内容正文:
Unit2 Rules around us
重点语法Grammar:祈使句和情态动词 must 精讲练(分层练习)
目录
语法知识精讲 1
1.祈使句 1
2.must的用法考点 2
语法知识精练 2
题型一:祈使句 3
题型二:情态动词must 9
题型三:综合类(较难) 15
语法知识精讲
1.祈使句
1.1.祈使句的基本用法
祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语,谓语动词用原形。
1.1.1. 肯定的祈使句
①句型:动词原形+其他成分。Be careful! 小心!
②"Do+祈使句"表示一种强烈的感情或请求,do起强调作用。
③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气,但please用在句末时,必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。
Close the door, please. 请关门。
1.1.2. 否定的祈使句
①常用句型:Don’t+动词原形+其他成分。Don’t be late for school again! 别再迟到了!
②用Never开头:Never+动词原形+其他成分。
1.1.3. Let引导的祈使句
以Let开头的句子也是祈使句,表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种:Let...not或Don’t...
1.2祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换
1.2.1. "Let’s + 动词原形 + 其他"可转换为"Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他? "。
1.2.2. "祈使句 + and/or + 简单句"可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。
1.3祈使句的应答语
1.3.1. 以Let’s开头的祈使句,其答语常用Good idea. /OK. /Yes, I’d love to. 等。
1.3.2. 其他肯定祈使句的应答语为Yes, I will. ;否定祈使句的应答语为Sorry/No, I won’t(do it again)。
2.must的用法考点
2.1.must 表示义务,意为“必须”,强调说话人的主观意志。
例 You must work hard.你必须努力工作。
辨析:must和have to的区别
情态动词
用法
must
“必须”,表示说话人的主观意志;只有must这一种形式。
have to
“必须,不得不”,强调客观需要;有人称、数和时态的变化。
例
You have to wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.爬山的时候你必须穿运动鞋。
2.2.must表示推测时,指有根据、有把握的推测,只能用于肯定句。可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测。
例You must be a middle school student.你一定是一名中学生。
2.3.must的否定形式mustn't意为“禁止,不许”,不能用来表示推测。表示否定推测时用can't,意为“不可能”。
You mustn't park your car on this street.不许把车停在这条街道上。
2.4.由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用“Yes,...must”,否定回答用"No,...needn't/don't have to”。
例-Must I learn these words by heart?我必须熟记这些单词吗?
-No,you needn't.不用。
语法知识精练
题型一:祈使句
1.Daniel, ________ football in the street. It’s too dangerous.
A.Play B.doesn’t play C.don’t play D.plays
【答案】C
【详解】句意:Daniel,别在街上踢足球。太危险了。
考查祈使句。根据句意以及句式结构可知,该句是祈使句。“don’t +动词原形”即“不要做……”。故选C。
2.—________ quiet, please! You are in the library.
—I’m sorry, madam.
A.Keeps B.Keeping C.Keep D.To keep
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——请安静!你在图书馆。——对不起,女士。
考查祈使句。Keeps保持,第三人称单数形式;Keeping现在分词或动名词;Keep动词原形;To keep动词不定式。根据“… quiet, please! You are in the library.”可知,该句是祈使句,祈使句用于表示命令、警告,肯定祈使句以动词原形开头,故选C。
3.Don’t ________ in bed all day.
A.lie B.salty C.aloud D.surface
【答案】A
【详解】句意:不要整天躺在床上。
考查祈使句的否定形式。lie躺;salty咸的;aloud大声地;surface表面。本句为祈使句,句中缺少动词。根据句意,“躺在床上”应该使用动词“lie”,表示躺下的动作。故选A。
4.—Look! That old man is crossing the crosswalk.
—Let’s ________ him.
A.helps B.to help C.helping D.help
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——看!那位老人正在过人行横道。——让我们来帮助他。
考查祈使句。let sb do sth“让某人做某事”,此空应填动词原形,故选D。
5.________ a deep breath, and you will find the courage to face the difficulty.
A.Take B.Taking C.To take D.To be taken
【答案】A
【详解】句意:深呼吸一口气,你就会找到面对困难的勇气。
考查祈使句。Take动词原形;Taking动名词/现在分词形式;To take动词不定式;To be Taken动词不定式的被动语态。根据“…a deep breath, and you will find the courage to face the difficulty.”及分析句式可知该句为祈使句,以动词原形开头,故选A。
6.________ me a postcard when you get to Australia. Don’t forget it!
A.To send B.Sends
C.Sending D.Send
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你到澳大利亚后给我寄张明信片。别忘了!
考查祈使句。句子是祈使句,应用动词原形开头,故选D。
7.Come and ________ us!
