Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题满分范文必背-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）

Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题满分范文必背 审题指导 开头段： 引入话题：通过描述一些常见的能体现过去与现在变化的现象，或者用一个简单的对比性语句来引出要探讨的“过去与现在”这个主题。例如：“Great changes have taken place in our life. The past and the present are like two different pictures, showing us how much we have developed.”（我们的生活发生了巨大的变化。过去和现在就像两幅不同的图画，向我们展示了我们取得了多大的发展。） 主体段： 分方面阐述变化：可以从生活的不同方面，如交通、通讯、居住环境、学习方式等进行对比描述。每个方面自成一段，先描述过去的情况，再介绍现在与之对应的变化。 举例说明：在阐述各方面变化时，适当加入具体的例子，让描述更具说服力。比如在讲交通变化时，可以说“In the past, people usually went to work on foot or by bike because there were few buses. But now, we can take subways, which are fast and convenient. For example, I can reach my workplace in just half an hour by subway while it used to take me more than an hour to walk there.”（过去，人们通常步行或骑自行车上班，因为公交车很少。但现在，我们可以乘坐地铁，它又快又方便。例如，我坐地铁只需半小时就能到达工作地点，而过去步行过去要花一个多小时。） 结尾段： 总结变化并表达感受或展望未来：总结过去到现在整体发生的变化，谈谈自己对于这些变化的感受，或者对未来的发展进行简单的展望。例如：“In conclusion, the changes from the past to the present have made our life much easier and more colorful. I'm looking forward to seeing what more amazing changes will happen in the future.”（总之，从过去到现在的这些变化让我们的生活变得更加轻松、更加丰富多彩。我期待着看到未来还会发生哪些更令人惊叹的变化。） 词汇积累 描述过去的词汇： ago（以前），in the past（在过去），used to（过去常常），long time ago（很久以前），back then（当时），former（以前的），previous（先前的），primitive（原始的）等。 描述现在的词汇： nowadays（如今），at present（目前），currently（当前），in modern society（在现代社会），recently（最近），advanced（先进的），convenient（方便的），modernized（现代化的）等。 体现变化的词汇： change（变化），transform（转变），improve（改善），develop（发展），upgrade（升级），replace（取代），alter（改变），evolve（演变）等。 常用句子 开头句示例： Time flies! When we look back on the past and then focus on the present, we can't help being amazed at the huge changes that have occurred.（时光飞逝！当我们回顾过去，再着眼于现在时，不禁会对已经发生的巨大变化感到惊叹。） There is no denying that our life has witnessed a remarkable transformation from the past to the present.（不可否认，我们的生活见证了从过去到现在的显著转变。） 主体段对比描述句子示例： 交通方面： In the past, the main means of transportation were horses and carriages. However, nowadays, various vehicles like cars, high-speed trains and airplanes have become common, enabling us to travel to faraway places in a short time.（过去，主要的交通工具是马车。然而，如今，像汽车、高铁和飞机等各种各样的交通工具已经很常见了，使我们能够在短时间内去到遥远的地方。） 通讯方面： Years ago, people communicated with each other mainly by writing letters which took a long time to be delivered. In contrast, at present, we can use mobile phones and the Internet to keep in touch with others instantly.（多年前，人们主要通过写信相互交流，信件需要很长时间才能送达。相比之下，目前，我们可以使用手机和互联网即时与他人保持联系。） 居住环境方面： Previously, people lived in small and simple houses with poor facilities. But now, many families have moved into spacious apartments or comfortable villas equipped with modern household appliances.（以前，人们住在狭小且设施简陋的房子里。但现在，许多家庭都搬进了宽敞的公寓或配备了现代化家电的舒适别墅里。） 结尾句示例： All in all, the past is a memory while the present is a reality filled with opportunities and comforts, and we should cherish these changes and continue to work hard for a better future.（总而言之，过去是一段回忆，而现在是充满机遇和舒适的现实，我们应该珍惜这些变化，并继续为更美好的未来努力工作。） From the comparison between the past and the present, we can clearly see the progress of our society, and I believe we will enjoy an even more wonderful life in the days to come.（从过去和现在的对比中，我们可以清楚地看到我们社会的进步，我相信在未来的日子里我们将享受更加美好的生活。） 满分范文练 1．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）又到了春暖花开的时节，宿迁迎来了全国各地的游客。假如你是宿迁晚报的英语小导游，请你根据下表中的内容提示，用英语向来宾做一个解说。 过去 1. 生活贫困，房子老旧； 2. 上班骑车或步行； 3. 人们听收音机来放松； 现在 1. 已成为一座现代化城市，污染少，以骆马湖（Luoma Lake）闻名； 2. 