内容正文:
Unit2 Neighbourhood
知识清单(七大知识题型)总梳理
·模块一 课本词汇清单
·模块二 词汇详解清单
·模块三 重点短语清单
·模块四 核心知识清单
·模块五 重点语法清单
·模块六 书面表达清单
模块一
课本词汇清单
根据中文意思补全单词
1.餐厅,餐馆 r___ ___ta___rant
2.问题,困难;麻烦 trou___l___
3.如此;这样的 ___ ___c___
4.洗衣机 was___ing machine
5.信息,消息 informa___ion
6.帖子,博文;邮件 ___ ___st
7.工程师 eng___ ___e___r
8.使整洁,整理 t___d___
9.在(或到)下面 ___el___w
10.邀请 i___vit___
11.在任何时候 a___y ___ ___me
12.能够 a___l___
13.长椅 b___nch
14.匆忙 i___ ___urry
15.某人 so___eone
16.筹募 r___ ___s___
17.偶尔,不时 from tim___ to time
18.检查,核查 che___ ___
19.法律,法规,规则 ___ ___w
20.警察局,派出所 poli___e station
21.捡起,拾起 pick u___
22.垃圾,废弃物 r___bbish
23.志愿者 v___l___nteer
24.修理 rep___ ___r
25.任何事物 anyt___ing
26.发烧;狂热 f___v___ ___
27.街区,邻近的地方 neigh___our___ood
28.出了毛病的,破损的 br___ ___ ___n
29.笔记本电脑 lap___ ___ ___
30.站,所,局 st___t___o___
31.社区 ___ommun___ty
32.赠送;分发 giv___ away
33.愿意做某事 be wil___ing to d___ st___
34.琢磨,想知道 ___onde___
35.组织,安排 ___rganize
36.在(或向)….上面 abov___
37.愿意,乐意 willi___ ___
38.通知 n___tice
39.学院;(美)大学 colle___ ___
40.处理,应付 deal wit___
41.邻居 nei___h___o___r
42.咽喉,喉咙 ___hroa___
43.疼痛的,酸痛的 so___ ___
44.警察,警员 po___ic___ officer
45.交换生 ex___hange student
46.如果 ___f
47.任何人 ___ ___yone
48.交流 ___ ___ch___nge
49.律师 l___w___er
50.冰箱 ___rid___ ___
51.高级职员,官员 of___ ___cer
52.机器,机械装置 ___ ___c___ine
参考答案:
1.餐厅,餐馆 restaurant
2.问题,困难;麻烦 trouble
3.如此;这样的 such
4.洗衣机 washing machine
5.信息,消息 information
6.帖子,博文;邮件 post
7.工程师 engineer
8.使整洁,整理 tidy
9.在(或到)下面 below
10.邀请 invite
11.在任何时候 any time
12.能够 able
13.长椅 bench
14.匆忙 in a hurry
15.某人 someone
16.筹募 raise
17.偶尔,不时 from time to time
18.检查,核查 check
19.法律,法规,规则 law
20.警察局,派出所 police station
21.捡起,拾起 pick up
22.垃圾,废弃物 rubbish
23.志愿者 volunteer
24.修理 repair
25.任何事物 anything
26.发烧;狂热 fever
27.街区,邻近的地方 neighbourhood
28.出了毛病的,破损的 broken
29.笔记本电脑 laptop
30.站,所,局 station
31.社区 community
32.赠送;分发 give away
33.愿意做某事 be willing to do sth
34.琢磨,想知道 wonder
35.组织,安排 organize
36.在(或向)….上面 above
37.愿意,乐意 willing
38.通知 notice
39.学院;(美)大学 college
40.处理,应付 deal with
41.邻居 neighbour
42.咽喉,喉咙 throat
43.疼痛的,酸痛的 sore
44.警察,警员 police officer
45.交换生 exchange student
46.如果 if
47.任何人 anyone
48.交流 exchange
49.律师 lawyer
50.冰箱 fridge
51.高级职员,官员 officer
52.机器,机械装置 machine
模块二
词汇详解清单
单词/短语
音标
释义
页码
拓展
*neighbourhood
/'neɪbəhʊd/
n.(AmE neighborhood)街区;邻近的地方
18
region: 普通用词,常指地球上、大气中具有自然分界线的区域,特指按照气候、人体或其他特征鲜明、自成一体的地区。
area: 普通用词,指整体中较大的,界线不分明的一部分。
section: 普通用词,指城市、国家或天然界线形成的地区。
zone: 科技用词,指圆形或弧形地带,尤指地图上按温度划分的五个地带。用作一般意义时,也可指具有某种特征的其它地区。
quarter: 指城市里具有相同性质或独特风味的地区,比section范围小,但划分更精确。
neighbourhood: 指比section的划定更清楚,范围更小。具体指城市中的住宅区,也可指附近一带。
officer
/'ɒfɪsə/
n.高级职员,官员
19
police officer n. 警官;警员
office n. 办公室;营业处;官职;政府机关
