精品解析：宁夏石嘴山市第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

石嘴山市第一中学2024-2025学年高二年级第一学期期末考试 英语试题 一、阅读理解 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Which fruit personality are you? In the workplace, we have to be able to deal with people who aren’t like us. No one will change for you, so you just have to respect their differences.When identifying personality types, I like to talk in terms of fruit. Nobody is just one fruit, but we all have a preference. And we tend to emphasize our top two, especially under pressure. Here are some fruit personalities and how best to deal with them. Types Introduction & Management Apple: Hard Core Apple types are direct and don’t suffer fools. They are fast, logical thinkers who love to win and hate to lose control. They’ll get a result at any cost, but see conflict as sport. Mango types love life and can’t afford to miss a minute. They love variety because they tend to be easily distracted and naturally rule breakers. Lemon types love structure and order. They are worriers who like security and predictability. They excel at spotting gaps in a plan. But too many rules can also be frustrating. Banana types enjoy peace and shy away from conflicts. They are kind to react to others’ requests. However, when they are too accommodating, they can be seen as indecisive. 1. Always stand up to them. 2. Get to the point. 3. Don’t take it personally. 4. Watch and learn from them. Mango: Juicy and Messy Apple types are direct and don’t suffer fools. They are fast, logical thinkers who love to win and hate to lose control. They’ll get a result at any cost, but see conflict as sport. Mango types love life and can’t afford to miss a minute. They love variety because they tend to be easily distracted and naturally rule breakers. Lemon types love structure and order. They are worriers who like security and predictability. They excel at spotting gaps in a plan. But too many rules can also be frustrating. 1. Talk big picture, avoid details. 2. Give them false deadlines. 3. Don’t micro-manage. Lemon: Concentrated Banana types enjoy peace and shy away from conflicts. They are kind to react to others’ requests. However, when they are too accommodating, they can be seen as indecisive. Apple types are direct and don’t suffer fools. They are fast, logical thinkers who love to win and hate to lose control. They’ll get a result at any cost, but see conflict as sport. Mango types love life and can’t afford to miss a minute. They love variety because they tend to be easily distracted and naturally rule breakers. Lemon types love structure and order. They are worriers who like security and predictability. They excel at spotting gaps in a plan. But too many rules can also be frustrating. 1. Respect their need for space. 2. Don’t surprise them. 3. Listen with respect. 4. Show your pace. Banana: Sweet and Gentle Banana types enjoy peace and shy away from conflicts. They are kind to react to others’ requests. However, when they are too accommodating, they can be seen as indecisive. 1. Don’t pressure them, motivate. 2. Create a positive environment. 3. Encourage regular feedback. 4. Be nice to them. 1. What do people of Mango and Lemon personalities have in common? A. They both prefer private space and strict deadlines. B. They both require frequent feedback and external motivation. C. They both serve as good ice-breakers of the workplace. D. They both dislike being restricted by too many regulations. 2. Who probably favors the Banana Personality? A. Robin, an innovative thinker who is willing to face challenges. B. Nancy, a brilliant planner who always sticks to his daily routines. C. Adam, a patient worker who prioritizes harmonious relationships. D. Jack, an open-minded leader who advocates the value of diversity. 3. Where can the passage probably be found? A. In a book review. B. In an entertainment book. C. In an academic paper. D. In a psychology magazine. B In June, 11-year-old Nigerian ballet dancer Anthony Mmesoma Madu was filmed barefoot, spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete, rain puddles (水坑). Just a few short months later, he has become an Internet star and gained a famous scholarship in America. Madu thought he was being recorded for a study session by his ballet instructor, instead, the short video of him practicing his moves was posted on social media and has been shared widely across the world, with some of his fans including Hollywood actors Cynthia Erivo and Viola Davis. His dancing also caught the attention of Cynthia Harvey, the artistic director of the ABT Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis School of Dance in New York. Harvey was so impressed by his talent that she tracked him down and offered him a scholarship with the American Ballet Theatre where he will attend a summer school in 2021. Madu says his interest in ballet developed after watching Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses, a 2006 cartoon about 12 princesses who share a passion for the dance. "When I was watching the cartoon, I told my mum that I want to do ballet." he said. He eventually got the chance to learn the dance after relocating to Ojo, a suburb (郊区) of Lagos with his mother, where they met Daniel Owoseni Ajala, founder of the Leap of Dance Academy. Ajala founded the dance academy in 2017 and has been teaching ballet for free to children who are unable to pay for a dance education since then. When the self-taught instructor learned of Madu's desire to dance, he said he encouraged Madu's mother to let him sign up. It was during one of their sessions that he recorded Madu's dance video, but he never imagined that it would circulate rapidly. "The video wasn't something we imagined to come out the way it did. It was just something that was supposed to show corrections of movements. It was bigger than I imagined, and I started getting calls. Celebrities were posting us," he said. 4. What can we know about Anthony Mmesoma Madu? A. He decided to apply for a scholarship. B. He became one of Viola Davis' big fans. C. He posted his short video on social media. D. He impressed many people by his dancing. 5. When did Madu show interest in ballet? A. After attending a dance academy. B. After moving to a suburb of Lagos. C. After watching a lively cartoon. D. After meeting Daniel Owoseni Ajala. 6. How can we describe Daniel Owoseni Ajala? A. Demanding but sympathetic. B. Warm-hearted and respectable. C. Stubborn but generous. D. Creative and outstanding. 7. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. A Non-profit Dance Academy B. A Wonderful Dance Performance C. A Self-taught Ballet Instructor D. An 11-year-old Nigerian Ballet Boy C More digital devices equal less time to concentrate and to think. The negative effects of this on researchers are settled by computer scientist Cal Newport in his latest book, Slow Productivity. The book’s title challenges the idea that productivity could always be increased with the help of technology, which is common in many workplaces. Newport, who studies technology in the workplace at Georgetown University in Washington DC, says that researchers and other knowledge workers need to slow down, and spend more time thinking how to improve quality in their work. New communications technologies have enormous benefits, including speeding up research. But they are also compressing thinking time. Communications technologies are sure to evolve further and to continue distracting researchers from their work. Newport’s paper raises a much more fundamental question: what is the impact of lost concentration time on science — not just on the structure and process of science, but also on the content and quality of research? Newport used many examples to explain the question. These examples will help researchers and institutional leaders to make better decisions about the technologies’ arrangement and time to think. Newport also refers to some studies on how thinking time can be protected in a world of instant communication and gives suggestions on increasing thinking time, including limiting the number of items on to-do lists, and avoiding individual members sending e-mails to each other. For institutions, Newport recommends a clear workload management system — a way for managers to see everything that a colleague is expected to do — and then to adjust the workload if there are more tasks than there is available time. 8. What’s the general thought in many workplaces? A. Improving productivity is important. B. High tech devices help increase productivity. C. Workers should only focus on improving quality. D. Knowledge workers are good at improving productivity. 9. Which can explain the underlined word “compressing” in paragraph 3? A. Wasting. B. Controlling. C. Balancing. D. Decreasing. 10. How does Newport explain lacking thinking time is bad for science? A. By giving examples. B. By surveying scientists. C. By doing some research. D. By referring to some studies. 11. What’s the suggestion of Newport for increasing thinking time? A. Lowering extra work burden. B. Limiting the number of e-mails. C. Working tasks should be complex. D. Working environment should be friendly. D Texting on the moon or live streaming on Mars may be closer than you think. That’s because NASA and a cellphone manufacturer are working together to set up a 4G cellular (蜂窝状的) network on the moon. While this seems like something out of science fiction, the reality is that a rocket will be launched later in 2024 and it will carry a 4G network to the surface of the Moon. “The first challenge to getting a network up and running is the bad conditions of the lunar environment and having space-qualified cellular equipment that meets the appropriate size, weight, and power requirements, as well as being operated without a technician,” Walt Engelund, deputy associate administrator for programs at NASA said. Astronauts currently communicate with each other by radios but a more complicated system is needed. Being able to easily communicate on the moon is critical — as critical as any other mission element like power, water to drink, and air to breathe. Eventually, this effort will help establish a lunar communication network that could give our explorers the ability to beam scientific data back, discuss with mission control, and talk to their families, as if they were walking down the street on their cellphones. If everything goes as planned, the cellphone manufacturer’s 4G lunar network will do more than just allow astronauts to communicate with each other, and it will also allow autonomous robotics on the moon to operate. The hope is that the network could be adapted for Mars and that it can be upgraded to 5G. This could be the beginning of an off-world Internet, which is similar to the one on Earth. In the future, space immigrants will be able to connect their personal devices to the network and access apps and information anywhere mankind can travel to. It seems that the world of sci-fi is becoming a reality. 12. What is the function of paragraph 1? A. To announce a new initiative by NASA. B. To show the reason for space exploration. C. To stress the importance of space network. D. To forecast the progression of space Internet. 13. What does Walt Engelund’s statement mainly address? A. The roles of technicians in space missions. B. Difficulties of setting up a moon network. C. Space equipment’s size and power requirements. D. The need for advanced lunar communication tech. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of off-world Internet? A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Positive. D. Disapproving. 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. 4G technology is going to the moon. B. 4G technology is created for exploring the moon. C. 4G technology helps people live better on the moon. D. 4G technology decides the exploration plan of the moon. 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Think about the last time you felt a negative emotion — like stress, anger, or frustration. ____16____ Was your mind cluttered (凌乱) with thoughts? Or was it paralyzed, unable to think? The next time you find yourself in the middle of a very stressful time, or you feel angry or frustrated, stop. Whatever you’re doing, stop and sit for one minute. ____17____ Take the entire minute to do nothing else but feel that emotion. If you feel you need to hold on to the emotion for a little longer, that is OK. ____18____ When you feel you’ve had enough of the emotion, ask yourself if you’re willing to carry that negativity with you for the rest of the day. If not, take a deep breath. As you do that, release all that negativity with your breath. This exercise seems simple — almost too simple. ____19____ By allowing that negative emotion the space to be truly felt, you are dealing with the emotion rather than stuffing it down and trying not to feel it. ____20____ When you lose yourself in the emotion, and realize that it is only emotion, it loses its control. You can clear your head and proceed with your task. Try it. Next time you’re in the middle of a negative emotion, give yourself the space to feel the emotion and see what happens. Remember to take the time you need to really immerse yourself in the emotion. Then, when you feel you’ve felt it enough, release it — really let go of it. You will be surprised at how quickly you can move on from a negative situation and get to what you really want to do! A. Yet it is very effective. B. This will remind you of the steps to the process. C. Allow yourself another minute to feel the emotion. D. What was going through your mind as you were undergoing that negativity? E. While you’re sitting there, completely immerse yourself in the negative emotion. F. Are you willing to keep holding on to this negative emotion as you go through the rest of the day? G. You are actually taking away the power of the emotion by giving it the space and attention it needs. 二、语言运用 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）：阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The best example of universally understood body language may be the smile. A smile can open doors and tear down walls among ____21____． I have organized and reorganized an ____22____ with the dentist for months. I also confirmed it twice and called the day before to ____23____all the paperwork would be ready for the x­rays. Then I arrived. It wasn’t ____24____at all. The lady there even had no idea what I was talking about. I ____25____ felt my blood boil. I was getting so mad. I didn’t yell at her but I may as well have because the ____26____ I was talking to her was not nice. I spoke down to her like she was a child and incapable. It was not a good moment. The whole time she smiled and was ____27____ to me. Only when everything was finally ____28____ was I nice. I sat down in the waiting area and reflected on it all. How can I make it better? How can I make up for my ____29____ behavior a moment ago? I couldn’t. I could _____30_____ her a chocolate bar I had on me, but this needed more than that. It needed an honest _____31_____ and that is exactly what I gave. I apologized for the way I had spoken to her and told her it was wrong of me. She _____32_____.Again with a smile. God help me be that woman who smiles and forgives so _____33_____. I don’t get it right every time. I can be rude and when I am, I almost _____34_____ myself for it. I am not that person, not anymore. Yet I continue to grow and continue to _____35_____. It’s true that smile vanished my anger and opened a door to understanding. 