专题05 Unit 2 单元话题语言知识把关(完形填空8篇+语法填空7篇))--2024-2025学年高二英语重难知识&题型精练(译林版2020选择必修第三册)

Unit 2 Out of this world (译林版2020选择必修第三册) 单元话题语言知识把关(完形填空8篇+语法填空7篇) Ⅰ完形填空 Passage 1 （2025高二上·四川雅安·阶段练习）As an aerospace engineer, TV host, and author, Emily Calandrelli is devoted to inspiring and educating young people about the wonders of space. Now she is 1 for a major mission: a journey aboard an upcoming Blue Origin space flight. At 37 years old, Calandrelli is set to make a 2 as the first woman from West Virginia to travel to space. Growing up, she never 3 this would happen. Her family didn’t have much money, so she 4 to study engineering because she wanted a practical career with 5 stability. “While I wasn’t always the 6 kid in the room, I was usually the hardest one,” she recalled. Calandrelli 7 a bachelor’s degree in mechanical and aerospace engineering at West Virginia University before 8 her studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Her career took a creative 9 when she became the host of the show Xploration Outer Space. She has also 10 nine books, including The complete Ada Lace Adventures. One of her goals is for kids to 11 themselves working in science fields. The Blue Origin flight, which does not yet have a 12 date, will send Calandrelli and five others into space for 12 minutes. She is excited to 13 Earth from beyond its atmosphere. Fewer than 100 women have been to space, and she is 14 to become one of them. “I feel a sense of 15 and joy to be part of that,” she said. 1．A．qualifying B．applying C．preparing D．paying 2．A．history B．sacrifice C．decision D．promise 3．A．doubted B．imagined C．realized D．wondered 4．A．intended B．volunteered C．hesitated D．managed 5．A．global B．mental C．social D．financial 6．A．richest B．smartest C．oldest D．nicest 7．A．favored B．missed C．lost D．earned 8．A．repeating B．considering C．advancing D．offering 9．A．share B．turn C．chance D．lead 10．A．donated B．advertised C．read D．authored 11．A．see B．keep C．make D．catch 12．A．return B．review C．launch D．service 13．A．appreciate B．recognize C．process D．preserve 14．A．promised B．motivated C．inspired D．honored 15．A．humour B．pride C．adventure D．purpose 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Emily Calandrelli的故事，她是一位航天航空工程师，电视主持人和作家，她激发了年轻人对于太空的好奇心，现在，她即将进行蓝色起源太空飞行，成为西弗吉尼亚州首位进入太空的女性。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，她正在为一项重大任务做准备：搭乘即将到来的蓝色起源太空飞行。A. qualifying取得资格；B. applying应用，申请；C. preparing准备；D. paying支付。根据下文“for a major mission: a journey aboard an upcoming Blue Origin space flight.”可知，Calandrelli正在为这一项重大任务做准备。故选C项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：37岁的卡兰德雷利将创造历史，成为西弗吉尼亚州首位进入太空的女性。A. history历史；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. decision决定；D. promise承诺。根据下文“as the first woman from West Virginia to travel to space”可知，Calandrelli即将创造历史。故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小到大，她从没想过会发生这种事。A. doubted怀疑；B. imagined想象；C. realized意识到；D. wondered想知道。根据下文“Her family didn’t have much money”可知，她的家境贫穷，所以她从没有想象这种事情会发生在自己身上。故选B项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的家庭并不富裕，所以她打算学习工程学，因为她想要一份经济稳定的实用职业。A. intended打算；B. volunteered志愿；C. hesitated犹豫；D. managed设法做。根据上文“Her family didn’t have much money”可知，她的家庭不太富裕，所以她打算学习工程学，因为能找到更好的工作。故选A项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的家庭并不富裕，所以她打算学习工程学，因为她想要一份经济稳定的实用职业。A. global全球的；B. mental精神的；C. social社交的；D. financial财政的。根据前文讲到她的家境贫穷可知，她找工作要考虑经济稳定性。故选D项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“虽然我并不总是房间里最聪明的孩子，但我通常是最努力的一个，”她回忆说。A. richest最富有的；B. smartest最聪明的；C. oldest最年长的；D. nicest最好的。根据下文“I was usually the hardest one”可知，此处表示Calandrelli说自己并不是最聪明的。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在进入麻省理工学院深造之前，她在西弗吉尼亚大学获得了机械和航空航天工程学士学位。A. favored喜爱；B. missed想念；C. lost丢失；D. earned获得，赚的。根据下文“a bachelor’s degree in mechanical and aerospace engineering at West Virginia University”可知，此处描述她获得的学位。故选D项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在进入麻省理工学院深造之前，她在西弗吉尼亚大学获得了机械和航空航天工程学士学位。A. repeating重复；B. considering考虑到；C. advancing发展，进步；D. offering主动提供。根据下文“her studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology”可知，获得学位之后，她又再次进入麻省理工深造。故选C项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她成为节目《探索外太空》的主持人时，她的职业生涯发生了创造性的转变。A. share一份；B. turn轮次，转变；C. chance机会；D. lead领先地位。根据下文“when she became the host of the show Xploration Outer Space.”可知，此处描述她的职业，这份职业应该是她生涯的创造性的转变。故选B项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还写了九本书。A. donated捐赠；B. advertised做广告；C. read阅读；D. authored写作。根据文章开头“and author”可知，她还是一位作家，此处表示她写了九本书。故选D项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的目标之一是让孩子们看到自己在科学领域工作。A. see看见；B. keep保持；C. make制作；D. catch抓。根据上文“One of her goals is for kids to”及下文“themselves working in science fields.”可知，Calandrelli的目标之一是让孩子们看到自己在科学领域工作。故选A项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：蓝色起源的这次飞行还没有确定发射日期，它将把卡兰德雷利和其他五人送入太空12分钟。A. return返回；B. review回顾；C. launch发射；D. service服务。根据第一段“Now she is ____1____ for a major mission: a journey aboard an upcoming Blue Origin space flight”可知，蓝色起源的飞行即将到来，但是还没有确切的发射日期。故选C项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很高兴能从大气层外欣赏地球。A. appreciate欣赏，感激；B. recognize识别，认可；C. process处理；D. preserve保护。根据下文“Earth from beyond its atmosphere.”可知，她将要飞上太空，从大气层外欣赏地球。故选A项。 14．考查动词、形容词词义辨析。句意：只有不到100名女性去过太空，她很荣幸能成为其中一员。A. promised承诺；B. motivated激励；C. inspired鼓舞，启发；D. honored尊重，荣幸的。根据上文“Fewer than 100 women have been to space”可知，去过太空的女性很少，她十分荣幸能成为其中之一。故选D项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“能成为其中的一员，我感到骄傲和快乐，”她说。A. humour幽默；B. pride骄傲；C. adventure冒险；D. purpose目的。 根据上文“Fewer than 100 women have been to space, and she is ____14____ to become one of them.”可知，她能成为为数不多的飞入太空的女性，感到骄傲和快乐。故选B项。 Passage 2 China’s space exploration has once again achieved a great success. The launch of the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft was a memorable moment for all Chinese, marking the beginning of a new 16 in China’s space journey. The Long March-2F rocket was the perfect 17 for this important mission with its impressive appearance and stable technology, and the astronauts underwent 18 training. At zero seconds, with everyone’s hearts 19 , the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke. Back on Earth, people watched the launch on TV and 20 the astronauts’ progress through live broadcast. The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft 21 China’s ability to compete with the world’s leading space agencies. During the mission, the astronauts will have 22 tasks to accomplish. They will 23 scientific experiments and prepare for future missions. They will also take time to enjoy the beautiful 24 of Earth from space. The Shenzhou-19 spacecraft is supposed to 25 its mission after six months in space. The success of the mission will inspire many young people to pursue their dreams of becoming astronauts. Since 2003, with each new mission, China has shown its ability to 26 and push the boundaries of human knowledge. And with its strong scientific and technological 27 , China is sure to make greater achievements in the future. The Shenzhou-19 mission is a constant 28 of China’s growing influence in space exploration. It marks a new era in China’s space exploration and 29 the world’s attention to the country’s development. As China continues to progress, we can only imagine what the future holds for this 30 nation. 16．A．framework B．chapter C．mode D．platform 17．A．option B．combination C．location D．definition 18．A．dramatic B．appealing C．flexible D．demanding 19．A．beating B．sinking C．racing D．melting 20．A．followed B．documented C．monitored D．noticed 21．A．facilitated B．identified C．clarified D．demonstrated 22．A．multiple B．urgent C．physical D．risky 23．A．draw on B．carry out C．bring up D．deal with 24．A．images B．fields C．sights D．figures 25．A．summarize B．occupy C．interrupt D．complete 26．A．wonder B．innovate C．sustain D．apply 27．A．expansion B．background C．introduction D．competence 28．A．reminder B．warning C．operation D．factor 29．A．refer B．limits C．absorbs D．connects 30．A．humble B．powerful C．reliable D．generous 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．B 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国神舟19号飞船成功发射及其影响，这标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：神舟19号飞船的发射对所有中国人来说都是一个难忘的时刻，标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始。A. framework框架；B. chapter篇章；C. mode模式；D. platform平台。结合语境以及最后一段中“It marks a new era in China’s space exploration(这标志着中国太空探索进入了一个新时代)”可知，神舟19号飞船的发射标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始，故选B。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：长征二号F火箭以其令人印象深刻的外观和稳定的技术成为这项重要任务的完美选择，宇航员们接受了严格的训练。A. option选择；B. combination结合；C. location位置；D. definition定义。结合“with its impressive appearance and stable technology”可知，长征二号F火箭拥有令人印象深刻的外观和稳定的技术，故被这次任务选中作为运载火箭，故选A。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. dramatic戏剧性的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. flexible灵活的；D. demanding要求极严的。空处修饰名词“training”，宇航员们应是接受严格的训练，故选D。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在零秒的时候，随着每个人的心跳加速，火箭飞向天空，留下了一条火和烟的痕迹。A. beating打败；B. sinking沉没；C. racing加速；D. melting融化。根据“the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke”可知，火箭发射时刻，大家应是因紧张、激动等心跳加速，故选C。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到地球后，人们在电视上观看发射，并通过直播跟踪航天员的进展。A. followed跟随，关注，密切注视；B. documented记录；C. monitored监视；D. noticed注意到。根据“the astronauts’ progress”可知，此处指火箭发射后通过跟踪了解航天员们的进展，故选A。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：航天器的成功发射和运行证明了中国与世界领先航天机构竞争的能力。A. facilitated促进；B. identified识别，确认；C. clarified澄清；D. demonstrated证明。结合主语“The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft”和宾语“China’s ability”可知，这次成功证明了中国的能力，故选D。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在执行任务期间，宇航员将有多项任务要完成。A. multiple多种多样的；B. urgent紧急的；C. physical身体的，物质的；D. risky有风险的。根据“They will ___8___ scientific experiments and prepare for future missions.”可知，宇航员将有多项任务要完成，故选A。 23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们将进行科学实验，为未来的任务做准备。A. draw on利用，凭借；B. carry out履行，实施；C. bring up养育；D. deal with处理。根据空后“scientific experiments”可知，此处指做实验，carry out experiments“做实验”，故选B。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还将花时间从太空欣赏地球的美景。A. images图片；B. fields领域；C. sights风景；D. figures数字，人物。结合“enjoy”以及“of Earth from space”可知，此处指从太空欣赏地球的风景，故选C。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：神舟19号飞船预计将在太空中飞行6个月后完成任务。A. summarize总结；B. occupy占据；C. interrupt打断；D. complete完成。根据“after six months in space”可知，此处指6个月后完成任务，故选D。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2003年以来，通过每一次新的任务，中国都展示了其创新能力和推动人类知识边界的能力。A. wonder想知道；B. innovate创新，改革；C. sustain维持；D. apply申请，运用。根据“push the boundaries of human knowledge”可知，此处指创新能力，故选B。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭借强大的科技实力，中国在未来一定会取得更大的成就。A. expansion扩大；B. background背景；C. introduction介绍；D. competence能力。根据“China is sure to make greater achievements in the future”可知，中国在未来一定会取得更大的成就，推知中国应是具备强大的科技实力，故选D。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：神舟19号任务不断提醒人们中国在太空探索领域日益增长的影响力。A. reminder提醒；B. warning警告；C. operation操作，手术；D. factor因素。根据“of China’s growing influence in space exploration”可知，神舟19号任务不断提醒人们，中国在太空探索领域日益增长的影响力，故选A。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它标志着中国太空探索进入了一个新时代，吸引了世界对中国发展的关注。A. refer提到，查阅；B. limits限制；C. absorbs吸引；D. connects连接。结合“the world’s attention to the country’s development”可知，此处指中国的发展吸引了世界的关注，故选C。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着中国的不断进步，我们可以想象这个强大国家的未来。A. humble谦逊的；B. powerful强大的；C. reliable可靠的；D. generous慷慨的。结合上文“ The Shenzhou-19 mission is a constant 13 of China’s growing influence in space exploration. It marks a new era in China’s space exploration and 14 the world’s attention to the country’s development. ”且文章多次提到中国与世界领先航天机构竞争的能力和中国的科技实力等可知，此处指这个强大的国家，故选B。 