7B Unit 2 Neighbourhood Grammar～ Further study知识点讲义

7B Unit 2 Neighbourhood Grammar~ Further study知识点讲义 重点短语 随身携带一把雨伞 take an umbrella with me 某人随身携带某物 take sth with sb 确定做某事 be sure to do 在将来 in the future 捡垃圾 pick up the rubbish 匆忙 in a hurry 匆忙做某事 hurry to do 迟到 be late 做某事迟到 be late to do 为...迟到 be late for 决定做某事 decide to do 其他的什么 anything else 一个交换生 an exchange student 在三月五号下午 on the afternoon of 5 March 看下面的信息 look at the information below 发烧 have a fever 喉咙痛，嗓子疼 have a sore throat 做某事有麻烦 have trouble doing 做某事有问题 have problem with 洗衣机 washing machine 有问题 anything wrong with 处理 deal with 想要知道... be wondering that... 担忧 worry about 担忧 be worried about 设计你的房子 design your house 多颜色和款式 know a lot about colours and styles 能做某事 be able to 给你一些想法 give you some ideas 在图书俱乐部会议 at the book club meeting 志愿做某事 volunteer to do 处于需要的某人 someone in need 募捐给植物花草 raise money for plants and flowers 分享关于做某事的想法 share you my idea for doing 组织一个活动 organize an activity 收集旧衣服 collect old things 给他们新生命 give them a new life 分发，捐赠 give away 放弃 give up 寻找一些旧衣服 ask for some old clothes 一起合作 work together 中式建筑 Chinese-style buildings 做一些调查 do some research 语法精讲 Grammar 1. 一般将来时 (1) 基本概念 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。 (2) 时间状语： in+段时间表示在一段时间之后 in a few hours 几小时后 in+将来年份 in 2034 在2034年 next引导的短语 next week 下周 next year明年 this引导的短语 this week 本周 this year 今年 tomorrow及其相关短语 the day after tomorrow 后天 固定搭配 from now on/ in future从今以后 in the future 在将来 the coming new year 即将到来的新年 (3) 一般将来时的基本结构 1) 主语+will +动词原形构成一般将来时 ①肯定句：主语+will+动词原形+其他 I will go to the Children’s Centre after lunch. 午饭后我要去儿童中心。 ②否定句：主语+ will + not + 动词原形+其他 I won’t go to the Children’s Centre after lunch. 午饭后我不去儿童中心。 ③Will+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ will. 否定回答：No，主语+won’t Will you go to the Children’s Centre after lunch? 午饭后你要去儿童中心吗？ Yes,I will./ No, I won’t. 是的，我打算去。/不， 我不打算去。 【注】当主语为I 或we时，will可以用shall进行替换。 缩写：I will= I ’ll she will = she’ll they will = they’ll we will = we’ll will not = won’t I shall= I’ll shall not = shan’t ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 Where will you go after lunch? I will go to the Children’s Centre. 午饭后你要去哪里？我要去儿童中心。 【练一练】单项选择 You can see us on the playground tomorrow. We ________ football there. A．play B．played C．are playing D．will play 【答案】D 【解析】句意：明天你可以在操场上看到我们。我们将在那里踢足球。考查动词时态。根据“tomorrow”可知，时态为一般将来时，结构为will do，此处用will play。故选D。 【练一练】句型转换 Schools will be different in the future.（改为一般疑问句） _______ schools _______ different in the future? 【答案】Will   be 【解析】句意：在将来学校将会不同。此处是一般将来时，变为一般疑问句时，把助动词will位于句首，后面谓语用动词原形，故填Will；be。 2) 主语+be going to +动词原形构成一般将来时 ①肯定句:主语+be going to +动词原形+其他 I am going to volunteer at the Children’s Centre. 我要去儿童中心做志愿者。 He /She is going to volunteer at the Children’s Centre.他要去儿童中心做志愿者。 They/We are going to volunteer at the Children’s Centre.他们/我们要去儿童中心做志愿者。 ②否定句：主语+be + not + going to+动词原形+其他 I am not going to … He /She is not going to ….They/We are not going to … ③Be动词(Am，Is，Are)+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? Are you/we/they going to … Yes, we are. /No, we aren’t. Is she /he going to….. Yes, he/she is. /No, he/she isn’t. ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 What are you going to do? I am going to volunteer at the Children’s Centre.你打算做什么？我要去儿童中心做志愿者。 【练一练】单项选择 —When ________ Henry ________ Hainan Island? —Next Sunday. A．did；visit B．do；visit C．is；going to visit D．does；visit 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——Henry什么时候会去海南岛？——下个星期天。 考查一般将来时。根据答语“Next Sunday”可知下个星期天是将来的时间，因此问句应是用一般将来时来提问，且是有计划地进行，可用be going to do来表示。主语Henry为第三人称单数，因此be动词应用is。故选C。 【拓展】will和be going to 的区别 ①be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。 He is going to write a letter tonight. 他打算今晚写一封信。 He will write a book one day. 总有一天，他会写本书。 ②be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。 He is seriously ill. He is going to die. 他病的很重，他快死了。 He will be twenty years old. 他快20岁了。 ③be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思。 She is going to go move to Shanghai. 他打算搬到上海。 ④在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will。 If it is fine tomorrow, I'll go to the park. 【易错点】只用be going to 的情况 ①根据某些迹象推测很有可能会发生的事。 Look! It’s going to rain! 看！快下雨了！ The car is going to turn over. 那辆车要翻了。 ②谈及打算或事先决定了的事情。 What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大后打算做什么？ 【练一练】单项选择 Look at the black clouds in the sky. I think it ________. A．rains B．rained C．is raining D．is going to rain 【答案】D 【解析】句意：看天上的乌云。我想要下雨了。考查一般将来时。根据“It’s so cloudy”可知，乌云密布，预示着要下雨了。有强烈迹象表示要发生某事时，用一般将来时“be going to”结构，故选D。 【难点】there be的一般将来时 【结构】There will be… / There is/are going to be… 将会有... There is going to be a basketball match this afternoon. 今天下午将举行一场篮球比赛。 There will be a party in his house. 将在他家举行聚会。 【练一练】单项选择 There __________ a children’s football match in our school next Sunday. A．will have B．is going to have C．are going to have D．will be 【答案】D 【解析】句意：下周日我们学校将举行一场儿童足球比赛。考查There be句型的一般将来时。结合句意和“There”可知，这句话为There be句型，表示“某地有……”，根据“next Sunday”可知，句子时态为一般将来时。There be句型的一般将来时表达形式为There is going to be或There will be。