上班……旅行乘…… 3. 人们喜欢……阅读…… 出游 1. 春天是旅行最好的时节，宿迁有很多名胜，如三台山森林公园（Santai Mountain Forest Park）；在那里，我们可以…… 2. 去当地餐馆，品各种美食…… 注意： 1. 词数90左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 内容须包括所给要点，可适当发挥，条理清楚、语句连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等信息。 Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Suqian! Let me introduce the beautiful city to you. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 【答案】例文 Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Suqian! Let me introduce the beautiful city to you. In the past, people lived a poor life and they lived in small old houses. They rode bikes or walked to work. People relaxed themselves by listening to the radio. Now it has become a modern city. It has less pollution. It is famous for Luoma Lake. People go to work by bus and travel by train or plane. People like reading books, because reading can create a new world for them. Spring is the best time to travel. There are many places of interest in Suqian, such as Santai Mountain Forest Park. There we can fly kites, climb mountains and so on. You can also go to local restaurants to taste all kinds of delicious food. I hope that you will enjoy your stay in Suqian. That’s all. Thank you! 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇应用文，为解说稿。 ② 时态：一般过去时、一般现在时； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏表格中宿迁的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“让我给你介绍一下这座美丽的城市”来引出重点介绍的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“过去、现在、出游等”几个方面重点介绍宿迁的具体情况； 第三步，书写结语。表达“希望在宿迁过得愉快”的愿望。 [亮点词汇] ① lived a poor life 过着贫困的生活 ② relaxed themselves 放松自己 ③ is famous for 以……而闻名 ④ places of interest 名胜古迹 ⑤ all kinds of 各种各样的 ⑥ enjoy your stay 住得愉快 [高分句型] ① People like reading books, because reading can create a new world for them.（because引导原因状语从句） ② Spring is the best time to travel.（动词不定式作定语） ③ You can also go to local restaurants to taste all kinds of delicious food.（动词不定式作目的状语） ④ I hope that you will enjoy your stay in Suqian.（that引导宾语从句） 2．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）假设你叫李华，在网络上读到来自英国的Simon的一封电子邮件，介绍了他家乡的变化和他的个人爱好，你打算回写一封电子邮件给他，向他介绍你家乡南京的变化和你的个人爱好。要点如下： 1)家乡变化（环境、交通、生活条件） 2)爱好情况（阅读、旅游或运动等等及理由） 3)个人观点 要求：1)适当增加细节；2)表达清楚、语法正确、上下文连贯；3)词数要求 100 词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Simon. I’m very glad to read your email. You told me about the changes to your hometown and your hobby. Now, I’d like to tell you about mine. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】例文： Dear Simon. I’m very glad to read your email. You told me about the changes to your hometown and your hobby. Now, I’d like to tell you about mine. There have been great changes in my hometown Nanjing. In the past ten years, my hometown has changed a lot. The roads are wide. There are green trees on both sides of the road. The air is fresh. Most people have moved into new flats. Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall and Mausoleum of the Ming Emperor are famous all over the country. I have many hobbies. I like reading best. I spend two hours reading different types of books. Reading can improve my knowledge. Good books are like good friends. Reading can also help us relax. And it opens up a whole new world to me. In my opinion, we must love our hometown. We also need to read more books and contribute to the construction of our hometown. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：现在完成时，一般现在时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当添加细节，突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作目的。