UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES 单元检测卷(word练习)-【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步练测（人教版2019）

[对应素能提升训练第62页] (本卷满分120分　考试用时90分钟) 第一部分　阅读(共两节， 满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (北京卷)Franz Boas's description of Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the probable moral code of early humans. Here, norms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understood and taken to heart. Dishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. Conflict was often resolved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads to chaos, it was strongly discouraged. With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuit's practical approach to morality made good sense. The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking, even though the relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group's history and environment. Typically, cruelty and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised. These universal norms far pre­date the concept of any moralising religion or written law. Instead, they are rooted in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving. Our social instincts (本能) include the intense desire to belong. The approval of others is rewarding, while their disapproval is strongly disliked. These social emotions prepare our brains to shape our behaviour according to the norms and values of our family and our community. More generally, social instincts motivate us to learn how to behave in a socially complex world. The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to develop habits important for self­care. Our brains use the system to acquire behavioural patterns regarding safe routes home, efficient food gathering and dangers to avoid. Good habits save time, energy and sometimes your life. Good social habits do something similar in a social context. We learn to tell the truth, even when lying is self­serving; we help a grandparent even when it is inconvenient. We acquire what we call a sense of right and wrong. Social benefits are accompanied by social demands: we must get along, but not put up with too much. Hence self­discipline is advantageous. In humans, a greatly enlarged brain boosts self­control, just as it boosts problem­solving skills in the social as well as the physical world. These abilities are strengthened by our capacity for language, which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways. [语篇导读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕人类道德规范的起源进行讨论，介绍了早期人类道德准则的形成过程及其如何根植于人类基本需求及共同的社会学习和问题解决机制中。 1．What can be inferred about the forming of the Inuit's moral code? A．Living conditions were the drive. B．Unwritten rules were the target. C．Social tradition was the basis. D．Honesty was the key. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“Here, norms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understood and taken to heart. Dishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. Conflict was often resolved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads to chaos, it was strongly discouraged. With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuit's practical approach to morality made good sense. (在这里，规范是不成文的，很少明确表达，但被很好地理解和铭记。不赞成不诚实和暴力行为；领导、婚姻以及与其他群体的互动都受到传统的松散控制。冲突往往通过音乐斗争来解决。因为愤怒的争论会导致混乱，所以强烈反对。在无情的加拿大北部，生活的要求如此之高，因纽特人对待道德的务实态度很有道理。)”可知，因纽特人的生活中，规范是不成文的，因纽特人的道德准则的形成是以社会传统为基础的。故选C。 答案　C 2．What can we learn from this passage? A．Inconveniences are the cause of telling lies. B．Basic human needs lead to universal norms. C．Language capacity is limited by self­control. D．Written laws have great influence on virtues. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“These universal norms far pre­date the concept of any moralising religion or written law. Instead, they are rooted in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving.(这些普遍规范远远早于任何道德化宗教或成文法律的概念。相反，它们植根于人类基本需求的相似性以及我们学习和解决问题的共同机制。)”