【同步100分背默】Module4 Seeing the doctor知识清单-2024-2025学年八年级下册同步知识背默(外研版)

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【同步100分背默】Module4 Seeing the doctor 知识清单 一.重点词汇背默 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!15 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 Unit1 1.cough咳嗽; 2.fever发烧,发热; 3.headache头痛; 4.stomach腹部,肚子; 5.ache痛,疼痛; 6.toothache牙痛; 7.cold感冒,伤风; 8.health健康(状况)。 9.ill不健康的,有病的。 10.since自……以来。 Unit2 1.heart心,心脏; 2.pet宠物,宠畜; 3.member成/会员; 4.condition状况,身体状况; 5.illness病,疾病; 6.exercise运动,锻炼; 7.well健康的; 8.active积极的,活跃的; 9.sleepy困的,想睡的; 10.daily每天的,天天的; 11.weak弱的,虚弱的; 12.awful极讨厌的,极坏的; 13.then当时,那时; 14.perhaps可能,也许; 二.重点短语背默 Unit1 1.get a stomach ache胃痛,腹痛; 2.how long多久;be ill生病; 3.catch a cold感冒; 4.take one’s/sb.’s temperature量某人的体温; 5.fast food快餐食品; 6.that’s why那就是……的原因; 7.what about…?……呢/怎么样?; 8.do exercise进行锻炼,做运动; 9.too much太多; 10.in front of在……的前面; 11.be harmful to对……有害; 12.don’t worry不要担心; 13.stop doing sth.停止做某事 14.get some exercise锻炼; 15.such as例如; 16.three times a day一天三次。 Unit 2 1.feel well感觉舒服; 2.by doing sth.通过做某事; 3.decide to do sth.决定做某事; 4.feel fit精神很好; 5.take part (in sth.)参加,参与(某事); 6.in excellent condition身体状况很好; 7.feel sleepy感到困乏的; 8.since then从那时起; 9.start doing sth.开始做某事; 10.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事; 11.feel awful感到不舒服; 12.all over浑身,到处; 13.too…to…太……而不能……; 14.see sb. doing sth.看见某人做某事。 Unit 3 1.have a healthy diet健康饮食; 2.in the last three days在最近三天; 3.for the first time首次,初次; 4.in hospital住院; 5.that’s it正式如此; 6.from time to time有时,偶尔,不时; 7.do exercise做运动,做体操; 8.go running跑步; 9.get fit健身; 10.feel lonely感到孤单; 11.all one’s life某人的一生/一辈子; 12.set up建立,创立; 13.developing country发展中国家; 14.take better care of更好地照顾。 三.重点句子背默 Unit1 1. How can I help you? 你怎么了? 2. ---- How long have you been like this? 你像这样多久了?---- Since Friday. 自从周五以来。 3. I’ve been ill for about three days! 我已经病了大约三天了。 4. What kind of food do you eat? 你吃哪种食物? 5. That’s the problem! 那就是问题所在! 6. What about the headache? 那么头疼呢? 7. I haven’t done much exercise since I got my computer last year. 自去年我买了电脑,我就没怎么锻炼过。 Unit 2: 1. I have never been very active, and I do not like sports. 我从不非常活跃,我不喜欢运动。 2. Since then, it has become part of my life. 从那时起,它成了我生活中的一部分。 3. Why don’t we go for a run before school? 上学前我们为什么不跑跑步呢? 4. Perhaps I am too weak to do any exercise. 可能是我太虚弱了以至于不能做运动。 四.易错点背默 考点1 cough 咳嗽(教材P26) 用法分析cough /kɒf/ n. 咳嗽 v. 咳嗽 作名词,have/get a cough意为"咳嗽"。cough还可作动词,意为"咳嗽"。 语境串记 —What's wrong with you?You're coughing all the time. 你怎么了?一直在咳嗽。 —I've had a bad cough (=coughed badly) these days. Perhaps smoking causes my dry cough.我这些天咳嗽得厉害。或许是吸烟引起我干咳的。 考点2.How can I help you?你哪里不舒服?(教材P26) 用法分析How can I help you?相当于"What can I do for you?",本意为 "我能为你做些什么吗?/有什么事我可以为你效劳吗?",可根据不同的语境作不同的翻译。 Are you in trouble? How can I help you? 你遇到麻烦了吗?我能为你做些什么吗? 拓展 医生询问病人的常用语还有:"What's the matter (with you)?" "What's wrong (with you)?" 或 "What's the trouble (with you)?",三者均意为 "(你)哪儿不舒服?"。 —What's wrong/the matter with you?你哪儿不舒服? —I have a headache. 我头痛。 考点3.I feel ill. 我感觉病了。(教材P26) 用法分析ill /ɪl/ adj. 不健康的;有病的 在此作形容词,不用于名词前,通常作表语。illness为名词,意为 "病;疾病",由 "ill(adj.不健康的;有病的) + -ness(名词后缀)" 构成。 We both started to feel ill after the meal. 我们俩饭后都开始感到不适。 He can't come to the meeting today because he is ill(=because of his illness).今天他因病不能来开会。 拓展 ill /ɪl/ adj. 不健康的;有病的 在此作形容词,不用于名词前,通常作表语。illness为名词,意为 "病;疾病",由 "ill(adj.不健康的;有病的) + -ness(名词后缀)" 构成。 We both started to feel ill after the meal. 我们俩饭后都开始感到不适。 He can't come to the meeting today because he is ill(=because of his illness).今天他因病不能来开会。 ill 通常用作表语。 Her mother is ill in hospital. 她妈妈生病住院了。 sick 可用作表语或定语。 She must look after her sick daughter. 她必须照看她生病的女儿。 考点4.I've got a stomach ache and my head hurts. 我胃痛,而且头也痛。(教材P26) 用法分析ache /eɪk/ n. 痛;疼痛 作名词,意为"痛;疼痛"。stomach ache 意为"胃痛;腹痛"。 Linda had a stomach ache this morning. 琳达今天上午胃痛。 拓展 ache可跟在某些表示器官或身体部位的名词之后,表示"……痛"。 用法分析hurt v. (身体部位)感到疼痛 在此作不及物动词,过去式与过去分词均为hurt,其后不能接宾语,也不能用于被动语态。 It hurts when I move my right leg. 我的右腿一动就疼。 拓展pain+in the/one's+表示身体部位的名词" 或 "表示身体部位的名词+hurt"。 I have a backache.=I have a pain in the/my back.=My back hurts. 我背疼。 (2)hurt也可作形容词,意为 "(身体上/感情上)受伤的"。 He was badly hurt in the car accident. 他在车祸中受伤很严重。 She was deeply hurt after hearing the news. 听到那个消息,她感到十分难过。 考点5.①Since Friday. 从星期五开始的。(教材P26) ②I haven't done much exercise since I got my computer last year. 自从去年有了电脑,我就没怎么运动过。 (教材P26) 用法分析since /sɪns/ prep.自……以来 conj.自……以来&16& (1) ①句中的since作介词,常与现在完成时连用。since后面的宾语通常为表示过去时间点的词或短语。 He has been in this school since three years ago. 他三年前就在这所学校了。 (2) ②句中的since作连词,用来引导时间状语从句。主句通常用现在完成时,从句通常用一般过去时。 She has learned to play the piano since she was three years old. 她从三岁起就学弹钢琴了。 典例1 (北京中考)Jim a lot about Chinese culture since he began to study in our school. A.learns B.learned C.will learn D.has learned 【解析】句意:自从吉姆开始在我们学校学习以来,他学到了许多关于中国文化方面的知识。由since引导的时间状语从句可知,此处应用现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作。故选D。 考点6.I've been ill for about three days! 我已经病了大约三天了!(教材P26) 用法分析for + 时间段 常与现在完成时连用,表示某个动作或状态持续了多长时间。for在此表示 "计;达"。 Chinese food has been enjoyed in western countries for a long time. 中餐在西方国家已经流行了很长时间。(怀化中考) 考点7.I see. Have you caught a cold? 我明白了。你感冒了吗?(教材P26) 用法分析I see. 我明白了。 I see! It opens like this.我明白了!它是这样打开的。 I don't see what you mean. 我不懂你的意思。 用法分析catch a cold 感冒 相当于have/get a cold。若表达"患重感冒",要用catch/have/get a bad cold。 