精品解析：山东省聊城市高唐县第一实验中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期开学检测英语试卷

八年级下学期开学寒假作业检测英语试题 时间：60分钟满分:120分 第Ⅰ卷（选择题满分70分） 一、完形填空（每题1分，满分20分） A Jack was a rich young man. One day, he was ___1___ very happily down a street. Suddenly from his car came a terrible sound. He felt ___2___, so he stopped his car and looked around. He saw a child standing nearby with a few small stones in his hand. He jumped ___3___ the car and found a dent (凹痕) in the car door. He was so ___4___ that he caught the boy and shouted at him, “Who are you? Why did you throw a stone at my new car?” “Please, sir, please… I’m sorry! But I didn’t know what else to do!” said the child, “I threw the stone ___5___ I wanted to get you to notice me. I need your ___6___!” Tears (眼泪) were running down the child’s face. He said. “My brother fell out of his wheelchair (轮椅) and was almost under it. He is hurt and too ___7___ for me. Could you give me ___8___ to get him back into his wheelchair?” After hearing this, Jack was moved (感动) and ___9___ to help him. He lifted the child’s brother gently back into his wheelchair. He looked over the boy carefully to make sure that he was OK. Then he watched the child push (推) his brother towards their home. Suddenly the child ____10____ and bowed to him. Jack looked at the dent and smiled. 1. A. walking B. riding C. driving 2. A. excited B. surprised C. tired 3. A. into B. across C. out of 4. A. angry B. sadly C. sorry 5. A. too B. because C. through 6. A. money B. car C. help 7. A. difficult B. weakly C. heavy 8. A. a hand B. a touch C. a car 9. A. agreed B. hated C. wanted 10. A. cried out B. looked around C. turned around 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了杰克在街上开车行驶时，一个孩子扔石头导致他的新车出现了凹痕，但了解事情真相后，他决定帮助孩子将其受伤的哥哥重新安置到轮椅上。 【1题详解】 句意：一天，他很高兴地开着车沿街行驶。 walking步行；riding骑；driving驾驶。根据“Suddenly from his car came a terrible sound.”可知，杰克正在开车。故选C。 【2题详解】 句意：他感到很惊讶，于是他停下车，环顾四周。 excited兴奋的；surprised惊讶的；tired疲惫的。根据“Suddenly from his car came a terrible sound.”可知，杰克在驾车途中突然听到车传来可怕的声响，应是感到“惊讶”。故选B。 【3题详解】 句意：他跳出汽车，发现车门上有一个凹痕。 into到……里面；across穿过；out of从……里面（走出）。根据“He jumped ... the car and found a dent (凹痕) in the car door.”可知，发现车门有凹痕，说明杰克从车里出来了。故选C。 【4题详解】 句意：他非常生气，抓住了那个男孩，对他喊道：“你是谁？你为什么向我的新车扔石头？” angry生气的；sadly难过地；sorry抱歉的。根据“shouted at him”和“Who are you? Why did you throw a stone at my new car?”可知，杰克很生气。故选A。 【5题详解】 句意：我扔石头是因为我想让你注意到我。 too太……；because因为；through通过。根据“I threw the stone ... I wanted to get you to notice me.”可知，前后句为因果关系，应用because连接。故选B。 【6题详解】 句意：我需要你的帮助！ money金钱；car小汽车；help帮助。根据下文“Could you give me ... to get him back into his wheelchair?”和“help him”可知，男孩需要杰克的帮助。故选C。 【7题详解】 句意：他受伤了，并且他对我来说太重了。 difficult困难的；weakly虚弱地；heavy重的。根据“Could you give me ... to get him back into his wheelchair?”可知，男孩请求杰克把哥哥搬到轮椅上，说明哥哥对他而言太重了，他搬不动。故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：你能帮我把他扶回轮椅上吗？ a hand一只手；a touch一个触摸；a car一辆车。give sb. a hand“帮助某人”，固定短语。故选A。 【9题详解】 句意：杰克听了很感动，答应帮助他。 agreed同意；hated讨厌；wanted想要。根据“After hearing this, Jack was moved (感动)”可知，杰克同意帮助男孩。故选A。 【10题详解】 句意：孩子突然转过身来，向他鞠了一躬。 cried out呼喊；looked around环顾四周；turned around转身。根据“Then he watched the child push (推) his brother towards their home. ”和“bowed to him”可知，男孩是转过身来给杰克鞠躬。故选C。 B You must know a lot of famous musicians. Do you know a young man ____11____ Lang Lang? Lang Lang is very popular in the world. Lang Lang was born ____12____ the 4th of June, 1982 in Shenyang. His grandfather is a music teacher and his father can play erhu very well. At the age of three he began to learn the piano. When he was five, he ____13____ the first prize in a piano competition in Shenyang. His teacher said he was born for playing the piano. From then on, playing the piano became the ____14____ of Lang Lang and his parents. He studied ____15____ and played the piano several hours every day. In 1991, his father ____16____ working and took him to Beijing to learn the piano. That is the best music school in China. His mother had to work to make money in Shenyang. Lang Lang’s family was poor, ____17____ he never gave up. When he was 14, he began to study the piano in the US. During his stay there, he made great ____18____. In 1999, he became famous ____19____ he played in a great concert in Chicago, US. He gave more and more concerts around the world. Now Lang Lang is a ____20____ musician. Many people like him. 11. A. invited B. called C. helped 12. A. in B. at C. on 13. A. entered B. won C. played 14. A. dream B. plan C. hobby 15. A. hardly B. hard C. well 16. A. began B. started C. stopped 17. A. so B. because C. but 18. A. progress B. value C. information 19. A. after B. before C. when 20. A. terrible B. successful C. common 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了著名钢琴家朗朗从小学习钢琴并通过努力成为国际知名音乐家的故事。 