的介词。 (1) He (fall) off his bike and hurt his knee. (2) She tried to think (positive) even when things were difficult. (3) He taught (him) how to play the guitar. (4) This is the (finally) chapter of the book, and it's very exciting. (5) I (hear) a strange noise coming from the kitchen last night. (6) He (shake) hands with the winner after the game, and then went out of the gym. (7) Hurry up. It’s time (go) back home. (8) These trees (grow) well last year. (9) Happiness springs from doing (good) and (help) others. (10) Listen (careful). I have something important to tell you. (11) I except Dave (win) the game. (12) —Can I fill the box my model planes? —I’m afraid you can’t. It’s full my books. (13) Emma gets up early every day, so she is never late school. (14) Nowadays, more and more people choose (read) e-books. (15) —Mary, what happened you? —Mom, there is something wrong with my eyes.  3. 单项填空。 (1) On hearing the ________ news, she was very ________ and looked at me ________. A．surprising; surprising; with surprise B．surprise; surprised; with surprise C．surprising; surprised; in surprise D．surprised; surprise; in surprise (2) —Mommy, the plane for China is going to ________. I have to go. —Take care. Call me when you get there, no matter(无论) what the time is. A．blow off B．cut off C．take off D．clean off (3) You have to keep your hair ________. A．short B．be short C．is short D．shorting (4) I’ll give ________ students ________ minutes to finish the composition. A．the other, other two B．the other, two more C．others, another two D．other, two other (5) —Are there many shops ________ our school? —Of course. ________, there is a gift shop and a flower shop. A．across; Such as B．through; For example C．across; For example D．through; Such as (6) Parents always expect their children ________ a joyful life. A．lead B．leading C．to lead D．led (7) — Although the questions were difficult, the girl answered them correctly. — How________ she is! A．smart B．freezing C．empty D．magical (8) In autumn, leaves start to turn yellow and________ down from the trees. A．happen B．receive C．choose D．fall (9) Linda has a beautiful ________ and sings well. She once won lots of prizes. A．princess B．customer C．voice D．smile (10) ________ our surprise, Joe got ________ a fight with his best friend Paul. A．To; into B．To; onto C．With; into D．With; onto CD;get into a fight“打架”，也是固定用法。故选A。 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 根据情境写句子。 (1) 请分享一些关于“How to lead a positive life”的建议。 (2) David同学对你提出的“Think positively and find the bright side of life”的这条建议不是很理解，请你尝试用举例子的方式，让他更好地理解你的建议。 (3) 简要谈一谈你认为的“the secrets of happiness”。 2. 阅读理解 A My sister and I are twins and we are in the same school, but we look different. She is taller than me. I am heavier than her. Last Sunday, we walked through the town we lived in. It was a sunny day. We talked about our delicious breakfast happily when we walked around. Then we saw a very thin lady with a big box. The box was too big and heavy for her, but no one stops to help her.    After making sure that the lady was not a bad person. My sister said, “Let’s go and help that lady.” Without thinking, I said OK. Then we moved the box to her car. The lady parked her car in front of the supermarket, about 10 minutes’ walk down the road. She was so happy and she thanked us a lot. You could see the happiness on her face. She told us that her students were very excellent, so she bought many storybooks for them as gifts. Then she took out two storybooks from the box and gave them to us. We were happy to help but we didn’t take the storybooks.    We didn’t spend much time. It didn’t take anything out of our day, either. Those few minutes made our day better. It was the best time we had—helping a person in need. 1. What did the writer and her sister talk about on the way? A．The weather. B．Their school life. C．Their town. D．Their breakfast. 2. What did the lady look like? A．She was tall. B．She was heavy. C．She was thin. D．She was short. 3. Who did the lady buy the storybooks for? A．She bought the storybooks for the kind twins. B．She bought the storybooks for her best friend. C．She bought the storybooks for her lovely child. D．She bought the storybooks for her excellent students. 4. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．It’s interesting to read the storybooks. B．They are happy to help people in need. C．It’s necessary to make full use the box. D．They are happy to know the funny lady. B Jim owned a shop, and a customer once wondered how he managed to stay so happy all the time. Jim said, “When I wake up in the morning, I know that the day will have good and bad moments for me, but whatever happens, I’m going to choose to be positive.” Then one day, something terrible happened. An armed man broke into the shop, held Jim up at gunpoint and made him open the safe. As he was trying to open it, Jim’s hand slipped(滑落).The man saw this, probably thought, “He’s about to hurt me!” and panicked and fired. Luckily, Jim was rushed to hospital. On the way to hospital, he’d felt fine because a person kept telling him, “Don’t worry. I’m sure you’ll be OK. As soon as we get to the hospital, the doctors will take care of you!” But once Jim was in the operating room (手术室) and he saw the faces of the doctors and nurses, he had the feeling that people though he was more or less dead already. He knew he needed to do something. There was a nurse who was asking him lots of questions, very fast. One question was: “Are you allergic (过敏的) to anything? ” “Yes!” Jim said loudly and everybody stopped what they were doing. There was total silence. “Bullets (子弹)!” Jim said, and all the doctors and nurses started laughing. And then Jim added, “Please operate on me thinking that I’ll live, and not that I’ll die!” The operation was successful, thanks to the skill of the doctors and nurses. But what helped him was that he managed to look on the bright side even in the most dramatic moment of his life. 1. What did the customer ask Jim about? A．