精品解析：湖南省岳阳市2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

岳阳市2025年高中教学质量监测试卷 高一英语 本试卷共12页，共67道小题，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、考号、姓名和座位号填写在答题卡指定位置。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，只交答题卡。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does Richard feel about the test? A. Nervous. B. Confident. C. Curious. 2. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Study hard. B. See a doctor. C. Find a part-time job. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Daily business. B. Buying a house. C. Going to the beach. 4. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Turn on a fan. B. Leave the office. C. Set off the alarm. 5. What does the man think of the woman? A. Caring. B. Responsible. C. Careless. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话和独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读2遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7小题。 6. Why is Jane working at the cafe? A. To earn some money. B. To gain work experience. C. To practice her spoken English. 7. What does the boy think of her sister? A. Tired. B. Happy. C. Sad. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10小题。 8. Whom will Mike go to the airport with? A. His father. B. His friend. C. His neighbor. 9. How will Mike go to the airport? A. By car. B. By taxi. C. By bus. 10. Why is Mike going to China? A. To visit his family. B. To go sightseeing. C. To take a business trip. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13小题。 11. What do we know about the woman's work experience? A She has worked as a waitress for 7 years. B. She has worked at several different restaurants. C. She is working in the dining room at Hill Hotel. 12. Why does the woman want to give up her present job? A. She can't work full time. B. It is too far from her house. C. She is unsatisfied with the salary. 13. When is the restaurant closed? A. On Thursdays. B. On Fridays. C. On Sundays. 听第9段材料，回答第14至 17小题。 14. How old is the girl now? A.12. B. 13. C. 15. 15. What is the rule of the competition? A. The story should be long. B. The story should include cats. C. The title of the story should be The City. 16. How long can the girl prepare for the story? A. About two weeks. B. About three weeks. C. About a month. 17. What is the man probably? A. A writer. B. A teacher. C. A club secretary. 听第10段材料，回答第 18至20小题。 18. What does the story told by the speaker mean? A. Humans are powerful. B. Language is created by God. C. Communication is very important. 19. What does the speaker regard foreign languages as? A. Knowledge. B. A tool. C. A skill. 20. How will the speaker teach? A. By making conversations. B. By telling stories. C. By written tests. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Helene Sula, a travel blogger who has been to dozens of festive markets, has shared her top four favourites not to miss this December on her website. Cologne, Germany The travel blogger said “Cologne’s market is breathtaking. The tall Gothic building makes the perfect setting for the festive lights.” According to Helene, “The market is large, with many food choices — be sure to try the potato pancakes and mulled wine. It's also great for families, with an ice-skating rink and carousel (旋转木马).” Heidelberg, Germany “You’ll feel strong Christmas atmosphere when walking through the beautiful historic old town, with the lit-up Heidelberg Castle overlooking the city,” commented the traveller. “The ice-skating rink and warm treats like sausages make this market feel cozy and magical.” Strasbourg France Helene commented, “Known as the Capital of Christmas, Strasbourg is one of the oldest and most beautiful Christmas markets in Europe.” “The whole city turns into a festive fairyland, with beautiful decorations.” Ribeauville, France According to Helene, this historic market offers a trip back in time to Christmas of years past. “The town feels like it's right out of a storybook, with medieval (中世纪的) music, costumes, and performances that take you back in time.” “It’s only open two weekends a year, so you have to plan!” 1. Which market is suitable for a family? A. Cologne. B. Strasbourg. C. Heidelberg. D. Ribeauville. 2. What do Heidelberg and Ribeauville have in common? A. Both are open two weekends a year. B. Both are known for ancient castles. C. Both provide a great historical Christmas atmosphere. D. Both offer a modern and commercial Christmas experience. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A poster. B. A blog post. C. A guidebook. D. A travel magazine. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。是一篇关于旅行博主Helene Sula分享她在12月最不容错过的四个节日市场的文章，分别介绍了德国的科隆、海德堡以及法国的斯特拉斯堡和里博维莱的节日市场特色。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Cologne, Germany部分的“It’s also great for families, with an ice-skating rink and carousel (旋转木马).( 这里还有适合家庭的活动，比如滑冰场和旋转木马)”可知，科隆的市场有溜冰场和旋转木马，适合家庭游玩，所以适合家庭的市场是科隆，故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Heidelberg, Germany部分的“You’ll feel strong Christmas atmosphere when walking through the beautiful historic old town(当你漫步在这座美丽的历史古镇时，你会感受到浓厚的圣诞氛围)”以及Ribeauville, France部分的“According to Helene, this historic market offers a trip back in time to Christmas of years past. “The town feels like it’s right out of a storybook, with medieval (中世纪的) music, costumes, and performances that take you back in time”(根据Helene的说法，这个具有历史意义的市场能让人仿佛回到过去的圣诞节。“这个镇子就像直接从故事书里走出来的一样，有着中世纪的音乐、服装和表演，带你穿越时空)”可知这个具有历史意义的市场能让人仿佛回到过去的圣诞节。“这个镇子就像直接从故事书里走出来的一样，有着中世纪的音乐、服装和表演，带你穿越时空，可推理出海德堡和里博维莱都能提供很棒的具有历史感的圣诞氛围，故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Helene Sula, a travel blogger who has been to dozens of festive markets, has shared her top four favourites not to miss this December on her website(Helene Sula是一位旅游博主，她去过很多节日集市，在她的网站上分享了今年12月不容错过的四个最爱的集市)”可知，博主Helene Sula去过很多节日集市，在她的网站上分享了今年12月不容错过的四个最爱的集市，可推理出这篇文章很可能是来自一篇博客文章，故选B项。 B Colin has completed the Dublin Marathon by pushing his friend in a wheelchair across the finish line. The 48-year-old actor ran the final 4 kilometres of the 42km race while pushing his friend Emma, who lives with a rare skin condition, to the end of the race. Back home in his native Ireland, Colin ran the marathon to raise money for DEBRA, an Irish charity supporting people who, like Emma, have the incurable genetic condition epidermolysis bullosa (EB) — also known as butterfly skin. Emma is Ireland’s oldest surviving person with the condition, and after reaching a milestone of turning 40 in June, she and Colin promise to complete the race together. According to the PA Media news agency, Emma was born with a severe form of the condition, as she was born with no skin on her left foot and right arm and can develop very painful blisters (水疱) from even the slightest touch. Colin told PA, ‌“I have known Emma for many years. That run was nothing compared to the pain she is forced to endure every single day, even though she doesn’t show it.” ‌“It was an honour to see her waiting for me with 4km to go, each of those representing a decade of her life, and to do the final stretch together. I’ll never forget it.” Also speaking to PA, Emma said, ‌“This was a dream come true for me and I want to thank Colin, who has been the best friend I could wish for.” ‌“He has always shown his empathy for people living with EB and is a true champion in my eyes. Running a marathon is never easy but once he committed to it there was no going back, he is a man of his word.” 4. Why did Colin take part in the marathon in his hometown? A. To push his friend to recover. B. To celebrate his friend’s 40th birthday. C. To contribute to fundraising for EB sufferers. D. To keep his promise to complete the Dublin Marathon. 