06 衔接和连贯的秘密（2）-2025年高考英语读后续写高分技能提升

衔接和连贯的秘密 在进行读后续写时，掌握衔接与顺序性技巧至关重要。其中，行动 - 反应（Action - Response） 是续写过程中的一项关键原则。然而，要实现从一方行动到另一方反应的自然过渡，就必须处理好文章的衔接与连贯问题。在评分标准中，五档作文要求能够有效地运用语句间的连接成分，使续写短文结构紧凑。对于读后续写而言，语句间的连接成分常常通过多种方式呈现，如词汇的复现、替代等。常见的有重复和指代代词（如 he、she、it、they 等），还有名词的同词复现以及同义复现。此外，一些具有特定逻辑关系的词汇在文章衔接中也发挥着重要作用。例如：因果关系的 so、therefore；转折关系的 however、but；条件关系的 if、as long as；让步关系的 though、despite 等。 除了上述连接成分，遵循记叙体所需的顺序性更为关键。只有实现了这种顺序性，文章读起来才会流畅自然，给人一气呵成、畅快淋漓的感觉。一篇好的文章，即便没有华丽的辞藻，也绝不能前言不搭后语地拼凑，或者句子之间出现逻辑跳跃，否则会让读者费解。很多时候，写作者往往会想当然地认为读者能够自行填补句子间的逻辑关系，却忽略了读者在有限的阅读时间内并没有耐心去仔细推敲。 记叙体的顺序主要分为以下几种，它们并非完全独立，有时会相互交织： 1. 时间顺序 时间顺序是记叙文中最为重要且常用的顺序，具体可分为时间的快慢和时间的先后。 （1） 时间缓慢流逝 描述时间缓慢流逝，可以用“go slowly”“drag by/on”等表达。 例如：“The rest of the day went very slowly for Anne.”（那天余下的时间对安妮来说过得很慢。）此句形象地体现出安妮在那段时间里感觉时间异常缓慢的状态。 再如：“Why do physics lessons always seem to drag?”（为什么上物理课总是好像过得那么慢？）进一步展示了“drag”描述时间缓慢流逝的用法。 （2） 时间快速流逝 描述时间快速流逝，可用“go fast/quickly”“tick away”等表达，尤指时间紧迫或感到害怕、焦虑不安时。 例如：“He had to watch the minutes tick away as the emergency services tried to locate him.”（当救援队在设法搜索他的位置时，他只得看着时间一分一秒地过去。）此句通过“tick away”生动地描绘出他在等待救援时，对时间流逝的紧张感受。 再如：“The seconds ticked away, and he became more and more nervous.”（时间一秒一秒过去，他越来越紧张。） （3） 紧接着/后来 常见的表达有： “the following weeks/days/hours… + witnessed/saw sth doing…”（接下来的时间，某事发生了） 例如：“The following days witnessed the improvement of his health.”（接下来的几天，他的健康状况有所改善。） 例如：“The following weeks saw a series of interesting events.”（接下来的几周发生了一系列有趣的事。） “That's when sth. happened.”（就在那时，发生了某事） 例如：“He was walking in the park. That's when he saw a strange bird.”（他正在公园散步，就在那时他看到了一只奇怪的鸟。） 例如：“She was about to leave. That's when the phone rang.”（她正要离开，就在那时电话响了。） “Everything settling down / Everything ready, 主句”（一切完成/就绪后，……） 例如：“Everything settling down, they started to enjoy the party.”（一切都安定下来后，他们开始享受派对。） 例如：“Everything ready, the experiment began smoothly.”（一切准备就绪，实验顺利开始。） “It was/took + 时间 (a long moment/a day…) before sb did sth.”（过了一段时间后，某人开始做某事） 例如：“It was a long moment before he recovered from the shock.”（过了好一会儿，他才从震惊中恢复过来。） 例如：“It took a day before she finally made a decision.”（过了一天她才最终做出决定。） 此外，还有以下短语和表达： “the next minute”（随即） “(be) followed by”（接下来是） “at that”（听到那） “with that”（说完那话；做完那事；随即；接着就） “before doing sth. = and then sb did sth” “after doing” “then”（然后） “later”（后来） “afterwards”（然后） “just in time to find/see…”（恰好发现/看到……） “only to do…”（结果，强调意外结果） “There is no time to do…/for sth.”（没有时间做某事了） “Just as when sb did…主句”（正当某人做某事） 例如： “With that, she rushed out of the room.”（说完那话，她就猛地冲出了房间。）展示了她在说完话后的即刻行动。 “He finished his meal. Then he went out for a walk.”（他吃完饭后，然后出去散步了。）体现了“then”表示时间先后顺序的用法。 2. 空间顺序 在进行读后续写时，当涉及从一个人或物转移到另一个人或物时，除了对话描写外，还可以运用视觉或听觉带来的焦点转移、合围、观众反应等方法。 （1） 视觉和听觉 相关表达有： “the sight of…”（看到……） “at the sight of…”（一看到……） “shift one's eyes from…to…”（目光从……转移到……上） 例如： “His eyes shifted from face to face.”（他的目光从他们的脸上一个个扫过。）形象地展现了他观察的动作和视角的转移。 “At the sight of the teacher, the students stopped talking immediately.”（一看到老师，学生们立刻停止了讲话。）体现了“at the sight of”引导的场景转换。 （2） 合围 常见表达有： “be surrounded by…”（被……包围） “pull/draw sb aside”（把人拉到一边） “pull/gather up sb into one's arms”（把某人拉到怀里） “around sb/sth”（在……旁边） 例如： “Everyone crowded around the little dog.”（大家都围在小狗周围。）描绘出众人围绕小狗的场景。 “The police surrounded the building to catch the criminal.”（警察包围了大楼以抓捕罪犯。）展示了“be surrounded by”在场景描写中的运用。 （3） 方向移动 通过动词（如 walk、step、make one's way、tiptoe、creep）搭配介词（如 out of、towards、across、through、down、up、into、onto），表示方向的移动。 例如： “She pulled out into the street.”（她开车来到大街上。）体现了她的行动方向。 “He tiptoed through the hallway to avoid waking others.”（他踮着脚穿过走廊以免吵醒其他人。）展示了方向移动的具体场景描写。 3. 意识流动顺序 在记叙文中，借助思维活动推动故事发展是很常见的手法，通常表现为（突然）想到某事、大脑里的声音、想象等。 （1） （突然）想到某事 常见表达有： “…”he thought.