The secret of living a happy life. B．The way of managing a shop well. C．The memory of terrible experiences. D．The method of dealing with changes. 2. What does “panicked” most probably mean in Chinese? A．黯然神伤 B．打躬作揖 C．惊慌失措 D．充耳不闻 3. What did the doctors and nurses think of Jim’s condition at first? A．Common. B．Hopeless. C．Unexpected. D．Controllable. 4. Which of the following can be put in the blank (空白处)?    A．On the way to hospital, Jim was comforted. B．Jim was asked a lot of questions by a nurse. C．Jim made a funny joke and everyone laughed. D．A man tried to steal money and almost killed Jim. 5. What can we learn from the text? A．Being brave can be a matter of life and death. B．Money is not the most important thing in life. C．There are good and bad sides of owning a shop. D．Even when things go badly, try to think positively. 3. 任务型阅读 It’s common for people to have hobbies. They may like singing, dancing or playing sports. But Xu Ruiyang, a girl from Kunming, Yunnan, is different. Studying is her only hobby. At the age of 2, Xu was badly ill and could only move her hands and head in the end. Life became hard for her. However, her parents didn’t give up. They started teaching her living and learning skills. When Xu started learning to write, everything was a challenge (挑战). Sometimes, she couldn’t even hold a pen. But after practicing many times, she finally learned more than 1, 000 Chinese characters before going to the primary school. Although there was much pain from her illness, Xu was never afraid. “When I read a book or do my homework, the pain is gone,” she said. Xu’s parents have helped Xu Ruiyang a lot. When she felt down and wanted to stop doing everything, they gave her a big warm hug and encouraged her, telling her she was doing a good job. In order to let her enjoy the beauty of the world, they took her to travel across China, as well as to more than 20 countries all over the world. During these trips, Xu formed friendships with many warm-hearted people and got hope for life. “Life is short and problems are always there. I’ll make good use of my time and be a happy person.” Xu said. 1. Where does Xu Ruiyang come from? 2. How was Xu’s health condition after her serious illness? 3. How many Chinese characters has Xu learned before being a primary student? 4. Why did Xu’s parents take her to travel? 5. What person does Xu want to be? 4. 完形填空 One day, a teacher asked his students to get ready for a test. They 1 anxiously (焦急地) at their desks for it. To everyone’s 2 , there were no questions, just a black dot (点) on the paper. The teacher told them, “I want you to 3 what you see there.” At the end of the class, the teacher took all the answer papers and started reading 4 one of them in front of all the students. After reading, the classroom was 5 . The teacher began to say, “I am not going to grade (打分) you. I just want you to think about something. No one wrote about the 6 part of the paper. Everyone focused on the black dot. The 7 thing happens in our life. Our life is a gift with love and care. We have all kinds of reasons to celebrate. However, we only see the 8 like being poor, not winning first prize, missing the bus, etc. But they are nothing compared to (与……相比) 9 we have in our lives. Take your 10 away from the black spots in your life. Enjoy each moment that life gives you and live with a positive mind!” 1.A．sat B．slept C．jumped D．stood 2.A．surprise B．hope C．afraid D．worry 3.A．put down B．go over C．write down D．talk about 4.A．either B．each C．both D．all 5.A．empty B．silent C．bright D．dark 6.A．red B．green C．white D．black 7.A．same B．different C．strange D．special 8.A．messages B．answers C．questions D．problems 9.A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 10.A．hands B．ears C．eyes D．nose 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 The secrets of happiness 核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Developing ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Developing ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 单元重点短语集锦 1. have different opinions about... 对...有不同的看法 2. look on the bright side of life 看到生活光明的一面 3. expect...to do 期望...做 4. fill...with... 用...把...填满 5. glass half-full person (杯子半满的人)积极的人 6. glass half-empty person (杯子半空的人)悲观的人 7. focus on 专注于 8. give special attention to 给予特别关注 9. miss one’s school bus 错过某人的校车 10. miss the presentation 错过报告 11. be late for 迟到 12. sing a song 唱首歌 13. choose to do 选择做某事 14. take...for example 以...