official n. 行政官员 adj. 公务的, 公职的;官方的, 正式的
police officer
n.警察,警员
19
station
/'steɪʃ(ə)n/
n.站,所,局
19
police station
n.警察局,派出所
19
restaurant
/ˈrest(ə)rɒnt/
n.餐厅,餐馆
19
Chinese restaurant 中餐厅;中餐馆
neighbour
/'neɪbə/
n.(AmE neighbor)邻居
19
above
/ə'bʌv/
prep.在(或向)...上面 adv.在(向)上面
19
above all 首先;尤其是
from above 从…上面;从上级;从天上
all above 以上都是;所有上面的
all of the above 上述全部
above: 一般指位置高于某物,但不一定在正上方,也不接触另一物,其反义词是below。
on: 指与另一物表面相接触。
over: 指一物在另一物的垂直上方,多暗示悬空,但也含“覆盖于……之上”之意。其反义词是under。
lawyer
/'lɔːjə/
n.律师
19
criminal lawyer 刑事律师
law
/lɔː/
n.法律,法规;规则
19
by law n. 根据法律,在法律上;附则
law: 普通用词,泛指由最高当局所制订、立法机构所通过的任何成文或不成文的法规或条例。
regulation: 普通用词,指用于管理、指导或控制某系统或组织的规则、规定或原则等。
rule: 通常指机关、团体的规章、条例或比赛规则;也指对人行为、方法等所作的规定,还可指习俗所承认的规定。
act: 指经立法机构通过并由行政管理签署的法案。
community
/kə'mjuːnɪtɪ/
n.社区
19
community center 社区活动中心
economic community 经济共同体
world community 国际社会;世界共同体
from time to time
偶尔,不时
19
volunteer
/ˌvɒlən'tɪə/
n.志愿者
vi.&vt.自愿做,义务做,无偿做
20
时 态: volunteered, volunteering, volunteers
volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事
laptop
/ˈlæpˌtɔp/
n.笔记本电脑
20
engineer
/endʒɪ'nɪə/
n.工程师
20
chief engineer 总工程师
computer engineer 电脑工程师;计算机工程师
check
/tʃek/
vt.&n.检查,核查
20
check in: 登记;办理登记手续;报到;签入
check out: 办理退房手续;结帐后离开;结账后离开;检验
broken
/'brəʊk(ə)n/
adj.出了毛病的,破损的
20
break -- broke – broken - breaking - breaks
break through 突破;突围;有重要创见
break up 打碎,破碎;结束;解散;衰落
break down 分解;发生故障;失败;毁掉;制服
take a break 休息一下
break out v. 爆发;突发
break in 打断;闯入;训练;使逐渐习惯
break into 闯入;破门而入
break away from vt. 放弃;脱离……
break with v. 结束;与…绝交,和…断绝关系;和…决裂
break off 折断;突然停止,暂停
break out of 摆脱(束缚等);突破…
break up with 跟…分手;与…断绝关系
break the law 违法
give me a break 让我休息一下
someone
/'sʌmwʌn/
pron.(=somebody)某人
20
someone else 其他人
repair
/rɪ'peə/
vt.&n.修理
20
时 态: repaired, repairing, repairs
mend: 通常指较简单的修复过程,一般不需要专门技术或特殊工具。
repair: 可与mend换用,但一般指需要较高的职业技能和使用较复杂的工具进行修理。
fix: 多用于美语,仅用于指带有安装固定性质的修理。
anyone
/'enɪwʌn/
pron.(=anybody)任何人
20
college
/'kɒlɪdʒ/
n.学院;<美>大学
20
in college 在大学 college student 大学生
college: 多指大学内的学院,分科学院或科目较少的高等学校。
university: 主要指综合大学,一般由多个学院组成。当泛指大学时通常用college表示。
school: 指大学所属的学院或系。
academy: 指(高等)专科院校或研究专门学术的学校。
*willing
/'wɪlɪŋ/
adj.愿意,乐意
20
voluntary: 使用广泛,侧重不受约束,行动不为其他影响所左右。
willing: 着重自愿、令人愉快或急切地去行动。
be willing to do sth
乐意做某事
20
god willing 如果情况允许的话
a willing horse 心甘情愿努力干活的人
tidy
/'taɪdɪ/
vt.&vi.使整洁,整理
20
比较级: tidier, tidiest
tidy up 收拾,整理
such
/sʌtʃ/
det.&pron.如此;这样的
20
such as 比如;诸如 and such 等等;诸如此类
such and such 某某;如此这般的 in such a hurry 如此匆忙
any time
/ˈeni:ˌtaɪm/
adv.在任何时候
22
pick up
捡起,拾起
23
pick up 捡起;获得;收拾 pick out 挑选出
pick it up 把它捡起来
pick up the phone 拿起电话,接起电话
pick on 挑选;选中;批评
pick them up 把它们捡起来 pick me up 接我