（“……”他想） “Thoughts/mind raced”（大脑急速转动） “The thought of… + 谓语（如：make, bring）”（一想到……就……） “occur to”（突然想到） “cross one's mind”（突然想起） “strike sb”（某人突然想到） “at the thought/image of…”（一想到……） 例如： “‘How strange!’ he thought.”（“真奇怪！”他想道。） “‘What if I fail?’ she thought worriedly.”（“要是我失败了怎么办？”她忧心忡忡地想。） “The thought of Nick made her throat tighten.”（一想到尼克，她的喉咙就发紧。） “The thought of going on a trip made him excited.”（一想到要去旅行，他就很兴奋。） （2） 大脑里的声音 相关表达有： “The inner voice told sb to do…”（内心的声音告诉某人做某事） “Sth. rings in one's brain”（某人的脑子里响起了……） “hear one's voice in the mind”（在脑海里，能听到某人的声音） 例如： “My inner voice told me to be cautious.”（我内心有个声音告诉我要小心谨慎。） “The warning words rang in his brain, making him hesitate.”（那些警告的话在他脑海中回响，让他犹豫不决。） （3） 想象什么 用“imagine”“picture”（想象，描绘）这两个动词，以及“Daydream about sth.”（做关于……的白日梦）。 例如： “I said, picturing the fancy brick house that we passed on our way home from school.”（我说着，脑中勾勒出上学来回路上经过的那栋华丽的砖房。） “She imagined herself winning the competition and being praised by everyone.”（她想象自己赢得了比赛，受到大家的赞扬。） 4. 场景的氛围 在记叙文中，一个人的动作或说话结束（有时是过程中）时，不一定紧接着是另一个人的反应，还可能是人群的欢呼或喝彩声（也可以是起哄），或是一片寂静。 （1） 人群的反应 相关表达有： “A murmur of (approval, opposition…) came from the crowd.”（从人群里传来……的窃窃私语） “…be greeted with cries of…”（……引起了一片……的吼叫） “produced/caused an awkward silence”（……引起了一阵尴尬的沉默） “found an echo in her own feelings”（……引起了她的共鸣） “…struck a chord with his audience”（……引起了听众的共鸣） “A thunderous applause burst out from the audience.”（观众中爆发出雷鸣般的掌声） “The auditorium thundered with applause.”（礼堂里响起了雷鸣般的掌声） “Applause!”（掌声！） 例如： “A murmur of approval came from the crowd when the speaker finished his speech.”（演讲者结束演讲时，人群中传来一阵赞许的窃窃私语。） “The announcement was greeted with cries of joy.”（公告一宣布，人们欢呼雀跃。） “His inappropriate joke produced an awkward silence.”（他不合时宜的笑话引起了一阵尴尬的沉默。） “The speaker had obviously struck a chord with his audience.”（讲演者显然已引起了听众的共鸣。） “After the performance, a thunderous applause burst out from the audience.”（表演结束后，观众中爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。） （2） 一片寂静 相关表达有： “…be met with silence / …be followed by a very long silence, broken by…”（迎接……的是一阵沉默……随后是很长时间的沉默，接着沉默被……打破） “There was an embarrassed silence.”（一阵尴尬的沉默） “silence falls/descends (on/upon sth)”（沉默降临在……） 例如： “Her question was met with an uneasy silence.”（她的提问遭遇了一阵令人局促不安的冷场。） “There was an embarrassed silence after his self-introduction.”（他自我介绍后出现了一阵尴尬的沉默。） “A sudden silence fell over the room.”（突然整个房间静了下来。） “As the night deepened, silence descended upon the small village.”（随着夜色渐深，寂静降临在这个小村庄。） 综合演练： Have you ever had to overcome an extreme challenge in your life?     My teenage years had been insane. From schoolwork to athletics, I had always been running around. Everything was so difficult.     Throughout my hectic teenage years I have been faced with many extreme challenges that have required extreme focus and hard work to overcome. If it hadn’t been for hard work, none of these challenges that I faced would have been conquered.     Two years ago, when I was a freshman in high school, I dealt with an extremely significant injury. This took place in my tennis tournament in Januaty. In the climax of my match, I jolted my back to the left and soon after felt a sharp, painful shock run through my spine. I knew at that difficult moment I seriously injured my back. I was rushed off the court and my parents made an appointment with an orthopedist (矫形外科医生) for the next morning.     I walked into the office extremely nervous and suffering from excruciating pain. My tennis season for school started in three months and I absolutely needed to build up the strength.     