2025年河北省中职英语一轮复习虚拟语气课件

　虚拟语气 一、含义：虚拟语气是一种用来表达假设、愿望、建议或与事实相反的情况的语法形式。说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种愿望。 常用于条件句、愿望句 和 建议句 考点一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 若条件状语从句是非真实情况， 则要用虚拟语气。这种句子叫作虚拟条件句。包括与过去事实相反，与现在事实相反，与将来事实相反。 1. 主从句时间一致的虚拟条件句句型   从句 主句 例句 与现在事实 相反的假设 If+主语+动词的过去式(be动词用were) 主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形 If I were you,I would seize the chance to go abroad. 如果我是你，我就抓住这次出国的机会。 与过去事实 相反的假设 If+主语+had+过去分词 主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词 If you/had taken my advice,you would not have failed in the exams. 如果你早听了我的建议，你考试就能通过了。 与将来事实 相反的假设 1.If+主语+动词的过去式(be动词用were) 2.If+主语+were to+动词原形 3. If+主语+should+动词原形 主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形 If he should not come tomorrow,we would put off the meeting till next Monday. 如果明天他不来的话，我们就会把会议推迟到下周一。 If he should not come tomorrow,we would put off the meeting till next Monday. Should he not come tomorrow, we would put off the meeting till next Monday. 注意：当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有 were, should,had 时， if可以省略，将 were/should/had 提前 放在句首 引起倒装。 If he were here, she would agree with us. Were he here, she would agree with us. If you had taken my advice,you would not have failed in the exams.如果你早听了我的建议，你考试就能通过了。 Had you taken my advice,you would not have failed in the exams. 1.If my lawyer _______here last Saturday,he _______me from going.  A.had been;would have prevented B.had been;would prevent C.were;would prevent D.were;would have prevented 【答案】A 2.If I had worn my overcoat,I _______cold.  A.won’t have caught B.couldn’t have caught C.won’t catch D.wouldn’t catch 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查虚拟条件句中主句谓语动词的使用。句意:如果我穿了大衣的话,我就不会感冒了。因为条件从句用了过去完成时,可知主句谓语动词用“would/could have+过去分词”形式。 3.—If he _______,he _______that food.  —Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A.was warned;would not take B.had been warned;would not have taken C.would be warned;had not taken D.would have been warned;had not taken 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。根据答语可知,本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故从句谓语动词用过去完成时,而主句谓语动词用“would have+过去分词”形式。 考点梳理 4.—If I were you, I_______ part in the game. A. take B. took C. would take D. will take 5. If I_______ money, I______ you. A. had; would lend B. have; would lend C. had; would have lent D. had; will lend C A 考点梳理 2.主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句。 错综时间条件从句  从句 主句 例句 从句说明过去，主句说明现在 If+主语+had + done 主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形 If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now. 如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。 从句说明现在，主句说明过去 If+主语+动词过去式（be 动词用were） 主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词 If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party. 如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日派对了。 考点梳理 1.If he ________ his legs yesteday, he ________ the Summer Palace with us now. A. hadn’t hurt; would visit B. hadn’t hurt; would have visited C. didn’t hurt; would visit D. didn’t hurt would have visited A 2.If she could sew, she________ herself a shirt. A. will make B. made C. would have made D. had made C 考点梳理 考点二、表愿望的虚拟语气 1. I wish/if only+宾语从句 表示一种没有实现或根本不可能实现的愿望。   主句 从句 例句 对过去虚拟 I wish (if only句式) 1.主语+ had done 2.would/could/might/ should+ have done 我多希望我没有花那么多钱。 I wish I hadn’t spent so much money. 对现在虚拟 I wish (if only句式) 主语+ 动词过去时（did/ were） 要是我是马云就好了。 If only I were Ma Yun. 对将来虚拟 I wish (if only句式) would/could/might/ should+ 动词原型 我真希望我明天就去北京。 I wish I would go to Beijing tomorrow. 1. I wish she_____ there with us now. A. goes B. went C. had gone D. would go 2. I wish she I wish she_____ there with us tomorrow. A. goes B. went C. had gone D. would go 3. I wish she I wish she_____ there with us yesterday. A. goes B. went C. had gone D. would go B D C 2. as if/ as though+从句 似乎 好像 表示 内容与事实不符 用虚拟语气。   主句 从句 例句 对过去虚拟 as if/ as though 主语+ had+ done 他表现的好像没事发生一样。 He behaved as if nothing had happened. 对现在虚拟 as if/as though 主语+过去时（were） 听起来好像过得很愉快。 It sounds as though you had a good time. 对将来虚拟(将来的可能性) as if / as though would/ might/could+ do sth Don’t say anything. As if I would. The tree looked as if it_______ for a long time. A. has watered B. didn’t water C. hadn’t been watered D. wasn’t watered He looked as if he _____ ill for along time. A. was B. were C. has been D. had been C D 3. it’s (high)time that +从句（主语+ 动词过去时did + sth/ 主语+ should + do sth）/ 到做某事的时间了 用过去表示现在 我们该吃饭了。 it is time that we had lunch. It’s time that we should have lunch. 习题 It’s high time that children _______ to bed. A. go B. went C. gone D. going B It’s high time we _______ home. A. will go B. would C. have gone D. went D 4. would rather +从句 宁愿做某事 表示现在或将来的愿望， 用一般过去。 表示过去的愿望， 用过去完成时（had+ done）。 I’d rather you_____ anything about it for the time being. A. do B. didn’t do C. don’t D. didn’t B 考点三、表建议的虚拟语气 表示命令、建议、要求等动词后的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。 这些动词包括 suggest/ advise /propose/require/ request/insist / order/ /command/demand/ suggestion 用法：主语+ suggest/ suggested.... + that + 主语+ (should 可省略)+ 动词原型（do） sth 他建议她努力学习。 He suggested that she (should) study hard. Her pale face suggested that she_____ ill, and her parents suggested that she _____ a medical examination. A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; had D. were; has B My suggestion is that a few more doctors _____ to the mountain areas. A. be sent B. have sent C. sent D. should sent A 1.(山西卷)The professor suggested that the work_______at once. A. be done B. did C. was done D. does 2.(山西卷)_______, he would have succeeded in the examinations. A.Had he worked hard B.If he worked hard C.If he works hard D.If he has worked hard A A 3.(山西卷)If my lawyer _______here last Saturday,he_______me from going. A. had been;would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C.were;would prevent D.were; would have prevented A 4.(山西卷)If I______you, I_____very happy. A.were;would B. were; would be C. am;am D.was;was 5.(湖北卷)If my mother_______ with me now , she could help me a lot. A.is B.had been C.could be D.were B D 6.If I hadn't told him that,nothing _______last week. A.would happen B.should happen C. would have happened D. had happened 7. I suggest that someone else _______to her instead of me. A.talking B.talks C.talked D.talk C D 8. (北京卷)It was a lovely day yesterday. I wish I______at the seaside with you then. A.was B. should be C.should have been D.had been 9.(北京卷) If I_______you,I would give her a call. A. am B. was C. are D. were D D 10._______ to do the work, I should do it in a different way. A. Were I B. If I C. I were D. Was I 11.______ he known my address, he would have come. A. Were B. Did C. Had D. Should A C $$