可知，普遍的道德规范植根于人类基本需求的相似性以及我们学习和解决问题的共同机制，即人类的基本需求导致普遍的道德规范形成。故选B。 答案　B 3．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．Virtues: Bridges Across Cultures B．The Values of Self­discipline C．Brains: Walls Against Chaos D．The Roots of Morality 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段“Franz Boas's description of Inuit(因纽特人)life in the 19th century illustrates the probable moral code of early humans.(弗朗兹·博厄斯对19世纪因纽特人生活的描述说明了早期人类可能的道德准则。)”以及文章内容可知，“道德的起源”适合作为文章标题。故选D。 答案　D B (成都高一期末)Ho Fengshan, the Chinese Consul General in Vienna from 1938 to 1940, was recently recognized for his courageous actions during the race murder(屠杀). He received the Lyndon Baines Johnson Moral Courage Award at the annual dinner of the Holocaust Museum Houston on April 30th. During his time as Consul General, Ho issued thousands of visas to Jewish refugees, allowing them to escape the fate of concentration camps. His efforts resulted in approximately 18，000 Jewish refugees finding shelter in Shanghai between 1938 and 1940. Ho's daughter, Ho Manli, accepted the award on behalf of her late father. She spoke about how proud she was of her father's bravery and how important it is to remember his actions during such a dark period in history. Lotte Marcus, a Jewish refugee whose family obtained visas from the Chinese Consulate, told her story by video. Her family escaped to Shanghai and she spent more than seven years there before heading to the US. “14 people of our family who did not leave were all killed，” said Marcus, who called Ho “the bright light in the darkness of the race murder”. The recognition of Ho Fengshan serves as a reminder of the importance of moral courage and standing up for what is right, even in the face of danger. It also highlights the role that individuals can play in making a positive impact on the world. The Holocaust Museum Houston's decision to honor Ho Fengshan is significant, as it brings attention to the often­forgotten stories of those who risked their lives to save others during the race murder. It is through the recognition of these individuals that we can continue to learn from the past and seek for a better future. Overall, the story of Ho Fengshan is one of bravery, compassion, and humanity. It is a reminder that even in the darkest of times, there are those who are willing to stand up and make a difference. [语篇导读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。何凤山， 1938年至1940年期间的中国驻维也纳总领事， 最近因其在种族屠杀中的勇敢行为而受到表彰。4月30日， 在休斯敦大屠杀博物馆的年度晚宴上， 他获得了林登·贝恩斯·约翰逊道德勇气奖。 4．What did Ho Fengshan do during his time in Vienna? A．He issued thousands of visas to Jewish refugees. B．He tried to help the Chinese refugees. C．He worked in a concentration camp. D．He helped her daughter escape. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“During his time as Consul General, Ho issued thousands of visas to Jewish refugees, allowing them to escape the fate of concentration camps.(在他担任总领事期间， 何凤山向犹太难民签发了数千份签证， 使他们得以逃脱集中营的命运。)”可知， 何凤山在维也纳期间向犹太难民发放了数千份签证。故选A。 答案　A 5．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．A family escaped to Shanghai. B．A family obtained visas for the US. C．A family was saved by Ho Fengshan. D．14 people of Marcus' family were killed. 解析　主旨大意题。根据第四段“Lotte Marcus, a Jewish refugee whose family obtained visas from the Chinese Consulate, told her story by video.(洛特·马库斯是一名犹太难民， 她的家人从中国领事馆获得了签证， 她通过视频讲述了自己的故事。)”可知， 第四段主要是讲犹太难民洛特·马库斯和她的家人被何凤山拯救的故事。故选C。 答案　C 6．What does the recognition of Ho Fengshan serve as a reminder of? A．Standing up for what is right. B．Staying out of conflicts. C．Bringing attention. D．Taking pride. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段“It is a reminder that even in the darkest of times, there are those who are willing to stand up and make a difference.(它提醒我们， 即使在最黑暗的时代， 也有人愿意站起来， 有所作为。)”可知， 对何凤山的认可提醒了我们要为正义挺身而出。故选A。 答案　A 7．What can we learn from the recognition of individuals like Ho Fengshan? A．Forgetting about the past and focus on the present. B．