Unit 1 Period 4 Extended reading & Other parts-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选修第三册（译林版2020）

Period 4　Extended reading & Other parts 1．How does the writer begin his presentation in the first paragraph? A．By listing some examples. B．By analysing a social phenomenon. C．By introducing a question. D．By comparing the time spent on all kinds of daily routines. 答案　C 2．From the lecture transcript we can know that managing your time effectively . A．keeps your stress levels to a maximum B．helps you improve your self-confidence C．makes you feel disappointed D．decreases your current studies 答案　B 3．What’s the meaning of the word “favourable” in the fourth paragraph? A．Lucky. B．Advantageous. C．Pleasing. D．Golden. 答案　B 4．Which is the most important skill of time management according to the writer? A．To plan ahead. B．To make a daily to-do list. C．To learn to prioritize all your tasks. D．To set about creating favourable conditions. 答案　C 5．Just like Lu Xun，the writer may agree with the fact that . A．we have no choice but to follow the choice of destiny B．while you make an effort，you can change nothing C．you can achieve anything if you are willing to do it D．though time is limited，you can still have time to do what you want with your effort 答案　D Managing your time effectively is of great 1.importance(important)，which means that you can accomplish much more with less effort in 2.shorter(short) time.In order to improve your ability 3.to manage(manage) your time，you should consider the three most important skills.First，plan ahead.Get into the habit of thinking about upcoming things and 4.making(make) a monthly，weekly or even daily to-do list，after 5.which you should record all important events and prepare accordingly.Second，you can set 6.about creating favourable conditions to actually get things done.Most importantly，you must learn to prioritize all your 7.tasks(task)．With a limited amount of time in a day，you will have to decide which task should 8.be completed(complete) first.Though you may have difficulty in making a decision，it is important to focus on the goals you have set for yourself and stick 9.to them.In conclusion，once you start taking little steps every day to plan，organize and 10.prioritize(priority) the activities you are aimed to devote your energy，skills and talents to，you will begin to reap the rewards of your actions. occur vi.(occurred；occurred)发生；出现(occurrence n．发生；出现；存在) sth occurs to sb某人突然想起某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that...某人突然想起…… It occurs to sb to do sth.某人突然想起做某事。 (1)Frequent occurrences of natural disasters in recent years have caused great losses in the region but nobody has an idea how it occurs.(occur) (2)(读后续写之神态描写)It occurred to me to attend the rehearsal when I was about to go home. →It occurred to me that I should attend the rehearsal when I was about to go home. take up 接受；开始从事；继续；占据(时间或空间) take off脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞 take over接管；获得对……的控制或管理 take in吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗 take on呈现；雇用；承担；从事 用take短语的适当形式填空 (1)Smartphones not only take up our valuable time，but also do great harm to our health. (2)The more fat you take in before bedtime，the greater burden you will put on your body at night. (3)After taking over the company from his father，he squeezed his spare time to learn some advanced ideas. (4)(应用文写作之发言稿)With the development of science and technology，our country has taken on a new look and a good outlook. (5)As is reported，the plane took off without procrastination despite the fog in the city. set about (doing sth) 着手(做某事) set aside留出，省出 set out出发；启程；(怀着目标)开始工作 set off触发；使爆炸；衬托；引起 set up建立；树立；搭起 set down放下；记下 用set短语的适当形式填空 (1)We’ll set out early so that we can set aside more time to prepare for the upcoming things. (2)Do be careful with those fireworks；the slightest spark could set them off. (3)What’s more，some statues of famous people will be set up to inspire our cohesiveness. (4)His spouse sets about painting the whole while he’s away. (5)It’s best for you to set down key details while listening to the lecture. amount n．