Unit 7 International charities【速记清单】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元速记·巧练（牛津译林版）

Unit 7 International charities Unit7 话题 慈善组织介绍 词汇 1.教育n. education →教育,教导vt.&vi. educate 2.权利n. right 3.扩散;分布;展开n. spread 4.采访者n. interviewer →采访v. interview 5.失明n. blindness →瞎的adj. blind 6.病人n. patient →有耐心的adj. patient 7.读者n. reader →阅读v. read 8.医学;药n. medicine →医学的,医疗的adj. medical 9.战争n. war 10.事情,问题n. matter 11.检查n. check 12.秘书n. secretary 13.印度n. India →印度的adj. Indian →印度人n. Indian 14.官员n. officer →办公室,职务n. office 短语 1.在飞机(船、火车)上　on board  2.去看病 go to hospital  3.给某人做手术operate on  4.继续开展;继续下去carry on  5.取出;拿出take out  6.走开,离开go away  7.为……提供……provide...for... 8.为……付款 pay for  9.在贫困地区 in poor areas  10.建立,设立set up  11.数百万计millions of  12.分发,提出 hand out  13.决定make up one’s mind  14.担任某项工作work as  15.因为,由于because of  16.搜查 search for  17.在……末端 at the end of  18.习惯于某事 get used to  19.害怕某事be afraid of  20.培训为train as  21.了解,熟知 learn about  22.建设,建立 set up  句型 I’m too weak to walk any further. 我太虚弱了，走不动了。 It works for the equal rights of girls and women too. 它也为女孩和妇女的平等权利而工作。 I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives. 能够帮助人们重建光明冰改善他们的生活我很骄傲。 But more money is needed to carry on with our work. 但是我们需要更多的钱来继续我们的工作。 At that time, many children’s lives were changed because of the war, and UNICEF wanted to help them. 那时，许多孩子的生活因战争而改变，联合国儿童基金会想要帮助他们。 Take this medicine after meals three times a day. 饭后服药，一天三次。 You’ll be all right in a few days. 几天后，你将会好的。 She is getting used to travelling. 她习惯了乘飞机旅行。 语法 被动语态 写作 志愿活动的计划或者参加经历 考点 1.left 1. have some pocket money left. 剩一些零花钱。 left adj.剩下的,余下的,在句中作后置定语 leave for sp.动身去某地 leave sth+地点 把某物落在某地 leave sth+形容词/介词短语/doing 使得某物处于...状态 sb do sth：让某人做… have sth to do：有事要做 sth done：让…做某事 have sth left：有某物被留下，被剩下 【例句】a man called/named Tom 一位叫作／名为汤姆的男子 a book written by Lu Xun 一本由鲁迅写的书 【经典练】 1．—Tim, how long ________ you ________ your hometown? —For nearly twenty years. It has changed a lot. A．did; leave B．have; left C．had; left D．have; been away from 2．Today I ________ to bring my homework to school. I ________ it at home. A．left; forgot B．forgot; left C．leave; forget D．forget; leave 考点2. especially adv.特别，尤其 2. It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world. 用法解析：especially adv. 尤其；特别 例. I’m especially fond of pop music. 我特别喜欢音乐。 用法辨析：especially与specially 区别 （1）especially是副词，意为“尤其”、“特别”，通常用来对前面所述的事件进行进一步的说明或补充。 例:He likes all subjects,especially English. 他喜欢所有的学科，尤其是英语 [表示喜欢英语的程度很多，不用specially] (2) specially 也是副词，意为“专门地”“特地”，表示“不是为了别的，而只是为了……”，强调唯一目的。 如：He came here specially to say sorry to her. 他特意来这里向她道歉 【经典练】 1．Girls are _________ interested in shopping around. A．special B．especial C．specially D．especially 2．I like the ________ in the restaurant, ________ the beef noodles. A．special; specially B．specials; especially C．specials; specially D．special; especially 考点 3.provide vt. 提供/education 教育/area n. 地区 , 面积 3. It provides basic education for children in poor areas. 用法解析： （1）provide vt. 提供 provide sb with sth.=provide sth for sb. =offer sb sth.=offer sth to sb. 为某人提供某物 例：I am happy that you have provided so many interesting books for us. （2）education 教育 n. [U] educate 动词，意为“教育；培养” educate sb. to do sth. 教育某人做某事 educator 名词，意为“教育工作者；教育家” educational adj. 有教育意义的 an educational CD 例：He has very little education. 他几乎没受过什么教育。 当education特指某个人的教育或某一种或一段教育 可以与不定冠词连用 （3） in poor areas 在贫困地区 area n. 地区 , 面积 【经典练】 1．—The elderly _______ so old that they can’t look after themselves sometimes. —Exactly, so we should _______ them with help. A．is, offer B．are, offer C．are, provide D．is, provide 2．– I hope you can ____ me with some information about the trip? _ Sure. I’ll ___ you the most specific route about it . A．provide, offer B．offer, provide C．provide, provide D．offer, offer 3．—I don’t like the movie which is ________. What about you? —I favor ________ movies, because we can learn a lot from them. A．meaningful; educational B．meaning; successful C．meaningless; education D．meaningless; educational 4．You shouldn’t ________ your daughter at home. She can receive better ________ at school. A．educate; educate B．education; education C．educate; education D．education; educate 5．—Tell me what you have learned in today's geography class, my boy. —OK, Mom. The Himalayas ________ along the southwestern part of China. And the Sahara is about 9,600,000 square kilometers in ________ . A．go; shape B．go; length C．run; area D．run; size 考点 4.right 4. It works for the equal rights of girls and women too.它也为女孩和妇女们争取平等的权利。 adj：正确的，右边的，恰当的 right adv：向右 n：右边，权利 (可数) the right of + n / doing… have the right to do sth：有做…的权利 【例句】Every child has the right to receive education. 【经典练】 1．—Breakfast gives us energy for the whole morning. —________. We should never miss it. A．That’s all right B．That’s right C．All right D．That’s all 2．—I was punished by my teacher for being late. —________ I told you to come on time. A．It’s a piece of cake. B．So did I. C．It serves you right. D．Nothing much. 考点 5.prevent/spread 5. It also works to prevent the spread of some serious diseases, like AIDS,among young people. 它也致力于阻止一些严重疾病在年轻人中的传播，例如艾滋病。 用法解析：1）prevent vt. 阻止 prevent 的名词 prevention prevent sb (from) doing sth =stop sb (from) doing sth = keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 注意:keep做“阻止”之意时介词from不能省。 例：He said this would prevent companies from creating new jobs. 他说这将会阻止公司创造出新工作。 2） spread n.扩散；发布；展开 v. (过去式：spread；过去分词：spread) 例：We should prevent some serious diseases from spreading among young people. 我们应当止一些严重疾病在年轻人中的传播。 【经典练】 1．It’s wise of our government to make laws ________ the people ________ in schools, hospitals and many other public places. A．to protect; to smoke B．to protect; smoking C．to prevent; to smoke D．to prevent; smoking 2．Jack made up his mind to devote his life _________ pollution _________ happily. A．to prevent; to live B．to prevent; from living C．to preventing; to live D．to preventing; from living 3．The news that an earthquake happened in Yunnan ________ throughout China quickly. A．was spread B．spreaded C．spread 4．Because people can find information on the Internet, ideas spread ________. A．quickly B．loudly C．hardly D．nearly 考点 6. interview 6. an interview with an OBRIS doctor(P94) 用法解析：interview n. 采访 have an interview with sb 采访某人 vt. 采访 interview sb 采访某人 interviewer n. 采访者 【经典练】 1．Lu Yao suggested ________ Dr Smith at the expo. A．interviewed B．interview C．interviewing D．to interview 2．—Mr. Wang is very famous in our school. —That's for sure. He ________ by reporters tomorrow. A．interviews B．interviewed C．is interviewed D．will be interviewed 考点 7.mostly / percent/ cured 7.About 285 million people around the world are blind or have other eye problems, mostly in poor areas, and about 80 percent of these cases can be prevented or cured. 用法解析：1）mostly 副词，意为“主要地；大部分地；多半地” 例： I’m mostly at home on Sundays. 周日我多半在家。 用法辨析：mostly 和 most mostly: 只作副词，意为“主要地；大部分；多半” 例： These children are mostly from the city. 这些孩子大部分来自城市。 most： ①形容词，意为“最多的，最高程度的” 例： He has the most friends. 他有最多的朋友。 ②副词，意为“最” 例：I think Maths is the most important of all the subjects. ③名词，意为“大多数，大部分” 例He spent most of the time in playing computer games. 2）per cent百分数，如：80%读作eighty per cent。 当百分数作主语时，谓语动词的形式由百分数后面的名词而定，与“就近原则”相似。 例：①71% of the earth is covered with water. 地球的百分之七十一被水覆盖。 3） cure v. 治愈 cure of 治愈… 例：The doctor devoted himself to the cure of cancer. 这个医生致力于治愈癌症。 用法辨析：(1)cure sb. of one’s illness “治好某人的疾病” 例：The special medicine can cure him of his headache.这种特别的药可以治好他的头疼。 (2)辨析：treat 和 cure 一言辨异：I will try my best to treat him, but I’m not sure whether I can cure him. 我讲尽力为他治疗，但我不能保证我是否能治好他。 【经典练】 1．