专题3 热点4 判断句子类型——并列连词、三大从句和特殊句式(专题微讲Word)-【赢在微点·考前顶层设计】2025年高考英语大二轮专题复习

热点四　判断句子类型——并列连词、三大从句和特殊句式 高考命题新角度5　 语法填空易混辨析题 ①结构相似的主从复合句和强调句的辨析;②定语从句和并列分句的易混;③定语从句和同位语从句、宾语从句的易混。 找主干,定主句、从句,确定用何种并列连词、关系词或从属连词 　　The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this 　①　 multi-buy that. However, 　②　 you’re shopping for one, buying extra to benefit from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 　③　 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.  Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way 　④　 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 　⑤　 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. (2024·浙江高考1月片段)  图析细解学解题 　　The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this multi-buy that. However, 　②　 you’re shopping for one, buying extra to benefit from price 从句, 从句缺少“如果” reductions doesn’t make sense. Either   your shopping is then too heavy to carry home you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way 　④　 will 定语从句,从句缺少主语 make them the most   money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ^ 　⑤　 they’ll promote ^.  But that leaves the solo (单独) 缺表语　　　　　　缺宾语 customers out of pocket and disappointed. 答案与解析　 ①and　设空前后的family-size this 和 multi-buy that是并列关系, 应用并列连词and。 ②if　句意:如果你是想买一件,那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据语境可知,此处表“如果”, 应用if引导条件状语从句。 ③or　句意:要么你买的东西太重,搬不回家,要么你买的东西还没来得及用就变质了。either ... or ... 意为“要么……要么……”,为固定句式,故填or。 ④that/which　句意:当然,商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。空处引导定语从句, 先行词为way,定语从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。 ⑤what　句意:如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买,那他们就会推广。空处引导表语从句,表语从句中缺少宾语,且指物,表“所……的东西”, 应用what引导表语从句。 考频:并列连词3年5考>定语从句3年3考>名词性从句3年2考>状语从句3年0考 ①对并列连词的考查常出现在长难句中,应结合“逻辑语意+固定用法”解题,注意“对等成分+并列连词+对等成分”, 空处前后两个句子或两个对等成分是并列关系,用并列连词。 ②定语从句是三大从句中考查频次较高的一类, 先明确关系词在从句中所作的成分,再代入还原,直接还原是主语、宾语(that、 which、 who、 whom),加介词代入作状语(when、 where、 why),所有格形式是定语(whose)。 ③“引导词+句子”+谓语:“引导词+句子”为主语从句;动词/介词+“引导词+句子”:“引导词+句子”为宾语从句;look、 be、 remain、 seem等系动词+“引导词+句子”:“引导词+句子”为表语从句。 ④“引导词+句子”在句中起副词作用,作时间、地点、方式、条件、原因、让步等状语,为状语从句。 考法1　考查并列连词——理逻辑辨句意 A组　3年新课标卷/浙江高考1月 1.It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ________ see how Tang’s play was being performed. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) 2.To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出), ________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) 3.It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ________ to see the pandas settle into their new home. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) 4.The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of“protecting the authenticity and integrity (真实性和完整性) of natural ecosystems preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ________ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 5.He hung on for a few minutes ________ screamed for his father, but his father didn’t hear him. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) B组　全国卷/自主命题卷 6.It is a distinct visual contrast that shouldn’t work, ________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. (2023·全国乙卷) 7.Although Mary loved flowers, ________ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. (浙江高考) 理逻辑,辨语意,定并列连词 答案与解析　 1.and　设空前后的两个并列成分“hear the Chinese language”和“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构,应用连词and。 2.or　whether ... or ... “是……还是……”是固定搭配。 3.and　分析句子结构可知,空前的“to watch ... develop”和空后的“to see ... home”结构相似, 空处考虑用连词。结合句意“能够关注大熊猫项目的发展并看着大熊猫在新的住处安顿下来是一种荣幸”可知,空处前后是语意上的并列关系,故填and。 4.and　本句中protecting ...与protecting ... 和leaving ... 是并列成分,故填并列连词and。 5.and　本句中hung与screamed是两个顺承的动作, 故填并列连词 and。 6.but　前后分句间是转折关系,故填but。 7.neither　句意:虽然玛丽喜欢花,但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意和空后的nor可知,此处是并列连词结构neither ... nor ...,意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。 考法2　考查定语从句——找准先行词,分析从句结构 A组　3年新课标卷/浙江高考1月 8.Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ________ is known as“the Shakespeare of Asia”, add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) 9.The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) B组　全国卷/自主命题卷 10.Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, ________ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. (2024·全国甲卷) 11.Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ________ Rachel Carson says in A Fable for Tomorrow. (2023·全国甲卷) 12.