pick off 摘掉;拔去;截取;传感器
pick and choose 挑挑拣拣
rubbish
/'rʌbɪʃ/
n.垃圾,废弃物
23
rubbish bin 垃圾筒,垃圾桶
waste: 普通用词,概念广泛,指任何被丢弃的东西。
rubbish: 普通用词,指任何成堆的、破损的、用过的或无用的东西,尤指弃掉的垃圾堆。也可作引申用。
litter: 是四下乱丢物品的总称,尤指散落于地,有碍观瞻的废物。
*bench
/ben(t)ʃ/
n.长椅
23
on the bench 坐板凳;当法官
chair: 通常指带有靠背的椅子,有时也指有靠背有扶手的椅子。
armchair: 指有扶手的椅子。
bench: 指可供两人或更多人坐的长凳或石凳,多置于公园或划艇中
if
/if/
conj.如果
23
as if 犹如,好似 if any 若有的话;即便要
if so 如果是这样的话;要是这样
if only 只要;要是…多好
if ever 假如,要是;如果真有(我当真)
in a hurry
匆忙
24
hurry to do sth
hurry up (使)赶快 in no hurry 不着急;不匆忙
no hurry 不忙;不必着急 in such a hurry 如此匆忙
hurry on 赶快去 hurry back 迅速回来
hurry off 匆匆离去
anything
/'enɪθɪŋ/
pron.任何事物
24
anything but 根本不,决不
of anything 或者其他别的事,或其他什么的
for anything 无论如何(用于否定句中)
if anything 如果有什么区别的话
invite
/ɪn'vaɪt/
vt.邀请
24
invite sb to sth 邀请某人做某事
invitation n. 邀请; 请柬, 请帖
*exchange
/ɪks'tʃeɪndʒ/
n.交流
24
in exchange for 作为…的交换
exchange student
n.交换生
24
notice
/'nəʊtɪs/
n.通知
26
vt. 注意到;通知;留心 vi. 引起注意
take notice of 注意到;留意
take no notice of 不理采…
notice sb do sth
notice sb doing sth
information
/ɪnfə'meɪʃ(ə)n/
n.信息,消息
26
information: 和data作“资料”解时,前者仅指所获得、提供或描述的概况,而不指具体的数据或资料,后者则指具体的资料。
data: 是datum的复数形式,本义指作为计算和测量基础的资料。
message: 指通过书写、谈话和信号等方式所进行的通讯“信息”。
below
/bɪ'ləʊ/
adv.在(或到)下面
prep.在(或到)...下面
26
below: 指位置低于某物或在某物下方,但不一定在正下方,所指范围较宽。
beneath: 书面用词,指紧挨……之下,其反义词是on。
under: 普通用词,与over相对,指在某物的正下方,含垂直在下的意思。
fever
/'fiːvə/
n.发烧;狂热
26
have a (high) fever 发(高)烧
sore
/sɔː/
adj.(发炎)疼痛的,酸痛的
26
ache: 指人体某一器官较持久的疼痛,常常是隐痛。
pain: 可与ache换用,但pain既可指一般疼痛,也可指剧痛,疼痛范围可以是局部或全身,时间可长可短。也可引申指精神上的痛苦。
sore: 指身体某部位的痛处,有是也指精神上的痛苦。
throat
/θrəʊt/
n.咽喉,喉咙
26
have a sore throat 嗓子疼
trouble
/'trʌb(ə)l/
n.问题,困难;麻烦
vt.麻烦;折磨;使烦恼
26
in trouble 在监禁中;处于不幸中;处困难中
get into trouble 使自己或他人陷入困扰之境
have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
hidden trouble 隐患 make trouble 捣乱;制造麻烦
have trouble with v. 与...有纠纷;有...的病痛
a sea of troubles 困难重重;无穷无尽的麻烦
out of trouble 摆脱麻烦;脱离了困境
make trouble for 给……带来麻烦
run into trouble 陷入困境之中
machine
/mə'ʃiːn/
n.机器,机械装置
26
washing machine
n.洗衣机
26
fridge
/frɪdʒ/
n.(=refrigerator /rɪ'frɪdʒəreɪtə/ ) 冰箱
26
deal with
/diːl/
处理,应付
26
deal with: 既可指处理具体事情,也可指处理或解决具有抽象意义的问题。
cope with: 指成功地处理或对付更为重大,更为严重的问题或事物。
wonder
/'wʌndə/
vt.&vi.琢磨,想知道
26
wonder if 不知道;想知道是否 no wonder 难怪
wonder about 对…感到奇怪;对…感到疑惑
wonder at 对…感到吃惊
work wonders 创造奇迹;产生奇妙作用
in wonder 在惊奇中,惊讶地
wonder of the world 世界奇迹;世界奇观
able
/'eɪb(ə)l/
adj.能够
26
be able to do 能够做
post
/pəʊst/
vt.发布;邮寄
n.(网上发布的)帖子,博文;邮件
27
raise
/reɪz/
vt.筹募
27
raise money 集资;筹款;募捐
raise doubts 引起怀疑
raise question 提问
organize
/ˈɔ:ɡənaiz/
vt.(=organise)组织;安排
28
organized adj. 有组织的, 有条理的
give away
赠送;分发
28
give away 放弃;泄露;分发;出卖
give up 放弃;交出