【11题详解】 句意：你认识一个叫郎朗的年轻人吗？ invited邀请；called叫做；helped帮助。根据“Do you know a young man ... Lang Lang?”可知，一个名字叫郎朗的年轻人，called符合语境，过去分词作后置定语。故选B。 【12题详解】 句意：郎朗于1982年6月4日出生于沈阳。 in后接年月季节等；at与时刻连用；on用在具体某一天前。根据“the 4th of June”是具体某一天可知，应用介词on。故选C。 【13题详解】 句意：五岁时，他在沈阳的钢琴比赛中获得了第一名。 entered进入；won赢得；played玩。根据“the first prize”可知，此处指在钢琴比赛中获得第一名。故选B。 【14题详解】 句意：从那时起，弹钢琴就成了郎朗和他父母的梦想。 dream梦想；plan计划；hobby爱好。根据“His teacher said he was born for playing the piano.”可知，老师说郎朗天生就是弹钢琴的料，于是弹钢琴就成了他和父母的梦想。故选A。 【15题详解】 句意：他努力学习，每天弹几个小时钢琴。 hardly几乎不；hard努力地；well好地。根据“played the piano several hours every day”可知，郎朗每天要弹几个小时的钢琴，说明他很努力。故选B。 【16题详解】 句意：1991年，他的父亲停止了工作，带他去北京学习钢琴。 began开始；started开始；stopped停止。根据“took him to Beijing to learn the piano”可知，父亲带郎朗去北京学习钢琴，说明他停止了工作。故选C。 【17题详解】 句意：郎朗家境贫寒，但他从未放弃。 so因此；because因为；but但是。根据“Lang Lang’s family was poor, ... he never gave up. ”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用but连接。故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：在那里停留期间，他取得了很大进步。 progress进步；value价值；information信息。make great progress“取得很大的进步”，固定短语。故选A。 【19题详解】 句意：1999年，他在美国芝加哥的一场大型音乐会上演出后成名。 after在……之后；before在……之前；when当……时候。根据“In 1999, he became famous ... he played in a great concert in Chicago, US.”可知，郎朗是在芝加哥一场大型的音乐会表演后变得出名的。故选A。 【20题详解】 句意：现在郎朗是一个成功的音乐家。 terrible糟糕的；successful成功的；common普通的。根据“Many people like him.”可知，郎朗现在是一名成功的音乐家。故选B。 三、阅读理解（共25小题；每小题2分，满分50分） A It’s true that every country has its customs. We all know that in America if people are pleased with you, they will give you a sign “OK”. But maybe you don’t know this sign is considered to be rude in Brazil. In Poland, guests usually choose flowers as presents for hostesses (女主人). Remember the number must be an odd (奇数) one. And the hostess doesn’t hope that you remove the cover of the bunch (束) of flowers. You must be more careful when you give red roses to a woman because the red rose means love. In China we often hear people say that “nodding” means agreement (同意). And “shaking the head” means disagreement. But in Bulgaria they mean the opposite. We really need to pay more attention to the differences in customs. What’s more, we should learn more about them in order to avoid embarrassment (尴尬). Do remember: When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 21. In what countries is the sign “OK” different? A. In America and China. B. In America and Brazil C. In Brazil and Poland. D. In America and Buigaria. 22. A man wants to visit a friend in Poland. What could he buy for hostesses to be polite? A. Some money. B. Eight red flowers. C. Eleven yellow flowers. D. Nine red roses. 23. What does it mean if a person shakes his head in Bulgaria? A. He doesn’t want to talk with you. B. He agrees with you. C. He disagrees with you. D. He doesn’t like you. 24. “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” What does it mean? A. We do what the Romans do. B. We should do after the Romans C. We must learn from the Romans D. We must observe (遵守) its customs when we are in a foreign country. 25. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Different countries, different customs. B. Learning from the Romans. C. Different countries, the same customs. D. Doing what the Romans do. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了不同国家的礼仪和风俗差异，以及在国际交流中了解这些差异的重要性的意义。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“in America if people are pleased with you, they will give you a sign ‘OK’. But may be you don’t know this sign is considered to be rude in Brazil.”可知，在美国和巴西，OK这个手势表达的含义不同。故选B。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据“In Poland, guests usually choose flowers as presents for hostesses (女主人). Remember the number must be an odd (奇数) one.”和“You must be more careful when you give red roses to a woman because the red rose means love.”可知，去一个波兰家庭做客，要给女主人带花作为礼物，数量为基数，且不能是红玫瑰；选项C “11朵黄花”符合要求。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“And ‘shaking the head’ means disagreement. But in Bulgaria they mean the opposite.”可知，在中国，“摇头”表示不同意；但在保加利亚，意思正好相反，即在保加利亚，“摇头”表示同意。故选B。 【24题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“We really need to pay more attention to the differences in customs. What’s more, we should learn more about them in order to avoid embarrassment (尴尬)” 可知，我们要注意习俗上的差异。更重要的是，我们应该多多了解它们，以避免尴尬；因此“When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”这句话表示 “当我们在外国时，我们必须遵守它的习俗”。故选D。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇点明每个国家都有自己的习俗，接着通过美国、巴西、波兰、中国、保加利亚等国家的例子说明不同国家习俗不同。故选A。 B When I was young，I liked to play jokes on people I knew, especially on my parents and friends. One day my mother was cooking and I was playing with my younger brother Tony. Suddenly I ran to my mother and said: “Tony fell from the open window!” She was very worried and ran out of the kitchen. Then I said: “Don’t worry, I’m just joking.” My mother shouted at me, “If you do it again, I’ll hit you.” Another day I went swimming with my friends in the sea. I wanted to play a joke on them. In the beginning I swam fast and I called out “Help!”