精品解析：北京市房山区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末英语试题

房山区2024-2025学年度第一学期学业水平调研（二） 高二英语 本试卷共10页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Leaping on a narrow balance beam (平衡木) is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13-year-old gymnast, is an expert at it. To perfect her skills, Lola ___1___ for four hours a day, five days a week. At the state championships in March, she finished seventh out of 16 girls. That’s especially impressive, since she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift constantly. She often sees double and can’t tell how far away things are. When she was little, her mom ___2___ that even though she couldn’t see well, she was fearless. So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three. She loved the sport right away. Though learning gymnastics has been more ___3___ for her than for some of her teammates, she has never quit. She doesn’t let her ___4___ stop her from doing anything that she wants to. Her biggest ___5___ is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams. She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine. “You have to ___6___ your mind that it’ll take you where you want to go;” says Lola. The beam is probably the most fearful for anyone because it’s four inches wide. At the state competition, she got an 8.1 out of 10. Lola never thinks about ___7___. She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnastics. Her ___8___ is to reach level 9. She says she wants to be a gymnastics coach to pass down what she’s learned to other kids when she grows up. Lola is ___9___ of all her hard work and success. She says it’s helped her overcome problems in her life outside gymnastics, too. Her _____10_____ for others is “just believe ourselves”. 1. A. runs B. trains C. teaches D. dances 2. A. imagined B. suspected C. noticed D. remembered 3. A. boring B. difficult C. enjoyable D. satisfactory 4. A. talent B. nature C. condition D. quality 5. A. doubt B. advantage C. program D. challenge 6. A. trust B. open C. express D. examine 7. A. showing up B. giving off C. showing off D. giving up 8. A. goal B. range C. view D. standard 9. A. tired B. proud C. ashamed D. confident 10. A. plan B. reward C. advice D. responsibility 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位叫洛拉的13岁体操运动员，她天生患有视力障碍，但通过自己的努力克服困难，最终取得成功的故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了完善她的技能，洛拉每周训练五天，每天训练四个小时。A. runs跑步；B. trains训练；C. teaches教；D. dances跳舞。根据前文“To perfect her skills(为了完善她的技能)”可知，为了达到这个目的，洛拉每天“训练”四个小时，一周五天。故选B项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她还小的时候，她的妈妈注意到，尽管她看不清楚，但她无所畏惧。A. imagined想象；B. suspected怀疑；C. noticed注意；D. remembered记得。根据后文“even though she couldn’t see well, she was fearless(尽管她视力不好，但她很无畏)”可知，这是她妈妈“注意到”的事情。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然学习体操对她来说比她的一些队友更难，但她从未放弃。A. boring无聊的；B. difficult困难的；C. enjoyable享受的；D. satisfactory令人满意的。根据前文“That’s especially impressive, since she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift constantly.”可知，她是法定盲人，天生有一种罕见的疾病导致她的眼睛不停地转动，经常看到重影且无法判断物体的距离。由此可知，学习体操对她来说比她的一些队友更“困难”。故选B项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不会让自己的身体状况阻止她做任何她想做的事。A. talent天资；B. nature自然；C. condition状况；D. quality质量。根据前文“even though she couldn’t see well, she was fearless(尽管她视力不好，但她很无畏)”可知，她视力不好，但是她不让她的“状况”阻止她做任何她想做的事情。故选C项。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她最大的挑战是平衡木。A. doubt怀疑；B. advantage优点；C. program节目；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams. She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine.(因为她有重影，她经常看到两根平衡木。在她的动作过程中，她必须用她的触觉来帮助她)”可知，平衡木对她来说是最大的“挑战”。故选D项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你必须相信自己的想法，它会带你去你想去的地方，”洛拉说。A. trust相信；B. open打开；C. express表达；D. examine检查。根据句意以及下文“that it’ll take you where you want to go”可知，你必须相信你的头脑会带你去你想去的地方。故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：洛拉从没想过要放弃。A. showing up出现；B. giving off发出；C. showing off炫耀；D. giving up放弃。根据下文“Her ___8___ is to reach level 9.”可知，她的目标是达到9 级，可知她从不考虑“放弃”。故选D项。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的目标是升到9级。A. goal目标；B. range范围；C. view观点；D. standard标准。根据前文她目前7级，最10级，以及后文“to reach level 9(达到 9 级)”可知，“达到9级”是她的“目标”。故选A项。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：洛拉为自己的努力和成功感到自豪。A. tired疲劳的；B. proud自豪的；C. ashamed羞耻的；D. confident自信的。根据前文她克服困难取得成功，以及后文“She says it’s helped her overcome problems in her life outside gymnastics, too.( 她说这也帮助她克服了体操之外生活中的问题)”，可知，洛拉为她所有的努力和成功感到“骄傲”。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她给别人的建议是“相信自己”。A. plan计划；B. reward奖励；C. advice建议；D. responsibility责任。根据后文“just believe in yourself(只要相信自己)”可知，这是她给别人的“建议”。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Etenesh Diro had almost completed two thirds of the 3000 m steeplechase, when disaster struck. She got tangled up with some other competitors. It made her fall. Her right shoe started to come off. But ____11____ (try) to pull the shoe back on cost her precious time. So she ____12____ (throw) the shoe away. She ran the rest of the race ____13____ just one shoe on. It raised a big cheer for her. Luckily, she ____14____ (give) a chance to compete in the final later. Losing a shoe didn’t keep her from taking part. This is the true spirit of sport. 【答案】11. trying 12. threw 13. with 14. was given 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了运动员Etenesh Diro在3000米障碍赛中经历意外但仍坚持比赛的故事，体现了体育精神。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但是试图把鞋子重新穿上浪费了她宝贵的时间。空白处在句子中作主语，应使用动名词，故填trying。 【12题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：因此她把鞋子扔掉了。空白处在句子中作谓语，因句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时，故填threw。 【13题详解】 考查介词。句意：她穿着一只鞋跑完了剩下的比赛。设空处与下文构成with的复合结构，描述一种伴随状态，故填with。 【14题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：幸运的是，她后来得到了参加决赛的机会。谓语动词give与主语she之间是被动关系，要使用被动语态，因句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，又因主语she为单数，故填was given。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Ecotourism is a type of tourism ____15____ conserves the environment. It ____16____ (encourage) people to be responsible travellers and involves educating them about the natural world. For ____17____ (country) such as Costa Rica, Kenya and Nepal, ecotourism is an important part of the economy. Some ecotourism holidays involve voluntary work, such as planting trees or counting endangered animals. 【答案】15. that##which 16. encourages 17. countries 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了生态旅游是一种保护环境的旅游。它鼓励人们成为负责任的旅行者，并教育他们了解自然世界。 【15题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：生态旅游是一种保护环境的旅游。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词a type of tourism，指物，在从句中作主语成分，所以为关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。 【16题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它鼓励人们成为负责任的旅行者，并教育他们了解自然世界。根据文章整体时态以及本句描述的客观事实可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“It” 是第三人称单数，所以动词“encourage” 要用第三人称单数形式encourages。故填encourages。 【17题详解】 考查名词复数形式。句意：对于哥斯达黎加、肯尼亚和尼泊尔等国家来说，生态旅游是其经济的重要组成部分。根据后面列举的“Costa Rica, Kenya and Nepal”可知，这里说的是多个国家，“country”是可数名词，所以要用复数形式countries。故填countries。