Passage 3 （2025高二上·湖南邵阳·期中）I’m not allowed to touch the moon rocks. This is the lab where the Johnson Space Center 31 the original samples that the Apollo astronauts 32 to the earth decades ago. As I stare at the rocks through glass, Charis, my tour guide, says in a 33 voice: No touching the moon rocks. Before 34 this clean room, I remove all my jewelry. My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits. We then 35 gloves and a hair cover. Finally, we spend a full minute standing in an air shower, under a steady light wind 36 from ceiling to floor to 37 us of any fine dust. Inside the clean room, the rocks are kept in 38 , pressurized containers. Only five sample processors in the world get to routinely handle these 39 stones. They preserve and prepare the samples for studies. To pick up an Apollo rock, they must use special tools, following pretty strict 40 about touching samples. All the 41 is to protect the 382 kilograms of rocks lifted from the moon. “One big 42 belief is that the Apollo samples aren’t being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon,” says Charis. “Neither of those is true.” Keeping priceless samples away from curious 43 allowed scientists to make one of the most surprising lunar 44 of the last 50 years: The moon is wet. Those samples are still offering fresh details about how the 45 — and the entire solar system — formed and developed. 31．A．accumulates B．stores C．tests D．analyzes 32．A．brought B．sent C．donated D．introduced 33．A．thoughtful B．sensitive C．eager D．firm 34．A．leaving B．inspecting C．entering D．observing 35．A．reach for B．deal with C．put on D．inquire about 36．A．blowing B．shooting C．sweeping D．rising 37．A．warn B．assure C．remind D．clear 38．A．useful B．secure C．empty D．new 39．A．precious B．strange C．clean D．previous 40．A．schedules B．laws C．rules D．orders 41．A．effort B．sacrifice C．arrangement D．reform 42．A．uncommon B．contradictory C．impractical D．mistaken 43．A．minds B．looks C．fingers D．questions 44．A．attempts B．fortune C．reservation D．discoveries 45．A．sun B．moon C．earth D．universe 【答案】31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．C 36．A 37．D 38．B 39．A 40．C 41．A 42．D 43．C 44．D 45．B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阿波罗任务带回地球的月球岩石的保存和研究过程。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是休斯顿太空中心储存阿波罗宇航员几十年前带回地球的原始样品的实验室。A. accumulates积累；B. stores储存；C. tests测试；D. analyzes分析。根据后文“the original samples”可知，此处指储存月球岩石样品。故选B。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. brought带来；B. sent发送；C. donated捐献；D. introduced介绍。根据后文“to the earth decades ago”和背景常识，可知阿波罗宇航员将月球岩石带回地球。故选A。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我透过玻璃凝视着岩石时，我的导游查理斯用坚定的声音说：不要触摸月球岩石。A. thoughtful体贴的; B. sensitive敏感的; C. eager渴望的; D. firm坚定的。根据句意及后文“No touching the moon rocks”可知，这里表达我的导游查理斯用坚定的声音说。故选D。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：进入这个洁净室之前，我要摘掉所有的首饰。A. leaving离开；B. inspecting检查；C. entering进入；D. observing观察。根据后文“I remove all my jewelry. My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits. ”可知，此处指进入洁净室之前的步骤。故选C。 35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和我的导游给鞋子套上蓝色纸制套靴，穿上全身工作服。A. reach for伸手去够；B. deal with处理；C. put on穿上；D. inquire about询问。根据后文“gloves and a hair cover”可知，此处指穿上相应的防护装备。故选C。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们花整整一分钟站在风淋室中，从天花板到地板吹过淡淡的风，以清理我们身上的细小灰尘。A. blowing吹；B. shooting发射；C. sweeping扫；D. rising上升。根据前文“under a steady light wind”可知，这里指风在吹。故选A。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们花整整一分钟站在风淋室中，从天花板到地板吹过淡淡的风，以清理我们身上的细小灰尘。A. warn警告；B. assure确保；C. remind提醒；D. clear清除。根据后文“any fine dust”可知，这套设备的目的是清除灰尘。故选D。 38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在洁净室内，岩石保存在安全加压的容器中。A. useful有用的；B. secure安全的；C. empty空的；D. new新的。根据后文“pressurized containers”以及安全和保存要求，容器需要是安全的。故选B。 39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有世界上五位样品处理者可以常规处理这些珍贵的石头。A. precious珍贵的；B. strange奇怪的；C. clean干净的；D. previous之前的。根据后文“They preserve and prepare the samples for studies”结合这些阿波罗任务带回地球的月球岩石的稀有性可知，岩石被称为“珍贵的”。故选A。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们必须使用特殊工具来拿取阿波罗岩石，并遵循非常严格的规则触碰样品。A. schedules日程；B. laws法律；C. rules规则；D. orders命令。根据前文“they must use special tools”结合句意分析操作要求，需遵循特定规则。故选C。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的努力都是为了保护从月球带回的382公斤岩石。A. effort努力；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. arrangement安排；D. reform改革。根据前文“ They preserve and prepare the samples for studies. To pick up an Apollo rock, they must use special tools, following pretty strict 10 about touching samples. ”可知描述了保护岩石的辛勤工作，因此是“努力”。故选A。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个大错是认为阿波罗样本不再被研究，只能告诉我们有关月球的事情。A. uncommon不常见的；B. contradictory矛盾的；C. impractical不切实际的；D. mistaken错误的。根据后文“the Apollo samples aren’t being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon,” says Charis. “Neither of those is true.”可知，这种想法是错误的。故选D。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：将无价样品远离好奇的手指让科学家做出过去50年最惊人的月球发现之一：月球是湿的。A. minds思想；B. looks外观；C. fingers手指；D. questions问题。根据前文“Keeping priceless samples away from”推断，此处指避免好奇的人触碰样品。故选C。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. attempts尝试；B. fortune财富；C. reservation保留；D. discoveries发现。根据后文“ The moon is wet”可知，这句话是该样品帮助实现的新发现。故选D。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些样品仍在提供有关月球——以及整个太阳系——形成与发展的新细节。A. sun太阳；B. moon月球；C. earth地球；D. universe宇宙。根据前文的“The moon is wet”和后文“the entire solar system”以及全文都在描述月球岩石的保存和研究过程，所以此处应指“月球”。故选B。 Passage 4 （2025高二上·云南大理·期中）SPACE, the final frontier, the stuff of dreams. Yet, in reality, a place that is filled with 46 and sometimes tragedy (悲剧). This time, its legendary tale is 47 by British astronaut Tim Peake in his book Space: The human story. It is about the 48 experience and the “unusual normality of what we try and make out our job to be——it’s 49 people doing extraordinary jobs”, says Peake, 50 an ambassador for the European Space Agency. The main image of one photo included in this book 51 the biggest feat (壮举) so far: the 52 moon landing on 20 July 1969. This is not the representative 53 of Neil Armstrong’s first steps, 54 a more candid picture (taken by Armstrong) of Buzz Aldrin walking across the lunar surface. Four days earlier, the Apollo 11 mission 55 the moon, as a striking image of its launch shows. To its left, Ed White can be seen spacewalking during the Gemini 4 mission in June 1965, which saw him floating roughly 150 kilometers 56 Earth. Ed White and astronauts Gus Grissom and Roger Chaffe were set to crew the Apollo 1 mission, a predecessor (前身) of Apollo 11 that was 57 to launch into orbit around Earth in February 1967. The image at top left shows them during capsule training. 58 , all three died on 27 January 1967, after a fire broke out during a test. Thinking of the 59 , Peake says: “We’re looking at establishing a lunar station and stepping stones to Mars. As the ISS (International Space Station) comes to its retirement, it felt like the right time to 60 the whole story up to date.” 46．A．gravity B．options C．risks D．desire 47．A．forgotten B．noticed C．remembered D．told 48．A．roller coaster B．roller skating C．honor roll D．rock&roll 49．A．attractive B．ethnic C．ordinary D．native 50．A．absolutely B．currently C．definitely D．typically 51．A．attaches B．complains C．gathers D．features 52．A．fatal B．final C．first D．funny 53．A．script B．ceremony C．element D．shot 54．A．but B．therefore C．however D．otherwise 55．A．hoped for B．longed for C．provided for D．set off for 56．A．above B．besides C．aside D．behind 57．A．admitted B．chosen C．intended D．pursued 58．A．Unusually B．Unfortunately C．Unfairly D．Uncertainly 59．A．future B．competitions C．scenery D．tradition 60．A．give B．bring C．make D．take 【答案】46．C 47．D 48．A 49．C 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．D 56．A 57．C 58．B 59．A 60．B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英国宇航员Tim Peake在他的书籍Space: The human story中，对太空探索的传奇故事进行了叙述。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在现实中，这个地方充满了风险，有时甚至是悲剧。A. gravity重力；B. options选择；C. risks风险；D. desire渴望。根据下文“and sometimes tragedy”可知，这个地方是充满风险的。故选C。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，英国宇航员Tim Peake在他的Space: The human story一书中讲述了它的传奇故事。A. forgotten忘记；B. noticed注意到；C. remembered记得；D. told讲述。根据上文“its legendary tale”和下文“by British astronaut Tim Peake in his book Space: The human story”可知，英国宇航员Tim Peake讲述这个故事。故选D。 48．考查名词短语辨析。句意：目前担任European Space Agency大使的Peake说，这是一种过山车式的体验，“我们试图让自己的工作变得不寻常——普通人做着不平凡的工作。”A. roller coaster过山车；B. roller skating滑旱冰；C. honor roll荣誉榜；D. rock&roll摇滚。根据第一段“a place that is filled with risks and sometimes tragedy”可知，太空中风险很多，所以在太空中就像是坐过山车一样，故选A。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前担任European Space Agency大使的Peake说，这是一种过山车式的体验，“我们试图让自己的工作变得不寻常——普通人做着不平凡的工作。”A. attractive有吸引力的；B. ethnic民族的；C. ordinary普通的；D. native本地的。根据下文“people doing extraordinary jobs”可知，此处是指普通人做不平凡的工作。故选C。 50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：目前担任European Space Agency大使的Peake说，这是一种过山车式的体验，“我们试图让自己的工作变得不寻常——普通人做着不平凡的工作。”A. absolutely绝对地，完全地；B. currently目前；C. definitely肯定地，当然；D. typically典型地。根据下文“an ambassador for the European Space Agency”可知，Peake目前是European Space Agency的大使。故选B。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书中包含的一张照片的主图像展示了迄今为止最伟大的壮举：1969年7月20日人类首次登月。A. attaches粘，贴；B. complains抱怨；C. gathers聚集；D. features特写。根据上文“The main image of one photo”和下文“the biggest feat”可知，那张照片是对那次伟大壮举的特写。故选D。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本书中包含的一张照片的主图像展示了迄今为止最伟大的壮举：1969年7月20日人类首次登月。A. fatal致命的；B. final最后的；C. first第一次的；D. funny有趣的。根据下文“on 20 July 1969”和历史知识可知，1969年7月20日人类首次登月，空格处意为“第一次的”。故选C。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是Neil Armstrong迈出第一步的代表性照片，而是Buzz Aldrin在月球表面行走的一张更像是被偷拍的照片（由Neil Armstrong拍摄）。A. script剧本，讲稿；B. ceremony仪式，典礼；C. element元素；D. shot照片、镜头。根据上文“The main image of one photo”可知，此处是说这不是Neil Armstrong迈出第一步的代表性照片。故选D。 54．考查连词/副词词义辨析。句意：这不是Neil Armstrong迈出第一步的代表性照片，而是Buzz Aldrin在月球表面行走的一张更像是被偷拍的照片（由Neil Armstrong拍摄）。A. but但是；B. therefore因此；C. however然而；D. otherwise否则。根据上文“of Neil Armstrong’s first steps”和下文“a more candid picture (taken by Armstrong) of Buzz Aldrin walking across the lunar surface”可知，前后两句是转折关系，空格处用but。注意however虽表转折，但空后要有逗号，故选A。 55．考查动词短语辨析。句意：4天前，阿波罗11号登月任务出发了，这是一张引人注目的发射照片。A. hoped for希望；B. longed for渴望；C. provided for供养，赡养；D. set off for出发前往。根据上文“the Apollo 11 mission”和下文“the moon”可知，阿波罗11号是出发前往月球。故选D。 56．考查介词词义辨析。句意：在照片的左边，可以看到Ed White在1965年6月的双子座4号任务中进行太空行走，当时他漂浮在地球上空大约150公里处。A. above在……上方；B. besides除……之外（还）；C. aside在旁边；D. behind在……后面。根据上文“Ed White can be seen spacewalking”可知，此处是指他在地球上方行走。故选A。 57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ed White和宇航员Gus Grissom和Roger Chaffe被安排参加阿波罗1号任务，这是阿波罗11号的前身，计划于1967年2月发射进入地球轨道。A. admitted承认；B. chosen选择；C. intended计划；D. pursued追求。根据下文“to launch into orbit around Earth in February 1967”可知，阿波罗1号任务计划于1967年2月发射进入地球轨道。故选C。 58．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，1967年1月27日，在一次试验过程中发生火灾后，这三人全部遇难。A. Unusually通常；B. Unfortunately不幸的是；C. Unfairly不公平地；D. Uncertainly不确定地。根据下文“all three died on 27 January 1967”可知，三个都死了，这是不幸的事情。故选B。 59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到未来，Peake说：“我们正在考虑建立一个月球站，成为通往火星的垫脚石。随着国际空间站（ISS）即将退役，我觉得现在是时候把整个故事更新了。”A. future将来；B. competitions竞争；C. scenery风景；D. tradition传统。根据下文“We’re looking at establishing a lunar station and stepping stones to Mars”可知，这是Peake对未来的展望，空格处意为“未来”。故选A。 60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到未来，Peake说：“我们正在考虑建立一个月球站，成为通往火星的垫脚石。随着国际空间站（ISS）即将退役，我觉得现在是时候把整个故事更新了。”A. give给；B. bring带来，使处于某种状况；C. make制作；D. take拿走。根据上文“We’re looking at establishing a lunar station and stepping stones to Mars”和下文“the whole story up to date”可知，Peake的意思是现在是时候把整个故事更新了，bring sth. up to date是固定短语，意为“使某物更新”。故选B。 