开头已给出； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“家乡变化、个人爱好”的角度具体展开； 第三步，书写结语。表达个人观点。 [亮点词汇] ①in the past ten years在过去的十年中 ②be famous all over the country全国闻名 [高分句型] ①There have been great changes in my hometown Nanjing.（there be句型；现在完成时） 3．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）请根据所给问题提示，以“My hometown — Funing”为题用英文写一篇短文，向大家介绍你的家乡。内容如下： 1. How has your hometown changed over the years? 2. If your relatives and friends come, where will you take them to visit? 3. What will you do for your hometown? 注意：1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2. 作文应包括所有相关信息，并作适当发挥； 3. 词数100左右。 My hometown — Funing ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： My hometown — Funing Funing, my hometown, has changed a lot over the years. It used to be a small town, but now it’s a big city. There are many new buildings and shops. If my family and friends come to visit, I would take them to see the Funing Temple. It’s a very old and beautiful temple. We would also go to the Grand Theater. It’s a big theater where people can watch shows. And of course, we would eat the delicious Funing Crab! I love my hometown and I want to make it a better place. I will study hard and get a good job so that I can help my community. I will also volunteer my time to help others. I believe that together, we can make Funing an even better place to live. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏信息提示的内容，适当增加细节，并且突出写作的要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。直接说明要介绍自己的家乡及家乡近些年来的变化； 第二步，介绍亲朋好友来了去哪里参观； 第三步，介绍你讲要为家乡做的事。 [亮点词汇] ①used to be过去是 ②so that以便 ③even甚至 [高分句型] ①It’s a big theater where people can watch shows. (定语从句) ②I will study hard and get a good job so that I can help my community. (目的状语从句) 4．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习）Alice 是一位八年级的英国中学生，一直想来南通旅行，迟迟没能达成。假设你是她的中国笔友李华，请根据下面提纲，给Alice写一封信，介绍南通，帮助其了解南通。 注意事项： 1. 短文应包括所给内容要点，……处可适当发挥，使文章连贯。 2. 词数90 左右，信件首尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Alice, I haven’t heard from you for a long time. How are you going? I know you’re quite interested in Nantong. Here is something about my hometown. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ All the best, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Alice,   I haven’t heard from you for a long time. How are you going? I know you’re quite interested in Nantong. Here is something about my hometown. Nantong is in the southeast of Jiangsu Province. There are 7,749,000 people in Nantong. It is a modern and beautiful city. In the past few years, great changes have taken place in Nantong. In the past, there were only narrow and dirty roads here. There was rubbish everywhere. But now the streets are wide and clean with many green trees on both sides. A few years ago, people lived in old houses. Now most of them have moved into apartments. They used to listen to the radio or watch TV in their free time, but now most families have computers and the Internet. In the past, people travelled by bike or on foot, but now they can drive or take the bus to get around.    I love my hometown because it is getting better and better. Many people live a comfortable life. I hope you will visit it someday. All the best, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇书信作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息”中“南通的基本信息（地理位置，人口数量等），变化（环境方面，交通运输方面）和我的看法”，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“我好久没有你的消息了。”