A.join B.joins C.joining D.to join
【答案】A
【详解】句意:来加入我们吧!
考查祈使句。根据“Come and…us!”可知,此处是祈使句的肯定形式,直接以动词原形开头,and连接的成分保持一致,故空处也用动词原形。故选A。
8.Let him ________ in the river!
A.don’t swim B.doesn’t swim C.not swim D.to swim
【答案】C
【详解】句意:别让他在河里游泳!
考查祈使句的否定形式。let sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”,其否定形式,在do前加not,即let sb. not do sth.。故选C。
9.“Li Ming, ________ your homework first, and then you can watch TV for 30 minutes,” said his mum.
A.does B.did C.do D.to do
【答案】C
【详解】句意:李明,先做作业,然后你可以看30分钟电视,”他的妈妈说。
考查祈使句。does做,动词三单;did动词过去式;do动词原形;to do动词不定式。根据“...your homework first”可知,这是一个祈使句,需以动词原形开头。故选C。
10.Tom, ________ an umbrella with you. It’s going to rain.
A.taking B.takes C.take D.is taking
【答案】C
【详解】句意:汤姆,带把伞吧。要下雨了。
考查祈使句。根据“Tom, ...an umbrella with you.”可知,此处是一个祈使句,祈使句用动词原形开头。故选C。
11.Please be polite and ________ everyone with respect.
A.treat B.treats C.treating D.to treat
【答案】A
【详解】句意:请礼貌待人,尊重他人。
考查祈使句。该句为祈使句,根据“and”可知,此处应与动词原形be保持一致,也用动词原形,故选A。
12.I don’t want to be late again. Please ______ tomorrow, Mum.
A.wake up me B.wake me up C.wakes up me D.wakes me up
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我不想再迟到了。妈妈,明天请叫醒我。
考查祈使句和代词的用法。wake sb. up“叫醒某人”,代词作宾语时要放在wake与up之间,排除A、C选项;句子为祈使句,please后接动词原形。故选B。
13.Come and ________ our club!
A.join B.joining C.take part in D.taking part in
【答案】A
【详解】句意:来加入我们的俱乐部。
考查词汇辨析。join参加,后接“团队,集体,组织”;take part in参加,后接“活动、比赛”。此句为祈使句,用动词原形。故选A。
14.—_______! Something is falling down from the building.
—Dear me! It’s too dangerous.
A.Look after B.Look out of C.Look out D.Look out at
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——小心!有东西正从楼上掉下来! ——天啊!这太危险了。
考查动词短语辨析。look after照看;look out of向⋯⋯外看;look out留神;look out at向外眺望。根据“Something is falling down from the building.”可知,此处是提醒注意“有东西正从楼上掉下来!”。故选C。
15.Let’s ________ friends..
A.to be B.be C.being D.are
【答案】B
【详解】句意:让我们做朋友吧。
考查祈使句。Let’s...是一个祈使句的常用句型,意为“让我们……”,其后要接动词原形,所以此处应该用动词原形“be”,故选B。
16.—Jim, ________ miss the wonderful film.
—OK, I ________.
A.don’t; will B.doesn’t; will C.don’t; won’t D.doesn’t; won’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——Jim,不要错过这部精彩的电影。——好的,我不会错过的。
考查祈使句。根据“Jim, ... miss the wonderful film”可知,此处应是让Jim不要错过电影,是祈使句的否定形式,结构为don’t+动词原形,表示建议,排除BD;由上句提到的是“wonderful film”和答句“OK, I ...”可知,Jim表示将不会错过,是将来的否定,因此用won’t。故选C。
17.Go to bed early, ________ you’ll have enough energy for the next day.
A.or B.and C.but D.because
【答案】B
【详解】句意:早点睡觉,那么你第二天就有足够的精力了。
考查连词辨析。or否则;and和;but但是;because因为。根据“Go to bed early...you’ll have enough energy for the next day.”可知,本句为“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型,前后两句为顺承关系,and符合句意。故选B。
18.Bill, ________ talk in class. We must listen ________ the teacher.
A.doesn’t; with B.doesn’t; to C.don’t; with D.don’t; to
【答案】D
【详解】句意:比尔,不要在课堂上说话。我们必须听老师讲课。
考查祈使句和介词。第一空结合句意可知,此处是对比尔的建议,属于祈使句,否定祈使句以don’t开头,意为“不要”;第二空,listen to“听……”,固定搭配。故选D。
19.Jim, ________ read in the sun. It’s bad for your eyes.
A.can’t B.isn’t C.doesn’t D.don’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:吉姆,不要在阳光下看书。这对你的眼睛不好。
考查祈使句的否定形式。根据“… read in the sun”可知,此句为祈使句;由“It’s bad for your eyes.”可知,对眼睛不好,因此可以判断句子应是祈使句的否定形式,表示不要在阳光下看书,因此在动词前加don’t。故选D。
20.Hurry up! It’s time ________ English class. Don’t ________ late for it!