give out 分发,发出;公布,发表;用尽,精疲力竭
give in v. 屈服;让步;交上
give an example 举例
模块三
重点短语清单
【背诵版】
Welcome to the unit
1
★近邻
close neighbors 【close 亲密的】
2
远亲
distant relatives【distant 遥远的】
3
关爱我们的社区
care for our community
4
什么可以形成一个友好的社区
what makes a friendly community
5
使社区更加好
make community better
6
愿意帮助某人
be ready to help others
7
住在我们楼上
live above us
8
帮助我们了解法律
help us learn about laws
9
在社区中心
at the community center
10
★偶尔
from time to time
Reading
11
★善良并有帮助
kind and helpful
12
他们中的一些
some of them【谓语动词用复数】
13
和某人分享他们的技能
share their skills with
14
帮助我们解决各种问题
help us with all kinds of problems
15
开会
have a meeting
16
寻求帮助
ask for help
17
......有问题
there is something wrong with.....
18
检修电脑
check the computer
19
一辆坏自行车
a broken bike
20
使某人做某事
have sb do
21
愿意做某事
be willing to do
22
也
as well
23
拜访老年人
visit the old people
24
为他们购物
do some shopping for them
25
打扫公寓
tidy the flat
26
幸运做某事
be lucky to do【lucky-luckily-unlucky-unluckily】
27
如此好的邻居
such a nice neighbourhood
28
有空闲时间
have free time
29
有许多方式来帮忙
have many ways to help
30
为什么不做
why not do
31
一个茶话会
a tea party
32
一次外出
a day out
33
彼此更加了解
know more about each other
34
计划做某事
plan to do
35
如何修理电脑
how to fix a computer
36
回馈我们的社区
give back to our community
37
清理公园
clean up the park【clean up 清理】
38
使它看起来好看
keep it looking nice
39
成为我们队伍的一员
to be a part of our team
40
使某人和某人在一起
have sb with sb
Grammar ---Further study
41
★随身携带一把雨伞
take an umbrella with me【take sth with sb 随身携带某物】
42
确定做某事
be sure to do
43
捡垃圾
pick up the rubbish【pick up 捡起拾起 接某人】
44
匆忙
in a hurry【hurry to do 匆忙做某事】
45
做某事迟到
be late to do【be late for 为...迟到】
46
决定做某事
decide to do【n.decision】
47
其他的什么
anything else
48
一个交换生
an exchange student
Integration
49
在三月五号下午
on the afternoon of 5 March
50
看下面的信息
look at the information below
51
发烧
have a fever
52
做某事有麻烦
have trouble doing
53
做某事有问题
have problem with
54
有问题
anything wrong with
55
处理
deal with
56
想要知道...
be wondering that【宾语从句】
57
担忧
worry about【be worried about 担忧】
58
设计你的房子
design your house
59
了解更多得颜色和款式
know a lot about colours and styles
60
能做某事
be able to
61
给你一些想法
give you some ideas
62
在图书俱乐部会议
at the book club meeting
63
★志愿做某事
volunteer to do
64
处于需要的某人
someone in need
65
募捐给植物花草
raise money for plants and flowers
66
分享关于做某事的想法
share you my idea for doing
67
组织一个活动
organize an activity
68
收集旧衣服
collect old things
69
给他们新生命
give them a new life
70
分发,捐赠
give away【give up 放弃】
71
寻找一些旧衣服
ask for some old clothes
72
一起合作
work together
73
做一些调查
do some research
模块四
核心知识清单
第一部分 Welcome to the unit
【知识梳理1】 police station(教材P19)
station n.站,所,局
在此意为“站,所,局”,还可意为“车站”。常用来构成复合名词。
【例题精讲】
1.My cousin works at a police station.
2.Could you tell me where the train station is?
【知识梳理2】What’s your neighbourhood like?(教材P19)
What+be+主语+like?
该句型意为“……是什么样的?”或“……怎么样?”,常用来询问某人的性格或品质,也可用于询问某物的特点。
—What is your mother like?你妈妈是什么样的人?
—She is quite kind.她相当善良。
—What’s your new school like?你的新学校怎么样?
—It’s big and clean.它又大又干净。
注意:
“What do/does+主语+look like?”意为“……长什么样?”,用于询问外貌。
①主语+be+描述外貌的形容词.
答语: ②主语+have/has+形容词+名词.
③主语+be+of...height/build.
【例题精讲】
1.—What does your sister look like?
—She is very thin and of medium height. She has short curly hair.
2.-What is your brother like? -He is helpful.
【知识梳理3】There’s a school, a hospital and a big supermarket.(教材P19)
there be结构的就近原则
在there be结构中,如果动词be后面的主语是两个或两个以上的名词,be动词的单复数形式要与离它最近的名词保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。
【例题精讲】
1.There are two glasses of milk on the table.
2.There will be a football match on CCTV5 this evening.
【知识梳理4】Well, Mr Zhang lives above us.(教材P19)
above prep.在(或向)……上面 adv.在(或向)上面
[介词]在(或向)……上面
辨析:on, over与above
on
表示一物在另一物的表面上,强调两者接触。
There is a cup on the table.桌上有个杯子。
over
表示一物在另一物的正上方,两者不接触,对应词是under。
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有座桥。
above
表示一物在另一物的上方,不一定是正上方,两者不接触,对应词是below。
The moon was above the tall tree in the east.
月亮挂在东方的高树上。
【语境串记】
Look! A boy is drawing on the bridge which is over the river.
And there is a plane above his head.
看!一个男孩正在河上的桥上画画。他头顶上有一架飞机。
【例题精讲】
1.This kind of plant is seldom seen in our city because it lives 4500m above sea level and is hard to find.
2.Children above 1.4 meters in height should buy a ticket on the bus.
【知识梳理5】He helps us learn about laws at the community centre from time to time.(教材P19)
1. lawn.法律,法规;规则 [名词]律师________________
break the law ____________________
obey the law ____________________
make laws ____________________
by law ____________________
答案:lawyer 违反法律 遵守法律 制定法律 按照法律规定
【语境串记】
Mr. Li is a famous lawyer. He always tells us that we should obey the law. If we break the law, we’ll be punished by law.
2.from time to time 偶尔,不时
from time to time=______________________________=______________________________
与time相关的其他短语/搭配:
at the same time同时 all the time始终,一直 once upon a time从前
at a time每次,逐一 have a good time玩得开心 on time准时,按时
in time及时 for the first time首次,第一次
答案:at times sometimes
【例题精讲】
1.His speech was full of humor, which made everyone laugh at times.
2.All of us shouldn’t do something against the law.
第二部分 Reading
【知识梳理6】They’re kind and helpful.(教材P20)
helpful adj. 愿意帮忙的;有用的
由“help(n.帮助)+-ful(形容词后缀)”构成,在句中可作表语或定语。
____________________________对……有用
【语境串记】
The girl is lost, and she looks helpless. We should do something to help her. Maybe a map is helpful to her.
答案:be helpful to sb.
【例题精讲】
1.Today, it’s one of the world’s cheapest and most helpful medicines.
2.He was very brave and saved the helpless child out of the danger yesterday.
【知识梳理7】Some of them are volunteers.(教材P20)
volunteer n.志愿者 v.自愿做,义务做,无偿做
(1)[可数名词] 志愿者
__________________________在图书馆做志愿者
(2)[动词]志愿做,义务做,无偿做
__________________________志愿做某事
The environment will become better if someone ______________________. 如果有人自愿帮忙,环境会变得更好。
答案:work as a volunteer in a library volunteer to do sth. volunteers to help
【例题精讲】
1.Many doctors volunteered to support Wuhan when they got the news.
2. I’m very glad that I have a chance to work here with the volunteers for a month.
【知识梳理8】There’s something wrong with my laptop.(教材P20)
There is something wrong with... ……出了问题
该结构相当于“Something is wrong with...”。
___________________________________________________.
=_______________________________________________.我的自行车出了问题。
(1)表达“某物坏/失灵了”还可用如下句型:
①Sth.+is/are not working well. ②Sth.+doesn’t/don’t work. ③Sth.+is/are broken.