来引出重点介绍的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“南通的相关信息，过去和现在的变化”重点介绍南通； 第三步，书写结语。表达“我希望有一天你能参观它。” [亮点词汇] ① in the past在过去 ② used to do sth过去常常做某事 [高分句型] ① I love my hometown because it is getting better and better.（because引导的原因状语从句） ② I hope you will visit it someday.（省略that的宾语从句） 5．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·阶段练习）假设你是Simon，是江南晚报的记者，想要写一篇关于介绍无锡的简讯，希望让更多的人了解你家乡无锡的情况。 内容提示如下： 1. 无锡位于中国东部； 2. 无锡有许多自然景观，因太湖（Tai Lake）而出名，过去许多工厂经常向湖里倾倒废弃物； 3. 最近政府已经采取措施改善形势，把一些工厂变成了公园； 4. 每天我们都能看到许多人来参观；每年来无锡的最好的时间是四月和五月； 5. 我希望…… 注意： 1. 短文须包括所给内容要点，词数90个左右，要求语句通顺，意思连贯； 2. 第5要点内容共须用1～2句话展开合理想象，作适当发挥。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Wuxi lies in the east of China. There are lots of places of natural beauty in it. It is famous for Tai Lake. In the past, many factories put its waste into the lake. Recently the government has taken action to improve the situation. It has turned some factories into the parks. Every day we can see lots of people come to visit Wuxi. The best time to come to Wuxi is in April and May. I hope you can come and visit soon. I’ll show you around it. I’m sure you’ll have great fun. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，要注意不要遗漏材料提示的内容，并适当增加细节，完善表述内容。 [写作步骤] ①第一步，介绍无锡的地理位置； ②第二步，介绍无锡的景观，以及这个城市过去面临的问题，和现在的变化； ③第三步，书写结语，希望广大游客前来参观。 [亮点词汇] ①lie in 位于 ②be famous for 因……而著名 ③take action to do sth 采取措施做某事 ④turn...into 把……变成 ⑤have fun 玩得开心，过得愉快 [高分句型] ①There are lots of places of natural beauty in it.（there be句型） ②I hope you can come and visit soon.（宾语从句） 6．（22-23八年级下·江苏南通·开学考试）根据表格提示，请把家乡人生活的巨大变化及自己的感受写在博客上，与大家分享。题目已给出。 要求： 1. 用完表格中所有信息，省略号部分自行发挥； 2. 词数不少于80词，注意书写； 3. 不得抄袭，不得套作； 4. 文章中请勿出现真实姓名、校名。 过去 现在 环境 道路狭窄肮脏，巨大的开阔地 宽阔干净的街道，绿树成荫，高楼林立 交通 步行，自行车 公交车，出租车，地铁，自驾车 住房 破旧 宽敞明亮的公寓 娱乐 听收音机 看电视，上网聊天 感受 …… The changes in my hometown ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 The changes in my hometown Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the years. In the past, the roads in the city were narrow and dirty. And there was huge open space. But now the streets are wide and clean, with many green trees on both sides. In addition, the government has also built a lot of high-rise buildings. In the past, we lived in a small house. Most of us have moved into new apartments now, which are lager and brighter. We used to listen to the radio in our spare time, but now most families have televisions and the Internet. In the past, we could only walk or ride bicycles to a certain place, but now there are various vehicles to choose, such as buses, taxis and subways. We even have our own cars, making traveling in the city easier. Now we are enjoying a relaxed and comfortable life. I hope our lives will get better and better in the future. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：“一般现在时”、“一般过去时”及“现在完成时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏题干提示信息，适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。开篇点出写作主题； 第二步，具体阐述家乡发生了哪些变化； 第三步，书写结语。表达自己对家乡变化的感受。 [亮点词汇] ①take place发生 ②used to过去常常 ③in one’s spare time在某人的业余时间 [高分句型] ①Most of us have moved into new apartments now, which are lager and brighter. (which引导的定语从句) ②I hope our lives will get better and better in the future. (省略that的宾语从句) 7．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习）美丽南通，魅力海安。海安是一座美丽的历史文化名城。假如你是李明，请根据以下内容，用英语为海安网站写一篇短文，向他人介绍一下美丽城市——海安。 注意： 1. 词数90左右，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 内容须包括所给要点，可适当发挥，条理清楚、语句连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实人名、校名等信息。 