The number of the children in the school _______ about three hundred. _______ of them _______ from the countryside. A．is；20 percents；are B．is；20 percent；are C．are；20 percent；is D．are；percents；are 2．Seventy-five percent ________ the teachers ________ women teachers in our school. A．of; are B．of;  is C．/; are D．/;  is 3．These doctors and nurses tried their best, but they did not _____ the poor patient. A．cure B．treat C．improve D．help 4．We know that of the cases of blindness can ________. A．per cents; cure B．percent; cured C．per cent; be cured D．percent; are cured 考点8.medical/ treatment 8. However, many people don’t have money for medical treatment. 用法解析:（1）medical adj. 医学的；医疗的， medical history病史 medical treatment医治 medical records病历 medicine n. 医学；内服药 medical examination体检 Chinese medicine中药 medical examiner法医 traditional Chinese medicine中医 take/ have the medicine服药 study medicine学医 （2） treatment n. 治疗 under treatment 治疗中 treat vt.对待; 治疗； 处理； 款待 treat sb as…＝regard sb as…把…看作…；把…视为…， treat n，意为“款待； 招待； 乐事； 乐趣”。 例：Usually they give us some candy as a treat.=Usually they give us a treat of some candy 【经典练】 1． Poor people don’t have money _______ medical treatment. A．of B．for C．to D．as 考点9.volunteer/operate 9. On the plane, volunteer doctors do operations. 用法解析： 1）volunteer n.志愿者 volunteer doctors 志愿者医生 volunteer vi. volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事 voluntary adj. 志愿的 do voluntary work做义工 2）operate v. do an operation on sb.=operate on sb. 给某人做手术 do operations. 做手术 还可表述为have/perform/ carry out operations. 例：The doctor will do an operation on the patient.= The doctor will operate on the patient. 医生将给这个病人做手术。 operate→operation→operating room手术室→operating table手术台　　 operate v.操作，例如：Can you operate computers? 你会操作电脑吗? 【经典练】 1．—What did your sister volunteer her time to do? — She decided _________ there once a week to help kids learn to read. A．volunteering B．to volunteer C．volunteer 2．Volunteering ________ the world warmer. Even small things can make a big difference. A．makes B．make C．made 3．—I have difficulty with this new machine. —You should learn how to operate it. A．keep...off B．make...work C．act...out 考点10.be used as 被用作..... 10. The plane is also used as a teaching centre. 用法解析：be used as 被用作..... be used for + 目的（名词或动词ing）意思是“被用来 ……” 例：A knife is used for cutting things. 刀被用来切东西。 be used by“被（某人）使用”的意思，by后接动词“use”的执行者。 例：Chinese is used by more and more foreigners. 中文被越来越多的外国人使用。 be used in 被用于……方面 例：I hope that the money is used in medical research used to do sth 过去常常做某事 例：He used to go to school by bike. 他过去常骑自行车上学。 be used to do sth 被用来做某事 例:A knife is used to cut things. 刀被用来切东西。 be used to doing sth=get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 例： He is used to drinking a glass of water before breakfast. 【经典练】 1．—How nice the building is! What is it used for? —It _________ as a hotel. But I’m not sure. A．must be used B．is used C．may be used D．will use 2．Mark _________ work as a film-maker, but now he is a writer. A．be used to B．gets used to C．used to be D．used to 考点 11.patient/afford 11. Most of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital.so we have to go to them.(P94) 用法解析：1）patient n. 病人 operate on patients adj. 有耐心的 (反义词 impatient) 用法拓展：be patient of sth. 对某事有耐心；忍耐某事 be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心；容忍某人 例：As a doctor, you should be patient with all the patients. 作为一名医生，你应该对所有的病人有耐心 2）afford sth买得起…；有时间做… 通常与can, could, be able to连用，一般用于否定句、疑问句中。 afford to do sth有足够的钱做某事=have money to do sth 【经典练】 1．—Tom, can you guess what is inside these blind boxes? —Well, anything is possible! But I still think we had better not ________ blind boxes, or we won’t be able to stop buying them. A．be crazy about B．be afraid of C．be patient with D．be sure of 2．Freda ________ us and she is the only one who understands us all the time. A．is hard on B．is patient with C．is strict with 3．My parents can’t afford ________ such a big house. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 4．I can’t afford ________ the expensive house. A．buys B．buying C．to buy D．bought 考点 12.proud adj.骄傲的；自豪的 12. I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives. 用法解析：proud adj.骄傲的；自豪的 pride n.骄傲　　 1　 be proud to do sth因做某事而骄傲/自豪 例：I’m proud to be a member of the team. 我为成为这个团队的一员而感到骄傲。 2　 be/feel proud of…以…为骄傲/自豪 例：He is proud of his achievements. 我为他的成就感到自豪。 3　 be/feel proud＋ that从句，以…为荣 例：She’s proud that her son has so much talent. 4　 be the pride of…是…的骄傲， 例：His great success is the pride of us. 他的巨大的成功是我们的骄傲。 5　 take pride in.......以。。。为傲 例：I take pride in his great success. 我为他的巨大成功而骄傲。 【经典练】 1．— China’s fourth aircraft carrier (航母) is about to undergo sea trials (海试). — Great. We ________ our country. A．are proud of B．are strict with C．are interested in 2．His family are ________ of him, that is to say, he is the ________ of his family. A．proud, proud B．pride, proud C．proud, pride 考点 13.develop 13. Modern medicine is developing quickly. 用法解析：develop v. 发展，发挥 development n. 发展，进展 developing adj. 发展中的 a developing country 一个发展中国家 developed adj. 发达的 a developed country 一个发达国家 【经典练】 1．Beijing ________ an increasing number of cultural and historical parks in recent years. A．develops B．developed C．has developed D．was developing 2．Betty will join a summer camp that she’s looking forward to ________ different kinds of abilities. A．develop B．to develop C．developing D．develops 考点 14.carry on 15. But more money is needed to carry on with our work. 用法解析：carry on 继续，进行或举行某事 carry on a conversation / a discussion / a dialogue carry on with sth＝carry on doing sth continue to do sth 继续做另一件事 continue doing sth继续做同样的事 例：They carried on working, though they were very tired. 【经典练】 1．The age of 5G is coming. Chinese scientists are trying their best ________ the usage in many fields. A．carrying on B．to carry with C．carrying with D．to carry on with 2． If he has_______, he will _______ his research. A．time enough; carry on out B．enough time; carry on with C．enough time; carry with on D．time enough; carry with 一．语法精讲 被动语态的基本知识 1. 语态：英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。 2. 主动语态与被动语态的转化： ①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构；③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。 例： We visited that factory last summer. 主动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 3. 用法： 被动语态常用于以下两种情况： （1）不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者； 例：This cloth is made of cotton. （2）强调动作的承受者。 例：Her bike is stolen. 4. 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态构成： 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are +过去分词 We are taught English by her. 由她教我们英语。 一般过去时 was/were+过去分词 A present was given to me by Mary. 玛丽给了我一件礼物。 知识点2：不用于被动语态的动词 ①不及物动词不用于被动语态，如appear, come out, happen , take place等不及物动词不能用于被动语态。 知识点3：主动形式表被动意义 1） 某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义。如：look, smell, taste, feel, prove, wear, sound等 例：Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.她的卧室看起来非常干净和整洁。 2)某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。 例：The conversation is hard to understand.对这话很难理解。 The fish is not easy to fish.鱼不容易钓。 The passage is difficult to read.这段文章很难读懂。 3)write, sell, wash和read和副词连用，主动语态表被动意义。 例：The pen writes smoothly. 这笔写起来很顺手。 The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。 知识点4：感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice及使役动词let, make, have等，动词后省略to不定式，变为被动语态时，应加上不定式符合to. 例：I always see the boys play in the park. (变成被动语态) The boys are always seen to play by me in the park. 2、 单元写作 本单元写作要求同学们能用所学的词语和句型简单地书写关于联合国儿童基金会工作的报告。介绍的内容主要为受益人过去的情况、转变、接受援助后的情况、以及展望等。在具体的写作中，学生应做到以下几点： 1. 能用一般过去时介绍某个慈善组织的成立概况、改变的契机和受益人过去的情况； 2. 能用一般现在时介绍受益人现在的情况； 3. 