小升初语法 动词（讲义）-2024-2025学年人教PEP版英语六年级下册

小升初英语语法：动词全解析及练习 一、动词的分类 1、实义动词：有实际意义，能独立作谓语。比如 “run（跑）”“eat（吃）”“play（玩）” 等。例如：I run every morning.（我每天早上跑步。） 2、系动词：本身有一定意义，但不能独立作谓语，后面需接表语（多为形容词、名词等）构成系表结构。常见的系动词有 “be（是）”“look（看起来）”“sound（听起来）”“feel（感觉）”“taste（尝起来）”“smell（闻起来）” 等。例如：The flower smells sweet.（这花闻起来很香。） 3、助动词：没有实际意义，不能独立作谓语，帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等。常见的助动词有 “be（用于进行时和被动语态）”“do（用于一般现在时和一般过去时的否定句和疑问句）”“have（用于完成时）” 等 。例如：Do you like apples?（你喜欢苹果吗？） 4、情态动词：本身有一定意义，但不能独立作谓语，后面接动词原形，表示说话人的语气和情态，如 “can（能，会）”“could（can 的过去式，能，会；也可用于委婉语气）”“may（可以，可能）”“might（may 的过去式，可能；也可用于委婉语气）”“must（必须，一定）”“should（应该）” 等。例如：You must study hard.（你必须努力学习。） 二、动词的时态 1、一般现在时 构成：主语 + 动词原形（主语是第三人称单数时，动词加 -s 或 -es）。 用法：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态；表示客观事实或普遍真理。例如：He often goes to school by bike.（他经常骑自行车去上学。）The earth moves around the sun.（地球围绕太阳转。） 2、一般过去时 构成：主语 + 动词的过去式。 用法：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：I went to the park yesterday.（我昨天去了公园。） 现在进行时 构成：主语 + am/is/are + 动词的现在分词（动词原形 + -ing）。 用法：表示现在正在进行的动作。例如：They are playing football now.（他们现在正在踢足球。） 3、一般将来时 构成：主语 + will + 动词原形 ；主语 + be going to + 动词原形。 用法：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：I will go to Beijing next week.（我下周要去北京。）He is going to visit his grandparents this weekend.（他这个周末打算去看望他的祖父母。） 三、动词的语态 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者。例如：Tom cleans the room.（汤姆打扫房间。） 四、非谓语动词 1、动词不定式：由 “to + 动词原形” 构成，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。例如：To learn English is important.（学英语很重要。）（作主语）I want to go shopping.（我想去购物。）（作宾语） 2、动名词：由 “动词原形 + -ing” 构成，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语等。例如：Swimming is my favorite sport.（游泳是我最喜欢的运动。）（作主语）I enjoy reading books.（我喜欢读书。）（作宾语） 3、分词：分为现在分词（动词原形 + -ing）。现在分词表示主动和进行。分词在句中可以作定语、状语、宾语补足语等。例如：The running boy is my brother.（正在跑步的男孩是我的弟弟。）（现在分词作定语） 动词练习题 一、单项选择（30 道） 1. My father usually ______ to work by car. A. go B. goes C. going D. to go 1. Look! The children ______ games in the park. A. play B. played C. are playing D. will play 1. I ______ a movie with my friends last night. A. watch B. watches C. watched D. am watching 1. She ______ able to ride a bike when she was five years old. A. can B. could C. is D. was 1. —______ you ______ your homework yet? —Yes, I ______ it a moment ago. A. Did; finish; finished B. Have; finished; finished C. Have; finished; have finished D. Will; finish; finish 1. The book ______ by Lu Xun. It's very famous. A. writes B. wrote C. is written D. was written 1. The students ______ an English class now. A. have B. had C. are having D. will have 1. He ______ to school by bike every day, but tomorrow he ______ to school by bus. A. goes; goes B. goes; will go C. went; will go D. will go; goes 1. My mother asked me ______ the room. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned 1. I enjoy ______ music. It makes me relaxed. A. listen to B. listening to C. to listen to D. listened to 1. The cake ______ delicious. I can't wait to eat it. A. looks B. sounds C. feels D. tastes 1. —Can you help me carry the box? —Sorry, I ______. I'm too busy now. A. can't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. needn't 1. The meeting ______ at 8:00 tomorrow morning. A. begins B. will begin C. is beginning D. began 1. They ______ in Beijing since 2010. A. live B. lived C. have lived D. will live 1. This kind of car ______ in Japan. A. makes B. made C. is made D. are made 1. ______ TV too much is bad for your eyes. A. Watch B. Watching C. To watch D. Watched 1. She ______ to the park yesterday, and she ______ there again tomorrow. A. goes; goes B. went; will go C. went; goes D. will go; went 1. The teacher told us ______ in class. A. not talk B. not to talk C. don't talk D. didn't talk 1. —Must I finish my homework now? —No, you ______. You can finish it tomorrow. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. couldn't 1. The girl ______ a red dress is my sister. A. wears B. wearing C. wore D. to wear 1. I ______ my homework when my mother came back. A. do B. did C. was doing D. am doing 1. The story ______ interesting. A. listens B. hears C. sounds D. looks 1. He ______ to Beijing several times. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. will go 1. The window ______ by the boy yesterday. A. breaks B. broke C. is broken D. was broken 1. ______ is important for us to learn English well. A. This B. That C. It D. He 1. She ______ a singer when she grows up. A. wants to be B. want to be C. wants be D. want be 1. The man ______ glasses is my teacher. A. wears B. wearing C. wore D. to wear 1. They ______ a party last night. They had a great time. A. have B. had C. are having D. will have 1. My sister is good at ______ pictures. A. draw B. draws C. drawing D. to draw 1. —What are you going to do this weekend? —I ______ a trip to the mountains. A. take B. took C. am going to take D. takes 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空（15 道） 1. My father ______ (read) newspapers every morning. 1. Look! The boys ______ (play) football on the playground. 1. I ______ (go) to the zoo with my parents last Sunday. 1. She ______ (can) ride a bike when she was seven years old. 1. We ______ (not have) a party last night. 1. Listen! The birds ______ (sing) in the trees. 1. Listen! Someone ______ (sing) in the next room. 1. He ______ (go) to school by bike every day. 1. They ______ (visit) the Great Wall next week. 1. My mother asked me ______ (clean) my room. 1. I enjoy ______ (listen) to music. 1. The cake ______ (taste) delicious. 1. He ______ (be) to Beijing twice. 1. The window ______ (break) by the naughty boy yesterday. 1. ______ (swim) is my favorite sport. 三、句型转换（10 道） 1. She goes to school by bike every day. (改为一般疑问句) 1. They are playing basketball now. (改为否定句) 1. I watched TV last night. (对划线部分提问) 1. She goes to the library twice a week. (用 next week 改写句子) 1. He will visit his grandparents next week. (改为一般疑问句) 1. She is cleaning the room. (改为一般现在时) 1. They have lived in Shanghai for ten years. (对划线部分提问) 1. My mother asked me to clean the room. (改为否定句) 1. The story sounds interesting. (改为感叹句) 1. To learn English well is important. (改为同义句) 四、改错（5 道） 1. He often go to school on foot. 1. Look! The girls are dance in the classroom. 1. I have seen the film yesterday. 1. The pen is make in China. 1. She wants becoming a doctor when she grows up. 答案 一、单项选择 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C 16. B 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. B 21. C 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. C 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. reads 2. are playing 3. went 4. could 5. didn't have 6.are singing 7. is singing 8. goes 9. will visit 10. to clean 11. listening 12. tastes 13. has been 14. was broken 15. Swimming 三、句型转换 1. Does she go to school by bike every day? 1. They aren't playing basketball now. 1. What did you do last night? 1. She will go to the library next week. 1. Will he visit his grandparents next week? 1. She cleans the room. 1. How long have they lived in Shanghai? 1. My mother asked me not to clean the room. 1. How interesting the story sounds! 1. It is important for us to learn English well. 四、改错 1. He often goes to school on foot. 1. Look! The girls are dancing in the classroom. 1. I saw the film yesterday. 1. The pen is made in China. 1. She wants to become a doctor when she grows up. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$