精品解析：山东省名校联盟2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题

绝密★启用前 2024—2025学年（下）高三年级开学质量检测 英语 考生注意： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What is the man probably doing? A. Looking for a magazine. B. Asking for assistance. C. Showing the way. 2. When did the woman start waiting for the bus? A. At 4:15 p. m. B. At 4:00 p. m. C. At 3:45 p. m. 3. Where does the woman want to go? A. The post office. B. Broadway Street. C. The grocery store. 4. What did the man probably do last night? A. He went to a restaurant. B. He had his car repaired. C. He attended a party. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Brother and sister. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man think of the house guest probably? A. Confident. B. Selfish. C. Curious. 7. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Kick the house guest out at once. B. Solve the problem as soon as possible. C. Treat the house guest as his friend. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the woman say about the white shirts? A. They’re very popular. B. They’re of high quality. C. They’re not well received. 9. What color shirt does the man try on? A. A white one. B. A pink one. C. A black one. 10. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The man thinks the shirt is expensive. B. The man doesn’t buy the shirt in the end. C. The woman will preserve the shirt for the man. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where did Paul get the information about the flat? A. From the newspaper. B. From Mrs Hamilton. C. From his friend. 12. How many bedrooms are there in the flat? A. Three. B. Two. C. One. 13. What does the woman ask Paul to do? A. Pay the rent first. B. Call her this afternoon. C. See the flat in person. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What is the woman doing when there is a power failure? A. Watching a TV show. B. Working on a paper. C. Preparing for an exam. 15. What is the woman advised to do? A. Have a rest. B. Conduct an experiment. C. Save files timely. 16. What does the woman decide to do next? A. Continue with her study. B. Give the man a flashlight. C. Go out for a walk. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What’s the most important for successful people according to the speaker? A. Being independent-minded. B. Having a strong will. C. Being open to new ideas. 18. What should a person do when choosing a job? A. Apply for a well-paid one. B. Consult some successful people. C. Find the most suitable one. 19. How many pieces of advice does the speaker mention? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 20. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Laid-off workers. B. Elderly people. C. Young people. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Naples is raw and unapologetically real. It’s the soul of Italy, filled with confusing streets, ancient history, and delicious food. Unlike the polished tourist centers of Rome or Florence, Naples offers a genuinely unspoiled experience. It doesn’t try to put on a show to impress; instead, it simply exists in its pure and raw form, and that’s exactly what makes it an unforgettable destination. Royal Palace of Naples Royal Palace of Naples is a must-visit for history and architecture lovers. Located in the heart of the city, it showcases the lifestyle of Italian royalty with grand halls, elegant staircases, and fantastic art collections. The palace offers breathtaking rooms with frescoes (壁画) and views of the Bay of Naples, creating a unique cultural experience. Address: Piazza del Plebiscito, 1, 80132, Napoli NA Bagno Elena Beach This beach is an ideal place to relax and cool off after a busy day of sightseeing. It’s family-friendly, with clean, calm waters and smooth sand. While there is an entrance fee, it’s affordable and well worth it, as this is the best beach option within the city. Plus, you’ll enjoy a unique view of Naples with the cityscape in the background. Address: Via Posillipo, 14, 80123 Napoli NA Napoli Sotterranea While Naples has much to offer above ground, one often overlooked aspect is the city beneath the city. This tour allows you to explore hidden tunnels and ancient remains, providing a unique glimpse into centuries of Naples’ history that you might never have imagined. Address: Piazza San Gaetano 68 Naples Castel Nuovo This castle, standing for over 800 years, is another iconic landmark of Naples. Its entrance is truly striking, featuring an arch framed by two towering columns. Inside, you’ll find a museum filled with incredible artwork, offering plenty to explore. Address: Via Vittorio Emanuele Ⅲ, 80133 Napoli NA 1. What about Naples impresses visitors most? A. Its cuisine. B. Its elegance. C. Its primitiveness. D. Its geography. 2. What is special about Napoli Sotterranea? A. It charges an entrance fee. B. It has clean and calm waters. C. It displays the ancient people’s imagination. D. It provides an underground exploration. 3. What do Royal Palace of Naples and Castel Nuovo have in common? A. They are suitable for the daring. B. They house amazing art collections. C. They are located in the city center. D. They feature the same entrance style. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是意大利那不勒斯的独特魅力，包括其历史悠久的景点如那不勒斯皇宫和新堡，以及地下探险之旅和美丽的巴尼奥埃琳娜海滩，为游客提供难忘的文化与自然体验。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据首段中的“Unlike the polished tourist centers of Rome or Florence, Naples offers a genuinely unspoiled experience. It doesn’t try to put on a show to impress; instead, it simply exists in its pure and raw form, and that’s exactly what makes it an unforgettable destination.(与罗马或佛罗伦萨那些精致的旅游中心不同，那不勒斯提供了一种真正未被破坏的体验。它并不试图通过表演来打动游客；相反，它以纯粹和原始的形式存在，而这正是让它成为一个难忘目的地的原因。)”可知，让那不勒斯成为游客们难忘目的地的原因是它提供一种真正未被破坏的体验，它以纯粹和原始的形式存在，由此可知，那不勒斯以其原始和未加修饰的形式吸引着游客。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Napoli Sotterranea部分中的“This tour allows you to explore hidden tunnels and ancient remains, providing a unique glimpse into centuries of Naples’ history that you might never have imagined.(这次游览让您探索隐藏的隧道和古老的遗迹，为您提供了一个窥视那不勒斯数百年历史的独特机会，这是您可能从未想象过的。)”可知，Napoli Sotterranea提供了一个探索地下隧道和古老遗迹的机会。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Royal Palace of Naples部分中的“Located in the heart of the city, it showcases the lifestyle of Italian royalty with grand halls, elegant staircases, and fantastic art collections.(位于城市的中心，这里通过宏伟的大厅、优雅的楼梯和令人惊叹的艺术收藏展示了意大利皇室的生活方式。)”可知，Royal Palace of Naples拥有令人惊叹的艺术收藏，结合Castel Nuovo部分中的“Inside, you’ll find a museum filled with incredible artwork, offering plenty to explore.(在里面，您会发现一个充满令人难以置信的艺术作品的博物馆，提供了丰富的探索内容。)”可知，Castel Nuovo内部有一个充满令人难以置信的艺术作品的博物馆，由此可知，两者都拥有令人惊叹的艺术收藏。故选B项。 B People usually wash their produce before eating to remove some remains from pesticides (农药). But are your fruits and vegetables really clean enough to eat? Now 14-year-old Sirish Subash from Georgia has won the 2024 3M Young Scientist Challenge for developing an AI-based handheld tool that is very accurate in finding pesticide residues (残留物). The ninth grader at the Gwinnett School of Mathematics, Science, and Technology in Snellville has received the title “America’s Top Young Scientist”, according to a press release from the 3M Company. Now in its 17th year, the challenge supports middle school students to think creatively and apply STEM principles to discover real-world solutions. When the finalists were chosen, they were paired with a 3M scientist who guided them over the summer to help transform their ideas from just concepts into models. Sirish spent four months competing against nine other finalists and secured his win at the final challenge events at 3M’s global headquarters in St. Paul, Minnesota. Sirish’s journey to winning the award came from watching his mother wash vegetables and fruits every day and caution him to always do so. He wondered whether washing actually made a difference. Since 70 percent of produce in the US has pestioide residues that are linked to illnesses like cancer and Alzheimer’s, it’s very important to know if the fruits and vegetables are safe to eat. That’s what PestiSCAND is designed to do. The device works by shining light on the surface of the produce and measuring the wavelengths that bounce back. Sirish has tested the device on more than 12,000 food samples including strawberries, apples, and tomatoes. PestiSCAND uses a sensor and an AI-based processor to achieve an accuracy of over 85 percent. Sirish aims at making this technology widely accessible so that consumers will be able to make safe food choices. But he still believes people should wash their produce anyway. He plans to use the $25,000 prize from the competition to help fund his educational goal of attending MIT. 4. Why was Sirish awarded “America’s Top Young Scientist”? A. He developed a new kind of pesticide. B. He invented a smart pesticide detector. C. He improved an AI-based handheld tool. D. He found a way to remove pesticide residues. 