故选D。 (4) 表达将来时概念的特殊结构 1) 现在进行时表将来 表示位置转移的动词（如：go, come, leave, start, come, go, arrive, reach等），可用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。如： Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要来了。 They’re leaving for Beijing. 他们即将前往北京。 【练一练】单项选择 — How can I get to Wuhu Railway Station quickly? — Take the light rail, and you ________ in twenty minutes. A．are arriving B．shall arrive C．arrived D．arrive 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我怎样才能快速到达芜湖火车站？——乘轻轨，二十分钟后就到了。考查时态。根据“in twenty minutes”可知，句子应用将来时，此处用现在进行时表示将来，表示“意图”、“安排”或“打算”要做的事情，故选A。 2) 一般现在时表将来 ①某些词，如come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay, live, fly等的一般现在时也可表示根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作。 如：The train leaves at 12:00. 火车12点开出。 ②当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时，时间和条件的状语从句必须用一般现在时表将来。（主将从现）如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨，我会去野餐。 【练一练】单项选择 If it ________ tomorrow, we will go on a picnic by the lake. A．isn’t raining B．won’t rain C．rained D．doesn’t rain 【答案】D 【解析】句意：如果明天不下雨，我们将在湖边野餐。考查时态。分析句子可知，if引导条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”原则，从句主语it是第三人称单数，doesn’t rain符合题意。故选D。 2. But why are you in a hurry?但你为什么这么着急？ · 【精讲】hurry的用法 · (1) 作名词，意为“匆忙，急忙”，指做某事的紧急性，既可用作可数名词，也可用作不可数名词。 · 【短语】in a hurry · 【例句】I'm in a hurry to catch the train.我急着赶火车。 · (2) 作动词，意为“匆忙，急忙（做某事）”，强调快速行动，通常是因为时间有限或事情紧急。 · 【短语】hurry to do sth 急忙做某事 hurry up快点，赶快 · ★do sth in a hurry = hurry to do sth = do sth hurriedly · 【例句】 · I hurried to the office this morning.我今天早上匆忙赶到办公室。 Hurry up, or we will miss the bus.快点，不然我们就赶不上公共汽车了。 · 【练一练】单项选择 · There is no need to be in such a ______. We have enough time. A. hurry B. hurried C. hurries D. hurrying 【答案】A · 【解析】句意：没有必要如此的匆忙，我们有足够的时间。in such a hurry 是固定短语，意为 “如此匆忙”，这里 hurry 是名词。 3. Are you going to take anything else?你还要带别的东西吗？ 【精讲】else用法 (1) else可以用在所有由any-，every-, some-,no- 开头及由-body, -one,-thing,- where结尾的不定代词的后面（而不是按照汉语习惯放在这些词的前面）。 【例句】 Anything else I can do for you ? 我还能为你做别的是事吗？ Ask someone else to help you. 让别人帮助你。 Nothing else, thank you. 没有别的事了，谢谢你。 (2) else用作形容词时常常用来作后置定语，即：放在疑问代词who, what ,which, when ,where, how等后面。 【例句】 Who else can you see?你还能看见别的什么人？ What else do you want? 你还想要别的什么？ Where else do you want to go?你想去别的什么地方吗？ When else can I meet you? 我其他什么时间可以与你见面？ (3) else 还常用于固定结构or else,意为“否则，要不然”。 【例句】Run, or else we’ll be late. 快跑，不然我们就要迟到了。 【辨析】other 与 else 两个词都是“其他的”的含义，但用法不同，other 用于修饰名词，放在名词前，词else有两点用法; (1) 修饰不定代词， 放在不定代词后 (2) 修饰特殊疑问词，放在特殊疑问词后。另外，other 和else有些时候可以互相转化，如：Where else = What other places。 【例句】 What other places places do you want to visit?你还想去其他的地方吗？ What else does he need now? 他现在还需要别的什么吗？ 【练一练】 ①--Is this pencil case yours, Suzy? ---No, it must be________. A.someone else B .someone’s else C .someone elses’ D .someone else’s ②Who________（其他的）will you see in the afternoon? 【答案】1. D 2.else 【解析】1.看选项，定考点。本题考查不定代词的名词所有格,题意为“这个铅笔盒是你的吗？不，它一定是其他某个人的。”故正确答案是D。 2.本题考察单词拼写。 知识梳理 Pronunciation 连读 【精讲】We often link sounds together when we speak English. There are four different ways of linking sounds together.我们说英语时经常把音连读。有四种不同的连读方式。 (1) We usually link a consonant sound with a vowel sound. 我们通常把辅音和元音连读。 an apple stand up in an hour (2) When the first word ends in -r or -re and the next word begins with a vowel sound, we can join them together with a /r/ sound between them. 当第一个单词以-r或-re结尾，下一个单词以元音开头时，我们可以用/r/音将它们连在一起。 for us there are here is (3) When two consonant sounds of two words meet, we sometimes do not need to pronounce the first consonant sound. 当两个单词的两个辅音相遇时，我们有时不需要发第一个辅音。 best time sit down a big cake (4) When the first word ends with a vowel sound and the next word begins with a4vowel sound, we can join them as if there were a /j/ or /w/ sound between them. 当第一个单词以元音结尾，下一个单词以元音开头时，我们可以把它们连起来，就好像它们之间有/j/或/w/音一样。 we enjoy go out the other 【练一练】标出下列句子中连读部分 1. There is an orange on the plate. 2. There are two apples in the bag. 3. I have two uncles. One is a teacher；the other is an office worker. 4. The old man always takes an umbrella with him when he goes out. 5. My school isn't far away from my home. 【答案】1. There is an orange on the plate. 2. There are two apples in the bag. 3. I have two uncles. One is a teacher；the other is an office worker. 4. The old man always takes an umbrella with him when he goes out. 5. My school isn't far away from my home. Integration 1. We are going to have a “helping hands”meeting at the community center on the afternoon of 5 March.我们将于3月5日下午在社区中心举行“援助之手”会议。 【短语】on the afternoon of 5 March 在具体某一天的上午/下午/晚上用on 【拓展】时间介词in/on/at (1) in+一段时间（早晨/下午/晚上/月份/季节/年份） in the morning在上午 in January在一月 in spring在春季 in 2025在2025年 (2) on+具体的某一天/星期 on Sunday在周日 on 1 September在9月1号 on a cold morning在寒冷的早晨 on Children’s Day在儿童节 on that day在那天 (3) at+具体时刻/用餐时间/持续一段时间的节日 at the Spring Festival在春节 at 6:00在6点钟 at breakfast在早餐时间 【练一练】单项选择 Johnson and Tom stay at the small island ________ rainy days and go fishing when the sun comes out. A．in B．at C．on D．from 【答案】C 【解析】句意：约翰逊和汤姆雨天待在小岛上，太阳出来时去钓鱼。考查时间介词用法。in后接某年某月某季节；at后接具体时刻；on后接具体一天；from从。