21. A. friends B. strangers C. patients D. relatives 22. A. interview B. operation C. experiment D. appointment 23. A. conclude B. approve C. ensure D. apply 24. A. crowded B. ready C. open D. busy 25. A. mildly B. roughly C. privately D. immediately 26. A. habit B. way C. accent D. tune 27. A. rude B. attached C. friendly D. devoted 28. A. figured B. added C. made D. sorted 29. A. unnecessary B. impolite C. impossible D. unfair 30. A. post B. assist C. press D. gift 31. A. comment B. promise C. apology D. suggestion 32. A. refused B. agreed C. ignored D. accepted 33. A. slowly B. easily C. frequently D. tightly 34. A. teach B. forgive C. hate D. see 35. A. expand B. react C. overcome D. learn 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）： 语法填空 On the old Silk Road, Dunhuang was the gateway to and from ancient China, a place ___36___ East met West, and a green island in the middle of the desert. Its long and glorious history represents its significance ___37___ a center of cultural and commercial exchange. Something really extraordinary happened in 1900, when a Taoist made one of the most important finds of the 20th century. In a sealed cave, now known as the famous Library Cave, ___38___ (be) thousands of paintings and scrolls, as well as silk embroideries(刺绣) .___39___ (date) back to 405 AD to 1002AD, these ___40___ (hide) treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade. Thanks to this ancient library, we now know that goods arrived in Dunhuang from as far away as North-east Europe, and ___41___ goods were also exported from Dunhuang across Asia and Europe. The scrolls are so detailed that they ___42___ (vivid) describe camels carrying loads of goods and traders selling everything ___43___ (imagine) , such as medicine and fruit, to name just a few. The scrolls also reveal how many different communities lived side-by-side within this great city. However, the reason why the Library Cave was unknown all those years ago ___44___ (remain) a mystery. In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang gradually faded from memory. Fortunately, this century is bringing the Silk Road once more to life through the Belt and Road Initiative to promote cultural exchange and ____45____ (strength) mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road. Today’s Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads and a world-class tourist destination boasting sites with UNESCO-protected heritage status. 三、写作 第一节：书信写作 46. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jerry对巴黎奥运会中国代表队的表现和运动精神印象深刻，故写信给你，想请你谈一谈你最喜欢的运动员。请你写一封回信给他。 内容包括： 1. 基本信息，如姓名、运动项目等； 2. 取得的成就； 3. 对你的影响或启发。 要求：1. 写作词数应为100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： athlete 运动员 Dear Jerry, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节：读后续写 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Polly Goodman, 82-year-old, was a rich old woman. Her husband was a businessman and left her a large fortune after his death, so she had no problems supporting herself. The only problem was that her son who was a doctor busy with his work seldom had time to visit her, leaving her living lonely. One day, Polly was walking along the beach, like she did every evening near her seaside house, when she noticed a young boy and his little sister playing there. As she was passing by them, she heard their mother calling out to them. “Corey! Daisy! Be careful! Stay away from the water!” Polly noticed their mother resting on a bench, appearing sick and tired. The dark circles under her eyes were quite obvious, and she coughed frequently. Polly always had a desire to have a chat with someone. So she walked carefully towards the mother with a kind smile on her face. “Hi, I’m Polly. I live by the beach.” Polly said. The mother looked up at Polly, feeling a little surprised. The mother told Polly she was Lydia and had worked as a waitress. Lydia further said that she and her children had only recently moved to that location because her children had always wanted to see the ocean. Then Lydia stopped to cough heavily. After she calmed down, it seemed she wanted to say something, but stopped as if there was something difficult to tell. Polly did not follow up, saying goodbye and left. When Polly went to the beach the next day, she saw the kids again, but this time their mother wasn’t with them. She observed them playing by themselves until late in the evening before heading home. The third day came and again the two kids played at the seaside until late in the evening, still without their mother s company. Then the elder brother was about to lead the sister back home. Out of curiosity and care Polly decided to follow them to their house. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Upon arrival, the kids invited Polly inside. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Polly took the mother to the hospital her son worked in. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 石嘴山市第一中学2024-2025学年高二年级第一学期期末考试 英语试题 一、阅读理解 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Which fruit personality are you? In the workplace, we have to be able to deal with people who aren’t like us. No one will change for you, so you just have to respect their differences.When identifying personality types, I like to talk in terms of fruit. Nobody is just one fruit, but we all have a preference. And we tend to emphasize our top two, especially under pressure. Here are some fruit personalities and how best to deal with them. Types Introduction & Management Apple: Hard Core Apple types are direct and don’t suffer fools. They are fast, logical thinkers who love to win and hate to lose control. They’ll get a result at any cost, but see conflict as sport. Mango types love life and can’t afford to miss a minute. They love variety because they tend to be easily distracted and naturally rule breakers. Lemon types love structure and order. They are worriers who like security and predictability. They excel at spotting gaps in a plan. But too many rules can also be frustrating. Banana types enjoy peace and shy away from conflicts. They are kind to react to others’ requests. However, when they are too accommodating, they can be seen as indecisive. 1. Always stand up to them. 2. Get to the point. 3. Don’t take it personally. 4. Watch and learn from them. Mango: Juicy and Messy Apple types are direct and don’t suffer fools. They are fast, logical thinkers who love to win and hate to lose control. They’ll get a result at any cost, but see conflict as sport. Mango types love life and can’t afford to miss a minute. They love variety because they tend to be easily distracted and naturally rule breakers. Lemon types love structure and order. They are worriers who like security and predictability. They excel at spotting gaps in a plan. But too many rules can also be frustrating. 