5. What inspired Sirish to make his achievement? A. His interest in the application of AI technology. B. His teacher’s guidance on scientific research. C. His family’s daily routine. D. His ambition to win a competition. 6. Which of the following can best describe Sirish? A. Curious and creative. B. Clever and courageous. C. Confident and knowledgeable. D. Devoted and responsible. 7. What does the text want to tell us? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. A good beginning is half done. C. Achievements are not about age. D. Many hands make light work. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了14岁的Sirish Subash发明了一种基于人工智能的手持工具，用于准确检测农药残留，并因此获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Now 14-year-old Sirish Subash from Georgia has won the 2024 3M Young Scientist Challenge for developing an AI-based handheld tool that is very accurate in finding pesticide residues (残留物).(现在，来自佐治亚州的14岁的Sirish Subash赢得了2024年3M青年科学家挑战赛，该挑战赛开发了一种基于人工智能的手持工具，该工具在寻找农药残留方面非常准确)”可知，Sirish因为发明了一种基于人工智能的手持工具，能够非常准确地检测农药残留，而获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Sirish’s journey to winning the award came from watching his mother wash vegetables and fruits every day and caution him to always do so.(Sirish获得该奖项的旅程来自于看着他的母亲每天洗蔬菜和水果，并提醒他要经常这样做)”可知，Sirish的成就灵感来自于他每天看到母亲洗蔬菜和水果，并告诫他也要这样做。因此，他的家庭日常习惯激发了他的灵感。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“He wondered whether washing actually made a difference.(他好奇清洗是否真的有所作用)”可知，Sirish对清洗是否真的有用感到好奇，这表明他具有好奇心；根据第一段的“Now 14-year-old Sirish Subash from Georgia has won the 2024 3M Young Scientist Challenge for developing an AI-based handheld tool that is very accurate in finding pesticide residues (残留物).(现在，来自佐治亚州的14岁的Sirish Subash赢得了2024年3M青年科学家挑战赛，该挑战赛开发了一种基于人工智能的手持工具，该工具在寻找农药残留方面非常准确)”可知，Sirish发明了一种基于人工智能的手持工具来检测农药残留，这表明他具有创造力。由此可推知，Sirish是一个具有好奇心且有创造力的人。故选A。 7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Now 14-year-old Sirish Subash from Georgia has won the 2024 3M Young Scientist Challenge for developing an AI-based handheld tool that is very accurate in finding pesticide residues (残留物).(现在，来自佐治亚州的14岁的Sirish Subash赢得了2024年3M青年科学家挑战赛，该挑战赛开发了一种基于人工智能的手持工具，该工具在寻找农药残留方面非常准确)”可知，文章主要讲述了14岁的Sirish Subash因为发明了一种基于人工智能的手持工具来检测农药残留而获得了奖项，所以文章想要告诉读者“成就与年龄无关”。故选C。 C One of the least respected but most important ecosystems on Earth is seagrass meadows (草场). Now, these underwater gardens receive a new guest, a specially designed robot. The ReefGen Grasshopper can plant dozens of seagrass seeds per minute. Not only is this faster than a human diver, but much safer as well. It works by injecting a tiny slurry (泥浆) with the seagrass seed inside into the seafloor. After covering a growing plot of four seeds, the robot “jumps” about 30 centimeters away and starts again. Despite covering a very small portion of the seafloor, seagrass meadows are estimated to hold 35 times more carbon than land forests — amounting to around 18% of the total carbon stock of the world’s oceans. ReefGen’s founder Tom Chi dreamed up the idea after watching the degradation (退化) of coral reefs on his home island in Hawaii. The first model of the robot set coral “plugs” onto existing reefs to help regrow them, but the technology was highly expensive for wide-scale use. Now however, broader selections of off-the-shelf parts have driven down the costs of manufacturing and maintaining underwater robots, according to Chris Oakes, CEO of ReefGen. “Manual planting works, but robots are really good when things are dull, dirty, dangerous, or distant — the four Ds,” said Oakes, adding that at the moment, Grasshopper is piloted with a controller by a human on the surface. “Right now, we’re focused on the planting, the biology, and the mechanical aspects; once we’re confident that that’s all designed the right way, we will overlay more semi-autonomous features like navigation, so you don’t actually have to pilot it,” he said. Oakes says that as cool and “flashy” as a robotic solution might seem, the most important factor in its success will be the long-term monitoring of the fields it’s replanting. Are they growing to maturity? Are the seedlings dying off before then? Will they live long enough to seed and grow fields of their own? How do fields it plants compare to fields planted by hand? 8. What is the main function of the ReefGen Grasshopper? A. Protecting coral reefs. B. Cleaning the seafloor. C. Planting seagrass seeds. D. Monitoring the seagrass growth. 9. What do the figures in paragraph 3 indicate? A. The shortage of land forests. B. The value of seagrass meadows. C. The general application of underwater robots. D. The carbon stock of the world’s oceans. 10. What is the key to the success of the Grasshopper’s mission according to Oakes? A. Its market potential. B. Its convenience in operating. C. Its low production expenses. D. Its efficiency in replanting. 11. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Robots Are Trained to Rescue Coral Reefs B. Robots Help Restore Lost Seagrass Meadows C. Seagrass Meadows Provide Benefits to Ecosystems D. Technology Developed to Improve Deep-Sea Ecosystems 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一种名为ReefGen Grasshopper的机器人开始为海草草甸种植海草，介绍了其工作原理以及优势。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The ReefGen Grasshopper can plant dozens of seagrass seeds per minute.(ReefGen Grasshopper每分钟可以种植几十颗海草种子)”可知，ReefGen Grasshopper主要功能是种植海草种子。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Despite covering a very small portion of the seafloor, seagrass meadows are estimated to hold 35 times more carbon than land forests — amounting to around 18% of the total carbon stock of the world’s oceans.(尽管只覆盖了海底很小的一部分，但据估计，海草草甸的碳含量是陆地森林的35倍，约占世界海洋碳储量的18%)”可知，第三段中的数字说明了海草草甸的价值。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Oakes says that as cool and “flashy” as a robotic solution might seem, the most important factor in its success will be the long-term monitoring of the fields it’s replanting. Are they growing to maturity? Are the seedlings dying off before then? Will they live long enough to seed and grow fields of their own? How do fields it plants compare to fields planted by hand? (奥克斯说，尽管机器人解决方案看起来很酷、很“炫”，但它成功的最重要因素将是对它重新种植的田地的长期监测。他们正在成长成熟吗？幼苗会在那之前死去吗？他们能活到播种和耕种自己的田地吗？人工种植的田地和人工种植的田地相比怎么样？)”可知，根据奥克斯的说法，ReefGen Grasshopper任务成功的关键是重新种植的效率。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“One of the least respected but most important ecosystems on Earth is seagrass meadows (草场). Now, these underwater gardens receive a new guest, a specially designed robot.(地球上最不受尊重但最重要的生态系统之一是海草草甸。现在，这些水下花园迎来了一位新客人，一个特别设计的机器人)”以及第二段“The ReefGen Grasshopper can plant dozens of seagrass seeds per minute.(ReefGen Grasshopper每分钟可以种植几十颗海草种子)”，结合文章主要说明了一种名为ReefGen Grasshopper的机器人开始为海草草甸种植海草，介绍了其工作原理以及优势。可知，B选项“机器人帮助恢复失去的海草草地”最符合文章标题。故选B。 