专题5 第1讲 循8类逻辑关系 补全首、中、尾(专题微讲Word)-【赢在微点·考前顶层设计】2025年高考英语大二轮专题复习

专题五“读、析、寻、排、代”　快解阅读七选五 选材 主要为说明文,偶尔涉及记叙文,主题常与人与自我、人与社会相关。语篇有带小标题和不带小标题(难度相对较大)2种形式。 设题 选项分为主旨概括句、总结归纳句、衔接过渡句和细节句。多余的两个选项往往也从这4方面设置,如主旨概括句和总结归纳句过于宽泛或以偏概全,衔接过渡句不能反映行文结构,细节句与上下文脱节。 2024·新课标Ⅰ卷　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与自我——外语学习 　　Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 　1　 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. 起: 提交完美原稿对出版作品的重要性 (引出主题——字典助写作)  I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker. 　2　 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. 承(p2~3) :作者写作中用到的2本字典  　3　 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.  In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it’s not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 　4　 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better. 转: 旧版字典的无可替代之处  For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. 　5　 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. 合:(总结)读字典有益  A. I don’t often use this dictionary. 我不常用这本字典 B. It takes no account of the context. 它不考虑上下文 C. But I still don’t want to replace them. 但我还是不想换掉它们 D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. 但读字典很愉快(情态动词+褒贬色彩词汇) E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. 字典不仅是用来拼写 F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. 语法正确,无拼写错误(词汇复现) G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 字典并不总提供足够的信息 答案与解析　 文章主要介绍纸质字典不仅仅在检查拼写方面权威,同时在检查词源、区分同义词、发音方面会给出很多详细信息,同时,作者觉得闲暇时间阅读几页字典很值得。 1.F　空前一句提到提交完美的、专业的手稿对于出版的重要性,后一句提到“没有编辑会容忍单词拼写错误”。F项是对上文的进一步解释,指出提交完美原稿的要求是语法正确和零拼写错误。由此可知,F项符合语境。F选项中的That代指的是前句的“submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript”。 2.B　空前一句提到作者不相信笔记本电脑的拼写检查程序。B 项“它不考虑上下文”是对作者不相信拼写检查程序原因的解释,由此可知,B项符合语境。 3.E　根据空后一句中的It可知, 正确选项应有一个单数或不可数名词。分析选项可初步确定E选项中的a dictionary较合适。第二段介绍作者使用《牛津简明英语词典》和《柯林斯英语同义词词典》。下文提到字典可以提供每个词的精确定义、发音等信息。选项E“当然,字典不仅仅是为了(查)拼写。”与第二段提到的字典在检查拼写上的作用相呼应,且与“It should give ...”“It will also ...”是顺承关系。 4.A　空后是转折词However, 其后的there’s nothing better“没有比这个字典更好的了”说明的是好的含义,由此可知, However前面表达的应该是不好的方面,该段以主语I 为主, 且都是关于“我”与词典的事情; 故正确选项主语应为“I”,A 项“我并不经常使用这本词典”与后文“然而,如果需要查词的起源或了解其用法的例子,没有比《牛津英语大词典(简编本)》更好的了”形成转折关系,且选项中的this dictionary 指代the Shorter Oxford Dictionary。 A选项在褒贬、转折逻辑和词汇衔接方面与原文完美契合。 5.D　上文提到Samuel Johnson在编写字典时,吐槽编写字典是最无聊的经历,由空后的“can be a rewarding experience”中的褒义词rewarding可推出,空处应表达褒义。选项D “但读字典可以是一种乐趣。”中的pleasure 与dull 形成了对比,且But凸显了这种转折关系。同时,D项中的“a pleasure to read”与后句的 “a rewarding experience”也形成了呼应,总结了这段的主题,说明了读字典的乐趣。故选D。 积累 派生词 ①identical [aɪ̍dentɪkl] adj.完全相同的　②precise [prɪ̍saɪs] adj.精确的;准确的 ③definition [̩defɪ̍nɪʃn] n.定义　④origin [̍ɒrɪdʒɪn] n.起源;出处　⑤usage [̍juːsɪdʒ] n.用法;使用 ⑥differentiate [̩dɪfə̍renʃɪeɪt] v.区分;区别 派生 词/合 成词 ①old-fashioned adj.老式的;过时的(old+fashion+-ed)　②spellchecker [̍speltʃekə(r)] n.拼写检查程序(spell+check+-er)　③professionally adv.娴熟地;老练地;内行地;专业人员做的;内行人干的　④idiom→idiomatic [̩ɪdiə̍mætɪk] adj.表达方式地道的;符合(某一)语言习惯的 语块 与使用工具书有关:①reference books参考工具书　②hard cover精装本　③leaf through匆匆翻阅,浏览 ④two-volume copy两卷本　⑤idiomatic phrase惯用短语　⑥look up查阅;查找 习语:①pick up (碰巧或廉价地)买到　②keep ... close-by把……放在附近　③cast one’s eye over sth.迅速检查(浏览)某物　④take account of把……考虑进去　⑤take the trouble to do sth.