数量；金额 v．总计，共计；相当于，等于 the amount of...……的数量 a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数) large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数) amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于 (1)Small amounts of honey and butter were(be) used to make this kind of snack this morning. (2)It was tiring work，but I looked forward to the pay，even though I wasn’t sure how much it would amount to.(2021·浙江6月) (3)As we all know，people consume a large quantity of energy and resources and create a large amount of/large amounts of pollution，the amount of which is scary.So recycling waste products is very essential. 众所周知，人们消耗大量的能源和资源，造成大量的污染，并且数量非常令人害怕。所以循环利用废品非常有必要。 classify vt.分类，归类；划分，界定(classification n．分类；类别，等级 classified adj.分类的，归类的；机密的) classify...as...将……归为…… classify...by...按……把……分类 classify...into...把……分类为…… (1)The teacher classified students into three groups and assigned different tasks according to the classification.(classify) (2)The books in the library are classified by subject and we can classify them into four kinds.What kind do you think this book should be classified as? 图书馆的书是按科目分类的，我们可以把它们分为四类。你认为这本书应该归类为哪一种呢？ focus vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距 n．中心；重点；焦点(focused adj.注意力集中的，目标明确的) focus on/upon...集中于…… focus one’s attention/eyes/energy on/upon...集中注意力/目光/精力于…… the focus of attention/concern注意力/关注的焦点 (1)While rock-climbing，you need to remain very focused(focus) so that you won’t make any dangerous errors.(2021·天津3月) (2)(读后续写之心理描写)With so many people focusing their eyes on/upon him，he became the focus of the rehearsal，which made him very nervous.So he took a deep breath and relaxed himself instead of focusing on/upon what brought him stress. 有那么多人都把目光放在他身上，他变成了排演的焦点，这让他非常紧张。所以，他深呼吸，放松自己，而不是专注于带给他压力的事情。 devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于(常与介词to连用)(devoted adj.忠实的，深爱的 devotion n．奉献；献身；忠诚) devote...to...把……奉献给……；把……专注于…… devote oneself to致力于；献身于 be devoted to专心于；致力于 (1)He is so devoted to his scientific career that everyone admires him for his devotion.(devote) (2)(话题写作之人物描写)我最崇拜的人是我的英语老师，他致力于教学。(2020·全国Ⅰ) ①The person I admire most is my English teacher who/that is devoted to his teaching.(devoted) ②The person I admire most is my English teacher who/that devotes himself to his teaching.(devote) squeeze vi.& vt.挤压，捏；(使)挤入，挤过，塞入 squeeze sth out压出，挤出，榨出 squeeze into/through/past/between挤入 squeeze sth out of sb向某人勒索(或榨取)；强迫某人吐露信息 (1)The little girl is always squeezing the juice out before eating the orange，which weighs me down. 吃橘子前，小女孩总是把汁挤出来，这让我很烦恼。 (2)The boy squeezed between my brother and I，trying to squeeze the secret out of us. 那男孩挤在我弟弟和我中间，试图从我们俩嘴里套出这个秘密。 consist of 由……组成(或构成) be made up of...＝be composed/comprised of...由……组成 consist in＝lie in存在于；在于 consist with...与……一致/相符 从方框中选择合适的短语完成下列句子 Life mainly consists of/is made up of/is composed of/is comprised of happiness and sorrow while happiness consists in/lies in struggles.My opinion consists with this view. 生活主要由快乐和悲伤组成，而快乐在于拼搏。我赞同这个观点。 not only...but also...“不仅……而且……” 教材原句　Importantly，effective time management will not only support your studies today，but also help you throughout your adult life. 重要的是，有效的时间管理不仅会助力你现在的学业，还将对你的整个成年生活有益。(P11) not only...but also...用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中的also有时可以省略； 若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only所在的句子要用部分倒装； 若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与就近的主语的数保持一致。 (1)Not only the foreign students but also the teacher has been attracted(attract) by the authentic Chinese tea culture so far. (2)Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. 