D During the best time of year to give children toys comes a new poll that shows four in five parents confirm their child is happier, more social, and more confident in themselves when they play with their favorite toy or doll. The survey of 2,000 U. S. parents of school-aged kids found that 63% believe if their kid plays with toys or dolls early in life, they’ll have an easier time fostering new friendships later in life. 7 in 10 parents report their kids play with dolls and action figure — and they have “many” or “a fair number of” friends — according to the survey by Talker Research. On the question of what makes kids confident, 60% of parents agreed that confidence is defined through a sense of self and forming strong friendships. The study also looked into what parents want their kids to learn or discover while playing with their toys. What was crucial was learning how to integrate themselves into society. That was followed by problem-solving, finding personal interests and communicating with peers. Interestingly, less than one-third of parents named academic skills as being comparable. They showed a stronger interest in instilling (灌输) social and emotional values. “For kids, the holidays are all about play, and are a critical time for their self-growth,” said Dr. Sheryl Ziegler, a Clinical Psychologist and Play Therapist. “The ability to play helps kids navigate their world and sense of self.” On-screen characters have an impact on what toys and dolls kids want to play with. Nearly half of parents say their child often or always plays with toys or dolls based on characters from TV shows or YouTube — and 91% say their kids reenact the scenes. After all, there must be millions of adults who remember wearing a cape (斗篷) when they were young, thinking about their favorite super hero. When asked what they’d like their children to take away from what they watch on TV shows, half of parents named problem-solving as the number one takeaway. Other important takeaways included discovering their personal interests and building confidence. 12. What was the survey meant to discover? A. How toys help kids find true friends. B. How toys influence kids’ development. C. What toys kids like most during holidays. D. What factors affect kids’ confidence. 13. What do the parents value most in their kids’ playing with toys? A. Their creativity. B. Their interests. C. Their problem-solving skills. D. Their socializing ability. 14. Which statement will Dr. Sheryl Ziegler probably agree with? A. Kids should be allowed to play freely on holidays. B. Academic skills are comparably important. C. Parents should help their kids gain the ability to play. D. Playing throughout holidays harms the parent-child relationship. 15 What does the underlined word “reenact” mean in paragraph 5? A. Recreate. B. Record. C. Recommend. D. Remove. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了玩具对孩子成长的影响及家长对此的看法。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“During the best time of year to give children toys comes a new poll that shows four in five parents confirm their child is happier, more social, and more confident in themselves when they play with their favorite toy or doll.(一项新的民意调查显示，在一年中给孩子们玩具的最佳时间，五分之四的父母确认他们的孩子在玩他们最喜欢的玩具或洋娃娃时更快乐、更社交、更自信)”以及第二段的“The survey of 2,000 U.S. parents of school-aged kids found that 63% believe if their kid plays with toys or dolls early in life，they’ll have an easier time fostering new friendships later in life.(一项针对2000名学龄儿童美国家长的调查发现，63%的家长认为，如果他们的孩子在早年玩玩具或玩偶，那么他们在以后的生活中培养新友谊会更容易)”可推知，这项调查是为了发现玩具如何影响孩子的成长。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“What was crucial was learning how to integrate themselves into society. That was followed by problem-solving, finding personal interests and communicating with peers.(最重要的是学习如何融入社会。其次是解决问题、发现个人兴趣和与同龄人交流)”以及第四段的“Interestingly, less than one-third of parents named academic skills as being comparable. They showed a stronger interest in instilling social and emotional values.(有趣的是，不到三分之一的家长认为学术技能是可比的。他们对灌输社会和情感价值观表现出更浓厚的兴趣)”可知，家长在孩子玩玩具时最看重的是他们的社交能力。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中Dr. Sheryl Ziegler的话““For kids, the holidays are all about play, and are a critical time for their self-growth,” said Dr. Sheryl Ziegler, a Clinical Psychologist and Play Therapist. “The ability to play helps kids navigate their world and sense of self.”(临床心理学家兼游戏治疗师谢丽尔·齐格勒博士说：“对于孩子们来说，假期就是玩耍，是他们自我成长的关键时刻。”。“玩耍的能力有助于孩子们驾驭自己的世界和自我意识。”)”可知，她认为孩子们在假期应该尽情玩耍，这对他们的成长很重要。由此可推知，她会同意“孩子们在假期应该被允许自由玩耍”这一观点。故选A。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Nearly half of parents say their child often or always plays with toys or dolls based on characters from TV shows or YouTube(近一半的家长表示，他们的孩子经常或总是玩基于电视节目或YouTube角色的玩具或玩偶)”可知，近一半的家长说他们的孩子经常或总是玩基于电视节目或YouTube上角色的玩具或玩偶，由此可知，91%的家长说他们的孩子会“重现”这些场景，所以画线词意思是“重现”。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone feels fear sometimes. Fear is a universal emotion that has evolved to protect us from danger and help us go through life-threatening situations. Sometimes, we even try to scare ourselves just for fun! ____16____ That’s when understanding why we feel fear and learning effective strategies to face it head-on is crucial for maintaining good mental health. Fear can make us feel bad, but that doesn’t mean fear is an emotion we should completely remove from our lives. ____17____ From an evolutionary standpoint, fear has played a key role in human survival. When we’re faced with a threat, the brain’s amygdala (杏仁核) causes a “fight or flight” response, which prepares the body to escape from the identified danger. ____18____ But these aren’t life-threatening, a bit like a “false alarm”. When false alarms are going off all the time, normal fear responses can move into becoming an anxiety disorder. Luckily, there are some methods we can employ to deal with the fear. The most important is learning about our fear. Learning about the object of our fear can help us take back control. ____19____ Trying some relaxation techniques is also helpful. Deep breathing and muscle relaxation can help lower fear levels. ____20____ So share our fears with friends or family who can offer encouragement. Facing the fear can lead to personal growth. By understanding the science behind fear and employing evidence-based strategies, we can gradually overcome it. A. It’s here to help us survive, after all! B. Let’s imagine you’re experiencing a situation that makes you fearful. C. Sometimes, talking about our fears can make them seem less scary. D. When it gets out of hand, though, it can start damaging our daily lives. E. In modern times, this same mechanism can be caused by many situations. F. Why not start by walking to the end of your street and back with a trusted friend? G. By understanding the reality of the situation, we can uncover the fear and reduce its power over us. 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. E 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种应对恐惧的方法和策略。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Fear is a universal emotion that has evolved to protect us from danger and help us go through life-threatening situations. Sometimes, we even try to scare ourselves just for fun!(恐惧是一种普遍的情感，它已经进化到保护我们免受危险，帮助我们度过危及生命的情况。有时候，我们甚至为了好玩而吓唬自己！)”以及下文“That’s when understanding why we feel fear and learning effective strategies to face it head-on is crucial for maintaining good mental health.(这就是为什么我们会感到恐惧，并学习有效的策略来面对它，这对保持良好的心理健康至关重要。)”可知，前文提到人们有时会为了好玩而吓自己，后文指出理解恐惧并应对它对心理健康很关键，说明恐惧有时会失控并影响生活，D选项When it gets out of hand, though, it can start damaging our daily lives.(然而，当它失控时，它可能会开始破坏我们的日常生活。)可知，符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Fear can make us feel bad, but that doesn’t mean fear is an emotion we should completely remove from our lives.(恐惧会让我们感觉很糟糕，但这并不意味着恐惧是一种我们应该从生活中完全消除的情绪。)”可知，恐惧虽让我们感觉不好，但不意味着要完全消除它，A选项It’s here to help us survive, after all! (毕竟，它是来帮助我们生存的！) 解释了不能消除恐惧的原因，承接上文。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“From an evolutionary standpoint, fear has played a key role in human survival. When we’re faced with a threat, the brain’s amygdala (杏仁核) causes a “fight or flight” response, which prepares the body to escape from the identified danger.(从进化的角度来看，恐惧在人类的生存中起了关键作用。当我们面临威胁时，大脑的杏仁核会产生“战斗或逃跑”反应，让身体准备好逃离已识别的危险。)”以及下文“But these aren’t life-threatening, a bit like a “false alarm”. When false alarms are going off all the time, normal fear responses can move into becoming an anxiety disorder. Luckily, there are some methods we can employ to deal with the fear.(但这些都不会危及生命，有点像“虚惊一场”。当假警报一直响起时，正常的恐惧反应可能会变成一种焦虑障碍。