“There was once a town in the heart of America ________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co -existence with its surroundings,”her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. (2023·全国甲卷) 13.But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. (2023·全国乙卷) 14.On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. (2022·全国甲卷) 1.分析句子成分是关键 2.注意特殊点 ①当先行词为表抽象地点的名词,如point、situation、case、stage、position、job等时,若在从句中作状语,用关系副词where引导定语从句;若作主语或宾语,用关系代词that/which。 ②介词(短语)后的关系词常用which或whom。 ③that不引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为those指人时,用who引导定语从句。 答案与解析　 8.who　句意:为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖,中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。空处引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词为Tang Xianzu,指人,从句中缺少主语, 故用关系代词who引导定语从句。 9.that　空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰指物的先行词species,空处在从句中作主语,先行词species由all修饰,只能用关系代词that引导定语从句。 10.which　空处引导定语从句,先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias,指物,从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句,故填which。 11.as　句意:然而,正如蕾切尔·卡森在《明天的寓言》中所说的那样,这种寓言形式今天仍然有价值。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,从句缺少宾语,且先行词指代前面的整个主句,此处表“正如;正像”,故填as。 12.where　句意:在美国的中心地带曾经有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都享受着与周围环境的和平共处……分析句子结构可知,空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是表示地点的名词a town,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。 13.that/which　分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为place,故填that/which。 14.who　分析句子结构可知,空处所在句为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Cao Shengkang,从句中缺少主语,先行词指人,应用关系代词who引导定语从句。 考法3　考查名词性从句——根据“从句结构+连接词意义”确定连接词 A组　3年新课标卷 15.They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ________ they need an English trainer. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) 16.________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. (新高考Ⅰ卷) B组　全国卷/自主命题卷 17.On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ________ is now northwestern Wyoming. (2024·全国甲卷) 18.Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ________ she could do so remotely. (2022·浙江高考) 19.Mental health involves ________ you process things such as stress and anxiety. (2022·天津高考) 1.关注4个句式 ①That is because ...这是因为…… ②That is why ...这是为什么…… ③The reason is that ...原因是…… ④There is no doubt that ...毫无疑问…… 2.两步法确定连接词 答案与解析　 15.why　 根据句意“他们还需要随时准备好接受国际记者的英文采访。这就是他们需要一个英语教员的原因”可知,此处考查固定句型“This is why ...”,故填why。 16.What　句意:这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句,从句缺少主语,指“……的事情”,故用what引导主语从句。 17.what　考查宾语从句。句意:1870年9月中旬,在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚,四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松,这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。“________ is now northwestern Wyoming”在句中作介词in的宾语,从句中缺少主语, 指物,表“所……的地方”, 应用what引导宾语从句,故填what。 18.whether/if　句意:对于她的出席, Cobb开始询问邀请她演讲的会议组织者是否可以远程演讲。分析句子结构可知, “________ she could do so remotely”为宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,但成分完整。 whether/if “是否”符合语境,故填whether或if。 19.how　句意:心理健康包括如何处理诸如压力和焦虑之类的情况。分析句子结构可知,此处为连词引导的宾语从句作谓语动词involves的宾语,从句中不缺少主语和宾语,但句意不完整,根据句意可知,表“如何,怎样”,填how。   考法4　考查状语从句——理清句意逻辑,确定状语从句从属连词 全国卷/自主命题卷 20.________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. (全国卷Ⅲ) 21.On our way to the house, it was raining ________ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get there. (全国卷Ⅲ) 22.Now ________ you are old enough to make your own judgement, you should start to pursue your career. (2023·天津高考) 23.Even ________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud. (2022·天津高考) 1.句意判断法 ①if/unless/once/given that等表条件 ②because/as/since/now that等表原因 ③though/although/while等表让步 ④where/wherever表地点 2.时间先后法 ①动作同时发生: when、whenever、while、 as等。 ②动作接连发生: as soon as、the minute、immediately、once等。 ③动作先后发生: before、after等。 ④动作的延续: since。 ⑤动作的终止或开始: till/until。 3.句型判断法 ①so/such ... that ...如此……以至于…… ②It is some time+since ...自从……已经多长时间了。 ③It will/won’t be+一段时间+before ... 过了多长时间才/没过多长时间就…… 答案与解析　 20.When/As　句意:当他问河岸上的村民,他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时,他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句,表“当……时候”,且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词,不能用while引导,故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。 21.so　句意:在我们去那座房子的路上,雨下得那么大,以至于我们不禁想还要多久才能到达那里。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,此句含so...that...引导的结果状语从句,故填so。so ... that ... 意为“如此……以至于……”。 