. All my friends came to help me. However, they found that I was joking. But half an hour later I wasn’t joking. I was so fast, soon I got tired and couldn’t swim on in water. I tried my best to call my friends for help, but this time nobody came to help me. In the end they found I was telling the truth. They came and saved my life. They took me to the hospital. This is the best lesson in my life. From then on I haven’t joked on anyone. 26. When he was young, the writer liked to _______. A. play with his brother B. help his mother cook C. play jokes on people D. go swimming with his friends 27. What happened when the writer was playing with his brother? ______ A. He got tired. B. He played a joke on his mother. C. Tony fell from the open window. D. His mother hit him. 28. In the beginning, all his friends came to help him because he ______. A. swam fast B. called for help C. would sink in water D. couldn’t swim on in the water 29. When the writer called his friends for help for the second time, they ______. A. took him to the hospital at once B. came and saved him immediately C. thought at first he was joking again D. did nothing because the writer had lied to them 30. The story tells us that ________. A. swimming is dangerous B. the writer is a naughty boy C. one can play jokes only on people he knows D. if someone always tells lies, others won’t trust (信任) him 【答案】26. C 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【分析】试题分析：这是一个英文版的狼来了的故事。文中的主人公喜欢跟人开玩笑，但是在一次自己差点因此送命之后，就再也不和人开玩笑了。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段When I was young, I liked to play jokes on people I knew, 描述，可知当作者年轻时，他喜欢跟认识的人开玩笑。故选C。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。通读整篇短文可知当小男孩和母亲玩的时候，他开他母亲的玩笑。 故选B。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段All my friends came to help me,描述，可知朋友们第一次听到我喊“救命”时，都过来帮助我。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中I tried my best to call my friends for help, but this time nobody came to help me. 可知，再次喊朋友帮忙的时候，没有人帮忙。故选C。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。通读整篇短文可知如果有人总是说谎，别人就会不相信你了。故选D。 C Welcome to the Summer Palace Opening hours: Apr. 1—Oct. 3l: 6:30—18:00; Inside gardens: 8:30—17:00 Nov. 1—Mar. 31: 7:00—17:00; Inside gardens: 9:00—16:00 Ticket Price: Adult age 18+ ¥30 Child: age 6—18 ¥15 ◆Free for children under 120 cm (3.9 feet), or below 6 years old. ◆The elderly over 60 enjoy half price. (Ticket prices of Dehe Garden, Tower of Buddhist Incense, Wenchang Hall, Suzhou Street and Danning Hall are not included) Online booking: 1. The tickets are sold 7 days in advance (提前) 2. Your Passport or ID information is required, and one person can book only one ticket per day. 3. One adult could only book one child ticket. Important Notice: ☆During COVID-19 Epidemic Control Period: 1. The real-time local “Health Code” will be checked before entering. 2. Body temperalure over 37.3℃ or coughing and short of breath, visitors are not allowed to enter. 3. Wear masks during the visit and keep distance with others. For more information, you can visit: https://www.travelchinaguide.com/summer-palace-tickets-booking.htm 31. On National Day, visitors can enter the Summer Palace at________. A 6:00am B. 8:00am C. 9:00pm D. any time 32. How much will a 70-year-old lady pay at least to visit the Summer Palace? A. ¥15 B. ¥30 C. ¥45 D. None 33. How much will a young couple with a 4-year-old child pay at least to visit the Summer Palace? A. ¥30. B. ¥45 C. ¥60 D. ¥75 34. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. One adult could only book one child ticket. B. One should pay extra money to visit Danning Hall. C. Passport or ID information is needed when booking tickets online. D. A man with a high fever can enter the Summer Palace with a mask. 35. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A story book B. A news report C. A science fiction. D. A travel guide 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是游玩颐和园的广告，包括开放时间，票价，网上预定以及重要提示。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据Opening hours中“Apr. 1—Oct. 3l: 6:30—18:00; Inside gardens: 8:30—17:00”，可知国庆节，游客可以在早上六点半到下午六点之间进入颐和园，故选B。 32题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ticket Price中“Adult age 18+ ¥30；The elderly over 60 enjoy half price”，可知成年人票价是30元，60岁以上老人半价，所以一个70岁的老太太去颐和园至少要花15元，故选A。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ticket Price中“Adult age 18+ ¥30；Free for children under 120 cm (3.9 feet), or below 6 years old.”，可知成年人票价是30元，120厘米以下（3.9英尺）或6岁以下儿童免费，所以一对带着4岁孩子的年轻夫妇去颐和园至少要花60元，故选C。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据Online booking中“One adult could only book one child ticket.”，可知选项A是正确的；根据Ticket Price中“Ticket prices of Dehe Garden, Tower of Buddhist Incense, Wenchang Hall, Suzhou Street and Danning Hall are not included”，可知去澹宁堂应该额外再花钱，所以选项B是正确的；根据Online booking中“ Your Passport or ID information is required”，可知选项C是正确的；根据Important Notice中“Body temperalure over 37.3℃ or coughing and short of breath, visitors are not allowed to enter”，可知高烧的人不可以进入颐和园，所以选项D是错误的。故选D。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。因为本文是游玩颐和园的广告，所以应该在旅游指南中看到，故选D。 D Have you heard of Zheng Yuanjie? Zheng Yuanjie was born on June 15th, 1955 in Shijiazhuang, Hebei of China. He only had a four-year primary school education, but he is a Chinese fairy tale (童话) writer. Pi Pilu and Lu Xixi are two popular roles that many children like among all his fairy tales. In his life, he writes lots of fairy tales and many of them are famous. Zheng Yuanjie started his writing in 1977. In 1979, his first fairy tale came out. In 1985, Zheng Yuanjie started a children’s magazine called King of Fairy Tales. It is a great success. In 1999, Zheng Yuanjie became a well-known writer in China. He is rich and he makes a lot of money by writing. He is also very helpful and does a lot of things for people who need help. Now many of Zheng Yuanjie’s first readers are parents. Their children are reading the same books that they enjoyed in their childhood. The writer’s biggest dream is coming true—his stories are loved by people of different ages. 36. What is Zheng Yuanjie? A. He is a teacher. B. He is a writer. C. He is a doctor. D. He is an artist. 37. Who are Pi Pilu and Lu Xixi? A. They are Zheng Yuanjie’s friends. B. They are two readers. C. They are two roles in Zheng Yuanjie’s book. D. They are two readers’ parents. 38. When did Zheng Yuanjie’s first fairy tale come out? A. In 1999. B. In 1977. C. In 1979. D. In 1985. 39. Which of the following is Not True? A. Zheng Yuanjie is a famous writer in China. B. Zheng Yuanjie likes to help others. C. Zheng Yuanjie makes lots of money by writing. D. Zheng Yuanjie had many years’ school education. 40. What is Zheng Yuanjie’s biggest dream? A. People of different ages love his fairy tales. B. Making more money. C. Helping more people. D. Writing more fairy tales. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. C 39. D 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了童话作家郑渊洁。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“he is a Chinese fairy tale (童话) writer.”可知，郑渊洁是一位作家。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Pi Pilu and Lu Xixi are two popular roles that many children like among all his fairy tales.”可知，皮皮鲁和鲁西西是郑渊洁的书里的两个角色。故选C。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In 1979, his first fairy tale came out.”可知，1979年，他的第一部童话出版了。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“He only had a four-year primary school education”可知，郑渊洁只接受过四年的小学教育，因此D选项表述有误。故选D。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The writer’s biggest dream is coming true—his stories are loved by people of different ages.”可知，郑渊洁最大的梦想是不同年龄的人都喜欢他的故事。故选A。 E Animals grow up in different ways. Some animals are born helpless but their mothers protect them. A newborn kangaroo is very small. It is only a few centimetres (cm) long. It doesn’t have hair. It doesn’t open her eyes for at least five months. It stays safe in its mother’s pouch (育儿袋) for a long time. A newborn monkey cannot walk. Its mother carries it everywhere. Other baby animals can walk soon after they’re born. They learn to run with their mothers when danger is near. A baby zebra can run an hour after she is born. Some baby animals are born in a place that is safe. Baby wolves are usually born in large holes with little light. Other baby animals are born in the open. A baby elephant is born on open, grassy land. Animals that drink their mothers’ milk are called mammals (哺乳动物). A mother bear’s milk is rich. Baby bears have milk for six months. Baby zebras drink milk for six months or more! As baby animals grow, they need solid (固体的) food. Baby lions eat what their mothers can catch. 41. How many kinds of baby animals are mentioned in this passage? A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. D. Eight. 42. Which baby animals close their eyes for at least five months? A. Lions. B. Kangaroos. C. Zebras. D. Elephants. 43. What can a baby zebra do an hour after she is born? A. Run. B. Walk. C. Drink milk. D. Jump. 44. What’s the main food of newborn mammals? A. Grass. B. Mothers’ milk. C. Smaller animals. D. Solid food. 45. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Baby wolves are born in the open. B. Newborn lions only eat solid food. C. Newborn monkeys can walk but can’t jump. D. Baby bears have milk for half a year. 