费神做某事,不辞辛劳地做某事　⑥great speller拼写能力强的人 阅读七选五“四步法” 第一步　速浏览,定主旨 快速浏览,据文章内容,尤其首段、分段首句和尾段, 弄清文章话题和大意。 第二步　析选项,提核心 读选项,标记表示逻辑关系的副词及连词,标记代词和核心主题词汇,判断选项在原文中的位置(段首、段中、段尾)。综合概括每个选项的意思,结合文章话题确定核心点,并在选项旁做记录。 第三步　看位置,定答案 ①先做段首、段尾题,结合已归纳的选项核心点迅速搞定主题句或总结句。 找相关联系(词汇、代词)、分析逻辑关系+选项核心点 ②再做段中设空题(过渡句或解释句)。 ③找联系:前后句的时态、词汇的复现或同现、代词的指代、上下文的各种逻辑关系、工整平行的句式结构对比联系已归纳的选项核心点确定答案。 第四步　代所选,看通顺 全部填完后代入所选句,通篇理解一下,看是否文通意顺,是否有别扭的地方,再调整。 第1讲　循8类逻辑关系　补全首、中、尾 关注点 设空位置仍为段首、段中和段尾3种,以段中设空为主,2023新课标Ⅰ卷没有考查段首句。 含有明显逻辑衔接词的题变少,考查隐性逻辑衔接和语篇层面的题有所增加,注重对内在意义的连贯的考查和语义连贯的考查。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 文章的句与句之间、段落与段落之间存在逻辑关系,这种逻辑关系可以通过句意或逻辑标志词判断。 技巧1　句子结构或意义上的并列关系 标志/逻辑词 and、or、also、as well as、as well、together with、along with、firstly、secondly等 1.2023·新课标Ⅱ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——艺术 　　·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ________ You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. A. Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals.核心点→制订职业计划、确定目标 C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.核心点→不要丢掉新手时期的美术作品 D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 2.2023·浙江高考1月·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——旅行 　　Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. ________ Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types. B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train. C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months. E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom. G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.核心点→给你预订靠近餐车的卧铺车厢 3.2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——社会沟通 　　First of all, decide what you want from that person. ________ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? 核心点→询问锻炼目标 E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? 核心点→如何写好寻伴启事 F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 答案与解析　 1.C　该段提出的建议是:从小着手,作者建议使用素描本进行小的试画。接着说明该建议的理由:提供灵感来源、可能是将来更复杂的作品的基础。后文提到你能够回顾自己的艺术之旅,看到自己的成长。由此可知,空处与“使用素描本”为并列关系,应说明作者的第二条建议:保存早期的作品,故C项正确。 2.G　由上文“A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. (一个好的旅行社有时可以帮你找到打折的票。)”及下文“Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. (这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。)”可知,好的旅行社不仅可以帮你找到打折的票,还可以缩短从卧铺到餐车的距离,G项中“book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner”与前后文对应,因此推断G项符合语境。故选G。 3.D　上文“decide what you want from that person”为笼统性建议。由下文的问句及连词 Or 可知,空处也应用一般疑问句,反问自己结伴锻炼的目的→D项核心点。“Do you want to be”与空后的“Or do you just want to be”句式结构相同且为并列的逻辑关系。 技巧2　句子结构或意义上的递进关系(后句是前句的递进或补充) 标志/ 逻辑词 moreover、furthermore、plus、and、even、besides、additionally、in addition、what’s more、not only ... but (also) ... even worse、worse/better still、to make matters worse、more importantly、actually 4.2023·新课标Ⅱ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——艺术 　　The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ________ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. 时态和人称代词的一致性 A. Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginner art. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.核心点→你会遇到障碍,有时会感到沮丧 F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.