为例 15. such as 例如 16. lead a positive life 过积极的生活 17. think positively 积极思考 18. blow off 吹走 19. wave in the air 在空中挥舞 20. hear a voice 听到一个声音 21. shake one’s head 摇头 22. say to oneself 对自己说；自言自语 23. behind one’s back 在某人背后，背地里 24. laugh at 嘲笑 25. keep his hair long 留长发(keep sth.+adj. 保持某物...样的) 26. day after day 日复一日 27. a barber’s shop 理发店 28. take off 起飞；脱下 29. fall around one’s shoulder 垂落在肩膀上 30. cut it short 把它(头发)剪短 31. receive a letter 收到一封信 32. thank sb. for... 因...感谢某人 33. help...with... 在...方面帮助(某人) 34. spring from 由某事物造成；起源于（或来自）某事物 35. do good 做好事，行善 36. help others 帮助他人 37. grow together with 与...共同成长 38. main character 主角 2、 单元重点词汇解析(前面标*为单词表新词汇) 1. survey /ˈsɜ:veɪ/ n. 调查；测量，测绘；v. 调查；测量，测绘 [词汇搭配] carry out a survey 进行一项调查 [词汇例句] This week, a magazine made a survey on the students’ preference for different kinds of movies.本周，一家杂志对学生们对不同类型电影的偏好进行了调查。 2. empty /'empti/ adj.空的；空洞的，无意义的；v.清空，倒空，腾空 [词汇拓展] <三单>empties ；<过去式> emptied；<反>full (adj.)满的 [词汇搭配] an empty box空盒 ；half empty一半空的 [词汇例句] Is this an empty chair 这张椅子没人坐吗？ She emptied the water out of the vase.她把水从花瓶里倒了出来。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —Do you see there is _______ empty box on the floor? —Yes. I need to move it to _______ next room. A．an; a B．an; the C．the; the D．/; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意:--你看到地板上有一个空箱子吗?--是的。我需要把它搬到隔壁。 考查冠词。an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素开头;a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素开头;the表示特指，第一空表示泛指一个，且empty是元音音素开头，所以是an，第二空表示特指，所以是the。故选B。 (2) —Oh, the classroom is ______ ! Where are the students? —They are all on the playground. A．full B．big C．empty D．bright 【答案】D 【详解】句意:--哦，教室是空的，学生们在哪里?--他们都在操场上。 考查词义辨析。full满的;big大的;C.empty空的;bright明亮的。根据下文They are all on the playground.可知这里是说空的。根据题意，故选C。 3. happen/ˈhæpən/v. 发生 [词汇搭配] sth. happen to sb. 某人发生了某事；sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 happen to sb./sth. 遭到，遇到 [词汇例句] What's happened to your car?你的车出什么毛病了？ She happened to be out when we called.我们打电话时她刚巧不在家。 [词汇辨析] happen / take place · happen表示“发生”，尤指偶然发生。 Let's see what happens next week.咱们等着瞧下一周会怎么样。 · take place往往指事先安排或策划好而后发生。 The sports meeting will take place next week. 运动会下周举行。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Tom is not at school. Do you know what happens ________? A．with him B．to him C．to he D．for he 【答案】B 【详解】句意:汤姆不在学校。你知道他发生什么事了吗? 考查固定搭配。sth.happen to sb.“某事发生在某人身上”，是固定搭配，介词to后接人称代词宾格him。故选B。 (2) An ________ football final ________ in our school last Friday. A．excited; happened B．boring; takes place C．exciting; took place D．bored; happens 【答案】C 【详解】句意:上周五我们学校举行了一场激动人心的足球决赛。 考查词汇辨析，excited感到激动的;boring无聊的;exciting令人激动的;bored感到无聊的;happen发生;take place发生:观察句子，第一空是修饰football，可知应该用-ing结尾的形容词。根据时间状语“1ast Friday”，可知时态为一般过去式，故选C。 4. positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/ adj.有信心的；积极乐观的 [词汇拓展] positively (adv.) 乐观地；negative(adj.)悲观的，消极的 [词汇搭配] lead a positive life 过着积极的生活；be positive about对...有信心的，对...乐观的 stay positive保持乐观 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) 对我们来说，过积极的生活很重要。 It’s important for us to lead a positive life. (2) 她力求(try)对新工作更有信心。 She tried to be more positive about her new job. (3) 我们需要一直(all the time)保持积极。 We need to stay positive all the time. (4) 积极地思考并找到生活的光明面。 Think positively and find the bright side of life. 5. blow /bləʊ/ v. 吹动；刮动；n. （用手、武器等的）猛击；打击，挫折 [词汇拓展] <过去式> blew [词汇搭配] blow off 吹走；blow out 吹灭；轻易击败某人；blow up爆炸；爆发；给...充气 [词汇例句] A cold wind blew from the east. 东边吹来一股冷风。 6. wave /weɪv /v.挥动，摆动（某物）；（某物）上下起伏，左右摇晃；n. 海浪，波浪；挥手，挥臂 [词汇拓展] <过去式> waved；<动词-ing> waving [词汇搭配] wave in the air 在空中摆动；wave to/at sb. 朝某人挥手；wave sb. off 挥手送别 [词汇例句] The people on the bus waved and we waved back.公共汽车上的人挥手致意，我们也向 他们挥手。 Children were playing in the waves .孩子们在海浪中嬉戏。 7. voice /vɔɪs/n.说话声，嗓音；发声能力；v.表达，吐露（观点或感情） [词汇拓展] <过去式> voiced [词汇搭配] hear a voice听到一个声音；in a low/small voice低声/小声地 [词汇例句] Keep your voice down. 说话轻一些。 [词汇辨析] voice / sound / noise · sound普通用词，泛指耳朵能听到的任何声响。 What made these sounds?这些声音是怎么回事? She loves the sound of rain on the roof.她喜欢雨打屋顶的声音。 · noise 噪声。尤指刺耳、喧闹、可怕的声音，有时由多种声音混杂在一起。 Don’t make any noise. 不要制造噪声。 · voice 嗓音主要指人的说话声和歌唱声。 He told me the news in a low voice. 他低声的告诉我这个消息。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) “Can you hear the ________ of children playing the piano in the park?” he asked me in a low________ A．noise; sound B．sound; voice C．voice; sound D．noise; voice 【答案】B 【详解】句意:他低声问我:““你能听到孩子们在公园里弹钢琴的声音吗? 考查名词辨析。noise噪音;sound声音，泛指一切声音;voice指嗓音。根据hear the .. of children playing the piano in the park"可知，第一空指孩子们弹钢琴的声音，应填sound。in a low voice“低声地”，指人的噪音很低，故选B。 (2) Ann is shy. She always answers questions ________ a low voice. A．in B．at C．of D．about 【答案】A 【详解】句意:安很害羞。她总是低声回答问题。 考查介词辨析及介词短语。in用;at在;of..属于...的;about关于。根据a low voice可知，考查in a low voice，表示“用低沉的声音”。故选A。 8. just /dʒʌst/ adv.只不过，只是；正好，恰好；公正的，正当的 [词汇拓展] justly (adv.) 公正地，公平地；unjust (adj.)不公正的 [词汇搭配] just now刚刚，刚才；此时，此刻；just for fun只是为了好玩just as 正当...时 just about几乎，差不多；大约；just a minute / moment稍等一会儿 [词汇例句] This jacket is just my size.这件夹克正合我的尺码。 I was just a little tired. 我只是有点儿累了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —What’s the English word for the Chinese food jiaozi? —You can       say “jiaozi”. It has been added(添加) to the Oxford English Dictionary. A．just B．even C．still D．hardly 【答案】A 【详解】句意:--中国食品“饺子”的英文单词是什么?--你可以说“饺子”，它已被添加到牛津英语词典。A.just正好，仅仅，只是;B.even甚至;C.still仍然;D.hardly几乎不。结合句意，只要说jiaozi就可以了，因为它已经被添加到牛津英语词典中。故答案为A。 (2) My sister ________ us a very funny joke just now. We all laughed. A．tells B．tell C．told D．is telling 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我姐姐刚才给我讲了一个非常好笑的笑话。我们都笑了。 考查动词辨析及时态。结合just now和We all laughed用了一般过去时，可知，时态用一般过去时。故选C。 9. himself /hɪmˈself/ pron.他自己 [词汇拓展] he(主格)他；him(宾格)他；his(形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词)他的 [词汇搭配] say to himself他自言自语；by himself 他独自，他单独；enjoy himself他玩得开心 [词汇例句] He poured himself a whisky and sat down in the chair.他给自己倒了一杯威士忌，然后坐 在椅子上。 [词汇用法] · -self/-selves 构成的代词叫作反身代词。第一人称和第二人称的反身代词由形容性物主代词词尾加-self/-selves构成；第三人称的反身代词由宾格代词词尾加-self/-selves构成。 · 同一人称反身代词有单复数之分。 人称 主格人称代词 宾格人称代词 反身代词 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 第一人称 I 我 we 我们 me 我 us 我们 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 you 你 you 你们 you 你 you 你们 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 he 他 she 她 it 它 they 他/她/它们 him 他 her 她 it 它 them 他/她/它们 himself 他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 themselves 他/她/它们自己 · 反身代词可以作相同人称的宾语，表示动作的主语和宾语时同一个人。 The boy can dress himself. (注意：不用him) [随学随练] 用he的适当形式填空。 (1) Nobody teaches him English. He learns English by himself. (2) He plays basketball so well.  (3) The boy held his mother’s hand when crossing the road. (4) —Dad, is this Bill’s basketball? —No, his is in that box. (5) Leo enjoyed himself in the warm sunshine. 10. *shame /ʃeɪm/ n.羞愧，羞耻，惭愧；令人惋惜的事；v. 使羞愧（或惭愧） [词汇拓展] shameful(adj.)可耻的，丢脸的；ashamed(adj.) 惭愧的；羞耻的 [词汇搭配] feel shame感到羞愧；put sb/sth to shame大大胜过；使相形见绌；使自愧不如 [词汇例句] She felt a deep sense of shame.她深感羞愧。 What a shame they couldn't come. 他们不能来了，真是遗憾。 Their presentation put ours to shame.他们的演出使我们的相形见绌。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —I hear some hunters sell animals’ bones(骨头) for money. —_________. A．I agree. B．Don’t say it. C．That’s interesting! D．What a shame! 【答案】D 【详解】句意:--我听说有些猎人为了钱出告动物的骨头。--真可惜。 考查情景交际。I agree.我同意;Don't say it.别说这个;That's interesting!那很有趣;What a shame!真可惜。根据I hear some hunters sell animals' bones for money可知，在这里可以表达对猎人这种行为的惋惜之情。故选D。 11. *finally/ˈfaɪnəli/ adv.最后，终于；(用于列举)最后 [词汇拓展] final (adj.)最后的，最终的 [词汇例句] When they finally arrived it was well past midnight.他们最后到达时已是第二天的凌晨。 And finally, I would like to thank you all for coming here today.最后，我感谢大家今天的 光临。 12. *into/ˈɪntu/ prep.进入，到……里面 [词汇搭配] walk into a barber’s shop走进一家理发店；be into sth对…十分感兴趣；很喜欢 turn...into...将...变成... [词汇用法] · 表示“进入，到...里面”。 He ran into the room. 他跑进了房间。 · 表示状态的变化 He turned the paper into a beautiful work of art. 他把纸变成了美丽的艺术品。 · 表示行动的结果。 She shamed her father into promising more help.她使父亲感到过意不去，只好答应多给她些帮助。 · 撞上；碰上 The young pandas walked into their friends and fell over. 小的熊猫走路时撞到了它们的朋友，然后 绊倒了。 13. fall /fɔːl/ v. & n. 落下，降落；跌倒，跌落；进入(某状态)；下降，减少；发生，适逢(某日) n. (美式)秋天；掉落；跌倒；下降，减少 [词汇拓展] <过去式> fell [词汇搭配] fall in love with 爱上…；fall down 摔倒；fall behind落后；fall out掉落，脱落 fall over...被...绊倒；fall away减少，减小；消散；fall asleep 入睡 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中fall(过去式fell)的中文意思。 (1) One of the kids falls into the river. (v.) 跌倒，跌落 (2) My birthday falls on a Monday this year. (v.)发生，适逢(某日) (3) All our doubts(疑问) fall away. fall away消散 (4) His hair is falling out. fall out掉落，脱落 (5) He always falls over the chair. fall over...被...绊倒 (6) I went to Xizang last fall. (n.)秋天 (7) Mrs Briscoe had a bad fall last week. (n.)跌倒，摔跤 (8) The boy soon fell asleep on the sofa. (n.)进入(某状态) 14. shoulder /ˈʃəʊldə/ n. 肩膀；v.承担，担负； 背，扛，挑，担 [词汇搭配] on sb's shoulders由某人承担；shoulder to shoulder (with sb) 肩并肩地；齐心协力 [词汇例句] She shouldered her bag and set off home. 她扛起包朝家走去。 She tapped Lily on the shoulder.她拍了拍莉莉的肩膀。 15. surprised /səˈpraɪzd/adj.吃惊的，惊奇的，惊讶的，诧异的 [词汇拓展] surprise (n.)惊奇，惊讶；(v.)使感到惊讶；surprising (adj.)令人惊讶的 [词汇搭配] a surprised look 惊讶的神色 [词汇用法] · surprise既可以作名词，也可以作动词。 She looked up in surprise .她惊讶地抬起头。 He solved the problem himself and surprised us. 他自己解决了困难，使我们感到惊讶。 · surprised表示“感到惊讶的”；surprising表示“令人感到惊讶的”。 We’re surprised to see these pictures. 我们看到这些图片很惊讶。 It’s surprising that the little boy can speak three languages. 真是令人惊讶，这个小男孩会说三门语 言。 [随学随练] 用surprise的适当形式填空。 (1) Sofia Reznikova, a 3-year-old visitor from Russia was one of the travelers. Technologies (技术) in everyday life in China surprised her. (2) However, we are surprised to find that many kids don’t like doing exercise or playing sports now.  (3) Wow, a new Huawei phone. What a big surprise! Thanks. (4) Then a surprising thing at a school camp changed everything. 16. scissors/ˈsɪzəz/ n.剪刀；剪子 [词汇搭配] a pair of scissors一把剪刀；nail scissors [词汇用法] scissor“剪刀”, pants“裤子”等由两部分组成的物体，通常用复数形式。 The pants are Lily’s. 这条裤子是莉莉的。 Please pass me the scissors. 请把剪刀递给我。 [词汇例句] He told me to get some scissors.他让我去拿把剪刀。 17. office /ˈɒfɪs/n.办公楼，办事处，公司 [词汇拓展] [词汇搭配] post office 邮局；booking office(车站、剧院等的)售票处 box office(剧院，电影院的)售票处；office workers办公室人员 [词汇例句] He arrived at the office at 7:00. 他7点到办公室的。 18. receive /rɪˈsiːv/ v.得到，收到；体验，受到（某种待遇或伤害） [词汇拓展] [词汇搭配] He received many presents. 他收到了很多礼物。 We received a warm welcome from our hosts. 我们受到了主人的热情欢迎。 [词汇辨析] receive / accept · receive指“收到”，“接到”，不包含接收人是否愿意接受的含义。 Did you receive Lucy’s letter ? 你收到露西的信吗？ · accept表示接收人主观上接受了所收到的事物。 Zhang Peng didn’t accept Amy’s gifts. 张鹏没有接受艾米的礼物。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 I ________ a gift yesterday but couldn’t ________ it, because it was too expensive. A．received; accept B．accepted; receive C．accepted; accept D．received; receive 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我昨天收到一份礼物，但是我不能接受，因为它太贵了。 考查动词辨析。receive“收到，接到”，表示客观上收到;accept“接受，认可”，表示主观接受。第一空表示说话者客观上收到了一个礼物，应用received，排除B和C;第二空，根据下文because it was too expensive可知，因为太贵了，所以主观上没有接受礼物，应用accept，排除D。故选A。 19. smart /smɑːt/ (adj.)聪颖的，机灵的；(衣服等)整洁漂亮的；智能的 [词汇拓展] smartly(adv.) 迅速的；利落的；clever(adj.)聪明的 [词汇搭配] a smart whiteboard智能白板；smart phone智能手机 the smart young man那个聪颖的年轻人 [词汇例句] She's smarter than her brother. 她比她哥哥聪明。 She always wears smart clothes. 她总是穿着光鲜的衣服。 20. smile /smaɪl/ v.微笑；n.微笑，笑容 [词汇拓展] laugh (v.)笑；laughter (n.)笑声 [词汇搭配] smile at sb. 冲某人微笑；smile one’s thanks笑了笑表示感谢 smile on...垂青，有利于 [词汇例句] He had a big smile on his face.他笑容满面。 When he saw me, he smiled and waved.他看见我的时候，微笑着朝我挥挥手。 3、 重难句型解析 1. Zhou Jian kept his hair long for over two year. 周健留长发两年多了 此句中kept his hair long是“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语是对宾语进行补充说明的，补充说明宾语的状态、特征或动作，是句子意思更加完整。常见的“宾语+宾语补足语”结构有以下几种形式： · 宾语 + 形容词 形容词作为宾语补足语，用来描述宾语的状态或特征。 I found the book interesting.我发现了这本书很有趣。(其中interesting是宾语补足语) · 宾语 + 名词 名词作为宾语补足语，用来说明宾语的身份或状态。 They called the baby Angel.他们给这个婴儿取名叫Angel。(其中Angel是宾语补足语) · 宾语 + 不定式 不定式作为宾语补足语，用来说明宾语的动作或行为。 I asked him to help.我请他帮忙。(其中to help是宾语补足语) · 宾语 + 分词 分词（现在分词或过去分词）作为宾语补足语，用来说明宾语的状态或正在进行的动作。 I saw him running.我看到他正在跑步。(其中running是宾语补足语) · 宾语 + 介词短语 介词短语作为宾语补足语，用来说明宾语的位置或状态。 We found the key under the table.我们在桌子下找到了钥匙。(其中under the table是宾语补足语) [随学随练] 用“宾语+宾语补足语”结构翻译句子。 (1) 她让她的弟弟很开心。 She made her brother happy. (2) 我们给它取名(name)叫Great Orange。 We name it Great Orange. (3) Lisa告诉我等她。 Lisa told me to wait for her. (4) 我刚刚看见Tom在打篮球。 I saw Tom playing basketball just now. (5) 妈妈把我的书放进了箱子里。 Mum put my books into the box. 2. Zhou Jian carefully put the hair into a bag and walked to the post office. 周健小心翼翼地把头发装进袋子里，朝邮局走去。 这是一个并列句，put和walked的主语都是Zhou Jian,第二个谓语动词前的主语省略了。并列句中， 前后两个动作的主语相同时，可以省略后一个主语。 例如：He turned on the light and started to read his English book. 他打开灯，开始读英语书。 [随学随练] (1) 他打开了门，然后走进了房间。 He opened the door and walked into the room. (2) 她打开了电视，然后坐在了沙发上。 She turned on the TV and sat down on the sofa. 3. Thank you for helping kids with cancer. 感谢您帮助癌症患儿。 thank sb. for doing ... 表示“因...而感谢某人”，其中thank是动词。类似表达“Thanks for ...”表示“因... 而感谢...”，此结构中thanks是名词复数形式。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Mom, thank you for ________ of me and loving me every day. A．take care B．takes care C．taking care D．to take care 【答案】C 【详解】句意:妈妈，谢谢你每天照顾我和爱我. 考查非谓语动词用法。介词for后跟动词-ing形式。故选C。 4. It’s time to grow happiness again.是时候再次让幸福生长了。 这是一个常用句型It’s time to do sth.”，表示“是时候做某事了”。类似表达：It’s time for sth. 例如：It’s time for bed. 该睡觉了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) It’s 8:00. It’s time ________ class. A．to B．for C．with D．at 【答案】B 【详解】句意:已经八点了。该上课了。 考查介词辨析。to到;for为了;with和;at在……时刻。根据It's time...class可知，此处应用句型It's time for..，表示“是...时候了”。故选B。 (2) It’s 7:00 now. It’s time ________ to school. A．for go B．to go C．going D．to going 【答案】B 【详解】句意:现在七点了。该上学了。 考查句型。it's time to do sth“是做某事的时候了”，后用不定式形式。故选B。 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) He waved(挥舞) goodbye to his friends as they left. (2) The restaurant had many customers(顾客) during the weekend. (3) Before the project, we did a survey(调查) to understand people's opinions. (4) He used his powerful voice(嗓音) to sing the song. (5) She used the scissors(剪刀) to cut the paper. (6) She was very surprised(惊讶的) to see her old friend at the party. (7) She smiled(微笑) when she saw her favorite movie. (8) She felt a deep sense of shame(羞愧) after realizing her mistake. (9) Don’t speak ill of others behind their backs(在他们背后). (10) She went to the office(办公室) to talk to her teacher. (11) She walked into(走进) the room and saw her friends waiting for her. (12) He received(收到) an email from his friend. (13) Cancer(癌症) kills thousands of people every year. (14) He is a smart(聪颖的) student who always gets good grades. (15) We shouldn’t laugh at(嘲笑) others’ failures. (16) Thank you for(因...而感谢你) helping me clean the room. (17) He said to himself(对自己说), “Don’t give up.” (18) She found the box empty(空的) when she opened it. (19) The leaves fall(落下) from the trees in autumn. (20) She always tries to stay positive(保持积极) even when things get tough. (21) The wind blew(吹) so hard that it knocked over the trash can(垃圾箱). (22) I want to know what will happen(发生) if it rains tomorrow. (23) She put her bag on her shoulder(肩膀) and left. (24) Finally(最终), after weeks of studying, she passed the exam. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的介词。 (1) He fell(fall) off his bike and hurt his knee. (2) She tried to think positively(positive) even when things were difficult. (3) He taught himself(him) how to play the guitar. (4) This is the final (finally) chapter of the book, and it's very exciting. (5) I heard(hear) a strange noise coming from the kitchen last night. (6) He shook(shake) hands with the winner after the game, and then went out of the gym. (7) Hurry up. It’s time to go (go) back home. (8) These trees grew (grow) well last year. (9) Happiness springs from doing good (good) and helping(help) others. (10) Listen carefully(careful). I have something important to tell you. (11) I except Dave to win (win) the game. (12) —Can I fill the box with my model planes? —I’m afraid you can’t. It’s full of my books. (13) Emma gets up early every day, so she is never late for school. (14) Nowadays, more and more people choose to read(read) e-books. (15) —Mary, what happened to you? —Mom, there is something wrong with my eyes.  3. 单项填空。 (1) On hearing the ________ news, she was very ________ and looked at me ________. A．surprising; surprising; with surprise B．surprise; surprised; with surprise C．surprising; surprised; in surprise D．surprised; surprise; in surprise 【答案】C 【详解】句意:听到这个令人惊讶的消息，她非常惊讶，惊讶地看着我。 考查形容词辨析以及介词短语。surprise使惊讶，动词;surprising令人吃惊的，修饰物;surprised感到惊讶的，修饰人;in surprise惊讶地。根据news可知，第一个空处修饰名词news“消息”，应用surprising;根据she was very…知，第二个空表示“感到惊讶的”，应用surprised;根据1ooked at me可知，第三个空处应用in surprise，表示“惊讶地看着”。故选C。 (2) —Mommy, the plane for China is going to ________. I have to go. —Take care. Call me when you get there, no matter(无论) what the time is. A．blow off B．cut off C．take off D．clean off 【答案】C 【详解】句意:--妈妈，去中国的飞机要起飞了，我得走了。--保重，不管几点，你到那儿就给我打电话。 考查动词短语。blow off吹掉;cut off 切除;take off(飞机)起飞;clean off清理。根据the plane for China可知，此处指飞机起飞。故选C。 (3) You have to keep your hair ________. A．short B．be short C．is short D．shorting 【答案】A 【详解】句意:你必须留短发。 考查形容词用法。short短的，形容词;be short系表结构;is short系表结构;shorting卖空，名词。根据句意可知，此处表”你必须留短发”，是keep sth+adj，表“让某物保持.…状态”，形容词表宾补，空处应该用形容词short。故选A。 (4) I’ll give ________ students ________ minutes to finish the composition. A．the other, other two B．the other, two more C．others, another two D．other, two other 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我再给其他同学两分钟时间来完成作文。 考查不定代词。the other其他的.…..other two另两个;two more另外两个.;others其他人，another two另外两个.;other其他的，two other两个其他的.…. students前可加other或the other，“另外两分钟"可以用two more minutes 或者 another two minutes 表示。故选B。 (5) —Are there many shops ________ our school? —Of course. ________, there is a gift shop and a flower shop. A．across; Such as B．through; For example C．across; For example D．through; Such as 【答案】C 【详解】句意:--我们学校对面有很多商店吗?--当然。比如有一个礼品店和一个花店。 考查介词和介词短语辨析。across在在……对面;through穿过;Such as例如(其后一般不用逗号);For example例如(其后要用逗号与其他成分隔开)。分析Are there many shops...our school可知，此处表示“在学校对面”，所以第一空应用介词across;第二空后有逗号，所以第二空应选For example。故选C。 (6) Parents always expect their children ________ a joyful life. A．lead B．leading C．to lead D．led 【答案】C 【详解】句意:父母总是期望他们的孩子过上快乐的生活。 考查非谓语动词。expect sb.to.do sth.期望某人做某事。故选C。 (7) — Although the questions were difficult, the girl answered them correctly. — How________ she is! A．smart B．freezing C．empty D．magical 【答案】A 【详解】句意:--虽然这些问题很难，这个女孩还是正确地回答了它们。-她真聪明! 考查形容词辨析。smart聪颖的；freezing极冷的；empty空的；magical奇异的。根据the girl answered them correctly可知，此处表示“她真聪明”。故选A。 (8) In autumn, leaves start to turn yellow and________ down from the trees. A．happen B．receive C．choose D．fall 【答案】D 【详解】句意:在秋天叶子开始变黄并从树上落下。 考查动词辨析。happen发生；receive收到；choose选择；fall降落。根据句意，“在秋天叶子开始变黄并从树上...下”，可知空格处填“降落”最合适。故选D。 (9) Linda has a beautiful ________ and sings well. She once won lots of prizes. A．princess B．customer C．voice D．smile 【答案】C 【详解】句意:琳达有一副的优美动听的嗓音，唱歌唱得很好。她曾经赢得了很多奖项。 考查名词词义辨析。princess公主;customer顾客;voice噪音;smile微笑。根据sings well. She once won lots of prizes可知琳达有一副的优美动听的“嗓音”。故选C。 (10) ________ our surprise, Joe got ________ a fight with his best friend Paul. A．To; into B．To; onto C．With; into D．With; onto 【答案】A 【详解】句意:令我们吃惊的是，乔和他最好的朋友保罗打了一架。 考查介词辨析。to到;with有;into进入;onto到…上。to one's surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，是固定搭配，排除CD;get into a fight“打架”，也是固定用法。故选A。 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 根据情境写句子。 (1) 请分享一些关于“How to lead a positive life”的建议。 【参考答案】 Think positively and find the bright side of life. Spend time with positive people. Keep learning. Learning new things can be exciting and fun. Find time to relax and do something you enjoy. (2) David同学对你提出的“Think positively and find the bright side of life”的这条建议不是很理解，请你尝试用举例子的方式，让他更好地理解你的建议。 【参考答案】 For example, my computer broke down yesterday. But I didn't get sad. Instead, I learnt how to fix my computer. It was a positive experience. (3) 简要谈一谈你认为的“the secrets of happiness”。 【参考答案】 Love is the key to happiness. A life without love is like a sunless garden. Staying positive. When we face problems, we should think positively and always stay positive. Helping others. Happiness springs from doing good and helping others. 2. 阅读理解 A My sister and I are twins and we are in the same school, but we look different. She is taller than me. I am heavier than her. Last Sunday, we walked through the town we lived in. It was a sunny day. We talked about our delicious breakfast happily when we walked around. Then we saw a very thin lady with a big box. The box was too big and heavy for her, but no one stops to help her.    After making sure that the lady was not a bad person. My sister said, “Let’s go and help that lady.” Without thinking, I said OK. Then we moved the box to her car. The lady parked her car in front of the supermarket, about 10 minutes’ walk down the road. She was so happy and she thanked us a lot. You could see the happiness on her face. She told us that her students were very excellent, so she bought many storybooks for them as gifts. Then she took out two storybooks from the box and gave them to us. We were happy to help but we didn’t take the storybooks.    