11 修辞的力量（1）-2025年高考英语读后续写高分技能提升

修辞的力量（1） 隐喻是一种隐含比喻的修辞手法，通过将一个事物的表述用于另一个事物，来表达更丰富的意义。与明喻相比，隐喻的比喻关系更为紧密，通常不使用“像”“如”等喻词，而是直接用“是”“成为”等词连接本体和喻体。例如，“儿童是祖国的花朵”就是典型的隐喻，它将“儿童”比作“花朵”，形象地表达了儿童的纯真与希望。这种修辞手法能够增强语言的表现力和感染力，使续写内容更加生动、形象。 一、写作中用隐喻为句子表达润色 （1） 用名词展现形象景象 例句：All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players. 中文翻译：整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。 解释：将“世界”比作“舞台”，“人”比作“演员”，形象地表达了人生的短暂与角色的变换。 例句：The human tide was rolling westward. 中文翻译：人流向西涌去。 解释：把“人群”比作“潮水”，生动地描绘了人群的汹涌和流动。 例句：Life is a journey. 中文翻译：人生是一次旅行。 解释：将“人生”比作“旅行”，突出了人生的起伏和探索的过程。 例句：He is a walking dictionary. 中文翻译：他是一本活词典。 解释：把“人”比作“词典”，形象地表达了他知识渊博。 （2） 用动词模仿动作特征 例句：The boy wolfed down the food the moment he grabbed it. 中文翻译：那男孩儿一抓到食物便狼吞虎咽般地吃了下去。 解释：用“wolfed down”（狼吞虎咽）模仿狼吃东西的动作，形象地表现出男孩的饥饿。 例句：Waves thundered against the rocks. 中文翻译：水浪猛烈地拍打着岩岸。 解释：将“海浪拍打”比作“雷声轰鸣”，生动地描绘了海浪的汹涌。 例句：The boy is shooting up fast. 中文翻译：这个小孩长得特快。 解释：用“shooting up”（像子弹一样向上）形容小孩长得快。 例句：I have been wrestling with this problem for half an hour. 中文翻译：我钻研这个问题已经半小时了。 解释：将“解决问题”比作“摔跤”，形象地表达了解决问题的艰难。 （3） 用形容词凸显面貌、形态特征等 例句：He has a golden opportunity. 中文翻译：他有着极好的机会。 解释：用“golden”（金色的）形容“机会”，隐喻机会的珍贵。 例句：He has the microwave smile that warms another person without heat. 中文翻译：他有一种微波微笑，能不加热而使别人温暖。 解释：将“微笑”比作“微波”，形象地表达了微笑的温暖。 例句：We regard it as a burning shame to have lagged behind. 中文翻译：我们把落后看成是奇耻大辱。 解释：用“burning”（燃烧的）形容“羞耻”，强调羞耻感的强烈。 例句：He has a heart of stone. 中文翻译：他有一颗铁石心肠。 解释：将“心”比作“石头”，形象地表达了他冷酷无情。 （4） 用副词限定、强调或摹状动作 例句：He flatly refused us. 中文翻译：他坚决拒绝我们。 解释：用“flatly”（断然地）强调“拒绝”的坚决。 例句：Time passed at a nail’s pace. 中文翻译：时间过得很慢。 解释：用“nail’s pace”（钉子的速度）来形容时间的缓慢。 例句：They escaped by a hair’s breadth. 中文翻译：他们死里逃生。 解释：用“hair’s breadth”（头发丝的宽度）来形容逃脱的惊险。 例句：He was almost at the end of his tether when he stumbled on the solution of his difficulty. 中文翻译：他在山穷水尽之际找到了解决困难的办法。 解释：用“end of his tether”（绳子的尽头）来形容他陷入绝境。 （5） 用谚语的文化内涵增添表述的活力 例句：To many cooks spoil the broth. 中文翻译：人多坏事。 解释：通过“太多厨师毁了汤”这一形象比喻，表达“人多手杂”的道理。 例句：Strike the iron while it is hot. 中文翻译：趁热打铁。 解释：用“打铁需趁热”这一谚语，隐喻抓住时机的重要性。 例句：You can not make an omelet without breaking eggs. 中文翻译：做事不可畏首畏尾。 解释：通过“做煎蛋卷不打破鸡蛋”这一比喻，表达“做事要有决断”的道理。 例句：Every dog has its day. 中文翻译：人人皆有得意时。 解释：用“每条狗都有它的日子”这一谚语，表达“每个人都有成功的时候”。 通过运用隐喻，可以将抽象的概念具体化，使语言更加生动形象，增强文章的表现力和感染力。在写作中灵活运用隐喻，能够使续写内容更加丰富、有趣。 二、续写中运用隐喻的方法举例 下面我们以高考试题为例，简要分析如何在续写中使用隐喻，为表达增添活力。 (2021年1月，浙江高考)阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Pumpkin (南瓜) carving at Halloween is a family tradition. We visit a local farm every October. In the pumpkin field， I compete with my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin. My dad has a rule that we have to carry our pumpkins back home， and as the eldest child I have an advantage﹣I carried an 85﹣pounder back last year. This year， it was hard to tell whether my prize or the one chosen by my 14﹣year﹣old brother， Jason， was the winner. Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides， but I was determined to prove my point. All of us were hard at work at the kitchen table，with my mom filming the annual event. I'm unsure now why I thought forcing my head inside the pumpkin would settle the matter，but it seemed to make perfect sense at the time. With the pumpkin resting on the table，hole uppermost，I bent over and pressed my head against the opening. At first I got jammed just above my eyes and then，as I went on with my task，unwilling to quit，my nose briefly prevented entry. Finally I managed to put my whole head into it，like a cork(软木塞)forced into a bottle. I was able to straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders. My excitement was short﹣lived. The pumpkin was heavy. "I'm going to set it down，now，" I said，and with Jason helping to support its weight，I bent back over the table to give it somewhere to rest. It was only when I tried to remove my head that I realized getting out was going to be less straightforward than getting in. When I pulled hard， my nose got in the way. I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle， but it was no use. "I can't get it out!" I shouted， my voice sounding unnaturally loud in the enclosed space. 