精品解析：山东省济南市2024-2025学年高三下学期开学英语试题

2025届高三开年摸底联考 英语试题 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 考试时间为120分钟，满分150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers doing? A. Attending a meeting. B. Preparing for a meeting. C. Looking through some materials. 2. Who is the man probably talking to? A. A customer. B. A waitress. C. A chef. 3. How many hours does the man suggest studying in the library a week? A.4 hours. B.5 hours. C. 8 hours. 4. What does the man offer to do for Suzy? A. Repair her car. B. Book a ticket for her. C. Take her to the airport. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their favorite types of music. B. Different kinds of instruments. C. Their favorite rock stars. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the woman work now? A. In the library. B. In a pet shop. C. In a supermarket. 7. What does the woman think of her new manager? A. She’s patient. B. She’s clever. C. She’s quiet. · 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What did the man do just before the conversation? A. He did some reading. B. He relaxed on a beach. C. He went fishing. 9. Why was Goby put on the beach? A. To attract tourists. B. To introduce the beach. C. To act as a rubbish bin. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a museum. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant. 11. What day is it today? A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Friday. 12. What does the woman decide to do at last? A. Change the reservation. B. Wait for her turn. C. Come back tomorrow. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why is the woman unable to play badminton with the man? A. She is busy. B. She gets injured. C. She feels tired. 14. Who is the man probably? A. A doctor. B. A trainer. C. A student. 15. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Practice Tai Chi. B. Have some rest. C. Exercise with his mum. 16. What will the woman do tomorrow evening? A. Visit the man’s house. B. Take a piano lesson. C. Search for some videos. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is Benjamin Franklin according to the talk? A. The forefather of the US Postal system. B. The first man to deliver mail in the US. C. One of the pilots flying the mail initially. 18. How long have mailmen been delivering mail by scooter (小型摩托车)? A. Over 250 years. B. Over 200 years. C. Over 100 years. 19. When did women begin to take city routes to deliver mail? A. In 1775. B. In 1917. C. In 1918. 20. What will the speaker probably talk about next? A. Another person who flew the mail. B. A story about a female mail carrier. C. An organization that delivers mails. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 2025 Student Launch Challenge About Student Launch NASA Student Launch is a research-based, competitive, and experiential exploration challenge that provides relevant and cost-effective research and development to support the Space Launch System (SLS). The activity involves reaching a broad audience of middle and high schools, colleges, and universities across the nation in a nine-month commitment to design, build, test and launch vehicle and payload (载荷) components that support SLS. It is aimed at inspiring students to explore science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) for the benefit of humanity. 2025 Student Launch NASA has selected 71 teams from across the US to participate in its 25th annual Student Launch Challenge. As part of the challenge, teams will design, build, and fly a high-powered amateur rocket and scientific payload. They also must meet documentation milestones and undergo detailed reviews throughout the school year. The nine-month-long challenge will be highlighted with on-site events starting on April 30,2025. Final launches are scheduled for May 3, 2025, at Bragg Farms in Toney, Alabama, just minutes north of NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center. It’s the perfect ending to the events. Teams are not required to travel for their final launch, having the option to launch from a qualified site. Student teams will undergo detailed reviews by NASA personnel to ensure the safety, operability and practicality of their rocket and payload designs. Awards The Altitude (高度) Award: Awarded to the team that comes closest to their declared target altitude on their competition launch. Vehicle Design Award: Awarded to the team with the most creative and innovative overall vehicle design for their intended payload while still maximizing safety and efficiency. Judges’ Choice Award: Selected during Launch Week by a panel of guest judges and awarded for the best combination of payload innovation, vehicle design and construction, and public engagement. 1. What is the main goal of the NASA Student Launch Challenge? A. To train professional astronauts. B. To promote students’ exploration of STEM. C. To test new rocket technologies. D. To select future employees for NASA. 2. How long does the on-site events last? A. Nine months B. Two months. C. Four days. D. One day. 3. What is the Vehicle Design Award based on? A. Social media popularity of the design. B. The maximum payload of the vehicle. C. Closeness to the scheduled launching height. D. The vehicle’s innovation and practical performance. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍2025年NASA组织的学生发射挑战赛。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据About Student Launch下的“It is aimed at inspiring students to explore science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) for the benefit of humanity.(它旨在激励学生探索科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM），造福人类)”可知，挑战赛的主要目标是促进学生们对STEM 的探索。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据2025 Student Launch下的“The nine-month-long challenge will be highlighted with on-site events starting on April 30,2025. Final launches are scheduled for May 3, 2025, at Bragg Farms in Toney, Alabama, just minutes north of NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center.(这项为期9个月的挑战将于2025年4月30日开始的现场活动中凸显出来。最后一次发射定于2025年5月3日，地点在阿拉巴马州托尼的布拉格农场，距离美国宇航局马歇尔太空飞行中心以北仅几分钟路程)”可知，这项为期9个月的挑战将于2025年4月30日开始现场活动，决赛将于2025年5月3日在阿拉巴马州的布雷格农场举行。由此可知，现场活动持续四天。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Awards下的“Vehicle Design Award: Awarded to the team with the most creative and innovative overall vehicle design for their intended payload while still maximizing safety and efficiency.(车辆设计奖：颁发给最具创意和创新的整体车辆设计团队，以满足其预期的有效载荷，同时最大限度地提高安全性和效率)”可知，运载工具设计奖是基于运载工具的创新性和实际性能。故选D项。 B Photographer Ashley Suszczynski traces back her passion for art to her childhood years. Particularly, to making puppets (木偶) out of brown paper bags and throwing shows with her grandma. This later evolved into a love of science fiction and escaping to adventure lands populated by mythical creatures. This feeling of wonder runs through her project Masked masquerade (蒙面舞会) series, which sees her travelling through Europe to record a visually striking branch of ancient folk customs. “Several years ago, I saw photographs of a masquerade in the north of Spain called ‘La Vijanera,’” Suszczynski says. “The characters looked like those I had imagined from the pages of my childhood stories. There was everything from fur-covered creatures to masked tree fairies and spirits of the woodlands. I flew to Spain for a week to attend, and just like that, a passion was born.” After this, Suszczynski began researching more European masked masquerades, hoping to learn about their history, characters, and symbolism. The festivals typically celebrated common themes involving seasonal change, life, and happiness. “In each masquerade I feels like being transported into a different fairy tale novel from my childhood. It is an honor that instead of simply escaping into these fantastic stories, I can now share them through my photographs,” she shares. The project has taken her to Spain, Bulgaria, and Portugal, where she has photographed groups with designed costumes and masks. For Suszczynski, the entire process is a wild ride. “When I plan a ‘trip’ it’s usually around an event, and I’ll go to the event — the carnival, the parade, whatever it is — but that’s only the tip of the iceberg. That is the foot in the door,” she says. Besides, she tries her best to overcome the language barrier. But the photographer describes the whole process as an adventure worth paying. “I’ll have friends for life made from these photos. I am so thankful for each and every person I have photographed. They love to teach about their culture. They love for people to learn about their culture, to bring it to light,” Suszczynski concludes. 