这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。 have sth＋adj. 教材原句　Being well organized includes making sure you have everything ready for tomorrow’s lessons and after-school activities.良好的组织能力包括确保为明天的课程和课后活动做好一切准备。(P11) •“have everything ready”为“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构 •have sth done让别人做某事；让某事被做 have sb do sth让某人做某事 have sb/sth doing sth让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态 can’t/couldn’t have sb doing sth不允许某人做某事(否定句) have sth to do有某事要做(不定式作定语) (1)Make sure you have all the doors closed before leaving the building.离开大楼前要确保所有的门都关好。 (2)He could not have her getting away with telling people lies.他不能让她对别人撒谎而逍遥法外。 (3)He was very funny and had us laughing during the whole interval of the rehearsal. 他很有趣，整个排练的间歇期间让我们一直在大笑。 (4)Because I had some magazines to classify，I had my team members give me a hand. 因为我有一些杂志要分类整理，所以我让我的队员来帮我。 Ⅰ.一词多义 outlook A.观点，见解，世界观，人生观　B.前景，可能性　C.景色，景致，景观 1．From my study window，I have a tremendous outlook over mountains and valleys. C 2．Their outlook on the matter differs from mine. A 3．As prices have dropped lower and lower，the outlook looks black for many companies in the city. B Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．The relentless boss always squeezed his employees，which weighed them down.压榨，剥削 2．Please cable your counter-offer at your earliest convenience.发电报 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Having met only weeks before，climbers Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay shook hands before hugging each other in a moment that would put their names in history books forever. They were on top of the world—literally. After five hours of continuous climbing，the two first climbed to the top of Mount Qomolangma, the highest spot on Earth. As the ultimate climbing goal for them both and the dream of most climbers, they had just 15 minutes to absorb the experience of being at 8,848 metres above sea level. Any longer and they may not have made it back to camp to tell the tale. With this in mind, the pair spent some of their precious minutes searching the area for signs of those who had been before them. The bodies of two previous Qomolangma hopefuls—Andrew Irvine and George Mallory of the 1924 attempt—were in the thoughts of Norgay and Hillary. However, they could find no sign of them having reached the top. Qomolangma has been responsible for claiming over 300 lives and endangering many others, as it poses huge and unpredictable challenges, with high altitudes(海拔)putting immense tension on human biology and with its icy land making each step a risk. When the climbers made it back to camp and the news spread, global admiration and fame poured in. Norgay and Hillary were determined to be the first to conquer the world’s highest mountain. They had done it. At the time they believed that the box had been ticked and no one else would put themselves through the danger to repeat their achievement. They couldn’t have been more wrong. Today hundreds of people choose to follow in their footsteps every year. In contrast to the total isolation(孤立) felt on the first successful journey, during times of ideal weather conditions, queues form up to the mountain’s summit. This creates dangerous standstills(停滞)in the mountain’s most deadly zones. Whether you believe these adventurers to be brave, admirable or out of their minds, it is clear that Hillary and Norgay have provided knowledge and inspiration for many to find out how it feels to truly be on top of the world. 语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了Edmund Hillary和Tenzing Norgay成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰的事迹，并介绍了如今人们对珠穆朗玛峰的探索。 1. What did Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay do on the top of the world? A．They measured the height of Mount Qomolangma. B．They celebrated their victory with many climbers. C．