Hi! Let me introduce my hometown to you. Hai’an is a famous historic and cultural city. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Hi! Let me introduce my hometown to you. Hai’an is a famous historic and cultural city. It lies in the middle of Jiangsu Province and owns all kinds of natural resources. It has many places of interest with a long history, attracting many visitors throughout the country. The local culture and food are also the highlights of the tourism. In the past, Hai’an was polluted heavily. Both of the sides of the street were full of rubbish, which made the city dirty. Also, a great deal of waste pollution was poured into the rivers and lakes. But at present, many changes have taken place in my hometown. The rivers are much clearer than before. An increasing number of plants and animals turn up at times. In my opinion, I feel glad to see these changes. I am firmly convinced that with our effort, my hometown will be better and better. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，要注意不要遗漏材料中的内容，并适当增加细节。 [写作步骤] ①第一步，表明写作意图。借用“我的家乡——海安”来引出下文中对海安的介绍； ②第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“地理位置、历史文化、自然环境和个人感受”四方面入手，重点介绍海安； ③第三步，书写结语。希望海安越来越好。 [亮点词汇] ①lie in 位于 ②all kinds of 各种各样的 ③places of interest 名胜古迹 ④be full of 充满 ⑤a great deal of 大量的 ⑥pour into 倒入 ⑦at present 现在 ⑧turn up 出现 ⑨at times有时，偶尔 ⑩in one’s opinion 在某人看来 [高分句型] ①Both of the sides of the street were full of rubbish, which made the city dirty.（which引导的定语从句） 8．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·阶段练习）请你根据下面的提示，以“Changes to my hometown”为题，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文。 内容： 1. 过去：至少举两例说明； 2. 现在：从环境、交通（泰州火车站已投入使用be in use）、通讯、生活等方面； 3. 对家乡未来的畅想（至少一句）。 要求： 1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2）必须包括表格中所有的相关信息，并适当发挥； 3）词数：100词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 Changes to my hometown My hometown has changed a lot over the past years. In the past, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At present, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Changes to my hometown My hometown has changed a lot over the past years. In the past, there used to be old houses. The river was very dirty. We could hardly see the blue sky. At present, there are many tall buildings in my hometown. The river is clean and the water is clear. There is less pollution than before. When I was young, the roads were narrow and the transportation conditions were hard. People went to work on foot or by bike. It took a lot of time. As time goes by, it has changed. TaiZhou Station and TaiZhou Airport have been in use for several years. There are many ring roads. People usually go to work by bus or by train even by plane. It was hard to keep touch with others in the past. But now we can talk on the phone and we can also surf the Internet to send mails or to chat online. It is very easy. Now we live a happy life. To keep healthy, many people take an active part in sports. I am glad to see these great changes in my hometown. I hope my hometown will be better and better. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍家乡过去的样子； 第二步，从环境、交通、通讯、生活等方面介绍家乡现在的样子； 第三步，对家乡未来的畅想。 [亮点词汇] ①as time goes by随着时间的流逝 ②keep touch with保持联系 ③take an active part in积极参与 [高分句型] ①When I was young, the roads were narrow and the transportation conditions were hard.（when引导的时间状语从句） ②To keep healthy, many people take an active part in sports.（不定式表目的） 9．