Passage 5 Most people will remember the excitement of receiving their first letter from a pen pal. The 61 of receiving those letters is beyond description. Chen Man-lin, a 15-year-old Hong Kong student, was very happy. Her pen pal was orbiting in the Tiangong Space Station when he wrote inspiring words to her. When Chen 62 the national letter-writing activity named “Sending My Dream to Tiangong” to write to the 63 on Tiangong, she wrote a letter the same evening. In her letter, she detailed every moment of her own planned 64 toward contributing (贡献) to national aerospace (航天航空) development, and what she knew about astronauts and the national aerospace development program. Chen’s 65 to write the letter was more than just an impulse (冲动). Her 66 in space had begun at the age of six 67 she watched the live broadcast from orbit (轨道) of a science lecture. She poured that passion for space into her letter, as well as some of her problems over her studies in life. The three-page reply from Shenzhou XIV astronaut Chen Dong, 68 about a month later. As one of the 30,000 students from all over the country to take part in the activity, Chen was 69 chosen to receive a reply, the only one in Hong Kong. To encourage the students, Chen Dong recalled 70 he became an astronaut step by step. He also shared his tips for overcoming the difficulties when studying physics and other 71 necessary to achieve his goals. He hoped that young Hong Kong people could follow 72 dreams and make contributions to the country. The arrival of a letter from space was also a 73 gift to mark the 25th anniversary of Hong Kong’s return to the motherland. “I’ll do as he 74 in the letter; study harder and 75 to stay healthy. I look forward to contributing to national aerospace development in the future,” said Chen. 61．A．report B．beauty C．message D．kindness 62．A．thought about B．cared about C．talked about D．learned about 63．A．astronauts B．writers C．parents D．teachers 64．A．vacation B．journey C．race D．interview 65．A．purpose B．chance C．decision D．notice 66．A．habit B．style C．story D．interest 67．A．when B．as long as C．as soon as D．as far as 68．A．posted B．left C．arrived D．brought 69．A．suddenly B．luckily C．widely D．truly 70．A．when B．where C．why D．how 71．A．abilities B．skills C．subjects D．hobbies 72．A．his B．their C．our D．your 73．A．proper B．possible C．fair D．useful 74．A．ordered B．promised C．prepared D．advised 75．A．find out B．come out C．work out D．look out 【答案】61．B 62．D 63．A 64．B 65．C 66．D 67．A 68．C 69．B 70．D 71．C 72．B 73．A 74．D 75．C 【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了香港学生陈曼林参加“带着我的梦想上天宫”的全国性活动，幸运地得到了宇航员陈冬的回信的故事。 61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：收到这些信的美妙之处无法形容。A. report报道；B. beauty美妙；C. message信息；D. kindness善良。根据上文“Most people will remember the excitement of receiving their first letter from a pen pal.”可知，此处指收到信的美妙之处，故选B。 62．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当陈了解到“把我的梦想送到天宫”给天宫上的宇航员写信的全国性写信活动时，她当晚就写了一封信。A. thought about考虑；B. cared about关心；C. talked about谈论；D. learned about了解。根据下文“she wrote a letter the same evening”可知，她了解到这个活动后当晚就写了一封信，故选D。 63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. astronauts宇航员；B. writers作家；C. parents父母；D. teachers老师。根据“Sending My Dream to Tiangong”以及下文“and what she knew about astronauts”可知，该活动是给宇航员写信，故选A。 64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的信中，她详细介绍了自己为国家航空航天发展做出贡献的计划旅程的每一刻，以及她对宇航员和国家航空航天发展计划的了解。A. vacation假期；B. journey旅程；C. race比赛；D. interview采访。根据“toward contributing (贡献) to national aerospace (航天航空) development”可知，此处指为国家航空航天发展做出贡献的计划旅程，故选B。 65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：陈写这封信的决定不仅仅是一时冲动。A. purpose目的；B. chance机会；C. decision决定；D. notice通知。根据上文“she wrote a letter the same evening”可知，她给宇航员写了一封信，此处指写信这个决定，故选C。 66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对太空的兴趣始于六岁，当时她在轨道上观看了一场科学讲座的直播。A. habit习惯；B. style风格；C. story故事；D. interest兴趣。根据下文“passion for space”可知，陈对太空感兴趣，故选D。 67．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. when当……时；B. as long as只要；C. as soon as一……就……；D. as far as就……而言。空处引导定语从句，先行词是“at the age of six”，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导，故选A。 68．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个月后，神舟十四号宇航员陈冬发来了三页的回复。A. posted发布；B. left离开；C. arrived到达；D. brought带来。根据下文“Chen was ____9____ chosen to receive a reply”可知，Chen被宇航员选中回信，故此处指回信到达，下文“The arrival of a letter from space”中arrival也是提示，故选C。 69．考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为来自全国各地参加活动的3万名学生之一，陈很幸运地收到了回复，这是香港唯一的回复。A. suddenly突然；B. luckily幸运地；C. widely广泛地；D. truly真正地。根据上文“As one of the 30, 000 students from all over the country to take part in the activity”可知，全国有30000名学生参加活动，故被选中回信是非常幸运的，故选B。 70．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：为了鼓励同学们，陈冬回忆了自己一步一步成为宇航员的。A. when当……时；B. where哪里；C. why为什么；D. how如何。空处引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，结合“step by step”可知，此处指“如何一步步成为宇航员”，使用how引导，故选D。 71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还分享了他在学习物理和其他必要科目时克服困难的技巧，以实现他的目标。A. abilities能力；B. skills技巧；C. subjects科目；D. hobbies爱好。根据“physics”可知，此处指物理和其他科目，故选C。 72．考查代词词义辨析。句意：他希望香港的年轻人能够追随自己的梦想，为国家做出贡献。A. his他的；B. their他们的；C. our我们的；D. your你（们）的。根据“young Hong Kong people”可知，他希望香港的年轻人能够追随他们的梦想，故选B。 73．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这封来自太空的信件，也是纪念香港回归祖国25周年的合适礼物。A. proper适当的；B. possible可能的；C. fair公平的；D. useful有用的。结合句意及“to mark the 25th anniversary of Hong Kong’s return to the motherland”可知，这封来自太空的信是纪念香港回归祖国25周年一个合适的礼物，故选A。 74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我将按照他在信中所建议的去做；努力学习，锻炼身体，保持健康。A. ordered命令；B. promised承诺；C. prepared准备；D. advised建议。根据上文“He also shared his tips for overcoming the difficulties”可知，陈冬在回信中给出了一些建议，故选D。 75．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. find out查明；B. come out出现；C. work out锻炼；D. look out当心。根据“to stay healthy”可知，此处指锻炼以保持健康，故选C。 Passage 6 In my middle school, black and white TVs rolled into classrooms whenever there was a launch of American astronauts. Astronauts became my heroes, and when the 76 came as to what I wanted to do when I grew up, the answer was 77 . On July 20, 1969, I sat in Yankee Stadium, I remember the game was 78 by the news that the Apollo 11 lunar module had landed on the moon. That evening, I stayed up, rewarded by the 79 of Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stepping onto the moon for the first time. Before, during, and after the mission, did they 80 ? Though I never walked on the moon, almost 32 years after that day. I earned a(n) 81 to understand it.     On February 7, 2001, I was fastened into my seat as the 82 boarded the Space Shuttle Atlantis. Was I worried? Yes. About my 83 ? No. As the launch clock counted down, I thought of my 84 . I had to do my job well—or I would 85 the whole team. This mission wasn’t about me. As I began to drift, a crewmate grabbed me and pressed my face to a window. I was overcome with 86 when I looked at the majesty of our planet from 200 miles above. Watching the world go by at 87 five miles per second creates an unparalleled (无与伦比的) perspective: It’s nearly 88 to tell where one country’s border ends and another begins. I can’t help but 89 what I learned as an astronaut. Humans have to teach ourselves to 90 peacefully and sustainably—that’s the true legacy (遗产) of Apollo 11. 76．A．trouble B．question C．battle D．case 77．A．easy B．accurate C．perfect D．persuasive 78．A．changed B．spoiled C．postponed D．interrupted 79．A．sights B．experiences C．phenomenon D．imagination 80．A．succeed B．worry C．insist D．understand 81．A．ability B．attempt C．chance D．place 82．A．pilot B．passenger C．pioneer D．volunteer 83．A．health B．fate C．safety D．honor 84．A．priorities B．options C．assumptions D．responsibilities 85．A．embarrass B．disappoint C．annoy D．shock 86．A．emotion B．ambition C．doubt D．uncertainty 87．A．regularly B．directly C．roughly D．merely 88．A．obvious B．reasonable C．unnecessary D．impossible 89．A．look forward to B．reflect on C．give up on D．look into 90．A．compete B．resist C．coexist D．innovate 【答案】76．B 77．A 78．D 79．A 80．B 81．C 82．A 83．C 84．D 85．B 86．A 87．C 88．D 89．B 90．C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者通过回顾自己从小对宇航员的崇拜，到最终成为宇航员并亲自进入太空的经历，强调了人类必须学会和平、可持续地共存，这是阿波罗11号任务留给我们的真正遗产。 76．考查名词词义辨析。句意：宇航员成了我的英雄，当我被问到长大后想做什么时，答案很简单。A. trouble麻烦；B. question问题；C. battle战斗；D. case案例。根据后文“what I wanted to do when I grew up”可知，当作者被问到长大后想做什么时，作者想要成为宇航员。故选B。 77．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. easy容易的；B. accurate准确的；C. perfect完美的；D. persuasive有说服力的。根据前文“In my middle school, black and white TVs rolled into classrooms whenever there was a launch of American astronauts. Astronauts became my heroes”可知，在作者上中学的时候，每当美国宇航员发射升空时，教室里就会出现黑白电视。宇航员成了作者的英雄。所以当作者被问到长大后想做什么时，答案很简单就是当宇航员。故选A。 78．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1969年7月20日，我坐在洋基体育场，我记得比赛被阿波罗11号登月舱登陆月球的消息打断了。A. changed改变；B. spoiled损坏；C. postponed推迟；D. interrupted中断。根据后文“by the news that the Apollo 11 lunar module had landed on the moon.”可知，比赛被阿波罗11号登月舱登陆月球的消息打断了。故选D。 79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我熬夜了，奖励是看到了尼尔·阿姆斯特朗和巴兹·奥尔德林首次踏上月球的景象。A. sights风景；B. experiences经历；C. phenomenon现象；D. imagination想象。根据后文“of Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stepping onto the moon for the first time.”可知，那天晚上作者熬夜了，奖励是看到了尼尔·阿姆斯特朗和巴兹·奥尔德林首次踏上月球的景象。故选A。 80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在任务前、中、后，他们是否感到担忧？A. succeed成功；B. worry担心；C. insist坚持；D. understand理解。根据后文“Was I worried? Yes.”可知，当时作者从未登陆过月球，所以对于执行任务的前、中、后作者在思考宇航员们是否会感到担忧，通过后文作者自己的经历可知，作为宇航员在执行任务过程中是会担忧的。故选B。 81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我获得了一个机会来理解这一切。A. ability能力；B. attempt尝试；C. chance机会；D. place位置。根据后文“I was fastened into my seat as the pilot boarded the Space Shuttle Atlantis.”可知，2001年2月7日，当飞行员登上亚特兰蒂斯号航天飞机时，我被固定在座位上，可知我有机会来理解这一切了。故选C。 82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2001年2月7日，我被固定在座位作为一名宇航员登上航天飞机 Atlantis。A. pilot飞行员；B. passenger乘客；C. pioneer先驱；D. volunteer志愿者。根据后文“As I began to drift, a crewmate grabbed me and pressed my face to a window. I was overcome with emotion when I looked at the majesty of our planet from 200 miles above.”可知，作者在飞船中开始飘浮时，一个同伴抓住了作者，以及当作者从200英里的高空望着我们星球的壮丽景象时，其深受感动。由此可知，作者作为一名宇宙飞行员执行任务。故选A。 83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于我们的安全？A. health健康；B. fate命运；C. safety安全；D. honor荣誉。根据后文“As the launch clock counted down, I thought of my responsibilities.”可知，当发射钟倒计时的时候，作者并没有担忧自己的安全，而是担忧自己的责任。故选C。 84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着发射钟倒计时，我想到了我的责任。A. priorities优先事项；B. options选项；C. assumptions假设；D. responsibilities责任。根据后文“I had to do my job well—or I would disappoint the whole team.”可知，当发射钟倒计时的时候，作者并没有担忧自己的安全，而是担忧自己的责任，作者想到的是必须做好自己的工作，否则自己会让整个团队失望。故选D。 85．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须做好我的工作，否则我会让整个团队失望。A. embarrass使尴尬；B. disappoint使失望；C. annoy使烦恼；D. shock使震惊。根据前文“I had to do my job well”可知，作者认为自己必须做好自己的工作，否则自己会让整个团队失望。故选B。 86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始飘浮时，一个同伴抓住了我，并将我的脸贴在窗户上。当我从200英里的高空望着我们星球的壮丽景象时，我深受感动。A. emotion情感；B. ambition野心；C. doubt怀疑；D. uncertainty不确定性。根据后文“when I looked at the majesty of our planet from 200 miles above.”可知，当作者从200英里的高空望着星球的壮丽景象时，自己深受感动。“be overcome with emotion”意为“情绪激动”。故选A。 87．考查副词词义辨析。句意：以大约每秒五英里的速度观看世界掠过，创造出无与伦比的角度：几乎不可能分辨出一个国家的边界在哪里结束，另一个国家的边界在哪里开始。A. regularly定期地；B. directly直接地；C. roughly大致地；D. merely仅仅。根据后文“five miles per second”可知，飞船以大约每秒五英里的速度观看掠过的世界。故选C。 88．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. obvious明显的；B. reasonable合理的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. impossible不可能的。根据前文“Watching the world go by at roughly five miles per second creates an unparalleled (无与伦比的) perspective”可知，作者以大约每秒五英里的速度观看世界掠过，创造出无与伦比的角度：几乎不可能分辨出一个国家的边界在哪里结束，另一个国家的边界在哪里开始。故选D。 89．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不禁回想起我作为宇航员所学到的东西。A. look forward to期待；B. reflect on思考；C. give up on放弃；D. look into调查。根据后文“what I learned as an astronaut”可知，作者禁不住的反思自己作为宇航员所学到的东西。故选B。 90．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人类必须教导自己和平共处、可持续发展——那就是阿波罗11号真正的遗产。A. compete竞争；B. resist抵抗；C. coexist共存；D. innovate创新。根据后文“peacefully and sustainably—that’s the true legacy (遗产) of Apollo 11.”可知，作者反思的过程中明白到：人类必须教导自己和平共处、可持续发展。故选C。 Passage 7 Edward J. Dwight Jr. has waited a long time for his ride into space. In the 1960s, he seemed ready to become America's first Black 91 . That dream was never realized. Now, at age 90, he's about to finally get his 92 aboard a Blue Origin rocket. “They called me up and asked me if I was 93 . And of course I said yes,” Dwight says. While Dwight won't be the first African American in space— that 94 went to Guion Bluford Jr. in 1983— he will be the oldest person to go there, 95 Star Trek actor William Shatner, who flew aboard a Blue Origin rocket in 2021. For many his age, a journey into space would seem 96 . Dwight says he's ready to go. He points out that the difficulties of his upcoming 97 won't be much different from what he 98 as a test pilot in the Air Force. “I’ ve pulled more G’s than any person on Earth,” he 99 it with a bitter smile. Space health expert Dorit Donoviel says the 11-minute flight means many of the 100 about the long-term effects of deep-space missions won't come into play. “The main thing we worry about is the G forces,” says Donoviel. 