They tried to find signs of earlier climbers. D．They shared the experience as long as 15 minutes. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“With this in mind, the pair spent some of their precious minutes searching the area for signs of those who had been before them.”可知，Edmund Hillary和Tenzing Norgay成功登顶之后，尽力寻找了之前的攀登者的痕迹。故选C。 2. What can be inferred about Andrew Irvine and George Mallory from the passage? A．They succeeded in reaching the top of Mount Qomolangma first. B．They lost their lives in their attempt to conquer Mount Qomolangma. C．They were good friends of Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay. D．They died because they didn’t return to their camp in time. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The bodies of two previous Qomolangma hopefuls—Andrew Irvine and George Mallory of the 1924 attempt—were in the thoughts of Norgay and Hillary.However, they could find no sign of them having reached the top.”可推知，Andrew Irvine和George Mallory在攀登珠穆朗玛峰时不幸身亡。故选B。 3. What does the underlined word “immense” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Huge. B．Outside. C．Minimum. D．Limited. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段内容可知，珠穆朗玛峰已经夺去了300多人的生命，并危及许多的生命，因为它带来了巨大而不可预测的挑战。由此可推知，极高的海拔(high altitudes)对人体的生理机制会造成巨大的压力，所以immense意为“巨大的”。故选A。 4. What will the present Qomolangma climbers be likely to face compared with Norgay and Hillary? A．More terrible loneliness. B．More ideal weather conditions. C．More deadly zones. D．More dangerous stops. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容尤其是最后一句“This creates dangerous standstills(停滞) in the mountain’s most deadly zones.”可知，与Edmund Hillary和Tenzing Norgay相比，由于如今攀登者的增多，在山区最致命的区域将有更多危险的停滞。故选D。 B “Practice makes perfect” is a very popular expression.However，can we take this saying literally? Many scientific studies have sought to either prove or disprove this idea. One popular theory is that if a person practises for at least 10,000 hours，they will reach “perfection”，or become an expert in their field.This theory was made famous by Malcolm Gladwell in his 2008 best selling book，Outliers: The Story of Success.He mentioned the music group The Beatles and Microsoft co-creator Bill Gates.Although they all seemed to have lots of natural talent，they also clearly put in over 10,000 hours of practice before they became successful. Gladwell’s work was largely based on research done by Anders Ericsson，who argued that Gladwell misinterpreted his research.Firstly，Ericsson stated that 10,000 hours was an average figure.Some people needed far fewer than 10,000 hours，and others many more.More importantly，Ericsson said that just practising a lot was not enough; the type and quality of practice was also essential.He went on to explain the importance of “deliberate practice”，which is when a person practises a specific part of a skill in depth rather than practising a skill as a whole. A more recent study from Princeton University stated that practice only accounted for up to 26% of reaching an expert level.Many people say that natural talent has a large influence on becoming an expert.Another natural factor is physical superiority，which is especially evident in sports.IQ，personality，attitude，and starting age are decisive，too.But becoming an expert doesn’t equal instant success，which also relies on social and environmental factors. In conclusion，practice may not make perfect，but deliberate practice has been shown to lead to significant improvement.Based on Ericsson’s research，here are some tips on how to practise effectively: be motivated; make specific and realistic goals; work outside your comfort zone; be consistent and persistent; and get plenty of rest! For those wanting to become an expert in something，remember that being motivated is key—enjoy what you do and follow your passions. 语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章论证了练习可能无法带来完美，但“刻意练习”已经被证明能带来明显的提高。 