核心点→评估你的表现,如果需要的话,重新定位你的作用 G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 5.新高考Ⅰ卷·片段　体裁:记叙文　主题语境:人与社会——社会生活 　　The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. ________ Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it. 时态的一致性也是解题线索 　　A. Not all the customers are tourists. B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. 核心点→公寓内部配置:漂亮的厨房和舒适的床 D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make yourself happy. 答案与解析　 4.E　前文提到你的旅程不会是一条直线,空处应是前文的递进或补充,说明为什么不是直线,即会遇到障碍,有时会灰心→E项核心点。E项同时衔接后文强调的要坚持,给它时间并付出努力。 5.C　上文“与普通的巴黎公寓不同,水管工作正常。”说明作者租的公寓的情况,空后一句中的even说明“楼里有小电梯”是空处内容的递进,故空处应承接上文继续说明公寓的配置→C项核心点。时态的一致性也是解题线索。 技巧3　句子结构或意义上的顺承关系 标志/逻辑词 then、afterwards、following that、finally、eventually、ultimately、meanwhile、after、from then on、later、after a while、not ... until 6.2023·新课标Ⅱ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——艺术 　　·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ________ 　　A. Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginner art. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 核心点→通过反复练习形成绘画肌肉记忆 7.2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与自我——善于学习 　　After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ________ The resulting blank space invites you to revise. A. Make sure your handwriting is neat. B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C. The second draft of the essay should be better. D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. 核心点→写作步骤建议:打印三倍行距的新草稿 答案与解析　 6.G　前文提到经常绘画,并且无论画静物、肖像还是风景画,都要尽可能多地实物写生。本空顺承前文,应说明经常绘画的结果→G项核心点→你将形成只有通过反复练习才能得到的绘画肌肉记忆。G项中的repetition 与前文的often是同义表达。 7.G　上文提到在第一次草稿被改得无处下笔后,把你的修改输入文字处理器,下文表明这样处理后形成的空白可以允许你再次修改。故空处应说明输入到文字处理器后应该做什么能产生修改的空白→G项核心点→打印三倍行距的新草稿。上一句中的After与G项中的Then为时间上的顺承关系, G项中的“setting your text on triple-space”与“The resulting blank space”呼应。 技巧4　句子结构或意义上的因果关系(前因后果/前果后因) 结果+ since、now that、because、for 原因 on account of、because of、as a consequence/result of、result from、arise from 原因+ as a result/consequence、therefore、thus、consequently、so、that’s why 结果 set off (引发;激起)、give rise to、contribute to、lead to、result in、be responsible for 8.2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——旅游 　　Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ________ Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. A. Visit during off-peak times. B. So, should we stop traveling? 核心点→那么,我们应该停止旅行吗? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? 核心点→过度旅游能避免吗? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 答案与解析　 8.B　由空后的回答“Certainly not.”可知,空处应是一个疑问句。又前文提到旅行带来了很多积极的影响, 且导致了过度旅游的问题。B项“那么,我们应该停止旅行吗?”为疑问句,且与前文的“旅游业的快速增长导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游”为因果关系。故选B。 积累 派生词 unacceptable adj.不能接受(或允许、同意)的 语块 ①expands one’s minds拓展思维　②minimize pressure on尽量减少……的压力 技巧5　句子结构或意义上的解释关系(后句是对前一句的具体解释,注意同义所指的相关表达) 标志/逻辑词 to be specific、specifically、clearly、namely、that is to say、that is 9.2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——社会沟通 　　You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ________ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. 对前一句的解释 A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. 