能利用多种句式丰富内容。 【词汇积累】 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.the Students’ Union学生会 2.charity project慈善工程 3. millions of百万的······ 4. because of sth.因为 5. want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 6. work as作为，担任 7. prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 8. feel well感觉舒服 9. nothing serious没有什么严重的 【句式积累】 ※ 开头句 1. 我们写信是为了申请传统艺术博览会的许可。 We are writing to ask permission for the traditional art fair. 2. 上周我们学校为糖画组织了一个慈善博览会。现在让我来介绍一下糖画！ Our school organized a charity fair for Sugar Painting last week. Now let me introduce sugar painting! 3. 上周我们学校组织了一次慈善步行活动，为贫困地区的孩子们筹集资金。 Last week our school organized a charity walk to raise money for children in poor areas. 4.“让阅读走进生活”活动在江都拉开帷幕。 The activity of Letting Reading into Life has started in Jiangdu. 5.我是王琳，一个得到联合国儿童基金会帮助的女孩。 I’m Wang Lin, a girl who was helped by UNICEF. 6. 为了帮助贫困学生，我们学校于5月4日在学校体育中心举办了一场活动。 In order to help the poor students, our school had an activity in the school sports center on May 4th. 7. 作为社区志愿者，我和同学们去了阳光疗养院做了一些志愿者工作。 As community volunteer, my classmates and I went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some voluntary work. 8. 希望工程成立于1989年。它旨在帮助贫困地区的儿童。 Project Hope was established in 1989. It aims at helping children in poor areas. 9.不久前，来自无锡的八位青年沿着大运河进行了一次慈善自行车之旅。 Not long ago, eight young people from Wuxi made a charity bicycle trip along the Grand Canal. ※ 中间句 1. 我家太穷了，我小时候不能上学。我不得不找份工作挣点钱来帮助父母养家。 My family was so poor that I couldn’t go to school when I was young. And I had to find a job to earn some money to help my parents support my family. 2. 有一天，让我惊讶的是，联合国儿童基金会的一名工作人员来到我家。 One day, to my surprise, a worker of UNICEF came to my home. 3.我们收集了很多种东西，比如书、字典、衣服和书包。 We collected many kinds of things, such as books, dictionaries, clothes and schoolbags. 4.我们一到，就向老人敬献了鲜花和水果，并立即开始工作，比如擦窗户、扫地。 As soon as we arrived, we presented flowers and fruits to the old man and started working immediately, such as cleaning windows and sweeping the floor. 5.我的工作主要是从贫困地区挑选孩子并记录下来。 My work is mainly to select children from poor areas and record them. 6. 他们此行的目的是为希望工程筹集资金。 The purpose of their trip was to raise money for Project Hope. 7. 尽管旅途漫长而艰难，但他们一路精神抖擞。 Though the ride was long and tough, they went all the way in high spirits. 8. 它为许多国家的贫困儿童提供清洁的水、食物和教育。 It provides clean water, food and education for poor children in many countries. 9.人们可以通过捐款或其他方式、出售圣诞卡或组织其他慈善活动来支持联合国儿童基金会。 People can support UNICEF by donating money or other things, selling Christmas cards or organizing other charity activities. ※ 结尾句 1. 我决定回到家乡当一名教师，让许多其他孩子接受良好的教育，让我们的家乡变得越来越强大。 I decide to be a teacher back in my hometown to make many other children get good education and make our hometown stronger and stronger. 2. 我觉得这次活动很有意义。它可以帮助贫穷的孩子得到他们想要的东西。 I think this activity is very meaningful. It can help poor children get the things they want. 3. 我们的所作所为给别人带来了欢乐，也丰富了我自己的生活。 What we did brought joy to others and enriched my own life. 4. 我非常喜欢这份工作，因为我认为帮助那些孩子是非常快乐和有意义的。 I like this job very much, because I think it is very happy and meaningful to help those children. 5. 他们为自己的所作所为感到骄傲。这是一次他们永远不会忘记的不同寻常的经历。 They were proud of what they had done. It is an unusual experience that they will never forget. 6. 我认为我们应该尽力帮助所有需要帮助的孩子。这是一项有意义的工作。 I think we should try our best to help all the children in need. It is meaningful work. 7. 当我们完成所有的工作时，我们很累，但同时也感到非常高兴。 When we finished all the work, we were very tired but felt very happy at the same time. 8.我们不仅帮助贫困儿童，而且学到了很多东西。 We not only help the poor children, but also learn a lot. 【谚语积累】 1. Doing good is an unconscious sowing. 行善是一种无意识的播种。 2. People who help others can receive their help. 帮助别人的人，能得到别人的帮助。 3. Light a lamp for others, illuminate others, and also illuminate oneself. 为别人点一盏灯，照亮别人，也照亮了自己。 4. Everyone picks up firewood and the flames will be high. 众人拾柴火焰高。 5. A bit of heat can even produce a bit of light. 有一分热，发一分光。 典例： 近年来，我区一直在推广“书香江都，让阅读走进生活”活动，这一活动的实施使市民的生活发生了很大的变化。假如你是李华，请用英文写一封信，向你的美国笔友Tom介绍近年来江都打造“书香城市”的变化与影响。请根据下面的信息完成这封信。 变化 过去：借书地方少，书籍种类缺乏…… 现在：社区有阅览室供居民借阅书籍；江都新图书馆开放，有多种书籍…… 影响 越来越多的人认识到阅读的重要性：使人愉悦，益于学习； 你的感受 ……（至少两点） 注意事项：1. 要求语句通顺、意思连贯，可根据自己的认识，适当增加细节； 2. 词数在90个左右，信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 信中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息。 Dear Tom, I’m Li Hua. The activity of Letting Reading into Life has started in Jiangdu.   __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope you can enjoy the world of books with me together. Yours, Li Hua 【审题思路】 ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文，格式是书信格式； ② 时态：时态主要是“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：写作要点已经给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点，也要补充自己的两点感受，注意突出重点。 【写作步骤】 第一步，表明写作意图，以“想介绍这个活动”引出下文关于阅读情况的变化； 第二步，重点阐述过去和现在变化，注意时态的改变，以及表明活动对人们的影响； 第三步，抒发自己的感受，表达自己对这个活动的喜爱之情。 【佳作欣赏】 Dear Tom, I’m Li Hua. The activity of Letting Reading into Life has started in Jiangdu. I’d like to tell you something about this activity. In the past, there weren’t many places for people to borrow books from. And there weren’t many kinds of books. It was really inconvenient. But now, people can borrow books easily. There are reading rooms in our neighbourhoods and the new library in Jiangdu is open for everyone. Many kinds of books can be found there. With this activity, more and more people know the importance of reading. We find that reading makes us happy and it is beneficial for our study. I love this activity because I can find more information about study and I can know more about the world through books. At the same time, I won’t spend too much time on computer games and phones. It is really helpful and useful. I hope you can enjoy the world of books with me together. Yours, Li Hua 【高分句型】 ① There are reading rooms in our neighbourhoods and the new library in Jiangdu is open for everyone.（there be句型） ② We find that reading makes us happy and it is beneficial for our study.（that引导的宾语从句） ③ I love this activity because I can find more information about study and I can know more about the world through books.（because引导的原因状语从句） Unit 7　International charities 一、重点单词 1.education n. 教育 2.right n. 权利 3.spread n. 扩散;分布;展开 4.blindness n. 失明 5.patient n. 病人 6.reader n. 读者 7.interviewer n. 采访者 8.medicine n. 医学;药 9.case n. 病例;案例 10.treatment n. 治疗 11.leaflet n. 传单 12.basic adj. 基本的 13.medical adj. 医学的;医疗的 14.equal adj. 平等的 15.especially adv. 特别,尤其 16.mostly adv. 主要地,大部分地 17.afford vt. 买得起;能做 18.develop vi.&vt. 发展;加强 19.hold vt. 举行 20.set vt.&vi. 创建,建立 21.treat vt. 治疗;处理 22.cure vt. 治愈 23.operate vi. 做手术 24.including prep. 包括,包含 25.war 　n. 战争 26.matter n. 事情,问题 27.check n. 检查 28.secretary n. 秘书 29.India n. 印度 30.officer n. 官员 31.organize vt. 组织 32.pale adj. 苍白的 二、重点短语 1.为…所需要 be needed for 2.还剩下点零花钱 have some pocket money left 3.加油,得了吧 come on 4.为每个人建造一个更好的世界 build a better world for everyone 5.为孩子们提供基础教育 provide basic education for children 6.为了…的平等权力而努力 work for the equal rights of… 7.预防一些严重疾病的蔓延 prevent the spread of some serious diseases 8.在一些年轻人中 among young people 9.采访某人 have an interview with sb / interview sb 10.对…感兴趣 be interested in / show /have an interest in 11.告知我们一些有关失明的事情 tell us sth about blindness 12.大约80%的案例 about 80 percent of these cases 13.没钱用于医疗护理 have no money for medical treatment 14.对某人做手术 do an operation on sb / operate on sb 15.被用作培训中心 be used as a training center 16.负担得起做某事 afford to do sth 17.邀请某人登机invite sb on board 18.对…感到自豪 be proud of sth=take pride in 19.自豪地做某事 be proud to do sth 20.中医 Chinese medicine 21.现代医药 modern medicine 22.治愈某人…病 cure sb of sth 23.继续我们的工作carry on with our work 24.医疗 medical treatment ; 一支医疗队 a medical team 25.在治疗中under treatment 26.分发传单给… hand out leaflets to sb 27.