内容正文:
Period 2
Unit 4
What is life?
Grammar and composition—Allusion
语法感悟
语法精讲
达标检测
语法 感悟
3
阅读以下短文,感知并猜测加颜色部分的意思
Mr Smith is always ①a triton of the minnows in these young employees.When young,he ②was extremely hard-working in his study and was admitted into a top university,where he continued to study and became a ③black swan.He doesn’t care about money because he holds the belief that money brings us happiness but sometimes it is ④a pandora’s box.He regards the greed for money as ⑤an apple of discord.He devotes all his time to helping the people in need.Gradually we become ⑥Damon and Pythias.
1.a triton of the minnows ___________
2.be extremely hard-working in one’s study _________
3.black swan _________
4.a pandora’s box _________
5.an apple of discord _________
6.Damon and Pythias _________
返 回
鹤立鸡群者
悬梁刺股
凤毛麟角
灾祸之源
斗争之源
莫逆之交
语法 精讲
6
典故
典故是一种修辞手法,指引用读者可能熟悉的历史事件、文学作品等来源中的人物、事物、地点、事件等,以唤起他们的联想。典故形式简洁而内涵深刻,往往需要读者了解相关的历史、文化背景,才能更好地理解其深层含义。英语中常见的典故有以下几种类型:
一、来自神话故事的典故。如:
Mr Vargas Llosa has asked the government “not to be the Trojan horse that allows the idealism into Peru”.
凡格斯·珞萨王请求政府“不要充当把理想主义的思潮引入秘鲁的特洛伊木马”。
[说明] Trojan horse(特洛伊木马)出自古希腊的传说。古希腊人攻打特洛伊城时,把精兵伏于木马内,诱使特洛伊人将木马放入城中,夜间伏兵跳出,里应外合,攻下此城。根据这个故事,英语中常用“特洛伊木马”比喻“内部颠覆者,内部颠覆集团,起内部破坏作用的因素”。
The project, which seemed so promising, turned out to be a Pandora’s box.
这个看起来很有前途的项目,后来变成了一个潘多拉的盒子。
[说明] 希腊神话中,潘多拉因为犯错被贬下凡间,带着宙斯给她的一个盒子。当她找到娶她的男人之后,盒子最终打开,这时所有的罪恶、不幸、灾难都跑出来了。所以,a Pandora’s box(潘多拉之盒——灾难、麻烦、祸害的根源)——指看上去有用却引起祸害的礼物或其他物品。
You let Tom buy lottery tickets for you.He has the Midas touch.
你叫汤姆替你去买彩票,他的手气特别好,干什么都赢钱。
[说明] Midas touch源自希腊神话,其中的迈达斯国王具有点石成金的能力。指点石成金、化腐朽为神奇的本领。
二、来自文学作品的典故。如:
Many took to gambling and got in over their heeds,borrowing from Shylocks to pay their debts.
许多人沉湎于赌博,他们债台高筑,不得不向高利贷者借钱还债。
[说明] Shylock (夏洛克)是莎士比亚戏剧《威尼斯商人》中的一个人物。Shylock作为典故比喻那些贪得无厌的高利贷者。在这个例子中,译者用意译的手法表达了Shylock 这一典故的喻义。
He is too much of a Scrooge to contribute to the fund.他是个十足的吝啬鬼,不会资助基金。
[说明] Scrooge源自狄更斯小说《圣诞颂歌》中一个极其吝啬的人物埃比尼泽·斯克鲁奇。指吝啬鬼;守财奴。
The march to Travnik was the final stretch of a 16-hour odyssey.
去特拉夫尼克的这段路是长达16小时艰险旅行的最后一程。
[说明] odyssey源自希腊史诗《奥德赛》,相传为荷马所作,描述了奥德修斯在特洛伊战争后,辗转十年返回家园的种种经历。指艰苦的跋涉;漫长而充满风险的历程。
三、来自历史的典故。如:
Waterloo
1815年,在比利时的滑铁卢,拿破仑率领法军与英国、普鲁士联军展开激战,法军惨败。随后,拿破仑以退位结束了其政治生涯。因此,“滑铁卢”常常被用来比喻惨痛的失败。
Do in Rome as the Romans do.
入乡随俗。
[说明] 这是和历史事件相关的典故。随着军事占领,罗马的风俗和习惯逐渐地融入了不列颠,所以,英语语言与文化中也就留下了古罗马文化的痕迹。
返 回
达标检测
完成下列语段,尽可能多地使用典故
真是“说曹操曹操到”。我们正私下谈论他时,他一脚迈进了房间。自年轻时起,他一直是父母的心肝宝贝,同时他向来很有主见,从不逆来顺受。他一直勤奋工作,现在已成了公司的优秀分子。长时间的友好相处中,我们成了生死之交。
1. .When we were talking about him 2. ,he stepped into the room.Since he was young,he had been 3. .At the same time,he had his own mind and was never 4. .He is always working hard and now has become 5. .After getting along well with each other for a long time,we have been 6. .
返 回
Talk of the devil,and he’s sure to appear
under the rose
the apple of his parents’ eye
Uncle Tom
the salt of the earth
Damon and Pythias
$$