A.to; be B.to have; / C.for; be D.for; /
【答案】C
【详解】句意:快点!该上英语课了,别迟到了!
考查it固定句型和祈使句。第一空,根据“It’s time … English class.”可知,此处考查It’s time to do sth./for sth.“该是做某事的时候了”,it固定句型,排除A;第二空,根据“don’t … late for it”可知,这里考查be late for“迟到”,形容词短语;句子为祈使句的否定形式,don’t后接动词原形“be”,排除B和D。故选C。
21.It’s snowing. Please ________ warm clothes.
A.wear B.wears C.wearing D.to wear
【答案】A
【详解】句意:正在下雪,请穿上暖和的衣服。
考查祈使句。分析句子可知,本句是祈使句,以动词原形开头。故选A。
22.Mike, ______ TV all the time. It’s not good for your eyes.
A.not watch B.doesn’t watch C.don’t watch D.isn’t watch
【答案】C
【详解】句意:迈克,不要总是看电视。这对你的眼睛不好。
考查祈使句。分析句子可知,此处是一个祈使句的否定形式,其形式是在句首加don’t,表示“不要做某事”。故选C。
23._______ the room first, and then you can watch TV.
A.Clean B.To clean C.Cleans D.Cleaning
【答案】A
【详解】句意:先打扫房间,然后你才能看电视。
考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知,此处为祈使句的肯定形式,以动词原形开头。故选A。
24.Eric, ________ eat in the classroom. It’s a school rule.
A.don’t B.not C.doesn’t D.no
【答案】A
【详解】句意:艾瑞克,不能在教室里吃东西。这是学校的规定。
考查否定祈使句。根据“Eric, ...eat in the classroom.”可知,此处是对艾瑞克提出的命令,禁止在教室里吃东西,该句为否定祈使句,其构成为don’t+动词原形。故选A。
25.— Please be quiet in the library! Look at the sign. It says, “No _______”.
— I am sorry.
A.talk B.talking C.read D.reading
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——请在图书馆保持安静!看这个标志。上面写着:“禁止说话”。——对不起。
考查非谓语动词。“No+动名词”用于表示禁止某种行为,因此选择动名词形式talking。故选B。
26.— Hurry up, ________we will be late for school.
— The bus door is too ________. Neither of us can go through it.
A.and; narrow B.or; big C.or; narrow D.and; big
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——快点,否则我们上学要迟到了。——这个公交车门太狭窄了。我们两个人都不能通过它。
考查连词和形容词辨析。and和,or否则;narrow窄的;big大的。根据“Hurry up...we will be late for school”可知要快点,否则会迟到,第一空表示“否则”;根据“Neither of us can go through it.”可知,通过不了,说明公交车门太狭窄。故选C 。
27.—Don’t _________ in class, Tom.
—Sorry, Miss Wang.
A.sleep B.sleeps C.sleeping D.to sleep
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——不要在课堂上睡觉,汤姆。——对不起,王老师。
考查祈使句。sleep睡觉,动词原形;sleeps睡觉,动词第三人称单数形式;sleeping睡觉,动名词或现在分词;to sleep睡觉,动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,本题是祈使句否定形式,Don’t后接动词原形。故选A。
28.The teacher says to Jack, “You must go to school early. _______ be late for school again.”
A.Not B.No C.Doesn’t D.Don’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:老师对杰克说:“你必须早点去上学。不要再上学迟到了。”
考查祈使句。根据“... be late for school again.”及选项可知,是指不要再迟到了,句子是祈使句的否定形式,用“Don’t+动词原形”。故选D。
29.—Don’t forget to bring your exercise books here, Lily.
—________. I must remember to bring it here every time.
A.Yes, I won’t B.Yes, I don’t C.No, I can’t D.Sorry, I won’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——不要忘记把你的练习册带来,丽莉!——对不起,我不会的。我一定记得每次都带来。
考查祈使句。根据“I must remember to bring it here every time.”可知,应该是表达我以后将不会忘记了,故用一般将来时。故选D。
30.— David, remember not to leave your homework at home and ________ it to school tomorrow.
—________, I ________, Miss Zhao.
A.take; No; won’t B.take; Yes; will C.bring; No; won’t D.bring; Yes; will
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——大卫,记得别把作业落在家里,明天带到学校来。 ——好的,赵老师,我会的。
考查祈使句的回答和动词辨析。take强调把东西从说话者所在处带到别处;bring强调把东西从别处带到说话者所在处。根据语境可知,老师提醒David不要忘记带作业到学校,因此这里应用bring“带来”,排除A和B;然后,David的回答应该是肯定的,表示他会记住带作业,所以第二个空用“Yes”;第三个空用“will”,表示他会这样做,排除C。故选D。
题型二:情态动词must
31.To ensure the safety of all students, the school has a rule that you __________ leave the classroom during the class without permission.
A.must B.mustn’t C.don’t have to D.can
【答案】B
【详解】句意:为了确保所有学生的安全,学校有一条规定,上课期间未经允许,你不得离开教室。
考查情态动词。must必须;mustn’t禁止,不允许;don’t have to不必;can可以。根据“To ensure the safety of all students”及“without permission”可知,上课期间未经允许,禁止离开教室,mustn’t符合语境。故选B。
32.Pigeons ________ fly at speeds of over 100km per hour. That’s as fast as my dad’s car!
A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.can’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:鸽子能以每小时100多公里的速度飞行。跟我爸的车一样快!
考查情态动词。must必须;mustn’t不能;can可以,能;can’t不可以。根据“That’s as fast as my dad’s car!”可知,鸽子能以每小时100多公里的速度飞行。故选C。
33.Cars, buses and bikes ________ stop when the traffic light is red.
A.can B.must C.may D.need
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当交通灯是红色时,小汽车、公共汽车和自行车必须停下来。
考查情态动词。can可能;must一定,必须;may可以;need需要。 根据空格后“when the traffic light is red.”可知,当交通灯是红色的时候,小汽车, 公共汽车和自行车必须停下来。故选B。
34.—Look at the sign. You ________ smoke here.
—Sorry, I won’t.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.shouldn’t D.may not
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——看这个标志。你不能在这里抽烟。——对不起,我不会了。
考查情态动词的用法。mustn’t不允许;needn’t不需要;shouldn’t不应该;may not不允许。根据“Sorry, I won’t.”可知,“不能在这里抽烟”表示禁止,应该使用“mustn’t”。故选A。
35.We ________ talk loudly in the library.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.have to D.don’t have to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们禁止在图书馆大声说话。
考查情态动词。can’t不可以;mustn’t禁止;have to不得不;don’t have to不必。结合常识可知,图书馆里是禁止大声说话的。故选B。
36.In the library, it is expected that you __________ keep your voice down to avoid disturbing others.
A.must B.mustn’t C.don’t have to D.can
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在图书馆里,你应该把声音放低,以免打扰别人。
考查情态动词。must必须;mustn’t不许,禁止;don’t have to不必;can能够。根据“In the library”可知,在图书馆是必须要把声音放低,以免打扰他人。故选A。
37.Which of the following use is DIFFERENT from the other three?
A.You must try the soup. It is the best I have ever had.
B.Anyone who is interested in Chinese history simply must read this book.
C.You must come and stay with us in London sometime. We will show you around the city.
D.We must all obey the traffic rules when driving here.
【答案】D
【详解】句意:以下哪项用途与其他三项用途不同?
考查must的用法。You must try the soup. It is the best I have ever had.你一定要尝尝汤。这是我吃过的最好的;Anyone who is interested in Chinese history simply must read this book.任何对中国历史感兴趣的人都必须阅读这本书;You must come and stay with us in London sometime. We will show you around the city.你一定要找个时间来伦敦和我们住在一起。我们将带您游览这座城市;We must all obey the traffic rules when driving here.我们在这里开车时都必须遵守交通规则。选项A、B和C中的must都表示建议,选项D中的must则表示责任或义务。故选D。
38.You ______ worry about it. I will always help you.
A.may not B.mustn’t C.can’t D.needn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你不必担心。我会一直帮助你的。
考查情态动词。may not可能不;mustn’t禁止;can’t 不可能;needn’t不必。根据“I will always help you.”可知,我会一直帮助你的,因此你没有必要担心,用情态动词needn’t,故选D。
39.— Must I tidy up my bedroom now?
— No, you ________. The robotic vacuum will clean it up.
A.may not B.needn’t C.haven’t to D.mustn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我现在必须整理我的卧室吗?——不,你不必。扫地机器人会清理干净的。
考查情态动词用法。may not不能; needn’t不必;haven’t to无此搭配;mustn’t禁止。must引导的一般疑问句否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to,故选B。
40.—Excuse me, may I smoke here?
—Sorry! Look at the sign. You ________ smoke in the hospital room.
A.may not B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.don’t have to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,我可以在这里抽烟吗?——对不起!看这个标志。你不能在病房里吸烟。
考查情态动词。may not可能不;mustn’t不能;needn’t不必;don’t have to不必。根据“Sorry...smoke in the hospital room.”可知是不能在这里抽烟。故选B。
41.—Would you like another glass of water?
—No, thanks. I ________ leave now. Tony is waiting for me.
A.can B.may C.must D.could
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你想要再喝一杯水吗? ——不,谢谢。我现在必须要走了。Tony正在等我。
考查情态动词辨析。can能,会;may可以;must必须;could可以。根据“Tony is waiting for me”可知,我必须要走了。故选C。
42.—People _________ wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.
—Yes, or they will be punished.
A.must B.can C.may D.would
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——根据交通规则,人们骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔。——是的。否则他们将受到惩罚。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须;can可以;may也许;would愿意。根据“People...wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.”可知,戴头盔是交通规则,必须遵守,故选A。
43.—______ you swim?
—Yes, I can. And I’m a good swimmer.
A.Can B.May C.Need D.Must
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你会游泳吗?——是的,我能。而且我游泳游得很好。
考查情景交际。Can能够;May可以;Need需要;Must必须。根据“Yes, I can.”可知,此处是一般疑问句,句首用助动词can,故选A。
44.You ________ be late for school.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.have to D.don’t have to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你上学不能迟到。
考查情态动词的用法。can’t不能;mustn’t禁止;have to不得不;don’t have to不必。根据“You…be late for school.”可知,此处指上学禁止迟到,应用mustn’t。故选B。
45.We ________ finish our homework on time.
A.can B.must C.have to D.don’t have to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们必须按时完成作业。
考查情态动词辨析。can能够;must必须;have to不得不;don’t have to不必。根据“finish our homework on time”可知,按时完成作业是必须要做的事情,故选B。
46.—________ I use your pen?
—Sure, but you ________ return it after class.
A.Can; must B.Must; can C.Can; can D.Must; must
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我可以用你的钢笔吗?——当然,但是你必须在下课后还给我。
考查情态动词。can 意为“可以”,表示“请求允许”;must 意为“必须”。根据句意可知,第一个空表达请求允许,应填can;根据“return it after class”可知必须在下课后还给我,应填must。故选A。
47.Cars, buses and bikes _______ stop when traffic lights turn red.
A.may B.need C.can D.must
【答案】D
【详解】句意:当交通灯变红时,汽车、公共汽车和自行车必须停下来。
考查情态动词。may也许;need需要;can能够;must必须。根据“when traffic lights turn red.”可知,红灯亮了,必须停下。故选D。
48.—________ I watch TV now?
—No, you ________. You ________ finish your homework first.
A.Can; can’t; must B.Must; can’t; can
C.Can; mustn’t; must D.Must; mustn’t; can
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我现在可以看电视吗?——不,你不能。你必须先完成作业。
考查情态动词。 can能,可以;can’t不能;must必须;mustn’t禁止。根据“…I watch TV now?”可知,此处是希望得到对方允许,应用can。而根据“No...you...finish your homework first.”可知,此处是拒绝对方的请求,强调必须首先完成作业,所以用can’t和must。故选A。
49.You ________ be late for school.
A.can’t B.don’t have to C.mustn’t D.aren’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你绝不能上学迟到。
考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能;don’t have to不必;mustn’t禁止,绝对不可以;aren’t不是。根据“be late for school”可知,上学不迟到是一种严格的要求,用“mustn’t”符合语境。故选C。
50.—Do I have to wash the dishes?
—Yes, you ________.
A.do B.have C.must D.can
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我必须洗碗吗? ——是的,你必须。
考查一般疑问句的回答。do助动词,与动词原形连用;have有,实义动词,或作助动词构成现在完成时;must必须,情态动词;can能,情态动词。问句中的“have to”属于情态动词,意为“必须,不得不”,对应肯定回答用must。故选C。
题型三:综合类(较难)
51.Don’t ________ because he needs a good rest.
A.wake up him B.wake him up C.to wake up him D.to wake him up
【答案】B
【详解】句意:不要叫醒他,因为他需要好好休息。
考查动词短语的用法。wake sb. up“叫醒某人”,因为wake up 是动副短语,若宾语是名词,则放在up前面或者后面均可;若宾语是代词,则只能放中间位置。him是人称代词,所以“叫醒他”wake him up。题干句子是否定祈使句,其后动词要用原形,故选B。
52.There is a picture on the ground. Please ________.
A.pick up it B.pick it up C.picked it up D.picked up it
【答案】B
【详解】句意:地上有一幅画。请捡起来。
考查动词短语辨析以及代词放在动词和副词构成的短语中间。pick up“捡起”。代词要放在动词和副词构成的短语中间。please后接动词原形。故选B。
53.—________ about me. There is nothing serious.
—OK. Take care
A.Don’t be worry B.Not be worried C.Never worried D.Don’t worry
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——不要担心我。不怎么严重。——好的。保重。
考查祈使句和动词短语。此句没有主语,用祈使句,Don’t do...句型,排除B和C;形容词短语be worried about sb表示“担心某人”或者动词短语worry about sb表示“担心某人”。故选D。
54.________ more exercise and you will be much healthier.
A.Taking B.To take C.Took D.Take
【答案】D
【详解】句意:多做锻炼,你将变得更健康。
考查祈使句。根据“...more exercise and you will be much healthier.”可知,句子表示建议,为祈使句,析使句一般要用动词原形来开头。故选D。
55.—Don’t tell anyone about this, Kitty?
—OK, ________. I’ll keep it ________.
A.I will; for me B.I won’t; to myself C.I will; to myself D.I won’t; for me
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——别告诉任何人这件事,凯蒂?——好的,我不会说的。我会保密的。
考查否定祈使句的回答及动词短语。根据“OK”可知,回答否定祈使句时,应用“I won’t.”表示接受对方的建议、劝告或命令;动词短语keep sth to oneself意为“独自保留某事”,固定短语。故选B。
56.—In China, many parents complain that their children have to stay up late to do the homework.
—Don’t worry. The government has realized the problem. I’m sure there ________ be good news soon.
A.can B.should C.need D.must
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——在中国,许多家长抱怨他们的孩子不得不熬夜做家庭作业。——别担心。政府已经意识到这个问题。我相信很快就会有好消息。
考查情态动词。can能、会;should应当;need需要;must必须、一定;根据空前“I’m sure”可推知,应是“there must be,一定有”,表示肯定的推测。故选D。
57.—Kevin falls asleep in class every morning.
—He ________ be out late every night or maybe he works at night.
A.can B.need C.must D.should
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——凯文每天早上在课堂上睡觉。——他一定是每天晚上很晚才回来,或者他晚上工作到很晚。
考查情态动词。can能,可能; need需要;must一定;should应该。根据“Kevin falls asleep in class every morning.”可知,他每天晚上一定很晚才回来,或者他晚上工作到很晚。此处是有把握的肯定推测,用must,故选C。
58.—The man in black ________ be your father.
—No, he ________ be my father. My father went to Xi’an last month.
A.must, mustn’t B.can, can’t C.can’t, must D.must, can’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——那个穿黑衣服的人一定是你的父亲。 ——不,他不可能是我的父亲。我父亲上个月去了西安。
考查情态动词表示推测。must表推测,只能用于肯定句中,表示很有把握的推测;can表示推测,意为“可能”,一般用于否定句和疑问句中。第一个空表示肯定的推测,用must;根据“My father went to Xi’an last month.”可知,这里表示否定的推测,用can’t。故选D。
59.—Look at the performer playing the guitar upside down on the stage. Is it Jim?
—It ________ be him. He told me he would surprise us.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must D.may
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——看这位演员在舞台上倒立着弹吉他。是吉姆吗? ——一定是他。他告诉过我他会给我们惊喜。
考查情态动词表推测。mustn’t禁止,不得;can’t不可能,不会;must一定;may也许。根据“He told me he would surprise us.”可知,吉姆曾说过他会这样做,所以表演者就是吉姆的可能性是非常大的。故选C。
60.—_________ I swim here?
—I’m sorry. Children _________ swim alone here. It’s very dangerous.
A.Must; can’t B.May; shouldn’t
C.Can; mustn’t D.Can; needn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我可以在这里游泳吗?——非常抱歉。孩子禁止独自在这里游泳。非常危险。
考查情态动词。must必须;can’t不能;may可以,表请求;should’t不应该;can可以,表请求;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必。第一个空根据“I’m sorry.”可知,上文应是表示请求,故排除A;第二个空根据“It’s very dangerous.”可知,这里很危险,故孩子应禁止独自在这里游泳。故选C。
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Unit2 Rules around us
重点语法Grammar:祈使句和情态动词 must 精讲练(分层练习)
目录
语法知识精讲 1
1.祈使句 1
2.must的用法考点 2
语法知识精练 2
题型一:祈使句 3
题型二:情态动词must 9
题型三:综合类(较难) 15
语法知识精讲
1.祈使句
1.1.祈使句的基本用法
祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语,谓语动词用原形。
1.1.1. 肯定的祈使句
①句型:动词原形+其他成分。Be careful! 小心!
②"Do+祈使句"表示一种强烈的感情或请求,do起强调作用。
③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气,但please用在句末时,必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。
Close the door, please. 请关门。
1.1.2. 否定的祈使句
①常用句型:Don’t+动词原形+其他成分。Don’t be late for school again! 别再迟到了!
②用Never开头:Never+动词原形+其他成分。
1.1.3. Let引导的祈使句
以Let开头的句子也是祈使句,表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种:Let...not或Don’t...
1.2祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换
1.2.1. "Let’s + 动词原形 + 其他"可转换为"Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他? "。
1.2.2. "祈使句 + and/or + 简单句"可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。
1.3祈使句的应答语
1.3.1. 以Let’s开头的祈使句,其答语常用Good idea. /OK. /Yes, I’d love to. 等。
1.3.2. 其他肯定祈使句的应答语为Yes, I will. ;否定祈使句的应答语为Sorry/No, I won’t(do it again)。
2.must的用法考点
2.1.must 表示义务,意为“必须”,强调说话人的主观意志。
例 You must work hard.你必须努力工作。
辨析:must和have to的区别
情态动词
用法
must
“必须”,表示说话人的主观意志;只有must这一种形式。
have to
“必须,不得不”,强调客观需要;有人称、数和时态的变化。
例
You have to wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.爬山的时候你必须穿运动鞋。
2.2.must表示推测时,指有根据、有把握的推测,只能用于肯定句。可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测。
例You must be a middle school student.你一定是一名中学生。
2.3.must的否定形式mustn't意为“禁止,不许”,不能用来表示推测。表示否定推测时用can't,意为“不可能”。
You mustn't park your car on this street.不许把车停在这条街道上。
2.4.由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用“Yes,...must”,否定回答用"No,...needn't/don't have to”。
例-Must I learn these words by heart?我必须熟记这些单词吗?
-No,you needn't.不用。
语法知识精练
题型一:祈使句
1.Daniel, ________ football in the street. It’s too dangerous.
A.Play B.doesn’t play C.don’t play D.plays
2.—________ quiet, please! You are in the library.
—I’m sorry, madam.
A.Keeps B.Keeping C.Keep D.To keep
3.Don’t ________ in bed all day.
A.lie B.salty C.aloud D.surface
4.—Look! That old man is crossing the crosswalk.
—Let’s ________ him.
A.helps B.to help C.helping D.help
5.________ a deep breath, and you will find the courage to face the difficulty.
A.Take B.Taking C.To take D.To be taken
6.________ me a postcard when you get to Australia. Don’t forget it!
A.To send B.Sends
C.Sending D.Send
7.Come and ________ us!
A.join B.joins C.joining D.to join
8.Let him ________ in the river!
A.don’t swim B.doesn’t swim C.not swim D.to swim
9.“Li Ming, ________ your homework first, and then you can watch TV for 30 minutes,” said his mum.
A.does B.did C.do D.to do
10.Tom, ________ an umbrella with you. It’s going to rain.
A.taking B.takes C.take D.is taking
11.Please be polite and ________ everyone with respect.
A.treat B.treats C.treating D.to treat
12.I don’t want to be late again. Please ______ tomorrow, Mum.
A.wake up me B.wake me up C.wakes up me D.wakes me up
13.Come and ________ our club!
A.join B.joining C.take part in D.taking part in
14.—_______! Something is falling down from the building.
—Dear me! It’s too dangerous.
A.Look after B.Look out of C.Look out D.Look out at
15.Let’s ________ friends..
A.to be B.be C.being D.are
16.—Jim, ________ miss the wonderful film.
—OK, I ________.
A.don’t; will B.doesn’t; will C.don’t; won’t D.doesn’t; won’t
17.Go to bed early, ________ you’ll have enough energy for the next day.
A.or B.and C.but D.because
18.Bill, ________ talk in class. We must listen ________ the teacher.
A.doesn’t; with B.doesn’t; to C.don’t; with D.don’t; to
19.Jim, ________ read in the sun. It’s bad for your eyes.
A.can’t B.isn’t C.doesn’t D.don’t
20.Hurry up! It’s time ________ English class. Don’t ________ late for it!
A.to; be B.to have; / C.for; be D.for; /
21.It’s snowing. Please ________ warm clothes.
A.wear B.wears C.wearing D.to wear
22.Mike, ______ TV all the time. It’s not good for your eyes.
A.not watch B.doesn’t watch C.don’t watch D.isn’t watch
23._______ the room first, and then you can watch TV.
A.Clean B.To clean C.Cleans D.Cleaning
24.Eric, ________ eat in the classroom. It’s a school rule.
A.don’t B.not C.doesn’t D.no
25.— Please be quiet in the library! Look at the sign. It says, “No _______”.
— I am sorry.
A.talk B.talking C.read D.reading
26.— Hurry up, ________we will be late for school.
— The bus door is too ________. Neither of us can go through it.
A.and; narrow B.or; big C.or; narrow D.and; big
27.—Don’t _________ in class, Tom.