幸运的是，我们可以采用一些方法来处理这种恐惧。)”可知，上文讲述从进化角度恐惧对人类生存的作用，下文提到现在一些并非威胁生命的情况也会引发恐惧，E选项In modern times, this same mechanism can be caused by many situations. (在现代，同样的机制可能由许多情况引起。)可知，E项连接前后文，说明进化中的恐惧机制在现代的情况。 故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“The most important is learning about our fear. Learning about the object of our fear can help us take back control.(最重要的是了解我们的恐惧。了解我们恐惧的对象可以帮助我们重新控制。)”可知，了解恐惧的对象能帮助我们重新掌控，G选项By understanding the reality of the situation, we can uncover the fear and reduce its power over us. (通过了解情况的现实，我们可以发现恐惧并减少它对我们的影响。)进一步阐述了了解恐惧对象后对恐惧的作用，承接上文。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“So share our fears with friends or family who can offer encouragement.(所以，与朋友或家人分享我们的恐惧，他们可以给我们鼓励。)”可知，后文提到与朋友或家人分享恐惧，C选项Sometimes, talking about our fears can make them seem less scary. (有时候，谈论我们的恐惧会让它们看起来不那么可怕。) 可知，说明谈论恐惧的好处，引出后文与他人分享恐惧的内容。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When receiving the school’s only Excellent Teaching Award of the year, I just couldn’t keep my feelings under control. English is not my ____21____ language. I studied a non-English humanities major in China. ____22____, after moving to the United States, English became crucial for my ____23____. Despite significant improvements in my English proficiency, my obvious Chinese accent ____24____, often making learning and professional interactions challenging. During the initial semester, students ____25____ complained about my English, which made me ____26____ and think more about my job security. In response to students’____27____, Professor H, the department head, who always managed to ____28____ the conflict with humor and seriousness, said, “We are all individuals and develop our own unique accents. Dr. Ma’s Chinese accent has charm, and if you listen carefully in class, you will get used to that and eventually ____29____ it.” Protected by Professor H, I _____30_____ improved my English and teaching skills. In the classroom, I _____31_____ my class model, from a lecture-centered one to an interactive one. I turned to the media to improve my language skills and stay _____32_____ on current affairs, enriching my material for classroom discussions. Gradually, my English became more fluent, and my unique integration of stories and cartoons became a _____33_____ of my teaching. Over the years, many things have changed, but not my accent. One student gave me a plaque (匾额). It reads, “An average teacher tells, a good teacher explains, and an excellent teacher inspires.” It _____34_____ me every day. I proudly display my Excellent Teaching Award medal beside it as a reminder to always _____35_____ excellence. 21. A. working B. native C. favorite D. spare 22. A. Instead B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. However 23. A. career B. judgment C. application D. principle 24. A. changed B. weakened C. remained D. helped 25. A. rarely B. jokingly C. accidentally D. frequently 26. A. anxious B. excited C. calm D. abnormal 27. A. invitation B. criticism C. inspiration D. embarrassment 28. A. record B. silence C. access D. admit 29. A. examine B. share C. understand D. believe 30. A. tirelessly B. hopelessly C. randomly D. secretly 31. A. accepted B. shifted C. repeated D. explained 32. A. relaxed B. satisfied C. amused D. informed 33. A. need B. problem C. feature D. report 34. A. motivates B. disturbs C. defends D. corrects 35. A. cheer for B. rely on C. pick out D. go after 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者作为一名教师，在美国克服语言障碍和学生的初期质疑，通过不懈努力提升教学技能，并最终获得学校唯一优秀教学奖的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：英语不是我的母语。A. working工作的；B. native母语的；C. favorite最喜欢的；D. spare空闲的。根据下文的“I studied a non-English humanities major in China.”可知，作者在中国学习了一个非英语的人文学科专业，由此可知，作者的母语不是英语。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，移居美国后，英语对我的职业生涯变得至关重要。A. Instead相反；B. Moreover此外；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。根据上文的“I studied a non-English humanities major in China.”可知，作者是在中国学习了一个非英语的人文学科专业，结合下文的“after moving to the United States, English became crucial”可知，作者到美国后，英语变得非常重要，由此可知，上下文之间为转折关系。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，移居美国后，英语对我的职业生涯变得至关重要。A. career职业生涯；B. judgment判断；C. application申请；D. principle原则。根据上文的“When receiving the school’s only Excellent Teaching Award of the year, I just couldn’t keep my feelings under control.”可知，作者收到学校年度唯一的优秀教学奖，由此可推断，此处指的是英语对作者的职业生涯变得至关重要。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我的英语水平有了显著提高，但我明显的中文口音仍然存在，这经常使学习和专业交流变得具有挑战性。A. changed改变；B. weakened减弱；C. remained仍然；D. helped帮助。根据上文的“often making learning and professional interactions challenging.”可知，这常常使得学习和专业交流变得具有挑战性，由此可推断，此处指的是作者的中文口音仍然存在。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在最初的学期里，学生们频繁抱怨我的英语，这让我感到焦虑，并更多地考虑了我的工作保障。A. rarely很少；B. jokingly开玩笑地；C. accidentally意外地；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文的“During the initial semester”以及下文的“which made me ____6____ and think more about my job security.”可知，在学期初，作者更多考虑工作保障，由此可推断，此处指的是学生们“频繁地”抱怨作者的应与。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在最初的学期里，学生们频繁抱怨我的英语，这让我感到焦虑，并更多地考虑了我的工作保障。A. anxious焦虑的；B. excited兴奋的；C. calm平静的；D. abnormal不正常的。根据上文的“During the initial semester, students ____5____ complained about my English”可知，学期初作者不断遭到学生的抱怨，这应会使得作者感到“焦虑”。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：针对学生的批评，系主任H教授总是能够以幽默和严肃的态度平息冲突。A. invitation邀请；B. criticism批评；C. inspiration灵感；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据上文的“During the initial semester, students ____5____ complained about my English”可知，作者遭到学生的频繁抱怨，由此可指，此处指的是系主任针对学生的“批评”，能以幽默和严肃的态度平息冲突。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：针对学生的批评，系主任H教授总是能够以幽默和严肃的态度平息冲突。A. record记录；B. silence使沉默，压制；C. access接近；D. admit承认。根据语境和下文的“with humor and seriousness”可知，在学生抱怨作者的英语时，H教授应该幽默而严肃地压制冲突的发生，也就是平息冲突。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在课堂上仔细听，你会逐渐习惯并理解它。A. examine检查；B. share分享；C. understand理解；D. believe相信。根据语境和上文的“Dr. Ma’s Chinese accent has charm, and if you listen carefully in class”可知，此处讲述的是H教授在安慰学生，告诉学生作者的汉语口音很有魅力，让学生仔细听会逐渐习惯并“理解”它，符合语境。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在H教授的保护下，我孜孜不倦地提高了我的英语和教学技能。A. tirelessly孜孜不倦地；B. hopelessly绝望地；C. randomly随机地；D. secretly秘密地。根据上文的“Protected by Professor H”以及下文的“improved my English and teaching skills.”可知，在H教授的保护下，作者应该是“孜孜不倦地”提高自己的英语和教学技能。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在课堂上，我将课程模式从以讲座为中心转变为互动式。A. accepted接受；B. shifted转变；C. repeated重复；D. explained解释。根据下文的“from a lecture-centered one to an interactive one.”可知，作者从以讲座为中心的课程到互动的课程，由此可知，此处指的是作者“转变”课堂模式。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我转向媒体来提高我的语言技能并保持对时事的了解，丰富了课堂讨论的素材。A. relaxed放松的；B. satisfied满意的；C. amused娱乐的；D. informed了解的。根据上文的“I turned to the media to improve my language skills”以及下文的“enriching my material for classroom discussions.”可知，作者转向媒体提高语言技能，丰富课堂讨论的素材，由此可推断，此处指的是作者保持对时事的“了解”。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我的英语变得更加流利，而我独特的融合故事和卡通的教学方式成为我的教学特色。A. need需要；B. problem问题；C. feature特色；D. report报告。根据下文的“my unique integration of stories and cartoons”可知，作者的教学方式是独特的，将故事和卡通融合，这成了作者的教学“特色”符合语境。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这块匾上的文字每天都在激励着我。A. motivates激励；B. disturbs打扰；C. defends辩护；D. corrects纠正。根据上文的“It reads, “An average teacher tells, a good teacher explains, and an excellent teacher inspires.””可知，学生送给作者的牌匾上的内容“激励”作者，符合语境。故选A项。 35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我自豪地将我的优秀教学奖章展示在它旁边，作为不断追求卓越的提醒。A. cheer for为……欢呼；B. rely on依赖；C. pick out挑选；D. go after追求。根据上文的“I proudly display my Excellent Teaching Award medal beside it as a reminder”可知，作者将获得的奖章放在牌匾旁边，以此提醒作者要不断“追求”卓越，符合语境。