Unit 2 基础练习-2024-2025学年人教版八年级下册

Unit 2 基础练习 一、根据句子意思提示或首字母写单词 1. The old man lived a________ after his wife died. He felt very lonely. 2. My younger sister looks very sad. Let’s go and c___________ her up. 3. My uncle has a large house and he is the o___________ of the house. 4. My uncle has a large house and he is the o___________ of the house. 5. They held a concert to r_____________ money for Project Hope. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.We can't put off________(make) a plan. 2.Thank you for ________ (invite) me to your party. 3. He smiled in ______________(satisfied) when he won the game. 4. The players are in ______________(train) for the next flight. 5. Everybody felt __________(excite) when they heard of the good news.三、单项选择 1．—I have _______ red ink．Can you lend me some? —Sure．Here you are． A．paid for B．come up with C．cleaned up D．run out of 2．This big bag is too heavy for the little boy _______．Who volunteers to help him? A．carries B．carrying C．carried D．to carry 3．It’s too late for school．I don’t know _______． A．what to do that B．how to do C．what to do D．how to do it 4.The old man lives ________, but he doesn't feel ________. A. alone; alone B. lonely; lonely C. alone; lonely D. lonely; alone 5.They need to come up with a plan to help the poor. The underlined phrase means “________”. A. think up B. put up C. set up D. give up 6. —Can you go to see the French movie Good Mother with me this Sunday? —Sorry, I can't. This Sunday is quite _______ for me. A. free   B. full    C. easy   D. difficult 7. －Do you think eating too much food is ________ us? 　－I don’t think so. We should do some exercise, I think. A. good for 　 B. good to 　 C. bad for 　 D. bad to 8. －Why did you sleep so late yesterday? 　 －Because I wanted ________ today’s math test. 　A. study 　 B. study for 　 C. to study 　 D. to study for 9．— Natalia Partyka has just beaten Li Jiawei! — It’s hard to _______ a girl with only one arm can play ping-pong so well． A．imagine B．realize C．know D．find 10．My grandparents’ clock doesn’t work．I’m trying to find a repairman who can _______ for them． A．fix it up B．fix up it C．put up it D．put it up 四、句型转换 1.They set up a new school in the village last year.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） —________ they________ up a new school in the village last year? —Yes, they________. 2.We should help the people in need.（改为祈使句） ________ ________ the people in need. 3.He is so tired that he can't walk.（改为简单句） He is________ tired________ walk. 4.The boy is too young to go to school.（改为同义句） The boy is________ young________ he can't go to school. 5.She volunteers to help the old people.（对划线部分提问） ________ does she volunteer________ ________? 五、阅读理解 Li Ruyan, 13 and his classmates in Shanghai did something special last summer. They worked in groups with traffic police at different crossroads in the city. Holding small red flags, the students helped keep order and stopped people from jaywalking(乱穿马路). As part of the school project, Li’s school has encouraged its students to do more community(社区)work. After the half day of exhausting work Li told himself not to jaywalk anymore. “I think through community work we get to help others and, more importantly, we grow a sense of responsibility(责任感),” he said. Community service is an important part of education for teenagers around the world. In the US and Canada, high school students need to finish 40 hours of community service before graduation. For those Americans who have finished 1,400 hours of community work, they can be awarded nearly $ 5, 000(33, 000 yuan). Chinese students today do more community work, too. For example, starting from 2010, Sichuan high school students have been asked to do 10 days of community work. It will become part of their school grade. Qian Lijun, 16, and her classmates in Suzhou, Jiangsu went to a local elder care home this winter. They put Spring Festival couplets (对联) on the walls and cheered up the people living there. Li Xiaotian, 15, of Anshan said he used to clear flyers (小广告) from telephone poles (电线杆) with his classmates. They brought tools, towels and buckets and worked for three hours under the summer sun. “It was tiring, but seeing the clean poles without ugly ads — we really felt proud,” he said. 1. What was the special thing Li Ruyan did last summer? A. He joined a special group of Class13. B. He became a policeman. C. He helped the traffic police at a crossroad. D. He stopped people from talking. 