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）四月芳菲醉，人间仲春时。运河三千里，醉美是淮安。近些年来，我们的家乡淮安，这座历史文化名城发生了巨大的变化。水润淮安书润心，全民阅读正当时。共建书香淮安，再创典范城市。假如你是淮安形象宣传大使，写一篇文章描述家乡淮安的变化，并介绍你的阅读习惯，让我们在阅读中成就更美好的自己。 Great changes have taken place in Huai’an over the years. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Great changes have taken place in Huai’an over the years.   In the past, the roads which were dirty and tough have been changed into the smooth ones in Huai’an. There were small and dark classrooms in the school before. But the classrooms have become big and bright now. The historical and cultural buildings were damaged, but now they have been protected and restored. So many visitors around the country come here to visit them. With the development and big changes of our city, people are interested in reading books. I often read classic books after class and on weekends. I take notes of beautiful sentences in the books and share them with my friends. My classmates and I join the reading club in the school to read books together. I hope that everyone will have a better future by reading books. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文。 ②时态：时态为一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中家乡淮安的变化的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“假如你是淮安形象宣传大使，写一篇文章描述家乡淮安的变化，并介绍你的阅读习惯，让我们在阅读中成就更美好的自己”来引出重点介绍的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“交通变化、教室变化、读书等”几个方面重点介绍家乡淮安的变化的具体情况； 第三步，书写结语，表达“我希望每个人都能通过读书有一个更好的未来”的愿望。 [亮点词汇] ①change into变成； ②around the country全国各地； ③be interested in对……感兴趣； ④share sth with sb和某人分享某物。 [高分句型] ①There were small and dark classrooms in the school before. (There be句型) ②With the development and big changes of our city, people are interested in reading books (动名词作宾语) 10．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习）某英文报举办以“家乡的变化”为主题的征文活动。请你根据下表提示，以“The changes in my hometown”为题，用英语写一篇90词左右的短文。 过去 1.生活贫困（live a poor life），房屋破旧 2.污染严重，垃圾满地 3.交通不便，游客很少 现在 l. 生活：住房宽敞明亮，许多人有自己的小汽车 2.环境：山更绿，水更清，天更蓝 3. 旅游：每年有成千上万来自世界各地的游客 将来 …… 参考词汇：方便的 convenient The changes in my hometown In the past, my hometown was very small. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： The changes in my hometown In the past, my hometown was very small. People lived a poor life. The houses were old. The pollution was serious, and there was rubbish everywhere. The traffic was not very convenient, so few visitors came here. Now great changes have taken place here. Most people live in large and bright flats. Many people have their own cars. The environment has also become more beautiful. The mountains have turned greener, the rivers are cleaner and the sky is bluer. Every year, thousands of visitors from all over the world come to visit my hometown. I’m sure my hometown will become better and better in the future. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：一般现在时，一般过去时和现在完成时； ③提示：写作提示已给出，考生应注意结合具体语境使用正确的时态，适当发挥，使上下文连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，描写家乡过去的情景； 第二步，描写家乡现在的情景； 第三步，书写结语，表示相信家乡会变得越来越好。 [亮点词汇] ①convenient方便的 ②thousands of成千上万 [高分句型] ①I’m sure my hometown will become better and better in the future.（省略that的宾语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题满分范文必背 审题指导 开头段： 引入话题：通过描述一些常见的能体现过去与现在变化的现象，或者用一个简单的对比性语句来引出要探讨的“过去与现在”这个主题。例如：“Great changes have taken place in our life. The past and the present are like two different pictures, showing us how much we have developed.”（我们的生活发生了巨大的变化。过去和现在就像两幅不同的图画，向我们展示了我们取得了多大的发展。） 主体段： 分方面阐述变化：可以从生活的不同方面，如交通、通讯、居住环境、学习方式等进行对比描述。