5. What do you know about Emma’s condition from the passage? A. It is severe but curable. B. It only affects her skin. C. It is getting increasingly serious. D. It makes her suffer from a light touch. 6. How did Colin feel about Emma running the marathon? A. Worried. B. Curious. C. Confident. D. Nervous. 7. What does Emma think of Colin in the last paragraph? A. He is a reliable man. B. He is a good runner. C. He is a selfish friend. D. He is a born champion. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了48岁的演员科林推着患有罕见皮肤病的朋友艾玛跑完都柏林马拉松最后4公里，为支持EB患者的慈善机构筹款的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Back home in his native Ireland, Colin ran the marathon to raise money for DEBRA, an Irish charity supporting people who, like Emma, have the incurable genetic condition epidermolysis bullosa (EB) — also known as butterfly skin.(回到家乡爱尔兰，科林参加马拉松是为了给DEBRA筹款，这是一个爱尔兰慈善机构，支持像艾玛一样患有无法治愈的遗传性大疱性表皮松解症(EB)——也被称为蝴蝶皮肤的人)”可知，科林参加家乡的马拉松是为了给EB患者的慈善筹款做贡献。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“According to the PA Media news agency, Emma was born with a severe form of the condition, as she was born with no skin on her left foot and right arm and can develop very painful blisters (水疱) from even the slightest touch.(据PA媒体通讯社报道，艾玛天生患有严重的这种疾病，她出生时左脚和右臂就没有皮肤，即使最轻微的触碰也会产生非常疼痛的水疱)”可知，艾玛的病情让她因轻微触碰就痛苦不堪。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Colin told PA, ‘I have known Emma for many years. That run was nothing compared to the pain she is forced to endure every single day, even though she doesn’t show it.’(科林告诉PA：‘我认识艾玛很多年了。和她每天被迫忍受的痛苦相比，那次跑步算不了什么，尽管她没有表现出来。’)”可知，科林认为与每天被迫忍受的痛苦相比，艾玛参加的跑步算不了什么。由此推知，科林对艾玛跑完马拉松很有信心。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中艾玛的话“He has always shown his empathy for people living with EB and is a true champion in my eyes. Running a marathon is never easy but once he committed to it there was no going back, he is a man of his word.(他一直对患有EB的人表示同情，在我眼里他是真正的冠军。跑马拉松从来都不容易，但一旦他承诺了就不会回头，他是个信守诺言的人)”可知，艾玛认为科林是个可靠的人。故选A项。 C Kids have always pushed limits and asked things harmful to them. While kids explore parents’ “edges” of limits, parents are really struggling to do theirs, making the family system unbalanced and affecting mental health. Actually, an important basic rule has been forgotten in their life: boundaries (边界). The cost of not being able to set boundaries with kids has never been higher than before. Decades ago, it might be a small thing like an extra cupcake or staying out late. Now, it’s about unlimited TikTok use or too many video games instead of real-world activities. Parents are facing a problem—not only a problem of phones and social media, but also a problem of Sturdy Leadership. Sturdy Leadership is a way for parents to be in charge where they set rules and still keep a close relationship with their children. They do this by validating their child’s feelings while holding firm on what is best for everyone. Imagine a father just told his 12-year-old daughter “no” when she asked to have a party too late and she is understandably-annoyed with him about not getting what she wants. In this moment, Sturdy Leadership could look something like this: “I get that you’re upset, I really do. But one of my main jobs is to make decisions that l think are good for you, even when you’re upset with me.” Boundary setting—early and often—is important. When the day comes that our kids ask for a phone or for Instagram, our approach will not be different from the common “media policy” we have as parents; our approach will simply be an extended way we’ve always talked to our kids about what they want and ask for. While our kids will never thank us for changing our rules, they will, years later, very much benefit from our sturdiness and acts of protection. 8. Why does the author mention the example of kids in paragraph 1? A. To introduce the topic of the article. B. To present the background of the article. C. To explain the writing style of the article. D. To state the reasons for writing the article. 9. How does the author develop paragraph 2? A. By stating facts. B. By listing causes. C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons. 10. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “validating” in paragraph 3? A. Supporting. B. Recognizing. C. Ignoring. D. Challenging. 11. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the article? A. To discuss the benefits of boundary setting. B. To call on parents to set boundaries for their children. C. To stress the negative effects of phones and social media. D. To explain the importance of setting “media policy” for kids. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了在养育孩子的过程中设立边界的重要性，以及如何通过坚实的领导力来维护边界。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Kids have always pushed limits and asked things harmful to them. While kids explore parents’ “edges” of limits, parents are really struggling to do theirs, making the family system unbalanced and affecting mental health. Actually, an important basic rule has been forgotten in their life: boundaries (边界).(当孩子们在探索父母的“界限”时，父母在设立他们的界限时真的很挣扎，这使得家庭系统失衡，影响了心理健康。事实上，他们的生活中已经忘记了一个重要的基本规则：界限)”可知，作者在第一段中提到孩子的例子是为了介绍文章的主题：父母要给孩子设定界限。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Decades ago, it might be a small thing like an extra cupcake or staying out late. Now, it’s about unlimited TikTok use or too many video games instead of real-world activities.(几十年前，这可能是一件小事，比如额外的蛋糕或晚归。现在，这是关于无限制使用抖音或玩太多电子游戏，而不是现实世界的活动)”可知，作者通过对比几十年前和现在孩子们提出的要求来阐述问题，以此方式展开第二段，故选D。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句子“Sturdy Leadership is a way for parents to be in charge where they set rules and still keep a close relationship with their children. They do this by validating their child’s feelings while holding firm on what is best for everyone.(坚强的领导是一种让父母掌握主动权的方式，他们在制定规则的同时，与孩子保持密切的关系。他们这样做是通过validating孩子的感受，同时坚守对所有人最好的事情)”可推测出，与孩子保持密切的关系，是对孩子感受的认可。所以“validating”一词意思接近于“recognizing(认可)”。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Boundary setting — early and often — is important. When the day comes that our kids ask for a phone or for Instagram, our approach will not be different from the common “media policy” we have as parents; our approach will simply be an extended way we’ve always talked to our kids about what they want and ask for. While our kids will never thank us for changing our rules, they will, years later, very much benefit from our sturdiness and acts of protection.(尽早且经常地设定界限是很重要的。当有一天我们的孩子要求使用手机或照片墙时，我们的做法将与我们作为父母的常见“媒体政策”没有什么不同；我们的方法将简单地扩展我们一直与孩子们谈论他们想要什么和要求什么的方式。虽然我们的孩子永远不会感谢我们改变了我们的规则，但多年以后，他们会从我们的坚强和保护行为中受益匪浅)”可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是呼吁家长为孩子设立界限。