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Jianbing, a traditional Chinese pancake originating from Shandong Province, boasts a rich history that ____36____ (date) back centuries. Legend has ____37____ that the food carried by Meng Jiangnu was a form of jianbing. By the Ming and Qing dynasties, the preparation and consumption of jianbing ____38____ (become) widespread in Shandong. While the exact origins of modern jianbing methods are challenging to pinpoint, the term “jianbing” has a long-standing ____39____ (present) in Shandong’s culinary lexicon. Shandong jianbing is predominantly found in ____40____ (region) such as Linyi, Tai’ an, Jinan, Zibo, Zaozhuang, and Rizhao. The geographical locations, climatic conditions, and abundant local resources contribute ____41____ the unique ingredients and flavors of jianbing in each area. Among them, Linyi jianbing, ____42____ historical significance and deliciousness have earned it the title of “a unique treasure of China”, stands out as a staple for the people of the Yimeng Old Area. Shandong jianbing is known for its thin, paper-like texture and delightful crunch. The cooking process requires precise control of temperature and cooking time ____43____ (achieve) the desired crispiness and golden color. The pancake retains the original smell of the flour while incorporating the diverse flavors of various grains, resulting in a rich tasting experience. ____44____ (remarkable), jianbing also possesses excellent chewiness and palatability, making it versatile enough to pair with a variety of ingredients. Common combinations include jianbing _____45_____ (wrap) around green onions or stir-fried vegetables, creating a delicious and satisfying meal. 【答案】36. dates 37. it 38. had become 39. presence 40. regions 41. to 42. whose 43. to achieve 44. Remarkably 45. wrapped 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了煎饼的历史和起源地。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：煎饼是一种传统的中国煎饼，起源于山东，拥有悠久的历史，可以追溯到几个世纪前。根据句意可知，此处为that引导定语从句中谓语动词的填入，该句为阐述客观事实，为一般现在时，先行词history在从句中作主语，从句的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，date back to“追溯到……”，固定短语，date的第三人称单数形式为dates。故填dates。 【37题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：传说孟姜女所携带的食物是煎饼的一种。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型Legend has it that…“传说……”。故填it。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：到了明清时期，煎饼的制作和食用已经在山东普及。根据句意以及时间状语By the Ming and Qing dynasties可知，本句时态为过去完成时，表示动作发生在过去的过去，谓语动词应用“had＋过去分词”，become的过去分词为become。故填had become。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：虽然现代煎饼制作方法的准确起源很难确定，但“煎饼”一词在山东的烹饪词典中有着长期的存在。根据句意和a可知，形容词long-standing后应接名词， present的名词为presence，意为“存在”。故填presence。 【40题详解】 考查名词复数形式。句意：山东煎饼主要分布在临沂、泰安、济南、淄博、枣庄、日照等地。根据句意和“Linyi, Tai’ an, Jinan, Zibo, Zaozhuang, and Rizhao (临沂、泰安、济南、淄博、枣庄、日照)”可知，此处应用可数名词region (地区)的复数形式regions。故填regions。 【41题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：每个地区的地理位置、气候条件和丰富的当地资源造就了独特的煎饼食材和风味。分析句子可知，此处contribute to“导致”为固定短语。故填to。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：其中，临沂煎饼因其历史意义和美味，赢得了“中国独一无二的瑰宝”的称号，成为沂蒙老区人民的主食。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Linyi jianbing，指物，在定语从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【43题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：烹饪过程需要精确控制温度和烹饪时间，以达到理想的酥脆和金黄色。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”，作目的状语，满足句意要求。故填to achieve。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：值得注意的是，煎饼还具有极佳的嚼劲和适口性，可以搭配各种食材。分析句子可知，此处为单个副词位于句首作状语，修饰后面整个句子。故填Remarkably。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：常见的搭配包括把煎饼包在大葱或炒蔬菜里，做出美味又令人满意的一餐。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰jianbing，逻辑主语jianbing和wrap之间为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填wrapped。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校将开展主题为Labor Creates Value的实践活动。请你写一则通知发表在校英文报上，内容包括： 1. 活动介绍； 2. 注意事项。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Union 【答案】One possible version: Notice Aiming to enhance students’ understanding of the significance of labor and its role in creating value, our school will organize a practice, whose theme is Labor Creates Value. This practice will kick off on our school farm this Saturday morning. Participants will be divided into groups to plant some vegetables under experienced farmers’ guidance. Through hands-on experience, we can learn the significance of labor. Don’t forget to gather at 8:00 am at the school gate, and wear suitable clothes and shoes. Most importantly, follow safety instructions during the activity. Come to join us and appreciate the beauty of labor! The Student Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为主题为Labor Creates Value的实践活动写一则通知发表在校英文报上。 【详解】1.词汇积累 加强：enhance→strengthen 开始：kick off→begin 指导：guidance→instruction 欣赏：appreciate→enjoy 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：This practice will kick off on our school farm this Saturday morning. Participants will be divided into groups to plant some vegetables under experienced farmers’ guidance. 拓展句：This practice will kick off on our school farm this Saturday morning, where participants will be divided into groups to plant some vegetables under experienced farmers’ guidance. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Aiming to enhance students’ understanding of the significance of labor and its role in creating value, our school will organize a practice, whose theme is Labor Creates Value. (运用了whose引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Don’t forget to gather at 8:00 am at the school gate, and wear suitable clothes and shoes. (运用了否定祈使句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the eyes of some people, Tom was a kid who often caused trouble. He would secretly stick chewing gum (泡泡糖) on the hair of the girl sitting in the front row in the classroom; he would also scare the classmates passing by at the corner of the corridor. However, one thing changed people’s view on him. Last summer vacation, Tom went to visit his uncle in Los Angeles with his mother. He was very excited all the way because he was going to see his cousin whom he hadn’t seen for many years. While waiting at the New York Airport, he kept asking his mother when they could board the plane. His mother simply said he should be patient. The fourth time he asked, a noise not far away attracted him. Pushing through the crowd, Tom saw a little boy lying on a trolley, looking a bit painful. Next to him, an older man was anxiously communicating with the staff. As he was eager to know when he could board the plane, Tom didn’t pay much attention to this incident. At this time, the airport broadcast announced that passengers bound for Los Angeles could board the plane. Tom couldn’t wait to pull his mother towards the boarding gate. Soon, everyone got on the plane. Ten minutes later, the plane began to taxi, indicating that it was about to take off. Tom became even more excited. However, an action by the flight attendant made him a little confused. A staff member walked up to the passenger next to Tom and said, “A little boy who urgently needs to fly to Los Angeles for an operation must board the plane with his brother. But since the plane is full, the last two passengers who boarded need to get off the plane.” Unfortunately, those two passengers and several others were part of a choir (合唱团), and they had an important performance the next morning, which meant none of them could be missing. So they were a little hesitant about this decision. But no one else on the plane offered to give up their seats. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At that moment, what Tom did moved the people present. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Three days later, Tom received a call from the New York Airport. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: At that moment, what Tom did moved the people present. He took a deep breath and untied his seatbelt. Standing up, he said firmly, “I’ll get off the plane.” His mother looked at him with a mixture of surprise and pride. The other passengers stared in disbelief as Tom collected his things. When arriving at the boarding gate, Tom saw the boy who he had noticed minutes before. The gratitude in the brother’s eyes was obvious as he thanked Tom and his mother repeatedly. Tom just smiled shyly, and cheered for them. The little boy and his brother boarded the plane at the last minute. Three days later, Tom received a call from the New York Airport. The airport manager first informed him that thanks to his generosity, the boy was saved finally. Then the manager added that they were so touched by Tom’s kindness that they would offer him and his mother free round-trip tickets to any destination of their choice. Tom was overjoyed and employed that chance to get together with his uncle. Tom’s experience taught him that a single act of kindness could have a ripple effect, changing not only the lives of those he helped but also how the world saw him. From then on, he continued to look for chances to make a positive impact, proving that everyone has the potential for great good, no matter their past. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了原本被认为爱惹麻烦的Tom，因一次善举改变了人们对他的看法。去年暑假，Tom和母亲去看望叔叔，在机场候机时，他注意到一个痛苦的小男孩和焦急的长者。登机后，工作人员称小男孩急需登机去做手术，需最后两名乘客下飞机，但这两名乘客是合唱团成员，因不能缺席演出而犹豫，其他人也没有提出下飞机。关键时刻，Tom主动下飞机，其行为令众人感动。三天后，机场经理致电告知因Tom的慷慨小男孩得救，并为Tom和母亲提供免费往返机票。Tom的经历让他明白善举能产生连锁反应，此后他继续寻找机会做好事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在那一刻，Tom的所作所为感动了在场的人。”可知，第一段可描写Tom主动提出下飞机，其他乘客感到非常惊讶，下了飞机后他遇到那个小男孩，被表达感谢，小男孩顺利登机。 ②由第二段首句内容“三天后，Tom接到纽约机场打来的电话。”可知，第二段可描写机场工作人员告知Tom小男孩顺利获救，并为Tom的善行送上一份礼物，Tom感到非常开心，从这次自己所做的好事中领悟到善行的力量和意义，继续去做好事。 2. 续写线索：Tom的行为感动在场的人——Tom主动提出下飞机——Tom收到小男孩的感谢，小男孩顺利登机——Tom接到机场的电话——Tom被告知小男孩顺利得救，被送上礼物——Tom的感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①盯着看：stare/gaze ②看到：notice/see/spot ③利用：employ/make use of ④改变：change/alter ⑤寻找：look for/seek/search for 情绪类 ①惊讶：surprise/amazement ②感激：gratitude/gratefulness ③狂喜的：overjoyed/on cloud nine/ecstatic 【点睛】[高分句型1] Then the manager added that they were so touched by Tom’s kindness that they would offer him and his mother free round-trip tickets to any destination of their choice. (that引导宾语从句、so… that…引导结果状语从句) [高分句型2] From then on, he continued to look for chances to make a positive impact, proving that everyone has the potential for great good, no matter their past. (现在分词作状语、that引导宾语从句) 听力1—5 BCAAC 6—10 BBACB 11—15 ABCBC 16—20 AACBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★启用前 2024—2025学年（下）高三年级开学质量检测 英语 考生注意： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What is the man probably doing? A. Looking for a magazine. B. Asking for assistance. C. Showing the way. 2. When did the woman start waiting for the bus? A. At 4:15 p. m. B. At 4:00 p. m. C. At 3:45 p. m. 3. Where does the woman want to go? A. The post office. B. Broadway Street. C. The grocery store. 4. What did the man probably do last night? A. He went to a restaurant. B. He had his car repaired. C. He attended a party. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Brother and sister. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man think of the house guest probably? A. Confident. B. Selfish. C. Curious. 7. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Kick the house guest out at once. B Solve the problem as soon as possible. C. Treat the house guest as his friend. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the woman say about the white shirts? A. They’re very popular. B. They’re of high quality. C. They’re not well received. 9. What color shirt does the man try on? A. A white one. B. A pink one. C. A black one. 10. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The man thinks the shirt is expensive. B. The man doesn’t buy the shirt in the end. C. The woman will preserve the shirt for the man. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where did Paul get the information about the flat? A. From the newspaper. B. From Mrs Hamilton. C. From his friend. 12. How many bedrooms are there in the flat? A. Three. B. Two. C. One. 13. What does the woman ask Paul to do? A. Pay the rent first. B. Call her this afternoon. C. See the flat in person. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What is the woman doing when there is a power failure? A Watching a TV show. B. Working on a paper. C. Preparing for an exam. 15. What is the woman advised to do? A. Have a rest. B. Conduct an experiment. C. Save files timely. 16. What does the woman decide to do next? A. Continue with her study. B. Give the man a flashlight. C. Go out for a walk. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What’s the most important for successful people according to the speaker? A. Being independent-minded. B. Having a strong will. C. Being open to new ideas. 18. What should a person do when choosing a job? A. Apply for a well-paid one. B. Consult some successful people. C. Find the most suitable one. 19. How many pieces of advice does the speaker mention? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 20. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Laid-off workers. B. Elderly people. C. Young people. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Naples is raw and unapologetically real. It’s the soul of Italy, filled with confusing streets, ancient history, and delicious food. Unlike the polished tourist centers of Rome or Florence, Naples offers a genuinely unspoiled experience. It doesn’t try to put on a show to impress; instead, it simply exists in its pure and raw form, and that’s exactly what makes it an unforgettable destination. Royal Palace of Naples Royal Palace of Naples is a must-visit for history and architecture lovers. Located in the heart of the city, it showcases the lifestyle of Italian royalty with grand halls, elegant staircases, and fantastic art collections. The palace offers breathtaking rooms with frescoes (壁画) and views of the Bay of Naples, creating a unique cultural experience. Address: Piazza del Plebiscito, 1, 80132, Napoli NA Bagno Elena Beach This beach is an ideal place to relax and cool off after a busy day of sightseeing. It’s family-friendly, with clean, calm waters and smooth sand. While there is an entrance fee, it’s affordable and well worth it, as this is the best beach option within the city. Plus, you’ll enjoy a unique view of Naples with the cityscape in the background. Address: Via Posillipo, 14, 80123 Napoli NA Napoli Sotterranea While Naples has much to offer above ground, one often overlooked aspect is the city beneath the city. This tour allows you to explore hidden tunnels and ancient remains, providing a unique glimpse into centuries of Naples’ history that you might never have imagined. Address: Piazza San Gaetano 68 Naples Castel Nuovo This castle, standing for over 800 years, is another iconic landmark of Naples. Its entrance is truly striking, featuring an arch framed by two towering columns. Inside, you’ll find a museum filled with incredible artwork, offering plenty to explore. Address: Via Vittorio Emanuele Ⅲ, 80133 Napoli NA 1. What about Naples impresses visitors most? A. Its cuisine. B. Its elegance. C. Its primitiveness. D. Its geography. 2. What is special about Napoli Sotterranea? A. It charges an entrance fee. B. It has clean and calm waters. C. It displays the ancient people’s imagination. D. It provides an underground exploration. 3. What do Royal Palace of Naples and Castel Nuovo have in common? A. They are suitable for the daring. B. They house amazing art collections. C. They are located in the city center. D. They feature the same entrance style. B People usually wash their produce before eating to remove some remains from pesticides (农药). But are your fruits and vegetables really clean enough to eat? Now 14-year-old Sirish Subash from Georgia has won the 2024 3M Young Scientist Challenge for developing an AI-based handheld tool that is very accurate in finding pesticide residues (残留物). The ninth grader at the Gwinnett School of Mathematics, Science, and Technology in Snellville has received the title “America’s Top Young Scientist”, according to a press release from the 3M Company. Now in its 17th year, the challenge supports middle school students to think creatively and apply STEM principles to discover real-world solutions. When the finalists were chosen, they were paired with a 3M scientist who guided them over the summer to help transform their ideas from just concepts into models. Sirish spent four months competing against nine other finalists and secured his win at the final challenge events at 3M’s global headquarters in St. Paul, Minnesota. Sirish’s journey to winning the award came from watching his mother wash vegetables and fruits every day and caution him to always do so. He wondered whether washing actually made a difference. Since 70 percent of produce in the US has pestioide residues that are linked to illnesses like cancer and Alzheimer’s, it’s very important to know if the fruits and vegetables are safe to eat. That’s what PestiSCAND is designed to do. The device works by shining light on the surface of the produce and measuring the wavelengths that bounce back. Sirish has tested the device on more than 12,000 food samples including strawberries, apples, and tomatoes. PestiSCAND uses a sensor and an AI-based processor to achieve an accuracy of over 85 percent. Sirish aims at making this technology widely accessible so that consumers will be able to make safe food choices. But he still believes people should wash their produce anyway. He plans to use the $25000 prize from the competition to help fund his educational goal of attending MIT. 4. Why was Sirish awarded “America’s Top Young Scientist”? A. He developed a new kind of pesticide. B. He invented a smart pesticide detector. C. He improved an AI-based handheld tool. D. He found a way to remove pesticide residues. 5. What inspired Sirish to make his achievement? A. His interest in the application of AI technology. B. His teacher’s guidance on scientific research. C. His family’s daily routine. D. His ambition to win a competition. 6. Which of the following can best describe Sirish? A. Curious and creative. B. Clever and courageous. C. Confident and knowledgeable. D. Devoted and responsible. 7. What does the text want to tell us? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. A good beginning is half done. C. Achievements are not about age. D. Many hands make light work. C One of the least respected but most important ecosystems on Earth is seagrass meadows (草场). Now, these underwater gardens receive a new guest, a specially designed robot. The ReefGen Grasshopper can plant dozens of seagrass seeds per minute. Not only is this faster than a human diver, but much safer as well. It works by injecting a tiny slurry (泥浆) with the seagrass seed inside into the seafloor. After covering a growing plot of four seeds, the robot “jumps” about 30 centimeters away and starts again. Despite covering a very small portion of the seafloor, seagrass meadows are estimated to hold 35 times more carbon than land forests — amounting to around 18% of the total carbon stock of the world’s oceans. ReefGen’s founder Tom Chi dreamed up the idea after watching the degradation (退化) of coral reefs on his home island in Hawaii. The first model of the robot set coral “plugs” onto existing reefs to help regrow them, but the technology was highly expensive for wide-scale use. Now however, broader selections of off-the-shelf parts have driven down the costs of manufacturing and maintaining underwater robots, according to Chris Oakes, CEO of ReefGen. “Manual planting works, but robots are really good when things are dull, dirty, dangerous, or distant — the four Ds,” said Oakes, adding that at the moment, Grasshopper is piloted with a controller by a human on the surface. “Right now, we’re focused on the planting, the biology, and the mechanical aspects; once we’re confident that that’s all designed the right way, we will overlay more semi-autonomous features like navigation, so you don’t actually have to pilot it,” he said. Oakes says that as cool and “flashy” as a robotic solution might seem, the most important factor in its success will be the long-term monitoring of the fields it’s replanting. Are they growing to maturity? Are the seedlings dying off before then? Will they live long enough to seed and grow fields of their own? How do fields it plants compare to fields planted by hand? 8. What is the main function of the ReefGen Grasshopper? A. Protecting coral reefs. B. Cleaning the seafloor. C. Planting seagrass seeds. D. Monitoring the seagrass growth. 9. What do the figures in paragraph 3 indicate? A. The shortage of land forests. B. The value of seagrass meadows. C. The general application of underwater robots. D. The carbon stock of the world’s oceans. 10. What is the key to the success of the Grasshopper’s mission according to Oakes? A. Its market potential. B. Its convenience in operating. C. Its low production expenses. D. Its efficiency in replanting. 11. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Robots Are Trained to Rescue Coral Reefs B. Robots Help Restore Lost Seagrass Meadows C. Seagrass Meadows Provide Benefits to Ecosystems D. Technology Developed to Improve Deep-Sea Ecosystems D During the best time of year to give children toys comes a new poll that shows four in five parents confirm their child is happier, more social, and more confident in themselves when they play with their favorite toy or doll. The survey of 2,000 U. S. parents of school-aged kids found that 63% believe if their kid plays with toys or dolls early in life, they’ll have an easier time fostering new friendships later in life. 7 in 10 parents report their kids play with dolls and action figure — and they have “many” or “a fair number of” friends — according to the survey by Talker Research. On the question of what makes kids confident, 60% of parents agreed that confidence is defined through a sense of self and forming strong friendships. The study also looked into what parents want their kids to learn or discover while playing with their toys. What was crucial was learning how to integrate themselves into society. That was followed by problem-solving, finding personal interests and communicating with peers. Interestingly, less than one-third of parents named academic skills as being comparable. They showed a stronger interest in instilling (灌输) social and emotional values. “For kids, the holidays are all about play, and are a critical time for their self-growth,” said Dr. Sheryl Ziegler, a Clinical Psychologist and Play Therapist. “The ability to play helps kids navigate their world and sense of self.” On-screen characters have an impact on what toys and dolls kids want to play with. Nearly half of parents say their child often or always plays with toys or dolls based on characters from TV shows or YouTube — and 91% say their kids reenact the scenes. After all, there must be millions of adults who remember wearing a cape (斗篷) when they were young, thinking about their favorite super hero. When asked what they’d like their children to take away from what they watch on TV shows, half of parents named problem-solving as the number one takeaway. Other important takeaways included discovering their personal interests and building confidence. 12. What was the survey meant to discover? A. How toys help kids find true friends. B. How toys influence kids’ development. C. What toys kids like most during holidays. D. What factors affect kids’ confidence. 13 What do the parents value most in their kids’ playing with toys? A. Their creativity. B. Their interests. C. Their problem-solving skills. D. Their socializing ability. 14. Which statement will Dr. Sheryl Ziegler probably agree with? A. Kids should be allowed to play freely on holidays. B. Academic skills are comparably important. C. Parents should help their kids gain the ability to play. D. Playing throughout holidays harms the parent-child relationship. 15. What does the underlined word “reenact” mean in paragraph 5? A. Recreate. B. Record. C. Recommend. D. Remove. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone feels fear sometimes. Fear is a universal emotion that has evolved to protect us from danger and help us go through life-threatening situations. Sometimes, we even try to scare ourselves just for fun! ____16____ That’s when understanding why we feel fear and learning effective strategies to face it head-on is crucial for maintaining good mental health. Fear can make us feel bad but that doesn’t mean fear is an emotion we should completely remove from our lives. ____17____ From an evolutionary standpoint, fear has played a key role in human survival. When we’re faced with a threat, the brain’s amygdala (杏仁核) causes a “fight or flight” response, which prepares the body to escape from the identified danger. ____18____ But these aren’t life-threatening, a bit like a “false alarm”. When false alarms are going off all the time, normal fear responses can move into becoming an anxiety disorder. Luckily, there are some methods we can employ to deal with the fear. The most important is learning about our fear. Learning about the object of our fear can help us take back control. ____19____ Trying some relaxation techniques is also helpful. Deep breathing and muscle relaxation can help lower fear levels. ____20____ So share our fears with friends or family who can offer encouragement. Facing the fear can lead to personal growth. By understanding the science behind fear and employing evidence-based strategies, we can gradually overcome it. A. It’s here to help us survive, after all! B. Let’s imagine you’re experiencing a situation that makes you fearful. C. Sometimes, talking about our fears can make them seem less scary. D. When it gets out of hand, though, it can start damaging our daily lives. E. In modern times, this same mechanism can be caused by many situations. F. Why not start by walking to the end of your street and back with a trusted friend? G. By understanding the reality of the situation, we can uncover the fear and reduce its power over us. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When receiving the school’s only Excellent Teaching Award of the year, I just couldn’t keep my feelings under control. English is not my ____21____ language. I studied a non-English humanities major in China. ____22____, after moving to the United States, English became crucial for my ____23____. Despite significant improvements in my English proficiency, my obvious Chinese accent ____24____, often making learning and professional interactions challenging. During the initial semester, students ____25____ complained about my English, which made me ____26____ and think more about my job security. In response to students’____27____, Professor H, the department head, who always managed to ____28____ the conflict with humor and seriousness, said, “We are all individuals and develop our own unique accents. Dr. Ma’s Chinese accent has charm, and if you listen carefully in class, you will get used to that and eventually ____29____ it.” Protected by Professor H, I _____30_____ improved my English and teaching skills. In the classroom, I _____31_____ my class model, from a lecture-centered one to an interactive one. I turned to the media to improve my language skills and stay _____32_____ on current affairs, enriching my material for classroom discussions. Gradually, my English became more fluent, and my unique integration of stories and cartoons became a _____33_____ of my teaching. Over the years, many things have changed, but not my accent. One student gave me a plaque (匾额). It reads, “An average teacher tells, a good teacher explains, and an excellent teacher inspires.” It _____34_____ me every day. I proudly display my Excellent Teaching Award medal beside it as a reminder to always _____35_____ excellence. 21. A. working B. native C. favorite D. spare 22. A. Instead B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. However 23. A. career B. judgment C. application D. principle 24. A. changed B. weakened C. remained D. helped 25. A. rarely B. jokingly C. accidentally D. frequently 26. A. anxious B. excited C. calm D. abnormal 27. A. invitation B. criticism C. inspiration D. embarrassment 28. A. record B. silence C. access D. admit 29. A. examine B. share C. understand D. believe 30. A. tirelessly B. hopelessly C. randomly D. secretly 31. A. accepted B. shifted C. repeated D. explained 32. A. relaxed B. satisfied C. amused D. informed 33. A. need B. problem C. feature D. report 34. A. motivates B. disturbs C. defends D. corrects 35. A. cheer for B. rely on C. pick out D. go after 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Jianbing, a traditional Chinese pancake originating from Shandong Province, boasts a rich history that ____36____ (date) back centuries. Legend has ____37____ that the food carried by Meng Jiangnu was a form of jianbing. By the Ming and Qing dynasties, the preparation and consumption of jianbing ____38____ (become) widespread in Shandong. While the exact origins of modern jianbing methods are challenging to pinpoint, the term “jianbing” has a long-standing ____39____ (present) in Shandong’s culinary lexicon. Shandong jianbing is predominantly found in ____40____ (region) such as Linyi, Tai’ an, Jinan, Zibo, Zaozhuang, and Rizhao. The geographical locations, climatic conditions, and abundant local resources contribute ____41____ the unique ingredients and flavors of jianbing in each area. Among them, Linyi jianbing, ____42____ historical significance and deliciousness have earned it the title of “a unique treasure of China”, stands out as a staple for the people of the Yimeng Old Area. Shandong jianbing is known for its thin, paper-like texture and delightful crunch. The cooking process requires precise control of temperature and cooking time ____43____ (achieve) the desired crispiness and golden color. The pancake retains the original smell of the flour while incorporating the diverse flavors of various grains, resulting in a rich tasting experience. ____44____ (remarkable), jianbing also possesses excellent chewiness and palatability, making it versatile enough to pair with a variety of ingredients. Common combinations include jianbing _____45_____ (wrap) around green onions or stir-fried vegetables, creating a delicious and satisfying meal. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校将开展主题为Labor Creates Value的实践活动。请你写一则通知发表在校英文报上，内容包括： 1. 活动介绍； 2. 注意事项。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Union 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the eyes of some people, Tom was a kid who often caused trouble. He would secretly stick chewing gum (泡泡糖) on the hair of the girl sitting in the front row in the classroom; he would also scare the classmates passing by at the corner of the corridor. However, one thing changed people’s view on him. Last summer vacation, Tom went to visit his uncle in Los Angeles with his mother. He was very excited all the way because he was going to see his cousin whom he hadn’t seen for many years. While waiting at the New York Airport, he kept asking his mother when they could board the plane. His mother simply said he should be patient. The fourth time he asked, a noise not far away attracted him. Pushing through the crowd, Tom saw a little boy lying on a trolley, looking a bit painful. Next to him, an older man was anxiously communicating with the staff. As he was eager to know when he could board the plane, Tom didn’t pay much attention to this incident. At this time, the airport broadcast announced that passengers bound for Los Angeles could board the plane. Tom couldn’t wait to pull his mother towards the boarding gate. Soon, everyone got on the plane. Ten minutes later, the plane began to taxi, indicating that it was about to take off. Tom became even more excited. However, an action by the flight attendant made him a little confused. A staff member walked up to the passenger next to Tom and said, “A little boy who urgently needs to fly to Los Angeles for an operation must board the plane with his brother. But since the plane is full, the last two passengers who boarded need to get off the plane.” Unfortunately, those two passengers and several others were part of a choir (合唱团), and they had an important performance the next morning, which meant none of them could be missing. So they were a little hesitant about this decision. But no one else on the plane offered to give up their seats. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At that moment, what Tom did moved the people present. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Three days later, Tom received a call from the New York Airport. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1—5 BCAAC 6—10 BBACB 11—15 ABCBC 16—20 AACBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$