“rainy days”是表示具体的某些天，应填on，故选C。 2. Please look at the information below.请看看下面的信息。 【精讲】information n. 意为“信息；消息；情报 （不可数名词）” · 【短语】a piece of information 一则消息 · 【例句】For further information on the diet, write to us at this address. 欲知规定饮食的详情，请按这个地址给我们写信。 【拓展】information /news/ message 区别 (1) information作“信息”解，通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或书信往来中特别关注的消息、情报、资料等。它侧重内容，是不可数名词。 · 【例句】They must find out some information about planes to Yunnan as quickly as possible.他们必须尽快找到有关去往云南班机的资料。 (2) news作“新闻”解，一般指通过广播、电视、报纸等新闻媒体向大众发布的社会各方面的最新消息，它侧重一个“新”字，是不可数名词。 · 【例句】There's a piece of interesting news in today's newspaper. 在今天的报纸上有一条有趣的消息。 (3) message作“音信”解，一般指口头传递的或书写的“消息”，是可数名词。 · 【例句】Can I take a message ? 我能稍个口信吗？ 【练一练】单项选择 —How do you know I have something to tell you? —I got a(an) ________ that you were trying to reach me. A．information B．answer C．message D．news 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你怎么知道我有事告诉你？——我收到一条消息，你想联系我。考查名词辨析。information信息；answer回答；message口信；news新闻。根据“that you were trying to reach me.”可知对方尝试联系留了口信。故选C。 3. Do you have a fever or a sore throat?你发烧或喉咙痛吗？ 【短语】have a fever = have a temperature发烧 have a sore throat喉咙痛 【拓展】其他身体不适的英语表达方式 have a bad cold患重感冒 have a high fever发高烧 cough a lot咳嗽严重 4. Are you having trouble sleeping?你入睡困难吗？ Do you have a problem with your washing machine?你的洗衣机有问题吗？ 【短语】have trouble/problems/difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难 have trouble/problems/difficulty with sth在...上有困难/问题 【例句】 I have trouble (in) understanding this math problem.我理解这道数学题有困难。 She has problems with her computer.她的电脑有问题。 【练一练】单项选择 She has difficulty ______ English words. She often forgets them quickly. A. remember B. to remember C. remembering D. remembered 【答案】C 【解析】句意：她记忆单词有困难，她经常很快就把它们忘记了。根据 have difficulty (in) doing sth 结构，应选 remembering。 5. Are you worrying about how to design your home?你在担心如何设计你的家吗？ (1) 【精讲】worry vt. 使烦恼，使担忧；vi.发愁，担心，烦恼 【拓展】worried adj. 担心的，发愁的，烦恼的 【短语】sth worries sb. 某事物使某人烦恼 worry about = be worried about 担心... · 【例句】 · She always worries about little things. 她总是为小事而担忧。 · My house worries me. 我的房子让我担心。 · Mrs. Brown is always worried about her son. 布朗夫人总是担心她的儿子。 【练一练】单项选择 The little bird flew away and Daisy ______ it very much. A．worry about B．was worrying C．was worried about D．worried 【答案】C 【解析】句意：小鸟飞走了，黛西非常担心。考查一般过去时。根据“The little bird flew away”可判断，此处表达黛西“担心”它，be worried about“担心”，根据“flew away”可知本句为一般过去时。故选C。 (2) 【精讲】疑问词+to do，此结构可以作动词或介词的宾语 【例句】 · I don’t know how to use the computer. 我不知道如何使用电脑。 · I am interested in where to go next. 我对接下来要去哪里感兴趣。 【练一练】单项选择 —Could you tell me __________ to get to Tsinghua University? —Certainly. Go along this road and turn left. A．why B．when C．what D．how 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我怎样到达清华大学吗？——当然。沿着这条街走并且左转。考查特殊疑问词辨析。why为什么；when什么时候；what什么；how怎样。根据“Go along this road and turn left.”可知此处是询问怎样走，故选D。 6. First, we can give away some of our old books.首先，我们可以送出我们的一些旧书。 【短语】give away分发，赠送 【拓展】与give有关的短语 give up放弃 give out发出 give in屈服 give sb/sth a new life赋予某人/某物新生命 give sth to sb = give sb sth给予某人某物 【练一练】单项选择 He didn't want to ______ his dream, so he worked hard day and night. A. give away B. give up C. give out D. give back 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他不想放弃他的梦想，所以他日夜努力工作。根据 “他日夜努力工作” 可知他不想放弃梦想。give up “放弃” 符合句意。 7. We’ll sell them to raise money for plants and flowers in our community garden.我们将把它们卖掉，为我们社区花园里的植物和鲜花筹集资金。 【短语】raise money筹款，集资 【辨析】raise&rise 词条 词义 短语 raise（及物动词） 饲养；抚育；提高 ;增加; 举起；募集 raise cows 养牛 raise money for 为...募集资金 rise（不及物动词） 增加；上升；站起 rise into 升入 rise up to 上升到 【练一练】单项选择 The price of the building materials __________ a lot, so the developers plan to __________ the price of their buildings. A．rose; raise B．raised, raise C．raised; rise D．rose; rise 【答案】A 【解析】句意：建筑材料的价格上涨了很多，所以开发商计划提高建筑价格。 考查动词辨析。raise是及物动词，后面必须有宾语，就是“某人把某物举起来”；rise是不及物动词，后面不能加宾语，也就是说“某人、某物自己升起来”。第一个空的主语是物，后面又没有宾语，用rise；第二个空后的the price of their buildings是宾语，因此用raise。故选A。 Further study 8. Do some research about Chinatowns around the world.对世界各地的唐人街做一些调查。 【精讲】research的用法 (1) 作名词，意为“调查，研究”，是不可数名词，短语：do some research about...做一些关于...的调查She will 【例句】do some research about different kinds of plants in the rainforest.她将对热带雨林中不同种类的植物做一些研究。 (2) 作动词，意为“研究，调查”，是及物动词，直接接研究的对象或内容。 【例句】They are researching new energy sources.他们正在研究新能源。 【练一练】单项选择 I need to ______ some research ______ the best universities for studying law. A. do; about B. make; of C. take; on D. give; into 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我需要做一些关于学习法律的最好的大学的研究。do some research about 是固定搭配，意为 “做一些关于……的研究”。   例题精讲 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．— Can’t you see that? “No photos”! — Sorry, I didn’t notice it. I ______ (do) that any more! 2．Every family will ________ (have) a small plane. 3．Every family _______ (have) a robot to do many jobs in the future. 4．—Dad, my computer doesn’t work now. —Don’t worry. I ________ (call) your uncle soon and he knows how to fix a computer. 5. I hope there ________ (not be) any air problem in the future. 