注意： 1． 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1 I was stuck for five or six minutes though it felt much longer. _____________________________________ Paragraph 2 That video was posted the day before Halloween. ________________________________________ 1．利用隐喻增添续写表现力的策略 (1)用形容词模拟心理状态 例如： I could hear my sister’s cutting laughter and Jason’s muffled voice talking about forcing the giant thing open. 我能听到我姐姐刺耳的笑声，还有杰森低沉的声音在谈论如何把那个巨大的东西打开。 (2)用动词刻画动作效果 例如：The air inside the hollow vegetable was flooded with of my anxious breath.空心南瓜的空气中充满了我焦虑的呼吸。 (3)用名词凸显某一事件带来的影响 例如：One girl recalled celebrating it with her brothers and sisters, and thanked us for “bringing her home”.一个女孩回忆起和她的兄弟姐妹一起庆祝，并感谢我们“把她带回家”。 2．用隐喻增添续写语篇的表现力 It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer. The air inside the hollow vegetable was flooded of my anxious breath. I could hear my sister’s cutting laughter and Jason’s muffled voice talking about forcing the giant thing open. “No! Not my precious pumpkin!” I protested. Eventually, Dad helped me adjust my body to a more relaxed position, and pulled the pumpkin gently off my head. Hair in knots, nose and chain covered in pumpkin flesh, I let out a sigh of relief. That’s when I realized the camera had been rolling the whole time! The video was posted online the Monday before Halloween.I looked just like a pumpkin head in it. Embarrassed and a little annoyed, I fled to my room, but Mom stopped me. “You haven’t read the comments yet.” I scrolled down the screen and marveled at the stories the viewers shared about Halloween. One girl recalled celebrating it with her brothers and sisters, and thanked us for “bringing her home”. The words brought warmth to my heart and tears to my eyes. I felt lucky to be a part of this mischievous yet loving family. 翻译： 尽管感觉时间更长，但实际上只有五六分钟。那个空心蔬菜里充满了我焦虑的呼吸。我能听到我妹妹尖锐的笑声，以及杰森闷声闷气地讨论如何把那个巨大的东西弄开。“不！不要弄坏我的宝贝南瓜！”我抗议道。最终，爸爸帮我调整了身体姿势，让身体更放松，然后轻轻地把南瓜从我的头上取了下来。头发乱成一团，鼻子和下巴上都沾满了南瓜肉，我松了一口气。就在那时，我意识到摄像机一直在拍摄！ 在万圣节前的星期一，这段视频被发布到了网上。视频里我看起来像个南瓜头。我感到尴尬又有点生气，于是跑进了房间，但妈妈拦住了我。“你还没看评论呢。”我滑动屏幕，惊讶地看到观众们分享的关于万圣节的故事。一个女孩回忆起和兄弟姐妹一起庆祝万圣节的经历，并感谢我们“让她回到了家”。这些话语温暖了我的心，也让我热泪盈眶。我感到幸运，能成为这个顽皮却又充满爱的家庭的一员。 综合演练： Carl lost his job. He tried to find another one but it wasn’t easy. As a result, the poor fellow couldn’t pay his bills and he couldn’t even find anybody to lend him any. Carl spent most of his days at home. Sometimes he looked out of the window and watched his neighbor’s house. An old professor lived there alone. Strangely, he hardly talked to his neighbors. Carl could see into the professor’s house because he never drew the curtain. The rooms were full of antique (古董) furniture and vases. Carl thought, “If I got an antique vase, I could sell it for a lot of money.” Every day Carl saw the professor. He left at 10 o’clock in the morning and came back home at 4 o’clock in the afternoon. He had a dog. Carl often went to the fence and played with it or gave it a piece of meat. One day Carl thought, “I will go into the professor’s house and steal a vase. I will break the window and climb in. The dog is not a problem.” There was an old gun in the cellar(地下室). It had been his great grandfather’s favorite thing a long time before. Carl didn’t want to use the gun but he thought, “Anything could happen.” He wanted to hide the gun under his coat but it was too long so he had to cut the end off with a saw（锯）.  