101 , she points out that the seats are 102 at 20 or 30 degrees. “As you’ re-experiencing the G-forces, you' re getting it through the 103 , which is not affecting your head,” Donoviel says. “It's distributed through the chest, which really shouldn't 104 very much.” And then there's the landing. “It's not even a controlled crash. It's a crash,” Donoviel says. Still, she 105   no issues. 91．A．student B．astronaut C．customer D．expert 92．A．name B．shot C．money D．job 93．A．convinced B．excited C．interested D．confused 94．A．honor B．wonder C．account D．prize 95．A．paying back B．edging out C．running after D．laughing at 96．A．unthinkable B．possible C．essential D．invaluable 97．A．risk B．test C．flight D．training 98．A．imagined B．researched C．experienced D．dreamed 99．A．realizes B．puts C．doubts D．shows 100．A．benefits B．solutions C．regulations D．concerns 101．A．Eventually B．Consequently C．Somehow D．However 102．A．reserved B．produced C．angled D．exchanged 103．A．seat B．chest C．door D．foot 104．A．work B．matter C．speed D．fail 105．A．promises B．encounters C．remembers D．discusses 【答案】91．B 92．B 93．C 94．A 95．B 96．A 97．C 98．C 99．B 100．D 101．D 102．C 103．B 104．B 105．A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道90岁高龄的Edward J. Dwight Jr.乘坐火箭进入太空，实现了多年的梦想。 91．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在20世纪60年代，他似乎已经准备好成为美国第一位黑人宇航员。A. student学生；B. astronaut宇航员；C. customer客户；D. expert专家。根据上文“Edward J. Dwight Jr. has waited a long time for his ride into space.”可知Edward J. Dwight Jr.为他的太空之旅等待了很久，所以应该是想成为宇航员，故选B。 92．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，90岁高龄的他终于要登上蓝色起源火箭了。A. name名字；B. shot发射；C. money金钱；D. job工作。根据下文“aboard a Blue Origin rocket”可知他终于要乘火箭被发射到太空了，故选B。 93．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他们给我打电话，问我是否感兴趣。我当然答应了，” Dwight说。A. convinced坚信的；B. excited激动的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. confused困惑的。根据下文“While Dwight won't be the first African American in space— that ___4___ went to Guion Bluford Jr. in 1983— he will be the oldest person to go there”可知他们打电话是问Dwight是否对登上太空感兴趣，故选C。 94．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然Dwight不会是第一个进入太空的非裔美国人——1983年，这一荣誉被授予了小吉安·布鲁福德(Guion Bluford Jr.)——但他将成为进入太空的最年长的人，超越了《星际迷航》(Star Trek)演员威廉·沙特纳(William Shatner)，后者于2021年乘坐蓝色起源(Blue Origin)火箭进入太空。A. honor荣誉；B. wonder奇迹；C. account账号；D. prize奖品。根据上文“While Dwight won't be the first African American in space”可知是第一个进入太空的非裔美国人这项荣誉，故选A。 95．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：同上。A. paying back偿还；B. edging out险胜，勉强击败；C. running after追求；D. laughing at嘲笑。根据上文“he will be the oldest person to go there”可知他是进入太空的最年长的人，所以是超越，故选B。 96．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于他这个年纪的许多人来说，太空之旅似乎是不可想象的。A. unthinkable无法想象的；B. possible可能的；C. essential基本的；D. invaluable无价的。根据前文“Now, at age 90, he's about to finally get his ___2___ aboard a Blue Origin rocket.”可知Dwight已经90岁，所以对于这么大年龄的人能去太空应该是无法想象的，故选A。 97．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他指出，他即将到来的飞行的困难与他在空军担任试飞员时所经历的困难没有太大的不同。A. risk冒险；B. test测试；C. flight飞行；D. training训练。根据上文“For many his age, a journey into space would seem ___6___.”可知描述的是Dwight去太空的飞行，故选C。 98．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. imagined想象；B. researched研究；C. experienced经历；D. dreamed梦想。根据下文“as a test pilot in the Air Force”可知是担任试飞员要经历的困难，故选C。 99．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我比地球上任何一个人经历了更多的重力，”他苦笑着说。A. realizes意识到；B. puts表述，表达；C. doubts怀疑；D. shows展示。根据上文““I’ ve pulled more G’s than any person on Earth,””可知这是他表达的看法，故选B。 100．考查名词词义辨析。句意：太空健康专家多诺维尔说，11分钟的飞行意味着许多关于深空任务长期影响的担忧将不会发挥作用。A. benefits益处；B. solutions解决办法；C. regulations规定；D. concerns担忧。根据下文““The main thing we worry about is the G forces,” says Donoviel.”可知是“worry about”的同义复现，是担忧，故选D。 101．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她指出，座位的角度是20或30度。A. Eventually最终；B. Consequently因此；C. Somehow不知怎地；D. However然而。根据上文““The main thing we worry about is the G forces,” says Donoviel.”和下文“she points out that the seats are ___12___ at 20 or 30 degrees. “As you’ re-experiencing the G- forces, you' re getting it through the ___13___, which is not affecting your head,” Donoviel says.”可知前后是转折关系，故选D。 102．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. reserved保留；B. produced产生；C. angled斜移；D. exchanged交换。根据下文“at 20 or 30 degrees”可知座位的角度倾斜20或30度，故选C。 103．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当你感受到重力时，它会穿过胸部，而不会影响到你的头部，” Donoviel说。“它分布在胸部，这真的不应该太重要。”A. seat座位；B. chest胸部；C. door门；D. foot脚。根据下文“It's distributed through the chest”可知是chest的同词复现，故选B。 104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. work起作用；B. matter要紧；C. speed加速；D. fail失败。根据上文““As you’ re-experiencing the G- forces, you' re getting it through the ___13___, which is not affecting your head,” Donoviel says.”可知重力穿过胸部，不会影响到头部，所以不那么要紧，故选B。 105．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，她承诺不会有任何问题。A. promises承诺；B. encounters遭遇；C. remembers记住；D. discusses讨论。根据下文“no issues”可知是她保证不会有问题，是承诺，故选A。 Passage 8 Neil Armstrong was truly suited to be an Apollo astronaut. And he was also a brave test pilot who put his life on the line for 106 progress. As the first human to walk on the moon, he 107 returned to Earth in 1969. 108 Armstrong’s early life, people felt that fate chose the gifted young man to become an astronaut. He was 109 by planes and took to flying as a child. At 16, he received his pilot’s license and became a test pilot. He went to Purdue University and then served for three years as a fighter pilot. He 110 to Purdue University to finish his degree and was 111 by the National Advisor Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in 1955. Later, he started his space 112 at the NACA Lewis Research Center, but made his 113 as a daring test pilot at another research center . Armstrong flew the famed X-15, an experimentally challenging rocket-powered plane that 114 the lives of several brave National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) test pilots. The X-15 reached a top speed and could climb right to the edge of 115 . But to fully break the 116 of Earth’s atmosphere and survive, he would have to become an astronaut. The long-awaited call to join NASA’s astronaut training program came in 1962. Armstrong 117 himself into his new job at NASA headquarters. Armstrong’s hard work 118 . In 1966, he was chosen as the command pilot for the Gemini 8 mission. The mission required someone with Armstrong’s steady hand and 119 heart. He finally finished the first-ever docking (对接) of two vehicles in orbit 120 much difficulty, which laid the groundwork for his future missions to the moon. 106．A．religious B．scientific C．commercial D．political 107．A．barely B．bitterly C．successfully D．apparently 108．A．Recollecting B．Restoring C．Repairing D．Rescuing 109．A．amused B．drawn C．stuck D．disturbed 110．A．admitted B．restricted C．returned D．objected 111．A．dismissed B．abandoned C．beaten D．hired 112．A．shot B．career C．station D．creation 113．A．plane B．vehicle C．name D．case 114．A．sheltered B．comforted C．monitored D．claimed 115．A．space B．land C．mountains D．oceans 116．A．features B．bans C．bonds D．elements 117．A．persuaded B．threw C．relaxed D．tricked 118．A．fell behind B．faded away C．paid off D．got about 119．A．fearless B．genuine C．enthusiastic D．considerate 120．A．apart from B．instead of C．far from D．regardless of 【答案】106．B 107．C 108．A 109．B 110．C 111．D 112．B 113．C 114．D 115．A 116．C 117．B 118．C 119．A 120．D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国著名宇航员阿姆斯特朗的生平。 106．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他还是一名勇敢的试飞员，为科学进步奉献一生。A. religious 宗教的；B. scientific 科学的；C. commercial 商业的；D. political 政治的。根据上文“Apollo astronaut”和下文“the first human to walk on the moon”可知，阿姆斯特朗是第一个在月球上漫步的人，由此可知，他是为科学的进步奉献。故选B项。 107．考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为第一个在月球上行走的人，他于1969年成功返回地球。A. barely几乎不；B. bitterly痛苦地；C. successfully成功地；D. apparently显然。根据常识可知，阿姆斯特朗1969年成功返回了地球。故选C项。 108． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：回顾阿姆斯特朗的早年生活，人们感觉是命运选择了这个有天赋的年轻人成为一名宇航员。A. Recollecting回忆；B. Restoring恢复；C. Repairing修理；D. Rescuing营救。根据下文“Armstrong’s early life”可知，应是回顾阿姆斯特朗的早年生活。故选A项。 109．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被飞机吸引，并在童年时期就开始飞行。A. amused逗笑；B. drawn吸引；C. stuck卡住、困住；D. disturbed打扰、妨碍。根据下文“ and took to flying as a child.”可知，应是他被飞机吸引。故选B项。 110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回到普渡大学完成学位，并于1955年被美国国家航空咨询委员会聘用。A. admitted承认；B. restricted限制；C. returned返回；D. objected反对。根据上文“He went to Purdue University and then served for three years as a fighter pilot.”可知，阿姆斯特朗先去了普渡大学，后来当了三年战斗机飞行员，故应是返回普渡大学完成学位。故选C项。 111．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回到普渡大学完成学位，并于1955年被美国国家航空咨询委员会聘用。A. dismissed 解雇；B. abandoned 抛弃；C. beaten 打败；D. hired 雇佣。根据下文“by the National Advisor Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in 1955.”可知，他应是被NACA聘用。故选D项。 112．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在NACA刘易斯研究中心开始了他的太空生涯，但在另一个研究中心作为大胆的试飞员而闻名。A. shot射击、射门；B. career事业；C. station车站、岗位；D. creation创造、创建。根据上文“He started his space”可知，他在这里开始了自己的太空事业。故选B项。 113．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在NACA刘易斯研究中心开始了他的太空生涯，但在另一个研究中心作为大胆的试飞员而闻名。A. plane飞机；B. vehicle车辆；C. name名字、名声；D. case实例、案例。根据下文“as a daring test pilot at another research center.”可知，他应是作为一名大胆的试飞员而出名，make one’s name“出名，成名”。故选C项。 114．考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿姆斯特朗驾驶着著名的X-15，这是一架具有挑战性的试验性火箭动力飞机，夺去了几位勇敢的美国国家航空航天局试飞员的生命。A. sheltered庇护；B. comforted安慰；C. monitored监控；D. claimed声称，夺走。根据上文“an experimentally challenging rocket-powered plane”可知，这是一种具有挑战性的试验性飞机，说明很危险，故应是夺走了几位试飞员的生命。故选D项。 115．考查名词词义辨析。句意：X-15达到了最高速度，可以爬升到太空的边缘。A. space空间、太空；B. land陆地、地面；C. mountains山；D. oceans海洋。根据上文“rocket-powered plane”和“could climb right to the edge of ”可知，这是一种火箭动力飞机，最高速度可以飞到太空的边缘。故选A项。 116．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但要完全打破地球大气层的束缚并生存下来，他必须成为一名宇航员。A. features特征；B. bans禁令；C. bonds纽带、枷锁、桎梏；D. elements元素。根据下文“of Earth’s atmosphere and survive”及常识可知，大气层对于地球来说是一种保护，但对于地球人来说，想要去到太空，那大气层就变成了枷锁、束缚。故选C项。 117．考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿姆斯特朗全身心地投入到NASA总部的新工作中。A. persuaded说服、劝服；B. threw抛、投入、投身于；C. relaxed休息、放松；D. tricked欺骗、哄骗。根据下文“himself into his new job”可知，阿姆斯特朗应是全身心投入到工作中，throw oneself into“全身心投入”。故选B项。 118．考查动词短语辨析。句意：阿姆斯特朗的努力得到了回报。A. fell behind落后；B. faded away逐渐消失；C. paid off得到回报；D. got about在……传开。根据下文“In 1966, he was chosen as the command pilot for the Gemini 8 mission.”可知，阿姆斯特朗被选为双子座8号任务的指挥飞行员，说明他的努力得到了回报。故选C项。 119．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项任务需要一个像阿姆斯特朗那样身手稳健、心无畏惧的人。A. fearless 无所畏惧的；B. genuine 真诚的；C. enthusiastic 热情的；D. considerate 体贴的。根据上文“The mission required someone with Armstrong’s steady hand”和下文“heart”可知，此处指像阿姆斯特朗那样无所畏惧的人。故选A项。 120． 考查介词短语辨析。句意：他终于克服重重困难，完成了两架飞行器在轨道上的首次对接，为他以后的登月任务奠定了基础。A. apart from 除了；B. instead of 代替；C. far from 远非；D. regardless of 不管，尽管。根据下文“much difficulty”可知，尽管困难重重，他最终坚持完成了任务。故选D项。 Ⅱ语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 （2025高二下·安徽·开学考试） The Xichang Satellite Launch Center 1 (announce) on Thursday that Tianzhou 8, China’s newest cargo craft (货运飞船) servicing its orbiting space station, is ready for launch. The Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in the southern island province of Hainan conducted 2 rehearsal (预演) on Wednesday and completed all preparations, 3 covered all systems involved. Tianzhou 8 is set to be launched soon, 4 (mark) the first launch mission at Wenchang since Super Typhoon Yagi. 5 (load) with supplies for space station astronauts, Tianzhou 8 will be carried by a Long March 7 Y9 rocket. Over the course of eight previous 6 (launch), the reliability of the Long March 7 has 7 (steady) improved. According to the launch site, the rocket, cargo ship and all related systems are 8 good condition. The Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site, administered by the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, is China’s only coastal launch site. Compared with the country’s inland sites, Wenchang 9 (offer) a wider launch range, more efficient 10 (deliver), minimal transportation restrictions and a safer landing area. 【答案】1．announced 2．a 3．which 4．marking 5．Loaded 6．launches 7．steadily 8．in 9．offers 10．delivery 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了天舟8号货运飞船已准备好发射。天舟8号搭载着为空间站航天员提供的物资，将在海南的文昌航天发射场由长征7号Y9运载火箭搭载升空。 1．考查时态。句意：西昌卫星发射中心宣布，中国最新的货运飞船天舟8号已准备就绪，即将发射。空格处是谓语动词，根据时间状语on Thursday可知，描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填announced。 2．考查冠词。句意：位于海南的文昌航天发射场于周三进行了一次预演，并完成了所有准备工作，这些准备涵盖了所有相关系统。根据空格后的单数名词rehearsal可知，空格处应该用不定冠词表示“一”，rehearsal的发音是辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。 3．考查定语从句。句意：位于海南的文昌航天发射场于周三进行了一次预演，并完成了所有准备工作，这些准备涵盖了所有相关系统。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词preparations进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词which代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填which。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：天舟8号即将发射，标志着自超强台风“摩羯”以来文昌的首次发射任务。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词mark与上文的内容之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词marking作状语。故填marking。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：天舟8号装载了空间站宇航员的物资，将由长征7号Y9火箭搭载发射。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词load与句子的主语Tianzhou 8之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词loaded作状语。故填Loaded。 6．考查名词复数。句意：在之前的八次发射中，长征7号的可靠性稳步提升。根据空格前的of eight previous可知，空格处应该用复数名词launches作宾语。故填launches。 7．考查副词。句意：在之前的八次发射中，长征7号的可靠性稳步提升。修饰空格后的动词improved，应该用副词steadily作状语。故填steadily。 8．考查介词。句意：据发射场介绍，火箭、货运飞船及所有相关系统均处于良好状态。in good condition“状态良好”是固定搭配。故填in。 9．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：与中国的内陆发射场相比，文昌提供了更宽的发射范围、更高效的运输、最小的运输限制以及更安全的着陆区域。空格处是谓语动词，句子描述客观情况，用一般现在时；主语是Wenchang，谓语动词用三单形式。故填offers。 10．考查名词。句意：与中国的内陆发射场相比，文昌提供了更宽的发射范围、更高效的运输、最小的运输限制以及更安全的着陆区域。空格处与上文的a wider launch range和下文的minimal transportation restrictions and a safer landing area并列作宾语，所以应该用不可数名词delivery作宾语。故填delivery。 Passage 2 （2025高二上·广东深圳·期末） Space exploration has always been an extraordinary pursuit for countries around the world, and China is no exception. China’s space ambitions can be traced back to 1957 11 the Soviet Union launched the world’s first satellite, Sputnik. Mao Zedong decided that China should also launch 12 (it) own satellite with the assistance of Soviet technology and top scientists such as Qian Xuesen. Thus, the country started the first space program. China’s first satellite Dongfanghong-1 13 (launch) in 1970, using the long march rocket modified from the Dongfang ballistic missile. In 1992, China began project 921, 14 manned space program. Using Russian aerospace technology 15 (purchase) during this period, the country space program made a significant 16 (improve). A breakthrough came in 2003. The Shenzhou-5 spacecraft carried China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. China became the third country 17 (have) independent human space flight capabilities. One major reason for China’s success in space is the huge government investment. Beijing’s spending 18 research and development for spacecraft manufacturing skyrocketed from US$22.6 million in year 2000 to US$433.4 million in 2014. Still, the Chinese space program has quite a lot of catching up to do. However, there is one thing for sure: China is a 19 (lead) force to be reckoned with in the current space race. It has 20 (clear) defined plans for manned lunar mission, space probes for planets like Jupiter, and has built simulation grounds. 【答案】11．when 12．its 13．was launched 14．a 15．purchased 16．improvement 17．to have 18．on 19．leading 20．Clearly 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国航天事业的发展历程和重要成就，展示了其在国际航天领域的地位与未来规划。 11．考查定语从句。句意：中国的航天雄心可以追溯到1957年，当时苏联发射了世界上第一颗卫星——斯普特尼克。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词1957指的是时间，所以此处使用关系副词when。故填when。 12．考查代词。句意：毛泽东决定中国也应该在苏联技术和顶尖科学家如钱学森的帮助下发射自己的卫星。空后为名词，所以此处为表示“它的”的形容词性物主代词。故填its。 13．考查谓语动词。句意：中国的第一颗卫星东方红一号于1970年发射，使用的是由东风弹道导弹改装的长征火箭。此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及时间状语in 1970可知，此处使用一般过去时，launch意为“发射”与主语China’s first satellite Dongfanghong-1之间为被动关系，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was launched。 14．考查冠词。句意：1992年，中国开始了项目921，这是一个载人航天计划。program意为“项目，计划”为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处为泛指“一个载人航天计划”，且manned的首个音素为辅音，所以此处使用不定冠词a。故填a。 15．考查过去分词。句意：利用这一时期购买的俄罗斯航天技术，国家航天计划取得了显著的进步。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰technology，purchase意为“购买”与所修饰词之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填purchased。 16．考查名词。句意：同上。此处为名词作宾语，improve的名词为improvement意为“改进，改善”符合句意，且空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用单数形式。故填improvement。 17．考查动词不定式。句意：神舟五号飞船将中国首位宇航员杨利伟送入太空，使中国成为第三个拥有独立载人航天能力的国家。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词country，当被修饰语前有序数词时，应使用动词不定式形式作定语。故填to have。 18．考查介词。句意：北京在航天器制造研发上的支出从2000年的2260万美元飙升至2014年的4.334亿美元。此处为固定搭配spending… on...，表示在某方面的花费。故填on。 19．考查形容词。句意：然而，有一件事是确定的：中国是当前太空竞赛中一股不可忽视的领导力量。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词force，lead的形容词为leading意为“领先的，最前的”符合句意。故填leading。 20．考查副词。句意：它清晰地定义了载人登月任务、木星等行星的空间探测计划，并建立了模拟基地。此处为副词形式修饰动词defined，clear的副词为clearly意为“清晰地”符合句意。故填clearly。 Passage 3 （2025高二上·浙江宁波·期末） The 15th China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition, held in the city of Zhuhai in China successfully concluded on November 17th 2024. Over six days, the biennial (两年一次的) event gathered aviation 21 (enthusiasm) from around the globe. Nearly 600,000 people visited the airshow, and the total contracts 22 (sign) were worth over 280 billion yuan. Since its birth in 1996, the Zhuhai Airshow 23 (grow) into one of the top five airshows globally, witnessing the rapid development of China’s aviation and aerospace industry. In 2024 Zhuhai Airshow, a total of 1,022 enterprises from 47 countries and regions participated, 24 (reach) a record high. There were also appealing flight performances to show the power of the Chinese Air Force. 25 people anticipated most was the debut (亮相) of the J-35A Fighter Jet, a new addition to China’s 26 (domestic) developed Air Force fighter jet family. All of these demonstrated that China is 27 (ambition) to take the lead in the area of world aviation and aerospace. The airshow also provided a valuable opportunity for aviation enterprises at home and abroad 28 (engage) in exchanges and cooperation. The number of foreign exhibitors in 2024 increased 29 104%, and the “circle of friends” of the airshow is continuously expanding. The Zhuhai Airshow is not just 30 unique visual feast but also symbolizes China’s aerospace dreams and strength, making substantial contributions to the development of the international aviation. 【答案】21．enthusiasts 22．signed 23．has grown 24．reaching 25．What 26．domestically 27．ambitious 28．to engage 29．by 30．A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了2024年中国珠海航展的成功举办及其影响。 21．考查名词的复数形式。句意：在为期6天的时间里，这一两年一度的活动吸引了来自世界各地的航空爱好者。空处需用名词enthusiast“爱好者”，作gathered的宾语。此处表示复数意义，所以用该名词复数形式。故填enthusiasts。 22．考查非谓语动词。句意：近60万人参观了航展，签约合同总额超过2800亿元人民币。空处应用非谓语动词形式作定语，该动词与逻辑主语contracts构成被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填signed。 23．考查时态。句意：自1996年创办以来，珠海航展已发展成为全球五大航展之一，见证了中国航空航天业的快速发展。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据上文Since its birth in 1996可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语为the Zhuhai Airshow，助动词用has。故填has grown。 24．考查非谓语动词。句意：在2024年珠海航展上，共有来自47个国家和地区的1022家企业参展，创历史新高。空处应用非谓语动词形式作结果状语，且表示自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词作状语。故填reaching。 25．考查主语从句。句意：人们最期待的是歼 - 35A 战斗机的亮相，它是中国国产研发的空军战斗机家族的新成员。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的事情”，所以用连接代词what引导该从句。句首单词首字母要大写。故填What。 26．考查副词。句意：人们最期待的是歼 - 35A 战斗机的亮相，它是中国国产研发的空军战斗机家族的新成员。修饰后文动词developed应用副词domestically“国内的”，作状语。故填domestically。 27．考查形容词。句意：所有这些都表明，中国雄心勃勃，要在世界航空和航天领域领先。空处作表语，表示“有雄心的”应用形容词ambitious，作表语。故填ambitious。 28．考查非谓语动词。句意：航展还为国内外航空企业开展交流与合作提供了宝贵机会。空处需要动词不定式作opportunity的定语，provide an opportunity for sb./sth. to do sth.“为某人/某物提供做某事的机会”。故填to engage。 29．考查介词。句意：2024年外国参展商数量增长了104%，航展的“朋友圈”不断扩大。表示增长的幅度，应用介词 by，increase by“增长了……”。故填by。 30．考查冠词。句意：珠海航展不仅是一场独特的视觉盛宴，更象征着中国的航空航天梦想和实力，为国际航空事业的发展做出了巨大贡献。泛指“一场独特的视觉盛宴”，应用不定冠词，且unique为辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 Passage 4 （2025高二上·广东揭阳·期末） Currently under construction off the country’s northeast coast, the Dalian Jinzhou Bay International Airport will eventually cover 31 8-square-mile island with four runways and a 969,000 sq ft passenger terminal, according to an airport statement. Its operators aim 32 (handle) 80 million passengers per year across 540,000 flights, with the first phase due to open in 2035. “The country’s largest offshore airport is rising slowly from the sea level like the sunrise in the east,” 33 (read) a post by Dalian Jinzhou Bay International on Chinese social media platform WeChat. Once 34 (accomplish), it will become the world’s largest airport on an artificial island, surpassing both Hong Kong International Airport (HKG) and Japan’s Kansai Airport (KIX). “There have been great challenges to the construction,” Li Xiang, chief engineer of Dalian Airport Construction and Development Co., Ltd., told state-run local media in October, “as not only does the project have complex geological conditions and high drilling difficulty, 35 high demand in quality with a tight construction schedule is another challenge we have to take into account.” As it is, it is the city of Dalian, with a population of 7.5 million, 36 has long been a transport hub due to its proximity to Japan and South Korea. Dalian Zhoushuizi Airport, the city’s international airport, 37 has been operating for nearly a century, has already met its maximum capacity and 38 (expand) several times these years, according to YiCai Global, a state-linked newspaper. The city started site selection and 39 (demonstrate) work on the new airport in 2003, but construction only began in earnest a few years ago. China’s aviation 40 (boom) fast, new airports are a key part and surprisingly, the country is on track to pass the United States and become the world’s largest air travel market. 【答案】31．an 32．to handle 33．reads 34．accomplished 35．but 36．that 37．which 38．has been expanded 39．demonstration 40．Booming 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正在建设中的大连金州湾国际机场，包括其规模、规划、建设面临的挑战，以及大连现有机场的情况和中国航空业的发展等内容。 31．考查冠词。句意：根据机场的一份声明，目前正在该国东北海岸外建设的大连金州湾国际机场最终将覆盖一座8平方英里的岛屿，拥有四条跑道和一个96.9万平方英尺的客运航站楼。可数名词island在句中表示“一座……岛屿”，泛指，且“8-square-mile”发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 32．考查非谓语动词。句意：其运营方的目标是每年通过54万次航班接待8000万名乘客，第一阶段预计于2035年开放。aim to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“目标是做某事”，用不定式作宾语。故填to handle。 33．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：大连金州湾国际机场在中国社交媒体平台微信上的一篇帖子写着：“这个国家最大的海上机场正像东方的日出一样，从海平面缓缓升起。”read(写着)是谓语动词，与主语a post之间是主动关系，描述现在的情况用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，谓语用单数形式。故填reads。 34．考查状语从句的省略。句意：一旦建成，它将成为世界上最大的人工岛机场，超过香港国际机场(HKG)和日本的关西机场(KIX)。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。句中“Once____(accomplish)”是时间状语从句，原句为“Once it is accomplished”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略it is后，应保留过去分词accomplished。故填accomplished。 35．考查连词。句意：“建设面临着巨大的挑战，”大连机场建设发展有限公司总工程师李翔10月对当地官方媒体表示，“因为该项目不仅地质条件复杂、钻探难度大，而且工期紧张对质量的高要求是我们必须考虑的另一个挑战。”not only...but (also)...是复合连词，意为“不但……而且……”。故填but。 36.考查强调句。句意：事实上，拥有750万人口的大连市长期以来一直是一个交通枢纽，因为它靠近日本和韩国。分析句子结构可知，此句是强调句，其结构为“It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who +其他部分”，此处被强调部分是原句主语“the city of Dalian, with a population of 7.5 million”，句子其他用that引出。故填that。 37.考查定语从句。句意：据国有报纸《第一财经》报道，大连周水子国际机场作为该市的国际机场，已经运营了近一个世纪，已经达到了最大容量，并且这些年已经扩建了好几次。“____ has been operating for nearly a century”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Dalian Zhoushuizi Airport，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 38.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：据国有报纸《第一财经》报道，大连周水子国际机场作为该市的国际机场，已经运营了近一个世纪，已经达到了最大容量，并且这些年已经扩建了好几次。expand(扩建)是并列谓语动词，与主语Dalian Zhoushuizi Airport之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“these years”可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是专有名词，谓语用单数形式。故填has been expanded。 39.考查名词。句意：该市于2003年开始新机场的选址和论证工作，但几年前才真正开始建设。提示词修饰名词work，用名词demonstration作定语，意为“证实，论证”，表类别；demonstration work“论证工作”。故填demonstration。 40.考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的航空业发展迅速，新机场是关键的一部分，令人惊讶的是，中国有望超过美国，成为世界上最大的航空旅行市场。“China’s aviation____(boom) fast”是独立主格结构作伴随状语，boom(迅速发展)与其逻辑主语China’s aviation之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填booming。 Passage 5 （2025高二上·湖南长沙·期末） The Chinese Lunar Exploration Program is also known as the Chang’e Program. Run by the China National Space Administration, China’s space agency, 41 comprises three stages; orbiting, landing and returning. The program’s first spacecraft, Chang’e 1 lunar orbiter, was launched in October 2007. It successfully orbited and 42 (scan) the Moon. 43 amazed the whole nation in October 2010 was that Chang’e 2 reached the Moon within just five days. 44 better techniques and equipment, Chang’e 2 completed 45 more detailed scan of the Moon before heading into deep space. The success of the two spacecraft showed the world how far Chinese space exploration had come. It was 46 (evidence) that the data gathered by them provided valuable information. December 2013 witnessed the Chinese spacecraft’s first soft landing on the Moon. The landing of Chang’e 3 proved 47 (be) a success and how it laid the foundation for future exploration was plain to see. In January 2019, Chang’e 4 succeeded in 48 (land) on the far side of the Moon. In December 2020, Chang’e 5 successfully collected and returned lunar samples. China has successfully completed the three stages of the program. However, what 49 (advance) China will make in the future is 50 (anybody) guess. 【答案】41．it 42．scanned 43．What 44．With 45．a 46．evident 47．to be 48．landing 49．advances/advancement/advancements 50．anybody’s 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的探月工程——嫦娥计划。 41．考查代词。句意：由中国国家航天局（CNSA）负责，它包括三个阶段：轨道、着陆和返回。分析句子结构可知，空格处为句子主语，指代上文中的The Chinese Lunar Exploration Program，为单数，故应用代词it。故填it。 42．考查时态。句意：它成功地环绕月球并对其进行了扫描。根据空前的并列连词and可知，此处连接并列谓语动词orbit和scan，orbited使用了一般过去时，故scan也应用一般过去时。故填scanned。 43．考查主语从句。句意：令全国人民惊讶的是，嫦娥二号在2010年10月仅用5天就到达了月球。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且指物，故应用连接代词what引导主语从句，首字母大写。故填What。 44．考查介词。句意：有了更好的技术和设备，嫦娥二号在进入太空前完成了对月球更详细的扫描。根据句意可知，此处指“有”更好的技术和设备，所以用介词with，首字母大写。故填With。 45．考查冠词。句意：同上。scan为可数名词，且此处泛指“一次更详细的扫描”，故应用不定冠词，且more的读音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 46．考查形容词。句意：很明显，他们收集的数据提供了有价值的信息。分析句子结构可知，空格处作表语，应用所给词的形容词形式“evident明显的”。故填evident。 47．考查不定式。句意：嫦娥三号的着陆被证明是成功的，它为未来的探索奠定了基础，这是显而易见的。prove to be为固定短语，意为“被证明是”，故此处应用不定式结构。故填to be。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：2019年1月，嫦娥四号成功登陆月球背面。succeed in doing sth.为固定短语，意为“成功做某事”，故应用动名词作宾语。故填landing。 49．考查名词。句意：然而，中国未来将取得什么样的进步，谁也说不准。此处指“进步”，advance“进步”为可数名词，且此处指“未来各个方面的进步”，故应用advance的复数形式作主语，填advances；或用其名词形式advancement作主语，advancement即可为可数名词，也可为不可数名词，故可填advancement/advancements。故填advances/advancement(s)。 50．考查名词所有格。句意：同上。分析句子可知，guess为名词，前面应为定语成分，所以此处用anybody的名词所有格形式，意为“任何人的”。故填anybody’s。 Passage 6 （2025高二上·河南平顶山·阶段练习） It is the first time that Chinese scientists 51 (discover) water in materials collected during a Chinese moon mission. The water is in 52 (extreme) small glass beads (小珠子) that were found in the dirt where many meteorites (流星) have hit the moon. The dirt 53 (collect) in 2020. The beads differ in size 54 the width of one hair to several hairs. Since billions if not trillions of these beads exist on the moon, there could be large amounts of water. But mining it would be difficult, the research team said. The findings are based on 32 glass beads randomly 55 (choose) from moon dirt collected on China’s Chang’e 5 moon mission. The study’s findings raise the 56 (possible) that water could be removed by 57 (heat) the beads in future robotic missions. Still, more studies would be needed to show whether such water removals are possible 58 if the water would be safe to drink. Earlier studies found water in glass beads formed by volcanic activity on the moon. Those studies used material collected on the moon by American astronauts more than fifty years ago. The American space agency NASA plans 59 (put) astronauts back on the moon’s surface by the end of 2025. The astronauts will aim for the south pole 60 craters (坑) are believed to be filled with frozen water. 【答案】 51．have discovered 52．extremely 53．was collected 54．from 55．chosen 56．possibility 57．heating 58．or 59．to put 60．where 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家在月球任务中首次发现水，并探讨了这一发现的意义和潜在的应用。 51．考查动词时态。句意：这是中国科学家在中国月球任务中收集的材料中首次发现水。根据句型“It is the first time that sb. has/have done sth.”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为复数名词Chinese scientists，助动词用have。故填have discovered。 52．考查副词。句意：这些水存在于极小的小玻璃珠中，这些小玻璃珠是在许多陨石撞击月球的泥土中发现的。空处修饰形容词small，需用副词extremely作状语。故填extremely。 53．考查动词时态和语态。句意：泥土是在2020年收集的。根据时间状语in 2020可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语The dirt和collect为动宾关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was collected。 54．考查介词。句意：这些珠子的大小从一根头发的宽度到几根头发的宽度不等。from...to...为固定短语，意为“从……到……”。故填from。 55．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些发现是基于在中国嫦娥5号月球任务收集的月球泥土中随机挑选的32颗玻璃珠。句子已有谓语are based on，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，glass beads和choose为逻辑被动关系，需填过去分词形式，chose的过去分词为chosen。故填chosen。 56．考查名词。句意：这项研究的结果提出了一个可能性，即在未来的机器人任务中，通过加热这些珠子可以去除水分。根据空前冠词“the”和that引导的同位语从句可知，空处需用名词possibility，作宾语。故填possibility。 57．考查非谓语动词。句意：这项研究的结果提出了一个可能性，即在未来的机器人任务中，通过加热这些珠子可以去除水分。by为介词，后面需用动名词形式作宾语。故填heating。 58．考查连词。句意：然而，还需要更多的研究来证明这种去除水分的方法是否可行，或者这些水是否安全可饮用。空前“whether such water removals are possible”以及空后“if the water would be safe to drink”为选择关系，需用并列连词or。故填or。 59．考查非谓语动词。句意：美国宇航局计划到2025年底前将宇航员重新送上月球表面。plan to do sth.为固定短语，意为“计划做某事”。故填to put。 60．考查定语从句。句意：宇航员的目标是月球南极，据信那里的陨石坑里充满了冷冻水。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the south pole，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 Passage 7 （2025高二上·内蒙古赤峰·阶段练习） China’s Chang’e-6 mission has attracted worldwide attention. It is designed to explore the far side of the moon, a region still 61 (remain) mysterious until now. The far side of the moon is quite different from the near side. Chang’e-6 aims to collect lunar soil, also known 62 regolith. The regolith on the far side of the moon is believed to contain valuable information about the moon’s formation and evolution. Scientists are eager to study it 63 (find) out more about the early solar system. When Chang’e-6 returns to Earth, it may use Qian Xuesen Trajectory, 64 requires precise calculations and advanced technology. The spacecraft needs to adjust 65 (it) speed and angle accurately during the re-entry process. During the mission, many challenges 66 (face). For example, the communication with the spacecraft when it is on the far side of the moon is 67 (relative) difficult because the moon blocks the direct signal. Over the years, scientists 68 (develop) new communication technologies to solve this problem. 69 success of Chang’e-6 will not only contribute to our understanding of the moon but also inspire future space exploration. Each 70 (discover) made by Chang’e-6 is likely to open up new areas of research. 【答案】61．remaining 62．as 63．to find 64．which 65．its 66．will be faced 67．relatively 68．have developed 69．The 70．Discovery 【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了“嫦娥六号”飞行任务内容和目的，遇到的挑战及这项任务成功带来的影响。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：它的设计目的是探索月球的远端，这是一个直到现在仍然神秘的地区。空处作a region的后置定语，region与remain构成主动关系，用现在分词。故填remaining。 62．考查介词。句意：嫦娥六号的目标是收集月球土壤，也被称为风化层。known as意思为：被成为，空处缺少as。故填as。 63．考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们渴望研究它，以发现更多关于早期太阳系的信息。空处表示study it的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。 64．考查定语从句。句意：当嫦娥六号返回地球时，它可能会使用钱学森轨道，这需要精确的计算和先进的技术。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Qian Xuesen Trajectory，作从句的主语，表示物，用关系代词which。故填which。 65．考查代词。句意：在再入过程中，航天器需要精确地调整其速度和角度。空处限定speed，用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 66．考查动词时态和语态。句意：在执行任务期间，将面临许多挑战。空处作谓语，主语challenges与face构成被动关系，用被动语态；根据上文“When Chang’e-6 returns to Earth, it may use Qian Xuesen Trajectory”及下文“success of Chang’e-6 will not only contribute”可知，这项过程发生在将来，用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be faced。 67．考查副词。句意：例如，当航天器在月球背面时，与它的通信相对困难，因为月球阻挡了直接信号。空处用副词作状语修饰形容词difficult。故填relatively。 68．考查动词时态。句意：多年来，科学家们开发了新的通信技术来解决这个问题。根据Over the years可知，句子用现在完成时，主语scientists为复数。故填have developed。 69．考查冠词。句意：嫦娥六号的成功不仅有助于我们对月球的了解，而且还将激励未来的太空探索。此处success为特定指代，用定冠词，放在句首，首字母大写。故填The。 70．考查名词。句意：“嫦娥六号”的每一项发现都有可能开辟新的研究领域。空处作主语，根据Each可知，此处用名词单数。故填discovery。 ( 37 / 37 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Out of this world (译林版2020选择必修第三册) 单元话题语言知识把关(完形填空8篇+语法填空7篇) Ⅰ完形填空 Passage 1 （2025高二上·四川雅安·阶段练习）As an aerospace engineer, TV host, and author, Emily Calandrelli is devoted to inspiring and educating young people about the wonders of space. Now she is 1 for a major mission: a journey aboard an upcoming Blue Origin space flight. At 37 years old, Calandrelli is set to make a 2 as the first woman from West Virginia to travel to space. Growing up, she never 3 this would happen. Her family didn’t have much money, so she 4 to study engineering because she wanted a practical career with 5 stability. “While I wasn’t always the 6 kid in the room, I was usually the hardest one,” she recalled. Calandrelli 7 a bachelor’s degree in mechanical and aerospace engineering at West Virginia University before 8 her studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Her career took a creative 9 when she became the host of the show Xploration Outer Space. She has also 10 nine books, including The complete Ada Lace Adventures. One of her goals is for kids to 11 themselves working in science fields. The Blue Origin flight, which does not yet have a 12 date, will send Calandrelli and five others into space for 12 minutes. She is excited to 13 Earth from beyond its atmosphere. Fewer than 100 women have been to space, and she is 14 to become one of them. “I feel a sense of 15 and joy to be part of that,” she said. 1．A．qualifying B．applying C．preparing D．paying 2．A．history B．sacrifice C．decision D．promise 3．A．doubted B．imagined C．realized D．wondered 4．A．intended B．volunteered C．hesitated D．managed 5．A．global B．mental C．social D．financial 6．A．richest B．smartest C．oldest D．nicest 7．A．favored B．missed C．lost D．earned 8．A．repeating B．considering C．advancing D．offering 9．A．share B．turn C．chance D．lead 10．A．donated B．advertised C．read D．authored 11．A．see B．keep C．make D．catch 12．A．return B．review C．launch D．service 13．A．appreciate B．recognize C．process D．preserve 14．A．promised B．motivated C．inspired D．honored 15．A．humour B．pride C．adventure D．purpose Passage 2 China’s space exploration has once again achieved a great success. The launch of the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft was a memorable moment for all Chinese, marking the beginning of a new 16 in China’s space journey. The Long March-2F rocket was the perfect 17 for this important mission with its impressive appearance and stable technology, and the astronauts underwent 18 training. At zero seconds, with everyone’s hearts 19 , the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke. Back on Earth, people watched the launch on TV and 20 the astronauts’ progress through live broadcast. The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft 21 China’s ability to compete with the world’s leading space agencies. During the mission, the astronauts will have 22 tasks to accomplish. They will 23 scientific experiments and prepare for future missions. They will also take time to enjoy the beautiful 24 of Earth from space. The Shenzhou-19 spacecraft is supposed to 25 its mission after six months in space. The success of the mission will inspire many young people to pursue their dreams of becoming astronauts. Since 2003, with each new mission, China has shown its ability to 26 and push the boundaries of human knowledge. And with its strong scientific and technological 27 , China is sure to make greater achievements in the future. The Shenzhou-19 mission is a constant 28 of China’s growing influence in space exploration. It marks a new era in China’s space exploration and 29 the world’s attention to the country’s development. As China continues to progress, we can only imagine what the future holds for this 30 nation. 16．A．framework B．chapter C．mode D．platform 17．A．option B．combination C．location D．definition 18．A．dramatic B．appealing C．flexible D．demanding 19．A．beating B．sinking C．racing D．melting 20．A．followed B．documented C．monitored D．noticed 21．A．facilitated B．identified C．clarified D．demonstrated 22．A．multiple B．urgent C．physical D．risky 23．A．draw on B．carry out C．bring up D．deal with 24．A．images B．fields C．sights D．figures 25．A．summarize B．occupy C．interrupt D．complete 26．A．wonder B．innovate C．sustain D．apply 27．A．expansion B．background C．introduction D．competence 28．A．reminder B．warning C．operation D．factor 29．A．refer B．limits C．absorbs D．connects 30．A．humble B．powerful C．reliable D．generous Passage 3 （2025高二上·湖南邵阳·期中）I’m not allowed to touch the moon rocks. This is the lab where the Johnson Space Center 31 the original samples that the Apollo astronauts 32 to the earth decades ago. As I stare at the rocks through glass, Charis, my tour guide, says in a 33 voice: No touching the moon rocks. Before 34 this clean room, I remove all my jewelry. My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits. We then 35 gloves and a hair cover. Finally, we spend a full minute standing in an air shower, under a steady light wind 36 from ceiling to floor to 37 us of any fine dust. Inside the clean room, the rocks are kept in 38 , pressurized containers. Only five sample processors in the world get to routinely handle these 39 stones. They preserve and prepare the samples for studies. To pick up an Apollo rock, they must use special tools, following pretty strict 40 about touching samples. All the 41 is to protect the 382 kilograms of rocks lifted from the moon. “One big 42 belief is that the Apollo samples aren’t being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon,” says Charis. “Neither of those is true.” Keeping priceless samples away from curious 43 allowed scientists to make one of the most surprising lunar 44 of the last 50 years: The moon is wet. Those samples are still offering fresh details about how the 45 — and the entire solar system — formed and developed. 31．A．accumulates B．stores C．tests D．analyzes 32．A．brought B．sent C．donated D．introduced 33．A．thoughtful B．sensitive C．eager D．firm 34．A．leaving B．inspecting C．entering D．observing 35．A．reach for B．deal with C．put on D．inquire about 36．A．blowing B．shooting C．sweeping D．rising 37．A．warn B．assure C．remind D．clear 38．A．useful B．secure C．empty D．new 39．A．precious B．strange C．clean D．previous 40．A．schedules B．laws C．rules D．orders 41．A．effort B．sacrifice C．arrangement D．reform 42．A．uncommon B．contradictory C．impractical D．mistaken 43．A．minds B．looks C．fingers D．questions 44．A．attempts B．fortune C．reservation D．discoveries 45．A．sun B．moon C．earth D．universe Passage 4 （2025高二上·云南大理·期中）SPACE, the final frontier, the stuff of dreams. Yet, in reality, a place that is filled with 46 and sometimes tragedy (悲剧). This time, its legendary tale is 47 by British astronaut Tim Peake in his book Space: The human story. It is about the 48 experience and the “unusual normality of what we try and make out our job to be——it’s 49 people doing extraordinary jobs”, says Peake, 50 an ambassador for the European Space Agency. The main image of one photo included in this book 51 the biggest feat (壮举) so far: the 52 moon landing on 20 July 1969. This is not the representative 53 of Neil Armstrong’s first steps, 54 a more candid picture (taken by Armstrong) of Buzz Aldrin walking across the lunar surface. Four days earlier, the Apollo 11 mission 55 the moon, as a striking image of its launch shows. To its left, Ed White can be seen spacewalking during the Gemini 4 mission in June 1965, which saw him floating roughly 150 kilometers 56 Earth. Ed White and astronauts Gus Grissom and Roger Chaffe were set to crew the Apollo 1 mission, a predecessor (前身) of Apollo 11 that was 57 to launch into orbit around Earth in February 1967. The image at top left shows them during capsule training. 58 , all three died on 27 January 1967, after a fire broke out during a test. Thinking of the 59 , Peake says: “We’re looking at establishing a lunar station and stepping stones to Mars. As the ISS (International Space Station) comes to its retirement, it felt like the right time to 60 the whole story up to date.” 46．A．gravity B．options C．risks D．desire 47．A．forgotten B．noticed C．remembered D．told 48．A．roller coaster B．roller skating C．honor roll D．rock&roll 49．A．attractive B．ethnic C．ordinary D．native 50．A．absolutely B．currently C．definitely D．typically 51．A．attaches B．complains C．gathers D．features 52．A．fatal B．final C．first D．funny 53．A．script B．ceremony C．element D．shot 54．A．but B．therefore C．however D．otherwise 55．A．hoped for B．longed for C．provided for D．set off for 56．A．above B．besides C．aside D．behind 57．A．admitted B．chosen C．intended D．pursued 58．A．Unusually B．Unfortunately C．Unfairly D．Uncertainly 59．A．future B．competitions C．scenery D．tradition 60．A．give B．bring C．make D．take Passage 5 Most people will remember the excitement of receiving their first letter from a pen pal. The 61 of receiving those letters is beyond description. Chen Man-lin, a 15-year-old Hong Kong student, was very happy. Her pen pal was orbiting in the Tiangong Space Station when he wrote inspiring words to her. When Chen 62 the national letter-writing activity named “Sending My Dream to Tiangong” to write to the 63 on Tiangong, she wrote a letter the same evening. In her letter, she detailed every moment of her own planned 64 toward contributing (贡献) to national aerospace (航天航空) development, and what she knew about astronauts and the national aerospace development program. Chen’s 65 to write the letter was more than just an impulse (冲动). Her 66 in space had begun at the age of six 67 she watched the live broadcast from orbit (轨道) of a science lecture. She poured that passion for space into her letter, as well as some of her problems over her studies in life. The three-page reply from Shenzhou XIV astronaut Chen Dong, 68 about a month later. As one of the 30,000 students from all over the country to take part in the activity, Chen was 69 chosen to receive a reply, the only one in Hong Kong. To encourage the students, Chen Dong recalled 70 he became an astronaut step by step. He also shared his tips for overcoming the difficulties when studying physics and other 71 necessary to achieve his goals. He hoped that young Hong Kong people could follow 72 dreams and make contributions to the country. The arrival of a letter from space was also a 73 gift to mark the 25th anniversary of Hong Kong’s return to the motherland. “I’ll do as he 74 in the letter; study harder and 75 to stay healthy. I look forward to contributing to national aerospace development in the future,” said Chen. 61．A．report B．beauty C．message D．kindness 62．A．thought about B．cared about C．talked about D．learned about 63．A．astronauts B．writers C．parents D．teachers 64．A．vacation B．journey C．race D．interview 65．A．purpose B．chance C．decision D．notice 66．A．habit B．style C．story D．interest 67．A．when B．as long as C．as soon as D．as far as 68．A．posted B．left C．arrived D．brought 69．A．suddenly B．luckily C．widely D．truly 70．A．when B．where C．why D．how 71．A．abilities B．skills C．subjects D．hobbies 72．A．his B．their C．our D．your 73．A．proper B．possible C．fair D．useful 74．A．ordered B．promised C．prepared D．advised 75．A．find out B．come out C．work out D．look out Passage 6 In my middle school, black and white TVs rolled into classrooms whenever there was a launch of American astronauts. Astronauts became my heroes, and when the 76 came as to what I wanted to do when I grew up, the answer was 77 . On July 20, 1969, I sat in Yankee Stadium, I remember the game was 78 by the news that the Apollo 11 lunar module had landed on the moon. That evening, I stayed up, rewarded by the 79 of Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stepping onto the moon for the first time. Before, during, and after the mission, did they 80 ? Though I never walked on the moon, almost 32 years after that day. I earned a(n) 81 to understand it.     On February 7, 2001, I was fastened into my seat as the 82 boarded the Space Shuttle Atlantis. Was I worried? Yes. About my 83 ? No. As the launch clock counted down, I thought of my 84 . I had to do my job well—or I would 85 the whole team. This mission wasn’t about me. As I began to drift, a crewmate grabbed me and pressed my face to a window. I was overcome with 86 when I looked at the majesty of our planet from 200 miles above. Watching the world go by at 87 five miles per second creates an unparalleled (无与伦比的) perspective: It’s nearly 88 to tell where one country’s border ends and another begins. I can’t help but 89 what I learned as an astronaut. Humans have to teach ourselves to 90 peacefully and sustainably—that’s the true legacy (遗产) of Apollo 11. 76．A．trouble B．question C．battle D．case 77．A．easy B．accurate C．perfect D．persuasive 78．A．changed B．spoiled C．postponed D．interrupted 79．A．sights B．experiences C．phenomenon D．imagination 80．A．succeed B．worry C．insist D．understand 81．A．ability B．attempt C．chance D．place 82．A．pilot B．passenger C．pioneer D．volunteer 83．A．health B．fate C．safety D．honor 84．A．priorities B．options C．assumptions D．responsibilities 85．A．embarrass B．disappoint C．annoy D．shock 86．A．emotion B．ambition C．doubt D．uncertainty 87．A．regularly B．directly C．roughly D．merely 88．A．obvious B．reasonable C．unnecessary D．impossible 89．A．look forward to B．reflect on C．give up on D．look into 90．A．compete B．resist C．coexist D．innovate Passage 7 Edward J. Dwight Jr. has waited a long time for his ride into space. In the 1960s, he seemed ready to become America's first Black 91 . That dream was never realized. Now, at age 90, he's about to finally get his 92 aboard a Blue Origin rocket. “They called me up and asked me if I was 93 . And of course I said yes,” Dwight says. While Dwight won't be the first African American in space— that 94 went to Guion Bluford Jr. in 1983— he will be the oldest person to go there, 95 Star Trek actor William Shatner, who flew aboard a Blue Origin rocket in 2021. For many his age, a journey into space would seem 96 . Dwight says he's ready to go. He points out that the difficulties of his upcoming 97 won't be much different from what he 98 as a test pilot in the Air Force. “I’ ve pulled more G’s than any person on Earth,” he 99 it with a bitter smile. Space health expert Dorit Donoviel says the 11-minute flight means many of the 100 about the long-term effects of deep-space missions won't come into play. “The main thing we worry about is the G forces,” says Donoviel. 101 , she points out that the seats are 102 at 20 or 30 degrees. “As you’ re-experiencing the G-forces, you' re getting it through the 103 , which is not affecting your head,” Donoviel says. “It's distributed through the chest, which really shouldn't 104 very much.” And then there's the landing. “It's not even a controlled crash. It's a crash,” Donoviel says. Still, she 105   no issues. 91．A．student B．astronaut C．customer D．expert 92．A．name B．shot C．money D．job 93．A．convinced B．excited C．interested D．confused 94．A．honor B．wonder C．account D．prize 95．A．paying back B．edging out C．running after D．laughing at 96．A．unthinkable B．possible C．essential D．invaluable 97．A．risk B．test C．flight D．training 98．A．imagined B．researched C．experienced D．dreamed 99．A．realizes B．puts C．doubts D．shows 100．A．benefits B．solutions C．regulations D．concerns 101．A．Eventually B．Consequently C．Somehow D．However 102．A．reserved B．produced C．angled D．exchanged 103．A．seat B．chest C．door D．foot 104．A．work B．matter C．speed D．fail 105．A．promises B．encounters C．remembers D．discusses Passage 8 Neil Armstrong was truly suited to be an Apollo astronaut. And he was also a brave test pilot who put his life on the line for 106 progress. As the first human to walk on the moon, he 107 returned to Earth in 1969. 108 Armstrong’s early life, people felt that fate chose the gifted young man to become an astronaut. He was 109 by planes and took to flying as a child. At 16, he received his pilot’s license and became a test pilot. He went to Purdue University and then served for three years as a fighter pilot. He 110 to Purdue University to finish his degree and was 111 by the National Advisor Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in 1955. Later, he started his space 112 at the NACA Lewis Research Center, but made his 113 as a daring test pilot at another research center . Armstrong flew the famed X-15, an experimentally challenging rocket-powered plane that 114 the lives of several brave National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) test pilots. The X-15 reached a top speed and could climb right to the edge of 115 . But to fully break the 116 of Earth’s atmosphere and survive, he would have to become an astronaut. The long-awaited call to join NASA’s astronaut training program came in 1962. Armstrong 117 himself into his new job at NASA headquarters. Armstrong’s hard work 118 . In 1966, he was chosen as the command pilot for the Gemini 8 mission. The mission required someone with Armstrong’s steady hand and 119 heart. He finally finished the first-ever docking (对接) of two vehicles in orbit 120 much difficulty, which laid the groundwork for his future missions to the moon. 106．A．religious B．scientific C．commercial D．political 107．A．barely B．bitterly C．successfully D．apparently 108．A．Recollecting B．Restoring C．Repairing D．Rescuing 109．A．amused B．drawn C．stuck D．disturbed 110．A．admitted B．restricted C．returned D．objected 111．A．dismissed B．abandoned C．beaten D．hired 112．A．shot B．career C．station D．creation 113．A．plane B．vehicle C．name D．case 114．A．sheltered B．comforted C．monitored D．claimed 115．A．space B．land C．mountains D．oceans 116．A．features B．bans C．bonds D．elements 117．A．persuaded B．threw C．relaxed D．tricked 118．A．fell behind B．faded away C．paid off D．got about 119．A．fearless B．genuine C．enthusiastic D．considerate 120．A．apart from B．instead of C．far from D．regardless of Ⅱ语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 （2025高二下·安徽·开学考试） The Xichang Satellite Launch Center 1 (announce) on Thursday that Tianzhou 8, China’s newest cargo craft (货运飞船) servicing its orbiting space station, is ready for launch. The Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in the southern island province of Hainan conducted 2 rehearsal (预演) on Wednesday and completed all preparations, 3 covered all systems involved. Tianzhou 8 is set to be launched soon, 4 (mark) the first launch mission at Wenchang since Super Typhoon Yagi. 5 (load) with supplies for space station astronauts, Tianzhou 8 will be carried by a Long March 7 Y9 rocket. Over the course of eight previous 6 (launch), the reliability of the Long March 7 has 7 (steady) improved. According to the launch site, the rocket, cargo ship and all related systems are 8 good condition. The Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site, administered by the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, is China’s only coastal launch site. Compared with the country’s inland sites, Wenchang 9 (offer) a wider launch range, more efficient 10 (deliver), minimal transportation restrictions and a safer landing area. Passage 2 （2025高二上·广东深圳·期末） Space exploration has always been an extraordinary pursuit for countries around the world, and China is no exception. China’s space ambitions can be traced back to 1957 11 the Soviet Union launched the world’s first satellite, Sputnik. Mao Zedong decided that China should also launch 12 (it) own satellite with the assistance of Soviet technology and top scientists such as Qian Xuesen. Thus, the country started the first space program. China’s first satellite Dongfanghong-1 13 (launch) in 1970, using the long march rocket modified from the Dongfang ballistic missile. In 1992, China began project 921, 14 manned space program. Using Russian aerospace technology 15 (purchase) during this period, the country space program made a significant 16 (improve). A breakthrough came in 2003. The Shenzhou-5 spacecraft carried China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. China became the third country 17 (have) independent human space flight capabilities. One major reason for China’s success in space is the huge government investment. Beijing’s spending 18 research and development for spacecraft manufacturing skyrocketed from US$22.6 million in year 2000 to US$433.4 million in 2014. Still, the Chinese space program has quite a lot of catching up to do. However, there is one thing for sure: China is a 19 (lead) force to be reckoned with in the current space race. It has 20 (clear) defined plans for manned lunar mission, space probes for planets like Jupiter, and has built simulation grounds. Passage 3 （2025高二上·浙江宁波·期末） The 15th China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition, held in the city of Zhuhai in China successfully concluded on November 17th 2024. Over six days, the biennial (两年一次的) event gathered aviation 21 (enthusiasm) from around the globe. Nearly 600,000 people visited the airshow, and the total contracts 22 (sign) were worth over 280 billion yuan. Since its birth in 1996, the Zhuhai Airshow 23 (grow) into one of the top five airshows globally, witnessing the rapid development of China’s aviation and aerospace industry. In 2024 Zhuhai Airshow, a total of 1,022 enterprises from 47 countries and regions participated, 24 (reach) a record high. There were also appealing flight performances to show the power of the Chinese Air Force. 25 people anticipated most was the debut (亮相) of the J-35A Fighter Jet, a new addition to China’s 26 (domestic) developed Air Force fighter jet family. All of these demonstrated that China is 27 (ambition) to take the lead in the area of world aviation and aerospace. The airshow also provided a valuable opportunity for aviation enterprises at home and abroad 28 (engage) in exchanges and cooperation. The number of foreign exhibitors in 2024 increased 29 104%, and the “circle of friends” of the airshow is continuously expanding. The Zhuhai Airshow is not just 30 unique visual feast but also symbolizes China’s aerospace dreams and strength, making substantial contributions to the development of the international aviation. Passage 4 （2025高二上·广东揭阳·期末） Currently under construction off the country’s northeast coast, the Dalian Jinzhou Bay International Airport will eventually cover 31 8-square-mile island with four runways and a 969,000 sq ft passenger terminal, according to an airport statement. Its operators aim 32 (handle) 80 million passengers per year across 540,000 flights, with the first phase due to open in 2035. “The country’s largest offshore airport is rising slowly from the sea level like the sunrise in the east,” 33 (read) a post by Dalian Jinzhou Bay International on Chinese social media platform WeChat. Once 34 (accomplish), it will become the world’s largest airport on an artificial island, surpassing both Hong Kong International Airport (HKG) and Japan’s Kansai Airport (KIX). “There have been great challenges to the construction,” Li Xiang, chief engineer of Dalian Airport Construction and Development Co., Ltd., told state-run local media in October, “as not only does the project have complex geological conditions and high drilling difficulty, 35 high demand in quality with a tight construction schedule is another challenge we have to take into account.” As it is, it is the city of Dalian, with a population of 7.5 million, 36 has long been a transport hub due to its proximity to Japan and South Korea. Dalian Zhoushuizi Airport, the city’s international airport, 37 has been operating for nearly a century, has already met its maximum capacity and 38 (expand) several times these years, according to YiCai Global, a state-linked newspaper. The city started site selection and 39 (demonstrate) work on the new airport in 2003, but construction only began in earnest a few years ago. China’s aviation 40 (boom) fast, new airports are a key part and surprisingly, the country is on track to pass the United States and become the world’s largest air travel market. Passage 5 （2025高二上·湖南长沙·期末） The Chinese Lunar Exploration Program is also known as the Chang’e Program. Run by the China National Space Administration, China’s space agency, 41 comprises three stages; orbiting, landing and returning. The program’s first spacecraft, Chang’e 1 lunar orbiter, was launched in October 2007. It successfully orbited and 42 (scan) the Moon. 43 amazed the whole nation in October 2010 was that Chang’e 2 reached the Moon within just five days. 44 better techniques and equipment, Chang’e 2 completed 45 more detailed scan of the Moon before heading into deep space. The success of the two spacecraft showed the world how far Chinese space exploration had come. It was 46 (evidence) that the data gathered by them provided valuable information. December 2013 witnessed the Chinese spacecraft’s first soft landing on the Moon. The landing of Chang’e 3 proved 47 (be) a success and how it laid the foundation for future exploration was plain to see. In January 2019, Chang’e 4 succeeded in 48 (land) on the far side of the Moon. In December 2020, Chang’e 5 successfully collected and returned lunar samples. China has successfully completed the three stages of the program. However, what 49 (advance) China will make in the future is 50 (anybody) guess. Passage 6 （2025高二上·河南平顶山·阶段练习） It is the first time that Chinese scientists 51 (discover) water in materials collected during a Chinese moon mission. The water is in 52 (extreme) small glass beads (小珠子) that were found in the dirt where many meteorites (流星) have hit the moon. The dirt 53 (collect) in 2020. The beads differ in size 54 the width of one hair to several hairs. Since billions if not trillions of these beads exist on the moon, there could be large amounts of water. But mining it would be difficult, the research team said. The findings are based on 32 glass beads randomly 55 (choose) from moon dirt collected on China’s Chang’e 5 moon mission. The study’s findings raise the 56 (possible) that water could be removed by 57 (heat) the beads in future robotic missions. Still, more studies would be needed to show whether such water removals are possible 58 if the water would be safe to drink. Earlier studies found water in glass beads formed by volcanic activity on the moon. Those studies used material collected on the moon by American astronauts more than fifty years ago. The American space agency NASA plans 59 (put) astronauts back on the moon’s surface by the end of 2025. The astronauts will aim for the south pole 60 craters (坑) are believed to be filled with frozen water. Passage 7 （2025高二上·内蒙古赤峰·阶段练习） China’s Chang’e-6 mission has attracted worldwide attention. It is designed to explore the far side of the moon, a region still 61 (remain) mysterious until now. The far side of the moon is quite different from the near side. Chang’e-6 aims to collect lunar soil, also known 62 regolith. The regolith on the far side of the moon is believed to contain valuable information about the moon’s formation and evolution. Scientists are eager to study it 63 (find) out more about the early solar system. When Chang’e-6 returns to Earth, it may use Qian Xuesen Trajectory, 64 requires precise calculations and advanced technology. The spacecraft needs to adjust 65 (it) speed and angle accurately during the re-entry process. During the mission, many challenges 66 (face). For example, the communication with the spacecraft when it is on the far side of the moon is 67 (relative) difficult because the moon blocks the direct signal. Over the years, scientists 68 (develop) new communication technologies to solve this problem. 69 success of Chang’e-6 will not only contribute to our understanding of the moon but also inspire future space exploration. Each 70 (discover) made by Chang’e-6 is likely to open up new areas of research. ( 10 / 14 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$