Honoring individuals directly affected by the race murder. C．Learning from the past and struggle for a better future. D．Forgiving individuals risking their lives to save others. 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It is through the recognition of these individuals that we can continue to learn from the past and seek for a better future.(正是通过对这些人的认可， 我们才能继续从过去吸取教训， 寻求更美好的未来。)”可知， 我们可以从何凤山这样的个人的认可中学到以史为鉴， 为更光明的未来而奋斗。故选C。 答案　C C (招远高一检测)Sushila, who lives in Basti, a village in western India, has been a symbol of hope thanks to her continuous efforts in education. Twenty years ago, Sushila noticed that there was no Anganwadi(印度贫困地区教育中心)in her neighborhood. As a strong believer in education, she decided to open one in Basti. However, no one was willing to help her, and there was very little government support. So, she started an Anganwadi in her home, where she taught for two years.Later, the Anganwadi moved to a temple. “Initially, children would not come to the Anganwadi because their parents would take them to the fields，” said Sushila.However, she refused to let this bring her down and kept making door­to­door visits to encourage the villagers and get them on board.Slowly, the villagers warmed up to the idea and began to send their children to the Anganwadi. Sushila started the Anganwadi in 1991 and continued it till 2002.In the 11 years, she helped more than 250 children learn the basics of education for free! “The kids' families were too poor to pay for education.Sometimes the parents would give me food grains, but I never expected any money, ” she said. Then the Anganwadi was turned into a government school—Balwadi Vidya Mandir—in 2003—2004. Sushila is also an untraditional woman.She married Baburao, an agricultural laborer who had two sons from his previous marriage.And she completely turned his life around.Being poor, Baburao had to drop out of school in Grade 2.“I always wanted my children to get education and live a life different from mine, so we sent all of them to school, ” said Baburao.“Today, everybody in the village wonders how the children of a laborer are so educated.My elder son is a teacher while the younger one is a policeman.And the child of Sushila and me is a professor of Geography.” [语篇导读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了住在印度巴斯蒂的Sushila通过建立印度贫困地区教育中心在11年间帮助了250多个孩子免费学习基础教育， 由于她在教育上的不懈努力， 她已经成为希望的象征。 8．Why didn't the children in Basti go to Anganwadi before 1991? A．The children were unwilling to go to school. B．The government hadn't set up enough Anganwadis. C．Their parents didn't realize the importance of education. D．Their poor family couldn't afford the high Anganwadi fees. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段“ ‘Initially, children would not come to the Anganwadi because their parents would take them to the fields, ’ said Sushila.(苏希拉说：‘最初， 孩子们不来印度贫困地区教育中心， 因为他们的父母会带他们到地里去。’)”可知， 巴斯蒂的孩子们在1991年以前没有去过印度贫困地区教育中心是因为他们的父母没有意识到教育的重要性。故选C。 答案　C 9．What does the underlined phrase “warmed up to” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Started to accept. B．Came up with. C．Kept a distance from. D．Made an impact on. 解析　词义猜测题。根据上文“However, she refused to let this bring her down and kept making door­to­door visits to encourage the villagers and get them on board.(然而， 她拒绝让自己失望， 不断挨家挨户拜访， 鼓励村民， 让他们上车。)”可知， 画线词所在句子意为“慢慢地， 村民们接受了这个想法， 开始把他们的孩子送到印度贫困地区教育中心”， 由此可知， warmed up to意为“开始接受”。故选A。 答案　A 10．What does Baburao imply by his words in the last paragraph? A．He regrets not having an opportunity to get educated. B．Education has enabled their children to live a better life. C．He's proud that all their children can earn a lot of money. D．His wife succeeded in teaching their children on her own. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“ ‘I always wanted my children to get education and live a life different from mine, so we sent all of them to school, ’ said Baburao.