Unit 1 Section A 语法精讲精练-【精品课】2024-2025学年八年级英语下册同步精品课件（人教版）

人教版 八年级下册 Section A 1a-1c Unit 1 What’s the matter? 语法精讲精练 语言能力 能够在语篇创设的多种情境中，通过观察归纳、同伴合作等方式，正确理解和运用“have+(a)+病症”结构谈论健康问题，使用情态动词should提出恰当的建议，并掌握反身代词的不同用法 学习能力 能在学习活动中积极与他人合作，共同完成学习任务；能在学习过程中积极思考，主动探究，发现并尝试使用多种策略解决语言学习中的问题，积极进行拓展性运用 思维品质 能够在老师的引导下，通过观察、讨论、归纳等课堂活动，探究“have+(a)+病症”结构，情态动词should和反身代词的用法，提高思维的逻辑性、批判性和创新性，加强语言表达的准确性 文化意识 能够拓宽视野，了解更多治疗病症和急救常识，并增强自我保护意识，懂得关爱他人 学习目标 Learning Objectives Health problems have a/an/the +疾病 have a fever have a cold have a cough have the flu have a headache have a toothache have a stomachache have an earache have a sore throat have a sore back have a/an+“身体部位+ache” have a sore +身体部位 Challenge Ways to talk about illnesses ! Grammar Give advice You / He / She should take one’s temperature. drink more hot water. lie down and rest. see the dentist/doctor/go to a doctor. get an X-ray.. take some medicine. Presentation Revision Pre-grammar Look and say. Look at the pictures and make a short conversation. What’s the matter with the girl? She has a _____________. What should she do? She should ________________. stomachache lie down and rest take his temperature What’s the matter with the boy? He has a ______ . What should he do? He should ___________________. fever What’s the matter with the boy? He has a ___________ . What should he do? He should ______________________. sore throat drink hot tea with honey 5 ________________? 怎么了？ I __________________. 我胃疼。 You _________ eat so much next time. 下次，你不要吃那么多。 根据所给汉语意思把句子补充完整。 What’s the matter have a stomachache shouldn’t What’s the matter with Ben? 本怎么了？ He ___________. He _____________. 他伤了自己。他背疼。 He should _______________. 他应该躺下休息。 has a sore back lie down and rest hurt himself Do you ____________? 你发烧了吗？ Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. / I don’t know. 是的。/不，我没有。/ 我不知道。 Does he _______________? 他牙痛吗？ Yes, he does. 是的。 He should __________ and get an X-ray. 他应该去看牙医，做X光检查。 have a fever have a toothache see a dentist _________________? 她应该怎么做？ She should take her temperature. 她应该量一下体温。 ________ I put some medicine on it? 我应该先用些药吗？ _____________. 是的，你应该。 _______________. 不，你不应该。 What should she do Should Yes, you should No, you shouldn’t Grammar Focus ________________ 怎么了？ I _________________. 头痛 You _________________ next time. 不应该吃这么多 What’s the matter ____ Ben? He hurt himself. He _____________.背痛 He ___________________. 应该躺下休息 ____you____ a fever? Yes, I do./No, I don’t./I don’ t know. _____ he _____ a toothache? Yes, he does. He ________________ and get an X-ray. 应该看牙医 ___________________ 她应该做什么？ She ____________________________. 她应该量体温。 _______________________________? 我应该把药放到它上面去吗？ Yes, you should./No, _____________. 你不应该 have a stomachache with has a sore back should lie down and rest Do have Does have should see a dentist should take her temperature shouldn’t eat so much Should I put some medicine on it you shouldn’t What should she do? What’s wrong ? What’s the matter? What’s the trouble ? What’s wrong / the matter/the trouble (with sb.) ? 询问情况 主语+have/get a(n)+疾病名称表示“患……病或者不舒服” talk about health problems ask for and give advice What should I\he\she do? 2. Should I \he\she do …? 3. You\He\She should\shouldn’t do… 9 What’s the matter? 询问某人发生了什么不愉快的事情、周边发生了什么事情等。用于健康话题时，询问某人哪里不适，matter后可由with引出具体的询问对象。 注意：当只想表示关心，询问对方的身体情况时，不要在What’s the matter之后加with you，What’s the matter with you?可表带有责怪或不理解，会引起误解。 一、询问对方病症，哪里不舒服时： What’s the matter with her？ What’s the trouble with her？ What’s wrong with her？ What’s the matter？ What’s the trouble？ What’s wrong？ Conclusion 还可用来询问某人发生了什么不愉快的事、周围发生了什么事以及“某人怎么了” Try to find out the rules. 考点1 Ask about health problems 1. What’s the matter (with…)? 2. What’s wrong (with…)? 3. What’s the trouble (with…)? 4. What happened (to…)? 5. Is there anything wrong (with…)? 6. Do you have a(n) + 疾病名称? 7. Did you catch/get…? Grammar What's the matter? I have a stomachache. You shouldn't eat so much next time. What's the matter with Ben? He hurt himself. He has a sore back. He should lie down and rest. Do you have a fever? Yes, I do./ No, I don't./I don't know. Does he have a toothache? Yes, he does. He should see a dentist and get an X-ray. What should she do? She should take her temperature. Should I put some medicine on it? Yes, you should./ No, you shouldn't. Grammar Focus have/get a(n)+疾病名称, 表示患病 hurt/cut+反身代词 表示伤着自己了 take/get (take更常见)可以表达诊治 see或go to…表达就医 Grammar Express health problems 主语+have/get /catch a(n)+疾病名称(have更常见). have a fever a cough a cold the flu have have a+病症 have a+部位-ache 二．