Module 3 Unit 3 课件-2024-2025学年外研版英语八年级下册

Journey to space 3 Module Unit 3 Language in use To summarise and consolidate the use of the present perfect tense together with already, just and yet. To be able to understand listening and reading materials on space travel. 1. ______________ a model spacecraft. 我刚刚做了个宇宙飞船模型。 2. ____ it ____________? 它已经到达了吗？ 3. Astronauts ___________________ the moon. 宇航员已经去过月球了。 4. We _____________ life on any other planets _______. 我们还没有在其他星球发现生命。 I’ve just made arrived yet have already been to yet Has have not found Do you still remember the use of “just, yet, already”? Read more examples. e.g. I’ve just returned from Beijing. We have already visited that museum. Has Bob found his wallet yet? 现在完成时 (2) 当表示动作已经完成并对现在有一定影响时，一般用现在完成时。同时，可分别用just, already或yet加以强调或说明。 Now let’s learn some adverbs that are often used in present perfect tense. 1. just “刚刚”，通常用在肯定句中，放在have/has之后，过去分词前。 e.g. Susan has just finished her homework. Susan刚刚完成了她的作业。 2. already “已经”，通常用在肯定句中，放在have/has之后，过去分词前。 e.g. We have already visited the Great Wall. 我们已经参观了长城。 just, already, yet和 ever 二者用法相同，意思略有不同。 3. yet “还；尚未”。常用在否定句或疑问句中，放句末。 e.g. Jack hasn’t read the book yet. Jack还没有读过这本书。 Has your sister entered the speaking competition yet? 你姐姐还没有报名参加演讲比赛吗？ 4. ever “曾经”，通常用在疑问句或肯定句中。 e.g. — Have you ever been to America? —No. But I have ever been to England. —你曾去过美国吗？ —没有。但我曾去过英国。 词条 意义 用法 already 已经 肯定句中，放have/has之后，过去分词前 just 刚刚 肯定句中，放在have/has之后，过去分词前 yet 还；尚未 否定句或疑问句中，放句末 ever 曾经 疑问句或肯定句中，放have/has之后，过去分词前 already, just, yet, ever 1. 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在或虽未持续到现在但仍对现在有影响。在表达经历时只表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于已完成动作对现在的影响。 e.g. —Would you like to watch the movie with me tomorrow? —Sorry, I have watched it. —你愿意明天和我一起看这部电影吗？ —对不起，我已经看过了。 现在完成时 一般过去时 对话中的现在完成时表示对结果的强调：“电影看过了，所以不想再看了”。 2. 一般过去时只表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情，表示发生的动作或存在的状态，对现在不产生影响。表示过去的时间状语只能与一般过去时连用，不能与现在完成时连用。 e.g. —Have you been to Beijing? —Yes. I went there last year. —你已经去过北京了吗？ —是的。我去年去的。 在没有明确的过去时间状语时，如何判断该用现在完成时还是该用一般过去时呢？ 判断的标准是看该行为是否对现在有影响，也就是说该句所强调的是什么。 A: Where have you put my book? I can’t find it. B: I put it on your desk yesterday. A强调的是现在找不到了，因此用现在完成时。 B回答时只说明当时放的位置，所以用一般过去时。 1. —Excuse me, may I use your dictionary? I ________ mine behind. —Sure. Here you are. A. leave B. have left C. will leave D. was leaving (2024安徽) 2. Jenny is an early bird. She ________ at 6:00 in the morning. A. gets up B. got up C. will get up D. has got up (2024河北) B A 4. As a Chinese traditional martial art (武术), Taijiquan _________ to more than 150 countries all over the world so far. A. spreads B. is spreading C. will spread D. has spread (2024江苏省连云港市) 3. —Oh hi, I’m looking for a pair of shoes. —Well, you ________ to the right place. We have a lot of shoes in our shop. A came B. were coming C. will come D. have come (2024江西) D D 5. —Becky, we’re leaving in several minutes. Are you ready? —No, I ______ my clothes yet. A. have packed B. haven’t packed C. didn’t pack (2023四川凉山) 6. — ______ you ______ about Naxi Ancient Music yet? —Yes, I have. It is a part of Naxi culture. A. Has; heard B. Have; heard C. Did; hear D. Do; hear (2023云南) B B Spacecraft on Mars! Astronauts have (1) ________ been to the moon but they have not been to any other planets. However, a spacecraft (2) has _______ arrived on Mars and it has (3) _______ sent back photos of the red planet. Is there life on Mars? We do not know (4) ________. already just already yet Complete the news with already, just and yet. 1 have/has been to 去过某地，现在已经回来了 have/has gone to 去某地了，这个人已经不在这里了 have/has been to & have/has gone to The spacecraft has gone to Mars. It has gone there, but it has not come back yet. Astronauts have been to the moon. They went there and then they came back. Look at these sentences. 2 1. Astronauts have been/gone to the moon and returned. 2. The spacecraft has been/gone into space. It will travel for ten days. 3. The astronaut has been/gone to the space station. He will come back tomorrow. Now choose the correct answer. 4. The spacecraft has been/gone to the space station. It brought back two astronauts. 1. —Lucy, where is Mr. Wang? —Hе ________ Beijing to attend a meeting. A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been in (2024黑龙江龙东) 2. —Have you ever ________ the Great Wall? —Yes, I have. I went there on our last school trip. A. been to B. gone to C. been in (2024四川凉山) A A 3. —Mum, where is Tony? —He ________ to watch a football match. He will be back later. A. has gone B. went C. goes (2023四川乐山) A 4. —I haven’t seen Li Ming for days. Why? —He ________ Beijing. He will come back next month. A. has been to B. has gone to C. will go to (2022四川凉山州) B Complete the sentences with the expressions in the box. have/has been have/has gone 1. A spacecraft __________ to Mars. It is coming back to the earth next year. 2. Six taikonauts ___________ to the Tiangong space station by May 2022. 3. Nie Haisheng __________ to space three times. 4. Two British astronauts __________ to the space station. They will come back in January. has gone have been has been have gone 3 Nicky: I’ve just (1) ________ (watch) a great TV programme about space. Did you know that scientists have (2) __________ (discover) water on Mars? Bill: Yes, I did. And scientists (3) __________ (try) to find life on Mars now. Nicky: Yes, they’re looking for life but they (4) ____________ (not find) anything yet. Bill: There were some new photos of Mars in the newspaper today. (5) _______ you ______ (see) them yet? Nicky: Yes. They’re amazing! watched discovered are trying Complete the conversation with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. haven’t found Have seen 4 Work in pairs. Role-play the conversation. I’ve just watched a great TV programme about space. Did you know that scientists have discovered water on Mars? 5 Yes, I did. And scientists are trying to find life on Mars now. Yes, they’re looking for life but they haven't found anything yet. There were some new photos of Mars in the newspaper today. Have you seen them yet? Yes. They’re amazing! Complete the email with the words in the box. been just met never read written yet FROM: TO: SUBJECT: Dear Li Fang, I’ve (1) _______ finished reading a great book at school. I haven’t (2) ______ anything as good as that for a long time! It’s a story about the solar system. Liu Dan Li Fang I’ve found a great book. just read 6 In the book, the writer imagines that astronauts have (3) ______ to Mars. I’ve (4) _______ thought about that before and I think it’s very interesting. I haven’t (5) ______ anyone famous in my life but I hope one day I can meet an astronaut. I’ve (6) _______ to a Chinese astronaut for more information about space and his experience of space travel. I hope he will write back. He hasn’t (7) ______. Maybe he is too busy. I’m still waiting. Best wishes, Liu Dan met written yet been just met never read written yet been never Look at the picture and tell what the recording may be about. Read the notes and predict what kinds of words you will need to use to complete the notes. a number a number an adjective Now listen to the recording to check if you hear any of your ideas. SPACE space travel solar system astronaut Mars spacecraft space station the earth the moon the sun astronaut Mars spacecraft space station the earth the moon the sun Complete the word map with the words and expressions in the box. 8 Now add more words about space to the word map and write five sentences. 关于太空探索的词汇： challenge, launch, lunar, manned, mission, observe, orbit, probe, rocket, satellite, soft landing, spacecraft, space lab, space suit, unmanned 1. We’ve just read a story about a space station near the sun. 2. Astronauts haven’t been to the sun, because it’s too hot. 3. Spacecraft are travelling in our solar system at the moment. 4. I am interested in space and the stars and planets in our galaxy. 5. I think scientists will send astronauts to Mars one day. Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box. astronaut discover moon news reach spacecraft yet In July 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first (1) __________ to walk on the (2) _________. People all around the world watched their televisions and waited for the (3) _________ to (4) _________ the earth. We have now (5) __________ a lot more about our solar system, and we have sent (6) __________ to Mars, but no one has walked on that planet (7) _________. But I believe one day someone will! astronaut moon news reach discovered spacecraft yet 9 Names of the days of the week Many European languages use the names of the heavenly bodies for the days of the week. For example, in English, Saturday is named after the planet Saturn, the sixth planet from the sun. Sunday is the day of the sun, a traditional day of rest. Monday gets its name from the moon and is the day of the moon. Think of a new system for the names of the days, for example, based on colours, fruits or the weather. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Names of the days of the week The Ancient Greeks first named the days of the week after the sun, the moon and the five known planets. They called the days of the week “days of the gods”. The Ancient Romans copied the Greek system but translated the names into Latin. The Romans built a huge empire and took their traditions with them, so most other European languages eventually copied the Roman system for the days, naming them after the sun, the moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn. In English, some of the names were translated to the names of the old Norse gods and goddesses: Tyr, the god of war, for Mars (Tuesday); Woden or Odin, the “ruler of the gods” and also the guide of souls, for Mercury (Wednesday); Thor, the god of thunder, for Jupiter (Thursday) and Freya, the goddess of love and beauty, for Venus (Friday). Making a poster about space travel Work in groups. Choose a subject, for example, the first moon landing or China’s manned space travels. Look for some photos and information about it. 10 Work in groups to come up with as many interesting ideas for a poster about space travel as possible. Write captions for the photos and use the information you found in Activity 10 to write a description of each one. Give your poster a title. Put it up for your classmates to see. 11 12 Ⅰ. 根据括号内所给英文提示语，将下列句子翻译成英语。 1. 你找到你的钥匙了吗？ (yet) 2. Tony刚刚找到一份新工作。 (just) 3. Mr Cook刚刚买了一辆新车。 (just) 4. Lisa已经打开了所有的礼物。 (already) Have you found your keys yet? Tony has just found a new job. Mr Cook has just bought a new car. Lisa has already opened all the presents / gifts. 5. 我姐姐已经读过这本书了。 (already) 6. Mary还没有告诉我她的生日。 (yet) 7. Ted刚刚完成了两个小时的篮球训练。 (just) 8. 我还没有给Jackson打电话。 (yet) My sister has already read the book. Mary hasn't told me her birthday yet. Ted has just finished two hours of basketball training. I haven't called Jackson yet. Ⅱ. 根据材料内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，使材料意思完整、通顺，注意形式变化。 project, planet, send, earth, light, environment, possible, reach, discover, yet You may have learnt about Jupiter in class at school, but how much do you really know about it? In fact, it is the fifth (1)___________ from the sun and is, by far, the largest planet in the solar system. It takes the (2)____________ more than forty minutes to travel to Jupiter from the sun. planet light project, planet, send, earth, light, environment, possible, reach, discover, yet Jupiter is very huge. It is over 1,300 times bigger than the (3)__________. However, it is a gas giant (气体巨行星) and doesn't have a(n) (4)____________ suitable (适合的) for life, so there may be no animals or plants living there. Scientists started to study Jupiter several hundred years ago. A great scientist named Galileo Galilei studied it carefully and (5)__________ four of its moons (卫星) in the early 17th century. Since (自……以来) the 1970s, scientists in the US have begun to (6)_________ probes (空间探测器) to Jupiter. earth environment discovered send project, planet, send, earth, light, environment, possible, reach, discover, yet Some of these probes have already (7)___________ its orbit (轨道) and taken photos of it. Jupiter is so far away from us that we haven't learnt much about it (8)__________. In the future, scientists will set up more research (9)__________ to study Jupiter. They hope to learn more about it, although it may be (10)___________ for people to live there. reached yet projects impossible There must be something you’ve done for years, such as studying English. Write 5 sentences using present perfect tense. e.g. I have already studied English for 6 years. $$