每个方面自成一段，先描述过去的情况，再介绍现在与之对应的变化。 举例说明：在阐述各方面变化时，适当加入具体的例子，让描述更具说服力。比如在讲交通变化时，可以说“In the past, people usually went to work on foot or by bike because there were few buses. But now, we can take subways, which are fast and convenient. For example, I can reach my workplace in just half an hour by subway while it used to take me more than an hour to walk there.”（过去，人们通常步行或骑自行车上班，因为公交车很少。但现在，我们可以乘坐地铁，它又快又方便。例如，我坐地铁只需半小时就能到达工作地点，而过去步行过去要花一个多小时。） 结尾段： 总结变化并表达感受或展望未来：总结过去到现在整体发生的变化，谈谈自己对于这些变化的感受，或者对未来的发展进行简单的展望。例如：“In conclusion, the changes from the past to the present have made our life much easier and more colorful. I'm looking forward to seeing what more amazing changes will happen in the future.”（总之，从过去到现在的这些变化让我们的生活变得更加轻松、更加丰富多彩。我期待着看到未来还会发生哪些更令人惊叹的变化。） 词汇积累 描述过去的词汇： ago（以前），in the past（在过去），used to（过去常常），long time ago（很久以前），back then（当时），former（以前的），previous（先前的），primitive（原始的）等。 描述现在的词汇： nowadays（如今），at present（目前），currently（当前），in modern society（在现代社会），recently（最近），advanced（先进的），convenient（方便的），modernized（现代化的）等。 体现变化的词汇： change（变化），transform（转变），improve（改善），develop（发展），upgrade（升级），replace（取代），alter（改变），evolve（演变）等。 常用句子 开头句示例： Time flies! When we look back on the past and then focus on the present, we can't help being amazed at the huge changes that have occurred.（时光飞逝！当我们回顾过去，再着眼于现在时，不禁会对已经发生的巨大变化感到惊叹。） There is no denying that our life has witnessed a remarkable transformation from the past to the present.（不可否认，我们的生活见证了从过去到现在的显著转变。） 主体段对比描述句子示例： 交通方面： In the past, the main means of transportation were horses and carriages. However, nowadays, various vehicles like cars, high-speed trains and airplanes have become common, enabling us to travel to faraway places in a short time.（过去，主要的交通工具是马车。然而，如今，像汽车、高铁和飞机等各种各样的交通工具已经很常见了，使我们能够在短时间内去到遥远的地方。） 通讯方面： Years ago, people communicated with each other mainly by writing letters which took a long time to be delivered. In contrast, at present, we can use mobile phones and the Internet to keep in touch with others instantly.（多年前，人们主要通过写信相互交流，信件需要很长时间才能送达。相比之下，目前，我们可以使用手机和互联网即时与他人保持联系。） 居住环境方面： Previously, people lived in small and simple houses with poor facilities. But now, many families have moved into spacious apartments or comfortable villas equipped with modern household appliances.（以前，人们住在狭小且设施简陋的房子里。但现在，许多家庭都搬进了宽敞的公寓或配备了现代化家电的舒适别墅里。） 结尾句示例： All in all, the past is a memory while the present is a reality filled with opportunities and comforts, and we should cherish these changes and continue to work hard for a better future.（总而言之，过去是一段回忆，而现在是充满机遇和舒适的现实，我们应该珍惜这些变化，并继续为更美好的未来努力工作。） From the comparison between the past and the present, we can clearly see the progress of our society, and I believe we will enjoy an even more wonderful life in the days to come.（从过去和现在的对比中，我们可以清楚地看到我们社会的进步，我相信在未来的日子里我们将享受更加美好的生活。） 满分范文练 1．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）又到了春暖花开的时节，宿迁迎来了全国各地的游客。假如你是宿迁晚报的英语小导游，请你根据下表中的内容提示，用英语向来宾做一个解说。 过去 1. 生活贫困，房子老旧； 2. 上班骑车或步行； 3. 人们听收音机来放松； 现在 1. 已成为一座现代化城市，污染少，以骆马湖（Luoma Lake）闻名； 2. 上班……旅行乘…… 3. 人们喜欢……阅读…… 出游 1. 春天是旅行最好的时节，宿迁有很多名胜，如三台山森林公园（Santai Mountain Forest Park）；在那里，我们可以…… 2. 去当地餐馆，品各种美食…… 注意： 1. 词数90左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 内容须包括所给要点，可适当发挥，条理清楚、语句连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等信息。 Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Suqian! Let me introduce the beautiful city to you. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 2．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）假设你叫李华，在网络上读到来自英国的Simon的一封电子邮件，介绍了他家乡的变化和他的个人爱好，你打算回写一封电子邮件给他，向他介绍你家乡南京的变化和你的个人爱好。要点如下： 1)家乡变化（环境、交通、生活条件） 2)爱好情况（阅读、旅游或运动等等及理由） 3)个人观点 要求：1)适当增加细节；2)表达清楚、语法正确、上下文连贯；3)词数要求 100 词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Simon. I’m very glad to read your email. You told me about the changes to your hometown and your hobby. Now, I’d like to tell you about mine. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 3．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）请根据所给问题提示，以“My hometown — Funing”为题用英文写一篇短文，向大家介绍你的家乡。内容如下： 1. How has your hometown changed over the years? 2. If your relatives and friends come, where will you take them to visit? 3. What will you do for your hometown? 注意：1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2. 作文应包括所有相关信息，并作适当发挥； 3. 词数100左右。 My hometown — Funing ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习）Alice 是一位八年级的英国中学生，一直想来南通旅行，迟迟没能达成。假设你是她的中国笔友李华，请根据下面提纲，给Alice写一封信，介绍南通，帮助其了解南通。 注意事项： 1. 短文应包括所给内容要点，……处可适当发挥，使文章连贯。 2. 词数90 左右，信件首尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Alice, I haven’t heard from you for a long time. How are you going? I know you’re quite interested in Nantong. Here is something about my hometown. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ All the best, Li Hua 5．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·阶段练习）假设你是Simon，是江南晚报的记者，想要写一篇关于介绍无锡的简讯，希望让更多的人了解你家乡无锡的情况。 内容提示如下： 1. 无锡位于中国东部； 2. 无锡有许多自然景观，因太湖（Tai Lake）而出名，过去许多工厂经常向湖里倾倒废弃物； 3. 最近政府已经采取措施改善形势，把一些工厂变成了公园； 4. 每天我们都能看到许多人来参观；每年来无锡的最好的时间是四月和五月； 5. 我希望…… 注意： 1. 短文须包括所给内容要点，词数90个左右，要求语句通顺，意思连贯； 2. 第5要点内容共须用1～2句话展开合理想象，作适当发挥。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．（22-23八年级下·江苏南通·开学考试）根据表格提示，请把家乡人生活的巨大变化及自己的感受写在博客上，与大家分享。题目已给出。 要求： 1. 用完表格中所有信息，省略号部分自行发挥； 2. 词数不少于80词，注意书写； 3. 不得抄袭，不得套作； 4. 文章中请勿出现真实姓名、校名。 过去 现在 环境 道路狭窄肮脏，巨大的开阔地 宽阔干净的街道，绿树成荫，高楼林立 交通 步行，自行车 公交车，出租车，地铁，自驾车 住房 破旧 宽敞明亮的公寓 娱乐 听收音机 看电视，上网聊天 感受 …… The changes in my hometown ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习）美丽南通，魅力海安。海安是一座美丽的历史文化名城。假如你是李明，请根据以下内容，用英语为海安网站写一篇短文，向他人介绍一下美丽城市——海安。 注意： 1. 词数90左右，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 内容须包括所给要点，可适当发挥，条理清楚、语句连贯； 3. 文中不得出现真实人名、校名等信息。 Hi! Let me introduce my hometown to you. Hai’an is a famous historic and cultural city. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·阶段练习）请你根据下面的提示，以“Changes to my hometown”为题，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文。 内容： 1. 过去：至少举两例说明； 2. 现在：从环境、交通（泰州火车站已投入使用be in use）、通讯、生活等方面； 3. 对家乡未来的畅想（至少一句）。 要求： 1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2）必须包括表格中所有的相关信息，并适当发挥； 3）词数：100词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。 Changes to my hometown My hometown has changed a lot over the past years. In the past, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At present, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9．（22-23八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）四月芳菲醉，人间仲春时。运河三千里，醉美是淮安。近些年来，我们的家乡淮安，这座历史文化名城发生了巨大的变化。水润淮安书润心，全民阅读正当时。共建书香淮安，再创典范城市。假如你是淮安形象宣传大使，写一篇文章描述家乡淮安的变化，并介绍你的阅读习惯，让我们在阅读中成就更美好的自己。 Great changes have taken place in Huai’an over the years. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习）某英文报举办以“家乡的变化”为主题的征文活动。请你根据下表提示，以“The changes in my hometown”为题，用英语写一篇90词左右的短文。 过去 1.生活贫困（live a poor life），房屋破旧 2.污染严重，垃圾满地 3.交通不便，游客很少 现在 l. 生活：住房宽敞明亮，许多人有自己的小汽车 2.环境：山更绿，水更清，天更蓝 3. 旅游：每年有成千上万来自世界各地的游客 将来 …… 参考词汇：方便的 convenient The changes in my hometown In the past, my hometown was very small. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$