‘Today, everybody in the village wonders how the children of a laborer are so educated.My elder son is a teacher while the younger one is a policeman.And the child of Sushila and me is a professor of Geography.’(巴伯劳说：‘我一直希望我的孩子接受教育， 过上和我不同的生活， 所以我们把他们都送去上学。’‘今天， 村里的每个人都想知道， 一个工人的孩子是如何受到如此良好的教育的。我的大儿子是一名教师， 小儿子是一名警察， 我和苏希拉的孩子是一名地理教授。’)”可知， Baburao说的话暗示了教育让他们的孩子过上了更好的生活。故选B。 答案　B 11．What does the author think of Sushila's work? A．Respectable.　　　　 B．Effortless. C．Complicated. D．Competitive. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“Sushila, who lives in Basti, a village in western India, has been a symbol of hope thanks to her continuous efforts in education.(Sushila住在印度西部的巴斯蒂村， 由于她在教育上的不懈努力， 她已经成为希望的象征。)”可知， 她在改变贫困地区孩子的教育问题上做出了贡献， 由此可推知， 作者认为她的工作是值得尊敬的。故选A。 答案　A D (北京高一期末)Sportsmanship is the cornerstone of competitive sports, representing the principles of fair play, respect and honesty. It goes beyond winning and losing, emphasizing the importance of moral behavior, respecting each other, and fellowship. At the heart of sportsmanship lies the concept of fair play. It fosters(培养)a culture of rule­following, fair judgment, and equal opportunities for all participants. Fair play encourages athletes to compete with integrity, showing honesty and accepting the outcomes gracefully. It fosters an environment where cheating, unsportsmanlike and rude behavior are discouraged. By upholding fair play, athletes develop a sense of morality(道德)and a strong character that extends beyond the field of sports. Sportsmanship also includes respect and empathy(共情), creating an environment that encourages understanding and camaraderie. Athletes show respect for opponents, officials, and teammates, recognizing their contributions and valuing their abilities. They appreciate the various backgrounds, skills and perspectives that athletes from different teams bring to the game. Through respect and empathy, sportsmanship bridges gaps, promotes inclusivity and fosters a sense of unity among athletes and fans alike. Sportsmanship is shown by athletes who act as role models, inspiring others with their conduct on and off the field. When athletes display sportsmanship, they send a powerful message to young fans, teaching them the importance of fair play, respect and moral behavior. This positive influence extends to society as a whole, where sportsmanship can shape attitudes, values and behaviors beyond the field of sports. By upholding the principles of sportsmanship, athletes contribute to a healthier, more caring society. Sports organizations, coaches and educators play an important role in promoting sportsmanship. They should foster an environment that encourages fair play, respect and honesty. Emphasizing sportsmanship in training programs and competitions helps athletes develop a strong moral compass, empowering them to make moral choices both in sports and in life. Furthermore, fans and audience should also welcome sportsmanship, creating a positive atmosphere that encourages fair competition and respect for all participants. Sportsmanship is the bedrock of competitive sports, emphasizing the values of fair play and respect. It improves the sporting experience, fosters unity and shapes athletes into responsible and caring individuals. By promoting sportsmanship, we can create a sporting culture where victories are celebrated but fairness, respect and the spirit of the game take center stage. [语篇导读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了体育精神的内涵， 它代表着公平竞争、尊重和诚实的原则。它超越了输赢， 强调了道德行为、相互尊重和友谊的重要性。 12．What does the underlined word “camaraderie” mean in paragraph 3? A．Friendship. B．Leadership. C．Contribution. D．Competition. 解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段“Athletes show respect for opponents, officials, and teammates, recognizing their contributions and valuing their abilities. They appreciate the various backgrounds, skills and perspectives that athletes from different teams bring to the game.(运动员尊重对手、官员和队友， 认可他们的贡献并重视他们的能力。他们欣赏来自不同团队的运动员为比赛带来的各种背景、技能和视角。)”可知， 运动精神使运动员们互相尊重， 互相欣赏， 这些志同道合的人可以互相理解， 并增进友谊。故选A。 答案　A 13．What are paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about? A．How sportsmanship is understood. B．Why sportsmanship is stressed. C．When sportsmanship is shaped. D．Where sportsmanship is treasured. 解析　主旨大意题。根据第二段“At the heart of sportsmanship lies the concept of fair play.(体育精神的核心是公平竞赛的概念。)”和第三段“Sportsmanship also includes respect and empathy, creating an environment that encourages understanding and camaraderie.(体育精神还包括尊重和同理心， 创造一个鼓励理解和增进友谊的环境。)”可知， 这两段主要关于人们如何理解运动精神。故选A。 答案　A 14．What can be learned from paragraph 5? A．Athletes should be trained to make moral choices. B．Audience could influence athletes' performance in sports. C．Promoting sportsmanship requires everyone's contribution. D．Officials should take a lead in creating a positive atmosphere. 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段“Sports organizations, coaches and educators play an important role in promoting sportsmanship.(体育组织、教练和教育工作者在提升体育精神方面发挥着重要作用。)”及“Furthermore, fans and audience should also welcome sportsmanship, creating a positive atmosphere that encourages fair competition and respect for all participants.(此外， 球迷和观众也应该欢迎体育精神， 营造一种鼓励公平竞争和尊重所有参与者的积极氛围。)”可知， 提倡体育精神需要每个人的贡献。故选C。 答案　C 15．What is the best title for this passage? A．Sportsmanship: Advantages of Doing Sports B．Sportsmanship: Spirit of Fair Play and Respect C．Showing Sportsmanship: Qualities of a Good Player D．Teaching Sportsmanship: Values of Honesty and Courage 解析　最佳标题题。根据第一段“Sportsmanship is the cornerstone of competitive sports, representing the principles of fair play, respect and honesty. It goes beyond winning and losing, emphasizing the importance of moral behavior, respecting each other, and fellowship.(体育精神是竞技体育的基石， 代表着公平竞争、尊重和诚实的原则。它超越了输赢， 强调了道德行为、相互尊重和友谊的重要性。)”可知， 文章主要介绍的是体育精神的内涵， B项“体育精神：公平竞争和尊重的精神”适合作为文章的标题。故选B。 答案　B 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (苏州高一期中)Do we need to be perfect to feel good about ourselves? The answer is “No”． 16 What we need, instead, is to have a sense of ourselves as generally worthwhile. Self­affirmation (自我肯定) theory emphasizes the importance of remembering our good points. 17 If you think only about your bad singing, you may feel that you are silly and that nobody could really be interested in you.You can say, “Well, I can't sing, but never mind, I'm good at other things.” 18 A study found that people who had done poorly on a maths test would usually be discouraged and perform equally badly a second time.However, when reminded of what they loved in a word search task in between the two tests, they got over their first failure and performed the second maths test much better.In other words, just thinking of something they felt good about enabled people to show more skill at a less comfortable task. 19 This is an exercise to do every night before you go to sleep. 1．Think of three good things that happened today.These things don't need to be major；they could be as simple as “ I had a nice lunch” Just as long as you enjoyed them. 2．Write them down. 3． 20 You can find your own explanations, be it “The world is a beautiful place” or “I planned my day very smartly.” The point is to let your brain experience the pleasure of following positive cause and effect. A．Try these three good things. B．Self­affirmation can have surprisingly wide­ranging effects. C．We tend to spend a lot of time reflecting on how to fix ourselves. D．There are always things we can't do or qualities we lack. E．People who feel good about themselves are happier in relationships. F．Reflect on why they happened. G．Suppose you have a terrible singing voice. [语篇导读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我肯定的重要性及方法。 16．解析　根据前文“Do we need to be perfect to feel good about ourselves? The answer is ‘No’．(我们需要完美才能自我感觉良好吗？答案是否定的。)”和后句“What we need, instead, is to have a sense of ourselves as generally worthwhile.(相反， 我们需要的是有一种自我价值感。)”可知， 我们在不断地完善自己。所以选项C“We tend to spend a lot of time reflecting on how to fix ourselves.(我们往往会花很多时间思考如何修复自己。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。 答案　C 17．解析　根据后文“If you think only about your bad singing, you may feel that you are silly and that nobody could really be interested in you.You can say, ‘Well, I can't sing, but never mind, I'm good at other things.’(如果你只想到自己唱歌不好， 你可能会觉得自己很傻， 没有人会对你真正感兴趣。你可以说， ‘嗯， 我不会唱歌， 但没关系， 我擅长其他事情。’)”可知， 这里为假设你的嗓音不好。所以选项G“Suppose you have a terrible singing voice.(假设你的嗓音很糟糕。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。 答案　G 18．解析　根据后文“In other words, just thinking of something they felt good about enabled people to show more skill at a less comfortable task.(换句话说， 仅仅想想自己感觉好的事情就能让人们在不太舒服的任务中表现出更多的技能。)”及所举的例子可知， 自我肯定具有很重要的作用。所以选项B“Self­affirmation can have surprisingly wide­ranging effects.(自我肯定会有令人惊讶的广泛影响。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。 答案　B 19．解析　根据后句“This is an exercise to do every night before you go to sleep.(这是每晚睡觉前要做的练习。)”及下文可知， 做到自我肯定可以试试三件好的事情。所以选项A“Try these three good things (试试这三件好事。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。 答案　A 20．解析　根据后句“You can find your own explanations, be it ‘The world is a beautiful place’ or ‘I planned my day very smartly.’ (可能是‘这个世界是一个美丽的地方’， 也可能是‘我把一天安排得很巧妙。’)”可知， 要找到这三件事是好事情的原因。所以选项F“Reflect on why they happened.(反思它们发生的原因。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。 答案　F 第二部分　语言运用(共两节， 满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题1分， 满分15分) 阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (镇江高一期末)Eddie McCarthy was watching the local TV news when he suddenly saw a 21 face on the screen: Roman, one of his high school math students. His parents were 22 looking for a live kidney(肾)donor for him. McCarthy decided he would get a blood test to see if he might be a 23 match. Roman's kidneys were failing, and he would likely have to wait three to five years for a donor kidney, 24 more than 92，000 people were on the waiting list. Roman's mother said, “Every birthday was bittersweet, knowing that Roman was getting closer to 25 a kidney transplant(移植).” His parents began an all­out 26 for a living donor two years ago. Then in February, their 27 came after McCarthy saw them on the local news. McCarthy got a blood test at a local clinic and 28 that his blood type was O positive like Roman's. He soon did more tests. At the end of June, he 29 news that he would be a great donor match for Roman. When the hospital 30 in June that the operation would be performed, Roman's parents began to shed tears. Roman's transplant went smoothly, and he was pretty much back to being a 31 15­year­old kid. His parents' friends 32 a GoFundMe account for him to help pay the expense. “Everyone in our family will forever be 33 for what the donor did，” Roman's mother said. “We hope that his 34 will give hope to others who are 35 what we did, and that they'll also find donors.” [语篇导读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了艾迪·麦卡锡从新闻上得知自己的学生罗曼正在寻找肾脏捐赠者， 经过检测后麦卡锡得知自己是罗曼的最佳匹配者， 于是为罗曼移植了自己的肾脏。 21．A．familiar B．precious C．common D．different 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意：艾迪·麦卡锡正在看当地的电视新闻， 突然在屏幕上看到一个熟悉的面孔：罗曼， 他的一个高中数学学生。A．familiar(熟悉的)；B．precious(宝贵的)；C．common(普通的)；D．different(不同的)。根据“Roman, one of his high school math students”可知， 罗曼是他的学生， 所以是熟悉的面孔。故选A。 答案　A 22．A．comfortably B．happily C．anxiously D．secretly 解析　考查副词辨析。句意：他的父母焦急地为他寻找活体肾脏捐献者。A．comfortably(舒服地)；B．happily(快乐地)；C．anxiously(焦急地)；D．secretly(秘密地)。“looking for a live kidney donor for him”以及上文说明正在焦急寻找活体肾脏捐献者。故选C。 答案　C 23．A．strange B．potential C．regular D．original 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意：麦卡锡决定去验血， 看看自己是否是潜在的匹配者。A．strange(奇怪的)；B．potential(潜在的)；C．regular(定期的)；D．original(最初的)。根据“McCarthy decided he would get a blood test to see if he might be a”可知， 去验血是为了看自己是否是潜在的匹配者。故选B。 答案　B 24．A．if B．until C．because D．although 解析　考查连词辨析。句意：罗曼的肾脏正在衰竭， 他可能要等上三到五年才能找到一个捐赠的肾脏， 因为有超过92000人在等待名单上。A．if(如果)；B．until(直到)；C．because(因为)；D．although(虽然)。