I caught a bad cold last week. 我上周患了重感冒。 特别提醒 catch/get a cold 为短暂性动词短语,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用;have a cold 为延续性动词短语,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 考点8.I don't think so. 我觉得没有。(教材P26) 用法分析常用于口语中,表示不同意对方的观点、看法等, 其肯定形式为"I think so."。其中so代替的是对方的观点或看法。 —Don't worry! Perhaps a friend saw it and took it home. 别担心!也许是朋友看到了,把它带回家了。 —No, I don't think so. No one called me. 不,我不这么认为。没人给我打电话。(台州中考) 典例2 (鄂州中考)—I don't like the short story The Gifts. I think it's too old. —___. Although it may be out of date, I still think it's moving. A.I don't think so B.It doesn't matter C.You're welcome D.That's all right 【解析】句意:——我不喜欢《礼物》这个短篇小说。我认为它太老了。——我不这么认为。虽然它可能过时了,但我仍然认为它很感人。由"I still think it's moving"可知,第二个人持不同观点,而B项表示"没关系",C项和D项都表示"不客气",三者均不符合语境。故选A。 考点9.Let me take your temperature...让我给你量一下体温……(教材P26) 用法分析 take sb.'s temperature 量某人的体温 为固定短语,其中动词 take 意为 "测定,量取"。 The doctor took her temperature. 医生量了她的体温。 考点10.Hmm, there's no fever. 嗯,不发烧。(教材P26) 用法分析fever /ˈfiːvə/ n. 发烧;发热 作名词,意为 "发烧;发热"。catch/have a fever 意为 "发烧"。 Last weekend, he caught a cold and had a high fever. 上周末,他感冒发高烧了。 考点11.That's the problem! 问题就在这里!(教材P26) 用法分析That's the problem. 这/那就是问题所在。 相似的说法还有 That's it "那就是了"。 —I drank some strong tea and couldn't fall asleep last night. 我喝了一些浓茶,昨晚失眠了。 —That's the problem./That's it. Strong tea often causes sleeplessness. 这就是问题所在。浓茶经常会导致失眠。 拓展 与此类似的说法还有:That's the point "这/那就是问题所在;这/那就是关键"。 That's the point. To say is one thing, but to do is quite another. 这就是问题所在。说是一回事,而做是另一回事。 考点12.Not really. 不怎么锻炼。(教材P26) 用法分析not really 不,不是,不怎么 常用于口语中,在此表示不太强烈的否定,意为 "不" "不是" "不怎么" 等。根据不同的语境可作不同的翻译。 —Are you busy now? 你现在忙吗? —Oh, not really. 哦,不怎么忙。 考点13.You spend too much time in front of the computer. 你在电脑前花费的时间太多了。(教材P26) 用法分析too much 太多 辨析too much,too many 与 much too 易混短语 义项 中心词 用法 too much 太多 much too much+不可数名词 too many 太多 many too many+可数名词复数 much too 太;非常 too much too+形容词或副词 When there is too much waste, our environment will become dirty. 当有太多的废物时,我们的环境就会变脏。(邵阳中考) There are too many people in the park. 公园里的人太多了。 The house is much too expensive for me. I can't afford it. 这房子对我来说太贵了,我买不起。 巧学妙记 too much, much too,重点区别在尾部; much后接不可数,too后只接形或副; too many须记住,其后名词必复数。 典例3 (安顺中考)My cousin is ________ heavy because he often eats ________ fast food. A.too much; too many B.too many; too much C.much too; too much D.too much; much too 【解析】much too "太,非常",修饰形容词或副词;too many "太多",修饰可数名词复数;too much "太多",修饰不可数名词。第一空修饰形容词heavy,应用much too;第二空修饰不可数名词短语fast food,应用too much。故选C。 考点14.It can be very harmful to your health.这可能对你的健康非常有害。(教材P26) 用法分析be harmful to 对……有害 相当于be bad for。其中 harmful 作形容词,意为"有害的";to为介词。 Cutting down trees is harmful to human beings, animals and plants. 砍伐树木对人类和动植物都有害。(衡阳中考) do harm to 也表示 "对……有害",其中 harm 作名词,to 为介词。该短语可以与 be harmful to 进行同义转换。 Polluted air and water do harm to(= are harmful to)people's health. 受污染的空气和水对人的健康是有害的。 典例4 —Tom, playing computer games ___ your eyes. —I see. Thank you. I will do more sports instead. A.is harmful to B.is good for C.is strict with D.is sorry for 【解析】——汤姆,玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。——我知道了,谢谢你。我会多做运动代替玩电脑游戏。be harmful to "对……有害";be good for "对……有益";be strict with "对……要求严格";be sorry for "对……感到抱歉"。根据常识及"I will do more sports instead"可知,此处表示对眼睛有害,故选A。 用法分析/helθ/ n. 健康(状况) 作名词,be in good/poor health表示 "身体好/不好"。 Although Zhang Guimei isn't in good health, she works hard to help her students. 尽管张桂梅身体不好,但她仍然努力帮助她的学生。(重庆中考B卷) 拓展 与health相关的词语: 语境串记 We must eat healthily to stay. .healthy, so get out of your unhealthy habits and don't eat or drink unhealthily from now on. 我们必须健康地饮食来保持健康,因此从现在开始改掉你不健康的习惯,不要不健康地吃喝了。 考点15.Take it three times a day. 每天服用三次。(教材P26) 用法分析take /teɪk/ v. (尤指有规律地) 吃,喝 Don't take too much sugar. 不要摄入太多的糖。 You have a fever! Why don't you take some medicine?你发烧了!怎么不吃些药呢? 拓展 take 作动词,还可意为 "拍摄"。take a picture/photo (of sb.) "(给某人)拍照"。 Can you take a picture of me? 你能给我拍张照吗? Young parents like taking photos of their baby. 年轻父母喜欢给自己的宝宝拍照。 用法分析times a day 每天三次 表示动作发生的频率。time在此作可数名词,意为 "次;回"。对次数提问用 how many times。 You should brush your teeth three times a day. 你应当每天刷三次牙。 1.once 一次 2.两次 3.词 + times ……次 (三次或三次以上) — How many times should I take the medicine a day? 我应该一天吃几次药? —Twice. 两次。 特别提醒 对表示频率的词或短语进行提问时,应用how often。 —How often do you see a film? 你多久看一次电影? —Three times a week. 一周三次。 考点16.I was not feeling very well so the doctor checked my heart and said I needed more exercise.我感觉不是很舒服,因此医生检查了我的心脏并说我需要更多的锻炼。(教材P28) 用法分析well /wel/ adj. 健康的&2& 在此作形容词,常用于系动词be、feel等之后作表语。 My father is very well now. 我爸爸现在身体很好。 辨析well 与 good well 作形容词,意为"健康 的",通常作表语,表 示身体好。 比较级为better, 最高级为best。 You look very well. 你看上去 很健康。 good 作形容词,意为"好 的",既可作定语,也可作表语。 This is a good book.这是一本好书。 This book is good. 这本书很好。 拓展 well还可作副词,其常见用法有: 用法分析heart /hɑːt/ n. 心;心脏 Regular exercise is good for the heart. 经常锻炼对心脏有好处。 heart 构成的常见短语: 考点17.I have never been very active, and I do not like sports. 我从来都不是很活跃,而且不喜欢运动。(教材P28) 用法分析active /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 积极的;活跃的 actively /ˈæktɪvli/ adv. 积极地 作形容词,be active in "在……(方面)积极",take an active part in "积极参加……"。 Most birds are active in the daytime. 大多数鸟在白天很活跃。(连云港中考) I am very active in singing. 我在唱歌方面很积极。 Everyone should take an active part in garbage sorting. 每个人都应该积极参与垃圾分类。 典例1 (宜昌中考)—How are you getting on with your cousin? —Very well. He is really and joins in all kinds of activities in his spare time. A.polite B.strict C.active D.careful 【解析】空后的"在空闲时间参加各类活动"提示空处用形容词active(活跃的),故选C。polite"有礼貌的";strict"严格的";careful"认真的"。 考点18.Now I get exercise by taking him for a walk every day. 现在我每天通过遛狗来锻炼身体。(教材P28) 用法分析by prep. 通过 在此作介词,表示方式,后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 —Could you tell me how I will pay for the fruit? 你能告诉我怎样付钱买水果吗? —By paying over the Internet.通过网络付款。(天津中考) 辨析 by, in 与 with by "借助;通过",通常指通过某种行为方式或手段。 He makes a living by selling flowers. 他以卖花为生。 in "用",通常指用某种语言、书写材料、声音类型等。 We write in blue ink. 我们用蓝墨水写字。 with "用",通常指用某种具体的工具或身体部位。 He broke the window with a stone. 他用一块石头把窗户打碎了。 典例2 (云南中考)—How do you relax in your free time? — doing sports and listening to music. A.At B.On C.In D.By 【解析】句意:——你在空闲时间怎样放松?——通过做运动和听音乐来放松。表示通过某种方式用介词by,故选D。 考点19.I have had him for three months now and I feel really healthy. 现在我已经养他三个月了,我感觉真的很健康。(教材P28) 用法分析have/has had 与表示一段时间的状语连用 是动词have的现在完成时形式,动词have的过去分词had在此代替某些非延续性动词如buy、catch等的过去分词,和表示一段时间的状语连用。非延续性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 我患重感冒10天了。 (×) I have caught a bad cold for ten days. (√) I have had a bad cold for ten days. 这本书你买多长时间了? (×)How long have you bought the book? (√)How long have you had the book? 典例3 —Your scarf is so beautiful! When did you buy it? —On my 12th birthday. I it for 3 years. A.bought B.will have C.have had D.have bought 【解析】句意:——你的围巾真漂亮!你什么时候买的它?——我12岁生日时。我已经买了3年了。由空后的"for 3 years"可知此处应用现在完成时,且句子的谓语动词应用延续性动词,故选C。 考点20.teacher decided to start a girls' football team and I thought, "What a great idea!"我们的老师决定组建一支女子足球队,(当时)我想:"多好的主意啊!"(教材P28) 用法分析start v. 组建;启动 You may start a music club. 你们可以组建一个音乐俱乐部。 What's wrong with my car? I can't start it. 我的车怎么了?我启动不了。 拓展 start作动词,还可表示 "开始;动身" 等。 start out "动身,起程",相当于set out。 Tell us when to start tomorrow morning. 告诉我们明天早上何时动身。 考点21....and she also takes part in the training with us. ……她也和我们一起参加训练。(教材P28) 用法分析take part (in sth.) 参加,参与(某事) 为介词,其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式 。take part in相当于join in。 There will be a party tomorrow. Would you like to take part?明天会有个派对,你想参加吗? Everyone should take part in recycling paper. 每个人都应该参与回收利用纸张。(泰州中考) 拓展 play a(n)...part (in sth.) 意为"(在……中)起……作用"。 Everyone played an active part in the match. 每个人在这场比赛中都起了积极的作用。 考点22.She is in excellent condition too. 她的身体状况也很好。(教材P28) 用法分析condition /kənˈdɪʃn/ n. 状况; 身体状况 在此作不可数名词,常见搭配有: Tony often does exercise, so he's in excellent condition. 托尼经常做运动,所以他身体很健康。 My grandma is out of condition. 我奶奶的身体状况不好 拓展 condition 还可意为 "(居住、工作或做事情的)环境,境况,条件",常以复数形式出现,如:living/housing/working conditions 生活/住房/工作条件。 Our government did a lot of things to improve the villagers' living conditions. 我们的政府做了很多事情来改善村民的生活条件。(鄂州中考) 考点23.When I got to work, I always felt very sleepy and I was not happy.上班时,我总感觉很困倦而且不开心。(教材P28) 用法分析get to 着手……,开始做…… 在此意为 "着手……,开始做……",后跟名词、代词或动词-ing。 Every day when I get to work, my workmate gets to tidying her desk. 每天我开始工作时,我的同事就开始整理她的桌子。 拓展 get to do sth.可表示 "开始(感觉到、认识到、成为);达到……地步(或程度)",此时do常为know、like、hate、understand、realize等词,表示一个渐进的过程。 As he grew older, he got to understand his parents. 随着他年龄越来越大,他开始理解他的父母了。 用法分析sleepy /ˈsliːpi/ adj. 困的;想睡的 作形容词,由 "sleep (v. 睡 n. 睡眠) + 后缀-y" 构成。 When you get enough sleep, you won't feel sleepy. 当你睡眠充足时,你就不会感到困。(威海中考) 常见的由 "名词+后缀-y" 构成的形容词还有: lucky (luck+-y) 幸运的 noisy (noise去e+-y) 吵闹的 healthy (health+-y) 健康的 rainy (rain+-y) 下雨的 sunny (sun双写n+-y) 晴朗的 辨析 sleepy 与 asleep sleepy 意为"困的;想睡的",可作定语或表语。 The warmth of the fire made her feel sleepy. 暖洋洋的炉火使她昏昏欲睡。 asleep 意为"睡着的,睡熟的", 通常作表语。fall asleep  "入睡,睡着"。 I always fall asleep quickly when I listen to soft music before bedtime.当我在睡前听轻柔的音乐时,我总 是很快入睡。 语境串记 She didn't sleep well last night, so she feels sleepy now. I think she will fall asleep soon. 她昨晚没睡好,所以她现在觉得很困。我想她很快就会睡着。 考点24.It is my daily exercise. 这是我的日常运动。(教材P28) 用法分析daily /ˈdeɪli/ adj. 每天的;天天的 相当于everyday,在此作形容词,用于名词前作定语,不能作表语。in daily life "在日常生活中"。 This is a daily newspaper. 这是一份日报。 拓展 daily还可作副词,意为"每日;每天",作状语,相当于every day。 I usually brush my teeth at seven o'clock daily. 我通常在每天七点钟刷牙。 考点25.I was weak after a long illness, so I wanted to exercise more. 久病之后我很虚弱,因此我想多锻炼。(教材P28) 用法分析weak /wiːk/ adj. 弱的;虚弱的 At the hospital, my body was weak, but my mind was still very clear. 在医院,我的身体很虚弱,但是我的头脑仍然很清醒。(泰州中考) 拓展 (1)weak作形容词,还可表示"不擅长的,能力弱的"。 be weak in表示"不擅长……;在……方面能力弱",反义短语为be good at/do well in "擅长……"。 I don't like jumping, so I am weak in the high jump. 我不喜欢跳,所以我在跳高方面比较弱。 (2)与weak相关的词: 用法分析exercise /ˈeksəˌsaɪz/ v. 运动;锻炼 在此作不及物动词,意为"运动;锻炼"。 Stand up and exercise often to avoid neck and shoulder pain. 经常站起来运动,避免肩颈疼痛。(河南中考) 拓展 exercise 还可作名词,其含义及用法为: 意为"练习;习题; 一套动作" 可数名词 I have two exercises to do today. 今天我有两道习题要做。 do eye/morning exercises做眼保健操/早操 意为"运动,锻炼" 不可数名词 We should take some exercise every day.我们应当每天做些运动。 考点26.Then a friend suggested, "Why don't we go for a run before school?" 于是一位朋友建议说:"我们为何不在上学前跑跑步呢?"(教材P28) 用法分析go for a run 去跑步 If you want to lose weight, try going for a run in the morning. 如果你想减肥,那么试试早上跑步吧。 拓展 "go for a/an+表示行为的名词"表示"去做某事",常见的还有: 考点27..I feel awful. ……我感到不舒服。(教材P28) 用法分析awful /ˈɔːfl/ adj. 极讨厌的;极坏的 作形容词,feel awful意为 "感到不舒服"。 That's an awful colour. 那颜色难看得很。 He felt awful when he got up in the morning. 早上起床时他感觉不舒服。 拓展 awful作形容词,还可意为"糟糕的",相当于terrible。 The weather was awful yesterday. 昨天的天气很糟糕。 考点28.My legs hurt and I am hot all over. 我腿疼而且浑身发热。(教材P28) 用法分析all over 浑身;到处 It was raining hard and I was wet all over.雨下得很大,我全身都湿了。 拓展 all over 还可表示 "遍布,遍及",all over the world = around the world,意为"全世界"。 People all over the world love pandas,and the panda has become a symbol of China. 全世界的人都喜欢大熊猫,并且大熊猫已经成了中国的一个象征。(天津中考) 考点29.Perhaps I am too weak to do any exercise.也许我太虚弱而不能做任何运动。(教材P28) 用法分析perhaps /pəˈhæps/ adv. 可能;也许 perhaps作副词,常用于句首,表示推测,相当于maybe。 Perhaps we can sing red songs after telling the history of our Party. 也许我们可以在讲完我们党的历史之后,唱唱红歌。 Perhaps it will snow tomorrow. 明天可能会下雪。 用法分析too...to... 太……而不能…… "too+形容词或副词+to do sth."意为"太……而不能做某事"。 Jack is only four years old. He is too young to look after himself.杰克只有四岁。他太小了,不能照顾自己。(沈阳中考) 拓展 too...to...结构可与so...that...或not...enough to... 结构进行同义转换。 我弟弟太小,还不会走路。 My brother is too young(互为反义词) to walk. My brother is not old enough to walk. My brother is so young that he can't walk. 考点30.I fell ill two days ago. 我两天前生病了。(教材P31) 用法分析fall ill 生病 其中fall 作连系动词,意为"进入(某种状态),开始变得",其后常接形容词ill、asleep等作表语。 She fell ill as soon as she got to London. 她一到伦敦就生病了。 My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly. 我爸爸太累了,很快就睡着了。 考点31.Stand up and do some exercise from time to time. 不时地站起来做一些锻炼。(教材P31) 用法分析from time to time 有时;不时;偶尔 相当于sometimes 或 at times。 During the talk she asked us some questions from time to time. 谈话期间她不时地问我们一些问题。 She has to work at weekends from time to time. 她偶尔周末还得工作。 考点32....and I do not have anyone to talk with on the way!……在路上我连个说话的人都没有!(教材P32) 用法分析on the/one's way 在路上 后接地点名词时,应在way后加介词to;后接here、there、home等地点副词时,则不加介词to。 Look, Linda is on the/her way to school. 看,琳达正在去往学校的路上。 On the/my way home, I saw Lucy. 在回家的路上,我看见了露西。 拓展 常见的由way构成的短语还有: 考点33.Why not turn off the computer and TV and join a sports club? 为何不关掉电脑和电视,加入体育俱乐部呢?(教材P32) 用法分析 turn off 关闭&8& 反义词组为turn on(打开)。与turn相关的短语还有:turn up "开大,调高(音量等)";turn down "关小,调低(音量等)"。 The lights in the room are on. Turn them off. 房间里的灯亮着,把它们关了。 Please turn up the TV. Our grandma can't hear it. 请调高电视的音量,我们的奶奶听不到。 特别提醒 turn on/off/up/down均是"动词+副词"型短语,代词作其宾语时要放在中间;名词作其宾语时,放在中间和后面均可。 拓展 turn off/on多指关闭或打开有开关的物体,如电视机、收音机等。动词close(关闭)和open(打开)多指关闭或打开门、窗等。 考点34.Go with your friends so that you will still spend time together. 和你的朋友一起去,这样你们还会共度时光。(教材P32) 用法分析so that以便;目的是 so that在此引导目的状语从句。so that引导目的状语从句时,从句的谓语通常含有can、could、may、should、will等情态动词,且从句与其对应的主句之间没有逗号。 He studied very hard at school so that he could have a better future. 他在学校努力学习以便能有一个更好的未来。 Exercise often so that your body will keep healthy.经常锻炼以使你的身体保持健康。 考点35.The World Health Organization(WHO) was set up in 1948 to help ordinary people all over the world, especially in developing countries.世界卫生组织(WHO)创建于1948年,旨在帮助世界各地,尤其是发展中国家的普通人。(教材P33) 用法分析set up 建立;设立 常和表示组织、机构、团体等的名词连用。 Zhang Guimei is an unusual teacher. She set up the first free girls' high school in 2008. 张桂梅是一位不寻常的老师,她在2008年建立了第一所免费女子高中。(湘潭中考) The company Huawei was set up in 1987. 华为公司创办于1987年。 用法分析developing adj.发展中的 The little boy comes from a developing country. 那个小男孩来自一个发展中国家。 developed 作形容词,意为 "发达的"。developed countries 意为 "发达国家"。 五.语法点记忆 现在完成时(3) 语法示例 1.I haven't done much exercise since I got my computer last year.自从去年有了电脑,我就没怎么运动过。(教材P30) 2.I have had him for three months now. 现在我已经养他三个月了。(教材P30) 3.Since then, it has become part of my life. 自那时起,它成了我生活的一部分。(教材P30) 考向1 现在完成时中的时间状语(since/for...) 现在完成时表示从过去已经开始、持续到现在的动作或状态,常与 "for+一段时间" 或 "since+过去的时间点或从句(从句用一般过去时)" 连用。 He has worked here for over twenty years. 他已在这里工作20多年了。 She's been at this school since 2020.自2020年她就一直在这所学校。 He has learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college. 自上大学以来,他已经学了大约5 000个英语单词。 特别提醒 (1)用于完成时的"since+时间点"可与"for+时间段"进行同义转换。 We have known each other since ten years ago.=We have known each other for ten years. 我们认识有十年了。 (2)对"for+时间段"或"since+时间点/从句"提问,要用how long。 —How long have you worked here?你在这里工作多久了? —For five years./Since five years ago.五年了。/自五年前(就在这里工作了)。 典例1 根据汉语提示,用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。 (荆州中考)从那以后,苏珊成长了,更理解父母了。(grow) Since then Susan ______________ to understand her parents more. has grown up 考向2 现在完成时中的谓语动词 在现在完成时的句子中,表示持续的动作或状态时,动词通常与表示一段时间的状语连用,谓语动词用延续性动词。 非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,若与表示一段时间的状语连用通常要借助以下几种方式: (1)将非延续性动词(词组)转化为"be+形容词或副词"。 begin(start) → be on go there → be there come back → be back come here →be here open → be open close → be closed die → be dead marry → be married finish → be over go to bed → be in bed leave→ be away return → be back get out → be out fall asleep → be asleep lose → be lost fall ill → be ill (2)有的非延续性动词(词组)可以转化为意思相同的延续性动词(词组)。 borrow → keep put on → wear/be on become → be get to know → know buy → have catch a cold → have a cold receive → have go to sleep → sleep 典例2 (合肥一六八教育集团期中)—It's time to work now. —OK. I'll wake Carl up. He for an hour. A.has fallen asleep B.has been asleep C.fell asleep D.falls asleep 【解析】句意:——现在该工作了。——好的。我会叫醒卡尔的。他已经睡了一个小时了。fall asleep "睡着",是非延续性动词词组;be asleep "入睡,睡着",是延续性动词词组。根据语境可知,此处应用现在完成时;由"for an hour"可知,要用延续性动词词组。故选B。 六.写作背默 本模块话题为"卫生健康",谈论了健康饮食和科学锻炼等内容。此类话题的写作主要涉及健康问题产生的原因以及保持健康的建议或计划等。 要点如下: 1.存在的问题;(可从饮食、运动、睡眠等方面思考) 2.产生问题的原因; 3.你的建议。 (健康饮食,经常锻炼,保证睡眠时间等) 要求:根据内容提示,可以适当发挥,词数80—100。 How to keep healthy 素材积累 词汇 be in bad condition 状态不佳  have an unhealthy lifestyle 有不健康的生活方式 junk/unhealthy food 垃圾/不健康食品 stay up late 熬夜 keep healthy 保持健康  have a balanced diet 均衡饮食 do exercise 做运动 enough sleep充足的睡眠 句子 1.Many of us are in bad condition. 我们很多人身体不好。 2.We have an unhealthy lifestyle. 我们的生活方式不健康。 3.Students should have a balanced diet. 学生应该均衡饮食。 4.It's a good habit to do sth. ……是个好习惯。 5.Health is wealth. 健康就是财富。 6.Life lies in movement. 生命在于运动。 How to keep healthy In recent years, students' health has caught people's attention. Some students are in bad condition. Why? That's because they have an unhealthy lifestyle.Some eat too much junk food, such as potato chips and fried chicken. Some hardly do sports because of too much time on screen. Some usually stay up late, so they don't have enough sleep. Then, how to keep healthy? First, we should have a balanced diet and try to eat less junk food. Second, it's a good habit to do an hour's exercise every day. Why don't we go for a run after school? Life lies in movement. Finally, go to bed early and get up early so that we can get enough sleep. If we follow the advice, we can live a happy and healthy life. $$【同步100分背默】Module4 Seeing the doctor 知识清单 一.重点词汇背默 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!15 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 Unit1 1. 咳嗽; 2. 发烧,发热; 3. 头痛; 4. 腹部,肚子; 5. 痛,疼痛; 6. 牙痛; 7. 感冒,伤风; 8. 健康(状况)。 9. 不健康的,有病的。 10. 自……以来。 Unit2 1. 心,心脏; 2. 宠物,宠畜; 3. 成/会员; 4. 状况,身体状况; 5. 病,疾病; 6. 运动,锻炼; 7. 健康的; 8. 积极的,活跃的; 9. 困的,想睡的; 10. 每天的,天天的; 11. 弱的,虚弱的; 12. 极讨厌的,极坏的; 13. 当时,那时; 14. 可能,也许; 二.重点短语背默 Unit1 1.get a 胃痛,腹痛; 2.how 多久;be ill生病; 3. a cold感冒; 4.take one’s/sb.’s 量某人的体温; 5. food快餐食品; 6.that’s 那就是……的原因; 7.what …?……呢/怎么样?; 8.do 进行锻炼,做运动; 9.too 太多; 10.in of在……的前面; 11.be to对……有害; 12.don’t 不要担心; 13.stop sth.停止做某事 14.get some 锻炼; 15. as例如; 16 a day一天三次。 Unit 2 1.feel 感觉舒服; 2.by sth.通过做某事; 3. to do sth.决定做某事; 4.feel 精神很好; 5.take (in sth.)参加,参与(某事); 6.in excellent 身体状况很好; 7.feel 感到困乏的; 8. then从那时起; 9.start sth.开始做某事; 10.enjoy sth.喜欢做某事; 11.feel 感到不舒服; 12. over浑身,到处; 13.too…to… 14.see sb. sth.看见某人做某事。 Unit 3 1.have a 健康饮食; 2.in the three days在最近三天; 3.for the time首次,初次; 4.in 住院; 5.that’s 正式如此; 6. time to time有时,偶尔,不时; 7.do 做运动,做体操; 8.go 跑步; 9.get 健身; 10.feel 感到孤单; 11. one’s life某人的一生/一辈子; 12. up建立,创立; 13. country发展中国家; 14. better care of更好地照顾。 三.重点句子背默 Unit1 1. ? 你怎么了? 2. ---- ? 你像这样多久了?---- Since Friday. 自从周五以来。 3. I ! 我已经病了大约三天了。 4. do you eat? 你吃哪种食物? 5. That’s the ! 那就是问题所在! 6. the headache? 那么头疼呢? 7. I haven’t since I got my computer last year. 自去年我买了电脑,我就没怎么锻炼过。 Unit 2: 1. I e, and I do not like sports. 我从不非常活跃,我不喜欢运动。 2. Since then, it my life. 从那时起,它成了我生活中的一部分。 3. for a run before school? 上学前我们为什么不跑跑步呢? 4. Perhaps I am . 可能是我太虚弱了以至于不能做运动。 四.易错点背默 考点1 cough 咳嗽(教材P26) 用法分析cough /kɒf/ n. 咳嗽 v. 咳嗽 作名词,have/get a cough意为"咳嗽"。cough还可作动词,意为"咳嗽"。 语境串记 —What's wrong with you?You're coughing all the time. 你怎么了?一直在咳嗽。 —I've had a bad cough (=coughed badly) these days. Perhaps smoking causes my dry cough.我这些天咳嗽得厉害。或许是吸烟引起我干咳的。 考点2.How can I help you?你哪里不舒服?(教材P26) 用法分析How can I help you?相当于"What can I do for you?",本意为 "我能为你做些什么吗?/有什么事我可以为你效劳吗?",可根据不同的语境作不同的翻译。 Are you in trouble? How can I help you? 你遇到麻烦了吗?我能为你做些什么吗? 拓展 医生询问病人的常用语还有:"What's the matter (with you)?" "What's wrong (with you)?" 或 "What's the trouble (with you)?",三者均意为 "(你)哪儿不舒服?"。 —What's wrong/the matter with you?你哪儿不舒服? —I have a headache. 我头痛。 考点3.I feel ill. 我感觉病了。(教材P26) 用法分析ill /ɪl/ adj. 不健康的;有病的 在此作形容词,不用于名词前,通常作表语。illness为名词,意为 "病;疾病",由 "ill(adj.不健康的;有病的) + -ness(名词后缀)" 构成。 We both started to feel ill after the meal. 我们俩饭后都开始感到不适。 He can't come to the meeting today because he is ill(=because of his illness).今天他因病不能来开会。 拓展 ill /ɪl/ adj. 不健康的;有病的 在此作形容词,不用于名词前,通常作表语。illness为名词,意为 "病;疾病",由 "ill(adj.不健康的;有病的) + -ness(名词后缀)" 构成。 We both started to feel ill after the meal. 我们俩饭后都开始感到不适。 He can't come to the meeting today because he is ill(=because of his illness).今天他因病不能来开会。 ill 通常用作表语。 Her mother is ill in hospital. 她妈妈生病住院了。 sick 可用作表语或定语。 She must look after her sick daughter. 她必须照看她生病的女儿。 考点4.I've got a stomach ache and my head hurts. 我胃痛,而且头也痛。(教材P26) 用法分析ache /eɪk/ n. 痛;疼痛 作名词,意为"痛;疼痛"。stomach ache 意为"胃痛;腹痛"。 Linda had a stomach ache this morning. 琳达今天上午胃痛。 拓展 ache可跟在某些表示器官或身体部位的名词之后,表示"……痛"。 用法分析hurt v. (身体部位)感到疼痛 在此作不及物动词,过去式与过去分词均为hurt,其后不能接宾语,也不能用于被动语态。 It hurts when I move my right leg. 我的右腿一动就疼。 拓展pain+in the/one's+表示身体部位的名词" 或 "表示身体部位的名词+hurt"。 I have a backache.=I have a pain in the/my back.=My back hurts. 我背疼。 (2)hurt也可作形容词,意为 "(身体上/感情上)受伤的"。 He was badly hurt in the car accident. 他在车祸中受伤很严重。 She was deeply hurt after hearing the news. 听到那个消息,她感到十分难过。 考点5.①Since Friday. 从星期五开始的。(教材P26) ②I haven't done much exercise since I got my computer last year. 自从去年有了电脑,我就没怎么运动过。 (教材P26) 用法分析since /sɪns/ prep.自……以来 conj.自……以来&16& (1) ①句中的since作介词,常与现在完成时连用。since后面的宾语通常为表示过去时间点的词或短语。 He has been in this school since three years ago. 他三年前就在这所学校了。 (2) ②句中的since作连词,用来引导时间状语从句。主句通常用现在完成时,从句通常用一般过去时。 She has learned to play the piano since she was three years old. 她从三岁起就学弹钢琴了。 典例1 (北京中考)Jim a lot about Chinese culture since he began to study in our school. A.learns B.learned C.will learn D.has learned 考点6.I've been ill for about three days! 我已经病了大约三天了!(教材P26) 用法分析for + 时间段 常与现在完成时连用,表示某个动作或状态持续了多长时间。for在此表示 "计;达"。 Chinese food has been enjoyed in western countries for a long time. 中餐在西方国家已经流行了很长时间。(怀化中考) 考点7.I see. Have you caught a cold? 我明白了。你感冒了吗?(教材P26) 用法分析I see. 我明白了。 I see! It opens like this.我明白了!它是这样打开的。 I don't see what you mean. 我不懂你的意思。 用法分析catch a cold 感冒 相当于have/get a cold。若表达"患重感冒",要用catch/have/get a bad cold。 I caught a bad cold last week. 我上周患了重感冒。 特别提醒 catch/get a cold 为短暂性动词短语,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用;have a cold 为延续性动词短语,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 考点8.I don't think so. 我觉得没有。(教材P26) 用法分析常用于口语中,表示不同意对方的观点、看法等, 其肯定形式为"I think so."。其中so代替的是对方的观点或看法。 —Don't worry! Perhaps a friend saw it and took it home. 别担心!也许是朋友看到了,把它带回家了。 —No, I don't think so. No one called me. 不,我不这么认为。没人给我打电话。(台州中考) 典例2 (鄂州中考)—I don't like the short story The Gifts. I think it's too old. —___. Although it may be out of date, I still think it's moving. A.I don't think so B.It doesn't matter C.You're welcome D.That's all right 考点9.Let me take your temperature...让我给你量一下体温……(教材P26) 用法分析 take sb.'s temperature 量某人的体温 为固定短语,其中动词 take 意为 "测定,量取"。 The doctor took her temperature. 医生量了她的体温。 考点10.Hmm, there's no fever. 嗯,不发烧。(教材P26) 用法分析fever /ˈfiːvə/ n. 发烧;发热 作名词,意为 "发烧;发热"。catch/have a fever 意为 "发烧"。 Last weekend, he caught a cold and had a high fever. 上周末,他感冒发高烧了。 考点11.That's the problem! 问题就在这里!(教材P26) 用法分析That's the problem. 这/那就是问题所在。 相似的说法还有 That's it "那就是了"。 —I drank some strong tea and couldn't fall asleep last night. 我喝了一些浓茶,昨晚失眠了。 —That's the problem./That's it. Strong tea often causes sleeplessness. 这就是问题所在。浓茶经常会导致失眠。 拓展 与此类似的说法还有:That's the point "这/那就是问题所在;这/那就是关键"。 That's the point. To say is one thing, but to do is quite another. 这就是问题所在。说是一回事,而做是另一回事。 考点12.Not really. 不怎么锻炼。(教材P26) 用法分析not really 不,不是,不怎么 常用于口语中,在此表示不太强烈的否定,意为 "不" "不是" "不怎么" 等。根据不同的语境可作不同的翻译。 —Are you busy now? 你现在忙吗? —Oh, not really. 哦,不怎么忙。 考点13.You spend too much time in front of the computer. 你在电脑前花费的时间太多了。(教材P26) 用法分析too much 太多 辨析too much,too many 与 much too 易混短语 义项 中心词 用法 too much 太多 much too much+不可数名词 too many 太多 many too many+可数名词复数 much too 太;非常 too much too+形容词或副词 When there is too much waste, our environment will become dirty. 当有太多的废物时,我们的环境就会变脏。(邵阳中考) There are too many people in the park. 公园里的人太多了。 The house is much too expensive for me. I can't afford it. 这房子对我来说太贵了,我买不起。 巧学妙记 too much, much too,重点区别在尾部; much后接不可数,too后只接形或副; too many须记住,其后名词必复数。 典例3 (安顺中考)My cousin is ________ heavy because he often eats ________ fast food. A.too much; too many B.too many; too much C.much too; too much D.too much; much too 考点14.It can be very harmful to your health.这可能对你的健康非常有害。(教材P26) 用法分析be harmful to 对……有害 相当于be bad for。其中 harmful 作形容词,意为"有害的";to为介词。 Cutting down trees is harmful to human beings, animals and plants. 砍伐树木对人类和动植物都有害。(衡阳中考) do harm to 也表示 "对……有害",其中 harm 作名词,to 为介词。该短语可以与 be harmful to 进行同义转换。 Polluted air and water do harm to(= are harmful to)people's health. 受污染的空气和水对人的健康是有害的。 典例4 —Tom, playing computer games ___ your eyes. —I see. Thank you. I will do more sports instead. A.is harmful to B.is good for C.is strict with D.is sorry for 用法分析/helθ/ n. 健康(状况) 作名词,be in good/poor health表示 "身体好/不好"。 Although Zhang Guimei isn't in good health, she works hard to help her students. 尽管张桂梅身体不好,但她仍然努力帮助她的学生。(重庆中考B卷) 拓展 与health相关的词语: 语境串记 We must eat healthily to stay. .healthy, so get out of your unhealthy habits and don't eat or drink unhealthily from now on. 我们必须健康地饮食来保持健康,因此从现在开始改掉你不健康的习惯,不要不健康地吃喝了。 考点15.Take it three times a day. 每天服用三次。(教材P26) 用法分析take /teɪk/ v. (尤指有规律地) 吃,喝 Don't take too much sugar. 不要摄入太多的糖。 You have a fever! Why don't you take some medicine?你发烧了!怎么不吃些药呢? 拓展 take 作动词,还可意为 "拍摄"。take a picture/photo (of sb.) "(给某人)拍照"。 Can you take a picture of me? 你能给我拍张照吗? Young parents like taking photos of their baby. 年轻父母喜欢给自己的宝宝拍照。 用法分析times a day 每天三次 表示动作发生的频率。time在此作可数名词,意为 "次;回"。对次数提问用 how many times。 You should brush your teeth three times a day. 你应当每天刷三次牙。 1.once 一次 2.两次 3.词 + times ……次 (三次或三次以上) — How many times should I take the medicine a day? 我应该一天吃几次药? —Twice. 两次。 特别提醒 对表示频率的词或短语进行提问时,应用how often。 —How often do you see a film? 你多久看一次电影? —Three times a week. 一周三次。 考点16.I was not feeling very well so the doctor checked my heart and said I needed more exercise.我感觉不是很舒服,因此医生检查了我的心脏并说我需要更多的锻炼。(教材P28) 用法分析well /wel/ adj. 健康的&2& 在此作形容词,常用于系动词be、feel等之后作表语。 My father is very well now. 我爸爸现在身体很好。 辨析well 与 good well 作形容词,意为"健康 的",通常作表语,表 示身体好。 比较级为better, 最高级为best。 You look very well. 你看上去 很健康。 good 作形容词,意为"好 的",既可作定语,也可作表语。 This is a good book.这是一本好书。 This book is good. 这本书很好。 拓展 well还可作副词,其常见用法有: 用法分析heart /hɑːt/ n. 心;心脏 Regular exercise is good for the heart. 经常锻炼对心脏有好处。 heart 构成的常见短语: 考点17.I have never been very active, and I do not like sports. 我从来都不是很活跃,而且不喜欢运动。(教材P28) 用法分析active /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 积极的;活跃的 actively /ˈæktɪvli/ adv. 积极地 作形容词,be active in "在……(方面)积极",take an active part in "积极参加……"。 Most birds are active in the daytime. 大多数鸟在白天很活跃。(连云港中考) I am very active in singing. 我在唱歌方面很积极。 Everyone should take an active part in garbage sorting. 每个人都应该积极参与垃圾分类。 典例1 (宜昌中考)—How are you getting on with your cousin? —Very well. He is really and joins in all kinds of activities in his spare time. A.polite B.strict C.active D.careful 考点18.Now I get exercise by taking him for a walk every day. 现在我每天通过遛狗来锻炼身体。(教材P28) 用法分析by prep. 通过 在此作介词,表示方式,后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 —Could you tell me how I will pay for the fruit? 你能告诉我怎样付钱买水果吗? —By paying over the Internet.通过网络付款。(天津中考) 辨析 by, in 与 with by "借助;通过",通常指通过某种行为方式或手段。 He makes a living by selling flowers. 他以卖花为生。 in "用",通常指用某种语言、书写材料、声音类型等。 We write in blue ink. 我们用蓝墨水写字。 with "用",通常指用某种具体的工具或身体部位。 He broke the window with a stone. 他用一块石头把窗户打碎了。 典例2 (云南中考)—How do you relax in your free time? — doing sports and listening to music. A.At B.On C.In D.By 考点19.I have had him for three months now and I feel really healthy. 现在我已经养他三个月了,我感觉真的很健康。(教材P28) 用法分析have/has had 与表示一段时间的状语连用 是动词have的现在完成时形式,动词have的过去分词had在此代替某些非延续性动词如buy、catch等的过去分词,和表示一段时间的状语连用。非延续性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 我患重感冒10天了。 (×) I have caught a bad cold for ten days. (√) I have had a bad cold for ten days. 这本书你买多长时间了? (×)How long have you bought the book? (√)How long have you had the book? 典例3 —Your scarf is so beautiful! When did you buy it? —On my 12th birthday. I it for 3 years. A.bought B.will have C.have had D.have bought 考点20.teacher decided to start a girls' football team and I thought, "What a great idea!"我们的老师决定组建一支女子足球队,(当时)我想:"多好的主意啊!"(教材P28) 用法分析start v. 组建;启动 You may start a music club. 你们可以组建一个音乐俱乐部。 What's wrong with my car? I can't start it. 我的车怎么了?我启动不了。 拓展 start作动词,还可表示 "开始;动身" 等。 start out "动身,起程",相当于set out。 Tell us when to start tomorrow morning. 告诉我们明天早上何时动身。 考点21....and she also takes part in the training with us. ……她也和我们一起参加训练。(教材P28) 用法分析take part (in sth.) 参加,参与(某事) 为介词,其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式 。take part in相当于join in。 There will be a party tomorrow. Would you like to take part?明天会有个派对,你想参加吗? Everyone should take part in recycling paper. 每个人都应该参与回收利用纸张。(泰州中考) 拓展 play a(n)...part (in sth.) 意为"(在……中)起……作用"。 Everyone played an active part in the match. 每个人在这场比赛中都起了积极的作用。 考点22.She is in excellent condition too. 她的身体状况也很好。(教材P28) 用法分析condition /kənˈdɪʃn/ n. 状况; 身体状况 在此作不可数名词,常见搭配有: Tony often does exercise, so he's in excellent condition. 托尼经常做运动,所以他身体很健康。 My grandma is out of condition. 我奶奶的身体状况不好 拓展 condition 还可意为 "(居住、工作或做事情的)环境,境况,条件",常以复数形式出现,如:living/housing/working conditions 生活/住房/工作条件。 Our government did a lot of things to improve the villagers' living conditions. 我们的政府做了很多事情来改善村民的生活条件。(鄂州中考) 考点23.When I got to work, I always felt very sleepy and I was not happy.上班时,我总感觉很困倦而且不开心。(教材P28) 用法分析get to 着手……,开始做…… 在此意为 "着手……,开始做……",后跟名词、代词或动词-ing。 Every day when I get to work, my workmate gets to tidying her desk. 每天我开始工作时,我的同事就开始整理她的桌子。 拓展 get to do sth.可表示 "开始(感觉到、认识到、成为);达到……地步(或程度)",此时do常为know、like、hate、understand、realize等词,表示一个渐进的过程。 As he grew older, he got to understand his parents. 随着他年龄越来越大,他开始理解他的父母了。 用法分析sleepy /ˈsliːpi/ adj. 困的;想睡的 作形容词,由 "sleep (v. 睡 n. 睡眠) + 后缀-y" 构成。 When you get enough sleep, you won't feel sleepy. 当你睡眠充足时,你就不会感到困。(威海中考) 常见的由 "名词+后缀-y" 构成的形容词还有: lucky (luck+-y) 幸运的 noisy (noise去e+-y) 吵闹的 healthy (health+-y) 健康的 rainy (rain+-y) 下雨的 sunny (sun双写n+-y) 晴朗的 辨析 sleepy 与 asleep sleepy 意为"困的;想睡的",可作定语或表语。 The warmth of the fire made her feel sleepy. 暖洋洋的炉火使她昏昏欲睡。 asleep 意为"睡着的,睡熟的", 通常作表语。fall asleep  "入睡,睡着"。 I always fall asleep quickly when I listen to soft music before bedtime.当我在睡前听轻柔的音乐时,我总 是很快入睡。 语境串记 She didn't sleep well last night, so she feels sleepy now. I think she will fall asleep soon. 她昨晚没睡好,所以她现在觉得很困。我想她很快就会睡着。 考点24.It is my daily exercise. 这是我的日常运动。(教材P28) 用法分析daily /ˈdeɪli/ adj. 每天的;天天的 相当于everyday,在此作形容词,用于名词前作定语,不能作表语。in daily life "在日常生活中"。 This is a daily newspaper. 这是一份日报。 拓展 daily还可作副词,意为"每日;每天",作状语,相当于every day。 I usually brush my teeth at seven o'clock daily. 我通常在每天七点钟刷牙。 考点25.I was weak after a long illness, so I wanted to exercise more. 久病之后我很虚弱,因此我想多锻炼。(教材P28) 用法分析weak /wiːk/ adj. 弱的;虚弱的 At the hospital, my body was weak, but my mind was still very clear. 在医院,我的身体很虚弱,但是我的头脑仍然很清醒。(泰州中考) 拓展 (1)weak作形容词,还可表示"不擅长的,能力弱的"。 be weak in表示"不擅长……;在……方面能力弱",反义短语为be good at/do well in "擅长……"。 I don't like jumping, so I am weak in the high jump. 我不喜欢跳,所以我在跳高方面比较弱。 (2)与weak相关的词: 用法分析exercise /ˈeksəˌsaɪz/ v. 运动;锻炼 在此作不及物动词,意为"运动;锻炼"。 Stand up and exercise often to avoid neck and shoulder pain. 经常站起来运动,避免肩颈疼痛。(河南中考) 拓展 exercise 还可作名词,其含义及用法为: 意为"练习;习题; 一套动作" 可数名词 I have two exercises to do today. 今天我有两道习题要做。 do eye/morning exercises做眼保健操/早操 意为"运动,锻炼" 不可数名词 We should take some exercise every day.我们应当每天做些运动。 考点26.Then a friend suggested, "Why don't we go for a run before school?" 于是一位朋友建议说:"我们为何不在上学前跑跑步呢?"(教材P28) 用法分析go for a run 去跑步 If you want to lose weight, try going for a run in the morning. 如果你想减肥,那么试试早上跑步吧。 拓展 "go for a/an+表示行为的名词"表示"去做某事",常见的还有: 考点27..I feel awful. ……我感到不舒服。(教材P28) 用法分析awful /ˈɔːfl/ adj. 极讨厌的;极坏的 作形容词,feel awful意为 "感到不舒服"。 That's an awful colour. 那颜色难看得很。 He felt awful when he got up in the morning. 早上起床时他感觉不舒服。 拓展 awful作形容词,还可意为"糟糕的",相当于terrible。 The weather was awful yesterday. 昨天的天气很糟糕。 考点28.My legs hurt and I am hot all over. 我腿疼而且浑身发热。(教材P28) 用法分析all over 浑身;到处 It was raining hard and I was wet all over.雨下得很大,我全身都湿了。 拓展 all over 还可表示 "遍布,遍及",all over the world = around the world,意为"全世界"。 People all over the world love pandas,and the panda has become a symbol of China. 全世界的人都喜欢大熊猫,并且大熊猫已经成了中国的一个象征。(天津中考) 考点29.Perhaps I am too weak to do any exercise.也许我太虚弱而不能做任何运动。(教材P28) 用法分析perhaps /pəˈhæps/ adv. 可能;也许 perhaps作副词,常用于句首,表示推测,相当于maybe。 Perhaps we can sing red songs after telling the history of our Party. 也许我们可以在讲完我们党的历史之后,唱唱红歌。 Perhaps it will snow tomorrow. 明天可能会下雪。 用法分析too...to... 太……而不能…… "too+形容词或副词+to do sth."意为"太……而不能做某事"。 Jack is only four years old. He is too young to look after himself.杰克只有四岁。他太小了,不能照顾自己。(沈阳中考) 拓展 too...to...结构可与so...that...或not...enough to... 结构进行同义转换。 我弟弟太小,还不会走路。 My brother is too young(互为反义词) to walk. My brother is not old enough to walk. My brother is so young that he can't walk. 考点30.I fell ill two days ago. 我两天前生病了。(教材P31) 用法分析fall ill 生病 其中fall 作连系动词,意为"进入(某种状态),开始变得",其后常接形容词ill、asleep等作表语。 She fell ill as soon as she got to London. 她一到伦敦就生病了。 My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly. 我爸爸太累了,很快就睡着了。 考点31.Stand up and do some exercise from time to time. 不时地站起来做一些锻炼。(教材P31) 用法分析from time to time 有时;不时;偶尔 相当于sometimes 或 at times。 During the talk she asked us some questions from time to time. 谈话期间她不时地问我们一些问题。 She has to work at weekends from time to time. 她偶尔周末还得工作。 考点32....and I do not have anyone to talk with on the way!……在路上我连个说话的人都没有!(教材P32) 用法分析on the/one's way 在路上 后接地点名词时,应在way后加介词to;后接here、there、home等地点副词时,则不加介词to。 Look, Linda is on the/her way to school. 看,琳达正在去往学校的路上。 On the/my way home, I saw Lucy. 在回家的路上,我看见了露西。 拓展 常见的由way构成的短语还有: 考点33.Why not turn off the computer and TV and join a sports club? 为何不关掉电脑和电视,加入体育俱乐部呢?(教材P32) 用法分析 turn off 关闭&8& 反义词组为turn on(打开)。与turn相关的短语还有:turn up "开大,调高(音量等)";turn down "关小,调低(音量等)"。 The lights in the room are on. Turn them off. 房间里的灯亮着,把它们关了。 Please turn up the TV. Our grandma can't hear it. 请调高电视的音量,我们的奶奶听不到。 特别提醒 turn on/off/up/down均是"动词+副词"型短语,代词作其宾语时要放在中间;名词作其宾语时,放在中间和后面均可。 拓展 turn off/on多指关闭或打开有开关的物体,如电视机、收音机等。动词close(关闭)和open(打开)多指关闭或打开门、窗等。 考点34.Go with your friends so that you will still spend time together. 和你的朋友一起去,这样你们还会共度时光。(教材P32) 用法分析so that以便;目的是 so that在此引导目的状语从句。so that引导目的状语从句时,从句的谓语通常含有can、could、may、should、will等情态动词,且从句与其对应的主句之间没有逗号。 He studied very hard at school so that he could have a better future. 他在学校努力学习以便能有一个更好的未来。 Exercise often so that your body will keep healthy.经常锻炼以使你的身体保持健康。 考点35.The World Health Organization(WHO) was set up in 1948 to help ordinary people all over the world, especially in developing countries.世界卫生组织(WHO)创建于1948年,旨在帮助世界各地,尤其是发展中国家的普通人。(教材P33) 用法分析set up 建立;设立 常和表示组织、机构、团体等的名词连用。 Zhang Guimei is an unusual teacher. She set up the first free girls' high school in 2008. 张桂梅是一位不寻常的老师,她在2008年建立了第一所免费女子高中。(湘潭中考) The company Huawei was set up in 1987. 华为公司创办于1987年。 用法分析developing adj.发展中的 The little boy comes from a developing country. 那个小男孩来自一个发展中国家。 developed 作形容词,意为 "发达的"。developed countries 意为 "发达国家"。 五.语法点记忆 现在完成时(3) 语法示例 1.I haven't done much exercise since I got my computer last year.自从去年有了电脑,我就没怎么运动过。(教材P30) 2.I have had him for three months now. 现在我已经养他三个月了。(教材P30) 3.Since then, it has become part of my life. 自那时起,它成了我生活的一部分。(教材P30) 考向1 现在完成时中的时间状语(since/for...) 现在完成时表示从过去已经开始、持续到现在的动作或状态,常与 "for+一段时间" 或 "since+过去的时间点或从句(从句用一般过去时)" 连用。 He has worked here for over twenty years. 他已在这里工作20多年了。 She's been at this school since 2020.自2020年她就一直在这所学校。 He has learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college. 自上大学以来,他已经学了大约5 000个英语单词。 特别提醒 (1)用于完成时的"since+时间点"可与"for+时间段"进行同义转换。 We have known each other since ten years ago.=We have known each other for ten years. 我们认识有十年了。 (2)对"for+时间段"或"since+时间点/从句"提问,要用how long。 —How long have you worked here?你在这里工作多久了? —For five years./Since five years ago.五年了。/自五年前(就在这里工作了)。 典例1 根据汉语提示,用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。 (荆州中考)从那以后,苏珊成长了,更理解父母了。(grow) Since then Susan ______________ to understand her parents more. 考向2 现在完成时中的谓语动词 在现在完成时的句子中,表示持续的动作或状态时,动词通常与表示一段时间的状语连用,谓语动词用延续性动词。 非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,若与表示一段时间的状语连用通常要借助以下几种方式: (1)将非延续性动词(词组)转化为"be+形容词或副词"。 begin(start) → be on go there → be there come back → be back come here →be here open → be open close → be closed die → be dead marry → be married finish → be over go to bed → be in bed leave→ be away return → be back get out → be out fall asleep → be asleep lose → be lost fall ill → be ill (2)有的非延续性动词(词组)可以转化为意思相同的延续性动词(词组)。 borrow → keep put on → wear/be on become → be get to know → know buy → have catch a cold → have a cold receive → have go to sleep → sleep 典例2 (合肥一六八教育集团期中)—It's time to work now. —OK. I'll wake Carl up. He for an hour. A.has fallen asleep B.has been asleep C.fell asleep D.falls asleep 六.写作背默 本模块话题为"卫生健康",谈论了健康饮食和科学锻炼等内容。此类话题的写作主要涉及健康问题产生的原因以及保持健康的建议或计划等。 要点如下: 1.存在的问题;(可从饮食、运动、睡眠等方面思考) 2.产生问题的原因; 3.你的建议。 (健康饮食,经常锻炼,保证睡眠时间等) 要求:根据内容提示,可以适当发挥,词数80—100。 How to keep healthy 素材积累 词汇 be in bad condition 状态不佳  have an unhealthy lifestyle 有不健康的生活方式 junk/unhealthy food 垃圾/不健康食品 stay up late 熬夜 keep healthy 保持健康  have a balanced diet 均衡饮食 do exercise 做运动 enough sleep充足的睡眠 句子 1.Many of us are in bad condition. 我们很多人身体不好。 2.We have an unhealthy lifestyle. 我们的生活方式不健康。 3.Students should have a balanced diet. 学生应该均衡饮食。 4.It's a good habit to do sth. ……是个好习惯。 5.Health is wealth. 健康就是财富。 6.Life lies in movement. 生命在于运动。 How to keep healthy $$

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【同步100分背默】Module4 Seeing the doctor知识清单-2024-2025学年八年级下册同步知识背默(外研版)
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【同步100分背默】Module4 Seeing the doctor知识清单-2024-2025学年八年级下册同步知识背默(外研版)
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【同步100分背默】Module4 Seeing the doctor知识清单-2024-2025学年八年级下册同步知识背默(外研版)
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