5．How did Gladwell support his idea? A．By listing numbers. B．By using examples. C．By interviewing famous people. D．By mentioning other researchers. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可推知，Gladwell是用名人的事例来支持他的理论的。故选B。 6．Which of the following may Ericsson disagree with? A．Practice alone is far from enough. B．10,000 hours of practice leads to success. C．Practice hours vary from person to person. D．Deliberate practice is much more effective. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Ericsson认为一万小时只是一个平均值，大量的练习是不够的，练习的类型和质量也很重要，因此，他可能不同意“一万小时的练习带来成功”的观点。故选B。 7．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The role of practice. B．Factors in creating experts. C．The importance of natural talent. D．Warnings for experts. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段内容尤其第二至四句可知，本段主要讲的是造就专家的一些因素。故选B。 8．What is the author’s attitude to the idea “Practice makes perfect”？ A．Favorable. B．Intolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Objective. 答案　D 解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段尤其是第一句可推知，作者对“熟能生巧”这一观点持客观的态度。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 On Aug.5，Favorin worked in the yard and watched his granddaughter.In the afternoon，he took a break and went downstairs to do his each-day 1 ，a high intensity interval(间歇) routine.One minute on and one minute off，he had been 2 each day for a few months and felt fairly good doing it.But that day，when he did exercise 3 ，he began feeling dangerous.He couldn’t carry his arms above his shoulders and felt ache in his chest.He 4 he was having a heart attack. Without his phone on him，Favorin slowly walked to his neighbors’ door，rang their doorbell and 5 in opposition to the porch railing(门廊的栏杆)．Then，he misplaced his grasp on the railing and 6 . Inside the home，Chris and Rachel，a firefighter and a nurse，had been having fun 7 with an uncommon day without work.Chris checked out the 8 from the doorbell and noticed it was their neighbor，Favorin，and he seemed to be in 9 .They went to the door and 10 Favorin on the floor.Chris and Rachel are professionals and started CPR(心肺复苏)，making use of their professional 11 and talent to save his life.They referred to 911 and took turns doing 12 chest compression(按压) and checking his pulse. EMS arrived in six minutes.Now Favorin appears to have 13 nicely.Talking to him，you’ll by no means guess that，just some days earlier，he was close to 14 .The medical doctors informed him that the fast 15 by Chris and Rachel saved his life. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Favorin锻炼时心脏病发作，多亏了两位邻居的及时救助，挽救了他的生命。 1．A.housework B．exercise C．research D．shopping 答案　B 解析　根据下文的“But that day，when he did exercise”可知，他每天运动。故选B。 2．A.showing off B．staying in C．figuring out D．hanging out 答案　C 解析　show off炫耀；stay in待在室内；figure out弄清楚，计算；hang out闲逛。根据上文“One minute on and one minute off”可知他在计算时间。故选C。 3．A.cleverly B．halfway C．blindly D．bitterly 答案　B 解析　cleverly聪明地；halfway中途；blindly盲目地；bitterly愤怒地。根据后文“He couldn’t carry his arms above his shoulders and felt ache in his chest.”可知，运动中途，他开始感觉不舒服。故选B。 4．A.supposed B．promised C．hesitated D．pretended 答案　A 解析　suppose认为；promise承诺；hesitate犹豫；pretend假装。根据后文“Favorin slowly walked to his neighbors’ door，rang their doorbell”可推知，他认为自己心脏病发作了，所以向邻居求助。故选A。 5．A.skipped B．returned C．escaped D．leaned 答案　D 解析　skip跳跃；return返回；escape逃走；lean倚靠。根据后文“in opposition to the porch railing”结合Favorin身体不舒服可知，他是靠在门廊的栏杆上。故选D。 6．A.disappeared B．advanced C．collapsed D．survived 答案　C 解析　disappear消失；advance前进；collapse倒塌，摔倒；survive幸存。根据上文“he misplaced his grasp on the railing and”可知，此处是指他抓错了栏杆，摔倒了。故选C。 7．A.collectively B．curiously C．secretly D．roughly 答案　A 解析　collectively共同地，一起；curiously好奇地；secretly秘密地；roughly大约。根据上文“Chris and Rachel，a firefighter and a nurse”可知，此处是指两人正一起玩得很开心。故选A。 8．A.switch B．clue C．sign D．video 答案　D 解析　switch开关；clue线索；sign符号；video视频。