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The first landmark to catch, my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world’s longest bridge ____18____ (build) over permafrost. Look! A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure. Thirty-three passages have been constructed under the railway to allow the animals ____19____ (move) safely and freely in their natural habitat. Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years. They seem ____20____ (total) unaware that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour. 【答案】18. built 19. to move 20. totally 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要描述了在清水河大桥飞驰而过时看到的情景。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：首先映入眼帘的是壮丽的清水河大桥，它是世界上最长的建在永久冻土上的桥梁。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰the world’s longest bridge，the world’s longest bridge和build为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填built。 【19题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：铁路下面修建了33条通道，让动物们在自然栖息地安全、自由地活动。“allow sb./sth. to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“允许某人/某物做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式 to move作宾语补足语。故填to move。 【20题详解】 考查副词。句意：他们似乎完全没有意识到我们正以每小时100多公里的速度飞驰而过。此处修饰形容词“unaware”，应该用副词形式，total的副词是totally，意为“完全地”，所以填 totally，“totally unaware”表示“完全没有察觉到”。故填totally。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A A good doormat is a must all year round. Our beautifully handmade doormats are made from traditional materials. They are hard-wearing and long-lasting, protect your floors from being tracked in dirt and dust, and clean shoes brilliantly. Our beautiful mats decorate the doorsteps of many museums. They are made of high quality natural materials and fit in perfectly with their surroundings, in a wide range of thicknesses to make a mat to your exact needs. Our doormats are handmade in our UK workshop to ensure their maximum use. Our personalized doormats make brilliant housewarming or wedding gifts, and are perfect for welcoming visitors to your home with a unique message. We are also able to produce complex design logos for businesses. Your chosen design is cut out of the natural materials and each part of the design is replaced with colored material, so the design goes all the way to the bottom of the mat. This is a much more complex process than simple printing, but mats made by this method last much longer. With over 30 years of experience in the production of handmade doormats, our workshop is an expert in its field. Our workers are skilled in creating handmade mats, using techniques that have been handed down through the generations. Please call to discuss your requirements so that we can advise on the most appropriate solution for your home. We are happy to give advice with no charge. Now we have a special offer for a week, during which you can enjoy a half discount and a free delivery. Call us on 020 88195869. 21. What can we know about the doormats? A. They can be used for a long time. B. They are made of the latest materials. C. They are made by machines in the UK. D. They can clean up the dirt and dust themselves. 22. According to the passage, a personalized doormat . A. is designed in a museum B. can heat the house C. is handed down to the children D. can be a great wedding present 23. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A travel guide. B. A book review. C. A fashion magazine. D. A science report. 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了手工制作的门垫，包括其材质、特点、用途（可作为礼物、用于商业等），还提到了制作工艺和优惠活动等。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“They are hard-wearing and long-lasting, protect your floors from being tracked in dirt and dust, and clean shoes brilliantly.(它们耐磨且经久耐用，可以保护你的地板不被泥土和灰尘所拖累，还能很好地清洁鞋子。)”可知，这些门垫耐磨且耐用，能长时间使用。故选A项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Our personalized doormats make brilliant housewarming or wedding gifts, and are perfect for welcoming visitors to your home with a unique message.(我们的个性化门垫是乔迁之喜或结婚礼物的绝佳选择，也非常适合用独特的信息欢迎来访的客人。)”可知，个性化的门垫是很棒的乔迁礼物或结婚礼物。故选D项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意可知，本文主要介绍了手工制作的门垫，包括其材质、特点、用途（可作为礼物、用于商业等），还提到了制作工艺和优惠活动等，整体是关于家居用品的介绍，由此可推知，这篇文章可能来自一本时尚杂志。故选C项。 B As a child, Wang Junyan never dreamed of becoming a famous person on TV. Now she is the presenter for Universe TV’s news programmes. I asked her how she had achieved success, and she told me her story. “It was my mother who taught me to be curious: She had a great love of everything in the universe and she taught me to be interested in mankind and nature,” Junyan told me. “We would look in old nests to find birds’ feathers and we would even turn over stones to look at the little creatures there. I loved doing that,” remembered Junyan. She said, “My mother was a strong character. Although there were lots of difficulties to overcome, she never let her problems defeat her. She worked extremely hard to support me through school and during my time at Fudan University. Her attitude towards life will never stop influencing my thoughts and actions.” After graduating from university, she became a reporter for a local newspaper. She said she chose to be a journalist because it is important that people grasp what is going on around them. I asked her if there was any special moment that made her realise this and she replied that it was after she was asked to inspect an illegal business. Her report helped the people who had been affected and it also helped the government inspect the company and catch the guilty people. “That is when I realised the importance of being a journalist,” said Junyan. “Writing that report wasn’t easy, but I realised that people needed to know and so I didn’t give up,” Junyan told me. I asked Junyan what she liked most about her job and she said that although there wasn’t much glory in a reporter’s existence, she found it interesting and challenging. “I meet a lot of people and go to many different places. I’m never bored with this job!” She added that as a reporter she needed many different skills and was constantly challenged to learn new things. Finally, I asked her if after many years she still felt curious. Smiling brightly, she told me, “Nothing that I learned from my mother has ever left me. Today when I’m looking for stories, I still feel like I’m turning over stones to see what might be hiding beneath!” 24. How did Junyan’s mother influence her? A. Junyan’s mother worked part-time to support her. B. Junyan’s-mother taught her how to write a good report. C. Junyan’s mother accompanied her to study at university. D. Junyan’s mother helped her to develop an interest in humans and nature. 25. Why did Junyan choose to be a journalist? A. To become a famous person on TV. B. To learn many different skills and new things. C. To meet more people and go to many different places. D. To make people aware of what is going on around them. 26. What did Junyan think of inspecting the illegal business? A. Scary but exciting. B. Difficult but meaningful. C. Simple but innovative. D. Dangerous but well-paid. 27. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Curiosity can make a difference in a person’s life. B. Accepting what you have makes you happy. C. Ups and downs can make one strong. D. Chance favors the prepared mind. 【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公王君燕在妈妈的影响下培养了好奇心，这种好奇心促使她对周围的事物感兴趣，选择成为记者，在工作中不断探索和追求真相，好奇心对她的人生产生了重要影响。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中““It was my mother who taught me to be curious: She had a great love of everything in the universe and she taught me to be interested in mankind and nature,” Junyan told me. “We would look in old nests to find birds’ feathers and we would even turn over stones to look at the little creatures there. I loved doing that,” remembered Junyan.( “是我的母亲教会我要有好奇心：她对宇宙中的一切都有极大的热爱，她教会我对人类和自然感兴趣，”君燕告诉我。“我们会在古老的鸟巢里寻找鸟类的羽毛，我们甚至会翻开石头来观察那里的小生物。我喜欢这样做，”君燕回忆道。)” 可知，王君燕的妈妈教她对宇宙中的一切充满热爱，培养了她对人类和自然的兴趣。故选D项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She said she chose to be a journalist because it is important that people grasp what is going on around them.( 她说，她选择成为一名记者，因为人们了解周围发生的事情是很重要的。)”可知，王君燕选择成为一名记者是因为她认为让人们了解周围正在发生的事情很重要。故选D项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Her report helped the people who had been affected and it also helped the government inspect the company and catch the guilty people. “I hat is when I realised the importance of being a journalist,” said Junyan. “Writing that report wasn’t easy, but I realised that people needed to know and so I didn’t give up,” Junyan told me.( 她的报告帮助了那些受到影响的人，也帮助了政府检查公司，抓住了有罪的人。“那时我才意识到作为一名记者的重要性，”君燕说。“写那份报告并不容易，但我意识到人们需要知道，所以我没有放弃，”君燕告诉我。)” 可知，王君燕认为调查非法企业写报告虽然不容易（困难），但帮助了受影响的人，也帮助政府检查公司并抓住了有罪的人（有意义），B选项“Difficult but meaningful.”（困难但有意义）正确。故选B项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“I’m never bored with this job!” She added that as a reporter she needed many different skills and was constantly challenged to learn new things. Finally, I asked her if after many years she still felt curious. Smiling brightly, she told me, “Nothing that I learned from my mother has ever left me. Today when I’m looking for stories, I still feel like I’m turning over stones to see what might be hiding beneath!”(我对这份工作永远不会感到厌倦！”她补充说，作为一名记者，她需要许多不同的技能，并不断挑战学习新事物。最后，我问她，多年以后，她是否仍然感到好奇。她灿烂地笑着对我说：“我从母亲那里学到的东西从来没有离开过我。今天，当我在寻找故事的时候，我仍然觉得自己是在翻石头，看看下面可能藏着什么！”)”可知，文章主要讲述了王君燕在妈妈的影响下培养了好奇心，这种好奇心促使她对周围的事物感兴趣，选择成为记者，在工作中不断探索和追求真相，好奇心对她的人生产生了重要影响。由此可推知，作者想告诉我们好奇心可以改变一个人的生活。故选A项。 C Humans have names, of course, and dogs and cats may react when their names are called. Some ocean animals, including the dolphin, invent their own names when they are very young. And the birds called parrots may also use names. Each of these naming animals also have the ability to learn and say individual new sounds throughout their lives, as does the African elephant, the research shows. African elephants are among the largest animals that live on land. They call each other by and answer to individual names, a new study finds. Such communication is rare in the animal world. The names are one part of the low sounds, or rumbles, elephants make. They can hear these sounds over long distances where they live in the savannah — large grassy areas of land mixed with woodlands. Scientists believe that animals with complex social structures may be more likely to use individual names. Stuart Pimm of Duke University is an ecologist who was not involved with the study. He said: “If you’re looking after a large family, you’ve got to be able to say, Hey, Virginia, get over here!” The study was released in the publication Nature Ecology and Evolution. In the study, biologists used machine learning to find the use of names in recordings of savanna elephant sounds. The sounds were recorded at Kenya’s Samburu National Reserve and Amboseli National Park. The researchers followed the elephants as they traveled to observe which one called out and which one appeared to answer. By examining only the audio data, the computer model predicted which elephant was being called 28 percent of the time, likely due to the inclusion of its name. When fed meaningless data, the model only correctly predicted eight percent of calls. Researchers tested their results by playing recordings to individual elephants. The elephants reacted more energetically, moving their ears and lifting their trunks, to recordings that contained their names. Sometimes elephants did not react in any way to the sounds of elephant names other than their own. Ecologist George Wittemyer, who helped write the study, said “Elephants are incredibly social, always talking and touching each other — this naming is probably one of the things that underpins their ability to communicate to individuals.” 28. The author mentions many anımals in Paragraph 1 to ______. A. question the result B. introduce the topic C. illustrate an argument D. present an assumption 29. From the passage, we can know that ______. A. communication between animals is rare in the animal world B. African elephants can’t hear low sounds over long distances C. African elephants use individual names when communicating D. animals with simple social structures tend to use individual names 30. What did the researchers do in the study? A. They used the computer model to analyze the audio data. B. They followed the elephants to record their daily routine. C. They used machine learning to communicate with elephants. D. They tested the results by playing recordings to a group of elephants. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究指出部分动物对名字有反应或会使用 “名字”，且它们和非洲象都具备终生学习与发出新声音的能力。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Humans have names, of course, and dogs and cats may react when their names are called. Some ocean animals, including the dolphin, invent their own names when they are very young. And the birds called parrots may also use names. Each of these naming animals also have the ability to learn and say individual new sounds throughout their lives, as does the African elephant, the research shows.( 当然，人是有名字的，狗和猫在被叫名字的时候也会有反应。一些海洋动物，包括海豚，在很小的时候就发明了自己的名字。被称为鹦鹉的鸟也有自己的名字。研究表明，这些命名动物中的每一种都有能力在一生中学习和说出单独的新声音，就像非洲象一样。)”可知，文章第一段提到人类有名字，狗和猫对它们的名字有反应，海豚、鹦鹉等动物也有类似 “名字” 的情况，还提到非洲象也有相关能力。而后面的段落主要围绕非洲象使用个体名字进行交流展开详细论述。所以第一段提到多种动物是为了引出关于动物使用个体名字这一话题。故选B项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“African elephants are among the largest animals that live on land. They call each other by and answer to individual names, a new study finds.( 非洲象是陆地上最大的动物之一。一项新的研究发现，它们互相称呼对方，并对对方的名字做出回应。这种交流在动物世界中是罕见的。)” 可知，一项新的研究发现，非洲象在交流时会使用个体名字互相称呼并回应。故选C项。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In the study, biologists used machine learning to find the use of names in recordings of savanna elephant sounds. The sounds were recorded at Kenya’s Samburu National Reserve and Amboseli National Park. The researchers followed the elephants as they traveled to observe which one called out and which one appeared to answer. By examining only the audio data, the computer model predicted which elephant was being called 28 percent of the time, likely due to the inclusion of its name. When fed meaningless data, the model only correctly predicted eight percent of calls.( 在这项研究中，生物学家使用机器学习来查找热带草原大象声音录音中名字的使用情况。这些声音是在肯尼亚的桑布鲁国家保护区和安博塞利国家公园录制的。研究人员在大象行进时跟踪它们，观察哪只大象在喊，哪只大象似乎在回答。通过仅检查音频数据，计算机模型预测了28%的时间是哪头大象被喊，可能是因为包含了它的名字。当输入无意义的数据时，该模型只能正确预测8%的呼叫。) 可知，研究人员使用机器学习在记录的草原象声音中寻找名字的使用情况，通过计算机模型分析音频数据来预测被呼叫的大象。故选A项。 D When it was announced in 2018 that the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai had created the world’s first cloned monkeys, Zhongzhong and Huahua, heated discussions followed online. In fact, cloning has always been with us. It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. It also happens in animals when identical twins are produced from the same egg. These are both examples of natural clones. Cloning has two major uses. First, gardeners use it to produce large quantities of plants for sale. Second, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. Cloning plants is fairly straightforward, while cloning animals is much more complicated and difficult. Over the years, many scientists failed in their attempts to clone animals, but their determination and patience paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough—the cloning of Dolly the sheep. With the advances of scientific research, cloning will have several major uses, in the future. For one thing, it could be used to breed animal species which are endangered, or even bring back species which are now extinct. For another, it could be used to grow human organs or tissue in animals, which could be used for human organ transplants or medical treatments. Finally, cloning could be used to breed animals that will provide us with higher quality meat, milk, or eggs. While there are technical issues that need to be worked through to make widespread cloning possible, the biggest concerns are moral. For example, if scientists brought an extinct animal back into existence, it would probably end up fiving in a zoo. That is not very good for the animal. Even worse for the animal is using it as a source of organ transplants—because it will be injured or even die. In addition, many people worry that eating animal products that result from cloning might be harmful to our health over time. The possibility of using cloning to produce human beings is an even bigger concern. What would happen if such knowledge ended up in the wrong hands? When it comes to cloning, we wonder, ultimately, whether cloning will help or harm the world. No doubt, we will be talking about this question for a long time to come. 31. What can we learn about cloning? A. Cloned animals first appeared in 2018. B. Cloned plants are mainly used for medical research. C. Cloning technology can be used in the study of new plant species. D. Cloning plants is more complicated and difficult than cloning animals. 32. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. Future uses of cloning. B. Scientific researches of cloning. C. The products provided by cloning. D. The medical treatments brought about by cloning, 33. What does the underlined word “moral” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Physical health. B. Technical development. C. Principle and belief. D. Knowledge and experience. 34. What’s the author’s attitude towards cloning? A. Supportive. B. Objective. C. Disapproving. D. Unconcerned. 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了克隆的主要用途和存在的问题。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Second, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.( 其次，它对植物新物种的研究和动物医学研究都很有价值。)”可知，克隆技术对新植物物种的研究和动物的医学研究有价值，也就是克隆技术可用于新植物物种的研究。故选C项。 【32题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“With the advances of scientific research, cloning will have several major uses, in the future. For one thing, it could be used to breed animal species which are endangered, or even bring back species which are now extinct. For another, it could be used to grow human organs or tissue in animals, which could be used for human organ transplants or medical treatments. Finally, cloning could be used to breed animals that will provide us with higher quality meat, milk, or eggs.( 随着科学研究的进步，克隆将有几个主要用途，在未来。一方面，它可以用来繁殖濒临灭绝的动物物种，甚至可以复活现在已经灭绝的物种。另一方面，它可以用来在动物身上培养人体器官或组织，这可以用于人体器官移植或医学治疗。最后，克隆可以用来繁殖动物，为我们提供更高质量的肉、奶或蛋。)”可知，主要讲述了随着科学研究的进步，克隆在未来的几种主要用途，如繁殖濒危动物、培育人体器官用于移植、繁殖提供更高质量产品的动物等，所以第三段的主要内容是克隆的未来用途。故选A项。 【33题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“For example, if scientists brought an extinct animal back into existence, it would probably end up fiving in a zoo. That is not very good for the animal. Even worse for the animal is using it as a source of organ transplants—because it will be injured or even die. In addition, many people worry that eating animal products that result from cloning might be harmful to our health over time. The possibility of using cloning to produce human beings is an even bigger concern. What would happen if such knowledge ended up in the wrong hands?( 例如，如果科学家让一种灭绝的动物复活，它可能最终会生活在动物园里。这对动物来说不是很好。对动物来说，更糟糕的是将其用作器官移植的来源，因为它会受伤甚至死亡。此外，许多人担心，随着时间的推移，吃克隆动物产品可能对我们的健康有害。利用克隆技术生产人类的可能性是一个更大的问题。如果这些知识落入坏人之手，会发生什么？)”可知，根据第四段所举的例子，如克隆已灭绝的动物可能使其生活在动物园对动物不好，把动物作为器官移植的来源会伤害甚至杀死动物，很多人担心食用克隆动物产品可能对健康有害，以及克隆人类的可能性会带来的问题等，这些都是从道德、原则和信仰层面的担忧，所以“moral”指的是 “Principle and belief”（原则和信仰），C 选项正确。故选C项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“When it comes to cloning, we wonder, ultimately, whether cloning will help or harm the world. No doubt, we will be talking about this question for a long time to come.( 当谈到克隆，我们想知道，最终，克隆是否会帮助或伤害世界。毫无疑问，我们将在今后很长一段时间内讨论这个问题。)”可知，文章既介绍了克隆的用途，如在植物繁殖、新物种研究、医学研究、繁殖濒危动物、培育人体器官等方面的作用，又阐述了克隆存在的问题，如道德方面的担忧等，没有偏向支持或反对克隆，所以作者对克隆的态度是客观的。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Whether you were once much more physically active or have never been a regular exerciser, now is a great time to start. Keeping fit is important for everyone. There are endless forms of exercise. ____35____ The division is based on what each calls upon your body to do, and how the movement benefits you. ____36____ Although most aerobic exercises require you to move your whole body, the main focus is on your heart and lungs. Activities like walking, swımmıng, dancing and cycling, if done at sufficient intensity, get you to breathe faster and your heart to work brander Aerobic exercises-burn fat and lower blood sugar. Strength training should be performed two or three times a week. Some suitable exercises include squats, push-ups and exercises performed on resistance machines or using weights or bands. ____37____ Stretching exercises keep your muscles and tendons flexible, preserve your posture, and improve mobility. Stretching can be done every day. Balance exercises call on various systems to help you stay upright and oriented, such as vision, muscles, and joints. ____38____ Some people may wonder how much exercise is appropriate. ____39____ For example, your current fitness level, your strength, flexibility and balance, and your fitness goals. A. Experts divide physical activity into four broad types. B. Aerobic exercise is marked by an increased heart rate. C. Regular aerobic exercise can help keep your mind sharp. D. Many people think that tai chi and yoga are great choices. E. They can help keep your bones strong and build your muscle mass and strength. F. In fact, the amount of exercise you should be getting depends on several factors. G. As more people engage in sports, there is a growing demand for facilities and services. 【答案】35. A 36. B 37. E 38. D 39. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同类型的运动及其对身体的好处，并指出适当的运动量应根据个人情况而定。 【35题详解】 根据上文“There are endless forms of exercise.(运动的形式多种多样)”以及下文“The division is based on what each calls upon your body to do, and how the movement benefits you.(这种分类是基于每种运动对身体的要求以及运动如何对你有益)”可知，这里是在介绍运动的分类。与A项“Experts divide physical activity into four broad types.(专家将体育活动分为四大类)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 【36题详解】 根据下文“Although most aerobic exercises require you to move your whole body, the main focus is on your heart and lungs.(尽管大多数有氧运动需要你移动整个身体，但主要关注的是你的心脏和肺部)”可知，这里是在介绍有氧运动的特点。与B项“Aerobic exercise is marked by an increased heart rate.(有氧运动的特点是心率增加)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 【37题详解】 根据上文“Strength training should be performed two or three times a week. Some suitable exercises include squats, push-ups and exercises performed on resistance machines or using weights or bands.(力量训练应该每周进行两到三次。一些合适的练习包括深蹲、俯卧撑以及使用阻力器械或哑铃和弹力带进行的练习)”可知，上文是在介绍力量训练，可推理出下文介绍力量训练的好处。与E项“They can help keep your bones strong and build your muscle mass and strength.(它们可以帮助保持骨骼强壮，增加肌肉质量和力量)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Balance exercises call on various systems to help you stay upright and oriented, such as vision, muscles, and joints.(平衡练习需要调动各种系统来帮助你保持直立和定向，如视觉、肌肉和关节)”可知，上文说的是要找到合适的平衡练习。与D项“Many people think that tai chi and yoga are great choices.(许多人认为太极拳和瑜伽是很好的选择)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Some people may wonder how much exercise is appropriate.(有些人可能会想知道适当的运动量是多少)”可知，上文提到了你应该进行的运动的量，与F项“In fact, the amount of exercise you should be getting depends on several factors.(事实上，你应该进行的运动量取决于几个因素)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Jesse Brooks was a straight-A student — a result of countless hours spent studying during college. She graduated at the top of her class and believed she would have no problem getting a job. However, having had ten interviews and no job offers, she was starting to wonder what was wrong. “At first I was confused. I’m intelligent and diligent, but why couldn’t I get a job?” Despite having “academic” intelligence, Jesse was missing the intelligence that many employers are now looking for — emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand your own emotions and the emotions of people around you. It can have a surprisingly powerful effect on your life. More and more companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff. They have come to know that people with high EI form better relationships with their colleagues and can manage themselves better. This benefits the company, in the form of higher productivity and profit. Jesse thinks that she spent so much of her college life studying alone that her social skills did not develop well. Determined to get straight As, she had not played any team sports or participated in any school groups, both of which would have helped develop social skills and emotional intelligence. Although she could motivate herself to accomplish a goal, she did not know how to work with others, a key to success in most commercial businesses. Although Jesse might not have a high EI now, psychologists believe she can improve it. Jesse says, “I need to identify people who are ‘natural’ leaders, who work well with others and are great motivators. I should watch what they say and how they act in different situations. Then go out, socialize, and try it out in my own life.” 40. Why was Jesse confused at first? _________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What is emotional intelligence? _________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. More and more companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff, because they have found that people with high EI could motivate themselves to accomplish higher goals. _________________________________________________________________________________ 43. How can you improve your emotional intelligence? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Jesse was confused because despite having high academic intelligence and graduating at the top of her class, she was unable to secure a job. 41. Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand your own emotions and the emotions of people around you. 42. The false part is: “because they have found that people with high EI could motivate themselves to accomplish higher goals.” Explanation: The text states that companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff because people with high EI can form better relationships with their colleagues and manage themselves better, which benefits the company in terms of higher productivity and profit. It does not mention that high EI directly motivates individuals to accomplish higher goals, but rather it implies that the social and self-management skills associated with high EI are beneficial in a work environment. 43. To improve emotional intelligence, one can observe natural leaders and how they interact with others, practice socializing in different situations, and develop better understanding of emotions through active participation in group activities and teamwork. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过杰西的例子说明了情商在工作中的重要性以及怎样提高情商。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“She graduated at the top of her class and believed she would have no problem getting a job. However, having had ten interviews and no job offers, she was starting to wonder what was wrong. “At first I was confused. I’m intelligent and diligent, but why couldn’t I get a job?” (她以全班第一名的成绩毕业，她相信找份工作不会有问题。然而，在参加了十次面试却没有得到工作机会后，她开始怀疑到底是哪里出了问题。“一开始我很困惑。我既聪明又勤奋，但为什么我找不到工作呢？)”可知，杰西一开始很困惑是因为她既聪明又勤奋并且以全班第一名的成绩毕业但是她却没有得到工作机会。故答案为Jesse was confused because despite having high academic intelligence and graduating at the top of her class, she was unable to secure a job. 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand your own emotions and the emotions of people around you.(情商是一种理解自己和周围人情绪的能力。)”可知，情商是一种理解自己和周围人情绪的能力。故答案为Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand your own emotions and the emotions of people around you. 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“More and more companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff. They have come to know that people with high EI form better relationships with their colleagues and can manage themselves better. This benefits the company, in the form of higher productivity and profit.(越来越多的公司使用情商评估测试来招聘新员工。他们已经知道，高情商的人与同事之间的关系更好，也能更好地管理自己。这以更高的生产率和利润的形式使公司受益。)”可知，高情商的人与同事之间的关系更好，也能更好地管理自己，这以更高的生产率和利润的形式使公司受益。但是文章没有提到高情商直接激励个人实现更高的目标。故答案为The false part is: “because they have found that people with high EI could motivate themselves to accomplish higher goals.” Explanation: The text states that companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff because people with high EI can form better relationships with their colleagues and manage themselves better, which benefits the company in terms of higher productivity and profit. It does not mention that high EI directly motivates individuals to accomplish higher goals, but rather it implies that the social and self-management skills associated with high EI are beneficial in a work environment. 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的句子“Determined to get straight As, she had not played any team sports or participated in any school groups, both of which would have helped develop social skills and emotional intelligence.(为了获得全优，她没有参加任何团体运动，也没有参加任何学校团体，而这两项活动都有助于培养社交技能和情商。)”和第五段的句子“Jesse says, “I need to identify people who are ‘natural’ leaders, who work well with others and are great motivators. I should watch what they say and how they act in different situations. Then go out, socialize, and try it out in my own life.”(杰西说：“我需要确定哪些人是‘天生的’领导者，他们与他人合作良好，并且是伟大的激励者。我应该观察他们在不同情况下的言行举止。然后走出去，参加社交活动，在自己的生活中尝试一下。”)”可知，为了提高情商，人们可以观察天生的领导者以及他们如何与他人互动，在不同的情况下练习社交，并通过积极参与团体活动和团队合作来更好地理解情绪。故答案为To improve emotional intelligence, one can observe natural leaders and how they interact with others, practice socializing in different situations, and develop better understanding of emotions through active participation in group activities and teamwork. 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校将要举办一次剪纸艺术展，打算邀请外教Jim参加本次活动。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 展览时间、地点； 2. 活动安排。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m writing to invite you to an upcoming Paper-cutting Art Exhibition at our school, Hongxing High School. The exhibition will be held on this Friday afternoon, from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m., in the school art hall. During the event, you’ll have the opportunity to appreciate a variety of intricate and beautiful paper-cutting works created by our talented students. Additionally, there will be a live demonstration where you can witness the intricate process of paper-cutting firsthand. It’s a great chance to experience traditional Chinese culture and learn about this unique art form. I believe you’ll find it both fascinating and enlightening. Your presence would be greatly appreciated. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇邀请信，要求考生以高二学生李华的身份，用英文给外教Jim写邮件，邀请他参加学校举办的剪纸艺术展，内容需包含展览时间、地点以及活动安排。 【详解】1.词汇积累 即将到来的：upcoming→forthcoming 独特的：unique→particular 演示：demonstration → showcase 传统：traditional → conventional 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：During the event, you’ll have the opportunity to appreciate a variety of intricate and beautiful paper-cutting works created by our talented students. 拓展句：During the event, you’ll have the opportunity to appreciate a variety of intricate and beautiful paper-cutting works which was created by our talented students. 【点睛】【高分句型1】During the event, you'll have the opportunity to appreciate a variety of intricate and beautiful paper-cutting works created by our talented students.（使用了过去分词短语作定语） 【高分句型2】Additionally, there will be a live demonstration where you can witness the intricate process of paper-cutting firsthand.（使用了there be句型和where为引导词的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 房山区2024-2025学年度第一学期学业水平调研（二） 高二英语 本试卷共10页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Leaping on a narrow balance beam (平衡木) is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13-year-old gymnast, is an expert at it. To perfect her skills, Lola ___1___ for four hours a day, five days a week. At the state championships in March, she finished seventh out of 16 girls. That’s especially impressive, since she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift constantly. She often sees double and can’t tell how far away things are. When she was little, her mom ___2___ that even though she couldn’t see well, she was fearless. So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three. She loved the sport right away. Though learning gymnastics has been more ___3___ for her than for some of her teammates, she has never quit. She doesn’t let her ___4___ stop her from doing anything that she wants to. Her biggest ___5___ is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams. She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine. “You have to ___6___ your mind that it’ll take you where you want to go;” says Lola. The beam is probably the most fearful for anyone because it’s four inches wide. At the state competition, she got an 8.1 out of 10. Lola never thinks about ___7___. She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnastics. Her ___8___ is to reach level 9. She says she wants to be a gymnastics coach to pass down what she’s learned to other kids when she grows up. Lola is ___9___ of all her hard work and success. She says it’s helped her overcome problems in her life outside gymnastics, too. Her _____10_____ for others is “just believe ourselves”. 1. A. runs B. trains C. teaches D. dances 2. A. imagined B. suspected C. noticed D. remembered 3. A. boring B. difficult C. enjoyable D. satisfactory 4. A. talent B. nature C. condition D. quality 5. A. doubt B. advantage C. program D. challenge 6. A. trust B. open C. express D. examine 7. A. showing up B. giving off C. showing off D. giving up 8. A. goal B. range C. view D. standard 9. A. tired B. proud C. ashamed D. confident 10. A. plan B. reward C. advice D. responsibility 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Etenesh Diro had almost completed two thirds of the 3000 m steeplechase, when disaster struck. She got tangled up with some other competitors. It made her fall. Her right shoe started to come off. But ____11____ (try) to pull the shoe back on cost her precious time. So she ____12____ (throw) the shoe away. She ran the rest of the race ____13____ just one shoe on. It raised a big cheer for her. Luckily, she ____14____ (give) a chance to compete in the final later. Losing a shoe didn’t keep her from taking part. This is the true spirit of sport. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Ecotourism is a type of tourism ____15____ conserves the environment. It ____16____ (encourage) people to be responsible travellers and involves educating them about the natural world. For ____17____ (country) such as Costa Rica, Kenya and Nepal, ecotourism is an important part of the economy. Some ecotourism holidays involve voluntary work, such as planting trees or counting endangered animals. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The first landmark to catch, my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world’s longest bridge ____18____ (build) over permafrost. Look! A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge, with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure. Thirty-three passages have been constructed under the railway to allow the animals ____19____ (move) safely and freely in their natural habitat. Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years. They seem ____20____ (total) unaware that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A A good doormat is a must all year round. Our beautifully handmade doormats are made from traditional materials. They are hard-wearing and long-lasting, protect your floors from being tracked in dirt and dust, and clean shoes brilliantly. Our beautiful mats decorate the doorsteps of many museums. They are made of high quality natural materials and fit in perfectly with their surroundings, in a wide range of thicknesses to make a mat to your exact needs. Our doormats are handmade in our UK workshop to ensure their maximum use. Our personalized doormats make brilliant housewarming or wedding gifts, and are perfect for welcoming visitors to your home with a unique message. We are also able to produce complex design logos for businesses. Your chosen design is cut out of the natural materials and each part of the design is replaced with colored material, so the design goes all the way to the bottom of the mat. This is a much more complex process than simple printing, but mats made by this method last much longer. With over 30 years of experience in the production of handmade doormats, our workshop is an expert in its field. Our workers are skilled in creating handmade mats, using techniques that have been handed down through the generations. Please call to discuss your requirements so that we can advise on the most appropriate solution for your home. We are happy to give advice with no charge. Now we have a special offer for a week, during which you can enjoy a half discount and a free delivery. Call us on 020 88195869. 21. What can we know about the doormats? A. They can be used for a long time. B. They are made of the latest materials. C. They are made by machines in the UK. D. They can clean up the dirt and dust themselves. 22. According to the passage, a personalized doormat . A. is designed in a museum B. can heat the house C. is handed down to the children D. can be a great wedding present 23. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A travel guide. B. A book review. C. A fashion magazine. D. A science report. B As a child, Wang Junyan never dreamed of becoming a famous person on TV. Now she is the presenter for Universe TV’s news programmes. I asked her how she had achieved success, and she told me her story. “It was my mother who taught me to be curious: She had a great love of everything in the universe and she taught me to be interested in mankind and nature,” Junyan told me. “We would look in old nests to find birds’ feathers and we would even turn over stones to look at the little creatures there. I loved doing that,” remembered Junyan. She said, “My mother was a strong character. Although there were lots of difficulties to overcome, she never let her problems defeat her. She worked extremely hard to support me through school and during my time at Fudan University. Her attitude towards life will never stop influencing my thoughts and actions.” After graduating from university, she became a reporter for a local newspaper. She said she chose to be a journalist because it is important that people grasp what is going on around them. I asked her if there was any special moment that made her realise this and she replied that it was after she was asked to inspect an illegal business. Her report helped the people who had been affected and it also helped the government inspect the company and catch the guilty people. “That is when I realised the importance of being a journalist,” said Junyan. “Writing that report wasn’t easy, but I realised that people needed to know and so I didn’t give up,” Junyan told me. I asked Junyan what she liked most about her job and she said that although there wasn’t much glory in a reporter’s existence, she found it interesting and challenging. “I meet a lot of people and go to many different places. I’m never bored with this job!” She added that as a reporter she needed many different skills and was constantly challenged to learn new things. Finally, I asked her if after many years she still felt curious. Smiling brightly, she told me, “Nothing that I learned from my mother has ever left me. Today when I’m looking for stories, I still feel like I’m turning over stones to see what might be hiding beneath!” 24. How did Junyan’s mother influence her? A. Junyan’s mother worked part-time to support her. B. Junyan’s-mother taught her how to write a good report. C. Junyan’s mother accompanied her to study at university. D. Junyan’s mother helped her to develop an interest in humans and nature. 25. Why did Junyan choose to be a journalist? A. To become a famous person on TV. B. To learn many different skills and new things. C. To meet more people and go to many different places. D. To make people aware of what is going on around them. 26. What did Junyan think of inspecting the illegal business? A. Scary but exciting. B. Difficult but meaningful. C. Simple but innovative. D. Dangerous but well-paid. 27. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Curiosity can make a difference in a person’s life. B. Accepting what you have makes you happy. C. Ups and downs can make one strong. D. Chance favors the prepared mind. C Humans have names, of course, and dogs and cats may react when their names are called. Some ocean animals, including the dolphin, invent their own names when they are very young. And the birds called parrots may also use names. Each of these naming animals also have the ability to learn and say individual new sounds throughout their lives, as does the African elephant, the research shows. African elephants are among the largest animals that live on land. They call each other by and answer to individual names, a new study finds. Such communication is rare in the animal world. The names are one part of the low sounds, or rumbles, elephants make. They can hear these sounds over long distances where they live in the savannah — large grassy areas of land mixed with woodlands. Scientists believe that animals with complex social structures may be more likely to use individual names. Stuart Pimm of Duke University is an ecologist who was not involved with the study. He said: “If you’re looking after a large family, you’ve got to be able to say, Hey, Virginia, get over here!” The study was released in the publication Nature Ecology and Evolution. In the study, biologists used machine learning to find the use of names in recordings of savanna elephant sounds. The sounds were recorded at Kenya’s Samburu National Reserve and Amboseli National Park. The researchers followed the elephants as they traveled to observe which one called out and which one appeared to answer. By examining only the audio data, the computer model predicted which elephant was being called 28 percent of the time, likely due to the inclusion of its name. When fed meaningless data, the model only correctly predicted eight percent of calls. Researchers tested their results by playing recordings to individual elephants. The elephants reacted more energetically, moving their ears and lifting their trunks, to recordings that contained their names. Sometimes elephants did not react in any way to the sounds of elephant names other than their own. Ecologist George Wittemyer, who helped write the study, said “Elephants are incredibly social, always talking and touching each other — this naming is probably one of the things that underpins their ability to communicate to individuals.” 28. The author mentions many anımals in Paragraph 1 to ______. A. question the result B. introduce the topic C. illustrate an argument D. present an assumption 29. From the passage, we can know that ______. A. communication between animals is rare in the animal world B. African elephants can’t hear low sounds over long distances C. African elephants use individual names when communicating D. animals with simple social structures tend to use individual names 30. What did the researchers do in the study? A. They used the computer model to analyze the audio data. B. They followed the elephants to record their daily routine. C. They used machine learning to communicate with elephants. D. They tested the results by playing recordings to a group of elephants. D When it was announced in 2018 that the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai had created the world’s first cloned monkeys, Zhongzhong and Huahua, heated discussions followed online. In fact, cloning has always been with us. It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. It also happens in animals when identical twins are produced from the same egg. These are both examples of natural clones. Cloning has two major uses. First, gardeners use it to produce large quantities of plants for sale. Second, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. Cloning plants is fairly straightforward, while cloning animals is much more complicated and difficult. Over the years, many scientists failed in their attempts to clone animals, but their determination and patience paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough—the cloning of Dolly the sheep. With the advances of scientific research, cloning will have several major uses, in the future. For one thing, it could be used to breed animal species which are endangered, or even bring back species which are now extinct. For another, it could be used to grow human organs or tissue in animals, which could be used for human organ transplants or medical treatments. Finally, cloning could be used to breed animals that will provide us with higher quality meat, milk, or eggs. While there are technical issues that need to be worked through to make widespread cloning possible, the biggest concerns are moral. For example, if scientists brought an extinct animal back into existence, it would probably end up fiving in a zoo. That is not very good for the animal. Even worse for the animal is using it as a source of organ transplants—because it will be injured or even die. In addition, many people worry that eating animal products that result from cloning might be harmful to our health over time. The possibility of using cloning to produce human beings is an even bigger concern. What would happen if such knowledge ended up in the wrong hands? When it comes to cloning, we wonder, ultimately, whether cloning will help or harm the world. No doubt, we will be talking about this question for a long time to come. 31. What can we learn about cloning? A. Cloned animals first appeared in 2018. B. Cloned plants are mainly used for medical research. C. Cloning technology can be used in the study of new plant species. D. Cloning plants is more complicated and difficult than cloning animals. 32. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. Future uses of cloning. B. Scientific researches of cloning. C. The products provided by cloning. D. The medical treatments brought about by cloning, 33. What does the underlined word “moral” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Physical health. B. Technical development. C. Principle and belief. D. Knowledge and experience. 34. What’s the author’s attitude towards cloning? A. Supportive. B. Objective. C. Disapproving. D. Unconcerned. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Whether you were once much more physically active or have never been a regular exerciser, now is a great time to start. Keeping fit is important for everyone. There are endless forms of exercise. ____35____ The division is based on what each calls upon your body to do, and how the movement benefits you. ____36____ Although most aerobic exercises require you to move your whole body, the main focus is on your heart and lungs. Activities like walking, swımmıng, dancing and cycling, if done at sufficient intensity, get you to breathe faster and your heart to work brander Aerobic exercises-burn fat and lower blood sugar. Strength training should be performed two or three times a week. Some suitable exercises include squats, push-ups and exercises performed on resistance machines or using weights or bands. ____37____ Stretching exercises keep your muscles and tendons flexible, preserve your posture, and improve mobility. Stretching can be done every day. Balance exercises call on various systems to help you stay upright and oriented, such as vision, muscles, and joints. ____38____ Some people may wonder how much exercise is appropriate. ____39____ For example, your current fitness level, your strength, flexibility and balance, and your fitness goals. A. Experts divide physical activity into four broad types. B. Aerobic exercise is marked by an increased heart rate. C. Regular aerobic exercise can help keep your mind sharp. D. Many people think that tai chi and yoga are great choices. E. They can help keep your bones strong and build your muscle mass and strength. F. In fact, the amount of exercise you should be getting depends on several factors. G. As more people engage in sports, there is a growing demand for facilities and services. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Jesse Brooks was a straight-A student — a result of countless hours spent studying during college. She graduated at the top of her class and believed she would have no problem getting a job. However, having had ten interviews and no job offers, she was starting to wonder what was wrong. “At first I was confused. I’m intelligent and diligent, but why couldn’t I get a job?” Despite having “academic” intelligence, Jesse was missing the intelligence that many employers are now looking for — emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand your own emotions and the emotions of people around you. It can have a surprisingly powerful effect on your life. More and more companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff. They have come to know that people with high EI form better relationships with their colleagues and can manage themselves better. This benefits the company, in the form of higher productivity and profit. Jesse thinks that she spent so much of her college life studying alone that her social skills did not develop well. Determined to get straight As, she had not played any team sports or participated in any school groups, both of which would have helped develop social skills and emotional intelligence. Although she could motivate herself to accomplish a goal, she did not know how to work with others, a key to success in most commercial businesses. Although Jesse might not have a high EI now, psychologists believe she can improve it. Jesse says, “I need to identify people who are ‘natural’ leaders, who work well with others and are great motivators. I should watch what they say and how they act in different situations. Then go out, socialize, and try it out in my own life.” 40. Why was Jesse confused at first? _________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What is emotional intelligence? _________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. More and more companies use EI assessment tests to recruit new staff, because they have found that people with high EI could motivate themselves to accomplish higher goals. _________________________________________________________________________________ 43. How can you improve your emotional intelligence? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校将要举办一次剪纸艺术展，打算邀请外教Jim参加本次活动。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 展览时间、地点； 2. 活动安排。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $