Unit 5 Good manners【单元卷·考点卷】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元速记·巧练（牛津译林版）

Module2 Unit5 Good manners 【考点卷（基础专练）】 一、根据首字母提示填写单词（10分） 1．Linda arrived late for school yesterday, and she e to the teacher that she was ill. 2．A Bite of China is a s documentary (纪录片) about food. 3．His home is c to the school, so he always walks to school. 4．I can’t hear you, please speak l . 5．Parents shouldn’t p their kids so hard. They should give their kids more time to relax. 6．Is this your car? Can’t you see the sign “No P ” here? 7．This shirt isn’t big e . Could you show me another one? 8．The gentleman says p , ” Excuse me! Are you waiting for this bus?” 9．Don’t t the painting, or you may break it. 10．Don’t talk so much about your ideas. but put them into p and find out whether they have any real value. 二、用所给单词适当形式填空（10分） 11．Cinema Paradiso was one of the most (succeed) movies in the world because it got many prizes. 12．John always spends half an hour (practise) playing table tennis. 13．Don’t ask me (explain) this unless you really do not understand. 14．Look at these photos (close), and you are sure to find the differences. 15．Sam is patient enough (wait) in line for his turn. 16．It is not a bad way to what water is. (explanation) 17．Why don’t we (give) him another chance? 18．If you have to push past others, remember to avoid their bodies. (touch) 19．This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, (turn) himself into different animals and objects. 20．It was surprising to see the children so badly. (behaviour) 三、单项选择（10分） 21．—Which of the twin brothers is a football player? — ________ of them are. A．Either B．Neither C．All D．Both 22．—Do you mind me leaving the tap running? —I think ________ is not proper to do that. A．that B．it C．this D．there 23．—Will our school sports meeting be ________? — Yes, I’m sure. It was planned carefully. A．successes B．the success C．success D．a success 24．It was ________ for us to work out the problem. Few of us could even understand it. A．easy enough B．enough easy C．difficult enough D．enough difficult 25．The driver had to stop suddenly to ________ an accident. A．lay B．pack C．avoid D．kill 26．With a pair of binoculars, we can see the birds more ________. A．quietly B．clearly C．politely D．seriously 27．— ________. —I’m very tired. I had only one or two hours’ sleep last night A．How are you these days? B．What’s the matter? C．Haven’t seen you for ages! D．Nice to see you again. 28．It is nearly 10 years ________ we met each other for the last time. A．since B．for C．when D．as 29．—What do you think of being a volunteer ________ the Youth Olympic Games? —Well, I feel proud that I can work here ________ a volunteer. A．about; for B．for; about C．as; for D．for; as 30．Children should ________ watching too much TV. It’s bad for their eyes. A．provide B．explain C．avoid D．encourage 四、完形填空（10分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Every time you travel to other countries, please 31 their customs, just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” When people travel to the US, they often forget to tip. It is 32 to tip those who help you in the US. For example, waiters in the restaurants hope to get a 15% tip on the 33 of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount (数量). In England, make sure to 34 in line even if there are only two of you. It’s important to respect lines there. It’s a good idea to talk about the weather. It’s a favorite 35 of conversations with the British. In Arab countries, men kiss one 36 on the cheek (脸颊) . Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both cheeks. It is polite for you to do the same. In Japan, people usually give business cards to each other when they 37 for the first time. When a person gives you a card, don’t put it into your pocket right away. He or she may expect you to 38 it at once. In Germany, it’s a good idea to send flowers to your dinner hostess, but don’t get her red roses 39 it means you are in love with her. Don’t take thirteen of anything because it’s a (an) 40 number. Don’t take an even (偶数) number of anything, either. Don’t forget to be careful of your body language in some conversations. A kind of body language in one culture may be impolite in another. 31．A．catch B．watch C．follow D．enjoy 32．A．surprised B．common C．possible D．impossible 33．A．cost B．dish C．service D．menu 34．A．sit B．cross C．stand D．shop 35．A．saying B．thought C．thing D．subject 36．A．other B．another C．others D．the other 37．A．bow B．meet C．watch D．wait 38．A．talk B．take C．write D．read 39．A．but B．however C．because D．so 40．A．funny B．unlucky C．necessary D．exciting 五、阅读理解（20分） A Have you ever heard of the iceberg model (冰山模式)? It shows that what we see from the surface (表面) is only part of the story. There is a lot more going on under it. Recently, students from Chengdu Yucai Middle School used this model to understand different cultures. “Culture is like an iceberg, as some parts of it can be seen and some cannot,” explained, teacher Liu Yue. Things like clothes, buildings and music are the part “above the water”. And the “unseen” part is the way people think, such as how we see life and death. Inspired (启发) by this idea, 13-year-old Li Yixuan gave an example. “When we are praised by others, we’re likely to reply by saying ‘Not at all’ or ‘I’m not that great’” said Li. “This comes down to the humility (谦逊) that we Chinese have had since ancient times.” Sun Boyin thought beyond our own culture. In 202l, actor Mirai Moriyama danced with the white clothes while funeral (丧葬的) music played during the opening of the 2020 Tokyo Games. It led some to say it was “strange and uncomfortable” to watch. But it turned out to be “Japan’s special way to show mourning for those who have passed away”, Sun said. For some, this can be an enlightening class. “We can’t judge a culture only by what we see”, said Guo Yinyue. “If we want to fully understand a country’s culture. We need to think more about its invisible part so as to have better communication” said Shu Yuyang. 41．What is the unseen part of culture? A．The part of above the water. B．The way people think. C．The surface of the story. D．The under part of the iceberg. 42．If somebody says “You are excellent!”, how do Chinese usually reply? A．You are welcome. B．I am sorry to hear that. C．You are right, thanks. D．I’m not that great. 43．What is Mirai Moriyama? A．An actor. B．A student. C．A teacher. D．A player. 44．Which word is close to the underlined word “mourning”? A．Happiness. B．Sadness. C．Kindness. D．Darkness. 45．Which can be a proper title for the text? A．Different Countries, Different Cultures B．There are Two Sides of Each Problem C．The Iceberg Model and Different Cultures D．The Importance of Iceberg Culture B Around the world, people have different ideas about what good table manners are. In India, for example, people only eat with their right hands. And their left hand stays still. Eating with your left hand is very rude (粗鲁的)! In western countries, people do not usually share the same dishes. Everyone has his or her own plate of food. You eat with a knife and fork and you should not wave (挥) them around when you are not eating. And you should try not to be noisy when eating. When you go to some restaurants in different parts of the world, it is important to know what people think is rude. For example, in China it’s OK to be noisy in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant is not noisy, you may think it is not very good. However, in many western countries, restaurants are quiet places. If a table is too noisy, other customers might not be happy. Paying for the meal is also different from country to country. In China, one person usually pays for everyone. In western countries, when friends eat together, they usually share the cost. This is called “going Dutch.” When westerners pay the check, they usually leave some money for the waiter. This is called “leaving a tip.” Not leaving a tip is very rude. In the USA, it’s common to leave tips of 10%, 15% or 20% of the check. 46．What do people in western countries usually do while eating? A．Share the same dishes. B．Talk in a loud voice. C．Wave knife and fork around. D．Eat food on their own plates. 47．What may people think if a restaurant in China is quiet? A．It is not very good. B．The boss must be friendly. C．The dishes must taste good. D．It's a good place for eating. 48．If you pay for a 200-dollar bill in an American restaurant, how much will you leave as a tip? A．$10. B．S30. C．S60. D．S80. 49．What can we know from the passage? A．Indian people usually use both hands to eat. B．Chinese people prefer sharing the cost for meals. C．It’s rude to leave tips to the waiters in western countries. D．In England, it’s impolite to make much noise while eating. 50．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Eating Habits B．Leaving a Tip C．Table Manners D．Pay for Meals 六、短文首字母填空（10分） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 If you are visiting England, you will notice that the English have many customs and traditions that are different from t 51 in China. This guide provides help for anyone v 52 England for the first time. Standing in the queue. English people like to form queues. People will think you are very rude if you don’t j 53 the queue. Please, Thank you, Excuse me and Sorry. It is good m 54 to say “Please” and “Thank you”. If someone is in your way and you would like them to move, say “excuse me” and they will move. If you bump into someone or you are in their way, say “sorry”. They will p 55 say “sorry”, too, e 56 if it was your mistake.     Meeting a new person. When people meet for the first time, the u 57 custom is to shake hands. The next time you meet that person, you can just say hello. English people don’t usually hug or kiss u 58 they know each other really well. Talking to people. English people like to be p 59 . So if you are on buses or trains, they usually sit as far away from other people as possible. If you want to start a conversation, the topic that English people like to talk about is the w 60 . So you need to be able to say “Isn’t it warm today? Or “Do you think it’s going to rain?” This is much better than others. 七、阅读填表（10分） 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文后表格空白处填入一个最恰当的单 词。注意：每空只填一个单词。 Every time a new year rolls around, people set out to live a better life. They promise themselves that they will lose weight, find a new job or maybe even take that vacation they’ve always talked about. But why do we make those promises to ourselves and where did this tradition come from? It started with the ancient Babylonians. Around 4,000 years ago in Babylon, the earliest recorded celebration honoring the coming of a new year was held. The calendar was different back then. The Babylonians started the new year in late March during the first new moon after the spring equinox (春分). The events were known as the Akitu festival (阿基图庆典), which lasted 11 days. They celebrated the rebirth of the sun god. Babylonians made promises in order to make all of their gods happy. They felt this would help them start the new year with better luck. This is how the tradition started. New Year’s resolutions (决心) continued on with the Romans. When the early Roman calendar no longer went well with Earth’s traveling around the sun, Caesar decided to make a change. He talked to the best astronomers (天文学家) and mathematicians (数学家) of his time and introduced the Julian calendar, which is similar to our Gregorian calendar. Caesar set January 1 as the first day of the year to honor Janus, the god of new beginnings. The Romans celebrated the New Year by offering animals to Janus in a special way. To this day, the traditions of the ancient Babylonians and Romans are still widely spread all over the world. However, not many people keep the resolutions they make. Google launched a Resolution Map in 2013 to see how many people keep their resolutions. Only eight percent of people were successful in achieving them. However, with 4,000 years worth of history telling us so, this tradition is certain to live on. That statistic (数字) is hard to argue with. Long 61 of New Year’s Resolutions Introduction ●People hope to get much 62 or find a new job to improve themselves. ●The ancient Babylonians 63 the tradition. Beginning ●The first celebration that was recorded honoring the coming of a new year was held 64 of years ago. ●Babylonians made promises in the hope that they would be 65 in the new year. Development ●Caesar decided to change the early Roman calendar because it didn’t 66 Earth’s traveling around the sun any longer. ●He talked to the best 67 of his time and set January 1 as the first day of the year to honor Janus. Nowadays ●The traditions of the ancient Babylonians and Romans are still 68 among people all around the world. ●Only a 69 people succeeded in achieving the resolutions according to the Google Resolution Map in 2013. Conclusion ●The long history 70 that this tradition is certain to live on. 八、书面表达（20分） 假如你是王超，你的英国朋友Katie下个月会来中国旅行，届时她会去她的一位中国朋友家拜访。她给你发来电子邮件说她想要了解一些关于中国在这方面的风俗礼仪。请你根据下面思维导图中的内容提示给Katie回一封电子邮件。 要求：1. 电邮内容包括所有要点提示并适当发挥；2. 80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3. 文中不要出现真实的人名和校名。 Dear Katie, I’m happy that you’ll come to China soon. I’m looking forward to that exciting moment. Now let me tell you some customs in China. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope my words will be useful for you to have a good time in China. Yours, Wang Chao 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Module2 Unit5 Good manners 【考点卷（基础专练）】 一、根据首字母提示填写单词（10分） 1．Linda arrived late for school yesterday, and she e to the teacher that she was ill. 【答案】(e)xplained 【详解】句意：琳达昨天上学迟到了，她向老师解释说她病了。根据“the teacher that she was ill.”可知，生病是上学迟到的解释。explain“解释”，根据“yesterday”可知，句子用一般过去时。故填(e)xplained。 2．A Bite of China is a s documentary (纪录片) about food. 【答案】(s)uccessful 【详解】句意：《舌尖上的中国》是一部成功的关于食物的纪录片。根据首字母和“A Bite of China”可知，这部纪录片很成功。successful“成功的”，修饰名词document。故填(s)uccessful。 3．His home is c to the school, so he always walks to school. 【答案】(c)lose 【详解】句意：他的家离学校很近，所以他总是走路去学校。根据“so he always walks to school.”及所给的首字母提示可知，他的家应该离学校很近。be close to表示“离……很近”。故填(c)lose。 4．I can’t hear you, please speak l . 【答案】(l)oudly/(l)ouder 【详解】句意：我听不见，请大声说/大点声说。修饰动词speak，用副词loudly“大声地”，也可以填副词的比较级louder。故填(l)oudly/(l)ouder。 5．Parents shouldn’t p their kids so hard. They should give their kids more time to relax. 【答案】(p)ush 【详解】句意：父母不应该把孩子督促得那么紧。他们应该给孩子更多的时间放松。根据“They should give their kids more time to relax.”可知，前句指“父母督促得太紧”，push“督促”；情态动词“shouldn’t”后接动词原形，故填(p)ush。 6．Is this your car? Can’t you see the sign “No P ” here? 【答案】(P)arking 【详解】句意：这是你的车吗？你看不到这里的“禁止停车”的标志吗？根据首字母以及“Is this your car”可知此处表示“禁止停车”；“No+动名词”表示“禁止……”，No Parking“禁止停车”。故填(P)arking。 7．This shirt isn’t big e . Could you show me another one? 【答案】(e)nough 【详解】句意：这个衬衫不够大。你能给我看另一件吗？根据“Could you show me another one”及首字母可知，应是不够大，所以yoo看另一件，not big enough“不够大”，故填(e)nough。 8．The gentleman says p , ” Excuse me! Are you waiting for this bus?” 【答案】(p)olitely 【详解】句意：这位先生礼貌地说： “打扰一下！请问你在等公共汽车吗？”分析句子可知，此处修饰动词says作状语，应使用副词；根据“‘Excuse me!’打扰一下”可知，这个人说话很有礼貌。politely”有礼貌地”，副词。故填(p)olitely。 9．Don’t t the painting, or you may break it. 【答案】(t)ouch 【详解】句意：别碰这幅画，否则你会把它弄坏的。根据“Don’t … the painting, or you may break it.”及首字母可知，此处指不要碰这幅画，touch“碰”，Don’t后接动词原形，故填(t)ouch。 10．Don’t talk so much about your ideas. but put them into p and find out whether they have any real value. 【答案】(p)ractice 【详解】句意：不要关于你的想法谈的如此多，但是要把他们付诸实践并查明他们是否有真正的价值。根据前文不要谈地多，用“but”表示转折，应放在实践中，由于首字母“p”，所以应是practice。故填(p)ractice。 二、用所给单词适当形式填空（10分） 11．Cinema Paradiso was one of the most (succeed) movies in the world because it got many prizes. 【答案】successful 【详解】句意：《天堂电影院》是世界上最成功的电影之一，因为它获得了许多奖项。根据“Cinema Paradiso was one of the most ... movies ... ”可知，one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，succeed为动词，其形容词为successful“成功的”，最高级为the most successful。故填successful。 12．John always spends half an hour (practise) playing table tennis. 【答案】practising 【详解】句意：约翰总是花半个小时练习打乒乓球。根据短语spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”和提示词可知，空处应填动词practise的动词-ing形式practising。故填practising。 13．Don’t ask me (explain) this unless you really do not understand. 【答案】to explain 【详解】句意：不要让我解释，除非你真的不明白。ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，空处用不定式形式作补语，故填to explain。 14．Look at these photos (close), and you are sure to find the differences. 【答案】closely 【详解】句意：仔细看这两幅图，你一定会发现它们的区别。空处的词修饰动词look，用副词，close是形容词，副词形式为closely“仔细地”。故填closely。 15．Sam is patient enough (wait) in line for his turn. 【答案】to wait 【详解】句意：萨姆有足够的耐心排队等候轮到他。wait“等”，动词。结合提示词和题干可知，此处应用“be+形容词+enough to do sth.”结构，表示“足够……做某事”，所以空处应填to wait。故填to wait。 16．It is not a bad way to what water is. (explanation) 【答案】explain 【详解】句意：这是解释什么是水的一个不错的方法。分析句子可知，空处需用动词不定式作定语，explanation的动词原形为explain。故填explain。 17．Why don’t we (give) him another chance? 【答案】give 【详解】句意：我们为什么不再给他一次机会呢？Why don’t we do...相当于Why not do...?为什么不，可知需要填入动词原形。故填give。 18．If you have to push past others, remember to avoid their bodies. (touch) 【答案】touching 【详解】句意：如果你不得不从别人身边挤过去，记得不要碰他们的身体。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填touching。 19．This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, (turn) himself into different animals and objects. 【答案】turning 【详解】句意：这是因为他可以对自己的形状和大小进行72次改变，将自己变成不同的动物和物体。此处需用现在分词形式作状语，故填turning。 20．It was surprising to see the children so badly. (behaviour) 【答案】behave/behaving 【详解】句意：看到孩子们的行为如此恶劣，真是令人惊讶。此处是结构see sb. do/doing sth.“看见某人做某事”或者“看见某人正在做某事”，故此处用动词原形behave“表现”，或现在分词behaving。故填behave/behaving。 三、单项选择（10分） 21．—Which of the twin brothers is a football player? — ________ of them are. A．Either B．Neither C．All D．Both 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——双胞胎兄弟中哪一个是足球运动员？——两个都是。考查代词辨析。Either两者中的任意一个；Neither两者都不；All都，用于三者或三者以上；Both两者都。根据“twin brothers”和答句中的are可知，此处用于两者之间，且意为“两者都”。故选D。 22．—Do you mind me leaving the tap running? —I think ________ is not proper to do that. A．that B．it C．this D．there 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你介意我让水龙头开着吗？——我认为那样做是不合适的。考查代词辨析。that那个；it它；this这个；there那里。根据“...is not proper to do that”可知，此处为“it is+形容词+to do”句型，意为“做某事是怎么样的”，it作形式主语。故选B。 23．—Will our school sports meeting be ________? — Yes, I’m sure. It was planned carefully. A．successes B．the success C．success D．a success 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们学校的运动会会成功吗？——是的，我确定。这是精心策划的。考查名词的用法和冠词。success表示“成功”，不可数名词，表示“成功的人或事”时，是可数名词。根据“Will our school sports meeting be”可知此处询问运动会会不会是一件成功的事，故此处success是可数名词，表示泛指，用不定冠词修饰。故D。 24．It was ________ for us to work out the problem. Few of us could even understand it. A．easy enough B．enough easy C．difficult enough D．enough difficult 【答案】C 【详解】句意：解这道数学题对我们来说已经够难的了。我们中几乎没有人能理解它。考查形容词辨析和enough的用法。easy容易的；difficult困难的。根据后半句“Few of us could even understand it.”可知，解答这个数学题是困难的，因此可排除A和B；enough修饰形容词需要后置。故选C。 25．The driver had to stop suddenly to ________ an accident. A．lay B．pack C．avoid D．kill 【答案】C 【详解】句意：司机不得不突然停车以避免发生事故。考查动词辨析。lay放置；pack打包，收拾；avoid避免；kill杀死。结合“stop suddenly to...an accident”可知，这里是指停车去避免发生事故。故选C。 26．With a pair of binoculars, we can see the birds more ________. A．quietly B．clearly C．politely D．seriously 【答案】B 【详解】句意：用这副双筒望远镜，我们能更清楚地看到这些鸟。考查副词辨析。quietly安静地，平静地；clearly清楚地，清晰地；politely有礼貌地；seriously严肃地。根据“With a pair of binoculars, we can see the birds more …”可知，用双筒望远镜能看得更清楚。故选B。 27．— ________. —I’m very tired. I had only one or two hours’ sleep last night A．How are you these days? B．What’s the matter? C．Haven’t seen you for ages! D．Nice to see you again. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——发生什么事了？——我好累。我昨晚仅仅睡了一到两个小时。考查情景交际。How are you these days?“你这些天怎么样？”；What’s the matter?“怎么回事？”；Haven’t seen you for ages!“好多年没见了！”；Nice to see you again.“很高兴再次见到你。”。根据“I’m very tired. I had only one or two hours’ sleep last night”可知，此处应该是询问你怎么了，怎么回事，选项B “你怎么了？”符合语境。故选B。 28．It is nearly 10 years ________ we met each other for the last time. A．since B．for C．when D．as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：从我们上次见面到现在已经快十年了。考查连词。since自从，用于表示自某个过去的时间点以来的一段时间；for通常表达一段时间的持续；when当……时候，用于引导时间状语从句；as当……时候/因为，常表示方式或原因等。此句是“It is+时间段+since从句”结构，表示“自从……有多长时间了”。故选A。 29．—What do you think of being a volunteer ________ the Youth Olympic Games? —Well, I feel proud that I can work here ________ a volunteer. A．about; for B．for; about C．as; for D．for; as 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你认为作为一名青年奥运会的志愿者怎么样？——哦，我能作为一名志愿者在这里工作我感到骄傲。考查介词的用法。about关于；for为了；as作为。第一空表示为青年奥运会做一名志愿者，用介词for；第二空表示作为一名志愿者，用介词as。故选D。 30．Children should ________ watching too much TV. It’s bad for their eyes. A．provide B．explain C．avoid D．encourage 【答案】C 【详解】句意：孩子们应该避免看太多电视。这对他们的眼睛不好。考查动词辨析。provide提供；explain解释；avoid避免；encourage鼓励。根据“It’s bad for their eyes.”可知是指应该避免看太多电视。故选C。 四、完形填空（10分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Every time you travel to other countries, please 31 their customs, just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” When people travel to the US, they often forget to tip. It is 32 to tip those who help you in the US. For example, waiters in the restaurants hope to get a 15% tip on the 33 of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount (数量). In England, make sure to 34 in line even if there are only two of you. It’s important to respect lines there. It’s a good idea to talk about the weather. It’s a favorite 35 of conversations with the British. In Arab countries, men kiss one 36 on the cheek (脸颊) . Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both cheeks. It is polite for you to do the same. In Japan, people usually give business cards to each other when they 37 for the first time. When a person gives you a card, don’t put it into your pocket right away. He or she may expect you to 38 it at once. In Germany, it’s a good idea to send flowers to your dinner hostess, but don’t get her red roses 39 it means you are in love with her. Don’t take thirteen of anything because it’s a (an) 40 number. Don’t take an even (偶数) number of anything, either. Don’t forget to be careful of your body language in some conversations. A kind of body language in one culture may be impolite in another. 31．A．catch B．watch C．follow D．enjoy 32．A．surprised B．common C．possible D．impossible 33．A．cost B．dish C．service D．menu 34．A．sit B．cross C．stand D．shop 35．A．saying B．thought C．thing D．subject 36．A．other B．another C．others D．the other 37．A．bow B．meet C．watch D．wait 38．A．talk B．take C．write D．read 39．A．but B．however C．because D．so 40．A．funny B．unlucky C．necessary D．exciting 【答案】 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．D 36．B 37．B 38．D 39．C 40．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们去不同的国家旅行时，应该入乡随俗。 31．句意：每次去其他国家旅游，请遵循他们的习俗，就像俗话说的“入乡随俗”。 catch赶上；watch观看；follow跟随，遵循；enjoy享受。根据横线后“their customs”可知，此处应该指的是遵循他们的习俗。故选C。 32．句意：在美国，给帮助你的人小费是很常见的。 surprised令人惊讶的；common常见的；possible可能得；impossible不可能的。根据前文“When people travel to the US, they often forget to tip.”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达在美国，给帮助你的人小费是很常见的。故选B。 33．句意：例如，餐馆的服务员希望得到你餐费15%的小费。 cost费用；dish菜；service服务；menu菜单。根据前文“When people travel to the US, they often forget to tip. It is…to tip those who help you in the US.”可知，此处应该指的是小费，所以填入cost，名词，意为“费用”符合语境。故选A。 34．句意：在英国，即使只有两个人，也要排队。 sit坐；cross穿过；stand站立；shop购物。根据横线后“in line”和后文“It’s important to respect lines there.”可知，此处应该指的是排队，stand in line“排队”，固定用法。故选C。 35．句意：这是与英国人交谈时最喜欢的话题。 saying话；thought想法；thing事情；subject主题，话题。根据前文“It’s a good idea to talk about the weather.”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达这是与英国人交谈时最喜欢的话题。故选D。 36．句意：在阿拉伯国家，男人互相亲吻脸颊。 other其他的，后跟名词；another另一个的；others其他的(人或物)；the other另一个的(两个中的另一个)。根据横线前“one”，结合句意可知，此处填入another，one another，固定搭配，意为“互相”符合语境。故选B。 37．句意：在日本，当人们第一次见面时，通常会给对方名片。 bow鞠躬；meet见面；watch观看；wait等待。根据“people usually give business cards to each other”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达当人们第一次见面时。故选B。 38．句意：他或她可能希望你马上阅读它。 talk谈话；take拿走；write写；read读。根据前文“When a person gives you a card, don’t put it into your pocket right away.”可知，此处应该指的是阅读卡片。故选D。 39．句意：在德国，给女主人送花是个好主意，但不要送她红玫瑰，因为这意味着你爱上了她。 but但是；however虽然；because因为；so所以。根据分析句子“In Germany, it’s a good idea to send flowers to your dinner hostess, but don’t get her red roses …it means you are in love with her.”可知，前后构成因果关系，所以应该填入because，引导原因状语从句。故选C。 40．句意：任何东西都不要拿十三，因为它是个不吉利的数字。 funny有趣的；unlucky不幸运的；necessary必要的；exciting令人兴奋的。根据“Don’t take thirteen of anything”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达因为它是个不吉利的数字。故选B。 五、阅读理解（20分） A Have you ever heard of the iceberg model (冰山模式)? It shows that what we see from the surface (表面) is only part of the story. There is a lot more going on under it. Recently, students from Chengdu Yucai Middle School used this model to understand different cultures. “Culture is like an iceberg, as some parts of it can be seen and some cannot,” explained, teacher Liu Yue. Things like clothes, buildings and music are the part “above the water”. And the “unseen” part is the way people think, such as how we see life and death. Inspired (启发) by this idea, 13-year-old Li Yixuan gave an example. “When we are praised by others, we’re likely to reply by saying ‘Not at all’ or ‘I’m not that great’” said Li. “This comes down to the humility (谦逊) that we Chinese have had since ancient times.” Sun Boyin thought beyond our own culture. In 202l, actor Mirai Moriyama danced with the white clothes while funeral (丧葬的) music played during the opening of the 2020 Tokyo Games. It led some to say it was “strange and uncomfortable” to watch. But it turned out to be “Japan’s special way to show mourning for those who have passed away”, Sun said. For some, this can be an enlightening class. “We can’t judge a culture only by what we see”, said Guo Yinyue. “If we want to fully understand a country’s culture. We need to think more about its invisible part so as to have better communication” said Shu Yuyang. 41．What is the unseen part of culture? A．The part of above the water. B．The way people think. C．The surface of the story. D．The under part of the iceberg. 42．If somebody says “You are excellent!”, how do Chinese usually reply? A．You are welcome. B．I am sorry to hear that. C．You are right, thanks. D．I’m not that great. 43．What is Mirai Moriyama? A．An actor. B．A student. C．A teacher. D．A player. 44．Which word is close to the underlined word “mourning”? A．Happiness. B．Sadness. C．Kindness. D．Darkness. 45．Which can be a proper title for the text? A．Different Countries, Different Cultures B．There are Two Sides of Each Problem C．The Iceberg Model and Different Cultures D．The Importance of Iceberg Culture 【答案】41．B 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．C 【导语】本文介绍了成都育才中学的学生用冰山模式来理解不同文化的例子，并通过具体事例阐明了文化表面和深层次的不同部分。 41．细节理解题。根据“And the ‘unseen’ part is the way people think, such as how we see life and death.”可知，文化中看不见的部分是人们思考的方式。故选B。 42．细节理解题。根据“we’re likely to reply by saying ‘Not at all’ or ‘I’m not that great’”可知，中国人在受到赞扬时通常会谦逊地回答“我没那么好”。故选D。 43．细节理解题。根据“In 202l, actor Mirai Moriyama danced with the white clothes while funeral (丧葬的) music played during the opening of the 2020 Tokyo Games.”可知，Mirai Moriyama是一名演员。故选A。 44．词句猜测题。根据上下文语境“Japan’s special way to show mourning for those who have passed away”可知，为那些去世的人展示哀悼的一种特殊方式，可推测出“mourning”为“哀悼、悲伤”的意思，与B选项“Sadness”意思匹配。故选B。 45．最佳标题题。通读全文，文章主要讲述成都育才中学的学生用冰山模式来理解不同文化的例子，因此选项C“冰山模式与不同文化”最为恰当。故选C。 B Around the world, people have different ideas about what good table manners are. In India, for example, people only eat with their right hands. And their left hand stays still. Eating with your left hand is very rude (粗鲁的)! In western countries, people do not usually share the same dishes. Everyone has his or her own plate of food. You eat with a knife and fork and you should not wave (挥) them around when you are not eating. And you should try not to be noisy when eating. When you go to some restaurants in different parts of the world, it is important to know what people think is rude. For example, in China it’s OK to be noisy in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant is not noisy, you may think it is not very good. However, in many western countries, restaurants are quiet places. If a table is too noisy, other customers might not be happy. Paying for the meal is also different from country to country. In China, one person usually pays for everyone. In western countries, when friends eat together, they usually share the cost. This is called “going Dutch.” When westerners pay the check, they usually leave some money for the waiter. This is called “leaving a tip.” Not leaving a tip is very rude. In the USA, it’s common to leave tips of 10%, 15% or 20% of the check. 46．What do people in western countries usually do while eating? A．Share the same dishes. B．Talk in a loud voice. C．Wave knife and fork around. D．Eat food on their own plates. 47．What may people think if a restaurant in China is quiet? A．It is not very good. B．The boss must be friendly. C．The dishes must taste good. D．It's a good place for eating. 48．If you pay for a 200-dollar bill in an American restaurant, how much will you leave as a tip? A．$10. B．S30. C．S60. D．S80. 49．What can we know from the passage? A．Indian people usually use both hands to eat. B．Chinese people prefer sharing the cost for meals. C．It’s rude to leave tips to the waiters in western countries. D．In England, it’s impolite to make much noise while eating. 50．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Eating Habits B．Leaving a Tip C．Table Manners D．Pay for Meals 【答案】46．D 47．A 48．B 49．D 50．C 【导语】本文介绍了世界各地不同的餐桌礼仪。 46．细节理解题。根据“In western countries, people do not usually share the same dishes. Everyone has his or her own plate of food.”可知，在西方国家，人们通常不分享同样的菜肴。每个人都有自己的一盘食物。故选D。 47．细节理解题。根据“For example, in China it’s OK to be noisy in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant is not noisy, you may think it is not very good.”可知，在中国，如果一家餐馆很安静，你可能会认为它不是很好。故选A。 48．推理判断题。根据“In the USA, it’s common to leave tips of 10%, 15% or 20% of the check.”可知，在美国，付账单的10%、15%或20%的小费是很常见的。因此如果支付200美元的账单，你要留的小费可以是20美元、30美元或40美元，故选B。 49．细节理解题。根据“However, in many western countries, restaurants are quiet places. If a table is too noisy, other customers might not be happy.”可知，在英国,吃饭时发出噪音是不礼貌的。故选D。 50．标题归纳题。根据“Around the world, people have different ideas about what good table manners are.”可知，本文主要介绍了餐桌礼仪。故选C。 六、短文首字母填空（10分） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 If you are visiting England, you will notice that the English have many customs and traditions that are different from t 51 in China. This guide provides help for anyone v 52 England for the first time. Standing in the queue. English people like to form queues. People will think you are very rude if you don’t j 53 the queue. Please, Thank you, Excuse me and Sorry. It is good m 54 to say “Please” and “Thank you”. If someone is in your way and you would like them to move, say “excuse me” and they will move. If you bump into someone or you are in their way, say “sorry”. They will p 55 say “sorry”, too, e 56 if it was your mistake.     Meeting a new person. When people meet for the first time, the u 57 custom is to shake hands. The next time you meet that person, you can just say hello. English people don’t usually hug or kiss u 58 they know each other really well. Talking to people. English people like to be p 59 . So if you are on buses or trains, they usually sit as far away from other people as possible. If you want to start a conversation, the topic that English people like to talk about is the w 60 . So you need to be able to say “Isn’t it warm today? Or “Do you think it’s going to rain?” This is much better than others. 【答案】 51．(t)hose 52．(v)isiting 53．(j)oin 54．(m)anners 55．(p)robably 56．(e)ven 57．(u)sual 58．(u)nless 59．(p)rivate 60．(w)eather 【导语】本文主要介绍了英国在习俗和传统方面与中国有多不同之处，这对于第一次到英国旅游的外国人来说是非常有帮助的。 51．句意：如果你参观英国，你会注意到英国有许多不同于中国的风俗习惯。根据“have many customs and traditions that are different from...in China”可知英国的风俗习惯和中国的不同，此处在比较结构中代替前文的复数名词，用those指代。故填(t)hose。 52．句意：本指南为第一次参观英国的人提供帮助。根据“for anyone...England for the first time”可知是第一次参观英国的人，visit“参观”，句中有谓语动词，此处用非谓语动词，且anyone和visit之间是主动关系，用现在分词。故填(v)isiting。 53．句意：如果你不排队，人们会认为你很粗鲁。根据“if you don’t...the queue”可知是如果不加入排队，join“加入”，助动词don’t后加动词原形。故填(j)oin。 54．句意：说“请”和“谢谢”是有礼貌的。根据“to say ‘Please’ and ‘Thank you’”可知说“请”和“谢谢”是好的礼仪，manners“礼仪”。故填(m)anners。 55．句意：他们可能也会说“对不起”，即使这是你的错误。根据“say ‘sorry’, too”以及首字母可知即使是对方的错误，他们可能也会说“对不起”，修饰动词用副词probably“可能”。故填(p)robably。 56．句意：他们可能也会说“对不起”，即使这是你的错误。根据“if it was your mistake.”可知即使是你的错误，他们也会说“对不起”，even if“即使”。故填(e)ven。 57．句意：当人们第一次见面时，通常的习俗是握手。根据“custom is to shake hands”可知是通常的习俗是握手，usual“通常的”。故填(u)sual。 58．句意：英国人通常不会拥抱或亲吻，除非他们彼此非常了解。“they know each other really well.”是“English people don’t usually hug or kiss”的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故填(u)nless。 59．句意：英国人喜欢隐私。根据“So if you are on buses or trains, they usually sit as far away from other people as possible”可知在公共汽车或火车上，他们通常坐得离其他人尽可能远，可见他们喜欢隐私，作be动词的表语用形容词private“私人的”。故填(p)rivate。 60．句意：如果你想开始一场对话，英国人喜欢谈论的话题就是天气。根据“Isn’t it warm today”可知是谈论天气，weather“天气”。故填(w)eather。 七、阅读填表（10分） 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文后表格空白处填入一个最恰当的单 词。注意：每空只填一个单词。 Every time a new year rolls around, people set out to live a better life. They promise themselves that they will lose weight, find a new job or maybe even take that vacation they’ve always talked about. But why do we make those promises to ourselves and where did this tradition come from? It started with the ancient Babylonians. Around 4,000 years ago in Babylon, the earliest recorded celebration honoring the coming of a new year was held. The calendar was different back then. The Babylonians started the new year in late March during the first new moon after the spring equinox (春分). The events were known as the Akitu festival (阿基图庆典), which lasted 11 days. They celebrated the rebirth of the sun god. Babylonians made promises in order to make all of their gods happy. They felt this would help them start the new year with better luck. This is how the tradition started. New Year’s resolutions (决心) continued on with the Romans. When the early Roman calendar no longer went well with Earth’s traveling around the sun, Caesar decided to make a change. He talked to the best astronomers (天文学家) and mathematicians (数学家) of his time and introduced the Julian calendar, which is similar to our Gregorian calendar. Caesar set January 1 as the first day of the year to honor Janus, the god of new beginnings. The Romans celebrated the New Year by offering animals to Janus in a special way. To this day, the traditions of the ancient Babylonians and Romans are still widely spread all over the world. However, not many people keep the resolutions they make. Google launched a Resolution Map in 2013 to see how many people keep their resolutions. Only eight percent of people were successful in achieving them. However, with 4,000 years worth of history telling us so, this tradition is certain to live on. That statistic (数字) is hard to argue with. Long 61 of New Year’s Resolutions Introduction ●People hope to get much 62 or find a new job to improve themselves. ●The ancient Babylonians 63 the tradition. Beginning ●The first celebration that was recorded honoring the coming of a new year was held 64 of years ago. ●Babylonians made promises in the hope that they would be 65 in the new year. Development ●Caesar decided to change the early Roman calendar because it didn’t 66 Earth’s traveling around the sun any longer. ●He talked to the best 67 of his time and set January 1 as the first day of the year to honor Janus. Nowadays ●The traditions of the ancient Babylonians and Romans are still 68 among people all around the world. ●Only a 69 people succeeded in achieving the resolutions according to the Google Resolution Map in 2013. Conclusion ●The long history 70 that this tradition is certain to live on. 【答案】 61．history 62．thinner 63．started 64．thousands 65．luckier 66．match 67．scientists 68．spread 69．few 70．shows 【导语】本文主要介绍了“新年决心”这个传统悠久的历史。 61．根据“However, with 4,000 years worth of history telling us so...”可知，本文主要介绍了“新年决心”这个传统悠久的历史，history“历史”，故填history。 62．根据“They promise themselves that they will lose weight, find a new job or maybe even take that vacation they’ve always talked about. ”可知，此处指希望自己变得更瘦，thin“瘦的”，much修饰比较级。故填thinner。 63．根据“It started with the ancient Babylonians.”可知，该传统始于古巴比伦人，也就是古巴比伦人开创了这个传统，started“开创”，故填started。 64．根据“Around 4,000 years ago in Babylon, the earliest recorded celebration honoring the coming of a new year was held.”可知，有记载的第一次庆祝新年的活动是在大约四千年前举行的。thousands of years“几千年”，是概数。故填thousands。 65．根据“Babylonians made promises in order to make all of their gods happy. They felt this would help them start the new year with better luck. ”可知，巴比伦人做出承诺是为了让他们所有的神都高兴。他们认为这将帮助他们在新的一年有更好的运气，也就是希望他们在新的一年更好运，luckier“更加幸运的”。故填luckier。 66．根据“When the early Roman calendar no longer went well with Earth’s traveling around the sun, Caesar decided to make a change”可知，当早期的罗马历法与地球绕太阳公转不一致时，凯撒决定做出改变，go well with可以用同义词match“与……一致”替换，didn’t后跟动词原形，故填match。 67．根据“He talked to the best astronomers (天文学家) and mathematicians (数学家) of his time and introduced the Julian calendar, which is similar to our Gregorian calendar. Caesar set January 1 as the first day of the year to honor Janus, the god of new beginnings. ”可知，他与当时最优秀的天文学家和数学家交谈，并介绍了儒略历，这与我们的公历很相似。凯撒将1月1日定为一年的第一天，以纪念新开始之神雅努斯。astronomers (天文学家) 和mathematicians (数学家)都可以称之为“科学家scientists”。故填scientists. 68．根据“To this day, the traditions of the ancient Babylonians and Romans are still widely spread all over the world. ”可知，直到今天，古巴比伦人和罗马人的传统仍然在世界各地广泛传播。spread“传播”，are后跟过去分词，故填spread。 69．根据“Google launched a Resolution Map in 2013 to see how many people keep their resolutions. Only eight percent of people were successful in achieving them.”可知，只有8%的人成功实现了这些目标，也就是少数人，修饰复数名词people，用a few“少许”。故填few。 70．根据“However, with 4,000 years worth of history telling us so, this tradition is certain to live on. That statistic (数字) is hard to argue with.”可知，历史表明这个传统肯定会延续下去，show“表明”，主语是The long history，时态是一般现在时，所以空处用三单形式，故填shows。 八、书面表达（20分） 假如你是王超，你的英国朋友Katie下个月会来中国旅行，届时她会去她的一位中国朋友家拜访。她给你发来电子邮件说她想要了解一些关于中国在这方面的风俗礼仪。请你根据下面思维导图中的内容提示给Katie回一封电子邮件。 要求：1. 电邮内容包括所有要点提示并适当发挥；2. 80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3. 文中不要出现真实的人名和校名。 Dear Katie, I’m happy that you’ll come to China soon. I’m looking forward to that exciting moment. Now let me tell you some customs in China. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope my words will be useful for you to have a good time in China. Yours, Wang Chao 【答案】例文： Dear Katie, I’m happy that you’ll come to China soon. I’m looking forward to that exciting moment. Now let me tell you some customs in China. Firstly, you are supposed to shake hands if you meet your friend’s family for the first time. What’s more, you should take some gifts, such as flowers, fruits and so on. Also, you are expected to be on time, or a few minutes early. Secondly, when you’re at table, you are not supposed to stick chopsticks into food or start eating first if there are old people at the table. It’s impolite to do so. At last, you shouldn’t stay too long after dinner, and remember to thank them for their treat. I hope my words will be useful for you to have a good time in China. Yours, Wang Chao 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一封电子邮件； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏思维导图中所给的风俗要点，适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，题干开头结尾已给出，直接具体阐述写作内容，先进行会见时相关风俗礼仪的描述“握手、带礼物”。 第二步，描写餐桌礼仪“筷子不能插在饭上、有老人不能先吃”。 第三步，描写饭后礼仪“不要待太久、表示感谢”。 [亮点词汇] ① are supposed to shake hands应该握手 ② are expected to be on time被期待准时 ③ stick chopsticks into food把筷子插进饭里 ④ thank them for their treat感谢他们的招待 [高分句型] ① Firstly, you are supposed to shake hands if you meet your friend’s family for the first time.（if引导条件状语从句） ② Secondly, when you’re at table, you are not supposed to stick chopsticks into food or start eating first if there are old people at the table.（when引导时间状语从句，主句中含if引导的条件状语从句） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$