我的手表坏了。(翻译)
___________________________________________.
=___________________________________________.
=___________________________________________.
=___________________________________________.
=___________________________________________.
(2)“There is nothing wrong with sth.”或“There isn’t anything wrong with sth.”意为“某物没有问题/毛病/坏”。
There is nothing wrong with your TV set. =There isn’t anything wrong with your TV set.你的电视机没毛病。
(3)该句型的一般疑问句为“Is there anything wrong with sth.?”。
Is there anything wrong with your TV set?你的电视机出问题了吗?
答案:There is something wrong with my bike.=Something is wrong with my bike. There’s something wrong with my watch.=Something is wrong with my watch.=My watch is not working well. =My watch doesn’t work.=My watch is broken.
【例题精讲】
1.There is something wrong with his teeth, he has to see the dentist.
2.He walked slowly because there was something wrong with his leg.
【知识梳理9】My sister Annie’s bicycle is broken, so she’s going to have someone repair it.(教材P20)
have v.使,让
have在此作使役动词。have sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。
______________________________________我让她打扫了房间。
拓展:have sth. done表示“使某事被做”
______________________________________我昨晚剪的头发
答案:I had her clean the room. I had my hair cut last night.
【例题精讲】
1.My car is broken. I’m going to have it repaired.
2.Sadly, my cousin had his wallet stolen while in a shopping mall.
【知识梳理10】This weekend, they’ll help the old people tidy their flats.(教材P20)
tidy v.使整洁,整理
短语:____________________ 收拾妥,整理好
tidy[形容词]整洁的,井井有条的; 反义词为____________“不整洁的,无条理的”。
答案:tidy up untidy
【例题精讲】
1.The classroom looks clean and tidy.
2.How tidy the classroom is!
【知识梳理11】You’re lucky to live in such a nice neighbourhood, Simon.(教材P20)
1.be/feel lucky to do sth. 做某事(感到)很幸运
She was lucky to find a job in a big company. 她很幸运在一家大公司找了一份工作。
2.such det.&pron.如此;这样的
辨析:such与so
such
限定词
such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数
She’s such a little monkey. 她真是一个小捣蛋鬼。
such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词
It’s a pity to waste such delicious food. 浪费这么好吃的食物真是可惜。
so
副词
so+adj./adv.
They all looked so nice and cute. 她们看起来都这么漂亮可爱。
so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数
She is so nice a girl. 她是一个如此好的女孩。
so+many/much/few/little+名词
I’m afraid so little water won’t be enough to drink. 就这么点儿水,我怕不够喝。
【例题精讲】
1.Why didn’t I think of such a good idea?
2.He worked so hard that he finished the project on time.
3.I’m so lucky to receive a letter from my favorite writer today.
第三部分 Integration
【知识梳理1】NOTICES(教材P26)
notice [可数名词]通知;通告
_______________________张贴通知
[不可数名词]注意,理会,察觉
take no notice (of sth.) 别理会(某事)
[动词]注意到
_______________________注意到某人正在做某事
_______________________注意到某人经常做某事
答案:put up a notice notice sb doing sth notice sb do sth
【例题精讲】
1.We had better put up a notice on the school noticeboard.
2.Take no notice of what he says.
【知识梳理2】 Please look at the information below.(教材P26)
1.information n.信息,消息
[不可数名词]常与介词on或about连用
_______________________一条信息
_______________________一些信息
_______________________询问信息
2.below adv.在(或到)下面 prep.在(或到)……下面
pay attention to the information below 注意以下信息
a chair below the window 窗户下面的一把椅子
drops below zero (温度)降到零度以下
辨析 below&under
below
表示在某物的下方,但不一定是在正下方。
反义词:above
under
表示在某物的正下方。
反义词:over
答案:1.a piece of information some information ask for information
【例题精讲】
1.Look! There is some information about traffic rules in this book.
2.Linda lives two floors below me, on the seventh floor.
【知识梳理3】 Do you have a fever or a sore throat?(教材P26)
fever n.发烧;狂热
(1)[名词]发烧 _______________________发(高)烧
(2)[名词]狂热
She was in a fever of winning the soccer game.她为赢得这场足球赛而激动不已。
表示身体部位不适的“have+a(n)+名词”型短语还有:
_______________________感冒 _______________________咳嗽
_______________________头痛 _______________________牙痛
_______________________胃痛 _______________________耳朵痛
_______________________背痛 _______________________嗓子痛
答案:have a(high)fever have a cold have a cough have a headache have a toothache have a stomachache have an earache have a backache have a sore throat
【例题精讲】
1.The baby has a high fever. You must take it to hospital as soon as possible.