We didn’t spend much time. It didn’t take anything out of our day, either. Those few minutes made our day better. It was the best time we had—helping a person in need. 1. What did the writer and her sister talk about on the way? A．The weather. B．Their school life. C．Their town. D．Their breakfast. 2. What did the lady look like? A．She was tall. B．She was heavy. C．She was thin. D．She was short. 3. Who did the lady buy the storybooks for? A．She bought the storybooks for the kind twins. B．She bought the storybooks for her best friend. C．She bought the storybooks for her lovely child. D．She bought the storybooks for her excellent students. 4. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．It’s interesting to read the storybooks. B．They are happy to help people in need. C．It’s necessary to make full use the box. D．They are happy to know the funny lady. 【答案】 【小题1】D 【小题2】C 【小题3】D 【小题4】B 【导语】本文讲述了作者和双胞胎姐姐在镇上散步时，帮助一位瘦弱女士搬重物，女士想把给学生们买的故事书并赠予她们两本，她们虽未接受，但这次的助人经历让她们度过了美好的一天，传达了帮助他人能让生活更美好的主旨。 【小题1】细节理解题。根据文中We talked about our delicious breakfast happily when we walked around.可知，作者和她姐姐在路上谈论的是她们的早餐，故选D。 【小题2】细节理解题。根据文中Then we saw a very thin lady with a big box可知，那位女士看起来很瘦，故选C。 【小题3】细节理解题，根据文中She told us that her students were very excellent, so she bought many storybooks for them as gift可知，女士是为她优秀的学生买的故事书，故选D。 【小题4】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者和姐姐帮助一位女士搬箱子的经历，主要想告诉我们帮助有需要的人是快乐的，故选B。 B Jim owned a shop, and a customer once wondered how he managed to stay so happy all the time. Jim said, “When I wake up in the morning, I know that the day will have good and bad moments for me, but whatever happens, I’m going to choose to be positive.” Then one day, something terrible happened. An armed man broke into the shop, held Jim up at gunpoint and made him open the safe. As he was trying to open it, Jim’s hand slipped(滑落).The man saw this, probably thought, “He’s about to hurt me!” and panicked and fired. Luckily, Jim was rushed to hospital. On the way to hospital, he’d felt fine because a person kept telling him, “Don’t worry. I’m sure you’ll be OK. As soon as we get to the hospital, the doctors will take care of you!” But once Jim was in the operating room (手术室) and he saw the faces of the doctors and nurses, he had the feeling that people though he was more or less dead already. He knew he needed to do something. There was a nurse who was asking him lots of questions, very fast. One question was: “Are you allergic (过敏的) to anything? ” “Yes!” Jim said loudly and everybody stopped what they were doing. There was total silence. “Bullets (子弹)!” Jim said, and all the doctors and nurses started laughing. And then Jim added, “Please operate on me thinking that I’ll live, and not that I’ll die!” The operation was successful, thanks to the skill of the doctors and nurses. But what helped him was that he managed to look on the bright side even in the most dramatic moment of his life. 1. What did the customer ask Jim about? A．The secret of living a happy life. B．The way of managing a shop well. C．The memory of terrible experiences. D．The method of dealing with changes. 2. What does “panicked” most probably mean in Chinese? A．黯然神伤 B．打躬作揖 C．惊慌失措 D．充耳不闻 3. What did the doctors and nurses think of Jim’s condition at first? A．Common. B．Hopeless. C．Unexpected. D．Controllable. 4. Which of the following can be put in the blank (空白处)?    A．On the way to hospital, Jim was comforted. B．Jim was asked a lot of questions by a nurse. C．Jim made a funny joke and everyone laughed. D．A man tried to steal money and almost killed Jim. 5. What can we learn from the text? A．Being brave can be a matter of life and death. B．Money is not the most important thing in life. C．There are good and bad sides of owning a shop. D．Even when things go badly, try to think positively. 【答案】 【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】B 【小题4】C 【小题5】D 【导语】本文讲述了积极乐观的吉姆的故事。吉姆说一天对他来说会有好的和坏的时刻，但无论发生什么，他都会积极乐观。一天，一名持枪男子闯入商店，伤害了他。在生命危急时刻，他也能看到光明的一面。 【小题1】细节理解题，根据第一段Jim owned a shop, and a customer once wondered how he managed to stay so happy all the time.可知顾客问了Jim保持快乐生活的秘密。故选A。 【小题2】词义猜测题。根据第二段An armed man broke into the shop, held Jim up at gunpoint and made him open the safe... and panicked and fired.”可知男子误会Jim要伤害他，惊慌失措的开枪了。所以panicked的意思应为“惊慌失措”。故选C。 【小题3】细节理解题。根据第三段But once Jim was in the operating room (手术室)and he saw the faces of the doctors and nurses, he had the feeling that people though he was more or less dead already. He knew he needed to do something可推断出医生和护士一开始对Jim的情况是不抱有希望的。故选B。 【小题4】细节理解题，根据倒数第二段There was a nurse who was asking him lots of questions, very fast.以及最后一段The operation was successful, thanks to the skill of the doctors and nurses. 可知，Jim讲了一个有趣的笑话，每个人都笑了。故选C。 【小题5】主旨大意题，根据最后一段But what helped him was that he managed to look on the bright side even in the most dramatic moment of his life.可知即使事情变得很糟糕，也要试着积极思考。故选D。 3. 