2. From this passage we know that _______. A. Li Ruyan’s school is in the middle of a big city. B. Li Ruyan and his classmates do some community work every day. C. Ruyan and his classmates often hold small flags when they cross the roads. D. Ruyan and his classmates think it is good for them to do some community work. 3. Community service ______ A. has become a very important part of education only in China. B. is very important in school education in some foreign countries. C. is the only part of the school project for teenagers around the world. D. needs students to finish at least 1,000 hours of community work. 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The students in Shanghai helped people to keep the traffic rules. B. The students in Suzhou visited the old people’s home. C. The students in Anshan cleaned the walls under the summer sun. D. The students in Sichuan sent Spring Festival couplets to the old people. 5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Community service helps students grow a sense of responsibility. B. Through community work students get to help others and learn something. C. Students are now encouraged to do more community work in many school in China. D. Students will be awarded much money for doing more community work in Canada and the US. 一、根据句子意思提示或首字母写单词 1. alone：从 “He felt very lonely.” 可知，妻子去世后老人独自生活，“alone” 表示 “独自地”，强调客观上独自一人。 2. cheer：妹妹看起来难过，所以要去让她高兴起来，“cheer sb. up” 表示 “使某人高兴起来”。 3. owner：叔叔有一所大房子，他是房子的所有者，“owner” 表示 “所有者，主人”。 4. owner：同第 3 题解析。 5. raise：举办音乐会是为希望工程筹集资金，“raise money” 表示 “筹集资金”。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. making：“put off doing sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “推迟做某事”，所以用 “make” 的 -ing 形式 “making”。 2. inviting：“Thank you for doing sth.” 表示 “感谢你做某事”，“for” 是介词，后接动词 -ing 形式，“invite” 的 -ing 形式是 “inviting”。 3. satisfaction：“in satisfaction” 表示 “满意地”，“satisfaction” 是 “satisfied” 的名词形式。 4. training：“in training” 表示 “在训练中”，“training” 是 “train” 的名词形式。 5. excited：“feel” 是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“excited” 表示 “兴奋的”，修饰人，这里表示每个人听到好消息都感到兴奋。 三、单项选择 1. D： · A 选项 “paid for” 意为 “为…… 付款”。 · B 选项 “come up with” 意为 “想出”。 · C 选项 “cleaned up” 意为 “打扫干净”。 · D 选项 “run out of” 意为 “用完，耗尽”。根据 “Can you lend me some?” 可知 “我” 的红墨水用完了，所以选 D。 2. D：“too... to...” 是固定结构，意为 “太…… 而不能……”，“for the little boy to carry” 是动词不定式的复合结构，作状语，所以选 D。 3. C： · “what to do” 表示 “做什么”，“what” 作 “do” 的宾语。 · “how to do it” 表示 “如何做这件事”，“how” 是方式状语，“it” 作 “do” 的宾语。此句意思是上学太晚了，不知道该做什么，所以选 C。 4. C： · “alone” 强调独自一人，既可以作形容词也可以作副词；“lonely” 强调内心孤独，是形容词。 · 第一个空修饰动词 “lives”，用副词 “alone”；第二个空 feel 是系动词，后接形容词 “lonely” 作表语，所以选 C。 5. A： · “come up with” 意为 “想出”。 · A 选项 “think up” 意为 “想出”，与 “come up with” 意思相近。 · B 选项 “put up” 意为 “张贴；搭建”。 · C 选项 “set up” 意为 “建立”。 · D 选项 “give up” 意为 “放弃”。所以选 A。 6. B：根据 “Sorry, I can't.” 可知周日很忙，没空去看电影。 · A 选项 “free” 意为 “空闲的”。 · B 选项 “full” 意为 “满的；忙碌的”。 · C 选项 “easy” 意为 “容易的”。 · D 选项 “difficult” 意为 “困难的”。所以选 B。 7. C：根据答语 “We should do some exercise” 可知是问吃太多食物对我们是否有害。 · “be good for” 意为 “对…… 有好处”。 · “be good to” 意为 “对…… 友好”。 · “be bad for” 意为 “对…… 有害”。 · “be bad to” 意为 “对…… 不好”。所以选 C。 8. D：“want to do sth.” 表示 “想要做某事”，“study for...” 表示 “为…… 学习”，这里是为今天的数学考试学习，所以选 D。 9. A： · A 选项 “imagine” 意为 “想象”。 · B 选项 “realize” 意为 “意识到”。 · C 选项 “know” 意为 “知道”。 · D 选项 “find” 意为 “找到”。根据语境，很难想象只有一只手臂的女孩乒乓球能打得这么好，所以选 A。 10. A： · “fix up” 意为 “修理”，“put up” 意为 “张贴；搭建”，这里是找修理工修理钟表，用 “fix up”。 · 当宾语是代词时，要放在 “fix” 和 “up” 中间，所以是 “fix it up”，选 A。 四、句型转换 1. Did; set; did：原句是一般过去时，变一般疑问句要借助助动词 “Did”，动词 “set” 还原成原形，肯定回答用 “Yes, they did.”。 2. Let's help：祈使句以动词原形开头，“Let's + 动词原形” 表示 “让我们……”，所以是 “Let's help”。 3. too; to：“so... that...” 引导结果状语从句，“太…… 以至于……”，可以转换为 “too... to...” 结构，“太…… 而不能……”，所以是 “He is too tired to walk.”。 4. so; that：“too... to...” 可以转换为 “so + 形容词 + that + 从句”，“The boy is so young that he can't go to school.”。 5. What; to do：对 “to help the old people” 提问，问她自愿做什么，用 “What”，“volunteer to do sth.” 结构不变，所以是 “What does she volunteer to do?”。 五、阅读理解 1. C：根据 “They worked in groups with traffic police at different crossroads in the city.” 可知 Li Ruyan 去年夏天在十字路口帮助交警，所以选 C。 2. D：从 “I think through community work we get to help others and, more importantly, we grow a sense of responsibility (责任感)” 可知，Li Ruyan 和他的同学们认为做社区工作对他们有好处，所以选 D。 3. B：根据 “Community service is an important part of education for teenagers around the world.” 以及提到美国和加拿大高中生需要完成社区服务可知，社区服务在一些国外的学校教育中很重要，所以选 B。 4. D：文中提到四川高中生被要求做 10 天社区工作，但未提及给老人送春联，所以 D 选项错误。而 A 选项上海学生帮助维持交通秩序，B 选项苏州学生去养老院，C 选项鞍山学生清理电线杆上的小广告都在文中有提及，所以选 D。 5. D：文中提到在美国完成 1400 小时社区工作可获近 5000 美元奖励，但未提及加拿大有类似奖励，且不是做更多社区工作就会奖励很多钱，所以 D 选项错误。A、B、C 选项在文中均能找到依据，所以选 D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$