2.She had a fever and stayed at home.
【知识梳理4】 Are you having trouble sleeping?(教材P26)
trouble n.问题,困难;麻烦 v.麻烦;折磨; 使烦恼
(1)[不可数名词]问题,困难,麻烦
______________________________________做某事有困难
______________________________________在某方面有困难
______________________________________陷入困境
______________________________________处于困境中
(2)[动词]麻烦;折磨;使烦恼
May I trouble you to pass me the salt?麻烦您把盐递给我好吗?
Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.不要自找麻烦。
答案:have trouble(difficulty/problems) doing sth. have trouble(difficulty/problems) with sth. get/run into trouble be in trouble
【例题精讲】
1.I have trouble(=difficulty/problems)making him understand.
2.I have some trouble with my pronunciation.
3.If you get/run into trouble, you can ask the police for help.
【知识梳理5】 Are you wondering what to wear to a party?(教材P26)
wonder v.琢磨,想知道
在此作及物动词,相当于_________________。其后可接“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构或宾语从句。
I wonder ______________________________. 我想知道接下来要做什么
I wonder _____________________________________________. 我想知道是谁设计的这个雨衣。
拓展:“wonder+if/whether从句”表示“想知道是否……”,用于礼貌地提问或请人做事。
I wonder if July is the best time to go there.我想知道七月是不是去那儿的最佳时间。
答案:want to know what to do next who designed this raincoat
【例题精讲】
1.The old man wondered how many he should pay for Jimmy’s help.
2. He wondered who was the man running quickly towards the river.
【知识梳理6】 I’m going to take photos of the event, and I’ll post them on the book club’s website.(教材P27)
post v.发布;邮寄 n.(网上发布的)帖子,博文;邮件
【例题精讲】
1.Danny posted his new photos on his blog.
2.The course by the kindergarten drew great interest among net users after the video was posted.
【知识梳理7】Sell them to raise money for plants and flowers in the community garden(教材P27)
raise v.筹募 _____________________为……筹款
raise的其他意思:
①提升,举起 _____________________举手
②抚养,养育 _____________________一头牛
③增加,提高(数量、水平等) _____________________抬高价格
答案:raise money for... raise your hand raise a cow raise the price
【例题精讲】
1.She started to raise money for the trip.
2.Fathers raise us and teach us to be strong and brave.
【知识梳理8】 I want to organize an activity — “Collect and Share”. (教材P28)
organize v.组织;安排
[及物动词]其宾语通常为表示聚会、活动、会议等的名词。
_______________________________组织了许多活动
与organize相关的词:
【语境串记】
The organizer of the party was a well-organized manager from a large organization. He organized many famous activities.本次聚会的组织者是一位很有条理的经理,他来自一家大型机构。他组织过许多知名活动。
答案:organize many activities
【例题精讲】
1.We can organize more social events to communicate with others.
2. At the clubs fair, students can join various organizations that interest them.
【知识梳理9】 We’ll clean them and then give them to children in need.(教材P28)
in need在困境中;有需要的 常作后置定语
A friend in need is a friend indeed._________________________________
拓展:其他常见的“in+名词”短语:
答案:患难见真情
【例题精讲】
1.You can also give old things away to people in need.
2.David is a kind boy, and he always helps us in need.
【知识梳理10】Let’s work together to make our community a better place!(教材P28)
to make our community a better place动词不定式(短语)作目的状语
动词不定式(短语)作目的状语,意为“为了……;以便……”,可位于句首或句末。位于句首时,常用逗号与其
他部分隔开。
To get good grades, I study very hard.
Tony turns off the shower to save water while he is washing his hair.
【例题精讲】
1.The children did a lot of research(研究) in the lab to finish the science project.
2.We should take action to prevent the pollution to live a happier life.
模块五
重点语法清单
语法知识精讲
1.一般将来时主要构成形式
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作,事情或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。
1.1. will/shall+动词原形,shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称,will not=won’t,shall not=shan’t。
Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢?
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗?
1.2. be going to +不定式,表示将来。
a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢?
b. 计划、安排要发生的事。
The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。
c. 有迹象要发生的事。
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,暴风雨快来了。
1.3. be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
be to和be going to的区别
be to表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事,be going to表示主观的打算或计划。
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排)
I’m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。(主观打算)
1.4. be about to +不定式,意为"马上做某事"。
He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
注意:be about to do不能与tomorrow, next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
1.5.现在进行时表将来时
下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时:go,come,fly,leave,start,begin,finish,end,arrive等。
she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow.