1. Talk big picture, avoid details. 2. Give them false deadlines. 3. Don’t micro-manage. Lemon: Concentrated Banana types enjoy peace and shy away from conflicts. They are kind to react to others’ requests. However, when they are too accommodating, they can be seen as indecisive. Apple types are direct and don’t suffer fools. They are fast, logical thinkers who love to win and hate to lose control. They’ll get a result at any cost, but see conflict as sport. Mango types love life and can’t afford to miss a minute. They love variety because they tend to be easily distracted and naturally rule breakers. Lemon types love structure and order. They are worriers who like security and predictability. They excel at spotting gaps in a plan. But too many rules can also be frustrating. 1. Respect their need for space. 2. Don’t surprise them. 3. Listen with respect. 4. Show your pace. Banana: Sweet and Gentle Banana types enjoy peace and shy away from conflicts. They are kind to react to others’ requests. However, when they are too accommodating, they can be seen as indecisive. 1. Don’t pressure them, motivate. 2. Create a positive environment. 3. Encourage regular feedback. 4. Be nice to them. 1. What do people of Mango and Lemon personalities have in common? A. They both prefer private space and strict deadlines. B. They both require frequent feedback and external motivation. C. They both serve as good ice-breakers of the workplace. D. They both dislike being restricted by too many regulations. 2. Who probably favors the Banana Personality? A. Robin, an innovative thinker who is willing to face challenges. B. Nancy, a brilliant planner who always sticks to his daily routines. C. Adam, a patient worker who prioritizes harmonious relationships. D. Jack, an open-minded leader who advocates the value of diversity. 3. Where can the passage probably be found? A. In a book review. B. In an entertainment book. C. In an academic paper. D. In a psychology magazine. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种以水果命名的不同人格类型，包括苹果型、芒果型、柠檬型和香蕉型，并给出了与这些类型的人相处的建议。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mango部分中“Mango types love life and can’t afford to miss a minute. They love variety because they tend to be easily distracted and naturally rule breakers.( 芒果型的人热爱生活，一分钟都不能错过。他们喜欢多样化，因为他们容易分心，天生就是规则的破坏者)”和Lemon部分中“Lemon types love structure and order. They are worriers who like security and predictability. They excel at spotting gaps in a plan. But too many rules can also be frustrating. (柠檬型喜欢结构和秩序。他们是喜欢安全感和可预测性的担忧着。他们擅长发现计划中的漏洞。但是太多的规则也会令人沮丧)”可知，芒果型和柠檬型人格的人都不喜欢被太多的规则所束缚。故选D项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Banana部分中“Banana types enjoy peace and shy away from conflicts. They are kind to react to others’ requests. However, when they are too accommodating, they can be seen as indecisive. (香蕉型的人喜欢和平，回避冲突。他们乐于回应他人的要求。然而，当他们过于迁就时，他们会被视为优柔寡断)”可知，香蕉型人格的人喜欢和平，乐于回应他人的要求，重视和谐关系。C项“Adam, a patient worker who prioritizes harmonious relationships.(Adam，一个有耐心的工人，把和谐关系放在首位)”中Adam重视和谐关系，所以他可能喜欢香蕉型人格。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，结合文章标题“Which fruit personality are you?(你是哪种水果性格的人)”可知，文章主要介绍了四种不同的人格类型及其特点，以及如何与这些类型的人相处，这属于心理学范畴的内容，所以本文可能在一本心理学杂志上找到。故选D项。 B In June, 11-year-old Nigerian ballet dancer Anthony Mmesoma Madu was filmed barefoot, spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete, rain puddles (水坑). Just a few short months later, he has become an Internet star and gained a famous scholarship in America. Madu thought he was being recorded for a study session by his ballet instructor, instead, the short video of him practicing his moves was posted on social media and has been shared widely across the world, with some of his fans including Hollywood actors Cynthia Erivo and Viola Davis. His dancing also caught the attention of Cynthia Harvey, the artistic director of the ABT Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis School of Dance in New York. Harvey was so impressed by his talent that she tracked him down and offered him a scholarship with the American Ballet Theatre where he will attend a summer school in 2021. Madu says his interest in ballet developed after watching Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses, a 2006 cartoon about 12 princesses who share a passion for the dance. "When I was watching the cartoon, I told my mum that I want to do ballet." he said. He eventually got the chance to learn the dance after relocating to Ojo, a suburb (郊区) of Lagos with his mother, where they met Daniel Owoseni Ajala, founder of the Leap of Dance Academy. Ajala founded the dance academy in 2017 and has been teaching ballet for free to children who are unable to pay for a dance education since then. When the self-taught instructor learned of Madu's desire to dance, he said he encouraged Madu's mother to let him sign up. It was during one of their sessions that he recorded Madu's dance video, but he never imagined that it would circulate rapidly. "The video wasn't something we imagined to come out the way it did. It was just something that was supposed to show corrections of movements. It was bigger than I imagined, and I started getting calls. Celebrities were posting us," he said. 4. What can we know about Anthony Mmesoma Madu? A. He decided to apply for a scholarship. B. He became one of Viola Davis' big fans. C. He posted his short video on social media. D. He impressed many people by his dancing. 5. When did Madu show interest in ballet? A. After attending a dance academy. B. After moving to a suburb of Lagos. C. After watching a lively cartoon. D. After meeting Daniel Owoseni Ajala. 6. How can we describe Daniel Owoseni Ajala? A. Demanding but sympathetic. B. Warm-hearted and respectable. C. Stubborn but generous. D. Creative and outstanding. 7. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. A Non-profit Dance Academy B. A Wonderful Dance Performance C. A Self-taught Ballet Instructor D. An 11-year-old Nigerian Ballet Boy 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞演员Anthony Mmesoma Madu被拍到光着脚，在空中优雅地旋转跳跃，最后落在混凝土和雨坑中。短短几个月后，他就成为了网络明星，并在美国获得了一份著名的奖学金。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In June, 11-year-old Nigerian ballet dancer Anthony Mmesoma Madu was filmed barefoot, spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete, rain puddles (水坑). (今年6月，11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞演员Anthony Mmesoma Madu被拍到光着脚，在空中优雅地旋转跳跃，最后落在混凝土和雨坑中)”及第二段“the short video of him practicing his moves was posted on social media and has been shared widely across the world, with some of his fans including Hollywood actors Cynthia Erivo and Viola Davis. (他练习动作的短视频被发布在社交媒体上，在世界各地被广泛分享，包括好莱坞演员Cynthia Erivo和Viola Davis在内的一些粉丝)”可知，他的跳芭蕾的视频很打动人心，给好多人留下深刻印象，被广为分享。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Madu says his interest in ballet developed after watching Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses, a 2006 cartoon about 12 princesses who share a passion for the dance.(Madu说，他对芭蕾的兴趣是在2006年看了《12位跳舞的公主》中的芭比之后发展起来的，这是一部关于12位公主都热爱舞蹈的卡通片)”可知，他是看完一部生动的关于芭蕾舞的卡通片之后，对芭蕾舞产生兴趣。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“where they met Daniel Owoseni Ajala, founder of the Leap of Dance Academy. Ajala founded the dance academy in 2017 and has been teaching ballet for free to children who are unable to pay for a dance education since then. (在那里他们遇到了舞蹈学院的创始人Daniel Owoseni Ajala。Ajala于2017年创办了这所舞蹈学院，从那时起就一直在为无力支付舞蹈教育费用的孩子们免费教授芭蕾舞)”及第六段“When the self-taught instructor learned of Madu's desire to dance, he said he encouraged Madu's mother to let him sign up.(这位自学成才的教练说，当他得知玛杜想要跳舞时，他鼓励Madu的母亲让他报名)”可知，这位教练免费为付不起学费的孩子教授舞蹈，建议Madu报名，还分享Madu的练习视频。由此可知，Daniel Owoseni Ajala是一个热心的、值得人们敬重的人。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“In June, 11-year-old Nigerian ballet dancer Anthony Mmesoma Madu was filmed barefoot, spinning and leaping gracefully in the air and landing in concrete, rain puddles (水坑). Just a few short months later, he has become an Internet star and gained a famous scholarship in America.(今年6月，11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞演员安东尼·姆梅索玛·短短几个月后，他就成为了网络明星，并在美国获得了一份著名的奖学金)”可知，这是一篇新闻类文章，主要报道这个11岁小男孩生活条件恶劣，为舞蹈而着迷，他的一段练习视频感动了很多人，小男孩是本文主角。由此可知，An 11-year-old Nigerian Ballet Boy(11岁的尼日利亚芭蕾舞男孩)适合作本文标题。故选D项。 C More digital devices equal less time to concentrate and to think. The negative effects of this on researchers are settled by computer scientist Cal Newport in his latest book, Slow Productivity. The book’s title challenges the idea that productivity could always be increased with the help of technology, which is common in many workplaces. Newport, who studies technology in the workplace at Georgetown University in Washington DC, says that researchers and other knowledge workers need to slow down, and spend more time thinking how to improve quality in their work. New communications technologies have enormous benefits, including speeding up research. But they are also compressing thinking time. Communications technologies are sure to evolve further and to continue distracting researchers from their work. Newport’s paper raises a much more fundamental question: what is the impact of lost concentration time on science — not just on the structure and process of science, but also on the content and quality of research? Newport used many examples to explain the question. These examples will help researchers and institutional leaders to make better decisions about the technologies’ arrangement and time to think. Newport also refers to some studies on how thinking time can be protected in a world of instant communication and gives suggestions on increasing thinking time, including limiting the number of items on to-do lists, and avoiding individual members sending e-mails to each other. For institutions, Newport recommends a clear workload management system — a way for managers to see everything that a colleague is expected to do — and then to adjust the workload if there are more tasks than there is available time. 8. What’s the general thought in many workplaces? A. Improving productivity is important. B. High tech devices help increase productivity. C. Workers should only focus on improving quality. D. Knowledge workers are good at improving productivity. 9. Which can explain the underlined word “compressing” in paragraph 3? A. Wasting. B. Controlling. C. Balancing. D. Decreasing. 10. How does Newport explain lacking thinking time is bad for science? A. By giving examples. B. By surveying scientists. C. By doing some research. D. By referring to some studies. 11. What’s the suggestion of Newport for increasing thinking time? A. Lowering extra work burden. B. Limiting the number of e-mails. C. Working tasks should be complex. D. Working environment should be friendly. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家Cal Newport的新书Slow Productivity以及书中的核心观点。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The book’s title challenges the idea that productivity could always be increased with the help of technology, which is common in many workplaces.(这本书的标题挑战了科技能提高生产力这一观点，这在许多工作场所都很常见。)”可知，许多工作场所的普遍想法是科技能够提高生产力，即高科技设备能提高生产力。故选B项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词compressing前文的内容“New communications technologies have enormous benefits, including speeding up research.(新的通信技术有巨大的好处，包括加快研究速度。)”以及后文“Communications technologies are sure to evolve further and to continue distracting researchers from their work.(通信技术肯定会进一步发展，并继续分散研究人员的工作注意力。)”可知，更新的通信技术虽然会加快研究速度，但是会分散研究人员的工作注意力，故可推知划线词compressing与D项“Decreasing(减少)”意思相近，更新的通信技术虽然会加快研究速度，但是会分散研究人员的工作注意力，从而会减少他们的思考时间。故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Newport’s paper raises a much more fundamental question: what is the impact of lost concentration time on science — not just on the structure and process of science, but also on the content and quality of research? Newport used many examples to explain the question.(Newport的论文提出了一个更为根本的问题：失去集中注意力的时间对科学有什么影响——不仅对科学的结构和过程，而且对研究的内容和质量有什么影响？Newport用了许多例子来解释这个问题。)”可知，Newport通过举例解释缺乏思考时间不利于科学，故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Newport also refers to some studies on how thinking time can be protected in a world of instant communication and gives suggestions on increasing thinking time, including limiting the number of items on to-do lists, and avoiding individual members sending e-mails to each other. For institutions, Newport recommends a clear workload management system — a way for managers to see everything that a colleague is expected to do — and then to adjust the workload if there are more tasks than there is available time.(Newport还参考了一些关于如何在即时通信的世界中保护思考时间的研究，并给出了增加思考时间的建议，包括限制待办事项清单上的项目数量，避免个人成员相互发送电子邮件。对于机构来说，Newport建议建立一个清晰的工作量管理系统——一种让管理者看到同事需要做的所有事情的方式——然后在任务多于可用时间的情况下调整工作量。)”可推知，Newport对增加思考时间的建议是减少额外工作负担。故选A项。 D Texting on the moon or live streaming on Mars may be closer than you think. That’s because NASA and a cellphone manufacturer are working together to set up a 4G cellular (蜂窝状的) network on the moon. While this seems like something out of science fiction, the reality is that a rocket will be launched later in 2024 and it will carry a 4G network to the surface of the Moon. “The first challenge to getting a network up and running is the bad conditions of the lunar environment and having space-qualified cellular equipment that meets the appropriate size, weight, and power requirements, as well as being operated without a technician,” Walt Engelund, deputy associate administrator for programs at NASA said. Astronauts currently communicate with each other by radios but a more complicated system is needed. Being able to easily communicate on the moon is critical — as critical as any other mission element like power, water to drink, and air to breathe. Eventually, this effort will help establish a lunar communication network that could give our explorers the ability to beam scientific data back, discuss with mission control, and talk to their families, as if they were walking down the street on their cellphones. If everything goes as planned, the cellphone manufacturer’s 4G lunar network will do more than just allow astronauts to communicate with each other, and it will also allow autonomous robotics on the moon to operate. The hope is that the network could be adapted for Mars and that it can be upgraded to 5G. This could be the beginning of an off-world Internet, which is similar to the one on Earth. In the future, space immigrants will be able to connect their personal devices to the network and access apps and information anywhere mankind can travel to. It seems that the world of sci-fi is becoming a reality. 12. What is the function of paragraph 1? A. To announce a new initiative by NASA. B. To show the reason for space exploration. C. To stress the importance of space network. D. To forecast the progression of space Internet. 13. What does Walt Engelund’s statement mainly address? A. The roles of technicians in space missions. B. Difficulties of setting up a moon network. C. Space equipment’s size and power requirements. D. The need for advanced lunar communication tech. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of off-world Internet? A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Positive. D. Disapproving. 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. 4G technology is going to the moon. B. 4G technology is created for exploring the moon. C. 4G technology helps people live better on the moon. D. 4G technology decides the exploration plan of the moon. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国宇航局和一家手机制造商正在致力于让4G技术登上月球，解释了其中的好处以及存在的挑战。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Texting on the moon or live streaming on Mars may be closer than you think. That’s because NASA and a cellphone manufacturer are working together to set up a 4G cellular (蜂窝状的) network on the moon. While this seems like something out of science fiction, the reality is that a rocket will be launched later in 2024 and it will carry a 4G network to the surface of the Moon.(在月球上发短信或在火星上直播可能比你想象的更近。这是因为美国宇航局和一家手机制造商正在合作在月球上建立4G蜂窝网络。虽然这看起来像是科幻小说里的东西，但现实是，2024年晚些时候将发射一枚火箭，它将携带4G网络到月球表面)”可知，第一段的主要作用是宣布NASA的一个新计划。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““The first challenge to getting a network up and running is the bad conditions of the lunar environment and having space-qualified cellular equipment that meets the appropriate size, weight, and power requirements, as well as being operated without a technician,” Walt Engelund, deputy associate administrator for programs at NASA said.( NASA负责项目的副局长沃尔特·恩格尔隆德说：“建立和运行网络的第一个挑战是月球环境的恶劣条件，以及拥有符合太空标准的蜂窝设备，满足适当的尺寸、重量和功率要求，以及在没有技术人员的情况下运行。”)”可知，沃尔特·恩格尔伦的声明主要针对的是建立月球网络的困难。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This could be the beginning of an off-world Internet, which is similar to the one on Earth. In the future, space immigrants will be able to connect their personal devices to the network and access apps and information anywhere mankind can travel to. It seems that the world of sci-fi is becoming a reality.(这可能是一个类似于地球上的外世界互联网的开端。未来，太空移民将能够将他们的个人设备连接到网络，并访问人类可以旅行到的任何地方的应用程序和信息。科幻世界似乎正在成为现实)”可知，作者对于off-world Internet的未来是充满希望的，即作者是持积极态度的。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Texting on the moon or live streaming on Mars may be closer than you think. That’s because NASA and a cellphone manufacturer are working together to set up a 4G cellular (蜂窝状的) network on the moon.(在月球上发短信或在火星上直播可能比你想象的更近。这是因为美国宇航局和一家手机制造商正在合作在月球上建立4G蜂窝网络)”结合文章主要说明了美国宇航局和一家手机制造商正在致力于让4G技术登上月球，解释了其中的好处以及存在的挑战。即这篇文章的主旨是4G技术将走向月球。故选A。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Think about the last time you felt a negative emotion — like stress, anger, or frustration. ____16____ Was your mind cluttered (凌乱) with thoughts? Or was it paralyzed, unable to think? The next time you find yourself in the middle of a very stressful time, or you feel angry or frustrated, stop. Whatever you’re doing, stop and sit for one minute. ____17____ Take the entire minute to do nothing else but feel that emotion. If you feel you need to hold on to the emotion for a little longer, that is OK. ____18____ When you feel you’ve had enough of the emotion, ask yourself if you’re willing to carry that negativity with you for the rest of the day. If not, take a deep breath. As you do that, release all that negativity with your breath. This exercise seems simple — almost too simple. ____19____ By allowing that negative emotion the space to be truly felt, you are dealing with the emotion rather than stuffing it down and trying not to feel it. ____20____ When you lose yourself in the emotion, and realize that it is only emotion, it loses its control. You can clear your head and proceed with your task. Try it. Next time you’re in the middle of a negative emotion, give yourself the space to feel the emotion and see what happens. Remember to take the time you need to really immerse yourself in the emotion. Then, when you feel you’ve felt it enough, release it — really let go of it. You will be surprised at how quickly you can move on from a negative situation and get to what you really want to do! A. Yet it is very effective. B. This will remind you of the steps to the process. C. Allow yourself another minute to feel the emotion. D. What was going through your mind as you were undergoing that negativity? E. While you’re sitting there, completely immerse yourself in the negative emotion. F. Are you willing to keep holding on to this negative emotion as you go through the rest of the day? G. You are actually taking away the power of the emotion by giving it the space and attention it needs. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. C 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了一种在遇见消极情绪的时候，人们所采用的一种面对的方法。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Think about the last time you felt a negative emotion — like stress, anger, or frustration.(想想你最近一次感受到的负面情绪，比如压力、愤怒或沮丧)”以及后文“Was your mind cluttered (凌乱) with thoughts? Or was it paralyzed, unable to think?(你的脑子里是不是满是杂念?还是它瘫痪了，无法思考？)”可知，此处讲述了感受到负面情绪时，心理的想法，所以D项“What was going through your mind as you were undergoing that negativity?(当你经历那种消极情绪时，你的脑子里在想什么？)”能够承上启下，符合文意。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据前文“Whatever you’re doing, stop and sit for one minute.(不管你在做什么，停下来坐一分钟)”以及后文“Take the entire minute to do nothing else but feel that emotion.(花整整一分钟的时间去感受那种情绪，什么也不做)”可知，此处在讲述感受到负面情绪时，坐下好好感受下，所以E项“While you’re sitting there, completely immerse yourself in the negative emotion.(当你坐在那里的时候，让自己完全沉浸在消极情绪中)”能够承上启下，符合文意。故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据前文“If you feel you need to hold on to the emotion for a little longer, that is OK.(如果你觉得你需要把这种情绪憋得更久一点，那也没关系)”以及后文“When you feel you’ve had enough of the emotion, ask yourself if you’re willing to carry that negativity with you for the rest of the day.(当你觉得自己已经受够了这种情绪时，问问自己是否愿意在今天剩下的时间里一直带着这种消极情绪)”可知，此处讲述，如果感受负面情绪时间不够，可以延长，没有关系，所以C项“Allow yourself another minute to feel the emotion.(再给自己一分钟的时间去感受那种情绪)”符合文意。故选C项。 【19题详解】 设空位于段首句之后，应是对前一句的进一步说明，根据前文“This exercise seems simple — almost too simple.(这个练习看起来很简单——几乎是太简单了)”可知，A项“Yet it is very effective.(但它非常有效)”能够承接上文，符合文意，虽然简单但是有效，是对前文的进一步说明。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据前文“By allowing that negative emotion the space to be truly felt, you are dealing with the emotion rather than stuffing it down and trying not to feel it.(通过给自己空间去真正感受消极情绪，你是在处理这种情绪，而不是把它压在心里，试图不去感受它)”以及后文“When you lose yourself in the emotion, and realize that it is only emotion, it loses its control. You can clear your head and proceed with your task. Try it. Next time you’re in the middle of a negative emotion, give yourself the space to feel the emotion and see what happens.(当你在情绪中迷失自我，并意识到它只是情绪时，它就失去了控制。你可以清理你的头脑，继续你的任务。试一试。下次当你处于消极情绪中时，给自己一些空间去感受这种情绪，看看会发生什么)”可知，此处指给负面情绪一定的空间和关注，所以G项“You are actually taking away the power of the emotion by giving it the space and attention it needs.(你实际上是在通过给予它所需的空间和关注来消除这种情绪的力量)”能够承上启下，符合文意。故选G项。 二、语言运用 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）：阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The best example of universally understood body language may be the smile. A smile can open doors and tear down walls among ____21____． I have organized and reorganized an ____22____ with the dentist for months. I also confirmed it twice and called the day before to ____23____all the paperwork would be ready for the x­rays. Then I arrived. It wasn’t ____24____at all. The lady there even had no idea what I was talking about. I ____25____ felt my blood boil. I was getting so mad. I didn’t yell at her but I may as well have because the ____26____ I was talking to her was not nice. I spoke down to her like she was a child and incapable. It was not a good moment. The whole time she smiled and was ____27____ to me. Only when everything was finally ____28____ was I nice. I sat down in the waiting area and reflected on it all. How can I make it better? How can I make up for my ____29____ behavior a moment ago? I couldn’t. I could _____30_____ her a chocolate bar I had on me, but this needed more than that. It needed an honest _____31_____ and that is exactly what I gave. I apologized for the way I had spoken to her and told her it was wrong of me. She _____32_____.Again with a smile. God help me be that woman who smiles and forgives so _____33_____. I don’t get it right every time. I can be rude and when I am, I almost _____34_____ myself for it. I am not that person, not anymore. Yet I continue to grow and continue to _____35_____. It’s true that smile vanished my anger and opened a door to understanding. 21. A. friends B. strangers C. patients D. relatives 22. A. interview B. operation C. experiment D. appointment 23. A. conclude B. approve C. ensure D. apply 24. A. crowded B. ready C. open D. busy 25. A. mildly B. roughly C. privately D. immediately 26. A. habit B. way C. accent D. tune 27. A. rude B. attached C. friendly D. devoted 28. A. figured B. added C. made D. sorted 29. A. unnecessary B. impolite C. impossible D. unfair 30. A. post B. assist C. press D. gift 31. A. comment B. promise C. apology D. suggestion 32. A. refused B. agreed C. ignored D. accepted 33. A. slowly B. easily C. frequently D. tightly 34. A. teach B. forgive C. hate D. see 35. A. expand B. react C. overcome D. learn 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者去看牙医，之前已经预约了，到了却发现牙医什么都没准备。作者很生气，但牙医却一直对作者微笑，这让作者很内疲，也让作者感受到了微笑的力量。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：微笑能打开门并且能拆除陌生人之间的墙。A. friends朋友；B. strangers陌生人；C. patients病人；D. relative亲戚。根据下文所提到的故事，此处指“微笑能打破陌生人之间的隔阂”。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个月来我反复安排了和牙医的约会。A. interview采访；B. operation手术；C. experiment实验； D. appointment约定，约会。根据后文“I also confirmed it twice and called the day before to ____3____all the paperwork would be ready for the x­rays.”可知，此处指作者要去看病，所以应该是同医生提前有预约。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在前一天打电话来确保所有的照射X光的材料都准备好。A. conclude得出结论； B. approve赞同，支持； C. ensure确保；D. apply申请，应用。根据空前“confirmed it twice”可知，作者要确认两次，所以打电话目的是确保一切准备好。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都没有准备好。A. crowded 拥挤的；B. ready 准备好的； C. open 开着的 ； D. busy忙碌的。根据后文“The lady there even had no idea what I was talking about.”可知，此处指医生根本不知道我在说什么，所以应该是一切没准备好。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我马上就感觉到怒火。A. mildly 温柔地；B. roughly 粗鲁地； C. privately 秘密地； D. immediately 立即地。根据前文“The lady there even had no idea what I was talking about.”可知，事情出乎了作者的意料，一切没准备好，因此应该是作者立即就生气了。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我并没有冲她喊叫，但是我也可能这样做了，因为我同她说话的方式并不好。A. habit 习惯；B. way 方式； C. accent 口音； D. tune 语调。根据空后“I was talking to her”可知，此处指作者是说话的方式不好。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一直都在微笑，并对我很友好。A. rude 粗鲁的；B. attached 附加的； C. friendly 友好的； D. devoted 忠诚的。根据前文“she smiled”可知，医生的态度一直很好，所以是对我很友好。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一切都整理好了我才心安。A. figured 弄明白；B. added 增加；C. made 使，让；D. sorted 分类，整理。根据前文“I also confirmed it twice and called the day before to ____3____all the paperwork would be ready for the x­rays.”可知，作者检查前，要准备好照X光的材料，所以这儿指一切都被整理好。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我怎样才能弥补刚才我不礼貌的行为？A. unnecessary 不必要的； B. impolite 不礼貌的； C. impossible 不可能的；D. unfair 不公平的。根据前文“I was talking to her was not nice”可知，作者刚才对医生的说话方式不好，所以这儿指自己不礼貌的行为。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以送给她一根我带着的巧克力棒。A. post 邮寄； B. assist 帮助； C. press 按，压；D. gift赠送。根据空后“her a chocolate bar”可知，此处指送她一根巧克力棒，故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这件事需要一个真诚的道歉。A. comment 评论；B. promise 承诺；C. apology 道歉；D. suggestion 建议。根据前文“How can I make up for my ____9____ behavior a moment ago?”可知，作者意识到要弥补自己的不礼貌行为，只有礼物是不够的，真正需要的是真诚的道歉。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她接受了。再一次面带微笑。A. refused拒绝；B. agreed同意；C. ignored忽视；D. accepted接受。根据后文“Again with a smile.”可知，医生再次微笑着接受了作者的道歉。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这件事帮助我成为了一个经常微笑，并且很容易原谅的女人。A. slowly 慢慢地； B. easily 容易地； C. frequently 频繁地；D. tightly 紧紧地。根据前文“She ____12____.Again with a smile.”可知，作者受医生的感染，也想成为像医生一样的女人，而上文说医生很容易地原谅了作者。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候我还是会很粗鲁，而当我粗鲁的时候，我很讨厌自己。A. teach 教；B. forgive 原谅；C. hate 讨厌； D. see 看见。根据前文“I can be rude and when I am”可知，此处指作者想向医生学习，成为一直微笑的女人，因此当自己做不到的时候，会对自己生气，讨厌自己。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而我会继续成长，继续学习。A. expand 扩展；B. react 反应；C. overcome 克服； D. learn 学习。根据空前的转折“yet”可知，作者提到自己还不是那样的人，然而自己会不停地成长，不停地学习。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）： 语法填空 On the old Silk Road, Dunhuang was the gateway to and from ancient China, a place ___36___ East met West, and a green island in the middle of the desert. Its long and glorious history represents its significance ___37___ a center of cultural and commercial exchange. Something really extraordinary happened in 1900, when a Taoist made one of the most important finds of the 20th century. In a sealed cave, now known as the famous Library Cave, ___38___ (be) thousands of paintings and scrolls, as well as silk embroideries(刺绣) .___39___ (date) back to 405 AD to 1002AD, these ___40___ (hide) treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade. Thanks to this ancient library, we now know that goods arrived in Dunhuang from as far away as North-east Europe, and ___41___ goods were also exported from Dunhuang across Asia and Europe. The scrolls are so detailed that they ___42___ (vivid) describe camels carrying loads of goods and traders selling everything ___43___ (imagine) , such as medicine and fruit, to name just a few. The scrolls also reveal how many different communities lived side-by-side within this great city. However, the reason why the Library Cave was unknown all those years ago ___44___ (remain) a mystery. In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang gradually faded from memory. Fortunately, this century is bringing the Silk Road once more to life through the Belt and Road Initiative to promote cultural exchange and ____45____ (strength) mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road. Today’s Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads and a world-class tourist destination boasting sites with UNESCO-protected heritage status. 【答案】36. where 37. as 38. were 39. dating 40. hidden 41. that 42. vividly 43. imaginable 44. remains 45. strengthen 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了敦煌是古代中国的门户，是东西方交汇的地方，悠久而光荣的历史代表了它作为文化和商业交流中心的重要意义。文章介绍了在敦煌发现的藏书洞是如何帮助人们了解敦煌当时作为丝绸之路贸易的中心的情况。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在古老的丝绸之路上，敦煌是古代中国的门户，是东西方交汇的地方，是沙漠中的一座绿岛。此处为定语从句修饰先行词place，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：悠久而光荣的历史代表了它作为文化和商业交流中心的重要意义。后跟名词作宾语，表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：在一个封闭的洞穴里，现在被称为著名的藏书洞，有数千幅绘画和卷轴，以及公元405年到公元1002年的丝绸刺绣，这些隐藏的宝藏让我们了解了敦煌当时是丝绸之路贸易的中心。根据上文“now known as the famous Library Cave”可知此处描述的是过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，且为完全倒装句，主语为thousands of paintings and scrolls，谓语用复数。