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了不同动物的幼崽在成长过程中受到母亲保护、学习生存技能以及从喝母乳到吃固体食物的方式。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A newborn kangaroo”，“A newborn monkey”，“A baby zebra”，“Baby wolves”，“A baby elephant”，“Baby bears”和“Baby lions”可知，一共提到了七种动物幼崽。故选C。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A newborn kangaroo is very small. ... It doesn’t open her eyes for at least five months.”可知，袋鼠出生后5个月才会睁眼睛。故选B。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A baby zebra can run an hour after she is born.”可知，小斑马出生后一小时就能跑了。故选A。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Animals that drink their mothers’ milk are called mammals (哺乳动物).”可知，刚出生哺乳动物以母奶为食。故选B。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Baby bears have milk for six months.”可知，熊宝宝可以喝奶半年。故选D。 八年级下学期寒假作业检测英语试题 第Ⅱ卷（共50分） 三、（每空1分，满分40分） 根据音标写出其单词和汉语。 46. [infə'meiʃn] ______ ______ 47. [trə'diʃnəl] ______ ______ 48. [,mægə'zi:n] ______ ______ 49. ['mɒnɪtə] ______ ______ 50. ['dɪʃik(ə)lt] ______ ______ 51. ['kʌmf(ə)təb(ə)l] ______ ______ 52. [sep'tembə] ______ ______ 53. [ɪk'saɪtɪd] ______ ______ 54. [im'pru:v] ______ ______ 55. [ʌm'brelə] ______ ______ 56. [sə'saiəti] ______ ______ 57. ['medisin] ______ ______ 58. ['dʒentlmən] ______ ______ 59. [sɔ: lt] ______ ______ 60. ['nə:vəs] ______ ______ 61. [praʊd] ______ ______ 62. [ɪn'vaɪt] ______ ______ 63. ['lʌvlɪ] ______ ______ 64. ['kʌmpəni] ______ ______ 65. [ik'spensiv] ______ ______ 【答案】46. ①. information ②. 信息 47. ①. traditional ②. 传统的 48. ①. magazine ②. 杂志 49. ①. monitor ②. 班长 50. ①. difficult ②. 困难的 51. ①. comfortable ②. 舒服的 52. ①. September ②. 九月 53. ①. excited ②. 激动的；兴奋的 54. ①. improve ②. 改进；提高 55. ①. umbrella ②. 雨伞 56. ①. society ②. 社会 57. ①. medicine ②. 药；医学 58. ①. gentleman ②. 绅士 59. ①. salt ②. 盐 60. ①. nervous ②. 紧张的 61. ①. proud ②. 骄傲的；自豪的 62. ①. invite ②. 邀请 63. ①. lovely ②. 可爱的 64. ①. company ②. 公司 65. ①. expensive ②. 昂贵的 【解析】 【46题详解】 [infə'meiʃn]“information”，名词，意为“信息”。故填information；信息。 【47题详解】 [trə'diʃnəl]“traditional”，形容词，意为“传统的”。故填traditional；传统的。 【48题详解】 [,mægə'zi:n]“magazine”，名词，意为“杂志”。故填magazine；杂志。 【49题详解】 ['mɒnɪtə]“monitor”，名词，意为“班长”。故填monitor；班长。 【50题详解】 ['dɪʃik(ə)lt]“difficult”，形容词，意为“困难的”。故填difficult；困难的。 【51题详解】 ['kʌmf(ə)təb(ə)l]“comfortable”，形容词，意为“舒服的”。故填comfortable；舒服的。 【52题详解】 [sep'tembə]“September”，名词，意为“九月”。故填September；九月。 【53题详解】 [ɪk'saɪtɪd]“excited”，形容词，意为“激动的；兴奋的”。故填excited；激动的；兴奋的。 54题详解】 [im'pru:v]“improve”，动词，意为“改进；提高”。故填improve；改进；提高。 【55题详解】 [ʌm'brelə]“umbrella”，名词，意为“雨伞”。故填umbrella；雨伞。 【56题详解】 [sə'saiəti]“society”，名词，意为“社会”。故填society；社会。 【57题详解】 ['medisin]“medicine”，名词，意为“药；医学”。故填medicine；药；医学。 【58题详解】 ['dʒentlmən]“gentleman”，名词，意为“绅士”。故填gentleman；绅士。 【59题详解】 [sɔ: lt]“salt”，名词，意为“盐”。故填salt；盐。 【60题详解】 ['nə:vəs]“nervous”，形容词，意为“紧张的”。故填nervous；紧张的。 【61题详解】 [praʊd]“proud”，形容词，意为“骄傲的；自豪的”。故填proud；骄傲的；自豪的。 【62题详解】 [ɪn'vaɪt]“invite”，动词，意为“邀请”。故填invite；邀请。 【63题详解】 ['lʌvlɪ]“lovely”，形容词，意为“可爱的”。故填lovely；可爱的。 【64题详解】 ['kʌmpəni]“company”，名词，意为“公司”。故填company；公司。 【65题详解】 [ik'spensiv]“expensive”，形容词，意为“昂贵的”。故填expensive；昂贵的。 四、语法填空（共10小题，每小题10分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。每空1个单词。 China is a large country. It has special cultures with a very long history. Chinese food plays ___66___ (冠词) important role in Chinese families. Chinese people eat their meals with chopsticks. One of the main foods ___67___ (be) rice. Tea is a favorite drink. The Chinese calendar is different ___68___ (介词) the one used in Western countries. The lunar New year is in late winter. It is also called the Spring Festival. And it also has some special___69___ (tradition) customs. For example, ___70___ (sweep) the floor before the lunar New Year sweeps away all old year’s bad ___71___ (lucky). The Chinese zodiac, known as shengxiao, follows a twelve-year cycle. Each year is ___72___ (name) after an animal. For example, the year 2024 is the year of the dragon. Chinese is a little difficult. Chinese writing have developed for ___73___ (thousand) of years. A character stands for a word and also a ___74___ (mean). Besides Putonghua, Chinese people some other ___75___ (kind) of the language, and there are many kinds of dialects (方言). 【答案】66. an 67. is 68. from 69. traditional 70. sweeping 71. luck 72. named 73. thousands 74. meaning 75. kinds 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国的一些文化习俗。 【66题详解】 句意：中餐在中国家庭中扮演着重要角色。play an important role表示“扮演重要角色，起重要作用”，固定短语。故填an。 【67题详解】 句意：主要食物之一是大米。“one of+名词复数”作主语，be动词用is。故填is。 【68题详解】 句意：中国的历法与西方国家使用的历法不同。be different from“与……不同”，固定短语。故填from。 【69题详解】 句意：它也有一些特殊的传统习俗。修饰名词customs应用tradition的形容词traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 【70题详解】 句意：例如，在农历新年之前扫地可以扫除旧年所有的坏运气。