—Sorry, Miss Wang.
A.sleep B.sleeps C.sleeping D.to sleep
28.The teacher says to Jack, “You must go to school early. _______ be late for school again.”
A.Not B.No C.Doesn’t D.Don’t
29.—Don’t forget to bring your exercise books here, Lily.
—________. I must remember to bring it here every time.
A.Yes, I won’t B.Yes, I don’t C.No, I can’t D.Sorry, I won’t
30.— David, remember not to leave your homework at home and ________ it to school tomorrow.
—________, I ________, Miss Zhao.
A.take; No; won’t B.take; Yes; will C.bring; No; won’t D.bring; Yes; will
题型二:情态动词must
31.To ensure the safety of all students, the school has a rule that you __________ leave the classroom during the class without permission.
A.must B.mustn’t C.don’t have to D.can
32.Pigeons ________ fly at speeds of over 100km per hour. That’s as fast as my dad’s car!
A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.can’t
33.Cars, buses and bikes ________ stop when the traffic light is red.
A.can B.must C.may D.need
34.—Look at the sign. You ________ smoke here.
—Sorry, I won’t.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.shouldn’t D.may not
35.We ________ talk loudly in the library.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.have to D.don’t have to
36.In the library, it is expected that you __________ keep your voice down to avoid disturbing others.
A.must B.mustn’t C.don’t have to D.can
37.Which of the following use is DIFFERENT from the other three?
A.You must try the soup. It is the best I have ever had.
B.Anyone who is interested in Chinese history simply must read this book.
C.You must come and stay with us in London sometime. We will show you around the city.
D.We must all obey the traffic rules when driving here.
38.You ______ worry about it. I will always help you.
A.may not B.mustn’t C.can’t D.needn’t
39.— Must I tidy up my bedroom now?
— No, you ________. The robotic vacuum will clean it up.
A.may not B.needn’t C.haven’t to D.mustn’t
40.—Excuse me, may I smoke here?
—Sorry! Look at the sign. You ________ smoke in the hospital room.
A.may not B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.don’t have to
41.—Would you like another glass of water?
—No, thanks. I ________ leave now. Tony is waiting for me.
A.can B.may C.must D.could
42.—People _________ wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.
—Yes, or they will be punished.
A.must B.can C.may D.would
43.—______ you swim?
—Yes, I can. And I’m a good swimmer.
A.Can B.May C.Need D.Must
44.You ________ be late for school.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.have to D.don’t have to
45.We ________ finish our homework on time.
A.can B.must C.have to D.don’t have to
46.—________ I use your pen?
—Sure, but you ________ return it after class.
A.Can; must B.Must; can C.Can; can D.Must; must
47.Cars, buses and bikes _______ stop when traffic lights turn red.
A.may B.need C.can D.must
48.—________ I watch TV now?
—No, you ________. You ________ finish your homework first.
A.Can; can’t; must B.Must; can’t; can
C.Can; mustn’t; must D.Must; mustn’t; can
49.You ________ be late for school.
A.can’t B.don’t have to C.mustn’t D.aren’t
50.—Do I have to wash the dishes?
—Yes, you ________.
A.do B.have C.must D.can
题型三:综合类(较难)
51.Don’t ________ because he needs a good rest.
A.wake up him B.wake him up C.to wake up him D.to wake him up
52.There is a picture on the ground. Please ________.
A.pick up it B.pick it up C.picked it up D.picked up it
53.—________ about me. There is nothing serious.
—OK. Take care
A.Don’t be worry B.Not be worried C.Never worried D.Don’t worry
54.________ more exercise and you will be much healthier.
A.Taking B.To take C.Took D.Take
55.—Don’t tell anyone about this, Kitty?
—OK, ________. I’ll keep it ________.
A.I will; for me B.I won’t; to myself C.I will; to myself D.I won’t; for me
56.—In China, many parents complain that their children have to stay up late to do the homework.
—Don’t worry. The government has realized the problem. I’m sure there ________ be good news soon.
A.can B.should C.need D.must
57.—Kevin falls asleep in class every morning.
—He ________ be out late every night or maybe he works at night.
A.can B.need C.must D.should
58.—The man in black ________ be your father.
—No, he ________ be my father. My father went to Xi’an last month.
A.must, mustn’t B.can, can’t C.can’t, must D.must, can’t
59.—Look at the performer playing the guitar upside down on the stage. Is it Jim?
—It ________ be him. He told me he would surprise us.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must D.may
60.—_________ I swim here?
—I’m sorry. Children _________ swim alone here. It’s very dangerous.
A.Must; can’t B.May; shouldn’t
C.Can; mustn’t D.Can; needn’t
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