After about twenty minutes of waiting in the office, which felt like an eternity, the doctor walked in to examine my X-rays. With a sorrowful face, the doctor looked into mine and my mother's eyes and said, There is a 50/50 chance that Lucas will be able to participate in this yearns tennis season. Lucas broke his L5 vertebrae in his lower back." My heart dropped and I felt a sadness come over me. The doctor said that I would be sitting out of physical activity for two and a half to three months.     Those three months were the longest three months of my life. I was so eager to get back to practices for the season.Every day, I would think about how it was going to be when I was fully healthy. I asked myself, "Am I going to be out of shape? Should I even play this year? I probably won't have a successful season. " From that dreadful day on, I decided that I was going to put in the work to be back in top form and have a successful season. Paragraph 1: After I got the "all clear" from my orthopedist l was going to get to work. ______________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2:   My hard work proved to be very effective.  ______________________________________________________________________________________ 翻译小练习： 1. 训练将在两个星期后开始，我决心重返赛场。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 我对成功的渴望使我甚至在赛季前一天就开始了两个小时的比赛和锻炼。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 通过练习，我会去健身房，努力增强受伤前的力量。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 我度过了我职业生涯中最成功的一个赛季。我进入了决赛。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 虽然我真的很想赢，但我知道能站在这个位置上对我来说是一个巨大的成就。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 这次受伤几乎是件好事，因为我向自己证明了我有能力实现我所追求的目标，当然是通过努力工作。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 那个赛季是我职业生涯中最有收获的一个赛季。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 8. 在赛季结束时，我觉得自己很有成就感。努力工作总有回报。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案： 1. 训练将在两个星期后开始，我决心重返赛场。 Practices were going to start in two weeks and I was determined to get back on the court. 2. 我对成功的渴望使我甚至在赛季前一天就开始了两个小时的比赛和锻炼。 My hunger for success made me play and work out for two hours even day before the season. 3. 通过练习，我会去健身房，努力增强受伤前的力量。 Through practices, I would hit the gym and try to build up the strength that I had before the injury. 4. 我度过了我职业生涯中最成功的一个赛季。我进入了决赛。 I had the most successful season of my career. I made it to the finals. 5. 虽然我真的很想赢，但我知道能站在这个位置上对我来说是一个巨大的成就。 Although I truly wanted to win, I knew that it was a great accomplishment for me to be in that position even not in the first place. 6. 这次受伤几乎是件好事，因为我向自己证明了我有能力实现我所追求的目标，当然是通过努力工作。 The injury was almost a good thing because I proved to myself that I am capable of achieving goals that I strive for, through hard work of course. 7. 那个赛季是我职业生涯中最有收获的一个赛季。 That season was by far the most rewarding season of my career. 8. 在赛季结束时，我觉得自己很有成就感。努力工作总有回报。 I felt so accomplished at the end of the season. Hard work always pays off. 参考范文： Paragraph 1:     After I got the "all clear'' from my orthopedist I was going to get to work. Practices were going to start in two weeks and I was determined to get back on the court. My hunger for success made me play and work out for two hours even day before the season. Through practices, I would hit the gym and try to build up the strength that I had before the injury. Paragraph 2:     My hard work proved to be very effective. I had the most successful season of my career. I made it to the finals. Although I truly wanted to win, I knew that it was a great accomplishment for me to be in that position even not in the first place. The injury was almost a good thing because I proved to myself that I am capable of achieving goals that I strive for, through hard work of course. That season was by far the most rewarding season of my career. I felt so accomplished at the end of the season. Hard work always pays off. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$