引导原因状语从句， 表示“因为”应用because。故选C。 答案　C 25．A．admitting B．needing C．improving D．balancing 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：罗曼的母亲说：“每个生日都是苦乐参半， 知道罗曼离需要肾脏移植越来越近了。”A．admitting(承认)；B．needing(需要)；C．improving(改善)；D．balancing(平衡)。根据“a kidney transplant.”以及上文寻找活体肾脏捐献者可知， 每过一个生日， 罗曼离需要肾脏移植越来越近了。故选B。 答案　B 26．A．search B．responsibility C．suggestion D．excuse 解析　考查名词辨析。句意：两年前， 他的父母开始全力寻找活体捐赠者。A．search(搜索， 寻找)；B．responsibility(责任)；C．suggestion(建议)；D．excuse(借口)。“for a living donor two years ago”指他的父母全力寻找捐献者， search for表示“寻找”。故选A。 答案　A 27．A．competition B．challenge C．pride D．luck 解析　考查名词辨析。句意：2月， 麦卡锡在当地新闻上看到了他们， 他们的运气来了。A．competition(比赛)；B．challenge(挑战)；C．pride(骄傲)；D．luck(运气)。根据后文可知， 麦卡斯做血液检查， 发现血型匹配， 最终给罗曼移植了肾脏， 他们的运气来了。故选D。 答案　D 28．A．remembered B．commented C．learned D．imagined 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：麦卡锡在当地一家诊所做了血液检查， 得知他的血型和罗曼一样是O型阳性。A．remembered(记得)；B．commented(评论)；C．learned(了解， 得知)；D．imagined(想象)。“his blood type was O positive like Roman's”指麦卡锡得知他的血型和罗曼一样是O型阳性。故选C。 答案　C 29．A．ignored B．spread C．received D．brought 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：6月底， 他收到消息说他将是罗曼的最佳捐赠者。A．ignored(忽视)；B．spread(传播)；C．received(收到)；D．brought(带来)。根据“news that he would be a great donor match for Roman”可知， 麦卡锡收到他是罗曼最佳捐赠者的消息。故选C。 答案　C 30．A．determined B．blamed C．pretended D．praised 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：六月当医院决定进行手术时， 罗曼的父母开始流泪。A．determined(决定)；B．blamed(责备)；C．pretended(假装)；D．praised(赞美)。根据“in June that the operation would be performed”可知， 医院决定进行手术。故选A。 答案　A 31．A．perfect B．generous C．similar D．normal 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意：罗曼的移植手术进行得很顺利， 他基本上恢复成了一个正常的15岁孩子。A．perfect(完美的)；B．generous(慷慨的)；C．similar(相似的)；D．normal(正常的)。根据“Roman's transplant went smoothly”可知， 罗曼手术顺利， 所以恢复成正常15岁孩子了。故选D。 答案　D 32．A．stole B．started C．saved D．sold 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：他父母的朋友为他开了一个GoFundMe账户来帮助支付费用。A．stole(偷窃)；B．started(开始， 创立)；C．saved(挽救)；D．sold(出售)。根据“a GoFundMe account”可知， 开设GoFundMe账户来帮助支付费用。故选B。 答案　B 33．A．thankful B．patient C．eager D．concerned 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意：罗曼的母亲说：“我们家的每个人都将永远感谢捐赠者所做的一切。”A．thankful(感谢的)；B．patient(耐心的)；C．eager(渴望的)；D．concerned(担心的)。根据“for what the donor did”可知， 这家人感谢捐赠者。故选A。 答案　A 34．A．role B．target C．title D．gift 解析　考查名词辨析。句意：“我们希望他的礼物能给那些正在经历我们所做的事情的人带来希望， 他们也会找到捐赠者。”A．role(角色)；B．target(目标)；C．title(标题)；D．gift(礼物)。根据“will give hope to others”可知， 捐赠者捐赠了肾脏， 挽救了罗曼的生命， 所以比喻成给予希望的礼物。故选D。 答案　D 35．A．showing off B．going through C．holding onto D．getting over 解析　考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我们希望他的礼物能给那些正在经历我们所做的事情的人带来希望， 他们也会找到捐赠者。”A．showing off(炫耀)；B．going through(经历)；C．holding onto(保持)；D．getting over(克服)。根据“what we did, and that they'll also find donors”可知， 给那些正在经历和他们一样事情的人带去希望。故选B。 答案　B 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分) 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (眉山高一期末)A video of a five­year­old boy in China 36. insisted on(坚持)growing his hair for three years so he could sell it and donate(捐赠)the money to help children with cancer has moved 37. lot of people. The boy, nicknamed Guangnian, from Henan Province, 38. (stop)cutting his hair three years ago because he hoped to wait for it to grow long enough to sell and make money. In the video, Guangnian smiles 39. (happy)and runs his fingers through his long hair as he tells his story to the camera. “I have long hair, but I'm a boy. I want 40. (try)my best to help the needy，” he said. He remembered that a few classmates mistook 41. (he)for a girl on the first day of school because 42. his long hair. “This made me feel a bit sad, but I won't easily change my mind. I will keep 43. (go)，” he said. His mother explained that he made the 44. (decide)when he saw a TV programme in which a little girl with cancer wished to have more hair. The boy's story has touched the hearts of many Internet 45. (user)in China. [语篇导读]　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国一名五岁男孩坚持留三年头发， 卖掉头发， 然后把钱捐给患有癌症的儿童， 男孩这一举动感动了许多人。 