22.that　句意:既然你已经长大了,可以自己做判断了,你应该开始追求你的事业了。 根据“you should start to pursue your career”可知,主从句之间为因果关系,用“既然”符合逻辑,且空前是Now, 故填that。now that “既然”。 23.if/though　句意:即使在工作中取得巨大成功,我们也不应该骄傲。分析句子结构可知,此处为连词引导状语从句,结合句意可知,两个句子之间为让步关系,even if/though 意为“即使,尽管”,符合语境。  考法5　特殊句式 全国卷/自主命题卷 24.And when ________ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). (2024·北京高考) 25.It is this ________ distinguishes humans from machines. (2023·浙江高考1月阅读改编) 26.It was in Chile ________ she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica. (2022·全国乙卷阅读改编) 27.China’s approach to protecting its environment while ________ (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide. (全国卷Ⅱ) 1.记准状语从句2个省略条件 状语从句如满足以下2个条件,从句的主语和be动词可省略。 ①在when、while、whenever、till、if、unless、as if、though、although等引导的状语从句中,从句有be动词。 ②主从句主语一致或从句主语是it。 2.牢记强调结构的2点 ①去掉It is/was和that/who,剩下的句子结构完整、句意通顺,是强调句。 ②助动词do/does/did+动词原形,表“一定/务必”。 答案与解析　 24.asked　句意:当被问及他的新头衔时,他分享了秘诀:适度。 when引导的时间状语从句中,主语为he,且ask与he之间是被动关系,应用被动语态be asked,状语从句中,从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句中含有be动词形式,从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填asked。 25.that　此处是强调句,强调this, 故填that。 26.that　此处是强调句,强调地点状语in Chile。 27.feeding　空处表示正在进行的动作,while后面省略了China is。根据省略句的原则:在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中,从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时,可把从句中主语和be动词一起省略,故填feeding。 拆分句子结构,确定句子类型,确定用何种连词 Exercise 1　易混辨析题 | The People’s Friend 　　There are many things that can be dangerous for our pets if eaten. Some items poisonous could cause trouble 　①　 they might even cause a blockage. If your pet does happen to eat something they shouldn’t, first of all take a note of 　②　 was eaten, how much and when they ate it.  Call your vet immediately—acting fast can make a huge difference. To prevent such situations, try to keep potentially dangerous products well out of paws’ reach. This includes things 　③　 they might swallow. Never wait for your pet to show signs of being unwell 　④　 they have eaten something they shouldn’t have. Symptoms to look out for include vomiting, diarrhoea, low energy 　⑤　 reduced appetite. Symptoms can sometimes take hours or days to appear.  答案与解析　 ①and　考查连词。could cause trouble 和might even cause a blockage是顺承关系,应用并列连词and。 ②what　考查名词性从句。空处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,表“所……的东西”,用what引导宾语从句。 ③that/which　考查定语从句。该句是定语从句,先行词是things,指物,从句中缺少宾语,故用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。 ④if/when　句意:如果/当你的宠物吃了不该吃的东西,千万不要等到它表现出不舒服的症状。此处表“如果/当……时候”,应用if/when引导状语从句。 ⑤or　考查连词　空前的vomiting, diarrhoea, low energy 和空后的reduced appetite是选择关系,表“或,或者,还是”,填or。 积累　 ①take a note of记下,注意,留意　②out of one’s reach某人够不着　③look out for留意 Exercise 2　长难句障碍题+易混辨析题+熟词生义 | Time As the weather starts heating up this week, you may be tempted to go outside— 　①　 with the outdoors comes the possibility of getting bitten by mosquitoes. And if you find yourself getting a lot of mosquito bites, it could be because of the way 　②　 you smell or the colors of the clothes you are wearing, recent research has found.  “If you think you are a mosquito magnet, it’s probably the case,” Jeffrey Riffell, a biology professor at the University of Washington 　③　 studies mosquito sensory systems, said earlier this month. “Some individuals are bitten way more than others.”  Riffell has been working with a team of researchers to try to better understand 　④　 mosquitoes find food—male mosquitoes drink nectar from flowers to get sugar, 　⑤　 females drink blood as a means to help with laying eggs.  “Mosquitoes are remarkably good at trying to locate a person to drink their blood,” Riffell said. “They are vampires (吸血鬼), 　⑥　 they’re very good at what they’re doing. Their eyes, their vision, their nose, everything about them is geared (适合) towards finding us and biting us.”  答案与解析　 为什么蚊子只叮咬拥有特定气味的人? ①but　考查连词。空前提到想到户外,空后提到到户外有可能被蚊子叮咬,前后是转折关系,故用连词but。 ②that　考查定语从句。该句是定语从句,先行词是the way,从句中缺少方式状语,故用关系词that引导定语从句。 ③who/that　考查定语从句。该句是定语从句,先行词是a biology professor,指人,从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。 ④how　考查名词性从句。　④　 mosquitoes find food作understand的宾语,破折号后的内容解释的是蚊子觅食的方式,故宾语从句中缺少方式状语,表“如何”,应用how引导宾语从句。  ⑤while　考查连词。空前提到雄性蚊子吸食花蜜,空后提到雌性蚊子吸食血液,前后内容是对比关系,应用连词while。 ⑥and　考查连词。空前的“它们是吸血鬼”和“它们擅长吸血”是并列关系,应用连词and。 积累 重点词 locate vt.找出……的准确位置;确定……的准确地点 熟词 生义 way熟义:n.方法;方式　生义:adv.大大地;远远地;很;十分 语块 ①be tempted to do sth.想要做某事　②be geared towards与……相适应;适合于 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$