6．I hope you ________ (take) some photos of Tian’anmen Square when you visit Beijing in the coming summer holiday. 7．I hope his dream ________ (come) true. 8．He hopes his son ________ (play) in the world Cup when he grows up. 9．There ________（be）some basketball matches this weekend. Would you like to go with us? 10．—Are you going ________(see) your brother? —Yes, I am. 【答案】1.won’t do 2.have 3.have 4.will call 5.won’t be 6.will take；are going to take 7.will come 8.will play 9.will be 10.to see 二、单项选择。 1．There ________ two football matches on TV tonight, aren’t there? A．are going to have B．are going to be C．is going to be D．will be 2．I hope you ________to me again. A．to write B．will write C．wrote D．writing 3．There __________ any homework tonight. Shall we go to see a film? A．isn’t going to be B．isn’t going to have C．aren’t going to have D．aren’t going to be 4．—What ________ Amy going to buy for the trip? —She will buy some fish. What ________ we buy then? A．is; shall B．are; shall C．will; will D．does; will 5．His parents are going to ________ a computer ________ him. A．buy; to B．buy; for C．buy; / D．buying; for 6．—Will there ________ a football match on CCTV5 this evening? —Yes, there ________ usually football matches on Sunday evenings.(两个there be时态) A．have, have B．be, will be C．are, are D．be, are 7．—It’s so cloudy. I think it _______ rain. —You’d better ________ an umbrella if you want to go outside. A．is going to; bring B．will; take C．is going to; take D．will; bring 8．Annie with her friends _________ watch a film in the cinema the day after tomorrow. A．is going to B．are going to C．goes to D．go to 9．—Will there be a concert in People’s Theatre next week? — ________. Let’s go together. A．Yes, there is B．No, there isn’t C．Yes, there will D．No, there won’t 10．Not only I but also Ted ________ a film tomorrow afternoon. A．watches B．watch C．are going to watch D．is going to watch 【答案】BBAAB DCACD 三、改写句子 1．They are going to meet at the library gate tomorrow morning. （对划线部分提问） _________ ________ they going to meet tomorrow morning？ 2．They are going to have a sports meeting in the playground. (对划线部分提问) ________ _________ they going to have a sports meeting? 3．Wendy will watch a movie this Saturday.  (划线部分提问) ________ ________ Wendy watch a movie? 4．Sue is going to do the housework this Sunday. (改为否定句) Sue ________ ________ going to do the housework this Sunday. 5．What is your room like?  (用一般将来时改写) What ________ your room ________ ________? 【答案】1. Where are 2. Where are 3. When will 4. is not 5. will; be like 课堂练习 一、单项选择 1. We are going to have a “helping hands” meeting ________ the community centre. A. at B. on C. in D. of 2. If your fridge has a problem, you can ask the ________ for help. A. Health Centre B. Fix-it Club C. Art & Design Group D. City Garden Community Centre 3. The artists in the Art & Design Group can give you some ideas about ________. A. health B. machines C. clothes D. home design 4. Mr Li's ________ won't start. A. phone B. computer C. car D. bike 5. Mrs Chen can't ________. A. sleep B. cook C. wash D. read 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C 二、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 1. There are some good d________ and nurses in the Health Centre. 2. The engineers in the Fix-it Club can help you d________ with the problems. 3. We have some a________ to help you with the design. 4. I'm going to s________ my old toys to the children in need. 5. We'll r________ money for the plants and flowers. 【答案】1. doctors 2. deal 3. artists 4. send 5. raise 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. There are some ________ (engineer) in the Fix-it Club. 2. The artists know a lot about ________ (style) and colours. 3. We are going to ________ (share) our old clothes. 4. They will be able to ________ (give) you some ideas. 5. I hope you ________ (like) my idea. 【答案】1. engineers 2. styles 3. share 4. give 5. like 课堂小结 课后作业 一、选词填空 below; raise; notice; wonder; information 1. Along the street you can see many traffic ______. 2.You can find some ______ about the great place online. 3. Because of the bad weather, we could hardly see anything ______ . 4.They ______ funds(基金) next month for the charity event. 5. Betty _______ if they' ll have the sweet rice dumplings together next year. 【答案】1.notices 2.information 3.below 4.will raise 5.wonders 二、阅读短文，回答问题 Hi Jenny, I like my new school very much. There are so many clubs and activities to choose from. One of my favourite clubs is the Community Volunteers. This club gives us a great chance to do good things for others. This term, we are helping out at a charity for disabled(残疾的) children. I'm helping to organize a game so that the kids can have fun. Reading stories to them is also really nice. I see their faces light up when they hear the stories. I also help with the music group. Mrs Brown is a teacher of our club. She says I'm very good with the children. I think it's because I have two little sisters at home. I know how to play with kids and make them happy. Next term, we will visit some old people. Some