4. What is the primary focus of Ashley Suszczynski’s Masked masquerade series? A. Documenting creature evolution in Europe. B. Recording modern European street fashion. C. Exploring masking traditions through photos. D. Investigating the history of puppet shows in Europe. 5. What did Suszczynski mainly intend to show in paragraph 2? A. The origin of the project. B. Her childhood stories. C. A masquerade in Spain. D. The background of her works. 6. How does Suszczynski feel about her work on the project? A. Tough and embarrassing. B. Relaxing but dangerous. C. Meaningful and effortless. D. Challenging but rewarding. 7. What can we know about the people photographed by Suszczynski from the last paragraph? A. They share a common interest in photography. B. They are actively involved in spreading their culture. C. They got financial returns offered by Suszczynski. D. They appreciate being integrated with other cultures. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍摄影师深入探讨欧洲古代蒙面仪式的象征意义。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“This feeling of wonder runs through her project Masked masquerade (蒙面舞会) series, which sees her travelling through Europe to record a visually striking branch of ancient folk customs. (这种奇妙的感觉贯穿于她的《蒙面舞会》系列中，在该系列中，她漫游欧洲，记录古代民间传说中一个视觉上引人注目的分支)”和第三段““In each masquerade I feels like being transported into a different fairy tale novel from my childhood. It is an honor that instead of simply escaping into these fantastic stories, I can now share them through my photographs,” she shares.(“在每次化妆舞会中，我都感觉自己从童年时代进入了一本不同的童话小说。这是一种荣幸，而不是简单地逃避这些奇妙的故事，我现在可以通过我的照片分享它们，”她分享道)”可知，《蒙面舞会》的主要核心是用摄影探究蒙面传统。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I flew to Spain for a week to attend, and just like that, a passion was born. (我飞往西班牙一周参加，就这样，一种痴迷诞生了)”可知，本段作者主要讲述的是 Suszczynski如何开始这一项目的。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段““When I plan a ‘trip’ it’s usually around an event, and I’ll go to the event— the carnival, the parade, whatever it is— but that’s only the tip of the iceberg. That is the foot in the door,” she says. Besides, she tries her best to overcome the language barrier. (“当我计划‘旅行’时，通常是围绕一个活动，我会去参加活动——狂欢节、游行，不管它是什么——但这只是冰山一角。这是敲门砖。”此外，她尽最大努力克服语言障碍)”和第五段“But the photographer describes the whole process as an adventure worth paying. “I’ll have friends for life made from these photos. I am so thankful for each and every person I have photographed. They love to teach about their culture. They love for people to learn about their culture, to bring it to light,” Suszczynski concludes. (但这位摄影师将整个过程描述为一次值得花钱的冒险。“这些照片将成为我一生的朋友。我非常感谢我拍摄过的每一个人。他们喜欢传授他们的文化。他们喜欢人们了解他们的文化，把它展现出来，”Suszczynski总结道)”可知，Suszczynski认为她在这个项目中的工作虽然有挑战，但也有回报。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“They love to teach about their culture. They love for people to learn about their culture, to bring it to light. (他们喜欢传授他们的文化。他们喜欢人们了解他们的文化，并将其展现出来)”可知，Suszczynski所拍摄的人们积极参与他们的文化传播。故选B。 C Climate change is largely responsible for the mass die-off of our planet’s coral reefs (珊瑚礁), as stress caused by higher water temperatures causes corals to drive away the algae (藻类) living within them. The loss of that life-giving algae isn’t the only problem, however. Stressed corals are also more likely to be infected by naturally occurring bacteria. In the past, populations of those extremely small living things were kept to manageable levels by sea cucumbers (海参), which feed on seafloor sediment (沉积物). Unfortunately, due to over-harvesting for use in the Asian seafood market, sea cucumbers are now becoming increasingly rare in many regions. In order to see just how crucial the animals are to coral health, a Georgia Tech team led by Mark Hay and Cody Clements conducted a series of field experiments in the South Pacific Ocean. Near the island of Mo’orea in French Polynesia, the scientists left existing sea cucumbers in 10 plots of sandy seabed and removed them from 10 others, then planted five coral groups in each of the plots. Those plots were subsequently inspected on a daily basis for a period of 45 days. It was ultimately found that coral death rate caused by sediment-associated diseases was 15 times greater in the sea-cucumber-less plots. Hay and Clements now hope that their findings will motivate governments and other groups to implement stricter limits on the harvesting of sea cucumbers, and to begin raising the animals for release onto corals that are in need of protection. Farmed sea cucumbers could potentially also find use in keeping fish farms clean, and possibly even delaying certain diseases. “If you remove all the sediment eaters in the great fish tank of Earth, you’re going to get a dirty tank eventually,” said Clements. “People have paid lip service to the idea that sea cucumbers could be important for a long time, but we didn’t know the scale of their importance until now.” 8. Why are sea cucumbers important for coral health? A. They directly provide nutrients to corals. B. They help to reduce disease risk to corals. C They produce algae essential for coral life. D. They drive the harmful algae away from corals. 9. What was the key difference between the two sets of plots in the experiment? A. The presence or absence of sea cucumbers. B. The types of coral groups planted in them. C. The quantity of seafloor sediment in each plot. D. The frequency of inspections over the 45-day period. 10. What did Hay and Clements appeal for? A. A ban on seafood harvesting in the tested region. B. The establishment of new coral reserves worldwide. C. The adoption of more sea cucumber conservation practices. D. Further study on the uses of farmed sea cucumbers in medicine. 11. What do Clements’ words imply in the last paragraph? A. The importance of sea cucumbers was greatly overstated. B. Sea cucumbers were considered insignificant for a long time. C. People have already taken measures to protect sea cucumbers. D. Sea cucumbers play a vital role in keeping marine ecosystem healthy. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海参通过吃海底沉积物来控制那些可能感染珊瑚的微生物种群数量，减少疾病危害，起到维持珊瑚健康的作用，研究人员呼吁加强海参保护以维护珊瑚礁生态。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Stressed corals are also more likely to be infected by naturally occurring bacteria. In the past, populations of those extremely small living things were kept to manageable levels by sea cucumbers (海参), which feed on seafloor sediment (沉积物). (压力大的珊瑚也更容易受到天然存在的细菌感染。过去，这些极其微小的生物数量被海参控制在可管理的水平，因为海参以海底沉积物为食)”可知，海参对珊瑚的健康很重要，因为它们有助于减少珊瑚患病的风险。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Near the island of Mo’orea in French Polynesia, the scientists left existing sea cucumbers in 10 plots of sandy seabed and removed them from 10 others, then planted five coral groups in each of the plots. (在法属波利尼西亚的茉莉雅岛附近，科学家们将现有的海参留在10块沙质海床上，并从另外10块中移除，然后在每块海床上种植了五组珊瑚)”可知，进行实验的两组海床地块的关键区别在于有无海参。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Hay and Clements now hope that their findings will motivate governments and other groups to implement stricter limits on the harvesting of sea cucumbers, and to begin raising the animals for release onto corals that are in need of protection. (Hay和Clements现在希望他们的发现能激励政府和其他组织对海参的捕捞实施更严格的限制，并开始养殖海参，将其放生到需要保护的珊瑚上)”可知，Hay和Clements呼吁采取更多措施保护海参。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Clements所说的话“If you remove all the sediment eaters in the great fish tank of Earth, you’re going to get a dirty tank eventually (如果你在地球这个大鱼缸里清除所有的沉积物食用者，最终你会得到一个肮脏的鱼缸)”可知，Clements用鱼缸清洁这一比喻形象地说明如果把处理沉积物的海参移除了，海洋环境就会变差。由此可知，海参在维持健康海洋环境方面起着至关重要的作用。故选D项。 D “Zero distractions.” That’s what Cal Newport, author of Digital Minimalism: Choosing a Focused Life in a Noisy World, says is required to have a session of focused productivity he calls “deep work.” Are zero-distraction moments even available to most of us these days? After all, every technical innovation that makes our lives more convenient, like phones and apps and streaming entertainment, is built for a multi-tasking lifestyle. Listen to music. Add to your grocery list. Press “buy” on an online shopping cart. Reserve a table for this weekend. All of these are things many of us do at the same time — and all too often while we’re doing something else, like working. Newport described the snags of this lifestyle in an interview with The New York Times: “Every time you switch your attention from one target to another and then back again, there’s a cost. This switching creates an effect that psychologists call attention residue (残留), which can reduce your cognitive (认知的) capacity for a substantial amount of time before it clears. If you constantly make ‘quick checks’ of various devices and inboxes, you essentially keep yourself in a state of persistent attention residue, which is a terrible idea if you’re someone who uses your brain to make a living.” Instead of moving quickly from activity to activity, Newport urges us to actively make time for “deep work” every day, time when we are engaged in cognitively challenging tasks without interruption from anything else. This could be knitting or reading or learning a language or meeting a professional goal. The important part is that it needs to be an activity you can commit to investing your energy in wholeheartedly. Getting in the habit of working deeply will, says Newport, lead you to the unavoidable conclusion that “concentration is a super power.” What in your life would you like to approach with a “deep work” mentality? 12. What can be inferred about zero-distractions moments from paragraph 2? A. They are available to most people. B. They result from technical innovation. C. Most people don’t need them at all. D. It is hard to obtain them nowadays. 13. What does the underlined word “snags” mean in paragraph 3? A. Disadvantages. B. Features. C. Potentials. D. Principles. 14. What does Newport recommend doing according to the text? A. Reducing the use of technology. B. Doing one thing deeply at a time. C. Listening to music while working. D. Balancing multiple activities effectively. 15. Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. Multitasking: A Modern Lifestyle B. The Challenges of Zero Distractions C. Deep Work: The Key to Focused Productivity D. The Power of Attention Residue in a Noisy World 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍一次只做一件事很重要，深度工作是专注生产力的关键。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。第二段“Are zero-distraction moments even available to most of us these days? After all, every technical innovation that makes our lives more convenient, like phones and apps and streaming entertainment, is built for a multi-tasking lifestyle. Listen to music. Add to your grocery list. Press “buy” on an online shopping cart. Reserve a table for this weekend. All of these are things many of us do at the same time— and all too often while we’re doing something else, like working.(现在我们大多数人都能享受零分心时刻吗？毕竟，每一项让我们的生活更方便的技术创新，比如手机、应用程序和流媒体娱乐，都是为多任务生活方式而设计的。听音乐。添加到你的购物清单中。在网上购物车中按“购买”键。预订一张这周末的桌子。所有这些都是我们很多人同时做的事情——而且经常是在我们做其他事情的时候，比如工作)”可知，这些都是我们许多人同时做的事情，而且常常是在我们做其他事情比如工作时做的。由此推断，零分心时刻很难获得。故选D项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据后文““Every time you switch your attention from one target to another and then back again, there’s a cost. This switching creates an effect that psychologists call attention residue (残留), which can reduce your cognitive (认知的) capacity for a substantial amount of time before it clears. If you constantly make ‘quick checks’ of various devices and inboxes, you essentially keep yourself in a state of persistent attention residue, which is a terrible idea if you’re someone who uses your brain to make a living.”(“每次你把注意力从一个目标转移到另一个目标，然后再转移回来，都是有代价的。这种转换产生了一种心理学家称之为“注意力残留”的效应，它会在相当长的一段时间内降低你的认知能力。如果你不断地‘快速检查’各种设备和收件箱，你基本上会让自己处于持续的注意力残留状态，如果你是一个靠大脑谋生的人，这是一个糟糕的主意。”)”可知，此处是Newport在描述这种生活方式的缺点，推知snags应是“缺点”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Instead of moving quickly from activity to activity, Newport urges us to actively make time for “deep work” every day, time when we are engaged in cognitively challenging tasks without interruption from anything else. This could be knitting or reading or learning a language or meeting a professional goal. The important part is that it needs to be an activity you can commit to investing your energy in wholeheartedly.(Newport敦促我们每天积极地腾出时间进行“深度工作”，而不是快速地从一个活动转移到另一个活动，这是我们从事具有认知挑战性的任务而不受其他任何事情干扰的时间。这可以是编织、阅读、学习一门语言或实现一个职业目标。重要的是，它需要是一项你能全身心投入精力的活动)”可知，Newport建议每次深入地做一件事。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章首段提出话题“零分心”就是 Cal Newport 所说的“深度工作”所需的状态。下文叙述零分心不易，敦促我们每天积极腾出时间进行“深度工作”，养成深入工作的习惯将使你不可避免地得出“专注是一种超级力量”的结论。由此可知，C项“深度工作：专注生产力的关键”符合文章内容，适合作文章标题。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you think of robots, a wide series of images may come to mind. Do you imagine them walking and talking like humans, completely integrating into our social fabric or performing complex tasks with ease? While robots have made remarkable advancements in recent years, they still face numerous challenges in truly copying human behavior. ____16____ Robots are increasingly being used in healthcare settings for a variety of tasks. From assisting in surgeries to providing companionship for the elderly, robots are becoming invaluable members of the healthcare team. ____17____ They rely heavily on advanced technology. Advanced sensors and artificial intelligence (AI) are key to a robot’s ability to understand and respond to its environment. ____18____ They can also analyze the collected data, and make informed decisions based on that information. For example, a robot designed to assist in surgeries can use sensors to monitor a patient’s vital signs in real time and adjust its actions accordingly. This ensures that the robot’s actions are always in the best interest of the patient. ____19____ They can be programmed to provide specific exercises or treatments tailored to an individual patient’s needs. This personalized approach ensures patients receive the most effective treatment possible. Furthermore, robots can also reduce the workload of healthcare professionals. Despite the many benefits of using robots in healthcare, there are still concerns about their safety and effectiveness. Ensuring that robots operate safely and reliably in a healthcare setting requires strict testing and regulation. ____20____ As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see more robots playing a critical role in healthcare, revolutionizing the way we approach medical care. A. In addition, robots are also playing a part in patient care. B. The future of robotics in the use of surgeries is promising. C. But how do these robots know when and how to intervene? D. However, the field of health care is not without challenges. E. These technologies allow robots to detect changes in their surroundings. F. Researchers are constantly working to improve them in the robotic systems. G. However, one area where robots are making significant progress is healthcare. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了机器人在医疗保健领域取得显著进展，如用于多种任务、依赖先进技术等，同时也提及面临的挑战，且对其未来发展表示期待。 【16题详解】 上文“While robots have made remarkable advancements in recent years, they still face numerous challenges in truly copying human behavior. (虽然机器人近年来取得了显著的进步，但它们在真正模仿人类行为方面仍然面临着许多挑战)”指出机器人在模仿人类行为方面面临诸多挑战，G选项“However, one area where robots are making significant progress is healthcare.(然而，机器人正在取得显著进展的一个领域是医疗保健)”与上文构成转折关系，引出机器人在医疗保健领域取得显著进展这一话题，上下文语意衔接自然。故选G项。 【17题详解】 上文“Robots are increasingly being used in healthcare settings for a variety of tasks. From assisting in surgeries to providing companionship for the elderly, robots are becoming invaluable members of the healthcare team. (机器人越来越多地用于医疗保健环境中的各种任务。从协助手术到陪伴老人，机器人正在成为医疗团队的宝贵成员)”说明机器人在医疗保健领域的广泛运用，C选项“But how do these robots know when and how to intervene?(但是这些机器人如何知道何时以及如何进行干预呢?)”提出问题，即这些机器人如何知道何时以及如何进行干预，与上文提到机器人在医疗保健领域的应用相呼应，引出下文对机器人工作原理的阐述。故选C项。 【18题详解】 上文“Advanced sensors and artificial intelligence (AI) are key to a robot’s ability to understand and respond to its environment.(先进的传感器和人工智能(AI)是机器人理解和响应其环境能力的关键)”提出机器人理解和响应环境的关键是先进的传感器和人工智能，E选项“These technologies allow robots to detect changes in their surroundings.(这些技术使机器人能够检测周围环境的变化)”承接上文，说明这些技术的作用，它们能让机器人检测周围环境的变化，句中“These technologies”指代上文的“Advanced sensors and artificial intelligence (AI)”，上下文逻辑紧密。故选E项。 【19题详解】 下文“They can be programmed to provide specific exercises or treatments tailored to an individual patient’s needs. This personalized approach ensures patients receive the most effective treatment possible.(它们可以被编程为提供特定的锻炼或治疗，以满足个别患者的需求。这种个性化的方法可以确保患者得到最有效的治疗)”介绍了机器人在提供特定的锻炼或治疗方面的应用，即在患者护理方面也能发挥作用，A选项“In addition, robots are also playing a part in patient care.(此外，机器人在患者护理方面也发挥着作用)”是主题句，引出下文对机器人在患者护理方面发挥作用的介绍，同时与下文“Furthermore, robots can also reduce the workload of healthcare professionals.(此外，机器人还可以减少医疗保健专业人员的工作量)”构成并列关系，说明机器人的用途。故选A项。 【20题详解】 上文“Despite the many benefits of using robots in healthcare, there are still concerns about their safety and effectiveness. Ensuring that robots operate safely and reliably in a healthcare setting requires strict testing and regulation.(尽管在医疗保健中使用机器人有很多好处，但人们仍然担心它们的安全性和有效性。确保机器人在医疗保健环境中安全可靠地运行需要严格的测试和监管)”指出机器人在医疗保健领域使用存在安全和有效性方面的担忧以及需要严格测试和监管，F选项“Researchers are constantly working to improve them in the robotic systems.(研究人员一直在努力改进机器人系统)”承接上文，说明研究人员一直在努力改进机器人系统，与上文提到的问题相呼应，即针对存在的问题进行改进，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)。 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 With winter entering a particularly bitter cold and temperatures dropping into below zero every night, our electric furnace (火炉) stopped working. I reached a repairman only to find that he was overwhelmed by ____21____ from people in similar circumstances and it would be 8 days ____22____ someone could arrive here. I ____23____ went to the local hardware store and bought two space heaters. By ____24____ them from living room during the day to the bedrooms at night we stayed cool but ____25____ so far. One thing this did, however, was to remind me of my own childhood winter ____26____. I remembered as a boy ____27____ on freezing winter days, quickly pulling on thick socks, jean, and a coat and going into the living room where a single wood stove ____28____ the whole house. My dad added wood to the fire while we all gathered around it for ____29____. I remembered walking outside to fetch wood, with freezing fingers and frosty breath, ______30______ the whole way. It took so much more work just to ______31______ warmth back then, but somehow that made all of us ______32______ the warmth even more. I think how ______33______ warmth is not only in our homes but also in our hearts. This can be a very ______34______ world at times and it is up to us to add our warmth to it. Our giving heart and love for life will become a ______35______ that can warm the hearts of others around us as well. 21. A. instructions B. promises C. requests D. remarks 22. A. before B. since C. after D. unless 23. A. apparently B. frequently C. hesitantly D. hurriedly 24. A. moving B. hanging C. abandoning D. connecting 25. A. comfortable B. stable C. hopeful D. convenient 26. A. adventures B. memories C. accidents D. performances 27. A. driving away B. waking up C. stepping in D. leaving off 28. A. decorated B. bonded C. heated D. lighted 29. A. reception B. reunion C. warmth D. rescue 30. A. confusing B. panicking C. shaking D. cheering 31. A. resign B. inspect C. reflect D. gain 32. A. miss B. create C. admire D. appreciate 33. A. precious B. natural C. amusing D. challenging 34. A. fair B. cold C. strange D. fresh 35. A. symbol B. site C. lamp D. stove 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆童年冬天的取暖记忆及感悟。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我联系了一位修理工，却发现他被处于类似情况的人们的请求淹没了，要过8天才能有人到这里来。A. instructions指示；B. promises承诺；C. requests请求；D. remarks评论。根据上文“With winter entering a particularly bitter cold and temperatures dropping into below zero every night, our electric furnace (火炉) stopped working. I reached a repairman only to find that he was overwhelmed by”和下文“from people in similar circumstances”可知，因为天气寒冷且电炉故障，很多人都需要修理工，所以修理工收到很多类似的“请求”，他被处于类似情况的人们的请求淹没了。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我联系了一位修理工，却发现他被处于类似情况的人们的请求淹没了，要过8天才能有人到这里来。A. before在……之前；B. since自从；C. after在……之后；D. unless除非。根据下文“someone could arrive here”可知，要过8天才能有人到这里来，“It would be+时间段+before...”是固定句型，表示“要过……时间才……”。故选A。 23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我急忙去了当地的五金店，买了两个取暖器。A. apparently显然地；B. frequently频繁地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. hurriedly急忙地。根据下文“went to the local hardware store and bought two space heaters”可知，由于电炉无法及时修理，天气又冷，所以作者“急忙”去买取暖器。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过把它们从白天的客厅移动到晚上的卧室，到目前为止我们虽然有点凉但还算舒适。A. moving移动；B. hanging悬挂；C. abandoning抛弃；D. connecting连接。根据下文“them from living room during the day to the bedrooms at night”可知，此处指把取暖器“移动”位置，白天取暖器在客厅，晚上把它们移动到卧室。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过白天把它们从客厅移动到晚上的卧室，到目前为止我们虽然有点凉但还算舒适。A. comfortable舒适的；B. stable稳定的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. convenient方便的。根据上文“went to the local hardware store and bought two space heaters”可知，有了取暖器，虽然不至于很暖和，但还是能让人感觉“舒适”。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这件事让我想起了我童年冬天的回忆。A. adventures冒险；B. memories回忆；C. accidents事故；D. performances表演。根据上文“One thing this did, however, was to remind me of my own childhood winter”和下文“I remembered as a boy”可知，下文讲述的是童年冬天的事，所以是这件事唤起了作者童年“回忆”。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我记得小时候在寒冷的冬日醒来，迅速穿上厚袜子、牛仔裤和外套，走进客厅，那里有一个烧木柴的炉子为整个房子供暖。A. driving away赶走；B. waking up醒来；C. stepping in走进；D. leaving off停止。根据上文 “quickly pulling on thick socks, jean, and a coat”可知，这些是早上“醒来”后的动作。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得小时候在寒冷的冬日醒来，迅速穿上厚袜子、牛仔裤和外套，走进客厅，那里有一个烧木柴的炉子为整个房子供暖。A. decorated装饰；B. bonded使结合；C. heated加热，供暖；D. lighted照亮。根据上文“going into the living room where a single wood stove”和下文“the whole house”可知，木炉的作用是为房子“供暖”，所以此处指那里有一个烧木柴的炉子为整个房子供暖。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸往火里添柴，我们都围在炉子旁取暖。A. reception接待；B. reunion团聚；C. warmth温暖；D. rescue救援。根据上文“My dad added wood to the fire while we all gathered around it for”可知，围在烧木柴的炉子旁是为了“取暖”，此处指一家人都围在炉子旁取暖。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得走到外面去取木柴，手指冻僵，呼出白气，一路上都在发抖。A. confusing使困惑；B. panicking惊慌；C. shaking颤抖；D. cheering欢呼。根据上文“I remembered walking outside to fetch wood, with freezing fingers and frosty breath”可知，因为天气寒冷，所以取木柴时会“颤抖”，所以此处指走到外面去取木柴，手指冻僵，呼出白气，一路上都在发抖。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时为了获得温暖要付出更多的努力，但不知为何，这让我们更加珍惜温暖。A. resign辞职；B. inspect检查；C. reflect反映；D. gain获得。根据下文“warmth back then”可知，取木柴等为获取温暖付出努力，可知此处指“获得”温暖付出更多的努力。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时为了获得温暖要付出更多的努力，但不知为何，这让我们更加珍惜温暖。A. miss错过；B. create创造；C. admire钦佩；D. appreciate欣赏，珍惜。根据下文“the warmth even more”可知，因为获得温暖不易，所以更加“珍惜”。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为温暖不仅在我们家中，在我们心中也同样珍贵。A. precious珍贵的；B. natural自然的；C. amusing有趣的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据下文“warmth is not only in our homes but also in our hearts”可知，作者认为温暖是“珍贵的”，不仅指家中的温暖，也指的是心中的温暖。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个世界有时会非常寒冷，这取决于我们是否为它增添温暖。A. fair公平的；B. cold寒冷的；C. strange奇怪的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据下文“world at times and it is up to us to add our warmth to it”可知，这里表示世界有时是“寒冷的”，这取决于我们是否为它增添温暖。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们奉献的心和对生活的爱将成为一个火炉，也能温暖我们周围其他人的心。A. symbol象征；B. site地点；C. lamp灯；D. stove火炉。根据下文“that can warm the hearts of others around us as well”可知，这里把爱心和对生活的爱比作能温暖人心的“火炉”，此处指我们奉献的心和对生活的爱将成为一个火炉，也能温暖我们周围其他人的心。故选D。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese scientist Lu Qi ____36____ (award) the title of 2024 Champions of the Earth of Science and Innovation by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) for his contributions to ____37____ (address) desertification (沙漠化), land degradation and drought on last Tuesday. Lu is the chief scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and founding president of the Institute of Great Green Wall. He is the first Chinese ____38____ has been honored in this category. According to the UNEP, Lu has played a key role in carrying out the world’s largest afforestation (造林) project ____39____ in establishing expert research networks and partnerships. This award is the highest ____40____ (recognize) and greatest encouragement for China’s forestry and grassland efforts, especially for the scientists and technologists ____41____ (devote) to sand control. The annual Champions of the Earth Award, the UN’s highest environmental honor, recognizes pioneers making efforts ____42____ (protect) the people and the planet. 122 recipients (接受者) of the award have been honored for outstanding and inspirational environmental leadership ____43____ 2005. Lu said the Champions of the Earth Award would inspire more scientists and ecological workers, particularly younger generations, to contribute ____44____ (active) to global environmental protection and the achievement of the UN’s 2030 Goals. Lu also expressed a desire to see more ____45____ (effect) and adaptable desertification control technologies shared globally through initiatives such as China’s Belt and Road Initiative and the Global Development Initiative. 【答案】36 was awarded 37. addressing 38. that##who 39. and 40. recognition 41. devoted 42. to protect 43. since 44. actively 45. effective 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国科学家卢琦因在防治沙漠化领域的贡献获得联合国环保奖的消息。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：中国科学家卢琦上周二因在应对沙漠化、土地退化和干旱方面的贡献，被联合国环境规划署（UNEP）授予2024年度“地球卫士奖”之“科学与创新奖”。根据时间状语last Tuesday可知，事情发生在过去，时态应用一般过去时；主语 Chinese scientist Lu Qi与 award“授予”之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was awarded。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国科学家卢琦上周二因在应对沙漠化、土地退化和干旱方面的贡献，被联合国环境规划署（UNEP）授予2024年度“地球卫士奖”之“科学与创新奖”。本句谓语为was awarded，此处为非谓语动词，one’s contributions to 表示“某人对……的贡献”，其中to是介词，本空用address“设法解决”的动名词addressing，作宾语。故填addressing。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他是首位获此殊荣的中国人。“____ has been honored in this category”是定语从句，先行词是Chinese，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或who引导。故填that或who。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：据联合国环境规划署称，卢琦在实施世界上最大的植树造林项目以及建立专家研究网络和伙伴关系方面发挥了关键作用。in carrying out the world’s largest afforestation (造林) project与in establishing expert research networks and partnerships是并列关系，所以用连词and连接。故填and。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：这一奖项是对中国林业和草原工作最高认可，也是对致力于治沙的科技工作者的最大鼓励。本空作表语，且被the highest修饰，应用名词recognition“认可”，故填recognition。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这一奖项是对中国林业和草原工作的最高认可，也是对致力于治沙的科技工作者的最大鼓励。be devoted to表示“致力于”，本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，“____ (devote) to sand control”作后置定语，修饰“the scientists and technologists”，故用过去分词形式作定语。故填devoted。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一年一度的“地球卫士奖”是联合国的最高环境奖项，旨在表彰那些为保护人类和地球而努力的先驱者。本句谓语为recognizes，此处为非谓语动词，make efforts to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，为固定搭配，所以本空用动词不定式to protect。故填to protect。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：自2005年以来，已有122位获奖者因杰出且鼓舞人心的环境领导力而获此殊荣。根据have been honored可知，句子时态是现在完成时，“since + 时间点”常与现在完成时连用，表示“自从……以来”，所以此处用介词since。故填since。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：卢琦表示，“地球卫士奖”将激励更多的科学家和生态工作者，尤其是年轻一代，积极为全球环境保护和实现联合国2030年目标做出贡献。本空修饰动词contribute，作状语，用副词actively“积极地”。故填actively。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：卢琦还表示，希望通过“一带一路”倡议和全球发展倡议等举措，在全球范围内分享更多有效且适应性强的荒漠化防治技术。本空修饰 desertification control technologies，用形容词effective“有效的”，与adaptable并列，作定语。故填effective。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，上周日你去海洋公园游玩，期间参与了公园举办的游园摄影比赛。请你给好友 Tom 写一封电子邮件介绍这次经历，内容包括： 1.游玩感受; 2.摄影比赛情况(主题、你的作品内容等); 3.期待交流。 注意： 1.词数80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, How’s it going? I’m excited to share my unforgettable trip to the Ocean Park last Sunday with you. The moment I stepped into the park, I was fascinated by the vibrant marine world. The colorful sea creatures were so charming that I couldn’t take my eyes off them. During the trip, I also participated in a photography contest with the theme “Wonderful Ocean Moments.” My entry featured a dolphin gracefully leaping out of the water, its body shinning in the sunlight - a perfect representation of the park’s beauty and vitality. I’m looking forward to hearing about your recent adventures and exchanging ideas about photography. Let’s catch up soon! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以李华的身份给好友 Tom 写一封电子邮件，介绍上周日去海洋公园游玩并参与园内摄影比赛的经历，需涵盖游玩感受、比赛细节和期待交流三部分内容，重点考查事件描述和情感表达能力。 【详解】： 1.词汇积累： 迷人的：fascinated → captivated 充满活力的：vibrant → dynamic 优雅地：gracefully → elegantly 完美体现：a perfect representation →an ideal embodiment 2.句式拓展： 简单句变为复合句。 原句：My entry featured a dolphin gracefully leaping out of the water its body shinning in the sunlight - a perfect representation of the park’s beauty and vitality. 拓展句：My entry featured a dolphin that was gracefully leaping out of the water, its body shinning in the sunlight - a perfect representation of the park’s beauty and vitality. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The moment I stepped into the park, I was fascinated by the vibrant marine world.（运用the moment引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】My entry featured a dolphin gracefully leaping out of the water, its body shining in the sunlight - a perfect representation of the park's beauty and vitality.（使用独立主格结构its body shining in the sunlight作伴随状语，破折号后接同位语进行强调） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语编写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a sunny weekend, Lily, an adventurous high-school senior, and her close friends, Jack and Emma, decided to go hiking in the nearby mountains. Equipped with backpacks filled with water, snacks, and a map, they were excited to explore the great outdoors. As they walked along the well-marked track, chatting and laughing, the weather took an unexpected turn. Dark clouds rolled in quickly, swallowing the sun. The wind started to roar, and soon, rain poured down heavily. The path became slippery, and visibility dropped significantly. Lily, trying to keep up everyone’s spirits, suggested they find a place to take shelter. They spotted a small cave on the side of the hill and made their way towards it. Inside the cave, the air was damp and cold. As they gathered closely together, waiting for the storm to pass, they realized they had left their emergency flashlight in Jack’s backpack, which he had accidentally dropped on the trail during their rush to the cave. After what seemed like hours, the rain finally stopped, but the sky remained cloudy. When they stepped out of the cave, they were shocked to find that the track was no longer recognizable. Mudslides had occurred, and large stones blocked their way back. To make matters worse, Jack checked his phone and found that there was no signal. With a sense of unease coming in, they knew they had to find a way out of the mountains before nightfall. They decided to follow a small stream they saw, hoping it would lead them to a more familiar path or a nearby village. As they walked along the stream, the path became increasingly difficult, with steep slopes (陡坡) and thick underbrush. Suddenly, Emma let out a scream. She had stepped on a loose rock and twisted her ankle badly. Lily and Jack rushed to her side, their faces filled with worry. Now, not only did they have to find their way out, but they also had to help their injured friend. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Lily and Jack exchanged anxious looks, their minds racing for solutions. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just when they felt tired and hungry, Lily spotted a village in the distance. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Lily and Jack exchanged anxious looks, their minds racing for solutions. Jack quickly took off his backpack and looked through it, finding a bandage to wrap Emma’s ankle as best as he could. “We can’t leave her here,” Lily said firmly, her voice echoing with determination. They made a makeshift stretcher using branches and their jackets, carefully placing Emma on it. The going was slow and difficult as they navigated the rough path. Every step was a struggle, but their bond as friends kept them going. As the afternoon wore on, tiredness began to set in. Just when they felt tired and hungry, Lily spotted a village in the distance. Heart pounding with hope, they made their way towards it. To their joy, they found a well-used path that led down the village. With renewed energy, they quickened their pace. Finally, they reached the small village at the foot of the mountain. The villagers, kind-hearted and helpful, provided them with food, shelter, and called for medical help for Emma. Safe and sound, Lily, Jack, and Emma learned the true meaning of friendship and courage in the face of adversity. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物的冒险经历为线索展开，讲述了在一个阳光明媚的周末，Lily和她的朋友Jack、Emma去附近山上远足。天气突变，大雨倾盆，他们躲进洞穴避雨，却发现应急手电筒遗落在路上。雨停后，山路被泥石流阻断，手机也没有信号。他们沿小溪前行，Emma不慎扭伤脚踝。Lily和Jack用临时担架抬着Emma艰难前进，最终发现村庄并获救。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Lily和Jack交换了一下焦虑的眼神，脑子里都在争分夺秒地想办法。”可知，第一段可描写Lily和Jack没有抛下Emma不管，而是想出办法处理了Emma的伤处，并带着Emma一同艰难前行。 ②由第二段首句内容“就在他们感到又累又饿的时候，Lily看到了远处的一个村庄。”可知，第二段可描写他们找到了通往村庄的小路，赶紧走过去，村民们帮助了他们，三人对友谊和勇气有了更深的领悟。 2. 续写线索：Lily和Jack想办法——Lily和Jack救助Emma——三人艰难前行——Lily发现村庄——三人前往村庄，得到帮助——领悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①查看：look through/go over ②找到：find/discover ③到达：reach/get to ④提供：provide/give/offer 情绪类 ①决心：determination/resolve/resolution ②高兴：joy/delight/happiness 【点睛】[高分句型1] Heart pounding with hope, they made their way towards it. (运用了独立主格结构作状语) [高分句型2] To their joy, they found a well-used path that led down the village. (运用了that引导限制性定语从句) 1-5 BBCCA 6-10 BAACC 11-15 ABBCA 16-20 BACBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届高三开年摸底联考 英语试题 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 考试时间为120分钟，满分150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers doing? A. Attending a meeting. B. Preparing for a meeting. C. Looking through some materials. 2. Who is the man probably talking to? A. A customer. B. A waitress. C. A chef. 3. How many hours does the man suggest studying in the library a week? A.4 hours. B.5 hours. C. 8 hours. 4. What does the man offer to do for Suzy? A. Repair her car. B. Book a ticket for her. C. Take her to the airport. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their favorite types of music. B. Different kinds of instruments. C. Their favorite rock stars. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the woman work now? A. In the library. B. In a pet shop. C. In a supermarket. 7. What does the woman think of her new manager? A She’s patient. B. She’s clever. C. She’s quiet. · 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What did the man do just before the conversation? A. He did some reading. B. He relaxed on a beach. C. He went fishing. 9. Why was Goby put on the beach? A. To attract tourists. B. To introduce the beach. C. To act as a rubbish bin. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a museum. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant. 11. What day is it today? A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Friday. 12. What does the woman decide to do at last? A. Change the reservation. B. Wait for her turn. C. Come back tomorrow. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why is the woman unable to play badminton with the man? A. She is busy. B. She gets injured. C. She feels tired. 14. Who is the man probably? A. A doctor. B. A trainer. C. A student. 15. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Practice Tai Chi. B. Have some rest. C. Exercise with his mum. 16. What will the woman do tomorrow evening? A. Visit the man’s house. B. Take a piano lesson. C. Search for some videos. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is Benjamin Franklin according to the talk? A. The forefather of the US Postal system. B. The first man to deliver mail in the US. C One of the pilots flying the mail initially. 18. How long have mailmen been delivering mail by scooter (小型摩托车)? A. Over 250 years. B. Over 200 years. C. Over 100 years. 19. When did women begin to take city routes to deliver mail? A. In 1775. B. In 1917. C. In 1918. 20. What will the speaker probably talk about next? A. Another person who flew the mail. B. A story about a female mail carrier. C. An organization that delivers mails. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 2025 Student Launch Challenge About Student Launch NASA Student Launch is a research-based, competitive, and experiential exploration challenge that provides relevant and cost-effective research and development to support the Space Launch System (SLS). The activity involves reaching a broad audience of middle and high schools, colleges, and universities across the nation in a nine-month commitment to design, build, test and launch vehicle and payload (载荷) components that support SLS. It is aimed at inspiring students to explore science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) for the benefit of humanity. 2025 Student Launch NASA has selected 71 teams from across the US to participate in its 25th annual Student Launch Challenge. As part of the challenge, teams will design, build, and fly a high-powered amateur rocket and scientific payload. They also must meet documentation milestones and undergo detailed reviews throughout the school year. The nine-month-long challenge will be highlighted with on-site events starting on April 30,2025. Final launches are scheduled for May 3, 2025, at Bragg Farms in Toney, Alabama, just minutes north of NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center. It’s the perfect ending to the events. Teams are not required to travel for their final launch, having the option to launch from a qualified site. Student teams will undergo detailed reviews by NASA personnel to ensure the safety, operability and practicality of their rocket and payload designs. Awards The Altitude (高度) Award: Awarded to the team that comes closest to their declared target altitude on their competition launch. Vehicle Design Award: Awarded to the team with the most creative and innovative overall vehicle design for their intended payload while still maximizing safety and efficiency. Judges’ Choice Award: Selected during Launch Week by a panel of guest judges and awarded for the best combination of payload innovation, vehicle design and construction, and public engagement. 1. What is the main goal of the NASA Student Launch Challenge? A. To train professional astronauts. B. To promote students’ exploration of STEM. C. To test new rocket technologies. D. To select future employees for NASA. 2. How long does the on-site events last? A. Nine months B. Two months. C. Four days. D. One day. 3. What is the Vehicle Design Award based on? A. Social media popularity of the design. B. The maximum payload of the vehicle. C. Closeness to the scheduled launching height. D. The vehicle’s innovation and practical performance. B Photographer Ashley Suszczynski traces back her passion for art to her childhood years. Particularly, to making puppets (木偶) out of brown paper bags and throwing shows with her grandma. This later evolved into a love of science fiction and escaping to adventure lands populated by mythical creatures. This feeling of wonder runs through her project Masked masquerade (蒙面舞会) series, which sees her travelling through Europe to record a visually striking branch of ancient folk customs. “Several years ago, I saw photographs of a masquerade in the north of Spain called ‘La Vijanera,’” Suszczynski says. “The characters looked like those I had imagined from the pages of my childhood stories. There was everything from fur-covered creatures to masked tree fairies and spirits of the woodlands. I flew to Spain for a week to attend, and just like that, a passion was born.” After this, Suszczynski began researching more European masked masquerades, hoping to learn about their history, characters, and symbolism. The festivals typically celebrated common themes involving seasonal change, life, and happiness. “In each masquerade I feels like being transported into a different fairy tale novel from my childhood. It is an honor that instead of simply escaping into these fantastic stories, I can now share them through my photographs,” she shares. The project has taken her to Spain, Bulgaria, and Portugal, where she has photographed groups with designed costumes and masks. For Suszczynski, the entire process is a wild ride. “When I plan a ‘trip’ it’s usually around an event, and I’ll go to the event — the carnival, the parade, whatever it is — but that’s only the tip of the iceberg. That is the foot in the door,” she says. Besides, she tries her best to overcome the language barrier. But the photographer describes the whole process as an adventure worth paying. “I’ll have friends for life made from these photos. I am so thankful for each and every person I have photographed. They love to teach about their culture. They love for people to learn about their culture, to bring it to light,” Suszczynski concludes. 4. What is the primary focus of Ashley Suszczynski’s Masked masquerade series? A. Documenting creature evolution in Europe. B. Recording modern European street fashion. C Exploring masking traditions through photos. D. Investigating the history of puppet shows in Europe. 5. What did Suszczynski mainly intend to show in paragraph 2? A. The origin of the project. B. Her childhood stories. C. A masquerade in Spain. D. The background of her works. 6. How does Suszczynski feel about her work on the project? A. Tough and embarrassing. B. Relaxing but dangerous. C Meaningful and effortless. D. Challenging but rewarding. 7. What can we know about the people photographed by Suszczynski from the last paragraph? A. They share a common interest in photography. B. They are actively involved in spreading their culture. C. They got financial returns offered by Suszczynski. D. They appreciate being integrated with other cultures. C Climate change is largely responsible for the mass die-off of our planet’s coral reefs (珊瑚礁), as stress caused by higher water temperatures causes corals to drive away the algae (藻类) living within them. The loss of that life-giving algae isn’t the only problem, however. Stressed corals are also more likely to be infected by naturally occurring bacteria. In the past, populations of those extremely small living things were kept to manageable levels by sea cucumbers (海参), which feed on seafloor sediment (沉积物). Unfortunately, due to over-harvesting for use in the Asian seafood market, sea cucumbers are now becoming increasingly rare in many regions. In order to see just how crucial the animals are to coral health, a Georgia Tech team led by Mark Hay and Cody Clements conducted a series of field experiments in the South Pacific Ocean. Near the island of Mo’orea in French Polynesia, the scientists left existing sea cucumbers in 10 plots of sandy seabed and removed them from 10 others, then planted five coral groups in each of the plots. Those plots were subsequently inspected on a daily basis for a period of 45 days. It was ultimately found that coral death rate caused by sediment-associated diseases was 15 times greater in the sea-cucumber-less plots. Hay and Clements now hope that their findings will motivate governments and other groups to implement stricter limits on the harvesting of sea cucumbers, and to begin raising the animals for release onto corals that are in need of protection. Farmed sea cucumbers could potentially also find use in keeping fish farms clean, and possibly even delaying certain diseases. “If you remove all the sediment eaters in the great fish tank of Earth, you’re going to get a dirty tank eventually,” said Clements. “People have paid lip service to the idea that sea cucumbers could be important for a long time, but we didn’t know the scale of their importance until now.” 8. Why are sea cucumbers important for coral health? A. They directly provide nutrients to corals. B. They help to reduce disease risk to corals. C. They produce algae essential for coral life. D. They drive the harmful algae away from corals. 9. What was the key difference between the two sets of plots in the experiment? A. The presence or absence of sea cucumbers. B. The types of coral groups planted in them. C. The quantity of seafloor sediment in each plot. D. The frequency of inspections over the 45-day period. 10. What did Hay and Clements appeal for? A. A ban on seafood harvesting in the tested region. B. The establishment of new coral reserves worldwide. C. The adoption of more sea cucumber conservation practices. D Further study on the uses of farmed sea cucumbers in medicine. 11. What do Clements’ words imply in the last paragraph? A. The importance of sea cucumbers was greatly overstated. B. Sea cucumbers were considered insignificant for a long time. C. People have already taken measures to protect sea cucumbers. D. Sea cucumbers play a vital role in keeping marine ecosystem healthy. D “Zero distractions.” That’s what Cal Newport, author of Digital Minimalism: Choosing a Focused Life in a Noisy World, says is required to have a session of focused productivity he calls “deep work.” Are zero-distraction moments even available to most of us these days? After all, every technical innovation that makes our lives more convenient, like phones and apps and streaming entertainment, is built for a multi-tasking lifestyle. Listen to music. Add to your grocery list. Press “buy” on an online shopping cart. Reserve a table for this weekend. All of these are things many of us do at the same time — and all too often while we’re doing something else, like working. Newport described the snags of this lifestyle in an interview with The New York Times: “Every time you switch your attention from one target to another and then back again, there’s a cost. This switching creates an effect that psychologists call attention residue (残留), which can reduce your cognitive (认知的) capacity for a substantial amount of time before it clears. If you constantly make ‘quick checks’ of various devices and inboxes, you essentially keep yourself in a state of persistent attention residue, which is a terrible idea if you’re someone who uses your brain to make a living.” Instead of moving quickly from activity to activity, Newport urges us to actively make time for “deep work” every day, time when we are engaged in cognitively challenging tasks without interruption from anything else. This could be knitting or reading or learning a language or meeting a professional goal. The important part is that it needs to be an activity you can commit to investing your energy in wholeheartedly. Getting in the habit of working deeply will, says Newport, lead you to the unavoidable conclusion that “concentration is a super power.” What in your life would you like to approach with a “deep work” mentality? 12. What can be inferred about zero-distractions moments from paragraph 2? A. They are available to most people. B. They result from technical innovation. C. Most people don’t need them at all. D. It is hard to obtain them nowadays. 13. What does the underlined word “snags” mean in paragraph 3? A. Disadvantages. B. Features. C. Potentials. D. Principles. 14. What does Newport recommend doing according to the text? A. Reducing the use of technology. B. Doing one thing deeply at a time. C. Listening to music while working. D. Balancing multiple activities effectively. 15. Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. Multitasking: A Modern Lifestyle B. The Challenges of Zero Distractions C. Deep Work: The Key to Focused Productivity D. The Power of Attention Residue in a Noisy World 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you think of robots, a wide series of images may come to mind. Do you imagine them walking and talking like humans, completely integrating into our social fabric or performing complex tasks with ease? While robots have made remarkable advancements in recent years, they still face numerous challenges in truly copying human behavior. ____16____ Robots are increasingly being used in healthcare settings for a variety of tasks. From assisting in surgeries to providing companionship for the elderly, robots are becoming invaluable members of the healthcare team. ____17____ They rely heavily on advanced technology. Advanced sensors and artificial intelligence (AI) are key to a robot’s ability to understand and respond to its environment. ____18____ They can also analyze the collected data, and make informed decisions based on that information. For example, a robot designed to assist in surgeries can use sensors to monitor a patient’s vital signs in real time and adjust its actions accordingly. This ensures that the robot’s actions are always in the best interest of the patient. ____19____ They can be programmed to provide specific exercises or treatments tailored to an individual patient’s needs. This personalized approach ensures patients receive the most effective treatment possible. Furthermore, robots can also reduce the workload of healthcare professionals. Despite the many benefits of using robots in healthcare, there are still concerns about their safety and effectiveness. Ensuring that robots operate safely and reliably in a healthcare setting requires strict testing and regulation. ____20____ As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see more robots playing a critical role in healthcare, revolutionizing the way we approach medical care. A. In addition, robots are also playing a part in patient care. B. The future of robotics in the use of surgeries is promising. C. But how do these robots know when and how to intervene? D. However, the field of health care is not without challenges. E. These technologies allow robots to detect changes in their surroundings. F. Researchers are constantly working to improve them in the robotic systems. G. However, one area where robots are making significant progress is healthcare. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)。 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 With winter entering a particularly bitter cold and temperatures dropping into below zero every night, our electric furnace (火炉) stopped working. I reached a repairman only to find that he was overwhelmed by ____21____ from people in similar circumstances and it would be 8 days ____22____ someone could arrive here. I ____23____ went to the local hardware store and bought two space heaters. By ____24____ them from living room during the day to the bedrooms at night we stayed cool but ____25____ so far. One thing this did, however, was to remind me of my own childhood winter ____26____. I remembered as a boy ____27____ on freezing winter days, quickly pulling on thick socks, jean, and a coat and going into the living room where a single wood stove ____28____ the whole house. My dad added wood to the fire while we all gathered around it for ____29____. I remembered walking outside to fetch wood, with freezing fingers and frosty breath, ______30______ the whole way. It took so much more work just to ______31______ warmth back then, but somehow that made all of us ______32______ the warmth even more. I think how ______33______ warmth is not only in our homes but also in our hearts. This can be a very ______34______ world at times and it is up to us to add our warmth to it. Our giving heart and love for life will become a ______35______ that can warm the hearts of others around us as well. 21. A. instructions B. promises C. requests D. remarks 22. A. before B. since C. after D. unless 23. A. apparently B. frequently C. hesitantly D. hurriedly 24. A. moving B. hanging C. abandoning D. connecting 25. A. comfortable B. stable C. hopeful D. convenient 26. A. adventures B. memories C. accidents D. performances 27. A. driving away B. waking up C. stepping in D. leaving off 28. A. decorated B. bonded C. heated D. lighted 29. A. reception B. reunion C. warmth D. rescue 30. A. confusing B. panicking C. shaking D. cheering 31. A. resign B. inspect C. reflect D. gain 32. A. miss B. create C. admire D. appreciate 33. A. precious B. natural C. amusing D. challenging 34. A. fair B. cold C. strange D. fresh 35. A. symbol B. site C. lamp D. stove 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese scientist Lu Qi ____36____ (award) the title of 2024 Champions of the Earth of Science and Innovation by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) for his contributions to ____37____ (address) desertification (沙漠化), land degradation and drought on last Tuesday. Lu is the chief scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and founding president of the Institute of Great Green Wall. He is the first Chinese ____38____ has been honored in this category. According to the UNEP, Lu has played a key role in carrying out the world’s largest afforestation (造林) project ____39____ in establishing expert research networks and partnerships. This award is the highest ____40____ (recognize) and greatest encouragement for China’s forestry and grassland efforts, especially for the scientists and technologists ____41____ (devote) to sand control. The annual Champions of the Earth Award, the UN’s highest environmental honor, recognizes pioneers making efforts ____42____ (protect) the people and the planet. 122 recipients (接受者) of the award have been honored for outstanding and inspirational environmental leadership ____43____ 2005. Lu said the Champions of the Earth Award would inspire more scientists and ecological workers, particularly younger generations, to contribute ____44____ (active) to global environmental protection and the achievement of the UN’s 2030 Goals. Lu also expressed a desire to see more ____45____ (effect) and adaptable desertification control technologies shared globally through initiatives such as China’s Belt and Road Initiative and the Global Development Initiative. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，上周日你去海洋公园游玩，期间参与了公园举办的游园摄影比赛。请你给好友 Tom 写一封电子邮件介绍这次经历，内容包括： 1.游玩感受; 2.摄影比赛情况(主题、你的作品内容等); 3.期待交流。 注意： 1.词数80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语编写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a sunny weekend, Lily, an adventurous high-school senior, and her close friends, Jack and Emma, decided to go hiking in the nearby mountains. Equipped with backpacks filled with water, snacks, and a map, they were excited to explore the great outdoors. As they walked along the well-marked track, chatting and laughing, the weather took an unexpected turn. Dark clouds rolled in quickly, swallowing the sun. The wind started to roar, and soon, rain poured down heavily. The path became slippery, and visibility dropped significantly. Lily, trying to keep up everyone’s spirits, suggested they find a place to take shelter. They spotted a small cave on the side of the hill and made their way towards it. Inside the cave, the air was damp and cold. As they gathered closely together, waiting for the storm to pass, they realized they had left their emergency flashlight in Jack’s backpack, which he had accidentally dropped on the trail during their rush to the cave. After what seemed like hours, the rain finally stopped, but the sky remained cloudy. When they stepped out of the cave, they were shocked to find that the track was no longer recognizable. Mudslides had occurred, and large stones blocked their way back. To make matters worse, Jack checked his phone and found that there was no signal. With a sense of unease coming in, they knew they had to find a way out of the mountains before nightfall. They decided to follow a small stream they saw, hoping it would lead them to a more familiar path or a nearby village. As they walked along the stream, the path became increasingly difficult, with steep slopes (陡坡) and thick underbrush. Suddenly, Emma let out a scream. She had stepped on a loose rock and twisted her ankle badly. Lily and Jack rushed to her side, their faces filled with worry. Now, not only did they have to find their way out, but they also had to help their injured friend. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Lily and Jack exchanged anxious looks, their minds racing for solutions. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just when they felt tired and hungry, Lily spotted a village in the distance. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 BBCCA 6-10 BAACC 11-15 ABBCA 16-20 BACBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$