UNIT 5 Grammar——复习情态动词和过去将来时(课件PPT)-【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步练测（人教版2019）

单击此处添加文本具体内容 UNIT 5　 THE VALUE OF MONEY Grammar——复习情态动词和过去将来时 could would May UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY mustn't may ought to UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY B A D C UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY No, you mustn't may/might not know the truth UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY 必须 偏要， 非要……不可 一定 UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY D C B E A UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY oughtn't/ought not to scold ought to/should be home UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY would get up early used to go to the park UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY needn't go there Need he must he needn't UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY must have lost his way can't/couldn't have lost his way needn't have gone to work UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY would help to search to drop UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY would should Shall May should UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY dared need would be grew was leaving UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY shouldn't oughtn't to mustn't UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY should was going to have UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY [对应学生用书第105页] 用情态动词完成下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征 1．(教材P52)Oliver believes that with a million­pound bank note a man _____ live a month in London. 2．(教材P52)Young man, _____ you step inside a moment, please? 3．(教材P52)___ we ask what you're doing in this country and what your plans are? 4．(教材P52)Well, you _______ worry about that. 5．(教材P52)Well, it ___ seem lucky to you but not to me! 6．(教材P52)Now if you'll excuse me, I ________ be on my way. 要点一　情态动词 英语中常用的情态动词有： shall、should、can、could、may、might、will、would、must和 ought to。另外need、dare、used只能算作“半情态动词”， 因为它们既可作情态动词， 又可作行为动词。 情态动词有一定的词义， 但不能单独作谓语， 需和后接的动词原形一起作谓语；情态动词一般无人称和数的变化， 个别情态动词有现在时和过去时两种时态变化；构成否定句时， not放在情态动词后面。 1．can/could的用法 (1)表示能力， 意为“能， 会”。 I can play basketball now, but I couldn't when I was young. 现在我会打篮球了， 但小时候我不会。 (2)表示客观或理论上的可能性。 It can be very hot here in summer. 这里夏天有时会很热。 (3)表示请求或允许。在疑问句中could可以代替can, 语气更委婉， 回答时要用can。 —Could I take out a loan tomorrow? —Yes, you can./No, I'm afraid not. ——明天我能取得贷款吗？ ——是的， 可以。/不， 恐怕不行。 (4)表示推测， 意为“可能”， 用于否定句和疑问句。can比could语气强。 －Can he be in the reading room now? －No, he can't be in it.Because I saw him in the office just now. ——他现在可能在阅览室吗？ ——不， 他不可能在(阅览室)。因为我刚刚在办公室看见他了。 [名师点津] can 用于指现在， 常表示自身具有的能力。could 用于指过去， 常泛指过去的能力。be able to用于各种时态， 表示经过努力后所具有的能力。 [对点训练1] 选出下列句中can 和could的含义 eq \x(\a\al(A.表示能力 B.表示推测,C.表示请求和许可 D.表示客观或理论上的可能性)) ①I believe that he can't be so rude._____ ②I can speak English fluently while he can't._____ ③Even an experienced doctor can make a mistake._____ ④－Could you please clean this room? －Yes, I can._____ 2．may/might的用法 (1)表示请求和许可。在疑问句中might可以代替may, 语气更加委婉。否定回答时可用can't或mustn't, 表示“不可以， 禁止”。 —Might/May I smoke beneath the tree? —Yes, you may/can./No, you mustn't. ——我可以在这棵树下吸烟吗？ ——是的， 你可以。/不， 你不可以。 (2)表示推测， 意为“或许， 可能”， 通常用于肯定句和否定句。might比may语气弱。 It may/might rain this afternoon.You'd better take a raincoat with you. 今天下午可能会下雨。你最好带上雨衣。 (3)表示祝愿， 常用结构为“May＋主语＋动词原形！” May you be happy every day! 愿你快乐每一天！ [对点训练2] 完成句子 ①——我能将这本书带出去吗？ ——不， 你不能。 —May I take the book out? —_______________． ②你的妈妈或许不知道真相。 Your mother ____________________________． 3．must的用法 (1)表示“必须”， 语气强烈。 have to表示“不得不”， 意思与must相近， 但又有所区别。must表示说话人的主观看法， have to则强调客观需要；must只有一种形式， 而have to有人称、时态等方面的变化。 在回答must引出的一般疑问句时， 如果是否定的， 不能用mustn't(禁止， 不准), 而用needn't或don't have to(不必)。 —Must we apologise to the servant? —Yes, you must.(No, you don't have to/you needn't.) ——我们必须向那个仆人道歉吗？ ——是的， 必须道歉。(不， 不需要。) (2)表示推测， 意为“一定”， 用于肯定句。 Someone must have used my umbrella yesterday.I found it wet. 昨天一定有人用了我的雨伞， 我发现它湿了。 (3)意为“偏要， 非要……不可”。 Must you make so much noise when I have a rest? 你就非得在我休息时弄出这么大的声音吗？ (4)mustn't表示禁止， 意为“不得， 不允许；一定不要”。 That car is my property.You mustn't use it without my permission. 那辆车是我的财产。没有我的允许你不得使用它。 [对点训练3] 写出下列句中must的含义 ①You must practice your spoken English if you want to improve. ______ ②Why must he go out in the bad weather? ____________________ ③She must be tired after such a long walk. ______ 4．shall/should的用法 (1)用于第一、三人称疑问句中， 表示说话人征求对方的意见。 When shall he be able to leave the hospital? 他什么时候能出院？ (2)用于第二、三人称陈述句中， 表示说话人的命令、警告、威胁、允诺、决心等；或用于条约、规定、法令、法律等， 意为“必须”。 He shall be punished if he keeps on doing it. 如果他继续那样做， 会受到惩罚的。 (3)should表示责任、义务、劝告、建议等， 意为“应该”。 We should help others when they are in trouble. 当别人有困难时， 我们应该帮助他们。 (4)should表示出乎意料的口气， 意为“竟然， 居然”。 Such a gentleman should do that. 这样一位绅士竟然会那样做。 [对点训练4] 选出下列句中shall 和should的含义 eq \x(\a\al(A.应该 　B．征求对方意见　C．警告,D.允诺　E．可能)) ①You shall have my answer tomorrow._____ ②He shall be punished._____ ③Shall we go to the theater this evening？_____ ④If I didn't write them down, I should probably forget all about them._____ ⑤You should be polite to your teachers._____ 5．ought to的用法 (1)ought to表示义务或责任， 意为“应该”， 语气比should稍重。 To keep fit, we ought to learn more about our body. 为了保持健康， 我们应该多了解我们的身体。 (2)ought to表示劝告、建议或命令。should和ought to可通用， 但在疑问句中常用should。ought to的否定式为：oughtn't to或ought not to。 You ought not to be late for such an important meeting. 这么重要的会议你不应该迟到的。 (3)ought to表示推测， 指预期的可能性， 意为“应该， 估计”。 She promised to come by 10 o'clock.She ought to be here at any moment. 她答应10点之前来的。她随时都可能来到。 [对点训练5] 完成句子 ①你不该责备他。 You ___________________________ him. ②现在他应该到家了。 He _______________________ by now. 6．will/would的用法 (1)表示意愿、意志、决心。will用在现在时态， would用在过去时态。 They asked him if he would make a bet. 他们问他是否愿意打个赌。 (2)表示征求意见或提出请求， 多用于第二人称疑问句中。would比will语气委婉。 Would you mind opening the window for me? 请你给我打开窗户好吗？ (3)表示习惯性动作、固有属性、必然趋势， 意为“总是， 习惯于”。will用在现在时态， would用在过去时态。 She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. 她独自在房间里听音乐， 往往一听就是几小时。 Mum would tell us stories before we went to bed. 过去在我们上床睡觉前， 妈妈总给我们讲故事。 [名师点津] would表示过去反复发生的动作， 不强调现在还是否经常发生， used to 表示过去常常做某事， 但现在不这样做了。 (4)表示功能， 意为“能， 可以”， 常用于否定句。 The door won't open.这门打不开。 [对点训练6] 完成句子 ①他住在乡下时总是起得很早。 He __________________ when he lived in the country. ②以前， 每到星期天， 他总是到公园去下棋。但他现在生病住院了。 On Sunday he ______________________ to play chess.But now he is ill in hospital. 7．need的用法 (1)作情态动词时， need没有人称和时态的变化， 后接动词原形， 一般用于否定句或疑问句中。其否定形式是在其后直接加not, 疑问句形式是直接将need提到主语前。由need构成的一般疑问句， 其肯定回答用must。 —Need I tell him everything that's happened to his parents? —Yes, you must./No, you needn't. ——我有必要告诉他有关他父母发生的一切吗？ ——是的， 必须。/不， 没必要。 (2)need作实义动词时， 后可接名词、动名词、不定式等， 有人称、时态和数的变化。 The door needs painting. ＝The door needs to be painted. [对点训练7] 完成句子 ①你现在不必去那儿。 You ________________ now. ②——他有必要留在这儿吗？ ——是的， 他必须。/不， 他不必要。 —____ he stay here? —Yes, _______．/No, __________． 8．“情态动词＋have done”的用法 (1)must have done表示对过去发生的动作或状态进行推测， 语气比较肯定， 通常只用于肯定句。 He must have read the book because he is very familiar with it. 他一定是读过这本书， 因为他非常熟悉它。 (2)may/might have done表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测， might的语气比may弱。主要用于肯定句或否定句。 Mary might have learned some Chinese before. 玛丽以前可能已学过一些中文了。 (3)can/could have done表示对过去的某种情况的怀疑或不确定， 一般用于否定句和疑问句， could的语气较can弱， could have done还可表示过去本来能做的事情而没做。 He cannot have forgotten it. 他不可能忘记的。 The accident could have been avoided. 这场事故本来是可以避免的。 (4)ought to/should have done表示过去本应该做某事但没做， 其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了。 I really regretted wasting the hours when I should have studied hard, but it was too late. 我真后悔浪费了本该努力学习的光阴， 但现在后悔已经晚了。 To be honest, I shouldn't have said to you like that. 说实话， 我本不应该那样对你说的。 (5)needn't have done表示过去做了不必做的事情。 You needn't have taken out a loan.We could give you a hand. 你本不需要贷款的。我们可以帮助你。 [对点训练8] 完成句子 ①——汤姆一定迷路了， 因为他到现在还未到。 ——不， 他一定没迷路。他带了一张地图。 —Tom _______________________, for he hasn't arrived yet. —No, he_________________________________．He had got a map with him. ②昨天你本没有必要去上班。(昨天)是星期天。 You _________________________ yesterday.It was Sunday. 要点二　过去将来时 过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。过去将来时的出发点是过去， 即从过去某一时刻看以后要发生的动作或状态。口诀：“立足过去，着眼未来。”过去将来时由 would、was/were going to、was/were to、was/were about to 等加动词原形构成。 1．“would＋动词原形”。常表示计划或安排即将发生的事。 The man said that he would wait for us at the consulate. 那个人说他将在领事馆等我们。 2．“was/were going to＋动词原形”。该结构有两个主要用法：一是表示计划或安排即将发生的事， 二是表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。 I thought it was going to rain. 我认为要下雨了。 The boy was not going to do anything eventually. 最后这个男孩不准备做任何事。 3．come、go、leave、arrive、start等动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。 Jack said he was leaving tomorrow. 杰克说他打算明天动身。 4．“was/were to＋动词原形”。主要表示过去计划或安排要做的事情。 The man said he was to take up the position. 这个人说他要担任这个职务。 5．“was/were about to ＋ 动词原形”。表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作， 由于本身已含有“即将”的意味， 所以不再与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。 I was about to go to bed when the phone rang. 电话铃响时我正好要上床睡觉。 [对点训练9] 单句语法填空 ①Whenever he had time, he __________(help)them with their work. ②Linda told me that she was _________(search)for a new job before long. ③He promised that he was going _______(drop)in on me if he had enough time. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．When we lived in that village, we _____ often climb mountains together. 2．You ______ help your mother with the housework. 3．I bought some lovely bags at a store._____ I bring you one? 4．___ you have a happy weekend. 5．We ______ have helped him.In that case, he would have been able to finish the work. 6．Many people were standing around watching with sympathy, but no one _____ to help him up. 7．You ____ to get rid of the habit of drinking cola only. 8．His sister told him that she ________(be)back on Tuesday. 9．The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he ____(grow)up. 10．She said the bus ___________(leave)at five the next morning. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．It's so near.We __________have taken a taxi.(shouldn't/can't) 2．You ___________ have spent so much time playing computer games. (mustn't/oughtn't to) 3．You _______ go there alone.It's too dangerous.(mustn't/needn't) 4．You ______ have finished your homework on weekend.In that case，you would have been able to hand it in on time.(should/can) 5．This morning I thought I _________________ a talk with you tonight.(was going to have/was about to have) $$