核心点→选伴要求:居住距离近(便利性特点) C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 答案与解析　 9.B　上文提到在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西,但可能不会得到有用的回应。下文则是用假设的形式说明锻炼伙伴应符合的条件——如果你打算在健身房锻炼,那个人必须在同一个健身房。由此可知, 寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点→B项核心点。 选项B中的“live close by”与后文的“belong to the same gym”呼应。 技巧6　句子结构或意义上的举例和论证(后句举例是为了证明前一句) 标志词 for example/instance、like、range from ... to ...、such as、take ... for example 褒贬词 先介绍优点或弊端,然后举例论证;除标志词外,看选项情感色彩:情态动词、形容词、副词、动词和名词 10.2023·全国乙卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——科普知识 　　Why are indoor plants good for you?→主旨:室内植物的好处 Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “ There are many benefits to growing plants indoors. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ________.  A. All plants are different B. Not only do they look beautiful C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the best 核心点→列举最好的2个植物的例子 F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help 核心点→偶尔更换植物的盆子也有用 G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 核心点→了解每种植物的需求很有意义 答案与解析　 10.E　本段先引出专家Will Spoelstra的观点:在室内种植植物有许多好处。接着阐述几个研究的成果:室内植物能提升创造力、专注力和记忆力;盆栽植物能通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体净化周围的空气,还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质。空处应列举此类盆栽植物→E项核心点→和平百合和魔鬼常青藤是此类植物中最好的2个例子。 技巧7　句子结构或意义上的转折/对比/让步关系(空处与空前前后两句话之间为意义上的转折/对比/让步) 标志/ 逻辑词 转折 however、though、yet、still、otherwise、nevertheless、not ... but、(un)fortunately、thankfully 对比 instead (of)、rather than、on the contrary、in/by contrast、in comparison with、compared with 让步 in spite of/despite+n./pron, even if/though, though/although/while, whether ... or ..., whatever/whoever/no matter what/who等+从句 11.2024·浙江高考1月·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与自我——善于学习 　　... We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses. The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ________ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going. A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. 核心点→但这并不意味着没有最后期限(逻辑衔接词+话题相关词) B. Your motivation should be your main concern. 你的动力应该是你的主要关注点 C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education? D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E. The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. 答案与解析　 11.A　根据前文“在线学习最明显的优势是可以随时随地学习”及后文“我认为很多人都忽略了一点,那就是学习进度很容易滞后”可知本空要说跟“学习时间”有关的话题。A 项“但这并不意味着没有截止日期”与空前“可以随时随地学习”构成转折关系,且A 选项中的 deadlines和本段中的 anytime 和“fall behind schedule”均与“时间”相关。that指代you can study anywhere and anytime。 积累 派生词 self-motivated adj.自我激励的;自我勉励的;主动的 语块 ①lose sight of sth.忽略某事　②fall behind schedule滞后　③take an online course上网课 技巧8　总结和概括 段首 段落主旨句　阅读段落内容,提炼中心词,根据中心词定答案 段尾 串联各段主旨,总结全文主旨,定答案 段落总结句　总结空前内容,抓主旨,确定能概括总结该段内容的选项 12.2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——旅游 拓展说明主旨句 　　·________ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. A. Visit during off-peak times. 核心点→在非高峰时间游玩 B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. 核心点→为自己旅行 D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 考虑回馈你所游玩的社区 13.2023·全国甲卷·片段　体裁:议论文　主题语境:人与自我——完善自我 Tricks to Becoming a More Patient Person Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There’s one answer: ________. 首段段尾句 In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks. A. Find your causes 核心点→找到原因 B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry 核心点→导致匆忙的状态 E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience 核心点→需要额外耐心 14.2024·全国甲卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与自我——健康的生活方式 　　Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ________ 段尾句 A. Eat properly throughout the day. 核心点→全天合理饮食 B. We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger. C. Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work. 核心点→不要在上班的路上狼吞虎咽 D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. 核心点→选择健康的食物 F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G. That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 答案与解析　 12.A　空处为小标题,后文“skipping major holidays or rush hour ”建议旅游时要注意避开高峰期。选择合适的时间避开高峰期旅行, 是对空处主旨句的拓展解释。故A选项“在非高峰时间游玩”概括本段内容。 积累 派生词 ①minimize v.使减少到最低程度　②maximize v.使最大化　③relatively adv.相对地 ④virtually adv.几乎;差不多;事实上;实际上 合成词 off-peak adj.淡季的,非高峰期的 熟词生义 ①skip v.避开,不做　②back vt.支持 语块 rush hour (上下班的)高峰时间 13.G　前文列出了3种情况:交通堵塞、排长队、等待假期开始。 空处应总结上述3种情况的共同点,且与后文的 “需要锻炼耐心”呼应→G项核心点→它们都是需要额外耐心的情况。 选项中的They指代上文的3种情况,patience是原词复现。 14.E　前文“注意手边的食物,如果手边有不健康的零食,比如饼干,就很难适度饮食”指出,吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食,E项用Instead“相反”引入与前文意义相反的建议:用健康的食物代替不健康的零食。选项中的healthy与上文中的unhealthy相对应。故选E项。 积累 派生词 mind→mindless adj.没头脑的;无谓的;盲目的 语块 give up on放弃;对……表示绝望;对……不再期待 猜测阅读障碍词的能力　(2024新课标Ⅰ卷七选五+8个技巧对应片段) 重点词 identical adj. ①完全相同的 virtually adv. ②几乎;差不多;事实上;实际上 maximize v. ③使最大化 differentiate v.④区分;区别 派生词/ 合成词 mind+-less→ mindless adj. ⑤没头脑的;无谓的;盲目的 idiom+-atic →idiomatic adj. ⑥表达方式地道的;符合(某一)语言习惯的 self-+motivated→ self-motivated adj. ⑦自我激励的;自我勉励的;主动的 off+peak→ off-peak adj. ⑧淡季的,非高峰期的 熟词生义 skip 熟义:v.跳过 生义:v. ⑨避开,不做 back 熟义:n.后面 生义:vt. ⑩支持 语块 cast one’s eye over sth. 迅速检查(浏览)某物 pick up (碰巧或廉价地)买到 lose sight of sth. 忽略某事 leaf through 匆匆翻阅,浏览 分析长难句的能力 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. 试分析:主干为①It should give you a precise definition; thus differentiating it from other words ... identical 是现在分词作②结果状语; whose meanings are similar, but not identical为定语从句,修饰先行词③other words。  试翻译:④它应该给出每个单词的精确定义,从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。 文本语法填空再开发 　　In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, ①picked (pick) up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, ②with its 2,672 pages, it’s not exactly short. It ③contains (contain) around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and ④idiomatic (idiom) phrases. I don’t often use this dictionary. However, if I need to check the origin of a word ⑤or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing ⑥better (good). For well over a hundred years the most ⑦influential (influence) English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language ⑧published (publish) in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull work,” ⑨wrote (write) Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. But a dictionary can be ⑩a pleasure to read. A few minutes spent casting (cast) your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$