根据“sweeps away”可知，此处是动名词作主语，谓语动词用三单，sweep的动名词为sweeping。故填sweeping。 【71题详解】 句意：例如，在农历新年之前扫地可以扫除旧年所有的坏运气。根据“all old year’s bad”可知，此处指旧年的坏运，应用lucky的名词luck。故填luck。 【72题详解】 句意：每年都以一种动物命名。分析句子可知，此处应用name的过去分词named，与is构成一般现在的被动语态。故填named。 【73题详解】 句意：中国的文字已经发展了几千年。thousands of“成千上万”，表示概数。故填thousands。 【74题详解】 句意：一个字代表一个字，也代表一个意思。a后接名词单数，mean的名词为meaning“意思”。故填meaning。 【75题详解】 句意：除了普通话，中国人还有其他种类的语言，而且有很多种方言。根据“some other”可知，kind要用复数kinds。故填kinds。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 八年级下学期开学寒假作业检测英语试题 时间：60分钟满分:120分 第Ⅰ卷（选择题满分70分） 一、完形填空（每题1分，满分20分） A Jack was a rich young man. One day, he was ___1___ very happily down a street. Suddenly from his car came a terrible sound. He felt ___2___, so he stopped his car and looked around. He saw a child standing nearby with a few small stones in his hand. He jumped ___3___ the car and found a dent (凹痕) in the car door. He was so ___4___ that he caught the boy and shouted at him, “Who are you? Why did you throw a stone at my new car?” “Please, sir, please… I’m sorry! But I didn’t know what else to do!” said the child, “I threw the stone ___5___ I wanted to get you to notice me. I need your ___6___!” Tears (眼泪) were running down the child’s face. He said. “My brother fell out of his wheelchair (轮椅) and was almost under it. He is hurt and too ___7___ for me. Could you give me ___8___ to get him back into his wheelchair?” After hearing this, Jack was moved (感动) and ___9___ to help him. He lifted the child’s brother gently back into his wheelchair. He looked over the boy carefully to make sure that he was OK. Then he watched the child push (推) his brother towards their home. Suddenly the child ____10____ and bowed to him. Jack looked at the dent and smiled. 1. A. walking B. riding C. driving 2 A. excited B. surprised C. tired 3. A. into B. across C. out of 4. A. angry B. sadly C. sorry 5 A. too B. because C. through 6. A. money B. car C. help 7. A. difficult B. weakly C. heavy 8. A. a hand B. a touch C. a car 9. A. agreed B. hated C. wanted 10. A. cried out B. looked around C. turned around B You must know a lot of famous musicians. Do you know a young man ____11____ Lang Lang? Lang Lang is very popular in the world. Lang Lang was born ____12____ the 4th of June, 1982 in Shenyang. His grandfather is a music teacher and his father can play erhu very well. At the age of three he began to learn the piano. When he was five, he ____13____ the first prize in a piano competition in Shenyang. His teacher said he was born for playing the piano. From then on, playing the piano became the ____14____ of Lang Lang and his parents. He studied ____15____ and played the piano several hours every day. In 1991, his father ____16____ working and took him to Beijing to learn the piano. That is the best music school in China. His mother had to work to make money in Shenyang. Lang Lang’s family was poor, ____17____ he never gave up. When he was 14, he began to study the piano in the US. During his stay there, he made great ____18____. In 1999, he became famous ____19____ he played in a great concert in Chicago, US. He gave more and more concerts around the world. Now Lang Lang is a ____20____ musician. Many people like him. 11. A. invited B. called C. helped 12. A. in B. at C. on 13. A. entered B. won C. played 14. A. dream B. plan C. hobby 15. A. hardly B. hard C. well 16. A. began B. started C. stopped 17. A. so B. because C. but 18. A. progress B. value C. information 19. A. after B. before C. when 20. A. terrible B. successful C. common 三、阅读理解（共25小题；每小题2分，满分50分） A It’s true that every country has its customs. We all know that in America if people are pleased with you, they will give you a sign “OK”. But maybe you don’t know this sign is considered to be rude in Brazil. In Poland, guests usually choose flowers as presents for hostesses (女主人). Remember the number must be an odd (奇数) one. And the hostess doesn’t hope that you remove the cover of the bunch (束) of flowers. You must be more careful when you give red roses to a woman because the red rose means love. In China we often hear people say that “nodding” means agreement (同意). And “shaking the head” means disagreement. But in Bulgaria they mean the opposite. We really need to pay more attention to the differences in customs. What’s more, we should learn more about them in order to avoid embarrassment (尴尬). Do remember: When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 21. In what countries is the sign “OK” different? A. In America and China. B. In America and Brazil C. In Brazil and Poland. D. In America and Buigaria. 22. A man wants to visit a friend in Poland. What could he buy for hostesses to be polite? A. Some money. B. Eight red flowers. C. Eleven yellow flowers. D. Nine red roses. 23. What does it mean if a person shakes his head in Bulgaria? A. He doesn’t want to talk with you. B. He agrees with you. C. He disagrees with you. D. He doesn’t like you. 24. “When in Rome do as the Romans do.” What does it mean? A. We do what the Romans do. B. We should do after the Romans C. We must learn from the Romans D. We must observe (遵守) its customs when we are in a foreign country. 25. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Different countries, different customs. B. Learning from the Romans. C. Different countries, the same customs. D. Doing what the Romans do. B When I was young，I liked to play jokes on people I knew, especially on my parents and friends. One day my mother was cooking and I was playing with my younger brother Tony. Suddenly I ran to my mother and said: “Tony fell from the open window!” She was very worried and ran out of the kitchen. Then I said: “Don’t worry, I’m just joking.” My mother shouted at me, “If you do it again, I’ll hit you.” Another day I went swimming with my friends in the sea. I wanted to play a joke on them. In the beginning I swam fast and I called out “Help!”. All my friends came to help me. However, they found that I was joking. But half an hour later I wasn’t joking. I was so fast, soon I got tired and couldn’t swim on in water. I tried my best to call my friends for help, but this time nobody came to help me. In the end they found I was telling the truth. They came and saved my life. They took me to the hospital. This is the best lesson in my life. From then on I haven’t joked on anyone. 26. When he was young, the writer liked to _______. A. play with his brother B. help his mother cook C. play jokes on people D. go swimming with his friends 27. What happened when the writer was playing with his brother? ______ A. He got tired. B. He played a joke on his mother. C. Tony fell from the open window. D. His mother hit him. 28. In the beginning, all his friends came to help him because he ______. A. swam fast B. called for help C. would sink in water D. couldn’t swim on in the water 29. When the writer called his friends for help for the second time, they ______. A. took him to the hospital at once B. came and saved him immediately C. thought at first he was joking again D. did nothing because the writer had lied to them 30. The story tells us that ________. A. swimming is dangerous B. the writer is a naughty boy C. one can play jokes only on people he knows D. if someone always tells lies, others won’t trust (信任) him C Welcome to the Summer Palace Opening hours: Apr. 1—Oct. 3l: 6:30—18:00; Inside gardens: 8:30—17:00 Nov. 1—Mar. 31: 7:00—17:00; Inside gardens: 9:00—16:00 Ticket Price: Adult age 18+ ¥30 Child: age 6—18 ¥15 ◆Free for children under 120 cm (3.9 feet), or below 6 years old. ◆The elderly over 60 enjoy half price. (Ticket prices of Dehe Garden, Tower of Buddhist Incense, Wenchang Hall, Suzhou Street and Danning Hall are not included) Online booking: 1. The tickets are sold 7 days in advance (提前) 2. Your Passport or ID information is required, and one person can book only one ticket per day. 3. One adult could only book one child ticket. Important Notice: ☆During COVID-19 Epidemic Control Period: 1. The real-time local “Health Code” will be checked before entering. 2. Body temperalure over 37.3℃ or coughing and short of breath, visitors are not allowed to enter. 3. Wear masks during the visit and keep distance with others. For more information, you can visit: https://www.travelchinaguide.com/summer-palace-tickets-booking.htm 31. On National Day, visitors can enter the Summer Palace at________. A. 6:00am B. 8:00am C. 9:00pm D. any time 32. How much will a 70-year-old lady pay at least to visit the Summer Palace? A. ¥15 B. ¥30 C. ¥45 D. None 33. How much will a young couple with a 4-year-old child pay at least to visit the Summer Palace? A. ¥30. B. ¥45 C. ¥60 D. ¥75 34. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. One adult could only book one child ticket. B. One should pay extra money to visit Danning Hall. C. Passport or ID information is needed when booking tickets online. D. A man with a high fever can enter the Summer Palace with a mask. 35. Where is the passage probably taken from? A. A story book B. A news report C. A science fiction. D. A travel guide D Have you heard of Zheng Yuanjie? Zheng Yuanjie was born on June 15th, 1955 in Shijiazhuang, Hebei of China. He only had a four-year primary school education, but he is a Chinese fairy tale (童话) writer. Pi Pilu and Lu Xixi are two popular roles that many children like among all his fairy tales. In his life, he writes lots of fairy tales and many of them are famous. Zheng Yuanjie started his writing in 1977. In 1979, his first fairy tale came out. In 1985, Zheng Yuanjie started a children’s magazine called King of Fairy Tales. It is a great success. In 1999, Zheng Yuanjie became a well-known writer in China. He is rich and he makes a lot of money by writing. He is also very helpful and does a lot of things for people who need help. Now many of Zheng Yuanjie’s first readers are parents. Their children are reading the same books that they enjoyed in their childhood. The writer’s biggest dream is coming true—his stories are loved by people of different ages. 36. What is Zheng Yuanjie? A. He is a teacher. B. He is a writer. C. He is a doctor. D. He is an artist. 37. Who are Pi Pilu and Lu Xixi? A. They are Zheng Yuanjie’s friends. B. They are two readers. C. They are two roles in Zheng Yuanjie’s book. D. They are two readers’ parents. 38. When did Zheng Yuanjie’s first fairy tale come out? A. In 1999. B. In 1977. C. In 1979. D. In 1985. 39. Which of the following is Not True? A. Zheng Yuanjie is a famous writer in China. B. Zheng Yuanjie likes to help others. C. Zheng Yuanjie makes lots of money by writing. D. Zheng Yuanjie had many years’ school education. 40. What is Zheng Yuanjie’s biggest dream? A. People of different ages love his fairy tales. B. Making more money. C. Helping more people. D. Writing more fairy tales. E Animals grow up in different ways. Some animals are born helpless but their mothers protect them. A newborn kangaroo is very small. It is only a few centimetres (cm) long. It doesn’t have hair. It doesn’t open her eyes for at least five months. It stays safe in its mother’s pouch (育儿袋) for a long time. A newborn monkey cannot walk. Its mother carries it everywhere. Other baby animals can walk soon after they’re born. They learn to run with their mothers when danger is near. A baby zebra can run an hour after she is born. Some baby animals are born in a place that is safe. Baby wolves are usually born in large holes with little light. Other baby animals are born in the open. A baby elephant is born on open, grassy land. Animals that drink their mothers’ milk are called mammals (哺乳动物). A mother bear’s milk is rich. Baby bears have milk for six months. Baby zebras drink milk for six months or more! As baby animals grow, they need solid (固体的) food. Baby lions eat what their mothers can catch. 41. How many kinds of baby animals are mentioned in this passage? A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. D. Eight. 42. Which baby animals close their eyes for at least five months? A. Lions. B. Kangaroos. C. Zebras. D. Elephants. 43. What can a baby zebra do an hour after she is born? A. Run. B. Walk. C. Drink milk. D. Jump. 44. What’s the main food of newborn mammals? A. Grass. B. Mothers’ milk. C. Smaller animals. D. Solid food. 45. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Baby wolves are born in the open. B. Newborn lions only eat solid food. C. Newborn monkeys can walk but can’t jump. D. Baby bears have milk for half a year. 八年级下学期寒假作业检测英语试题 第Ⅱ卷（共50分） 三、（每空1分，满分40分） 根据音标写出其单词和汉语。 46. [infə'meiʃn] ______ ______ 47. [trə'diʃnəl] ______ ______ 48. [,mægə'zi:n] ______ ______ 49 ['mɒnɪtə] ______ ______ 50. ['dɪʃik(ə)lt] ______ ______ 51. ['kʌmf(ə)təb(ə)l] ______ ______ 52. [sep'tembə] ______ ______ 53. [ɪk'saɪtɪd] ______ ______ 54. [im'pru:v] ______ ______ 55. [ʌm'brelə] ______ ______ 56. [sə'saiəti] ______ ______ 57. ['medisin] ______ ______ 58. ['dʒentlmən] ______ ______ 59. [sɔ: lt] ______ ______ 60. ['nə:vəs] ______ ______ 61 [praʊd] ______ ______ 62. [ɪn'vaɪt] ______ ______ 63. ['lʌvlɪ] ______ ______ 64. ['kʌmpəni] ______ ______ 65. [ik'spensiv] ______ ______ 四、语法填空（共10小题，每小题10分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。每空1个单词。 China is a large country. It has special cultures with a very long history. Chinese food plays ___66___ (冠词) important role in Chinese families. Chinese people eat their meals with chopsticks. One of the main foods ___67___ (be) rice. Tea is a favorite drink. The Chinese calendar is different ___68___ (介词) the one used in Western countries. The lunar New year is in late winter. It is also called the Spring Festival. And it also has some special___69___ (tradition) customs. For example, ___70___ (sweep) the floor before the lunar New Year sweeps away all old year’s bad ___71___ (lucky). The Chinese zodiac, known as shengxiao, follows a twelve-year cycle. Each year is ___72___ (name) after an animal. For example, the year 2024 is the year of the dragon. Chinese is a little difficult. Chinese writing have developed for ___73___ (thousand) of years. A character stands for a word and also a ___74___ (mean). Besides Putonghua, Chinese people some other ___75___ (kind) of the language, and there are many kinds of dialects (方言). 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$