故选B。 D Plants are much more active than you might think. Even though they don’t look like they are moving, plants weave and jiggle. Sunflowers planted in a field do a complex “dance” that maximizes (使最大化) the amount of sunlight each plant gets and allows them all to grow better. Scientists from Tel Aviv University in Israel have discovered how sunflowers work together so that their leaves move out of the shadows of their neighbors. All plants move as they grow and reach up towards the light. However, researchers have found that random (随机的) movements of individual parts can unexpectedly lead to regular ordered patterns. In 2017, researchers at the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina found out that when sunflowers are planted really close together, they naturally grow in a zigzag shape. This helps them avoid blocking each other’s sunlight, so each plant gets as much light as possible. Nature has many examples where randomly-acting individual parts create self-organized systems, such as honeybees that collectively build nests, or ants finding the shortest route to food. With the latest study on plants, instead of looking at fields of sunflowers, Professor Yasmine Meroz and her team grew them in a laboratory and filmed them to see if random movements could create the ordered patterns seen in plantation. The team believes that the looping (环状的) and jagged (锯齿状的) movements help the plants explore their surroundings and find a way that benefits their growth. “It’s somewhat like a crowded dance party, where individuals move around to create more space,” said Meroz. “If they move too much, they might get in the way of the other dancers, but if they move too little, the crowding problem won’t be solved, leaving one corner of the square overcrowded and the other empty.” The team hopes the research about sunflowers will give people a deeper understanding of how plants behave and will allow farmers to come up with new planting strategies in the future. 12. Why do sunflowers do a complex “dance”? A. To get equal sunlight. B. To work together with their neighbors. C. To remove their leaves from the shadows. D. To secure enough sunlight for better growth. 13. What did the research show in paragraph 2? A. Plants all move and reach up towards the light. B. Sunflowers planted close block each other’s sunlight. C. Random individual action may result in ordered pattern. D. Regular movements can unexpectedly form random systems. 14. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Plants move in a way to gain space. B. Plants explore a better way to grow through movements. C. The growth of plants can largely affect how they behave. D. The research can provide farmers with new planting strategies. 15. Which of the following can be the best title of the article? A. Sunflowers: teaming up to share sunlight. B. Plants: creating self-organized patterns. C. Irregular movements: creating ordered patterns. D. Clever nature: possessing intelligent creatures. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了向日葵通过合作来一起分享阳光。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sunflowers planted in a field do a complex “dance“ that maximizes (使最大化) the amount of sunlight each plant gets and allows them all to grow better. (种在地里的向日葵会做复杂的“舞蹈”，最大限度地提高每株植物获得的阳光量，使它们都能更好地生长)”可知，向日葵进行复杂的“舞蹈”是为了确保足够的阳光以改善增长。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, researchers have found that random (随机的) movements of individual parts can unexpectedly lead to regular ordered patterns.(但是，研究人员发现，个体的随机运动会出乎意料地导致常规的有序模式)”可知，第二段的研表明随机的单个行动可能导致有序模式。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The team believes that the looping (环状的) and jagged (锯齿状的) movements help the plants explore their surroundings and find a way that benefits their growth(团队认为，环状的和锯齿状的运动有助于植物探索周围的环境，并找到一种使他们的成长有益的方法)”可知，植物通过运动探索更好的生长方法。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Sunflowers planted in a field do a complex “dance” that maximizes (使最大化) the amount of sunlight each plant gets and allows them all to grow better. Scientists from Tel Aviv University in Israel have discovered how sunflowers work together so that their leaves move out of the shadows of their neighbors.(种植在田野中的向日葵做一个复杂的“舞蹈”，使每种植物获得的阳光量最大化，并使它们都能更好地生长。来自以色列特拉维夫大学的科学家发现了向日葵如何一起工作，以使它们的叶子从邻居的阴影中移出。)”可知，文章主要讲述了向日葵通过合作来一起分享阳光。A项“向日葵：合作分享阳光。”适合作文章标题。故选A。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We’ve been talking about the topic of extrovert (外向者) and introvert (内向者) for a long time. Usually, people prefer to be extroverts. From a young age, many of us learn the benefits of being an extrovert — those individuals are cheerful and charming, who always seem to be able to express their opinions easily. However, this is not the case for everyone. ___16___ Actually, we are taught to admire these characters early on and are often encouraged to play and communicate with other kids. Children are made to be more outgoing, ___17___ Although they may seem to enjoy the company of others, they may still get very tired in busy social situations. ___18___ Extroverts count on social interaction, while introverts are more comfortable with staying alone. They can concentrate better and are less likely to be disturbed by external environment. These allow them to dig deeper into their studies or work, ____19____ A study shows extreme loneliness does not affect introverts as much as extroverts. Lack of social contact may lead to extroverts being depressed and lonely. But it’s not just in an extreme situation that the advantages of being an introvert shine through. These people seem to have more time for reflection and thus can become more balanced. ___20___ And, they think before they speak. Finally, introverts are often fantastic observers, as sitting out of the focus can give you more time to watch the behaviour of others. So, whatever your personality, either introvert or extrovert, there are clear advantages to being either, and if you meet an introvert, you might just end up with an amazing friend. A. They also tend to be good listeners. B. So is being an extrovert really better? C. They usually like reading and drawing. D. with some people becoming fake extroverts. E. Then how about the benefits of being an introvert? F. achieving higher levels of understanding and creativity. G. In this way, we are more likely to build good relationships with others. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. E 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讨论了外向者和内向者的特点及其优势。文章指出，尽管社会通常更倾向于外向者，但内向者也有其独特的优势，尤其是在深度思考和创造力方面。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Usually, people prefer to be extroverts. From a young age, many of us learn the benefits of being an extrovert — those individuals are cheerful and charming, who always seem to be able to express their opinions easily. However, this is not the case for everyone.(通常，人们更喜欢外向。从很小的时候起，我们中的许多人就了解到了外向的好处——这些人是开朗迷人的，他们似乎总是能够轻松地表达自己的观点。然而，并非所有人都是如此)”可知，上文介绍了外向者的优点，但是作者认为并不是每个人都是这样的，也有内向的人，下文应该介绍作者会质疑外向更好的想法，B项“So is being an extrovert really better?(那么外向真的更好吗？)”承上启下，符合语境，故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Actually, we are taught to admire these characters early on and are often encouraged to play and communicate with other kids. Children are made to be more outgoing(事实上，我们从小就被教导要欣赏这些角色，并经常被鼓励与其他孩子一起玩耍和交流。孩子们变得更加外向)”可知，上文说的是很多孩子是被教导而显得外向，这种外向只是一种表象，D项“with some people becoming fake extroverts.(有些人变成了假外向的人)”说明了一种情况，即有些孩子为了迎合大人的期望而假装外向，符合语境，故选D项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Extroverts count on social interaction, while introverts are more comfortable with staying alone.(外向者依赖于社交互动，而内向者则更喜欢独处)”可知，本段在比较外向者和内向者的不同之处，E项“Then how about the benefits of being an introvert?(那么内向有什么好处呢？)”引出下文关于内向者的讨论，符合语境，故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“These allow them to dig deeper into their studies or work(这些让他们更深入地学习或工作)”可知，本句承接上文，进一步说明内向者的优势，F项“achieving higher levels of understanding and creativity.(达到更高的理解和创造力水平)”说明了内向者的优势，符合语境，故选F项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“And, they think before they speak. Finally, introverts are often fantastic observers, as sitting out of the focus can give you more time to watch the behaviour of others.(他们会在说话之前思考。最后，内向者通常是很棒的观察者，因为坐在焦点之外可以让你有更多的时间观察他人的行为)”可知，本段主要介绍内向者的其他优点，A项“They also tend to be good listeners.(他们也往往是很好的倾听者)”引出下文对内向者其他优点的介绍，符合语境。故选A项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 As Nicole and Mathan drove their family of four back home to Fargo, North Dakota, after visiting their Grandpa Mike in Texas, they had two tearful little kids in the back. Why? Well, during the ___21___, they fell in love with a homeless dog that walked by aimlessly — and kept coming back. At first, Nicole told the kids to be cautious and not to ___22___ him. But he was just so ___23___ to the kids and later he won the family over. Together, the family took the dog home, giving him a bath, some food and even a name: Country. In the backyard, the lively kids and Country ___24___ a delightful play time. The kids were running around in circles, laughing with joy, while the dog ___25___ them with its tail wagging with pleasure. Their laughter and the dog’s excited barks filled the air, creating a happy ___26___. With each passing day, the kids grew more ___27___ to Country. So when it was time to leave, the kids burst into floods of ___28___. Little did they know, their Grandpa Mike was ___29___ a Christmas plan. Because when he saw how the dog was around the kids, he knew Country was ___30___ for them. So Mike decided to ___31___ his grandkids on Christmas morning by ___32___ Country more than 1,200 miles from Texas to North Dakota. “I wanted to make them happy,” he said. The kids were full of ___33___ to see Country again, especially when they learned he was theirs to ___34___. So for Christmas, the family gave Country a forever home, and he gave the family their best Christmas ___35___. 21. A. festival B. exploration C. visit D. adventure 22. A. attack B. ignore C. admire D. touch 23. A. pleasant B. familiar C. similar D. rude 24. A. took B. performed C. caught D. shared 25. A. bit B. followed C. greeted D. found 26. A. scene B. event C. activity D. ending 27. A. responsible B. generous C. attached D. devoted 28. A. sweat B. tears C. laughter D. anger 29. A. counting on B. cooking up C. bringing out D. showing off 30. A. useful B. fancy C. typical D. special 31. A. calm B. award C. surprise D. inspire 32. A. driving B. renting C. recovering D. gathering 33. A. confidence B. satisfaction C. anxiety D. excitement 34. A. stay B. collect C. keep D. approach 35. A. effort B. gift C. option D. tradition 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Nicole和Mathan一家在探望爷爷后回家的路上遇到了一只流浪狗Country，并与之建立了深厚的感情。当要离开时，孩子们很难过，但爷爷Mike为了让他们高兴，决定把Country从德克萨斯州开车送到北达科他州作为圣诞惊喜送给他们。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在拜访期间，他们爱上了一只漫无目的地走来走去又不断回来的流浪狗。A. festival节日；B. exploration探索；C. visit拜访；D. adventure冒险。根据第一段的“after visiting their Grandpa Mike in Texas”可知，此处指“在拜访期间”。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，Nicole让孩子们小心，不要碰它。A. attack攻击；B. ignore忽视；C. admire钦佩；D. touch触摸。根据前文的“a homeless dog”可知，既然是流浪狗，那么Nicole让孩子们不要碰这只狗。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它对孩子们很友好，后来它赢得了全家人的喜爱。A. pleasant令人愉快的，友好的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. similar相似的；D. rude粗鲁的。根据后文的“and later he won the family over”可知，这只狗对孩子们很友好。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在后院，活泼的孩子们和Country度过了一段愉快的玩耍时间。A. took带走；B. performed表演；C. caught抓住；D. shared分享。根据前文的“Together, the family took the dog home, giving him a bath, some food and even a name: Country. In the backyard, the lively kids and Country”以及后文的“a delightful play time.”可知，这家人和这只狗相处地很好，所以他们一起度过了一段愉快的玩耍时间，此处指孩子们和这只狗在后院分享了一段愉快的玩耍时间。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们绕着圈跑来跑去，开心地笑着，而狗则摇着尾巴快乐地跟着他们。A. bit咬；B. followed跟随；C. greeted问候；D. found发现。根据后文的“them with its tail wagging with pleasure”可知，狗摇着尾巴快乐地跟着孩子们。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的笑声和狗的兴奋的叫声充满了空气，创造了一个快乐的场景。A. scene场景；B. event事件；C. activity活动；D. ending结局。根据前文的“Their laughter and the dog's excited barks filled the air”可知，孩子们的笑声和狗的叫声创造了一个快乐的场景。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，孩子们对Country越来越依恋。A. responsible负责的；B. generous慷慨的；C. attached依恋的；D. devoted忠实的。根据前文的“Their laughter and the dog’s excited barks filled the air”可知，孩子们和Country玩地很好，随着时间的推移，孩子们对这只狗越来越依恋。be attached to依恋于，固定短语。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以当离开的时候，孩子们突然泪流满面。A. sweat汗水；B. tears泪水；C. laughter笑声；D. anger愤怒。根据前文的“Their laughter and the dog’s excited barks filled the air”以及“So when it was time to leave”可知，孩子们和Country玩地很好，以至于要分开时，孩子们泪流满面。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们不知道的是，他们的爷爷Mike正在筹划一个圣诞计划。A. counting on依靠；B. cooking up筹划；C. bringing out出版；D. showing off炫耀。根据后文的“a Christmas plan”可知，此处指Mike爷爷正在筹划一个圣诞计划。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为当他看到这只狗在孩子们身边时，他知道Country对他们来说是特别的。A. useful有用的；B. fancy时髦的；C. typical典型的；D. special特别的。根据后文的“So Mike decided to __11__ his grandkids on Christmas morning by __12__Country more than 1,200 miles from Texas to North Dakota.”可知，既然Mike爷爷把这只狗从德克萨斯州开车送到北达科他州送给孩子们可知，说明Mike爷爷认为这只狗对孩子们来说是特别的。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以Mike决定在圣诞节的早上给孙子们一个惊喜，把Country从德克萨斯州开到1200多英里外的北达科他州。A. calm使平静；B. award授予；C. surprise使惊讶；D. inspire鼓舞。根据后文的Mike爷爷的话“I wanted to make them happy”可知，Mike爷爷想让孩子们开心，所以此处指Mike爷爷想给孙子们一个惊喜。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以Mike决定在圣诞节的早上给孙子们一个惊喜，把Country从德克萨斯州开到1200多英里外的北达科他州。A. driving开车；B. renting租用；C. recovering恢复；D. gathering聚集。根据后文的“more than 1,200 miles from Texas to North Dakota”可知，此处指Mike爷爷开车把Country从德克萨斯州送到北达科他州。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们再次见到Country时，他们充满了兴奋，尤其是当他们得知Country是属于他们的时候。A. confidence信心；B. satisfaction满意；C. anxiety焦虑；D. excitement兴奋。根据前文的“So Mike decided to__11__his grandkids on Christmas morning”可知，Mike想要把Country送到孩子们的家，这对孩子们来说是一个惊喜，所以孩子们再次见到这只狗时很兴奋。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们再次见到Country时，他们充满了兴奋，尤其是当他们得知Country是属于他们的时候。A. stay停留；B. collect收集；C. keep供养；D. approach靠近。根据后文的“the family gave Country a forever home”可知，此处指这只狗现在是属于孩子们的，他们可以养这只狗。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以圣诞节那天，这家人给了Country一个永远的家，而Country给了这家人最好的圣诞礼物。A. effort努力；B. gift礼物；C. option选择；D. tradition传统。根据前文的“So for Christmas, the family gave Country a forever home, and he gave the family their best Christmas”可知，这只狗到了这家后，他的到来给了孩子们最好的圣诞礼物。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Welcome to senior high school! Today is the start of a new term, ____36____ is the start of a three-year journey and the start of a promising future. I can’t wait ____37____ (describe) to you what senior high school life is like. The path before you leads to a world full of challenges: a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of thinking. ____38____ , for those of you with a positive mind, opportunity lies in each challenge. Most importantly, your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential. “What is potential?”. Put ____39____ (simple), potential is your natural ability that can ____40____ (develop) when you try hard enough. The ____41____ (possibility) are endless, and I have confidence in your ability to make ____42____ difference to your family, to your community and to your country. To fully realize your potential, it is important for you to make the most ____43____ our school resources. Of equal importance ____44____ (be) good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. Last but not least, always look on the bright side and never lose hope, even in difficult situations. In time you will find yourself _____45_____ (grow) into a well-rounded individual. 【答案】36. which 37. to describe 38. However 39. simply 40. be developed 41. possibilities 42. a 43. of 44. are 45. growing 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了高中生活的情况以及如何度过高中生活。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：今天是新学期的开始，也是三年旅程的开始和一个充满希望的未来的开始。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子的内容，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，因此应用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我迫不及待地想向你们描述高中的生活是什么样的。can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事，为固定短语。故填to describe。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，对于那些心态积极的人来说，每个挑战中都有机会。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应填入副词however表转折。首字母大写。故填However。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：简单地说，潜力是你天生的能力，只要你足够努力，就可以开发出来。修饰动词put应用副词simply作状语，put simply (简单地说)。故填simply。 【40题详解】 考查语态。句意：简单地说，潜力是你天生的能力，只要你足够努力，就可以开发出来。定语从句主语that指代先行词ability与从句谓语动词develop为被动关系，且置于情态动词can之后，该空动词原形形式。故填be developed。 【41题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：可能性是无穷无尽的，我对你们能够为你们的家庭、社区和国家作出改变充满信心。根据are可知，这里的可数名词possibility应使用复数形式作主语。故填possibilities。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：可能性是无穷无尽的，我对你们能够为你们的家庭、社区和国家作出改变充满信心。make a difference to...是固定搭配，意为“对……产生不同的影响”。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：为了充分发挥你的潜力，充分利用我们学校的资源是很重要的。make the most of，意为“尽量利用、充分利用”。故填of。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度同样重要。分析句子结构可知，本句在陈述事实，为一般现在时，且本句为完全倒装句。本句主语为good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude，为复数，因此谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，你将发现自己成长为一个全面发展的人。此处为find+宾语+宾补结构，且宾语grow与yourself为逻辑主动关系，因此应用现在分词形式作宾补。故填growing。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike最近因体重超标而感到焦虑。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.你的看法；2.你的建议。 注意： (1)写作词数应80词左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mike, I understand your anxiety about your weight, but don’t worry too much. Health is more important than a certain number on the scale. Actually, losing weight is a gradual process, and you should stay patient throughout it. Here are my suggestions. First, have a balanced diet with more fruits and vegetables, which can provide essential nutrients while keeping calorie intake in check. Second, do regular exercise like running or cycling. Also, get enough sleep as it helps regulate hormones related to appetite and metabolism. I’m always here for you Take it easy! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国笔友Mike写一封邮件。需针对Mike因体重超标而焦虑这一情况，表达自己的看法并给出相关建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 事实上：actually → in fact 逐渐的：gradual → progressive 应该：should → be supposed to 调节：regulate → adjust 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Health is more important than a certain number on the scale. 拓展句：What we should bear in mind is that health is more important than a certain number on the scale. 【点睛】[高分句型 1] First, have a balanced diet with more fruits and vegetables, which can provide essential nutrients while keeping calorie intake in check. (运用了关系代词which引导的非限定性定语从句) [高分句型 2] Also, get enough sleep as it helps regulate hormones related to appetite and metabolism. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A weak old man went to live with his son, daughter-in-law and four-year-old grandson. The old man's hands shook, his vision was not clear, and he walked unsteadily. He took tiny, hesitant steps as if every movement was a great effort for him. The family ate together at the table, but the elderly grandfather's shaky hands and failing sight made eating difficult, peas rolling off his spoon onto the floor. When he held the glass, milk spilled (洒落) on the tablecloth. When the milk was mixed with the food that dropped out of the bowl, the whole dining area was in a mess. The son and daughter-in-law became angry with the mess. The old man opened his mouth to speak, but only an apology came out, looking small and helpless. "We must do something about grandfather." said the daughter-in-law, "I've had enough of his spilled milk, noisy eating and food on the floor." So, the husband and wife set a small table in the corner, where the old man ate alone while the rest of the family enjoyed dinner in the dining room. Since the old man had broken a dish or two, his food was served in a wooden bowl. The four-year-old son watched it all in silence. Sometimes, when the family glanced in the grandfather's direction, he had tears in his eyes as he ate alone. When he dropped a fork or spilled food, he began to apologize immediately, but his voice was blanketed by the non-stop scolding from the husband and wife. Still the only words the couple had for him were sharp warnings. The room was filled with an uncomfortable atmosphere. The four-year-old son watched it all in silence. One evening before supper, the father noticed his son playing with a wooden bowl on the floor. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Although no word was spoken, both of them knew what must be done. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One evening before supper, the father noticed his son playing with a wooden bowl on the floor. Confused and curious, he asked the child sweetly: “Sweetie, why are you playing with a wooden bowl?” Raising his naive eyes, just as sweetly the boy responded: "oh, I am preparing a little bowl for you to eat your food in when I grow up. That corner is perfect for you" The four-year-old smiled and gave the bowl to the father. Silence blanketed the whole room. The words so struck the parents that they were speechless, as if rooted on the ground, numb and blank. Although no word was spoken, both of them knew what must be done. Rising from the floor, the husband came forward to the old grandfather, and gently led him back to the family table. A warm current welled up in the old man's heart, tears filling his eyes. For the remaining of his days, he ate every meal with the family. Neither the husband nor the wife seemed to care any longer when a fork was dropped, milk spilled or tablecloth soiled(弄脏). Seeing the families sitting together harmoniously, the couple gradually realized that love and tolerance mattered in a family. 【解析】 【导语】本文以家庭关系为线索展开，讲述了一位老人因身体原因在生活上给儿子儿媳带来不便，儿子儿媳对他态度不好，让他独自在角落吃饭，用木碗盛食物，而这一切被四岁的孙子看在眼里，孙子的行为最终让儿子儿媳意识到自己的错误。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容 “一天晚饭前，父亲注意到儿子在地板上玩一个木碗。” 可知，第一段可描写父亲对儿子玩木碗行为的询问，以及儿子天真的回答，这个回答对父母产生极大触动。 ②由第二段首句内容 “虽然两人都没说话，但他们都知道该做什么。” 可知，第二段可描写儿子儿媳认识到错误后，对老人态度的转变，以及一家人关系的改善。 2.续写线索： 父亲发现儿子玩木碗 —— 询问儿子 —— 儿子回答要给父亲准备木碗在角落吃饭 —— 父母震惊无言—— 儿子儿媳意识到错误 —— 带老人回到餐桌 —— 老人感动 —— 一家人和谐相处 —— 父母感悟 3.词汇激活： 行为类： ①询问：ask /inquire ②回答：respond /reply ③意识到：realize /be aware of 情绪类： ①困惑：confused /puzzled ②感动的：moved /touched 【点睛】[高分句型1] Confused and curious, he asked the child sweetly: “Sweetie, why are you playing with a wooden bowl?”（使用了形容词短语作状语） [高分句型2] Although no word was spoken, both of them knew what must be done.（使用了although引导的让步状语从句） 听力1-5AABBC 6-10CBBCC 11-15BACAC 16-20ABCBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 岳阳市2025年高中教学质量监测试卷 高一英语 本试卷共12页，共67道小题，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、考号、姓名和座位号填写在答题卡指定位置。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，只交答题卡。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does Richard feel about the test? A. Nervous. B. Confident. C. Curious. 2. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Study hard. B. See a doctor. C. Find a part-time job. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Daily business. B. Buying a house. C. Going to the beach. 4. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Turn on a fan. B. Leave the office. C. Set off the alarm. 5. What does the man think of the woman? A. Caring. B. Responsible. C. Careless. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话和独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读2遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7小题。 6. Why is Jane working at the cafe? A. To earn some money. B. To gain work experience. C. To practice her spoken English. 7. What does the boy think of her sister? A. Tired. B. Happy. C. Sad. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10小题。 8. Whom will Mike go to the airport with? A. His father. B. His friend. C. His neighbor. 9 How will Mike go to the airport? A. By car. B. By taxi. C. By bus. 10. Why is Mike going to China? A. To visit his family. B. To go sightseeing. C. To take a business trip. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13小题。 11 What do we know about the woman's work experience? A. She has worked as a waitress for 7 years. B. She has worked at several different restaurants. C. She is working in the dining room at Hill Hotel. 12. Why does the woman want to give up her present job? A. She can't work full time. B. It is too far from her house. C. She is unsatisfied with the salary. 13. When is the restaurant closed? A. On Thursdays. B. On Fridays. C. On Sundays. 听第9段材料，回答第14至 17小题。 14. How old is the girl now? A.12. B. 13. C. 15. 15. What is the rule of the competition? A. The story should be long. B. The story should include cats. C. The title of the story should be The City. 16. How long can the girl prepare for the story? A. About two weeks. B. About three weeks. C. About a month. 17. What is the man probably? A. A writer. B. A teacher. C. A club secretary. 听第10段材料，回答第 18至20小题。 18. What does the story told by the speaker mean? A. Humans are powerful. B. Language is created by God. C. Communication is very important. 19. What does the speaker regard foreign languages as? A. Knowledge. B. A tool. C. A skill. 20. How will the speaker teach? A. By making conversations. B. By telling stories. C. By written tests. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Helene Sula, a travel blogger who has been to dozens of festive markets, has shared her top four favourites not to miss this December on her website. Cologne, Germany The travel blogger said “Cologne’s market is breathtaking. The tall Gothic building makes the perfect setting for the festive lights.” According to Helene, “The market is large, with many food choices — be sure to try the potato pancakes and mulled wine. It's also great for families, with an ice-skating rink and carousel (旋转木马).” Heidelberg, Germany “You’ll feel strong Christmas atmosphere when walking through the beautiful historic old town, with the lit-up Heidelberg Castle overlooking the city,” commented the traveller. “The ice-skating rink and warm treats like sausages make this market feel cozy and magical.” Strasbourg, France Helene commented “Known as the Capital of Christmas, Strasbourg is one of the oldest and most beautiful Christmas markets in Europe.” “The whole city turns into a festive fairyland, with beautiful decorations.” Ribeauville, France According to Helene, this historic market offers a trip back in time to Christmas of years past. “The town feels like it's right out of a storybook, with medieval (中世纪的) music, costumes, and performances that take you back in time.” “It’s only open two weekends a year, so you have to plan!” 1. Which market is suitable for a family? A Cologne. B. Strasbourg. C. Heidelberg. D. Ribeauville. 2. What do Heidelberg and Ribeauville have in common? A. Both are open two weekends a year. B. Both are known for ancient castles. C. Both provide a great historical Christmas atmosphere. D. Both offer a modern and commercial Christmas experience. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A poster. B. A blog post. C. A guidebook. D. A travel magazine. B Colin has completed the Dublin Marathon by pushing his friend in a wheelchair across the finish line. The 48-year-old actor ran the final 4 kilometres of the 42km race while pushing his friend Emma, who lives with a rare skin condition, to the end of the race. Back home in his native Ireland, Colin ran the marathon to raise money for DEBRA, an Irish charity supporting people who, like Emma, have the incurable genetic condition epidermolysis bullosa (EB) — also known as butterfly skin. Emma is Ireland’s oldest surviving person with the condition, and after reaching a milestone of turning 40 in June, she and Colin promise to complete the race together. According to the PA Media news agency, Emma was born with a severe form of the condition, as she was born with no skin on her left foot and right arm and can develop very painful blisters (水疱) from even the slightest touch. Colin told PA, ‌“I have known Emma for many years. That run was nothing compared to the pain she is forced to endure every single day, even though she doesn’t show it.” ‌“It was an honour to see her waiting for me with 4km to go, each of those representing a decade of her life, and to do the final stretch together. I’ll never forget it.” Also speaking to PA, Emma said, ‌“This was a dream come true for me and I want to thank Colin, who has been the best friend I could wish for.” ‌“He has always shown his empathy for people living with EB and is a true champion in my eyes. Running a marathon is never easy but once he committed to it there was no going back, he is a man of his word.” 4. Why did Colin take part in the marathon in his hometown? A. To push his friend to recover. B. To celebrate his friend’s 40th birthday. C. To contribute to fundraising for EB sufferers. D. To keep his promise to complete the Dublin Marathon. 5. What do you know about Emma’s condition from the passage? A. It is severe but curable. B. It only affects her skin. C. It is getting increasingly serious. D. It makes her suffer from a light touch. 6. How did Colin feel about Emma running the marathon? A. Worried. B. Curious. C. Confident. D. Nervous. 7. What does Emma think of Colin in the last paragraph? A. He is a reliable man. B. He is a good runner. C. He is a selfish friend. D. He is a born champion. C Kids have always pushed limits and asked things harmful to them. While kids explore parents’ “edges” of limits, parents are really struggling to do theirs, making the family system unbalanced and affecting mental health. Actually, an important basic rule has been forgotten in their life: boundaries (边界). The cost of not being able to set boundaries with kids has never been higher than before. Decades ago, it might be a small thing like an extra cupcake or staying out late. Now, it’s about unlimited TikTok use or too many video games instead of real-world activities. Parents are facing a problem—not only a problem of phones and social media, but also a problem of Sturdy Leadership. Sturdy Leadership is a way for parents to be in charge where they set rules and still keep a close relationship with their children. They do this by validating their child’s feelings while holding firm on what is best for everyone. Imagine a father just told his 12-year-old daughter “no” when she asked to have a party too late and she is understandably-annoyed with him about not getting what she wants. In this moment, Sturdy Leadership could look something like this: “I get that you’re upset, I really do. But one of my main jobs is to make decisions that l think are good for you, even when you’re upset with me.” Boundary setting—early and often—is important. When the day comes that our kids ask for a phone or for Instagram, our approach will not be different from the common “media policy” we have as parents; our approach will simply be an extended way we’ve always talked to our kids about what they want and ask for. While our kids will never thank us for changing our rules, they will, years later, very much benefit from our sturdiness and acts of protection. 8. Why does the author mention the example of kids in paragraph 1? A. To introduce the topic of the article. B. To present the background of the article. C. To explain the writing style of the article. D. To state the reasons for writing the article. 9. How does the author develop paragraph 2? A. By stating facts. B. By listing causes. C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons. 10. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “validating” in paragraph 3? A. Supporting. B. Recognizing. C. Ignoring. D. Challenging. 11. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the article? A. To discuss the benefits of boundary setting. B. To call on parents to set boundaries for their children. C. To stress the negative effects of phones and social media. D. To explain the importance of setting “media policy” for kids. D Plants are much more active than you might think. Even though they don’t look like they are moving, plants weave and jiggle. Sunflowers planted in a field do a complex “dance” that maximizes (使最大化) the amount of sunlight each plant gets and allows them all to grow better. Scientists from Tel Aviv University in Israel have discovered how sunflowers work together so that their leaves move out of the shadows of their neighbors. All plants move as they grow and reach up towards the light. However, researchers have found that random (随机的) movements of individual parts can unexpectedly lead to regular ordered patterns. In 2017, researchers at the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina found out that when sunflowers are planted really close together, they naturally grow in a zigzag shape. This helps them avoid blocking each other’s sunlight, so each plant gets as much light as possible. Nature has many examples where randomly-acting individual parts create self-organized systems, such as honeybees that collectively build nests, or ants finding the shortest route to food. With the latest study on plants, instead of looking at fields of sunflowers, Professor Yasmine Meroz and her team grew them in a laboratory and filmed them to see if random movements could create the ordered patterns seen in plantation. The team believes that the looping (环状的) and jagged (锯齿状的) movements help the plants explore their surroundings and find a way that benefits their growth. “It’s somewhat like a crowded dance party, where individuals move around to create more space,” said Meroz. “If they move too much, they might get in the way of the other dancers, but if they move too little, the crowding problem won’t be solved, leaving one corner of the square overcrowded and the other empty.” The team hopes the research about sunflowers will give people a deeper understanding of how plants behave and will allow farmers to come up with new planting strategies in the future. 12. Why do sunflowers do a complex “dance”? A. To get equal sunlight. B. To work together with their neighbors. C. To remove their leaves from the shadows. D. To secure enough sunlight for better growth. 13. What did the research show in paragraph 2? A. Plants all move and reach up towards the light. B. Sunflowers planted close block each other’s sunlight. C. Random individual action may result in ordered pattern. D. Regular movements can unexpectedly form random systems. 14. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Plants move in a way to gain space. B. Plants explore a better way to grow through movements. C. The growth of plants can largely affect how they behave. D. The research can provide farmers with new planting strategies. 15. Which of the following can be the best title of the article? A. Sunflowers: teaming up to share sunlight. B. Plants: creating self-organized patterns. C. Irregular movements: creating ordered patterns. D. Clever nature: possessing intelligent creatures. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We’ve been talking about the topic of extrovert (外向者) and introvert (内向者) for a long time. Usually, people prefer to be extroverts. From a young age, many of us learn the benefits of being an extrovert — those individuals are cheerful and charming, who always seem to be able to express their opinions easily. However, this is not the case for everyone. ___16___ Actually, we are taught to admire these characters early on and are often encouraged to play and communicate with other kids. Children are made to be more outgoing, ___17___ Although they may seem to enjoy the company of others, they may still get very tired in busy social situations. ___18___ Extroverts count on social interaction, while introverts are more comfortable with staying alone. They can concentrate better and are less likely to be disturbed by external environment. These allow them to dig deeper into their studies or work, ____19____ A study shows extreme loneliness does not affect introverts as much as extroverts. Lack of social contact may lead to extroverts being depressed and lonely. But it’s not just in an extreme situation that the advantages of being an introvert shine through. These people seem to have more time for reflection and thus can become more balanced. ___20___ And, they think before they speak. Finally, introverts are often fantastic observers, as sitting out of the focus can give you more time to watch the behaviour of others. So, whatever your personality, either introvert or extrovert, there are clear advantages to being either, and if you meet an introvert, you might just end up with an amazing friend. A. They also tend to be good listeners. B. So is being an extrovert really better? C. They usually like reading and drawing. D. with some people becoming fake extroverts. E Then how about the benefits of being an introvert? F. achieving higher levels of understanding and creativity. G. In this way, we are more likely to build good relationships with others. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 As Nicole and Mathan drove their family of four back home to Fargo, North Dakota, after visiting their Grandpa Mike in Texas, they had two tearful little kids in the back. Why? Well, during the ___21___, they fell in love with a homeless dog that walked by aimlessly — and kept coming back. At first, Nicole told the kids to be cautious and not to ___22___ him. But he was just so ___23___ to the kids and later he won the family over. Together, the family took the dog home, giving him a bath, some food and even a name: Country. In the backyard, the lively kids and Country ___24___ a delightful play time. The kids were running around in circles, laughing with joy, while the dog ___25___ them with its tail wagging with pleasure. Their laughter and the dog’s excited barks filled the air, creating a happy ___26___. With each passing day, the kids grew more ___27___ to Country. So when it was time to leave, the kids burst into floods of ___28___. Little did they know, their Grandpa Mike was ___29___ a Christmas plan. Because when he saw how the dog was around the kids, he knew Country was ___30___ for them. So Mike decided to ___31___ his grandkids on Christmas morning by ___32___ Country more than 1,200 miles from Texas to North Dakota. “I wanted to make them happy,” he said. The kids were full of ___33___ to see Country again, especially when they learned he was theirs to ___34___. So for Christmas, the family gave Country a forever home, and he gave the family their best Christmas ___35___. 21. A. festival B. exploration C. visit D. adventure 22. A. attack B. ignore C. admire D. touch 23. A. pleasant B. familiar C. similar D. rude 24. A. took B. performed C. caught D. shared 25. A. bit B. followed C. greeted D. found 26. A. scene B. event C. activity D. ending 27. A. responsible B. generous C. attached D. devoted 28. A. sweat B. tears C. laughter D. anger 29. A. counting on B. cooking up C. bringing out D. showing off 30. A. useful B. fancy C. typical D. special 31. A. calm B. award C. surprise D. inspire 32. A. driving B. renting C. recovering D. gathering 33. A. confidence B. satisfaction C. anxiety D. excitement 34. A. stay B. collect C. keep D. approach 35. A. effort B. gift C. option D. tradition 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Welcome to senior high school! Today is the start of a new term, ____36____ is the start of a three-year journey and the start of a promising future. I can’t wait ____37____ (describe) to you what senior high school life is like. The path before you leads to a world full of challenges: a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of thinking. ____38____ , for those of you with a positive mind, opportunity lies in each challenge. Most importantly, your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential. “What is potential?”. Put ____39____ (simple), potential is your natural ability that can ____40____ (develop) when you try hard enough. The ____41____ (possibility) are endless, and I have confidence in your ability to make ____42____ difference to your family, to your community and to your country. To fully realize your potential, it is important for you to make the most ____43____ our school resources. Of equal importance ____44____ (be) good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. Last but not least, always look on the bright side and never lose hope, even in difficult situations. In time you will find yourself _____45_____ (grow) into a well-rounded individual. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike最近因体重超标而感到焦虑。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.你的看法；2.你的建议。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80词左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A weak old man went to live with his son, daughter-in-law and four-year-old grandson. The old man's hands shook, his vision was not clear, and he walked unsteadily. He took tiny, hesitant steps as if every movement was a great effort for him. The family ate together at the table, but the elderly grandfather's shaky hands and failing sight made eating difficult, peas rolling off his spoon onto the floor. When he held the glass, milk spilled (洒落) on the tablecloth. When the milk was mixed with the food that dropped out of the bowl, the whole dining area was in a mess. The son and daughter-in-law became angry with the mess. The old man opened his mouth to speak, but only an apology came out, looking small and helpless. "We must do something about grandfather." said the daughter-in-law, "I've had enough of his spilled milk, noisy eating and food on the floor." So, the husband and wife set a small table in the corner, where the old man ate alone while the rest of the family enjoyed dinner in the dining room. Since the old man had broken a dish or two, his food was served in a wooden bowl. The four-year-old son watched it all in silence. Sometimes, when the family glanced in the grandfather's direction, he had tears in his eyes as he ate alone. When he dropped a fork or spilled food, he began to apologize immediately, but his voice was blanketed by the non-stop scolding from the husband and wife. Still the only words the couple had for him were sharp warnings. The room was filled with an uncomfortable atmosphere. The four-year-old son watched it all in silence. One evening before supper, the father noticed his son playing with a wooden bowl on the floor. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Although no word was spoken, both of them knew what must be done. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5AABBC 6-10CBBCC 11-15BACAC 16-20ABCBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$