The next morning he watched the professor leaving home at 10 o’clock. Carl climbed over the fence. The dog ran to him and Carl gave it a big bone. He threw a piece of stone through the window, which broke. It wasn’t high. He could climb into the house easily. He looked around inside. There were paintings on the walls, small figures and vases on the shelves and the floor. Carl didn’t know much about arts. He couldn’t choose. He reached his hands towards a big vase when he heard a noise. The front door opened and someone entered the house. Paragraph 1: It was the professor. He had forgotten to take an important document (文件) with him.  ______________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The professor was scared.  ______________________________________________________________________________________ 翻译小练习： 1. 卡尔害怕极了，他不假思索地拔出了枪。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 教授走进房间看见了他。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. “你在我家里干什么？”他惊讶而愤怒地问道。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. “我什么都没偷。“放开我，不然我就开枪了。”卡尔喊道，用颤抖的双手指着教授。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 突然，他大笑起来。“用那把枪？教授问道。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 奇怪的是，他似乎不再害怕卡尔了。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 他接着说，“你不能用那把古董枪开枪。你真该把它放进博物馆。” ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 8. “这真的是古董枪吗？”卡尔问。“值多少钱？”“它值17000美金，”教授说。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 9. “但现在你只能得到100美元。”“为什么？”？卡尔问。教授回答说，“因为它的部分不见了。” ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案： 1. 卡尔害怕极了，他不假思索地拔出了枪。 Carl became so afraid mat he pulled out the gun without thinking. 2. 教授走进房间看见了他。 The Professor came into the room and saw him. 3. “你在我家里干什么？”他惊讶而愤怒地问道。 “What are you doing in my house” he asked surprisingly and angrily. 4. “我什么都没偷。“放开我，不然我就开枪了。”卡尔喊道，用颤抖的双手指着教授。 “I havent stolen anything. Just let me go or I will shoot” cried Carl, pointing the gun at the professor with his trembling hands. 5. 突然，他大笑起来。“用那把枪？教授问道。 Suddenly, he burst into laughter. “With that gun?” asked the professor. 6. 奇怪的是，他似乎不再害怕卡尔了。 Strangely, he didn’t seem frightened of Carl any more. 7. 他接着说，“你不能用那把古董枪开枪。你真该把它放进博物馆。” He continued, “You can’t shoot with that antique gun. You should have put it in the museum actually.” 8. “这真的是古董枪吗？”卡尔问。“值多少钱？”“它值17000美金，”教授说。 “Is this really an antique gun?” asked Carl. “How much is it worth?” “It was worth about 17,000 dollars,”said the professor. 9. “但现在你只能得到100美元。”“为什么？”？卡尔问。教授回答说，“因为它的部分不见了。” “But now you can get only 100 dollars for it.” “Why?” asked Carl. The professor replied, ‘Because its end is missing.” 参考范文： It was the professor. He had forgotten to take an important document with him. Carl became so afraid mat he pulled out the gun without thinking. The Professor came into the room and saw him. “What are you doing in my house” he asked surprisingly and angrily. “I haven’t stolen anything. Just let me go or I will shoot” cried Carl, pointing the gun at the professor with his trembling hands. The professor was scared. Suddenly, he burst into laughter. “With that gun?” asked the professor. Strangely, he didn’t seem frightened of Carl any more. He continued, “You can’t shoot with that antique gun. You should have put it in the museum actually.” “Is this really an antique gun?” asked Carl. “How much is it worth?” “It was worth about 17,000 dollars,” said the professor. “But now you can get only 100 dollars for it.” “Why?” asked Carl. The professor replied, ‘Because its end is missing.” / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$