表达身体疼痛或不舒服时: have a+sore-部位 have a cold have a fever have a headache have a toothache have a sore throat have a sore back 1. have/has+a +病症 have a cold, have a fever, have a cough 2.have/has+a+sore+发病部位 sore 是一个独立的形容词，指的是身体某一部位的酸痛。 如：sore back, sore throat, sore back, sore neck 3.have/has+a+部位-ache -ache作后缀，常与表示身体部位的名词合成一个新词，表身体某 部位疼痛，如：toothache , headache , stomachache . 4.have/has a pain in/on the +身体部位 我胳膊疼I have a pain in my arm. 5.(There is)something wrong with +one’s+部位 某人某部位不舒服或有毛病 我胃不舒服。There is something wrong with my stomach. 在英语中，表达“疼痛或不舒服”时的常用结构。 拓展 hurt ＋具体部位／反身代词 She hurt her leg yesterday. She hurt herself yesterday. be/feel+ 形容词 He is / feels sick. 1.take/get ... 2.see…/go to… 三、表示诊治、就医、建议句型： 3.用情态动词should(应该)/had better(最好)表达建议。 take one’s temperature take some medicine 看医生/牙医 see a/thedentist/doctor 去医院 go to (the) hospital You should lie down and have a rest. 你应该躺下休息。 He’d better go to a doctor. 你最好去看医生。 take/get an X-ray Grammar should 的用法 I should get an X-ray. You should lie down and rest. She should drink more water. They should see a dentist. 情态动词 should 意为“应该；应当”,其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。should 不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。 情态动词 should 意为“应该；应当”,其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。should 不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。 We should be friendly to animals. 我们应该善待动物。 情态动词 should 的用法 Grammar 探究四 should 的句型结构 He should see a doctor. She should not / shouldn’t eat too much. 肯定句 ：主语+should+动词原形+其他. 否定句 ：主语+shouldn’t+动词原形+其他. (1)用于提出建议或劝告,意为“应该”。 You should never say no before you try. 在你尝试之前永远不要说不。 (2)用于表达义务或责任,意为“应该；应当”。 We should respect the old. 我们应该尊敬老人。 (3)表示推测﹐意为“应该会；可能”。 I think they should be at home. 我想他们应该在家里。 1. should的常见用法 Grammar should 的用法 Should I put some medicine on it ? 一般疑问句 ：Should+主语+动词原形+其他? Yes, you should. No, you shouldn’t. 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+should. 否定回答：No, 主语+shouldn’t. (4)用于责备﹑命令或要求,语气比较强烈。 You shouldn’t shout at your mother. 你不应该对你的妈妈大喊大叫。 (5)用于征求对方的意见,意为“应该；应当”,常 用于主语是第一人称的疑问句中。 What should we do now?我们现在该干什么呢? Grammar should 的用法 What should she do? 特殊疑问句 ： 特殊疑问词+should+主语+动词原形+其他? Why should they be quiet ? 反身代词表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它还可以在句中起到强调的作用，用以加强语气。反身代词在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves Try to find out the rules. 反身代词是表示______或______的代词,可译为_____________________，为加强语气，也常译为____________________ 。反身代词与它所指的名词或代词形成互指关系，在_________________上应保持一致。 反射 强调 “本人”、“本身” “亲自”、“自己” 人称、性质、数 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 1、第一、二人称的反身代词是由形容词性物主代词加上 -self或-selves构成的。 2、第三人称的反身代词是由人称代词的宾格加上-self或-selves构成的。 1. 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 e.g. Maria bought herself a scarf. Maria给自己买了一条围巾。 We must look after ourselves very well. 我们必须好好照顾自己。 反身代词的用法： 2. 用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 e.g. She isn’t quite herself today. 她今天身体不太舒服。 Just be yourself. 做你自己就好了。 3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。 e.g. She herself will fly to London tomorrow. 明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。 I met the writer himself last week. 我上周见到了那位作家本人。 4. 某些固定短语当中。 照顾自己 look after oneself / take care of oneself 自学 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 enjoy oneself 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）help oneself to sth. 1. 反身代词不能单独作主语，但可以作主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成作业。 I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself. 【温馨提示】 2. 反身代词不能表示“某人的东西”，没有所有格的形式。 某人自己的（东西）：one’s own 如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。 I’m drawing with my own crayons. 1. When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________. A. my; myself B. my; mine C. me; myself D. me; mine (2024天津) 2. —Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success. —OK, I will. A. myself B. yourself C. herself D. himself (2024云南) A B 3. —I saw your grandma using Douyin on the phone. Who taught her? —Nobody. She taught _______. A. himself B. myself C. herself D. yourself (2023四川遂宁) 4. —Where did you get the toy car? —From Betty. She made it _______. A. myself B. himself C. herself D. yourself (2023河北) C C 1. A: I hurt ______________________________ when I played basketball yesterday. What _______ I do? B: You _______ see a doctor and get an X-ray. 2. A: _______ the matter? B: My sister and I _______ sore throats. _______ we go to school? A: No, you _________. 3. A: _______ Mike _______ a fever? B: No, he _______. He _______ a stomachache. A: He _______ drink some hot tea. myself/my arm/my leg/ my back Fill in the blanks and practice the conversations. 4a should should What’s have Should shouldn’t Does have doesn’t has should Exercise 1. Jenny cut herself. She should (get an X-ray / put some medicine on the cut). My advice: ______________________________. 2. Kate has a toothache. She should (see a dentist / get some sleep). My advice: _____________________________________. 3. Mary and Sue have colds. They shouldn’t (sleep/ exercise). My advice: _______________________________________. 4. Bob has a sore back. He should (lie down and rest / take his temperature). My advice: ______________________. Practice Circle the best advice for these health problems. Then add your own advice. 4b She should/ shouldn’t ... She should brush teeth at least twice a day They should have a rest and drink hot water He should/ shouldn’t ... One student mimes a problem. The other students in your group guess the problem and give advice. Name Problem Advice Liu Peng fall down go home and rest A: What’s the matter? Did you hurt yourself playing soccer? B: No, I didn’t. C: Did you fall down? B: Yes, I did. D: You should go home and get some rest. have for talking about health problems. have/get + (a/an) + 病症 A: What’s the matter with Ben? B: He hurt himself. He has a sore back. A: Do you have a fever? B: Yes, I do. (No, I don’t.) Should/ shouldn’t for suggestions. You shouldn’t eat so much next time. Should I put some medicine on it? Reflexive pronouns He didn’t think about himself. 1、你应该躺下来休息。 You need to ___________ __________ and rest. 2、Because of COVID-19, I am asked to take my t __ ______ before entering school to see if I have a fever. 3、你需要远离电脑休息一下。 You need to __________ _____________away from the computer./4、我昨天伤到了自己。 I_______ _________yesterday. lie down temperature take breaks cut myself 一、完成句子 Exercise We should _______ (keep) away from the Internet. The girl is going to repair the bike by _______ (she). Our teachers often tell us how to teach _________ (we). The boy enjoyed _______ (him) at his birthday party. My uncle _______ (have) a stomachache. You shouldn’t _______ (eat) so much next time. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1 2 3 4 5 6 keep herself ourselves himself has eat 根据短文内容，选择恰当的情态动词填空或在空白处填入恰当的反身代词，使短文完整、通顺。 Long long ago, there was a mountain called Great Hill. And at the foot of the Great Hill lived the Yolks. “We (1)________(should / shouldn’t) reach the top of the Great Hill to see what it’s like up there,” said the Yolks. As a result, many Yolks began to climb. One of them was Egg. Egg climbed very slowly. Some people wanted to help him, but he refused. He thought that he (2)________(should / shouldn’t) climb on his own. should should “I should have confidence (信心) in (3)________. If I go on climbing, I’m sure I (4)________(can / need) reach the top of the Great Hill,” Egg said to (5)________. One day, Egg met another slow climber called Ebbie. Egg helped him and he thanked Egg. Egg said, “You (6)________(can’t / needn’t) thank me. I can’t be of much help to you, because I’m a slow climber, too.” “I don’t care if you climb fast or slowly. You helped me and I (7)________(should / can) thank you,” said Ebbie. myself should can himself needn’t Egg said goodbye to Ebbie and kept on climbing. On his way, he met many other Yolks. Some of them stopped climbing because they didn’t want to make (8)__________ too tired. However, Egg went on climbing because he thought he (9)_________(shouldn’t / needn’t) give up and that he (10)________(could / couldn’t) reach the top sooner or later (迟早). And in the end, he reached the top. themselves could shouldn’t I can use “have” to talk about health problems use modal verb “should/ shouldn’t” for suggestions use reflexive pronouns give my own advice on certain health problem Draw a picture of a human body. Label the body with all the vocabulary terms you know. (e.g. head, back…) Add health problems and link them to the body parts. (e.g. head—headache, back— hurt my back…) Add health advice for each of the health problems. (e.g. head—headache—take some medicine…) $$