为..筹钱 raise /collect money for 28.建立一个组织 set up an organization 29.一些慈善项目 some charity projects 30.在某人的帮助下with one’s help /with the help of 31.联合国的部分 part of the United Nations 32.阻止他们得病 prevent them form getting illnesses 33.一个健康中心 a health centre 34.某人怎么啦? What’s the matter /the trouble/wrong with sb.? 35.承担不起去看病 can’t afford to go to hospital 36.让我检查一下 let me have a check 37.没什么严重的 it’s/ there is nothing serious 38.饭后服药一日三次 take this medicine after meals three times a day 39.把…分成…. divide ….into… 40.把…从…中分离出去 separate…from 41吃一顿丰盛的饭have a big meal 42.帮助他们重见光明 help them see again 43.不断地问自己 keep asking myself 44.发出很多的嘈闹声 make a lot of / much noise 45.一家公司的秘书 a secretary of a company 46.开车去上班 drive to work 47.旅行去… travel to 48.害怕乘飞机 be afraid of flying 49.将我作为孩子对待 treat me as a child 50.上课 attend courses 51习惯于做 be used to doing 52.被用来做 be used to do 53.整天在农场工作 work on the farm all day 54.当地人的情况the conditions of the local people 55.学生会 the Students’ Union 56离开 go away 57.无论如何 in any case 58.万一 in case ]59.空中眼科医院 a Flying Eye Hospital 60.主要在贫穷地区 mostly in poor areas 61使得世界成为孩子们更好的地方 make the world a better place for children 62.害怕做某事be afraid to do sth 63.下定决心做某事 make up one’s mind to do 64.看起来苍白得多 look paler 65. 我请客It's my treat 三、重点句型 1.到吃午饭的时间了。 It’s time for lunch. 2.之后我们可以吃一顿丰盛的午餐。 We can have a big lunch after that. 3.我太虚弱,走不动了。 I’m too weak to walk any further.  4.它为贫困地区的孩子提供基础教育。 It provides basic education for children in poor areas. 5.还有其他的方式帮助他们吗? Are there any other ways to help them? 6.我们的许多病人承担不起看病的费用,所以我们得去他们那里。 Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. 7.我为帮助人们重见光明而且改善他们的生活而自豪。 I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives. 8.通过培训他们,我们希望帮助更多的人。 By training them, we hope to help more people. 9.乐施会于1942年在英国成立。第一个乐施会商店在1948年开业。 Oxfam was set up in the UK in 1942 ,and the first Oxfam shop was opened in 1948. 10.在它的帮助下,全国数以百万计的贫穷的孩子接受到基础教育。 With its help, millions of poor children all over the country were given basic education. 11.每天三次,饭后服药。 Take this medicine after meals three times a day. 12.几天后你就会好的。 You’ll be all right in a few days. 13.他不过就我小手指那么大点! He was the same size as my little finger! 14.他们很吵闹,因此我必须大声说话。 They were making a lot of noise so I had to speak loudly. 15.她害怕飞行。 She was afraid of flying. 16.因此她决定接受护士培训。 So she made up her mind to train as a nurse. 17.她习惯于乘飞机旅行。 She is getting used to travelling by plane. 18.她的钱不如以前多,但是她认为她的生活更有意义。 She does not have as much money as before, but she thinks her life is more meaningful. 19.春天植树。 Trees are planted in spring. 四、语法知识 1.被动语态(I) 被动语态的般现在时和一般过去时 语态是动词的一种形式， 表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。 ①当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。如: We clean the classroom every day.我们每天都打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned (by us) everyday.教室每天都被(我们)打扫。 ②被动语态的基本用法： 1. 动作的执行者是泛指或不言自明时。如 None of the books was taken away.没有一本书被拿走。 2. 在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。如: The toy is designed for children.这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。 3.需要强调动作的承受者时。如: My bike was repaired.我的自行车修好了。 4.出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。如: This problem was talked about just now.这个问题刚才被讨论过。 5. 在被动语态的句子中，如果我们需要指出动作的执行者，可以由by引出。如: Mr Wu is liked by all of his students.所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。 ＊注意:有些动词常用被动语态。如 He was born in Nanjing. 他生于南京。 This mobile phone was made in China.这部手机是中国制造的。 ＊注意: ①有些动词，其主动语态形式含有被动意义。如:系动词smell、taste、 sound、feel等 。 The dish smells good.这道菜闻起来很香。 The music sounds nice.这段音乐听起来不错。 还有一些不及物动词，常用主动语态，和well、 easily等副词连用，含有被动意义。如: read、write、 draw、sell、 wash、cook、clean等。 The books sell well.这些书很畅销。 The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑。 ②在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态句式中，动词不定式的to常省去，但是在被动语态中要加上to。 $$ Unit 7 International charities Unit7 话题 慈善组织介绍 词汇 1.教育n. education →教育,教导vt.&vi. educate 2.权利n. right 3.扩散;分布;展开n. spread 4.采访者n. interviewer →采访v. interview 5.失明n. blindness →瞎的adj. blind 6.病人n. patient →有耐心的adj. patient 7.读者n. reader →阅读v. read 8.医学;药n. medicine →医学的,医疗的adj. medical 9.战争n. war 10.事情,问题n. matter 11.检查n. check 12.秘书n. secretary 13.印度n. India →印度的adj. Indian →印度人n. Indian 14.官员n. officer →办公室,职务n. office 短语 1.在飞机(船、火车)上　on board  2.去看病 go to hospital  3.给某人做手术operate on  4.继续开展;继续下去carry on  5.取出;拿出take out  6.走开,离开go away  7.为……提供……provide...for... 8.为……付款 pay for  9.在贫困地区 in poor areas  10.建立,设立set up  11.数百万计millions of  12.分发,提出 hand out  13.决定make up one’s mind  14.担任某项工作work as  15.因为,由于because of  16.搜查 search for  17.在……末端 at the end of  18.习惯于某事 get used to  19.害怕某事be afraid of  20.培训为train as  21.了解,熟知 learn about  22.建设,建立 set up  句型 I’m too weak to walk any further. 我太虚弱了，走不动了。 It works for the equal rights of girls and women too. 它也为女孩和妇女的平等权利而工作。 I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives. 能够帮助人们重建光明冰改善他们的生活我很骄傲。 But more money is needed to carry on with our work. 但是我们需要更多的钱来继续我们的工作。 At that time, many children’s lives were changed because of the war, and UNICEF wanted to help them. 那时，许多孩子的生活因战争而改变，联合国儿童基金会想要帮助他们。 Take this medicine after meals three times a day. 饭后服药，一天三次。 You’ll be all right in a few days. 几天后，你将会好的。 She is getting used to travelling. 她习惯了乘飞机旅行。 语法 被动语态 写作 志愿活动的计划或者参加经历 考点 1.left 1. have some pocket money left. 剩一些零花钱。 left adj.剩下的,余下的,在句中作后置定语 leave for sp.动身去某地 leave sth+地点 把某物落在某地 leave sth+形容词/介词短语/doing 使得某物处于...状态 sb do sth：让某人做… have sth to do：有事要做 sth done：让…做某事 have sth left：有某物被留下，被剩下 【例句】a man called/named Tom 一位叫作／名为汤姆的男子 a book written by Lu Xun 一本由鲁迅写的书 【经典练】 1．—Tim, how long ________ you ________ your hometown? —For nearly twenty years. It has changed a lot. A．did; leave B．have; left C．had; left D．have; been away from 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——蒂姆，你离开家乡多久了？——差不多二十年了。它已经改变了很多。考查时态。根据“For nearly twenty years.”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，left为短暂性动词，此处要用延续性动词be away。故选D。 2．Today I ________ to bring my homework to school. I ________ it at home. A．left; forgot B．forgot; left C．leave; forget D．forget; leave 【答案】B 【详解】句意：今天我忘记带作业到学校了。我把它忘在家里了。考查动词辨析。leave离开，留下，过去式是left；forget忘记，过去式是forgot。根据“I ... to bring my homework to school”可知，表示forget to do sth“忘记做某事”，忘记带作业到学校，此处是发生过的事情，因此填过去式forgot；第二空表示将某物忘在某处常用动词leave，过去式是left。故选B。 考点2. especially adv.特别，尤其 2. It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world. 用法解析：especially adv. 尤其；特别 例. I’m especially fond of pop music. 我特别喜欢音乐。 用法辨析：especially与specially 区别 （1）especially是副词，意为“尤其”、“特别”，通常用来对前面所述的事件进行进一步的说明或补充。 例:He likes all subjects,especially English. 他喜欢所有的学科，尤其是英语 [表示喜欢英语的程度很多，不用specially] (2) specially 也是副词，意为“专门地”“特地”，表示“不是为了别的，而只是为了……”，强调唯一目的。 如：He came here specially to say sorry to her. 他特意来这里向她道歉 【经典练】 1．Girls are _________ interested in shopping around. A．special B．especial C．specially D．especially 【答案】D 【详解】句意：女孩子对逛街特别感兴趣。special特别的，是形容词；especial特殊的，是形容词；specially 特意地，专门地；especially特别，尤其；此处修饰形容词interested，故用副词，表示特别喜欢，故用especially。故选D。 2．I like the ________ in the restaurant, ________ the beef noodles. A．special; specially B．specials; especially C．specials; specially D．special; especially 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢这家餐馆的特色菜，尤其是牛肉面。考查名词用法和副词辨析。special特殊的(形容词)；特色菜(可数名词)；especially尤其；specially专门地。定冠词the后应跟名词形式，且此处应用名词复数表示泛指，所以排除AD选项；空二表示“尤其是牛肉面”，用副词especially。故选B。 考点 3.provide vt. 提供/education 教育/area n. 地区 , 面积 3. It provides basic education for children in poor areas. 用法解析： （1）provide vt. 提供 provide sb with sth.=provide sth for sb. =offer sb sth.=offer sth to sb. 为某人提供某物 例：I am happy that you have provided so many interesting books for us. （2）education 教育 n. [U] educate 动词，意为“教育；培养” educate sb. to do sth. 