36．解析　考查定语从句。句意：中国一名五岁男孩坚持留三年头发， 这样他就可以卖掉头发， 然后把钱捐给患有癌症的儿童， 这段视频感动了很多人。定语从句修饰先行词boy, 在从句中作主语， 指人。故填who/that。 答案　who/that 37．解析　考查冠词。句意：中国一名五岁男孩坚持留三年头发， 这样他就可以卖掉头发， 然后把钱捐给患有癌症的儿童， 这段视频感动了很多人。a lot of意为“许多”。故填a。 答案　a 38．解析　考查时态。句意：这个男孩， 绰号光年， 来自河南省， 三年前他不再剪头发， 因为他希望等头发长得足够长， 然后卖掉赚钱。根据three years ago可知， 发生在过去， 用一般过去时。故填stopped。 答案　stopped 39．解析　考查副词。句意：在视频中， 光年对着镜头讲述自己的故事， 他开心地笑着， 用手指梳理着自己的长发。修饰动词smile, 应用副词happily, 作状语。故填happily。 答案　happily 40．解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：“我想尽我所能帮助有需要的人。”他说。want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”， 不定式作宾语。故填to try。 答案　to try 41．解析　考查代词。句意：他记得第一天上学时， 因为他的长发， 有几个同学把他错当成女生了。作动词mistake的宾语， 应用宾格him。故填him。 答案　him 42．解析　考查介词。句意：他记得第一天上学时， 因为他的长发， 有几个同学把他错当成女生了。because of意为“因为”， 后接宾语。故填of。 答案　of 43．解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：我将继续前进。keep doing sth.表示“继续做某事”。故填going。 答案　going 44．解析　考查名词。句意：他的母亲解释说， 当他看到一个电视节目时， 他做出了这个决定， 节目中一个患有癌症的小女孩希望有更多的头发。作动词的宾语， 应用名词decision, 此处特指“这一决定”。故填decision。 答案　decision 45．解析　考查名词的数。句意：这个男孩的故事触动了许多中国网民的心。user为可数名词， 由many修饰应用复数形式。故填users。 答案　users 第三部分　写作(共两节， 满分40分) 第一节　(满分15分) 阅读下面的故事，写一篇评论。 Once upon a time some tiny frogs held a competition.The first to reach the top of a very high tower would be the winner. A big crowd gathered around the tower to see the race and cheer them on. The race began.No one in the crowd really believed that any of the tiny frogs would reach the top of tower.“They will never get to the top! They will never succeed！” someone said. One by one, the tiny frogs began to collapse (退下). The crowd kept shouting, “It is too difficult! No frog will make it！” More tiny frogs got tired and gave up, but one continued climbing, higher and higher.This one wouldn't give up. In the end, he was the only one left—the only one to get to the top.The other frogs naturally wanted to know: How did the frog make it? One frog stepped forward to ask the winner.It turned out that the winner was deaf. He had won because he was able to keep his own mind.He was able to keep trying.He couldn't hear criticism；neither could he hear praise. We learn a lesson from this story: don't let others' praise or criticism hold you back on your way to succeed. 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 [参考范文] In the competition, only a deaf frog got to the top of tower.He won the race because of his deafness, which made him stick to his goal and keep trying. This story indicates that those not listening to other's criticism or praise are more likely to obtain what they are pursuing.Praise and criticism are part of our life and almost everyone prefers praise to criticism.Suppose you fail an exam, praise may help build up your confidence and bring you much pleasure while criticism may discourage you and get you down. Praise as well as criticism is commonly employed to keep students motivated.So whatever you encounter, accept it willingly and use it to the fullest. 第二节　(满分25分) 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (新课标Ⅰ卷)I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. “We made it，” he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: “Out of order. Sorry.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1： I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. Paragraph 2： Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. [参考范文] Paragraph 1： I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news．He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I'll be late for the conference which is so important that I can't afford to miss it！” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch！” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure. Paragraph 2： Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised．He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”， back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm­hearted friend like Gunter. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$