of these old people are blind(失明的), so they need our help to read letters and books. We can make their days a little better. Most clubs and activities are about having a good time. But in the Community Volunteers, we help other people and have fun at the same time. Everyone in the club is very friendly. It's a wonderful way to make new friends at school. I hope to see you soon. May 1. Who writes the letter? ________________________________ 2. What is one of May's favourite clubs? ________________________________ 3. Who do they help this term? ________________________________ 4. Why is May really good with the children? ________________________________ 5. What are they going to do next term? ________________________________ 【答案】1. May 2.The Community Volunteers 3.Disabled children. 4.Because she has two little sisters at home. 5.They are going to visit some old people. 三、写作任务 假如你是社区服务中心的志愿者，请根据以下提示写一则通知，向居住在本小区的外国友人介绍本周六社区服务中心的活动。 Notice Helpers Work for YOU! Time:2:00 p. m.—4:30 p. m., Saturday Place: the community centre Helpers: Mr Lin: a policeman, giving safety tips (安全提示) to you Mr Ma: an engineer, good at fixing appliances Ms Liu: an animal doctor, teaching you how to look after pets 要求： 1.包含上述所有提示，内容充实； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 3.70词左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Notice Dear all, There will be a Helping Hands activity / this Saturday. We have professional helpers for you. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Everyone is welcome. Please come and make our helpers busy! The Community Centre 【答案】One possible version: Notice Dear all, There will be a Helping Hands activity this Saturday. We have professional helpers for you. It will be from 2:00 p. m. to 4:30 p. m. at the community centre. The policeman Mr Lin will give you some safety tips. He is kind and fun. If your electrical appliances don't work well, come and ask Mr Ma for help. He is an engineer and is good at fixing electrical appliances. Please come to see Ms Liu if you have any problems in looking after your pets. She is an animal doctor, and she is willing to help you too. Everyone is welcome. Please come and make our helpers busy! The Community Centre 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 7B Unit 2 Neighbourhood Grammar~ Further study知识点讲义 重点短语 随身携带一把雨伞 某人随身携带某物 确定做某事 在将来 捡垃圾 匆忙 匆忙做某事 迟到 做某事迟到 为...迟到 决定做某事 其他的什么 一个交换生 在三月五号下午 看下面的信息 发烧 喉咙痛，嗓子疼 做某事有麻烦 做某事有问题 洗衣机 有问题 处理 想要知道... 担忧 担忧 设计你的房子 多颜色和款式 能做某事 给你一些想法 在图书俱乐部会议 志愿做某事 处于需要的某人 募捐给植物花草 分享关于做某事的想法 组织一个活动 收集旧衣服 给他们新生命 分发，捐赠 放弃 寻找一些旧衣服 一起合作 中式建筑 做一些调查 语法精讲 Grammar 1. 一般将来时 (1) 基本概念 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。 (2) 时间状语： in+段时间表示在一段时间之后 in a few hours 几小时后 in+将来年份 in 2034 在2034年 next引导的短语 next week 下周 next year明年 this引导的短语 this week 本周 this year 今年 tomorrow及其相关短语 the day after tomorrow 后天 固定搭配 from now on/ in future从今以后 in the future 在将来 the coming new year 即将到来的新年 (3) 一般将来时的基本结构 1) 主语+will +动词原形构成一般将来时 ①肯定句：主语+will+动词原形+其他 I will go to the Children’s Centre after lunch. 午饭后我要去儿童中心。 ②否定句：主语+ will + not + 动词原形+其他 I won’t go to the Children’s Centre after lunch. 午饭后我不去儿童中心。 ③Will+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ will. 否定回答：No，主语+won’t Will you go to the Children’s Centre after lunch? 午饭后你要去儿童中心吗？ Yes,I will./ No, I won’t. 是的，我打算去。/不， 我不打算去。 【注】当主语为I 或we时，will可以用shall进行替换。 缩写：I will= I ’ll she will = she’ll they will = they’ll we will = we’ll will not = won’t I shall= I’ll shall not = shan’t ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 Where will you go after lunch? I will go to the Children’s Centre. 午饭后你要去哪里？我要去儿童中心。 【练一练】单项选择 You can see us on the playground tomorrow. We ________ football there. A．play B．played C．are playing D．will play 【练一练】句型转换 Schools will be different in the future.（改为一般疑问句） _______ schools _______ different in the future? 2) 主语+be going to +动词原形构成一般将来时 ①肯定句:主语+be going to +动词原形+其他 I am going to volunteer at the Children’s Centre. 我要去儿童中心做志愿者。 He /She is going to volunteer at the Children’s Centre.他要去儿童中心做志愿者。 They/We are going to volunteer at the Children’s Centre.他们/我们要去儿童中心做志愿者。 ②否定句：主语+be + not + going to+动词原形+其他 I am not going to … He /She is not going to ….They/We are not going to … ③Be动词(Am，Is，Are)+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? Are you/we/they going to … Yes, we are. /No, we aren’t. Is she /he going to….. Yes, he/she is. /No, he/she isn’t. ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 What are you going to do? I am going to volunteer at the Children’s Centre.你打算做什么？我要去儿童中心做志愿者。 【练一练】单项选择 —When ________ Henry ________ Hainan Island? —Next Sunday. A．did；visit B．do；visit C．is；going to visit D．does；visit 【拓展】will和be going to 的区别 ①be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。 He is going to write a letter tonight. 他打算今晚写一封信。 He will write a book one day. 总有一天，他会写本书。 ②be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。 He is seriously ill. He is going to die. 他病的很重，他快死了。 He will be twenty years old. 他快20岁了。 ③be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思。 She is going to go move to Shanghai. 他打算搬到上海。 ④在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will。 If it is fine tomorrow, I'll go to the park. 【易错点】只用be going to 的情况 ①根据某些迹象推测很有可能会发生的事。 Look! It’s going to rain! 看！快下雨了！ The car is going to turn over. 那辆车要翻了。 ②谈及打算或事先决定了的事情。 What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大后打算做什么？ 【练一练】单项选择 Look at the black clouds in the sky. I think it ________. A．rains B．rained C．is raining D．is going to rain 【难点】there be的一般将来时 【结构】There will be… / There is/are going to be… 将会有... There is going to be a basketball match this afternoon. 今天下午将举行一场篮球比赛。 There will be a party in his house. 将在他家举行聚会。 【练一练】单项选择 There __________ a children’s football match in our school next Sunday. A．will have B．is going to have C．are going to have D．will be (4) 表达将来时概念的特殊结构 1) 现在进行时表将来 表示位置转移的动词（如：go, come, leave, start, come, go, arrive, reach等），可用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。如： Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要来了。 They’re leaving for Beijing. 他们即将前往北京。 【练一练】单项选择 — How can I get to Wuhu Railway Station quickly? — Take the light rail, and you ________ in twenty minutes. A．are arriving B．shall arrive C．arrived D．arrive 2) 一般现在时表将来 ①某些词，如come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay, live, fly等的一般现在时也可表示根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作。 如：The train leaves at 12:00. 火车12点开出。 ②当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时，时间和条件的状语从句必须用一般现在时表将来。（主将从现）如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨，我会去野餐。 【练一练】单项选择 If it ________ tomorrow, we will go on a picnic by the lake. A．isn’t raining B．won’t rain C．rained D．doesn’t rain 2. But why are you in a hurry?但你为什么这么着急？ · 【精讲】hurry的用法 · (1) 作名词，意为“匆忙，急忙”，指做某事的紧急性，既可用作可数名词，也可用作不可数名词。 · 【短语】in a hurry · 【例句】I'm in a hurry to catch the train.我急着赶火车。 · (2) 作动词，意为“匆忙，急忙（做某事）”，强调快速行动，通常是因为时间有限或事情紧急。 · 【短语】hurry to do sth 急忙做某事 hurry up快点，赶快 · ★do sth in a hurry = hurry to do sth = do sth hurriedly · 【例句】 · I hurried to the office this morning.我今天早上匆忙赶到办公室。 Hurry up, or we will miss the bus.快点，不然我们就赶不上公共汽车了。 · 【练一练】单项选择 · There is no need to be in such a ______. We have enough time. A. hurry B. hurried C. hurries D. hurrying 3. Are you going to take anything else?你还要带别的东西吗？ 【精讲】else用法 (1) else可以用在所有由any-，every-, some-,no- 开头及由-body, -one,-thing,- where结尾的不定代词的后面（而不是按照汉语习惯放在这些词的前面）。 【例句】 Anything else I can do for you ? 我还能为你做别的是事吗？ Ask someone else to help you. 让别人帮助你。 Nothing else, thank you. 没有别的事了，谢谢你。 (2) else用作形容词时常常用来作后置定语，即：放在疑问代词who, what ,which, when ,where, how等后面。 【例句】 Who else can you see?你还能看见别的什么人？ What else do you want? 你还想要别的什么？ Where else do you want to go?你想去别的什么地方吗？ When else can I meet you? 我其他什么时间可以与你见面？ (3) else 还常用于固定结构or else,意为“否则，要不然”。 【例句】Run, or else we’ll be late. 快跑，不然我们就要迟到了。 【辨析】other 与 else 两个词都是“其他的”的含义，但用法不同，other 用于修饰名词，放在名词前，词else有两点用法; (1) 修饰不定代词， 放在不定代词后 (2) 修饰特殊疑问词，放在特殊疑问词后。另外，other 和else有些时候可以互相转化，如：Where else = What other places。 【例句】 What other places places do you want to visit?你还想去其他的地方吗？ What else does he need now? 他现在还需要别的什么吗？ 【练一练】 ①--Is this pencil case yours, Suzy? ---No, it must be________. A.someone else B .someone’s else C .someone elses’ D .someone else’s ②Who________（其他的）will you see in the afternoon? 知识梳理 Pronunciation 连读 【精讲】We often link sounds together when we speak English. There are four different ways of linking sounds together.我们说英语时经常把音连读。有四种不同的连读方式。 (1) We usually link a consonant sound with a vowel sound. 我们通常把辅音和元音连读。 an apple stand up in an hour (2) When the first word ends in -r or -re and the next word begins with a vowel sound, we can join them together with a /r/ sound between them. 当第一个单词以-r或-re结尾，下一个单词以元音开头时，我们可以用/r/音将它们连在一起。 for us there are here is (3) When two consonant sounds of two words meet, we sometimes do not need to pronounce the first consonant sound. 当两个单词的两个辅音相遇时，我们有时不需要发第一个辅音。 best time sit down a big cake (4) When the first word ends with a vowel sound and the next word begins with a4vowel sound, we can join them as if there were a /j/ or /w/ sound between them. 当第一个单词以元音结尾，下一个单词以元音开头时，我们可以把它们连起来，就好像它们之间有/j/或/w/音一样。 we enjoy go out the other 【练一练】标出下列句子中连读部分 1. There is an orange on the plate. 2. There are two apples in the bag. 3. I have two uncles. One is a teacher；the other is an office worker. 4. The old man always takes an umbrella with him when he goes out. 5. My school isn't far away from my home. Integration 1. We are going to have a “helping hands”meeting at the community center on the afternoon of 5 March.我们将于3月5日下午在社区中心举行“援助之手”会议。 【短语】on the afternoon of 5 March 在具体某一天的上午/下午/晚上用on 【拓展】时间介词in/on/at (1) in+一段时间（早晨/下午/晚上/月份/季节/年份） in the morning在上午 in January在一月 in spring在春季 in 2025在2025年 (2) on+具体的某一天/星期 on Sunday在周日 on 1 September在9月1号 on a cold morning在寒冷的早晨 on Children’s Day在儿童节 on that day在那天 (3) at+具体时刻/用餐时间/持续一段时间的节日 at the Spring Festival在春节 at 6:00在6点钟 at breakfast在早餐时间 【练一练】单项选择 Johnson and Tom stay at the small island ________ rainy days and go fishing when the sun comes out. A．in B．at C．on D．from 2. Please look at the information below.请看看下面的信息。 【精讲】information n. 意为“信息；消息；情报 （不可数名词）” · 【短语】a piece of information 一则消息 · 【例句】For further information on the diet, write to us at this address. 欲知规定饮食的详情，请按这个地址给我们写信。 【拓展】information /news/ message 区别 (1) information作“信息”解，通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或书信往来中特别关注的消息、情报、资料等。它侧重内容，是不可数名词。 · 【例句】They must find out some information about planes to Yunnan as quickly as possible.他们必须尽快找到有关去往云南班机的资料。 (2) news作“新闻”解，一般指通过广播、电视、报纸等新闻媒体向大众发布的社会各方面的最新消息，它侧重一个“新”字，是不可数名词。 · 【例句】There's a piece of interesting news in today's newspaper. 在今天的报纸上有一条有趣的消息。 (3) message作“音信”解，一般指口头传递的或书写的“消息”，是可数名词。 · 【例句】Can I take a message ? 我能稍个口信吗？ 【练一练】单项选择 —How do you know I have something to tell you? —I got a(an) ________ that you were trying to reach me. A．information B．answer C．message D．news 3. Do you have a fever or a sore throat?你发烧或喉咙痛吗？ 【短语】have a fever = have a temperature发烧 have a sore throat喉咙痛 【拓展】其他身体不适的英语表达方式 have a bad cold患重感冒 have a high fever发高烧 cough a lot咳嗽严重 4. Are you having trouble sleeping?你入睡困难吗？ Do you have a problem with your washing machine?你的洗衣机有问题吗？ 【短语】have trouble/problems/difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难 have trouble/problems/difficulty with sth在...上有困难/问题 【例句】 I have trouble (in) understanding this math problem.我理解这道数学题有困难。 She has problems with her computer.她的电脑有问题。 【练一练】单项选择 She has difficulty ______ English words. She often forgets them quickly. A. remember B. to remember C. remembering D. remembered 5. Are you worrying about how to design your home?你在担心如何设计你的家吗？ (1) 【精讲】worry vt. 使烦恼，使担忧；vi.发愁，担心，烦恼 【拓展】worried adj. 担心的，发愁的，烦恼的 【短语】sth worries sb. 某事物使某人烦恼 worry about = be worried about 担心... · 【例句】 · She always worries about little things. 她总是为小事而担忧。 · My house worries me. 我的房子让我担心。 · Mrs. Brown is always worried about her son. 布朗夫人总是担心她的儿子。 【练一练】单项选择 The little bird flew away and Daisy ______ it very much. A．worry about B．was worrying C．was worried about D．worried (2) 【精讲】疑问词+to do，此结构可以作动词或介词的宾语 【例句】 · I don’t know how to use the computer. 我不知道如何使用电脑。 · I am interested in where to go next. 我对接下来要去哪里感兴趣。 【练一练】单项选择 —Could you tell me __________ to get to Tsinghua University? —Certainly. Go along this road and turn left. A．why B．when C．what D．how 6. First, we can give away some of our old books.首先，我们可以送出我们的一些旧书。 【短语】give away分发，赠送 【拓展】与give有关的短语 give up放弃 give out发出 give in屈服 give sb/sth a new life赋予某人/某物新生命 give sth to sb = give sb sth给予某人某物 【练一练】单项选择 He didn't want to ______ his dream, so he worked hard day and night. A. give away B. give up C. give out D. give back 7. We’ll sell them to raise money for plants and flowers in our community garden.我们将把它们卖掉，为我们社区花园里的植物和鲜花筹集资金。 【短语】raise money筹款，集资 【辨析】raise&rise 词条 词义 短语 raise（及物动词） 饲养；抚育；提高 ;增加; 举起；募集 raise cows 养牛 raise money for 为...募集资金 rise（不及物动词） 增加；上升；站起 rise into 升入 rise up to 上升到 【练一练】单项选择 The price of the building materials __________ a lot, so the developers plan to __________ the price of their buildings. A．rose; raise B．raised, raise C．raised; rise D．rose; rise Further study 8. Do some research about Chinatowns around the world.对世界各地的唐人街做一些调查。 【精讲】research的用法 (1) 作名词，意为“调查，研究”，是不可数名词，短语：do some research about...做一些关于...的调查She will 【例句】do some research about different kinds of plants in the rainforest.她将对热带雨林中不同种类的植物做一些研究。 (2) 作动词，意为“研究，调查”，是及物动词，直接接研究的对象或内容。 【例句】They are researching new energy sources.他们正在研究新能源。 【练一练】单项选择 I need to ______ some research ______ the best universities for studying law. A. do; about B. make; of C. take; on D. give; into   例题精讲 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．— Can’t you see that? “No photos”! — Sorry, I didn’t notice it. I ______ (do) that any more! 2．Every family will ________ (have) a small plane. 3．Every family _______ (have) a robot to do many jobs in the future. 4．—Dad, my computer doesn’t work now. —Don’t worry. I ________ (call) your uncle soon and he knows how to fix a computer. 5. I hope there ________ (not be) any air problem in the future. 6．I hope you ________ (take) some photos of Tian’anmen Square when you visit Beijing in the coming summer holiday. 7．I hope his dream ________ (come) true. 8．He hopes his son ________ (play) in the world Cup when he grows up. 9．There ________（be）some basketball matches this weekend. Would you like to go with us? 10．—Are you going ________(see) your brother? —Yes, I am. 二、单项选择。 1．There ________ two football matches on TV tonight, aren’t there? A．are going to have B．are going to be C．is going to be D．will be 2．I hope you ________to me again. A．to write B．will write C．wrote D．writing 3．There __________ any homework tonight. Shall we go to see a film? A．isn’t going to be B．isn’t going to have C．aren’t going to have D．aren’t going to be 4．—What ________ Amy going to buy for the trip? —She will buy some fish. What ________ we buy then? A．is; shall B．are; shall C．will; will D．does; will 5．His parents are going to ________ a computer ________ him. A．buy; to B．buy; for C．buy; / D．buying; for 6．—Will there ________ a football match on CCTV5 this evening? —Yes, there ________ usually football matches on Sunday evenings.(两个there be时态) A．have, have B．be, will be C．are, are D．be, are 7．—It’s so cloudy. I think it _______ rain. —You’d better ________ an umbrella if you want to go outside. A．is going to; bring B．will; take C．is going to; take D．will; bring 8．Annie with her friends _________ watch a film in the cinema the day after tomorrow. A．is going to B．are going to C．goes to D．go to 9．—Will there be a concert in People’s Theatre next week? — ________. Let’s go together. A．Yes, there is B．No, there isn’t C．Yes, there will D．No, there won’t 10．Not only I but also Ted ________ a film tomorrow afternoon. A．watches B．watch C．are going to watch D．is going to watch 三、改写句子 1．They are going to meet at the library gate tomorrow morning. （对划线部分提问） _________ ________ they going to meet tomorrow morning？ 2．They are going to have a sports meeting in the playground. (对划线部分提问) ________ _________ they going to have a sports meeting? 3．Wendy will watch a movie this Saturday.  (划线部分提问) ________ ________ Wendy watch a movie? 4．Sue is going to do the housework this Sunday. (改为否定句) Sue ________ ________ going to do the housework this Sunday. 5．What is your room like?  (用一般将来时改写) What ________ your room ________ ________? 课堂练习 一、单项选择 1. We are going to have a “helping hands” meeting ________ the community centre. A. at B. on C. in D. of 2. If your fridge has a problem, you can ask the ________ for help. A. Health Centre B. Fix-it Club C. Art & Design Group D. City Garden Community Centre 3. The artists in the Art & Design Group can give you some ideas about ________. A. health B. machines C. clothes D. home design 4. Mr Li's ________ won't start. A. phone B. computer C. car D. bike 5. Mrs Chen can't ________. A. sleep B. cook C. wash D. read 二、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 1. There are some good d________ and nurses in the Health Centre. 2. The engineers in the Fix-it Club can help you d________ with the problems. 3. We have some a________ to help you with the design. 4. I'm going to s________ my old toys to the children in need. 5. We'll r________ money for the plants and flowers. 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. There are some ________ (engineer) in the Fix-it Club. 2. The artists know a lot about ________ (style) and colours. 3. We are going to ________ (share) our old clothes. 4. They will be able to ________ (give) you some ideas. 5. I hope you ________ (like) my idea. 课堂小结 课后作业 一、选词填空 below; raise; notice; wonder; information 1. Along the street you can see many traffic ______. 2.You can find some ______ about the great place online. 3. Because of the bad weather, we could hardly see anything ______ . 4.They ______ funds(基金) next month for the charity event. 5. Betty _______ if they' ll have the sweet rice dumplings together next year. 二、阅读短文，回答问题 Hi Jenny, I like my new school very much. There are so many clubs and activities to choose from. One of my favourite clubs is the Community Volunteers. This club gives us a great chance to do good things for others. This term, we are helping out at a charity for disabled(残疾的) children. I'm helping to organize a game so that the kids can have fun. Reading stories to them is also really nice. I see their faces light up when they hear the stories. I also help with the music group. Mrs Brown is a teacher of our club. She says I'm very good with the children. I think it's because I have two little sisters at home. I know how to play with kids and make them happy. Next term, we will visit some old people. Some of these old people are blind(失明的), so they need our help to read letters and books. We can make their days a little better. Most clubs and activities are about having a good time. But in the Community Volunteers, we help other people and have fun at the same time. Everyone in the club is very friendly. It's a wonderful way to make new friends at school. I hope to see you soon. May 1. Who writes the letter? ________________________________ 2. What is one of May's favourite clubs? ________________________________ 3. Who do they help this term? ________________________________ 4. Why is May really good with the children? ________________________________ 5. What are they going to do next term? ________________________________ 三、写作任务 假如你是社区服务中心的志愿者，请根据以下提示写一则通知，向居住在本小区的外国友人介绍本周六社区服务中心的活动。 Notice Helpers Work for YOU! Time:2:00 p. m.—4:30 p. m., Saturday Place: the community centre Helpers: Mr Lin: a policeman, giving safety tips (安全提示) to you Mr Ma: an engineer, good at fixing appliances Ms Liu: an animal doctor, teaching you how to look after pets 要求： 1.包含上述所有提示，内容充实； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 3.70词左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Notice Dear all, There will be a Helping Hands activity / this Saturday. We have professional helpers for you. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Everyone is welcome. Please come and make our helpers busy! The Community Centre 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$