教育某人做某事 educator 名词，意为“教育工作者；教育家” educational adj. 有教育意义的 an educational CD 例：He has very little education. 他几乎没受过什么教育。 当education特指某个人的教育或某一种或一段教育 可以与不定冠词连用 （3） in poor areas 在贫困地区 area n. 地区 , 面积 【经典练】 1．—The elderly _______ so old that they can’t look after themselves sometimes. —Exactly, so we should _______ them with help. A．is, offer B．are, offer C．are, provide D．is, provide 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——年人太老了，有时不能照顾自己。——没错，所以我们应该向他们提供帮助。考查主谓一致及固定结构。the +adj.表示一类人；the elderly老年人，表示复数，故be动词用are，排除A、D；offer sb. sth. =offer sth. to sb.给某人提供某物，固定结构，排除B；provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.给某人提供某物，固定结构。故选C。 2．– I hope you can ____ me with some information about the trip? _ Sure. I’ll ___ you the most specific route about it . A．provide, offer B．offer, provide C．provide, provide D．offer, offer 【答案】A 【详解】offer:主动提供；重点在于主动; offer to do:主动做某事。搭配：offer sb. sth./ offer sth. to sb. provide:大批量地提供。搭配：provide sth. for sb./ provide sb. with sth. 3．—I don’t like the movie which is ________. What about you? —I favor ________ movies, because we can learn a lot from them. A．meaningful; educational B．meaning; successful C．meaningless; education D．meaningless; educational 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我不喜欢这部毫无意义的电影。那你呢？——我喜欢教育电影，因为我们可以从中学到很多东西。考查形容词辨析和形容词的用法。meaningful有意义的；meaning意义；educational有教育意义的；education教育；successful成功的；meaningless无意义的。根据“I don’t like the movie which is”可知不喜欢无意义的电影，作表语用形容词meaningless；根据“movies, because we can learn a lot from them.”可知喜欢有教育意义的电影，修饰名词用形容词educational。故选D。 4．You shouldn’t ________ your daughter at home. She can receive better ________ at school. A．educate; educate B．education; education C．educate; education D．education; educate 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你不应该在家教育你的女儿。她应该在学校接受更好的教育。考查词义辨析。educate教育，动词；education教育，名词。第一个空情态动词+动词的原形，故用动词；第二个空作宾语，故用名词。故选C。 5．—Tell me what you have learned in today's geography class, my boy. —OK, Mom. The Himalayas ________ along the southwestern part of China. And the Sahara is about 9,600,000 square kilometers in ________ . A．go; shape B．go; length C．run; area D．run; size 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——孩子，告诉我今天地理课上你学到了什么？——好的，妈妈。喜马拉雅山脉绵延于中国西南地区，撒哈拉面积大约960万平方公里。考查动词和名词辨析。go along沿着走，run along延伸，绵延；喜马拉雅山脉绵延于中国西南地区；shape形状；length长度；area面积，地区；size号码；根据“ 9,600,000 square kilometers ”，可知面积960万平方公里；故选C。 考点 4.right 4. It works for the equal rights of girls and women too.它也为女孩和妇女们争取平等的权利。 adj：正确的，右边的，恰当的 right adv：向右 n：右边，权利 (可数) the right of + n / doing… have the right to do sth：有做…的权利 【例句】Every child has the right to receive education. 【经典练】 1．—Breakfast gives us energy for the whole morning. —________. We should never miss it. A．That’s all right B．That’s right C．All right D．That’s all 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——早餐为我们提供了整个上午的能量。——没错。我们永远不应该错过它。考查情景交际。That’s all right没关系；That’s right没错；All right可以；That’s all就这些。根据“Breakfast gives us energy for the whole morning.”以及“We should never miss it.”可知，此处表示认为对方说的观点或见解是正确的，B项符合。故选B。 2．—I was punished by my teacher for being late. —________ I told you to come on time. A．It’s a piece of cake. B．So did I. C．It serves you right. D．Nothing much. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——因为迟到我被老师惩罚了。——你活该。我告诉过你准时到。考查情景交际。It’s a piece of cake.小菜一碟；So did I.我也是；It serves you right.活该，自作自受；Nothing much.没什么。根据“I was punished by my teacher for being late.”及“I told you to come on time.”可知，已经告诉对方要准时到，但还是迟到了，所以觉得对方是自作自受。故选C。 考点 5.prevent/spread 5. It also works to prevent the spread of some serious diseases, like AIDS,among young people. 它也致力于阻止一些严重疾病在年轻人中的传播，例如艾滋病。 用法解析：1）prevent vt. 阻止 prevent 的名词 prevention prevent sb (from) doing sth =stop sb (from) doing sth = keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 注意:keep做“阻止”之意时介词from不能省。 例：He said this would prevent companies from creating new jobs. 他说这将会阻止公司创造出新工作。 2） spread n.扩散；发布；展开 v. (过去式：spread；过去分词：spread) 例：We should prevent some serious diseases from spreading among young people. 我们应当止一些严重疾病在年轻人中的传播。 【经典练】 1．It’s wise of our government to make laws ________ the people ________ in schools, hospitals and many other public places. A．to protect; to smoke B．to protect; smoking C．to prevent; to smoke D．to prevent; smoking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的政府制定法律阻止人们在学校、医院和其他许多公共场所吸烟是很明智的。考查动词辨析及非谓语动词。protect保护；prevent阻止。根据“It’s wise of our government to make laws...the people...in schools...”可知，第一空应用不定式表目的，制定法律的目的是为了……，第二空是短语prevent sb. (from) doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，即制定法律的目的是为了阻止人们在公共场所吸烟，故选D。 2．Jack made up his mind to devote his life _________ pollution _________ happily. A．to prevent; to live B．to prevent; from living C．to preventing; to live D．to preventing; from living 【答案】C 【详解】句意：杰克下定决心要把他的一生奉献给防止污染，以便过上幸福的生活。考查非谓语动词。prevent阻止；live生活。devote one’s life to doing sth奉献一生做某事；因此第一空用to preventing；第二空根据句意，可知，他防止污染，是为了过上幸福的生活，因此用动词不定式表示目的，故选C。 3．The news that an earthquake happened in Yunnan ________ throughout China quickly. A．was spread B．spreaded C．spread 【答案】C 【详解】句意：云南发生地震的消息很快传遍了中国。考查动词时态和语态。spread“传播”，通常用主动表示被动，spread的过去式还是spread，故选C。 4．Because people can find information on the Internet, ideas spread ________. A．quickly B．loudly C．hardly D．nearly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：因为人们能在网上找到信息，想法传播得非常快。考查副词。quickly快地；loudly大声地；hardly几乎不；nearly几乎。根据“Because people can find information on the Internet”可知，在网上传播想法和信息的速度很快，故选A。 考点 6. interview 6. an interview with an OBRIS doctor(P94) 用法解析：interview n. 采访 have an interview with sb 采访某人 vt. 采访 interview sb 采访某人 interviewer n. 采访者 【经典练】 1．Lu Yao suggested ________ Dr Smith at the expo. A．interviewed B．interview C．interviewing D．to interview 【答案】C 【详解】句意：路遥建议在世博会上采访史密斯博士。考查非谓语动词。interviewed采访，过去式或过去分词；interview采访，动词原形；interviewing采访，动名词或现在分词形式；to interview为动词不定式。根据“Lu Yao suggested…Dr Smith at the expo.”可知，suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”，动词短语，此处应用interviewing。故选C。 2．—Mr. Wang is very famous in our school. —That's for sure. He ________ by reporters tomorrow. A．interviews B．interviewed C．is interviewed D．will be interviewed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——王先生在我们学校很有名。——那是肯定的。他明天将接受记者的采访。考查时态和语态。interviews一般现在时主动语态；interviewed一般过去时主动语态；is interviewed一般现在时被动语态；will be interviewed一般将来时被动语态。根据句意及by reporters可知，主语he和谓语动词interview之间是被动关系；又因为时间状语为tomorrow，所以应用一般将来时的被动语态will be done，故选D。 考点 7.mostly / percent/ cured 7.About 285 million people around the world are blind or have other eye problems, mostly in poor areas, and about 80 percent of these cases can be prevented or cured. 用法解析：1）mostly 副词，意为“主要地；大部分地；多半地” 例： I’m mostly at home on Sundays. 周日我多半在家。 用法辨析：mostly 和 most mostly: 只作副词，意为“主要地；大部分；多半” 例： These children are mostly from the city. 这些孩子大部分来自城市。 most： ①形容词，意为“最多的，最高程度的” 例： He has the most friends. 他有最多的朋友。 ②副词，意为“最” 例：I think Maths is the most important of all the subjects. ③名词，意为“大多数，大部分” 例He spent most of the time in playing computer games. 2）per cent百分数，如：80%读作eighty per cent。 当百分数作主语时，谓语动词的形式由百分数后面的名词而定，与“就近原则”相似。 例：①71% of the earth is covered with water. 地球的百分之七十一被水覆盖。 3） cure v. 治愈 cure of 治愈… 例：The doctor devoted himself to the cure of cancer. 这个医生致力于治愈癌症。 用法辨析：(1)cure sb. of one’s illness “治好某人的疾病” 例：The special medicine can cure him of his headache.这种特别的药可以治好他的头疼。 (2)辨析：treat 和 cure 一言辨异：I will try my best to treat him, but I’m not sure whether I can cure him. 我讲尽力为他治疗，但我不能保证我是否能治好他。 【经典练】 1．The number of the children in the school _______ about three hundred. _______ of them _______ from the countryside. A．is；20 percents；are B．