故填were。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在一个封闭的洞穴里，现在被称为著名的藏书洞，有数千幅绘画和卷轴，以及公元405年到公元1002年的丝绸刺绣，这些隐藏的宝藏让我们了解了敦煌当时是丝绸之路贸易的中心。分析句子结构可知date在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语silk embroideries构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填dating。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在一个封闭的洞穴里，现在被称为著名的藏书洞，有数千幅绘画和卷轴，以及公元405年到公元1002年的丝绸刺绣，这些隐藏的宝藏让我们了解了敦煌当时是丝绸之路贸易的中心。修饰后文名词treasures应用形容词hidden，作定语。故填hidden。 【41题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：多亏了这座古老的图书馆，我们现在知道，货物从遥远的东北欧洲到达敦煌，货物也从敦煌出口到亚洲和欧洲。此处know后跟两个并列宾语从句，本从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，应用that引导，故填that。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些卷轴描写得非常细致，生动地描绘了骆驼驮着货物，商人们卖着你能想到的一切东西，比如药品、水果等等。修饰后文动词describe应用副词vividly，作状语。故填vividly。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些卷轴描写得非常细致，生动地描绘了骆驼驮着货物，商人们卖着你能想到的一切东西，比如药品、水果等等。结合句意，修饰不定代词everything应用形容词imaginable。故填imaginable。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：然而，为什么藏书洞这么多年不为人所知的原因仍然是一个谜。空处为主句谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为the reason，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填remains。 【45题详解】 考查动词。句意：幸运的是，本世纪通过“一带一路”倡议，丝绸之路将再次焕发生机，促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家之间的相互合作。表示“加强”应用动词strengthen，与上文to promote cultural exchange and为并列不定式。故填strengthen。 三、写作 第一节：书信写作 46. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jerry对巴黎奥运会中国代表队的表现和运动精神印象深刻，故写信给你，想请你谈一谈你最喜欢的运动员。请你写一封回信给他。 内容包括： 1. 基本信息，如姓名、运动项目等； 2. 取得的成就； 3. 对你的影响或启发。 要求：1. 写作词数应为100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： athlete 运动员 Dear Jerry, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jerry, I am very happy to receive your letter. Last time you wrote to say that you wanted to know my favorite Chinese athlete. I am very willing to share my views with you. My favorite Chinese athlete is Liu Xiang. He participated in the 110-meter hurdles Olympic event. Liu Xiang won the Olympic gold medal in 2004. At that time, I watched the game on TV and I was very excited. The Olympic spirit embodied in Liu Xiang has always inspired me. In my daily life and study, I have always taken Liu Xiang as my example. Although he later retired due to injury, he is still a hero in my heart. Liu Xiang is my favorite Chinese athlete. Do you like him? Hope to communicate with you further. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英国朋友 Jerry对巴黎奥运会中国代表队的表现和运动精神印象深刻，要求考生给Jerry写一封回信，介绍自己最喜欢的运动员。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 快乐的：happy → pleased 参加：participate in → take part in 兴奋的：excited → thrilled 激励：inspire→ motivate 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：The Olympic spirit embodied in Liu Xiang has always inspired me. 拓展句：It is the Olympic spirit embodied in Liu Xiang that has always inspired me. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Although he later retired due to injury, he is still a hero in my heart. (运用了although引导的让步状语从句) 【高分句型2】Last time you wrote to say that you wanted to know my favorite Chinese athlete. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第二节：读后续写 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Polly Goodman, 82-year-old, was a rich old woman. Her husband was a businessman and left her a large fortune after his death, so she had no problems supporting herself. The only problem was that her son who was a doctor busy with his work seldom had time to visit her, leaving her living lonely. One day, Polly was walking along the beach, like she did every evening near her seaside house, when she noticed a young boy and his little sister playing there. As she was passing by them, she heard their mother calling out to them. “Corey! Daisy! Be careful! Stay away from the water!” Polly noticed their mother resting on a bench, appearing sick and tired. The dark circles under her eyes were quite obvious, and she coughed frequently. Polly always had a desire to have a chat with someone. So she walked carefully towards the mother with a kind smile on her face. “Hi, I’m Polly. I live by the beach.” Polly said. The mother looked up at Polly, feeling a little surprised. The mother told Polly she was Lydia and had worked as a waitress. Lydia further said that she and her children had only recently moved to that location because her children had always wanted to see the ocean. Then Lydia stopped to cough heavily. After she calmed down, it seemed she wanted to say something, but stopped as if there was something difficult to tell. Polly did not follow up, saying goodbye and left. When Polly went to the beach the next day, she saw the kids again, but this time their mother wasn’t with them. She observed them playing by themselves until late in the evening before heading home. The third day came and again the two kids played at the seaside until late in the evening, still without their mother s company. Then the elder brother was about to lead the sister back home. Out of curiosity and care Polly decided to follow them to their house. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Upon arrival, the kids invited Polly inside. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Polly took the mother to the hospital her son worked in. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Upon arrival, the kids invited Polly inside. The moment Polly stepped into the house, she was shocked to see the house in a mess with toys scattered everywhere on the floor. Meanwhile, she spotted Lydia lying in the sofa, coughing heavily. Seeing Polly approaching, Lydia struggled to sit up but failed. Apparently, Lydia was seriously sick and needed immediate treatment. When asked why she didn’t go to hospital, Lydia explained she was too weak to drive. Out of sympathy, Polly offered to drive her to the hospital. Polly took the mother to the hospital her son worked in. Having learned about the situation through the phone called by Polly, her son helped contact doctors. After a careful medical check, Lydia was told she had to stay in hospital for days, which worried her a lot, for her kids were too young to stay at home alone. Polly comforted her that she would take care of the kids. Hearing that, Lydia was so deeply moved that she could say nothing. She hugged Polly tightly to express her sincere gratitude. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了一位丧偶的富有老太太——82岁的Polly Goodman，一天在海边散步时，发现了一对在海边玩耍的兄妹和坐在一边、满脸病容的母亲Lydia，主动聊天后，Polly与Lydiai相结识；之后的两天，Polly因在海滩上遇到两兄妹独自玩耍，而跟随孩子去家中查看，从而发现了病重的Lydia，Polly及时送Lydia去了自己儿子工作的医院，并主动照看两个孩子，得到了Lydia的深深的感激。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“刚一到家，孩子们就邀请Polly进屋。”可知，第一段可描写Polly进屋后看到的场景，发现Lydia病重并主动提供帮助。 ②由第二段首句内容“Polly带这个母亲去了她儿子工作的医院。”可知，第二段可描写Polly和儿子帮助Lydia治疗疾病，并照看孩子。 2. 续写线索：到Lydia家——屋中杂乱——Lydia病重——送医院——诊断、要求住院——Polly提出照看孩子——感动、感激 3.词汇激活： 行为类： ①发现：spot/find ②打电话：call/ring ③照顾：take care of/look after ④拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类： ①吃惊的、震惊的：shocked/astonished ②表示感谢：express her gratitude/show her appreciation 【点睛】【高分句型1】When asked why she didn’t go to hospital, Lydia explained she was too weak to drive. (运用了以when引导的时间状语从句的省略句和以连接词why引导的宾语从句，及省略了连接词that的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】After a careful medical check, Lydia was told she had to stay in hospital for days, which worried her a lot, for her kids were too young to stay at home alone. (运用了省略了连接词that的宾语从句和以关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $