Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures 语法讲解现在完成时的被动语态课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures: Talk about something that has been done 1. Lead-in 3. Practice 2. Present perfect passive voice Contents： lead in：高考回顾 2023年上海卷 The role of women in the workplace has been transformed over the past few decades, and barriers that once prevented them from achieving leadership positions have been gradually removed, allowing more women to contribute to economic growth. 参考翻译: 过去几十年中，女性在职场中的角色已经被改变，曾经阻碍她们获得领导职位的障碍也逐渐被消除，使得更多女性能够为经济增长做出贡献。 lead in：高考回顾 2022年全国卷Ⅱ The importance of renewable energy has been increasingly recognized, and significant investments have been made to develop technologies that can reduce our reliance on fossil fuels, which have been identified as a major contributor to climate change. 参考翻译：可再生能源的重要性已经被日益认识到，同时已经投入大量资金开发技术以减少对化石燃料的依赖，化石燃料已被确定为气候变化的主要原因之一。 Present perfect passive voice 一、定义 现在完成时的被动语态表示某个动作在过去发生，但与现在相关，并且这个动作是由动作的承受者来表达的。它的结构为：have/has + been + 过去分词 Present perfect passive voice 三、用法 1. 表示过去发生的事情对现在仍有影响 现在完成时的被动语态强调动作的完成对现在的影响或结果，且动作的执行者不明确或不重要。 例如：The book has been published.（这本书已经出版了。）（现在可以买到这本书了） The house has been cleaned.（房子已经打扫过了。）（现在房子是干净的） Present perfect passive voice 三、用法 2. 表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在 有些动词可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在。 例如：The road has been closed for three days.（这条路已经关闭三天了。） This book has been borrowed for a week.（这本书已经借出去一周了。） Present perfect passive voice 三、用法 3. 表示被动的重复或多次发生 现在完成时的被动语态也可以表示某个动作在过去多次发生，且与现在相关。 例如：The machine has been repaired several times.（这台机器已经被修理过好几次了。） He has been praised many times for his hard work.（他因为努力工作多次受到表扬。） Present perfect passive voice 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语 already 已经(肯定句) yet 已经（否定句或者疑问句） recently/lately 最近 since then 从那时起 ever since 自那以来 ever 曾经 so far 迄今为止 for a long time 很长一段时间 by now 到现在为止 in recent years 在最近几年里 in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里 Practice 语法填空练习 1.The new bridge __________ (build) already.（浙江卷1月语法填空改编） 答案： has been built 2.The project __________ (complete) ahead of schedule.（全国甲卷语法填空改编） 答案： has been completed Practice 语法填空练习 3.A simple lyric form that __________ (pass) down through the ages can still be employed today.（2023年全国甲卷改编） 答案： has been passed 4.The Xi'an City Wall __________ (restore) completely now.（2021年全国甲卷改编） 答案： has been restored Practice 翻译句子： 1.2021年天津卷 The impact of social media on mental health has been widely debated, and measures have been taken to address the negative effects it has caused, especially among teenagers, who have been found to be more vulnerable to online pressures. 社交媒体对心理健康的影响已经被广泛讨论，同时已经采取措施来解决其造成的负面影响，尤其是在青少年中，他们被发现更容易受到网络压力的影响。 Practice 翻译句子： 2. 2020年全国卷Ⅰ The significance of biodiversity conservation has been highlighted by numerous scientific studies, and urgent actions have been called for to prevent the extinction of endangered species, whose habitats have been severely damaged by human activities. 生物多样性保护的重要性已经被许多科学研究强调，同时呼吁采取紧急行动以防止濒危物种的灭绝，这些物种的栖息地已经被人类活动严重破坏。 $$