精品解析：北京市海淀区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

海淀区高二年级练习 英 语 考生须知 1.本试卷共8页，共四部分，60道题，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。 2.在试卷和答题纸上准确填写学校名称、班级名称、姓名。 3.答案一律填涂或书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 4.在答题纸上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其余题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5.考试结束，请将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。 第一部分：听力理解(共四节，20分) 第一节(共4小题;每小题1分，共4分) 听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What will the woman do next? A. Go hiking with her family. B. Start writing her paper. C. Search for more information. 2. What is the woman’s decision? A. To stick to her major. B. To take more classes. C. To prepare for more exams. 3. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Brother and sister. 4. Why does the man keep up with the trend on social media? A. To be seen as cool. B. To relieve his pressure. C. To get more followers. 第二节(共8小题;每小题1分，共8分) 听下面4段对话。每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。 听第5段材料，回答第5至6小题。 5. Why does the man go to the studio? A. To visit a professional musician. B. To avoid disturbing his neighbours. C. To meet his teacher’s requirements. 6. How does the man ensure enough practice? A. By taking music courses. B. By practicing the violin all day. C. By making time between schoolwork. 听第6段材料，回答第7至8小题。 7. What suggestion does the woman give to the man? A. Narrowing down the topic. B. Writing the essay on his own. C. Finding more updated information. 8. How does the man feel after he tried AI writing? A. Concerned. B. Disappointed. C. Inspired. 听第7段材料，回答第9至10小题。 9. What does the man like doing? A. Helping others with their studies. B. Reading fiction and writing programs. C. Working on puzzles and studying physics. 10. What does the man want to do after landing a well-paid job? A. To take his parents on a world trip. B. To save money for further education. C. To help his parents realize their dreams. 听第8段材料，回答第11至12小题。 11. What surprised the man about Jason’s lecture? A. Various humourous topics. B. The seriousness of its content. C. Jason’s focus on childhood memories. 12. How does Jason bring happiness to people through his comedy? A. By sharing happy moments in daily life. B. By turning his pain into something positive. C. By reminding people of their own experiences. 第三节(共4小题;每小题1分，共4分) 听下面一段独白，完成第13至16四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。 How to Become Creative Try something new ●Read books outside your 13 ●Talk to people with different ideas ●Don’t be afraid of 14 Cooperate with others ● 15 build on each other’s ideas, and don’t be afraid to question assumptions Be 16 ●Keep pushing, improving and testing ●Make time to reflect, let your brain breathe, and value original ideas 第四节(共2小题;每小题2分，共4分) 听下面一段独白，回答第17至18小题。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听三遍。 17. What did the speaker do to prepare for the speech? 18. Please list two benefits of studying philosophy. 第二部分：知识运用(共两节，20分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Rudy, my dog, is 13 (95 dog years). I ____1____ that he won’t make it to his 14th birthday. The day he dies will be painful, for Rudy and I have a special ____2____. I still remember the day we met the dog. While all his siblings stayed close to their mother, one skinny puppy was left unattended. Believing in our abundance of love to ____3____, I decided to bring him home, although my wife and kids all had their eye on another lively puppy. The dog reminded me of the movie hero, who on determination alone willed his way onto his ideal football team: Rudy. So we ____4____ him that. The past two years have been ____5____ for Rudy. He is completely deaf and blind. But true to his namesake, his heart is strong, with no sign of a heart disease that often burdens his breed (品种) as they ____6____. He barks after dusk, when he tends to become more disoriented (迷路的). Our vet suggested someone hug him every night before bedtime, as a familiar scent and touch would help reorient him. ____7____, this ritual fell to me as I spent the most time with him. After dinner my dog and I often sit together. I play songs with him beside me, hoping these songs won’t be impossible to enjoy when he is gone. Strangely, this ____8____ has calmed me as much as it has calmed Rudy, reminding me whether life is long or short, all anyone possesses is the ____9____, and all that matters is what is done in it. In that precious moment, he is simply bathed in love. For me, it’s a reminder that the secret of life is the choosing to give and receive love, in every moment. Rudy needed me more when he was young, but as we both grow old, we need each other ____10____. 1. A. claim B. fear C. regret D. promise 2. A. connection B. deal C. secret D. mission 3. A. return B. seek C. keep D. give 4. A. taught B. offered C. named D. showed 5. A. tough B. pleasant C. important D. unfair 6. A. age B. play C. sleep D. change 7. A. Hopefully B. Naturally C. Surprisingly D. Interestingly 8. A. suggestion B. cooperation C. routine D. reaction 9. A. future B. growth C. youth D. present 10. A. firmly B. occasionally C. equally D. eventually 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 By the time Sullivan completed her degree, she had been ready for her first teaching job. Her passion for education was ____11____ made her a natural fit for the profession. While she was organizing her lesson plans, she reflected on how much she ____12____(learn) during her studies. She knew teaching was not just about giving knowledge, but about inspiring others to learn. Each student was different with unique strengths and she aimed to discover their potential. She believed that ____13____ patience and creativity, teachers could give students the confidence to succeed in their studies. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Being good at choosing the attractive contents online doesn’t necessarily mean you can easily become a social media content editor. In fact, it will take more than that to land a job in this area. A bachelor’s or master’s degree in information science or digital media ____14____(need). Additionally, most employers will want you to have work experience in one of these areas. Luckily, gaining experience may be ____15____(easy) than you think. You can offer your services for free to a small business. ____16____(launch) your social media platform will also help you acquire experience. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Humor is considered one of the most powerful tools in human interaction. When people laugh together, it breaks down ____17____(barrier) and creates connections that might otherwise never form. Moreover, as a universal language, humor goes beyond cultural and linguistic differences, ____18____ allows individuals to connect on a deeper level. A new study ____19____(show) that humor not only improves mental health but also strengthens social bonds. It is said that laughter is the best medicine. That is why humor can make even the most stressful situations seem lighter when ____20____(use) effectively. 第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，34分) 第一节(共12小题;每小题2分，共24分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A As a student, I spent many days and nights standing on a forested slope in the rain. I loved the outdoors, and it was more like play than work. I was thrilled when I could connect what I saw to what I read. My ideas seemed to flow like the stream I was trying to understand. When I started my first teaching position, I no longer had the freedom to focus purely on research or think deeply about any given topic. I was consumed by pressing management demands and my creative stream narrowed. A decade later, I moved to a new university and was able to return to the topic I studied for my Ph. D. research. I found that if I could be in the moment with my students and act as a sounding board for new ideas — and not be distracted by my mid-career responsibilities — then I could play a part in their creative thought process. Creativity crept back into my work life, but I hadn’t yet found a way to stimulate my own deep thinking. Another decade had passed before I learned how to get my own creative stream flowing again. After accepting a position in my hometown, I had a few months between jobs when I was as free as a bird. And that’s when my first real post-Ph. D. eureka moment (顿悟) struck, while I was at a gym watching the rain fall onto a lawn outside. I was able to visualize similar processes that I had been trying to understand. But it was even more thrilling because it was a type of thought that I worried had permanently dried up. It was clear that I needed to slow down and experience the rain more often! In this new job, I tried to heed (留心) this enlightenment. I made a point to think and write a little bit at home each morning, in a room overlooking the large river. After that, I’d cycle to work along the banks, which helped me process those ideas and remember my daily goal of being curious. Fun drove what I worked on. And soon enough, I had new ideas to bring to the table. I now encourage my students to disconnect and take time out to think, to play, to have fun with their research. And to make these things a permanent habit in their lives. I also tell them to pay attention to the conditions and places that foster their curiosity and ability to think deeply. By openly discussing creativity, I hope we can help the next generation of scientists avoid losing it along the way, as I did. 21. What situation did the author find himself in when he started the first teaching position? A. He lost interest in his research. B. He couldn’t think clearly anymore. C. He was not as creative as before. D. He was heavily demanded by students. 22. What can we know about the author after he moved to a new university? A. He helped students with their Ph. D. research. B He discovered a new topic for his mid-career. C. He began to take on more career responsibilities. D. He engaged himself in students’ thinking process. 23. How did the author feel during his free time in his hometown? A. Energetic and proud. B. Inspired and refreshed. C. Thrilled and supported. D. Curious and adventurous. 24. What can we learn from the author’s experience? A. East or west, home is the best. B. Small streams make great rivers. C. Creativity is the mother of invention. D. All work no play makes Jack a dull boy. B Ghosting is a term that refers to the practice of one person ending all forms of communication with another, without any warning or reason. Messages are left on “read”, calls are ignored, and social media ties may be severed. Before the internet, many relationships were formed within inter-connected circles, typically through friends or at work. It would have been much harder to completely sever contact with someone without the awkwardness of bumping into them or facing negative social implications within the community. Now with so many relationships initiated online with fewer connections in common, there are fewer consequences to deal with if we decide to disconnect from someone in a less-than-ethical way. Ghosting can be seen as an effortless solution for avoiding the emotional messiness of having to explain to somebody why you no longer want to continue engaging with them. Deliberately avoiding conflicts can be a form of self-protection to safeguard the ghoster from anxiety or stress especially if they have had negative experiences dealing with conflict in the past. Ghosting culture can also be interpreted as resulting from the unlimited choices that we now have at our fingertips when it comes to finding a new partner job or social circle to join. With the huge array of possibilities out there for us to pick from, it has become far too easy to view others as commodities, ready to trade in at the click of a button for something bigger and better. Decision fatigue (疲惫) plays a factor too, especially when we are trying to balance numerous options all in one go. Ghosting provides a practical strategy for weeding out less desirable candidates and saving our energy and time from having to explain why they didn’t make the cut. Ghosting might be becoming increasingly frequent these days, but that doesn’t mean it has become any easier to deal with. The ghostee might then endlessly re-examine every last interaction to pinpoint a cause for the termination of the relationship. This usually leads to negative conclusions and self-blame. However, it’s not only the recipient who suffers from the consequences of ghosting. If ghosting and avoidance become a common occurrence in the ghoster’s social interactions with others, they risk missing out on healthy long-term relationships that require effective communication skills, problem-solving and trust in order to thrive. Disconnection is an unavoidable aspect of life but how we choose to end relationships is fully within our control. It may seem cliché but adopting old-fashioned principles, such as treating others the way we would like to be treated, will prevent us from becoming a society haunted by undesirable behaviour. 25. What does the underlined word “severed” in Para. 1 mean? A. Built up. B. Cut off. C. Given away. D. Relied on. 26. Which of the following situations is an example of ghosting? A. A guide cancels the travel plan at the last minute. B. A child hangs out with friends without telling parents. C. A friend stops having any forms of interactions with you. D. A student refuses to hand in homework without explanation. 27. How might ghosting affect the ghostee? A. Self-defense in the face of criticism. B. Effective management of relationship. C. Self-doubt due to unexpected breakups. D Long-term relief from intense conflicts. 28. What is the author’s attitude towards ghosting? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Uncertain. D. Objective. C Ask most scientists if we’re animals and you’ll get a funny look. Of course, we’re humans! But very commonly, humans are set apart from animals using random division. In 2018, a pair of long-tailed macaques were cloned to be used in biomedical research. A few years earlier, the United Nations stated that cloning people goes against human dignity. That may be a good ruling. But what exactly is dignity, and why do humans have it while intelligent, aware primates(灵长目动物) such as macaques do not? A macaque may not think or talk about dignity, but does that mean it doesn’t possess it? The fact is, biology won’t leap to our assistance here because dignity is a human invention. “Dignity” originates in Enlightenment dualist (二元论者) ideas separating cognition from physicality and instinct, and later a new binary emerged: the human mind and our physical bodies. In this worldview, the impulses and feelings of animal bodies (including our own) are viewed as less important than our mental experiences. Many of our laws and guidelines today create hard borders between humans and other animals on the basis of our supposedly superior mental properties. To maintain a strict boundary between our experiences and those of all other animals, we find ourselves prioritizing what we consider mind-based phenomena when making policies. So we demote experiences of fear and promote the idea that knowing fear — recognizing it, naming it — is what matters morally. We brush under the carpet the fact that these cognitive capacities, if present at all, change throughout our lives without altering our moral status. For example, babies experience fear but can’t conceptualize it. This doesn’t alter our belief in their moral subjecthood. I look at the history of science and psychology research to understand how our discomfort with some aspects of being animals — from moral confusion to mortality — can spur us to tell ourselves that we’re not really animals. I conclude that it’s time for a much-needed change in belief that no longer splits the world into unhelpful and unscientific binaries. The overwhelming bulk of scientific data from the past few decades points to how essential our animal, physical life is to our actions, feeling and thoughts. A research into child development has shown that significant, measurable advantages in acquiring language and mathematics follow the use of physical movement and gesture. We urgently need to get a handle on what it means to be an animal and move beyond old-fashioned dualism. It’s not just that we’re animals: embodied, physical experiences are richer and more meaningful than we’ve recognized. If that means we need to rethink our relationship to other animals, so be it. 29. What can we know about “dignity” in the passage? A. It is a term which separates humans from animals. B. It is a cognitive standard shared by all primates. C. It is an idea combining human body and mind. D. It is an emotional feature of human being. 30. Why does the author mention the example of babies in Para. 3? A. To prove cognitive ability is needed for moral subjecthood. B. To show the change of cognitive ability in moral development. C. To highlight the importance of cognitive ability in policy making. D. To stress the existence of moral status regardless of level of cognition. 31. What is the writer trying to propose? A. A shift away from dualistic thinking. B. A new method for scientific research. C. Less emphasis on physical experiences. D. More attention to cognitive development. 32. Which is the best title of the article? A. But We Are Animals, Aren’t We? B. Thus We Claim Dignity, Don’t We? C. But We Are Truly Different, Aren’t We? D. So We Prefer Our Animal Nature, Don’t We? 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Very few things in nature are as contagious (传染性的) as a virus. That’s why we take precautions, because no one wants to catch it. But there is something more contagious than a virus. ____33____ Like a virus, emotional contagion works invisibly, and often unconsciously. Our amygdalae (杏仁核) are highly sensitive to emotional signals, especially negative ones. They catch emotional meaning microseconds before our conscious minds are aware of what we’re looking at. That’s why we can quickly develop a vague sense of happiness or sadness from an encounter, before realizing why. ____34____ You can infect someone half a world away, whether they’re reading your email, hearing your voice, or seeing you on a Zoom call. So what does this mean to you? Depending on whether you have a good attitude or a bad one, you either prevent its spread or encourage it. If you go into a call with a customer with discouragement or desperation, you will infect them with your attitude. If you go into a call with the confidence in your ability to help them, you will also infect them. It’s especially important if you’re a leader since everyone pays great attention to everything you say and do. So what should we do? Take active control of your emotional state. ____35____ Be mindful; look inside yourself and name the emotion you are feeling. It’s called labeling, and this simple act places your executive functions back in control. If the emotion you’ re feeling is not the one you wish to portray during this next conversation or meeting, try to change it. If that’s too difficult, at least try to pretend you’re feeling good. ____36____ Our minds often read signals from our bodies, so “fake it till you make it” is actually sound advice. Emotional contagion works both ways, so you also have to guard against catching others’ negative attitudes. Again, it begins with self-awareness. If you have a good handle on your internal feelings, you can counteract other’s negative influences on you. In the end, it is all about personal responsibility. There is enough negativity spreading around, and we can’t control all of it. ____37____ Let’s be contagious in a positive way! A. Unlike a real virus, distance is no protection. B. No one can guarantee to stay positive all the time. C. It’s your attitude, or more precisely, your emotional state. D. Self-awareness is like a vaccine against emotional contagion. E. But we can each determine to avoid being part of the problem. F. Put on a smile, lift your chin, and add some enthusiasm in your voice. G. Here is an explanation of how one’s emotional state is more contagious than a virus. 第四部分：书面表达(共两节，26分) 第一节(共4小题;第56—58小题各2分，第59小题5分，共11分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Mastering financial literacy — the ability to understand and effectively manage personal finances — is a critical skill that can shape your future success. Financial literacy isn’t something distant or abstract. It’s a set of practical skills that can be developed from an early age. As you start a new school year, it’s an ideal time to explore topics such as budgeting and the importance of responsible spending. You can turn everyday activities into learning opportunities to enhance your financial education. For example, grocery shopping can be a way to practice budgeting. You can help make a shopping list, estimate the prices of items, and discuss why it’s essential to stick to a budget. This not only helps you understand the value of money but also teaches you to compare prices and think about whether you really need to spend more on certain items. When purchasing school supplies or holiday gifts, take a moment to reflect on what you truly need versus what you simply want. Learning to differentiate between “needs” and “wants” will empower you to make smarter spending decisions in the future. Getting involved in family discussions about larger purchases can also help you build financial awareness. Asking questions like, “Do we have enough savings?” You will gain a better understanding of the importance of money management and develop clear financial goals. As you grow older, you’ll need tools to manage your money effectively. Banks offer various tools to support financial literacy at different stages of development. For younger individuals, debit cards with parental controls can provide real-life experience with spending and saving. As you progress into your high school years, you can transition to accounts that offer more independence while still allowing parents to maintain oversight. However, developing financial literacy doesn’t stop when you turn 18. Discussions should continue, focusing on more advanced topics such as credit building, debt management, and long-term financial planning. By starting early and engaging in these financial discussions, you will lay a solid foundation for your future and cultivate good financial habits that will last a lifetime. 38. What is financial literacy according to the passage? ____________________________________________________________________ 39. Why can grocery shopping help practice budgeting? ____________________________________________________________________ 40. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. As you enter high school, you will have access to accounts that give you more independence without parental involvement. ____________________________________________________________________ 41. If you get ¥500 as pocket money, what are you going to do with it to show your financial literacy? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________ 第二节(15分) 42. 请从下面两句名言中任选一句，谈谈你对它的理解，并结合你自身经历或身边的事例进行阐释。(词数100左右) ①Laughter makes you ten years younger. —A Chinese proverb ②I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand. —Xunzi _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. field 14. failure 15. Brainstorm 16. persistent 17. The speaker surveyed some of his/ her classmates. 18. ①It teaches us to think and discuss ideas. ②It opens our mind to different viewpoints. ③It improves our historical and cultural awareness. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 海淀区高二年级练习 英 语 考生须知 1.本试卷共8页，共四部分，60道题，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。 2.在试卷和答题纸上准确填写学校名称、班级名称、姓名。 3.答案一律填涂或书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 4.在答题纸上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其余题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5.考试结束，请将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。 第一部分：听力理解(共四节，20分) 第一节(共4小题;每小题1分，共4分) 听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What will the woman do next? A. Go hiking with her family. B. Start writing her paper. C. Search for more information. 2. What is the woman’s decision? A. To stick to her major. B. To take more classes. C. To prepare for more exams. 3. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Brother and sister. 4. Why does the man keep up with the trend on social media? A. To be seen as cool. B. To relieve his pressure. C. To get more followers. 第二节(共8小题;每小题1分，共8分) 听下面4段对话。每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。 听第5段材料，回答第5至6小题。 5. Why does the man go to the studio? A. To visit a professional musician. B. To avoid disturbing his neighbours. C. To meet his teacher’s requirements. 6. How does the man ensure enough practice? A. By taking music courses. B. By practicing the violin all day. C. By making time between schoolwork. 听第6段材料，回答第7至8小题。 7. What suggestion does the woman give to the man? A. Narrowing down the topic. B. Writing the essay on his own. C. Finding more updated information. 8. How does the man feel after he tried AI writing? A. Concerned. B. Disappointed. C. Inspired. 听第7段材料，回答第9至10小题。 9. What does the man like doing? A. Helping others with their studies. B. Reading fiction and writing programs. C. Working on puzzles and studying physics. 10. What does the man want to do after landing a well-paid job? A. To take his parents on a world trip. B. To save money for further education. C. To help his parents realize their dreams. 听第8段材料，回答第11至12小题。 11. What surprised the man about Jason’s lecture? A. Various humourous topics. B. The seriousness of its content. C. Jason’s focus on childhood memories. 12. How does Jason bring happiness to people through his comedy? A. By sharing happy moments in daily life. B. By turning his pain into something positive. C. By reminding people of their own experiences. 第三节(共4小题;每小题1分，共4分) 听下面一段独白，完成第13至16四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。 How to Become Creative Try something new ●Read books outside your 13 ●Talk to people with different ideas ●Don’t be afraid of 14 Cooperate with others ● 15 , build on each other’s ideas, and don’t be afraid to question assumptions Be 16 ●Keep pushing, improving and testing ●Make time to reflect, let your brain breathe, and value original ideas 第四节(共2小题;每小题2分，共4分) 听下面一段独白，回答第17至18小题。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听三遍。 17. What did the speaker do to prepare for the speech? 18. Please list two benefits of studying philosophy. 第二部分：知识运用(共两节，20分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Rudy, my dog, is 13 (95 dog years). I ____1____ that he won’t make it to his 14th birthday. The day he dies will be painful, for Rudy and I have a special ____2____. I still remember the day we met the dog. While all his siblings stayed close to their mother, one skinny puppy was left unattended. Believing in our abundance of love to ____3____, I decided to bring him home, although my wife and kids all had their eye on another lively puppy. The dog reminded me of the movie hero, who on determination alone willed his way onto his ideal football team: Rudy. So we ____4____ him that. The past two years have been ____5____ for Rudy. He is completely deaf and blind. But true to his namesake, his heart is strong, with no sign of a heart disease that often burdens his breed (品种) as they ____6____. He barks after dusk, when he tends to become more disoriented (迷路的). Our vet suggested someone hug him every night before bedtime, as a familiar scent and touch would help reorient him. ____7____, this ritual fell to me as I spent the most time with him. After dinner my dog and I often sit together. I play songs with him beside me, hoping these songs won’t be impossible to enjoy when he is gone. Strangely, this ____8____ has calmed me as much as it has calmed Rudy, reminding me whether life is long or short, all anyone possesses is the ____9____, and all that matters is what is done in it. In that precious moment, he is simply bathed in love. For me, it’s a reminder that the secret of life is the choosing to give and receive love, in every moment. Rudy needed me more when he was young, but as we both grow old, we need each other ____10____. 1. A. claim B. fear C. regret D. promise 2. A. connection B. deal C. secret D. mission 3. A. return B. seek C. keep D. give 4. A. taught B. offered C. named D. showed 5. A. tough B. pleasant C. important D. unfair 6. A. age B. play C. sleep D. change 7. A. Hopefully B. Naturally C. Surprisingly D. Interestingly 8. A. suggestion B. cooperation C. routine D. reaction 9. A. future B. growth C. youth D. present 10. A. firmly B. occasionally C. equally D. eventually 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者与他家的狗——鲁迪之间的故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我担心他熬不过14岁生日了。A. claim声称；B. fear担心；C. regret后悔；D. promise承诺。根据上文的句子“Rudy, my dog, is 13 (95 dog years).(鲁迪，我的狗，13岁(狗龄95岁))”和下文的“The day he dies will be painful”可知，鲁迪的年龄已经很大了，所以作者担心他熬不过14岁生日。故选B项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他死的那天会很痛苦，因为鲁迪和我有特殊的关系。A. connection关系，联系；B. deal交易；C. secret秘密；D. mission使命。根据上文的“The day he dies will be painful”下文的“I decided to bring him home, although my wife and kids all had their eye on another lively puppy”可知，作者与鲁迪有着特殊的关系。故选A项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我的妻子和孩子们都看中了另一只活泼的小狗，但我相信我们有足够的爱可以给予，所以我决定把它带回家。A. return回来；B. seek寻找；C. keep保持；D. give给予。根据上文的句子“I still remember the day we met the dog. While all his siblings stayed close to their mother, one skinny puppy was left unattended.(我还记得我们遇见狗的那天。当他所有的兄弟姐妹都待在妈妈身边时，一只瘦骨嶙峋的小狗无人照料)”可知，作者想把爱给这只无人照料的小狗。故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我们给他起了这个名字。A. taught教授；B. offered提供；C. named命名；D. showed显示。根据上文的句子“The dog reminded me of the movie hero, who on determination alone willed his way onto his ideal football team: Rudy.(这只狗让我想起了电影中的英雄，他凭借自己的决心进入了他理想的足球队：鲁迪)”可知，作者给小狗取名为鲁迪。故选C项。 5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过去两年对鲁迪来说很艰难。A. tough艰难的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. important重要的；D. unfair不公平的。根据下文的句子“He is completely deaf and blind.(他完全聋和瞎了)”可知，因为鲁迪完全聋了并且瞎了，所以过去的两年对鲁迪来说很艰难。故选A项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但正如他的名字一样，他的心脏很强壮，没有任何心脏病的迹象，而随着年龄的增长，心脏病经常会给他这个品种带来负担。A. age变老；B. play玩；C. sleep睡觉；D. change改变。根据上文的“a heart disease that often burdens his breed”和常识可知，变老的时候心脏病可能给这个品种的狗带来负担。故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：自然，这个仪式落在了我身上，因为我和他在一起的时间最多。A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Naturally自然地；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. Interestingly有趣地。根据下文的“as I spent the most time with him”可知，因为作者和鲁迪在一起的时间最多，每晚睡觉前拥抱他的事自然就由作者来做。故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，这个惯例让我和鲁迪一样平静下来，提醒我无论生命是长是短，每个人拥有的都是现在，重要的是在这段时间里做了什么。A. suggestion建议；B. cooperation合作；C. routine常规，惯例；D. reaction反应。根据上文的句子“After dinner my dog and I often sit together. I play songs with him beside me, hoping these songs won’t be impossible to enjoy when he is gone.(晚饭后，我的狗和我常常坐在一起。我在他旁边播放歌曲，希望当他不在时，这些歌曲不会无法欣赏)”可知，此处指的是作者和鲁迪经常一起做的事，即惯例。故选C项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，这个惯例让我和鲁迪一样平静下来，提醒我无论生命是长是短，每个人拥有的都是现在，重要的是在这段时间里做了什么。A. future未来；B. growth生长；C. youth青少年时期；D. present现在。根据上文的“whether life is long or short”和下文的“In that precious moment, he is simply bathed in love.”可知，此处作者强调的是现在。故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：鲁迪年轻的时候更需要我，但随着年龄的增长，我们同样需要对方。A. firmly坚决地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. equally同样地；D. eventually最终。根据前文“Rudy needed me more when he was young, but as we both grow old”可知，此处指的是鲁迪年轻的时候更需要我，但年龄增长后我们同样相互需要。故选C项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 By the time Sullivan completed her degree, she had been ready for her first teaching job. Her passion for education was ____11____ made her a natural fit for the profession. While she was organizing her lesson plans, she reflected on how much she ____12____(learn) during her studies. She knew teaching was not just about giving knowledge, but about inspiring others to learn. Each student was different with unique strengths and she aimed to discover their potential. She believed that ____13____ patience and creativity, teachers could give students the confidence to succeed in their studies. 【答案】11. what 12. had learnt##had learned 13. with 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了沙利文对于教学工作的热情和看法。 【11题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：她对教育的热情使她天生适合这个职业。此处引导表语从句，从句中“made”缺少主语，结合语境，此处表示“她对教育的热情是使她自然适合这个职业的东西”，所以用连接代词“what”引导表语从句并在从句中作主语。故填what。 【12题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：当她在组织课程计划时，她在思考她在学习中学到了多少。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意以及动词“reflected”可知，“学习”这个动作发生在“反思”之前，即“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时，其结构为“had+过去分词”，“learn”的过去分词是“learned/learnt”。故填had learnt/learned。 【13题详解】 考查介词。句意：她相信，只要有耐心和创造力，老师就能给学生信心，让他们在学业上取得成功。此处表示“有了耐心和创造力”，介词“with”表示“具有，带有”，符合语境。故填with。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Being good at choosing the attractive contents online doesn’t necessarily mean you can easily become a social media content editor. In fact, it will take more than that to land a job in this area. A bachelor’s or master’s degree in information science or digital media ____14____(need). Additionally, most employers will want you to have work experience in one of these areas. Luckily, gaining experience may be ____15____(easy) than you think. You can offer your services for free to a small business. ____16____(launch) your social media platform will also help you acquire experience. 【答案】14. is needed##will be needed 15. easier 16. Launching 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了成为一名社交媒体内容编辑所需的东西。 【14题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：需要信息科学或数字媒体专业的学士或硕士学位。此处为谓语动词的填入，句子主语“A bachelor’s or master’s degree in information science or digital media”（信息科学或数字媒体专业的学士或硕士学位）与谓语动词“need”（需要）之间是被动关系，即学位是被需要的，且句子描述的是一般情况或者一般将来的情况，所以用一般现在时的被动语态或者将来时的被动语态结构。故填is needed/ will be needed。 【15题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：幸运的是，积累经验可能比你想象的要容易。根据句意以及空后than可知，此处为形容词比较级形式。故填easier。 【16题详解】 考查动名词。句意：启动你的社交媒体平台也会帮助你获得经验。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词“will help”，“launch”在这里作主语，用动名词形式，“launch”的动名词是“Launching”。故填Launching。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Humor is considered one of the most powerful tools in human interaction. When people laugh together, it breaks down ____17____(barrier) and creates connections that might otherwise never form. Moreover, as a universal language, humor goes beyond cultural and linguistic differences, ____18____ allows individuals to connect on a deeper level. A new study ____19____(show) that humor not only improves mental health but also strengthens social bonds. It is said that laughter is the best medicine. That is why humor can make even the most stressful situations seem lighter when ____20____(use) effectively. 【答案】17. barriers 18. which 19. shows/##has shown 20. used 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了幽默被认为是人际交往中最有力的工具之一。 【17题详解】 考查名词复数形式。句意：当人们一起笑时，它打破了障碍，创造了可能永远不会形成的联系。“barrier”是可数名词，根据语境“it breaks down ____1____(barrier)”，此处表示打破多种障碍，应用复数形式“barriers”。故填barriers。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：此外，作为一种通用语言，幽默超越了文化和语言的差异，它可以让个人在更深层次上联系起来。分析句子可，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话在从句中作主语成分，所以为关系代词which引导。故填which。 【19题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：一项新的研究表明，幽默不仅能改善心理健康，还能加强社会联系。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据从句动词improves和strengthens可知，此处应为一般现在时，也可为现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作或事件对当前造成的影响，主语A new study为单数名词，所以为动词三单形式。。故填shows/ has shown。 【20题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：这就是为什么幽默如果运用得当，即使是最紧张的情况也会显得轻松一些。根据句子“That is why humor can make even the most stressful situations seem lighter when ____4____(use) effectively.”，可知此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略用法，“when”引导时间状语从句，从句中省略了主语“humor”和be动词“is”，“humor”与 “use” 之间是被动关系，即“humor is used”，所以用过去分词“used”。故填used。 第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，34分) 第一节(共12小题;每小题2分，共24分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A As a student, I spent many days and nights standing on a forested slope in the rain. I loved the outdoors, and it was more like play than work. I was thrilled when I could connect what I saw to what I read. My ideas seemed to flow like the stream I was trying to understand. When I started my first teaching position, I no longer had the freedom to focus purely on research or think deeply about any given topic. I was consumed by pressing management demands and my creative stream narrowed. A decade later, I moved to a new university and was able to return to the topic I studied for my Ph. D. research. I found that if I could be in the moment with my students and act as a sounding board for new ideas — and not be distracted by my mid-career responsibilities — then I could play a part in their creative thought process. Creativity crept back into my work life, but I hadn’t yet found a way to stimulate my own deep thinking. Another decade had passed before I learned how to get my own creative stream flowing again. After accepting a position in my hometown, I had a few months between jobs when I was as free as a bird. And that’s when my first real post-Ph. D. eureka moment (顿悟) struck, while I was at a gym watching the rain fall onto a lawn outside. I was able to visualize similar processes that I had been trying to understand. But it was even more thrilling because it was a type of thought that I worried had permanently dried up. It was clear that I needed to slow down and experience the rain more often! In this new job, I tried to heed (留心) this enlightenment. I made a point to think and write a little bit at home each morning, in a room overlooking the large river. After that, I’d cycle to work along the banks, which helped me process those ideas and remember my daily goal of being curious. Fun drove what I worked on. And soon enough, I had new ideas to bring to the table. I now encourage my students to disconnect and take time out to think, to play, to have fun with their research. And to make these things a permanent habit in their lives. I also tell them to pay attention to the conditions and places that foster their curiosity and ability to think deeply. By openly discussing creativity, I hope we can help the next generation of scientists avoid losing it along the way, as I did. 21. What situation did the author find himself in when he started the first teaching position? A. He lost interest in his research. B. He couldn’t think clearly anymore. C. He was not as creative as before. D. He was heavily demanded by students. 22. What can we know about the author after he moved to a new university? A. He helped students with their Ph. D. research. B. He discovered a new topic for his mid-career. C. He began to take on more career responsibilities. D. He engaged himself in students’ thinking process. 23. How did the author feel during his free time in his hometown? A. Energetic and proud. B. Inspired and refreshed. C. Thrilled and supported. D. Curious and adventurous. 24. What can we learn from the author’s experience? A. East or west, home is the best. B. Small streams make great rivers. C. Creativity is the mother of invention. D. All work no play makes Jack a dull boy. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者在读博士时，很有创造力，但是开始第一份教学工作时，作者的创造力干涸了，在经过一段时间的探索，作者又重新找回了创造力。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“When I started my first teaching position, I no longer had the freedom to focus purely on research or think deeply about any given topic. I was consumed by pressing management demands and my creative stream narrowed.( 当我开始我的第一个教学职位时，我不再有纯粹专注于研究或深入思考任何给定主题的自由。我被紧迫的管理要求所消耗，我的创意流也变窄了。)”可知，当作者开始第一份教学工作时，他被紧迫的管理需求所占据，不再有自由纯粹地专注于研究或深入思考任何特定话题，他的创作灵感也变窄了，即他不像以前那样有创造力了。故选C项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“A decade later, I moved to a new university and was able to return to the topic I studied for my Ph. D. research. I found that if I could be in the moment with my students and act as a sounding board for new ideas — and not be distracted by my mid-career responsibilities—then I could play a part in their creative thought process.( 十年后，我去了一所新的大学，又回到了我的博士研究课题。我发现，如果我能和我的学生们在一起，充当新想法的传声筒，而不被我的中期职业责任分散注意力，那么我就能在他们的创造性思维过程中发挥作用。)”可知，作者搬到新大学后，能够回到他博士研究的课题上，并且发现如果他能和学生在一起，作为新想法的倾听者，不被职业生涯中期的责任分散注意力，他就能参与到学生的创造性思维过程中。故选D项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“After accepting a position in my hometown, I had a few months between jobs when I was as free as a bird. And that’s when my first real post-Ph. D. eureka moment (顿悟) struck, while I was at a gym watching the rain fall onto a lawn outside. I was able to visualize similar processes that I had been trying to understand. But it was even more thrilling because it was a type of thought that I worried had permanently dried up. It was clear that I needed to slow down and experience the rain more often!( 在接受了家乡的一份工作后，我有几个月的空闲时间。那是我博士毕业后第一次真正的。灵光一现的时刻来了，当时我正在健身房看着雨落在外面的草坪上。我能够想象出我一直试图理解的类似过程。但更令人兴奋的是，我担心这种想法已经永远枯竭了。很明显，我需要慢下来，多体验一下下雨的感觉！)”可知，作者在家乡有几个月的空闲时间，像鸟儿一样自由，并且有了顿悟，能够想象出他一直试图理解的类似过程，而且这种想法让他很激动，因为他曾担心这种思维已经永远枯竭了，他意识到自己需要慢下来，更多地体验这种时刻。所以作者在这段时间感到受到启发且精神振奋。故选B项。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“I now encourage my students to disconnect and take time out to think, to play, to have fun with their research. And to make these things a permanent habit in their lives. I also tell them to pay attention to the conditions and places that foster their curiosity and ability to think deeply. By openly discussing creativity, I hope we can help the next generation of scientists avoid losing it along the way, as I did.( 我现在鼓励我的学生们脱离现实，花时间去思考，去玩耍，去享受他们的研究。并使这些事情成为他们生活中永久的习惯。我还告诉他们要注意那些能培养他们好奇心和深度思考能力的条件和场所。通过公开讨论创造力，我希望我们可以帮助下一代科学家避免像我一样在这个过程中失去创造力。)”可知，作者一开始热爱户外研究，想法如溪流般流淌，后来从事教学工作被管理需求占据，创造力下降，之后通过让自己放松、有空闲时间去思考和体验，创造力又回来了。作者还鼓励学生断开连接，抽出时间去思考、玩耍，把这些变成生活中的习惯。这说明只工作不玩耍会让人变得迟钝，即“All work no play makes Jack a dull boy.”（只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻）。故选D项。 B Ghosting is a term that refers to the practice of one person ending all forms of communication with another, without any warning or reason. Messages are left on “read”, calls are ignored, and social media ties may be severed. Before the internet, many relationships were formed within inter-connected circles, typically through friends or at work. It would have been much harder to completely sever contact with someone without the awkwardness of bumping into them or facing negative social implications within the community. Now with so many relationships initiated online with fewer connections in common, there are fewer consequences to deal with if we decide to disconnect from someone in a less-than-ethical way. Ghosting can be seen as an effortless solution for avoiding the emotional messiness of having to explain to somebody why you no longer want to continue engaging with them. Deliberately avoiding conflicts can be a form of self-protection to safeguard the ghoster from anxiety or stress, especially if they have had negative experiences dealing with conflict in the past. Ghosting culture can also be interpreted as resulting from the unlimited choices that we now have at our fingertips when it comes to finding a new partner, job or social circle to join. With the huge array of possibilities out there for us to pick from, it has become far too easy to view others as commodities, ready to trade in at the click of a button for something bigger and better. Decision fatigue (疲惫) plays a factor too, especially when we are trying to balance numerous options all in one go. Ghosting provides a practical strategy for weeding out less desirable candidates and saving our energy and time from having to explain why they didn’t make the cut. Ghosting might be becoming increasingly frequent these days, but that doesn’t mean it has become any easier to deal with. The ghostee might then endlessly re-examine every last interaction to pinpoint a cause for the termination of the relationship. This usually leads to negative conclusions and self-blame. However, it’s not only the recipient who suffers from the consequences of ghosting. If ghosting and avoidance become a common occurrence in the ghoster’s social interactions with others, they risk missing out on healthy long-term relationships that require effective communication skills, problem-solving and trust in order to thrive. Disconnection is an unavoidable aspect of life but how we choose to end relationships is fully within our control. It may seem cliché but adopting old-fashioned principles, such as treating others the way we would like to be treated, will prevent us from becoming a society haunted by undesirable behaviour. 25. What does the underlined word “severed” in Para. 1 mean? A. Built up. B. Cut off. C. Given away. D. Relied on. 26. Which of the following situations is an example of ghosting? A. A guide cancels the travel plan at the last minute. B. A child hangs out with friends without telling parents. C. A friend stops having any forms of interactions with you. D. A student refuses to hand in homework without explanation. 27. How might ghosting affect the ghostee? A. Self-defense in the face of criticism. B. Effective management of relationship. C. Self-doubt due to unexpected breakups. D. Long-term relief from intense conflicts. 28. What is the author’s attitude towards ghosting? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Uncertain. D. Objective. 【答案】25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“幽灵”行为，以及这种行为对人们的影响。 【25题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Ghosting is a term that refers to the practice of one person ending all forms of communication with another, without any warning or reason. Messages are left on “read”, calls are ignored, and social media ties may be…(“幽灵”是一个术语，指的是一个人在没有任何警告或理由的情况下结束与另一个人的所有形式的交流。信息处于“已读”状态，电话被忽略，社交媒体联系可能被……)”可知，“幽灵”指的是一个人毫无预兆或理由地结束与另一个人的所有形式的交流，信息被“已读不回”，电话被忽略，那么社交媒体联系也应该是被“切断”。B选项Cut off“切断”符合该语境。故选B项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Ghosting is a term that refers to the practice of one person ending all forms of communication with another, without any warning or reason.( “幽灵”是一个术语，指的是一个人在没有任何警告或理由的情况下结束与另一个人的所有形式的交流。)”可推知，“幽灵”是指一个人毫无预兆或理由地结束与另一个人的所有形式的交流。A选项 “A guide cancels the travel plan at the last minute.”(一个导游在最后一刻取消了旅行计划)，这不是人与人之间结束所有交流，A 错误；B 选项“A child hangs out with friends without telling parents.”(一个孩子没告诉父母就和朋友出去玩了)，不是结束与他人的交流，B错误；C选项“A friend stops having any forms of interactions with you.”(一个朋友停止了与你进行任何形式的互动)，符合“幽灵”的定义，C正确；D选项“A student refuses to hand in homework without explanation.”(一个学生没有解释就拒绝交作业)，这不是人与人之间结束交流的行为，D错误。故选C项。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“The ghostee might then endlessly re-examine every last interaction to pinpoint a cause for the termination of the relationship. This usually leads to negative conclusions and self-blame.( 然后，幽灵可能会无休止地重新审视每一次互动，以找出关系终止的原因。这通常会导致消极的结论和自责。)” 可知，被“幽灵”的人可能会无休止地重新审视每一次互动，试图找出关系终止的原因，这通常会导致负面的结论和自责，也就是会因为意外的关系破裂而产生自我怀疑。故选C项。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Disconnection is an unavoidable aspect of life but how we choose to end relationships is fully within our control. It may seem cliché but adopting old-fashioned principles, such as treating others the way we would like to be treated, will prevent us from becoming a society haunted by undesirable behaviour.( 断绝关系是生活中不可避免的一个方面，但我们如何选择结束关系完全在我们的控制之中。这似乎是陈词滥调，但采用一些过时的原则，比如我们希望别人怎样对待我们，我们就怎样对待别人，将防止我们成为一个被不良行为困扰的社会。)”可知，作者认为虽然断联是生活中不可避免的一部分，但我们选择结束关系的方式是可以控制的，并且应该采用像“己所不欲，勿施于人”这样的传统原则，以防止我们的社会被不良行为所困扰，说明作者不赞成“幽灵”这种行为。故选B项。 C Ask most scientists if we’re animals and you’ll get a funny look. Of course, we’re humans! But very commonly, humans are set apart from animals using random division. In 2018, a pair of long-tailed macaques were cloned to be used in biomedical research. A few years earlier, the United Nations stated that cloning people goes against human dignity. That may be a good ruling. But what exactly is dignity, and why do humans have it while intelligent, aware primates(灵长目动物) such as macaques do not? A macaque may not think or talk about dignity, but does that mean it doesn’t possess it? The fact is, biology won’t leap to our assistance here because dignity is a human invention. “Dignity” originates in Enlightenment dualist (二元论者) ideas separating cognition from physicality and instinct, and later a new binary emerged: the human mind and our physical bodies. In this worldview, the impulses and feelings of animal bodies (including our own) are viewed as less important than our mental experiences. Many of our laws and guidelines today create hard borders between humans and other animals on the basis of our supposedly superior mental properties. To maintain a strict boundary between our experiences and those of all other animals, we find ourselves prioritizing what we consider mind-based phenomena when making policies. So we demote experiences of fear and promote the idea that knowing fear — recognizing it, naming it — is what matters morally. We brush under the carpet the fact that these cognitive capacities, if present at all, change throughout our lives without altering our moral status. For example, babies experience fear but can’t conceptualize it. This doesn’t alter our belief in their moral subjecthood. I look at the history of science and psychology research to understand how our discomfort with some aspects of being animals — from moral confusion to mortality — can spur us to tell ourselves that we’re not really animals. I conclude that it’s time for a much-needed change in belief that no longer splits the world into unhelpful and unscientific binaries. The overwhelming bulk of scientific data from the past few decades points to how essential our animal, physical life is to our actions, feeling and thoughts. A research into child development has shown that significant, measurable advantages in acquiring language and mathematics follow the use of physical movement and gesture. We urgently need to get a handle on what it means to be an animal and move beyond old-fashioned dualism. It’s not just that we’re animals: embodied, physical experiences are richer and more meaningful than we’ve recognized. If that means we need to rethink our relationship to other animals, so be it. 29 What can we know about “dignity” in the passage? A. It is a term which separates humans from animals. B. It is a cognitive standard shared by all primates. C. It is an idea combining human body and mind. D. It is an emotional feature of human being. 30. Why does the author mention the example of babies in Para. 3? A. To prove cognitive ability is needed for moral subjecthood. B. To show the change of cognitive ability in moral development. C. To highlight the importance of cognitive ability in policy making. D. To stress the existence of moral status regardless of level of cognition. 31. What is the writer trying to propose? A. A shift away from dualistic thinking. B. A new method for scientific research. C. Less emphasis on physical experiences. D. More attention to cognitive development. 32 Which is the best title of the article? A. But We Are Animals, Aren’t We? B. Thus We Claim Dignity, Don’t We? C. But We Are Truly Different, Aren’t We? D. So We Prefer Our Animal Nature, Don’t We? 【答案】29. A 30. D 31. A 32. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文探讨了人类与动物之间的界限，特别是尊严的概念。文章指出，尊严是人类发明的，将人类与动物区分开来。作者认为，我们需要重新思考与动物的关系，并认识到身体体验比我们想象的更有意义。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ask most scientists if we’re animals and you’ll get a funny look. Of course, we’re humans! But very commonly, humans are set apart from animals using random division. In 2018, a pair of long-tailed macaques were cloned to be used in biomedical research. A few years earlier, the United Nations stated that cloning people goes against human dignity. That may be a good ruling. But what exactly is dignity, and why do humans have it while intelligent, aware primates(灵长目动物) such as macaques do not?( 如果你问大多数科学家我们是否是动物，你会得到一个有趣的表情。当然，我们是人类！但通常情况下，人类和动物是通过随机划分来区分的。2018年，一对长尾猕猴被克隆用于生物医学研究。几年前，联合国声明克隆人类违背了人类的尊严。这可能是一个很好的裁决。但尊严到底是什么，为什么人类有尊严，而像猕猴这样聪明、有意识的灵长类动物却没有？)”以及第二段中““Dignity” originates in Enlightenment dualist (二元论者) ideas separating cognition from physicality and instinct, and later a new binary emerged: the human mind and our physical bodies.(‘尊严’起源于启蒙运动的二元论思想，将认知与肉体和本能分开，后来出现了一种新的二元观念：人类的心灵和我们的肉体。)”可知，“尊严”这个概念常常被用来区分人类和动物，它源于二元论思想，将人类和动物区分开来。故选A项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“So we demote experiences of fear and promote the idea that knowing fear — recognizing it, naming it — is what matters morally. We brush under the carpet the fact that these cognitive capacities, if present at all, change throughout our lives without altering our moral status. For example, babies experience fear but can’t conceptualize it. This doesn’t alter our belief in their moral subjecthood.( 因此，我们贬低了恐惧的体验，并提倡这样一种观念，即了解恐惧——识别恐惧、指出恐惧——在道德上才是重要的。我们忽略了这样一个事实，即这些认知能力，如果存在的话，会在我们的一生中发生变化，而不会改变我们的道德地位。例如，婴儿会经历恐惧，但无法将其概念化。这并没有改变我们对他们道德主体性的信念。)”可知，作者提到婴儿的例子是为了说明，尽管婴儿能体验到恐惧但不能概念化恐惧，即认知能力有限，但这并不改变我们对他们道德主体性的认知，也就是强调无论认知水平如何，道德地位都是存在的。故选D项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“I conclude that it’s time for a much-needed change in belief that no longer splits the world into unhelpful and unscientific binaries.( 我的结论是，现在是时候改变信念了，不再把世界分成无意义和不科学的二元论。)”以及最后一段中“We urgently need to get a handle on what it means to be an animal and move beyond old-fashioned dualism.( 我们迫切需要弄清楚作为动物意味着什么，并超越老式的二元论。)”可推知，作者认为我们需要改变观念，摆脱那种将世界划分为无意义且不科学的二元论的思维方式。故选A项。 【32题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Ask most scientists if we’re animals and you’ll get a funny look. Of course, we’re humans! But very commonly, humans are set apart from animals using random division. In 2018, a pair of long-tailed macaques were cloned to be used in biomedical research. A few years earlier, the United Nations stated that cloning people goes against human dignity.( 如果你问大多数科学家我们是否是动物，你会得到一个有趣的表情。当然，我们是人类！但通常情况下，人类和动物是通过随机划分来区分的。2018年，一对长尾猕猴被克隆用于生物医学研究。几年前，联合国声明克隆人类违背了人类的尊严。)”可知，文章开篇提出人类常将自己与动物区分开，以“尊严”为例说明这种区分的不合理性，接着阐述了二元论的观念以及其带来的问题，最后呼吁人们摆脱二元论，认识到人类也是动物，身体体验的重要性。A 选项“But We Are Animals, Aren’t We?”（但我们是动物，不是吗？）符合文章主旨，强调我们应该认识到自己也是动物这一事实，适合作为文章的最佳标题。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Very few things in nature are as contagious (传染性的) as a virus. That’s why we take precautions, because no one wants to catch it. But there is something more contagious than a virus. ____33____ Like a virus, emotional contagion works invisibly, and often unconsciously. Our amygdalae (杏仁核) are highly sensitive to emotional signals, especially negative ones. They catch emotional meaning microseconds before our conscious minds are aware of what we’re looking at. That’s why we can quickly develop a vague sense of happiness or sadness from an encounter, before realizing why. ____34____ You can infect someone half a world away, whether they’re reading your email, hearing your voice, or seeing you on a Zoom call. So what does this mean to you? Depending on whether you have a good attitude or a bad one, you either prevent its spread or encourage it. If you go into a call with a customer with discouragement or desperation, you will infect them with your attitude. If you go into a call with the confidence in your ability to help them, you will also infect them. It’s especially important if you’re a leader since everyone pays great attention to everything you say and do. So what should we do? Take active control of your emotional state. ____35____ Be mindful; look inside yourself and name the emotion you are feeling. It’s called labeling, and this simple act places your executive functions back in control. If the emotion you’ re feeling is not the one you wish to portray during this next conversation or meeting, try to change it. If that’s too difficult, at least try to pretend you’re feeling good. ____36____ Our minds often read signals from our bodies, so “fake it till you make it” is actually sound advice. Emotional contagion works both ways, so you also have to guard against catching others’ negative attitudes. Again, it begins with self-awareness. If you have a good handle on your internal feelings, you can counteract other’s negative influences on you. In the end, it is all about personal responsibility. There is enough negativity spreading around, and we can’t control all of it. ____37____ Let’s be contagious in a positive way! A. Unlike a real virus, distance is no protection. B. No one can guarantee to stay positive all the time. C. It’s your attitude, or more precisely, your emotional state. D. Self-awareness is like a vaccine against emotional contagion. E. But we can each determine to avoid being part of the problem. F. Put on a smile, lift your chin, and add some enthusiasm in your voice. G. Here is an explanation of how one’s emotional state is more contagious than a virus. 【答案】33. C 34. A 35. D 36. F 37. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人与人之间的情绪会相互传染，人们应该保持积极的心态，避免消极情绪的传播。 【33题详解】 根据上文“Very few things in nature are as contagious (传染性的) as a virus. That’s why we take precautions, because no one wants to catch it. But there is something more contagious than a virus.( 自然界中很少有东西像病毒一样具有传染性。这就是我们采取预防措施的原因，因为没人想感染它。但有一种东西比病毒更具传染性。)”可知，前文提到很少有东西像病毒一样有传染性，但有比病毒更具传染性的东西，C选项“It’s your attitude, or more precisely, your emotional state.( 是你的态度，或者更确切地说，你的情绪状态。)”可知，指出了比病毒更具传染性的是态度或情绪状态，承接上文。故选C项。 【34题详解】 根据下文“You can infect someone half a world away, whether they’re reading your email, hearing your voice, or seeing you on a Zoom call.( 你可以感染半个世界之外的人，无论他们是在阅读你的电子邮件、听到你的声音，还是在Zoom通话中看到你。)”说明情绪传染不受距离限制。A 选项“Unlike a real virus, distance is no protection.( 与真正的病毒不同，距离无法起到防护作用。)”可知，与后文内容相呼应，上下文紧密连接。故选A项。 【35题详解】 根据上文“Take active control of your emotional state.( 积极控制你的情绪状态。)”以及后文“Be mindful; look inside yourself and name the emotion you are feeling. It’s called labeling, and this simple act places your executive functions back in control.( 要留心；审视自己，说出你所感受到的情绪。这叫做标记，这个简单的行为能让你的执行功能重新掌控局面。)”可知，强调了自我意识对控制情绪的作用。D选项“Self-awareness is like a vaccine against emotional contagion.( 自我意识就像对抗情绪传染的疫苗。)”符合语境，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选D项。 【36题详解】 根据上文“If that’s too difficult, at least try to pretend you’re feeling good.( 如果那太难了，至少试着假装你感觉良好。)”以及后文“Our minds often read signals from our bodies, so “fake it till you make it” is actually sound advice.( 我们的大脑经常会解读来自身体的信号，所以 “先假装，直到成功”实际上是合理的建议。)”可知，描述了假装感觉，F 选项“Put on a smile, lift your chin, and add some enthusiasm in your voice.( 露出微笑，抬起下巴，在你的声音中加入一些热情。)”是对假装感觉良好的具体做法的描述，符合语境。故选F项。 37题详解】 根据上文“There is enough negativity spreading around, and we can’t control all of it.( 周围有足够多的负面情绪在传播，而我们无法控制所有的负面情绪。)”以及后文“Let’s be contagious in a positive way!( 让我们以积极的方式具有感染力吧！)”可知，周围有很多负面情绪在传播，但是我们可以避免，以积极的方式具有感染力，E选项“But we can each determine to avoid being part of the problem.( 但我们每个人都可以决定避免成为问题的一部分。)”起到承上启下的作用，说明虽然不能控制所有负面情绪，但我们可以决定不传播负面情绪，以积极的方式影响他人。故选E项。 第四部分：书面表达(共两节，26分) 第一节(共4小题;第56—58小题各2分，第59小题5分，共11分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Mastering financial literacy — the ability to understand and effectively manage personal finances — is a critical skill that can shape your future success. Financial literacy isn’t something distant or abstract. It’s a set of practical skills that can be developed from an early age. As you start a new school year, it’s an ideal time to explore topics such as budgeting and the importance of responsible spending. You can turn everyday activities into learning opportunities to enhance your financial education. For example, grocery shopping can be a way to practice budgeting. You can help make a shopping list, estimate the prices of items, and discuss why it’s essential to stick to a budget. This not only helps you understand the value of money but also teaches you to compare prices and think about whether you really need to spend more on certain items. When purchasing school supplies or holiday gifts, take a moment to reflect on what you truly need versus what you simply want. Learning to differentiate between “needs” and “wants” will empower you to make smarter spending decisions in the future. Getting involved in family discussions about larger purchases can also help you build financial awareness. Asking questions like, “Do we have enough savings?” You will gain a better understanding of the importance of money management and develop clear financial goals. As you grow older, you’ll need tools to manage your money effectively. Banks offer various tools to support financial literacy at different stages of development. For younger individuals, debit cards with parental controls can provide real-life experience with spending and saving. As you progress into your high school years, you can transition to accounts that offer more independence while still allowing parents to maintain oversight. However, developing financial literacy doesn’t stop when you turn 18. Discussions should continue, focusing on more advanced topics such as credit building, debt management, and long-term financial planning. By starting early and engaging in these financial discussions, you will lay a solid foundation for your future and cultivate good financial habits that will last a lifetime. 38. What is financial literacy according to the passage? ____________________________________________________________________ 39. Why can grocery shopping help practice budgeting? ____________________________________________________________________ 40. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. As you enter high school, you will have access to accounts that give you more independence without parental involvement. ____________________________________________________________________ 41. If you get ¥500 as pocket money, what are you going to do with it to show your financial literacy? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】38. It is the ability to understand and effectively manage personal finance. 39. Because it not only helps you understand the value of money, but also teaches you to compare prices and think about whether you really need to spend more on certain items. 40. As you enter high school, you will have access to accounts that give you more independence without parental involvement. Because according to the passage, as you enter high school, you will have access to accounts that give you more independence while still allowing parents to maintain oversight. 41. I’d like to spend about ¥200 on learning essentials. For example, I may buy some books that will improve my study. Then, I’ll donate a small portion to people in need, possibly through online charity platforms. At last, I will put the remaining money into a bank account. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了掌握金融知识（即理解并有效管理个人财务的能力）是塑造未来成功的关键技能，且这是一套可从小培养的实用技能。 【38题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Mastering financial literacy — the ability to understand and effectively manage personal finances — is a critical skill that can shape your future success.(掌握金融知识——理解和有效管理个人理财的能力——是一项能够塑造你未来成功的关键技能)”可知，金融知识是一种理解和有效管理个人理财的能力。故答案是：It is the ability to understand and effectively manage personal finance. 【39题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“For example, grocery shopping can be a way to practice budgeting. You can help make a shopping list, estimate the prices of items, and discuss why it’s essential to stick to a budget. This not only helps you understand the value of money but also teaches you to compare prices and think about whether you really need to spend more on certain items.(例如，在杂货店购物可以是练习预算的一种方式。你可以帮忙列一个购物清单，估算商品的价格，并讨论为什么坚持预算是必要的。这不仅能帮助你理解钱的价值，还能教会你比较价格，思考是否真的需要在某些东西上花更多的钱)”可知，购物可以帮助练习预算是因为它不仅能帮助你理解钱的价值，还能教会你比较价格，思考你是否真的需要在某些东西上花更多的钱。故答案是：Because it not only helps you understand the value of money, but also teaches you to compare prices and think about whether you really need to spend more on certain items. 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第五段中“For younger individuals, debit cards with parental controls can provide real-life experience with spending and saving. As you progress into your high school years, you can transition to accounts that offer more independence while still allowing parents to maintain oversight.(对于年轻人来说，由父母控制的借记卡可以提供真实的消费和储蓄体验。当你进入高中时，你可以过渡到提供更多独立性的账户，同时仍然允许父母保持监督)”可知，这句话错误的部分是“让你在没有父母干预的情况下更独立。”原因是当你进入高中时，你将有机会使用账户，这将给你更多的独立性，同时仍然允许父母保持监督。故答案是：As you enter high school, you will have access to accounts that give you more independence without parental involvement. Because according to the passage, as you enter high school, you will have access to accounts that give you more independence while still allowing parents to maintain oversight. 【41题详解】 开放性试题。根据文章大意以及题干的意思可知，如果我得到500元作为零用钱，我打算花大约200元在学习必需品上。例如，我可以买一些书，将提高我的学习。然后，我将捐赠一小部分给有需要的人，可能通过在线慈善平台。最后，我会把剩下的钱存入银行账户。故答案是：I’d like to spend about ¥200 on learning essentials. For example, I may buy some books that will improve my study. Then, I’ll donate a small portion to people in need, possibly through online charity platforms. At last, I will put the remaining money into a bank account. 第二节(15分) 42. 请从下面两句名言中任选一句，谈谈你对它的理解，并结合你自身经历或身边的事例进行阐释。(词数100左右) ①Laughter makes you ten years younger. —A Chinese proverb ②I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand. —Xunzi _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Two Possible Versions ①This saying highlights the positive effect of laughter on our physical and mental well-being. It serves as a powerful stress reliever. When we laugh, the level of stress chemicals in our body falls. Also, a good laugh increases blood flow to the heart, thereby helping to protect us from heart disease. I was once overwhelmed with a lot of stress, and I scarcely smiled during those days. One day a friend of mine shared a funny video during lunch. It was so funny that all of us burst into hearty laughter. At that moment, the shadow that had been haunting me faded and a ray of light cracked in. That’s when I realized what laughter means to us. Life may throw bad things at us, but laughter offers a way to rise above them. ②This saying tells us the importance of active engagement in the learning process. Information we hear can be easily forgotten. Visual aids may enhance our memory but that kind of memory can also fade over time. True understanding is often achieved through hands-on activities. When I was little, I had trouble understanding the concept of “fractions.” My teacher explained the definition and the rules in class, and also provided exercises for us, but the term “fraction” still didn’t make much sense to me. The real breakthrough came when my brother and I was sharing a pizza. As I was slicing the pizza, he said he wanted 1/4 of it. That’s when the aha moment came! So, learning by doing might be the best way for us to truly thrive in our education. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生从下面两句名言中任选一句，谈谈你对它的理解，并结合你自身经历或身边的事例进行阐释。 【详解】1.词汇积累 强调：highlight→ stress 有趣的：funny→ interesting 意识到：realize→ be aware of 提供：offer→ provide 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：This saying highlights the positive effect of laughter on our physical and mental well-being. It serves as a powerful stress reliever. 拓展句：This saying highlights the positive effect of laughter on our physical and mental well-being, which serves as a powerful stress reliever. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When we laugh, the level of stress chemicals in our body falls.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句。） 【高分句型2】At that moment, the shadow that had been haunting me faded and a ray of light cracked in.（运用了that引导的定语从句。） 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. field 14. failure 15. Brainstorm 16. persistent 17. The speaker surveyed some of his/ her classmates. 18. ①It teaches us to think and discuss ideas. ②It opens our mind to different viewpoints. ③It improves our historical and cultural awareness. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$