任务型阅读 It’s common for people to have hobbies. They may like singing, dancing or playing sports. But Xu Ruiyang, a girl from Kunming, Yunnan, is different. Studying is her only hobby. At the age of 2, Xu was badly ill and could only move her hands and head in the end. Life became hard for her. However, her parents didn’t give up. They started teaching her living and learning skills. When Xu started learning to write, everything was a challenge (挑战). Sometimes, she couldn’t even hold a pen. But after practicing many times, she finally learned more than 1, 000 Chinese characters before going to the primary school. Although there was much pain from her illness, Xu was never afraid. “When I read a book or do my homework, the pain is gone,” she said. Xu’s parents have helped Xu Ruiyang a lot. When she felt down and wanted to stop doing everything, they gave her a big warm hug and encouraged her, telling her she was doing a good job. In order to let her enjoy the beauty of the world, they took her to travel across China, as well as to more than 20 countries all over the world. During these trips, Xu formed friendships with many warm-hearted people and got hope for life. “Life is short and problems are always there. I’ll make good use of my time and be a happy person.” Xu said. 1. Where does Xu Ruiyang come from? 2. How was Xu’s health condition after her serious illness? 3. How many Chinese characters has Xu learned before being a primary student? 4. Why did Xu’s parents take her to travel? 5. What person does Xu want to be? 【答案】 【小题1】She comes from Kunming, Yunnan 【小题2】 She could only move her hands and head in the end 【小题3】More than 1,000 【小题4】 To let her enjoy the beauty of the world 【小题5】A happy person 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自昆明的阳光女孩徐瑞阳在只有头和手能够移动的情况下，依然在父母的帮助下快乐积极生活的故事。 【小题1】根据第一段But Xu Ruiyang, a girl from Kunming, Yunnan,is different.可知，她来自云南昆明。故填She comes from Kunming, Yunnan. 【小题2】根据第二段At the age of 2,Xu was badly ill and could only move her hands and head in the end.可知，在重病过后，她最后只能动手和头了。故填She could only move her hands and head in the end。 【小题3】根据第三段But after practicing many times, she finally learned more than 1,000 Chinese characters before going to the primary school.可知，在上小学之前，她已经学了1,000多个字了。故填More than 1,000。 【小题4】 根据第四段In order to let her enjoy the beauty of the world, they took her to travel across China, as well as to more than 20countries allover the world.可知，父母带她去旅游，是为了让她享受世界的美。故填To let her enjoy the beauty of the world. 【小题5】根据第五段I’ll make good use of my time and be a happy person.可知，她想成为一个快乐的人。故填A happy person。 4. 完形填空 One day, a teacher asked his students to get ready for a test. They 1 anxiously (焦急地) at their desks for it. To everyone’s 2 , there were no questions, just a black dot (点) on the paper. The teacher told them, “I want you to 3 what you see there.” At the end of the class, the teacher took all the answer papers and started reading 4 one of them in front of all the students. After reading, the classroom was 5 . The teacher began to say, “I am not going to grade (打分) you. I just want you to think about something. No one wrote about the 6 part of the paper. Everyone focused on the black dot. The 7 thing happens in our life. Our life is a gift with love and care. We have all kinds of reasons to celebrate. However, we only see the 8 like being poor, not winning first prize, missing the bus, etc. But they are nothing compared to (与……相比) 9 we have in our lives. Take your 10 away from the black spots in your life. Enjoy each moment that life gives you and live with a positive mind!” 1.A．sat B．slept C．jumped D．stood 2.A．surprise B．hope C．afraid D．worry 3.A．put down B．go over C．write down D．talk about 4.A．either B．each C．both D．all 5.A．empty B．silent C．bright D．dark 6.A．red B．green C．white D．black 7.A．same B．different C．strange D．special 8.A．messages B．answers C．questions D．problems 9.A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 10.A．hands B．ears C．eyes D．nose 【答案】 【小题1】A 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】B 【小题5】B 【小题6】C 【小题7】A 【小题8】D 【小题9】D 【小题10】C 【导语】本文通过一个讲述学生考试的故事，告诉我们应该以积极的心态看待生活。 【小题1】句意:他们焦急地坐在桌前等待它。 sat坐;slept睡觉;jumped跳;stood站立。根据anxiously(焦急地) at their desks for it可知是坐在桌前等待考试。故选A。 【小题2】句意:令所有人惊讶的是，试卷上没有问题，只有一个黑点。 surprise惊讶;hope希望;afraid害怕;worry担心。根据there were no questions,just a black dot可知纸上只有一个黑点，学生很惊讶。故选A。 【小题3】句意:我希望你们写下你们看到的东西。 put down放下;go over复习;write down写下;talk about淡论。根据“what you see there”可知是写下你看到的东西。故选C。 【小题4】句意:下课时，老师收齐了所有的答题纸，并开始在所有学生面前逐一阅读。 either两者之一;each每个;both两者都;all所有。根据one of them in font of all the students可知是阅读每一个试卷。故选B。 【小题5】句意:读完之后，教室里一片寂静。 empty空的;silent寂静的;bright明亮的;dark黑暗的。根据The teacher began to say可知教室很安静，老师开始说话。故选B。 【小题6】句意:没有人提到纸上的空白部分。 red红色;green绿色;white白色;black黑色。根据Everyone focused on the black dot可知每个人都专注黑点，没有人提到纸上的白色部分。故选C。 【小题7】句意:在生活中，同样的事情也发生了。 same相同的;different不同的;strange奇怪的;special!特殊的。根据thing happens in our life可知课堂上发生的事情和我们生活中的事情一样。故选A。 【小题8】句意:然而，我们只看到问题，比如贫穷、没有赢得第一名、错过了公交车等等。 messages消息;answers答案;questions问题;problems问题。根据being poor, not winning first prize, missing the bus, etc可知这些都是生活中需要解决的问题，problems符合。故选D。 【小题9】句意:但这些与我们生活中所拥有的一切相比，根本不值一提。 anything任何东西;something某些东西;nothing没什么;everything一切。根据we have in our lives可知是我们生活中拥有的一切。故选D。 【小题10】句意:把你的目光从生活中的黑点移开。 hands手;ears耳朵;eyes眼睛;nose鼻子。根据away from the black spots in your life可知是把目光从黑点上移开。故选C。 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$