Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good Welcome to the unit & Reading 知识点梳理 清单-2024-2025学年高一英语译林版（2020）必修第一册

Welcome to the unit&Reading[知识点梳理] 1. immediately adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就（immediate adj.立即的；即时的；急迫的） ·immediately= as soon as= instantly 一……就（后跟时间状语从句） ·用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就”的有：immediately/instantly/directly/the moment/the minute/the instant （1） If you see a fire happen in the house, cut off the electricity immediately. 如果你看到房子里放生了火灾，请立即切断电源。 （2） She called 120 immediately she saw her grandmother pass out. 一看到她奶奶晕倒了，她立即拨打了120. （3） We’re looking forward to your immediate response. 我们期待着您的即时回复。 2. concentrate vi.&vt. 集中（注意力、思想等）；全神贯注（concentration n.集中；专注；关注；重视） ·concentrate on（doing）sth. 集中；全神贯注于（做）某事 ·concentrate one’s mind/attention/energy on… 将心思/注意力/精力集中于…… 注意：表示“专心于，全神贯注于”的短语还有：focus one’s mind/attention on; put one’s heart into。 （4） It’s time that I concentrated all my energy on my work. 是该把我所有的精力都用到工作上去的时候了。 （5） The sort of work calls for a high level of concentration. 这类工作需要高度的注意力。 （6） She has turned down several invitations in order to concentrate on her studies. 为了集中精力学习，她拒绝了几次邀请。 3. effect n.效果，作用；影响（effective adj.有效的；生效的） side effect 副作用 have an effect on/upon… 对……产生影响 bring/put/carry… into effect 使……实施/生效 （1） Modern farming methods prove to have a negative effect on the environment. 现代农业耕作方式被证明会对环境造成负面影响。 （2） The new traffic rules were brought/put/caried into effect last month. 新的交通规则已于上个月生效。 （3） The villagers hope that the new law on how to deal with waste will come into effect soon. 村名们希望关于如何处理废物的新法律能很快生效。 （4） One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust. 减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是和你信任的人谈论感受。 4. prove vt.证明，证实 linking v.后来被发现是（proof n.证明，证据） prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事 prove sb./sth.（to be）+adj./n. 证明某人/物是…… It’s proved that… 据证明……；据证实…… （1） His success proved his ability to his parents. 他的成功向他的父母证明了他的实力。 （2） The experiment proved his theory to be important to our research. 这个实验证明了他的理论对我们的研究很重要。 （3） There was no proof that it was this drug that led to his passing out. 没有证据表明是这种药物导致他昏迷。 （4） It is proved that TV programs of violence have a bad effect on children. 事实证明，暴力电视节目对儿童有不良影响。 5. diet n.规定饮食；日常饮食 vi.节食 go on a diet 节食；控制饮食（表动作） be on a diet 在节食（表状态） a balanced/healthy diet 均衡的/健康的饮食 （1） Now I am dieting and I will try a new diet to lose weight. 现在我正在节食，为了减肥，我将尝试一种新的饮食。 （2） （话题写作之健康饮食）The doctor recommends that we（should）have a balanced diet and get into the good habit of getting up early. So if you are overweight, you should go/be on a diet. 医生建议我们要均衡饮食并养成早起的好习惯。因此，如果你超重，你应该控制饮食。 6. take in 欺骗；摄入，吸收；理解 take down 记下；拆除 take up 占用（时间）；占据（空间）；拿起；接受；开始从事；继续 take off （飞机）起飞；事业成功；迅速流行；脱下 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take over 接管 （1） With the wolf running closely after him, he got off his bike and took up a stick in defence of himself. 狼紧紧地追在他后面，他下了自行车，拿起一根棍子保护自己。 （2） Trees can take in carbon dioxide in the air and prevent global warming. 树木可以吸收空气中的二氧化碳，阻止全球变暖。 （3） In recent years, the sharing economy is taking off in all sorts of fields in China. 近几年，共享经济正在中国的各个领域蓬勃发展。 （4） Every citizen should take on the responsibility to keep the city clean in order to build a more beautiful city. 为了建设一个更加美丽的城市，每个公民都应该承担起保持城市清洁的责任。 （5） It is certain that if he is retired, his son will take over the business. 确定的是，如果他退休了他的儿子将会接管公司。 7. get into shape 强身健体 ·in shape 在形状上；健康状况良好 in the shape of 以……形状 out of shape 变形；身体不健康 ·shape… into… 把……塑造成……；使……成为……形状 （be）shaped like… 形状像…… （1） Some yogurt boxes are in the shape of fruits and they are indeed attractive to kids. 一些酸奶盒子是水果形状的。它们确实对孩子们很有吸引力。 （2） The front part of my car is totally out of shape and you probably can’t recognize it. 我的汽车前面现在完全变形了，你可能都认不出来。 （3） The children enjoy shaping the snow into figures of different people and animals. 孩子们喜欢把雪捏成不同的人和动物的形状。 （4） A huge balloon shaped like a giant cow flew into the air. 形似一头巨牛的大气球飞向了空中。 8. frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的（frightening adj.令人恐惧的 frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬 fright n.惊吓） be frightened of（doing）sth. 害怕（做）某事 be frightened to do sth. 害怕/不敢做某事 Mary was too frightened to tell her family the frightening scene because it frightened her to death. After that, she was frightened of walking through the forest alone in particular. 玛丽太害怕了，不敢告诉家人这可怕的一幕，因为这快把她吓死了。在那之后，她特别害怕独自穿过森林。 9. It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 【教材原句】It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried. 青少年轻微超重是正常的，没有理由为此焦虑。（P45） 句中it是形式主语，动词不定式to be slightly overweight是真正的主语。 ·It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 句型中，形容词说明不定式所表示的行为的性质或特点。能用于该结构的形容词有：difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary, possible等。 ·在It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth. 句型中，形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品行、性格和性质等。能用于该结构的形容词有：nice, good, stupid, silly, careless等。 （1） It is hard for me to finish the difficult task within five days. 对我来说，很难在五天内完成这项艰巨的任务。 （2） It is careless of you to make so many mistakes in this quiz. 你在这次测试中犯了那么多错误，真是太粗心了。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$