根据后文“and noticed it was their neighbor，Favorin”可知，他们是看到了门铃上的监控视频，所以发现了Favorin。故选D。 9．A.surprise B．pain C．consideration D．confidence 答案　B 解析　surprise惊讶；pain痛苦；consideration考虑；confidence自信。结合上文可知，Favorin心脏病发作了，因此当时很痛苦。故选B。 10．A.located B．exposed C．ignored D．covered 答案　A 解析　locate发现……的位置；expose暴露；ignore忽视；cover覆盖。根据“Favorin on the floor”可知，他们发现Favorin在地上。故选A。 11．A.memories B．notices C．skills D．opportunities 答案　C 解析　memory记忆；notice通知；skill技能；opportunity机会。根据上文“started CPR(心肺复苏)”可知，他们是在利用专业技能救人，故选C。 12．A.additional B．conventional C．occasional D．optional 答案　B 解析　additional附加的；conventional惯例的，常规的；occasional偶尔的；optional可选择的。根据后文“chest compression(按压) and checking his pulse”可知，此处指对Favorin进行常规的心脏按压。故选B。 13．A.prepared B．adapted C．responded D．recovered 答案　D 解析　prepare准备；adapt适应，改编；respond回答；recover恢复。根据上文可知，他得到了及时的救治，如今恢复得很好了。故选D。 14．A.death B．hope C．courage D．chance 答案　A 解析　death死亡；hope希望；courage勇气；chance机会。结合上文可知，Favorin不久前心脏病发作，濒临死亡。故选A。 15．A.nutrition B．prevention C．action D．income 答案　C 解析　nutrition营养；prevention阻止；action行动；income收入。根据上文可知，是Chris和Rachel的快速行动救了他的命。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空 Gift giving has been a long tradition that dates back thousands of years as far back as man can remember.As human beings，we are social creatures who enjoy each other’s company and expressing 1. (we) feelings through the giving of gifts. The giving of gifts may be one of the oldest human 2. (activity) that predates civilization and may date back 3. the origin of our species.Even in primitive cavemen culture，the giving of gifts was 4. (fair) common as it was used to show love and affection towards one another.The presenting of gifts was also inferred as a status symbol when leaders of tribes(部落) would show their 5. (appreciate) for the contributions of those who were part of an important achievement.Whether it was an unusually shaped rock，a tooth from an animal，the bark from a tree 6. some other item that was natural in origin，the giving of gifts had been certainly common behavior long before an advanced civilization came into being. Today，gift giving is spread across all cultures around the world.Gifts 7. (give) to family members，friends，those we work with and even neighbors who receive gifts of all different types.The psychology of 8. gift giving is so rewarding is simple：It allows people 9. (connect)．Making connections with people around us gives us a sense of purpose and feeling of satisfaction.This feeling is one that enlightens the soul and brings out the 10. (good) in us. 1．答案　our 解析　考查代词。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰后面的名词feelings，应用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填our。 2．答案　activities 解析　考查名词复数。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词；结合前面的one of可知，此处应用复数形式。故填activities。 3．答案　to 解析　考查介词。date back to为固定搭配，表示“追溯到”。故填to。 4．答案　fairly 解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰形容词common，作状语，应用副词。故填fairly。 5．答案　appreciation 解析　考查名词。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词appreciation；结合句意可知，此处表示“感激”，不可数。故填appreciation。 6．答案　or 解析　考查连词。分析句子可知，空处前后为并列关系，故此处应用并列连词；结合前面的whether可知，此处表选择，应用or。故填or。 7．答案　are given 解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语动词；主语为Gifts，与give之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；结合上下文动词时态可知，此处表示一般陈述，应用一般现在时；主语为复数形式，故谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填are given。 8．答案　why 解析　考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，设空处位于介词of后，在句中引导宾语从句，从句中不缺主干成分，结合句意可知，此处表示“为什么送礼物如此有益”，设空处在从句中作原因状语，应用why引导从句。故填why。 9．答案　to connect/to be connected 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处应用非谓语动词形式；allow sb to do sth为固定用法，表示“允许某人做某事”，设空处应用to do不定式，故可用to connect；人与人之间的联系是双向的，也可以是被联系，故也可用to be connected。故填to connect或to be connected。 10．答案　best 解析　考查形容词最高级。根据设空处前面的定冠词the和后面的in us可知，此处指“我们最好的一面”，应用形容词最高级。故填best。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$