is；20 percent；are C．are；20 percent；is D．are；percents；are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个学校的学生大约有三百人。其中百分之二十来自乡下。考查主谓一致。is是，be的三单形式；are是，用于第二人称单复数现在时，第一、三人称复数现在时；20 percent百分之二十；20 percents错误表达，percent不用复数形式；percents百分比，复数名词。“the number of+名词复数”作主语时，表示的是某一类人或物的数量，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，因此第一空应填is；此外，百分数的表达为：基数词+percent，因此第二空应填20 percent；“百分数+名词或代词”作主语时，动词依据名词或代词的“数”而定。主语中的them指代学生，为复数，则动词用复数形式，即第三空应填are。故选B。 2．Seventy-five percent ________ the teachers ________ women teachers in our school. A．of; are B．of;  is C．/; are D．/;  is 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们学校的老师中有75%都是女教师。考查介词的用法和主谓一致。“百分之几的……”用短语“数字+percent of+名词”来表示，百分数修饰名词作主语时，单复数取决于名词的单复数；主语是复数，故谓语动词用复数。故选A。 3．These doctors and nurses tried their best, but they did not _____ the poor patient. A．cure B．treat C．improve D．help 【答案】A 【详解】句意“这些医生和护士尽他们最大的努力，但他们没有治愈这个可怜的病人”。A.治愈；B.对待C.提高；D.帮助。根据句意可知，指的是“治愈病人”，故选A。 4．We know that of the cases of blindness can ________. A．per cents; cure B．percent; cured C．per cent; be cured D．percent; are cured 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：在英语中当表示百分之几时，应该用数字+percent/per cent，其中percent不能用复数，故排除A；根据can后面应该跟动词原形可知，应该用be，故排除BD。所以本题选C。 考点8.medical/ treatment 8. However, many people don’t have money for medical treatment. 用法解析:（1）medical adj. 医学的；医疗的， medical history病史 medical treatment医治 medical records病历 medicine n. 医学；内服药 medical examination体检 Chinese medicine中药 medical examiner法医 traditional Chinese medicine中医 take/ have the medicine服药 study medicine学医 （2） treatment n. 治疗 under treatment 治疗中 treat vt.对待; 治疗； 处理； 款待 treat sb as…＝regard sb as…把…看作…；把…视为…， treat n，意为“款待； 招待； 乐事； 乐趣”。 例：Usually they give us some candy as a treat.=Usually they give us a treat of some candy 【经典练】 1． Poor people don’t have money _______ medical treatment. A．of B．for C．to D．as 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：穷人们没有足够的钱来支付医疗费用。of......的； for为了； to向； as作为；此处表示有钱支付用短语have money for sth，故选B。 考点9.volunteer/operate 9. On the plane, volunteer doctors do operations. 用法解析： 1）volunteer n.志愿者 volunteer doctors 志愿者医生 volunteer vi. volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事 voluntary adj. 志愿的 do voluntary work做义工 2）operate v. do an operation on sb.=operate on sb. 给某人做手术 do operations. 做手术 还可表述为have/perform/ carry out operations. 例：The doctor will do an operation on the patient.= The doctor will operate on the patient. 医生将给这个病人做手术。 operate→operation→operating room手术室→operating table手术台　　 operate v.操作，例如：Can you operate computers? 你会操作电脑吗? 【经典练】 1．—What did your sister volunteer her time to do? — She decided _________ there once a week to help kids learn to read. A．volunteering B．to volunteer C．volunteer 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你姐姐志愿做什么呢？——她决定在那儿去帮助孩子如何去阅读，一周一次。考查非谓语，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，空处用不定式做宾语，故选B。 2．Volunteering ________ the world warmer. Even small things can make a big difference. A．makes B．make C．made 【答案】A 【详解】句意：志愿服务使世界更温暖。即使是很小的事情也能产生很大的影响。考查主谓一致。根据语境可知，该句描述的客观事实，时态应为一般现在时。句中“Volunteering”为动名词作主语，表示“做志愿、自愿无偿服务”这件事，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故选A。 3．—I have difficulty with this new machine. —You should learn how to operate it. A．keep...off B．make...work C．act...out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我对这台新机器的操作有困难。——你应该学会如何操作它。考查动词短语。keep...off远离；make...work使……工作；act...out把……表演出来。根据“You should learn how to operate it.”可知，划线部分operate意为“操作”，与选项B意思相近。故选B。 考点10.be used as 被用作..... 10. The plane is also used as a teaching centre. 用法解析：be used as 被用作..... be used for + 目的（名词或动词ing）意思是“被用来 ……” 例：A knife is used for cutting things. 刀被用来切东西。 be used by“被（某人）使用”的意思，by后接动词“use”的执行者。 例：Chinese is used by more and more foreigners. 中文被越来越多的外国人使用。 be used in 被用于……方面 例：I hope that the money is used in medical research used to do sth 过去常常做某事 例：He used to go to school by bike. 他过去常骑自行车上学。 be used to do sth 被用来做某事 例:A knife is used to cut things. 刀被用来切东西。 be used to doing sth=get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 例： He is used to drinking a glass of water before breakfast. 【经典练】 1．—How nice the building is! What is it used for? —It _________ as a hotel. But I’m not sure. A．must be used B．is used C．may be used D．will use 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这座建筑真漂亮！它是用来做什么的？——它可能是用作宾馆的，但是我不确定。 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。must一定；may可能；will将。此处it指代“the building”，和谓语use之间是被动关系，用被动语态，排除D；根据“But I’m not sure”可知是可能用来作宾馆，情态动词用may。故选C。 2．Mark _________ work as a film-maker, but now he is a writer. A．be used to B．gets used to C．used to be D．used to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Mark曾经是一位电影制片人，但现在他是一位作家。考查动词短语。be used to被用于做，习惯于；gets used to习惯于；used to be曾经是；used to过去常常做。根据“but now he is a writer”可知他现在是一位作家，那作为一名电影制片人应是“曾经”的事情。根据空格后的“work”可知此处应用动词短语used to do表示“过去常常做”。故选D。 考点 11.patient/afford 11. Most of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital.so we have to go to them.(P94) 用法解析：1）patient n. 病人 operate on patients adj. 有耐心的 (反义词 impatient) 用法拓展：be patient of sth. 对某事有耐心；忍耐某事 be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心；容忍某人 例：As a doctor, you should be patient with all the patients. 作为一名医生，你应该对所有的病人有耐心 2）afford sth买得起…；有时间做… 通常与can, could, be able to连用，一般用于否定句、疑问句中。 afford to do sth有足够的钱做某事=have money to do sth 【经典练】 1．—Tom, can you guess what is inside these blind boxes? —Well, anything is possible! But I still think we had better not ________ blind boxes, or we won’t be able to stop buying them. A．be crazy about B．be afraid of C．be patient with D．be sure of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你能猜出这些盲盒里是什么吗？——好吧，一切皆有可能！但我仍然认为我们最好不要对盲盒着迷，否则我们将无法停止购买它们。考查短语辨析。be crazy about迷上；be afraid of害怕；be patient with对……有耐心；be sure of确信。根据“or we won’t be able to stop buying them”并结合选项可知，此处指不要对盲盒着迷，否则将无法停止购买它们。故选A。 2．Freda ________ us and she is the only one who understands us all the time. A．is hard on B．is patient with C．is strict with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Freda对我们很有耐心，她是唯一一个一直理解我们的人。考查形容词短语辨析。is hard on对……苛刻；is patient with对……有耐心；is strict with对……严格。根据“she is the only one who understands us all the time”可推知，Freda对我们很有耐心。故选B。 3．My parents can’t afford ________ such a big house. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我父母买不起这样一座大房子。考查动词短语。afford to do sth“负担得起做某事”，固定短语。故选C。 4．I can’t afford ________ the expensive house. A．buys B．buying C．to buy D．bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我买不起那个昂贵的房子。考查动词非谓语形式。can’t afford to do sth“承担不起做某事”，填to buy。故选 C。 考点 12.proud adj.骄傲的；自豪的 12. I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives. 用法解析：proud adj.骄傲的；自豪的 pride n.骄傲　　 1　 be proud to do sth因做某事而骄傲/自豪 例：I’m proud to be a member of the team. 我为成为这个团队的一员而感到骄傲。 2　 be/feel proud of…以…为骄傲/自豪 例：He is proud of his achievements. 我为他的成就感到自豪。 3　 be/feel proud＋ that从句，以…为荣 例：She’s proud that her son has so much talent. 4　 be the pride of…是…的骄傲， 例：His great success is the pride of us. 他的巨大的成功是我们的骄傲。 5　 take pride in.......以。。。为傲 例：I take pride in his great success. 我为他的巨大成功而骄傲。 【经典练】 1．— China’s fourth aircraft carrier (航母) is about to undergo sea trials (海试). — Great. We ________ our country. A．are proud of B．are strict with C．are interested in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——中国第四艘航空母舰即将进行海试。——非常好。我们为我们的国家感到骄傲。考查形容词辨析。are proud of为……自豪；are strict with对……严厉；are interested in对……感兴趣。根据“China’s fourth aircraft carrier (航母) is about to undergo sea trials (海试).”可知，中国的第四艘航母即将进行海试，这对我们来说是一件值得自豪的事情。故选A。 2．His family are ________ of him, that is to say, he is the ________ of his family. A．proud, proud B．pride, proud C．proud, pride 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他的家庭以他为荣，也就是说，他是家庭的骄傲。考查名词和形容词辨析。proud骄傲的，自豪的，形容词；pride骄傲，名词。根据“are...of him”可知，此处是be proud of“为……而自豪”，形容词短语，故排除B；根据“he is the...of his family.”可知，此处表示他是他家的骄傲，此处应使用名词“pride”。故选C。 考点 13.develop 13. Modern medicine is developing quickly. 用法解析：develop v. 发展，发挥 development n. 发展，进展 developing adj. 发展中的 a developing country 一个发展中国家 developed adj. 发达的 a developed country 一个发达国家 【经典练】 1．Beijing ________ an increasing number of cultural and historical parks in recent years. A．develops B．developed C．has developed D．was developing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：北京近些年已经开发了越来越多的文化和历史公园。考查现在完成时。根据“in recent years”可知句子时态为现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+done”，故选C。 2．Betty will join a summer camp that she’s looking forward to ________ different kinds of abilities. A．develop B．to develop C．developing D．develops 【答案】B 【详解】句意：贝蒂将参加一个她期待的夏令营以发展各种各样的能力。考查非谓语动词。that引导的是定语从句，先行词为summer camp，looking forward to的宾语为summer camp，表示期待的夏令营。空处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示参加夏令营是为了发展各种各样的能力。故选B。 考点 14.carry on 15. But more money is needed to carry on with our work. 用法解析：carry on 继续，进行或举行某事 carry on a conversation / a discussion / a dialogue carry on with sth＝carry on doing sth continue to do sth 继续做另一件事 continue doing sth继续做同样的事 例：They carried on working, though they were very tired. 【经典练】 1．The age of 5G is coming. Chinese scientists are trying their best ________ the usage in many fields. A．carrying on B．to carry with C．carrying with D．to carry on with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：5G时代即将到来。中国科学家正在尽全力在许多领域中推进使用。考查动词短语及非谓语。carrying on表示对某件事情的 “坚持和继续”，动名词形式；to carry with随身携带，不定式； carrying with随身携带，动名词形式；to carry on with表示对某件事情的 “坚持和继续”，不定式。结合语境可知，此处指“继续坚持做……”，try one’s best to do sth.意为 “尽某人最大努力做某事”，应用其不定式。故选D。 2． If he has_______, he will _______ his research. A．time enough; carry on out B．enough time; carry on with C．enough time; carry with on D．time enough; carry with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果他有足够的时间，他会继续他的研究。考查动词短语。enough“足够的”修饰名词时，位于名词的前面，可排除AD选项。空二表示“继续研究”，固定短语carry on with意为“继续”。故选B。 一．语法精讲 被动语态的基本知识 1. 语态：英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。 2. 主动语态与被动语态的转化： ①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构；③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。 例： We visited that factory last summer. 主动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 3. 用法： 被动语态常用于以下两种情况： （1）不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者； 例：This cloth is made of cotton. （2）强调动作的承受者。 例：Her bike is stolen. 4. 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态构成： 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are +过去分词 We are taught English by her. 由她教我们英语。 一般过去时 was/were+过去分词 A present was given to me by Mary. 玛丽给了我一件礼物。 知识点2：不用于被动语态的动词 ①不及物动词不用于被动语态，如appear, come out, happen , take place等不及物动词不能用于被动语态。 知识点3：主动形式表被动意义 1） 某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义。如：look, smell, taste, feel, prove, wear, sound等 例：Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.她的卧室看起来非常干净和整洁。 2)某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。 例：The conversation is hard to understand.对这话很难理解。 The fish is not easy to fish.鱼不容易钓。 The passage is difficult to read.这段文章很难读懂。 3)write, sell, wash和read和副词连用，主动语态表被动意义。 例：The pen writes smoothly. 这笔写起来很顺手。 The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。 知识点4：感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice及使役动词let, make, have等，动词后省略to不定式，变为被动语态时，应加上不定式符合to. 例：I always see the boys play in the park. (变成被动语态) The boys are always seen to play by me in the park. 2、 单元写作 本单元写作要求同学们能用所学的词语和句型简单地书写关于联合国儿童基金会工作的报告。介绍的内容主要为受益人过去的情况、转变、接受援助后的情况、以及展望等。在具体的写作中，学生应做到以下几点： 1. 能用一般过去时介绍某个慈善组织的成立概况、改变的契机和受益人过去的情况； 2. 能用一般现在时介绍受益人现在的情况； 3. 能利用多种句式丰富内容。 【词汇积累】 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.the Students’ Union学生会 2.charity project慈善工程 3. millions of百万的······ 4. because of sth.因为 5. want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 6. work as作为，担任 7. prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 8. feel well感觉舒服 9. nothing serious没有什么严重的 【句式积累】 ※ 开头句 1. 我们写信是为了申请传统艺术博览会的许可。 We are writing to ask permission for the traditional art fair. 2. 上周我们学校为糖画组织了一个慈善博览会。现在让我来介绍一下糖画！ Our school organized a charity fair for Sugar Painting last week. Now let me introduce sugar painting! 3. 上周我们学校组织了一次慈善步行活动，为贫困地区的孩子们筹集资金。 Last week our school organized a charity walk to raise money for children in poor areas. 4.“让阅读走进生活”活动在江都拉开帷幕。 The activity of Letting Reading into Life has started in Jiangdu. 5.我是王琳，一个得到联合国儿童基金会帮助的女孩。 I’m Wang Lin, a girl who was helped by UNICEF. 6. 为了帮助贫困学生，我们学校于5月4日在学校体育中心举办了一场活动。 In order to help the poor students, our school had an activity in the school sports center on May 4th. 7. 作为社区志愿者，我和同学们去了阳光疗养院做了一些志愿者工作。 As community volunteer, my classmates and I went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some voluntary work. 8. 希望工程成立于1989年。它旨在帮助贫困地区的儿童。 Project Hope was established in 1989. It aims at helping children in poor areas. 9.不久前，来自无锡的八位青年沿着大运河进行了一次慈善自行车之旅。 Not long ago, eight young people from Wuxi made a charity bicycle trip along the Grand Canal. ※ 中间句 1. 我家太穷了，我小时候不能上学。我不得不找份工作挣点钱来帮助父母养家。 My family was so poor that I couldn’t go to school when I was young. And I had to find a job to earn some money to help my parents support my family. 2. 有一天，让我惊讶的是，联合国儿童基金会的一名工作人员来到我家。 One day, to my surprise, a worker of UNICEF came to my home. 3.我们收集了很多种东西，比如书、字典、衣服和书包。 We collected many kinds of things, such as books, dictionaries, clothes and schoolbags. 4.我们一到，就向老人敬献了鲜花和水果，并立即开始工作，比如擦窗户、扫地。 As soon as we arrived, we presented flowers and fruits to the old man and started working immediately, such as cleaning windows and sweeping the floor. 5.我的工作主要是从贫困地区挑选孩子并记录下来。 My work is mainly to select children from poor areas and record them. 6. 他们此行的目的是为希望工程筹集资金。 The purpose of their trip was to raise money for Project Hope. 7. 尽管旅途漫长而艰难，但他们一路精神抖擞。 Though the ride was long and tough, they went all the way in high spirits. 8. 它为许多国家的贫困儿童提供清洁的水、食物和教育。 It provides clean water, food and education for poor children in many countries. 9.人们可以通过捐款或其他方式、出售圣诞卡或组织其他慈善活动来支持联合国儿童基金会。 People can support UNICEF by donating money or other things, selling Christmas cards or organizing other charity activities. ※ 结尾句 1. 我决定回到家乡当一名教师，让许多其他孩子接受良好的教育，让我们的家乡变得越来越强大。 I decide to be a teacher back in my hometown to make many other children get good education and make our hometown stronger and stronger. 2. 我觉得这次活动很有意义。它可以帮助贫穷的孩子得到他们想要的东西。 I think this activity is very meaningful. It can help poor children get the things they want. 3. 我们的所作所为给别人带来了欢乐，也丰富了我自己的生活。 What we did brought joy to others and enriched my own life. 4. 我非常喜欢这份工作，因为我认为帮助那些孩子是非常快乐和有意义的。 I like this job very much, because I think it is very happy and meaningful to help those children. 5. 他们为自己的所作所为感到骄傲。这是一次他们永远不会忘记的不同寻常的经历。 They were proud of what they had done. It is an unusual experience that they will never forget. 6. 我认为我们应该尽力帮助所有需要帮助的孩子。这是一项有意义的工作。 I think we should try our best to help all the children in need. It is meaningful work. 7. 当我们完成所有的工作时，我们很累，但同时也感到非常高兴。 When we finished all the work, we were very tired but felt very happy at the same time. 8.我们不仅帮助贫困儿童，而且学到了很多东西。 We not only help the poor children, but also learn a lot. 【谚语积累】 1. Doing good is an unconscious sowing. 行善是一种无意识的播种。 2. People who help others can receive their help. 帮助别人的人，能得到别人的帮助。 3. Light a lamp for others, illuminate others, and also illuminate oneself. 为别人点一盏灯，照亮别人，也照亮了自己。 4. Everyone picks up firewood and the flames will be high. 众人拾柴火焰高。 5. A bit of heat can even produce a bit of light. 有一分热，发一分光。 典例： 近年来，我区一直在推广“书香江都，让阅读走进生活”活动，这一活动的实施使市民的生活发生了很大的变化。假如你是李华，请用英文写一封信，向你的美国笔友Tom介绍近年来江都打造“书香城市”的变化与影响。请根据下面的信息完成这封信。 变化 过去：借书地方少，书籍种类缺乏…… 现在：社区有阅览室供居民借阅书籍；江都新图书馆开放，有多种书籍…… 影响 越来越多的人认识到阅读的重要性：使人愉悦，益于学习； 你的感受 ……（至少两点） 注意事项：1. 要求语句通顺、意思连贯，可根据自己的认识，适当增加细节； 2. 词数在90个左右，信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 信中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息。 Dear Tom, I’m Li Hua. The activity of Letting Reading into Life has started in Jiangdu.   __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope you can enjoy the world of books with me together. Yours, Li Hua 【审题思路】 ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文，格式是书信格式； ② 时态：时态主要是“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：写作要点已经给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点，也要补充自己的两点感受，注意突出重点。 【写作步骤】 第一步，表明写作意图，以“想介绍这个活动”引出下文关于阅读情况的变化； 第二步，重点阐述过去和现在变化，注意时态的改变，以及表明活动对人们的影响； 第三步，抒发自己的感受，表达自己对这个活动的喜爱之情。 【佳作欣赏】 Dear Tom, I’m Li Hua. The activity of Letting Reading into Life has started in Jiangdu. I’d like to tell you something about this activity. In the past, there weren’t many places for people to borrow books from. And there weren’t many kinds of books. It was really inconvenient. But now, people can borrow books easily. There are reading rooms in our neighbourhoods and the new library in Jiangdu is open for everyone. Many kinds of books can be found there. With this activity, more and more people know the importance of reading. We find that reading makes us happy and it is beneficial for our study. I love this activity because I can find more information about study and I can know more about the world through books. At the same time, I won’t spend too much time on computer games and phones. It is really helpful and useful. I hope you can enjoy the world of books with me together. Yours, Li Hua 【高分句型】 ① There are reading rooms in our neighbourhoods and the new library in Jiangdu is open for everyone.（there be句型） ② We find that reading makes us happy and it is beneficial for our study.（that引导的宾语从句） ③ I love this activity because I can find more information about study and I can know more about the world through books.（because引导的原因状语从句） Unit 7　International charities 一、重点单词 1.education n. 教育 2.right n. 权利 3.spread n. 扩散;分布;展开 4.blindness n. 失明 5.patient n. 病人 6.reader n. 读者 7.interviewer n. 采访者 8.medicine n. 医学;药 9.case n. 病例;案例 10.treatment n. 治疗 11.leaflet n. 传单 12.basic adj. 基本的 13.medical adj. 医学的;医疗的 14.equal adj. 平等的 15.especially adv. 特别,尤其 16.mostly adv. 主要地,大部分地 17.afford vt. 买得起;能做 18.develop vi.&vt. 发展;加强 19.hold vt. 举行 20.set vt.&vi. 创建,建立 21.treat vt. 治疗;处理 22.cure vt. 治愈 23.operate vi. 做手术 24.including prep. 包括,包含 25.war 　n. 战争 26.matter n. 事情,问题 27.check n. 检查 28.secretary n. 秘书 29.India n. 印度 30.officer n. 官员 31.organize vt. 组织 32.pale adj. 苍白的 二、重点短语 1.为…所需要 be needed for 2.还剩下点零花钱 have some pocket money left 3.加油,得了吧 come on 4.为每个人建造一个更好的世界 build a better world for everyone 5.为孩子们提供基础教育 provide basic education for children 6.为了…的平等权力而努力 work for the equal rights of… 7.预防一些严重疾病的蔓延 prevent the spread of some serious diseases 8.在一些年轻人中 among young people 9.采访某人 have an interview with sb / interview sb 10.对…感兴趣 be interested in / show /have an interest in 11.告知我们一些有关失明的事情 tell us sth about blindness 12.大约80%的案例 about 80 percent of these cases 13.没钱用于医疗护理 have no money for medical treatment 14.对某人做手术 do an operation on sb / operate on sb 15.被用作培训中心 be used as a training center 16.负担得起做某事 afford to do sth 17.邀请某人登机invite sb on board 18.对…感到自豪 be proud of sth=take pride in 19.自豪地做某事 be proud to do sth 20.中医 Chinese medicine 21.现代医药 modern medicine 22.治愈某人…病 cure sb of sth 23.继续我们的工作carry on with our work 24.医疗 medical treatment ; 一支医疗队 a medical team 25.在治疗中under treatment 26.分发传单给… hand out leaflets to sb 27.为..筹钱 raise /collect money for 28.建立一个组织 set up an organization 29.一些慈善项目 some charity projects 30.在某人的帮助下with one’s help /with the help of 31.联合国的部分 part of the United Nations 32.阻止他们得病 prevent them form getting illnesses 33.一个健康中心 a health centre 34.某人怎么啦? What’s the matter /the trouble/wrong with sb.? 35.承担不起去看病 can’t afford to go to hospital 36.让我检查一下 let me have a check 37.没什么严重的 it’s/ there is nothing serious 38.饭后服药一日三次 take this medicine after meals three times a day 39.把…分成…. divide ….into… 40.把…从…中分离出去 separate…from 41吃一顿丰盛的饭have a big meal 42.帮助他们重见光明 help them see again 43.不断地问自己 keep asking myself 44.发出很多的嘈闹声 make a lot of / much noise 45.一家公司的秘书 a secretary of a company 46.开车去上班 drive to work 47.旅行去… travel to 48.害怕乘飞机 be afraid of flying 49.将我作为孩子对待 treat me as a child 50.上课 attend courses 51习惯于做 be used to doing 52.被用来做 be used to do 53.整天在农场工作 work on the farm all day 54.当地人的情况the conditions of the local people 55.学生会 the Students’ Union 56离开 go away 57.无论如何 in any case 58.万一 in case ]59.空中眼科医院 a Flying Eye Hospital 60.主要在贫穷地区 mostly in poor areas 61使得世界成为孩子们更好的地方 make the world a better place for children 62.害怕做某事be afraid to do sth 63.下定决心做某事 make up one’s mind to do 64.看起来苍白得多 look paler 65. 我请客It's my treat 三、重点句型 1.到吃午饭的时间了。 It’s time for lunch. 2.之后我们可以吃一顿丰盛的午餐。 We can have a big lunch after that. 3.我太虚弱,走不动了。 I’m too weak to walk any further.  4.它为贫困地区的孩子提供基础教育。 It provides basic education for children in poor areas. 5.还有其他的方式帮助他们吗? Are there any other ways to help them? 6.我们的许多病人承担不起看病的费用,所以我们得去他们那里。 Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. 7.我为帮助人们重见光明而且改善他们的生活而自豪。 I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives. 8.通过培训他们,我们希望帮助更多的人。 By training them, we hope to help more people. 9.乐施会于1942年在英国成立。第一个乐施会商店在1948年开业。 Oxfam was set up in the UK in 1942 ,and the first Oxfam shop was opened in 1948. 10.在它的帮助下,全国数以百万计的贫穷的孩子接受到基础教育。 With its help, millions of poor children all over the country were given basic education. 11.每天三次,饭后服药。 Take this medicine after meals three times a day. 12.几天后你就会好的。 You’ll be all right in a few days. 13.他不过就我小手指那么大点! He was the same size as my little finger! 14.他们很吵闹,因此我必须大声说话。 They were making a lot of noise so I had to speak loudly. 15.她害怕飞行。 She was afraid of flying. 16.因此她决定接受护士培训。 So she made up her mind to train as a nurse. 17.她习惯于乘飞机旅行。 She is getting used to travelling by plane. 18.她的钱不如以前多,但是她认为她的生活更有意义。 She does not have as much money as before, but she thinks her life is more meaningful. 19.春天植树。 Trees are planted in spring. 四、语法知识 1.被动语态(I) 被动语态的般现在时和一般过去时 语态是动词的一种形式， 表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。 ①当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。如: We clean the classroom every day.我们每天都打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned (by us) everyday.教室每天都被(我们)打扫。 ②被动语态的基本用法： 1. 动作的执行者是泛指或不言自明时。如 None of the books was taken away.没有一本书被拿走。 2. 在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。如: The toy is designed for children.这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。 3.需要强调动作的承受者时。如: My bike was repaired.我的自行车修好了。 4.出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。如: This problem was talked about just now.这个问题刚才被讨论过。 5. 在被动语态的句子中，如果我们需要指出动作的执行者，可以由by引出。如: Mr Wu is liked by all of his students.所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。 ＊注意:有些动词常用被动语态。如 He was born in Nanjing. 他生于南京。 This mobile phone was made in China.这部手机是中国制造的。 ＊注意: ①有些动词，其主动语态形式含有被动意义。如:系动词smell、taste、 sound、feel等 。 The dish smells good.这道菜闻起来很香。 The music sounds nice.这段音乐听起来不错。 还有一些不及物动词，常用主动语态，和well、 easily等副词连用，含有被动意义。如: read、write、 draw、sell、 wash、cook、clean等。 The books sell well.这些书很畅销。 The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑。 ②在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态句式中，动词不定式的to常省去，但是在被动语态中要加上to。 $$