1.6.一般现在时表将来
a. 下列动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。
b. 以here,there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。
c. 在时间或条件句中。
When Bill comes(不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后,让他等我。
I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就写信给你。
d. 在动词hope,take care that,make sure that等的宾语从句中。
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前,务必把窗户关了。
2.一般将来时特殊用法:
2.1. be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
We are to talk about the report next Saturday.
2.2. be about to +不定式,意为"马上做某事"。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意:be about to不能与tomorrow,next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
2.3. 有些表趋向性的动词可用进行时表将来,如:go,come,arrive,fly(飞往),reach(到达),stay,leave,start,die等。
I’m going to go to the zoo this weenend.= I’m going to the zoo this weenend.
He’s going to leave for Paris.= He’s leaving for Paris.
The old man is dying.=The old man will die. 这个老人要去世。
模块六
书面表达清单
Unit 2的主题围绕"人与自我:社区环境与邻里关系”。学生主要围绕“社区生活”进行写作。在具体的写作中,学生应做到以下几点:
1.能描述自己生活的社区的环境和基础设施;
2.能描述一些社区活动及自己的感受;
3.能为社区的发展提供一些建议。
【词汇积累】
neighbourhood(社区)
volunteer(志愿者)
community(社区)
helpful(有帮助的)
kind(善良的)
lawyer(律师)
engineer(工程师)
computer(电脑)
college student(大学生)
be going to(打算做某事)
【句式积累】
描述家和社区
I know more about homes around the world.
What's your neighbourhood like?
It's nice. There's a school, a hospital, and a big supermarket.
谈论梦想家园
I can talk and write about my dream home with the new words in this unit.
描述社区活动
They often meet at the community centre and share their skills.
They help us with all kinds of problems.
一般将来时的使用
Will句型
We use will when we talk about: things that are sure to happen in the future; predictions about future events; plans that we are making now.
Example: I will go to the Children's Centre after lunch.
Be going to句型
We use be going to when we talk about: things we decide to do; things that will probably happen in the near future.
Example: I'm going to volunteer at the Children's Centre this afternoon.
请你根据下表中的提示,以“My dream home in the dream neighbourhood”为题,谈谈自己理想社区中的梦想家园。
社区情况
社区很大;邻居友善;病有人医,坏有人修,老有人问,学有人帮……
周围环境
在一座小山脚下,可以……
房子概况
两层,一个花园……
内部设施
有多个房间、一个大阳台……
要求:
1. 短文不少于80词,开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2. 语句通顺,意思连贯,字迹工整;
3. 内容必须包括表格中的所有要点,可适当发挥。
My dream home in the dream neighbourhood
My dream home is at the foot of a hill. It has two floors. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【写作框架设计】
一、介绍梦想家园的位置与外观
梦想家园位于山脚。
拥有两层楼的结构。
附带一个种满各种花卉的美丽花园。
二、描述梦想家园的内部结构与功能
房子内部有多个房间和一个大阳台。
可以在阳台上眺望山丘和树木,视野开阔。
三、介绍梦想家园所在的社区
梦想家园位于一个非常大的社区中。
邻居们彼此友善,相处和谐。
四、强调社区中的志愿服务与互助精神
社区中有许多志愿者。
部分志愿者是医生,能够妥善照顾病人。
如果(社区居民)遇到问题或困难,可以……(此处原文被截断,但可以补充为“得到及时帮助和解决”)。
五、总结梦想家园与社区的完美融合
梦想家园不仅是一个居住的地方,更是一个充满爱与关怀的港湾。
与友善的邻居和乐于助人的志愿者们共同生活在一个和谐的社区中,让生活更加美好。
【范文赏读】
【答案】例文
My dream home in the dream neighbourhood
My dream home is at the foot of a hill. It has two floors. There is a beautiful garden with different kinds of flowers. There are many rooms and a big balcony in it. I can look out at the hill and trees on the balcony. My dream home is in a very big neighbourhood and the neighbours are kind to each other. There are many volunteers in my neighbourhood. Some of them are doctors. They can take good care of the sick people. If there is something wrong with our things, the engineers here can help us fix them. When we have problems with our study, the college students will help us. They often help the old clean their houses and do some shopping.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇材料作文;
②时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:根据表格中的提示内容介绍自己理想社区中的梦想家园,可适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步,介绍梦想家园的周围环境和房子概况;
第二步,介绍梦想家园的内部设施;
第三步,介绍梦想家园的社区情况。
[亮点词汇]
①different kinds of各种各样的
②be kind to对某人友好
③take good care of好好照顾
[高分句型]
①My dream home is in a very big neighbourhood and the neighbours are kind to each other.(and连接的并列句)
②If there is something wrong with our things, the engineers here can help us fix them.(if引导的条件状语从句)
6
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