Unit 1 Period 3 Integrated skills-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选修第三册（译林版2020）

Period 3　Integrated skills 本单元的写作话题是“提升自信”。要求学生阅读一篇关于自信的文章，并让学生结合自身的经历和理解写一篇关于自信的文章。文章应主要分析缺乏自信的原因，阐述提升自信的方法。 Self-confidence 1．Low self-confidence makes you feel unsuccessful，unmotivated and inferior to others. 缺乏自信会让你觉得自己不成功，没有动力，不如别人。 2．Sometimes a lack of self-confidence stems merely from a lack of experience. 有时缺乏自信仅仅因为缺乏经验。 3．In building self-confidence，your first goal is to develop a realistic understanding of your strengths and weaknesses. 建立自信的过程中，你的第一个目标是对自己的优点和缺点有一个实际的了解。 4．Once you have a full understanding of your problem，you will find that your fear decreases. 一旦你对问题有了一个全面了解，你会发现恐惧越来越少。 5．Change your behavior.改变你的行为。 6．Picture yourself as a stranger who is on a path toward positive change. 将自己想象为一个正在向积极方面改变的陌生人。 近段时间以来，随着学习压力的增大，你发现身边的很多同学越来越没有自信了。为帮助他们提高自信心，请以Self-confidence Builds a Better Self为题写一篇文章。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第一步　审题谋篇 [审题] 写作要求是写关于如何提升自信的文章，写作时应注意下面几点： 1．确定文体：这是一篇说明文。写作时注意说明文的写作特点。 2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。 3．主体人称：由于是写如何提升自信，所以人称应该以第一、三人称为主。 [谋篇] 第一段：开门见山说明同学们缺乏自信的现状，并对自信作简要的描述。 第二段：简要介绍缺乏自信的原因及随之带来的后果。 第三段：介绍一些适当的、切实可行的提高自信的方法。 第二步　遣词造句 [核心词汇] 1．源于，产生于arise from 2．承认admit 3．发生occur 4．家庭环境home environment 5．消极经历 negative experiences 6．欺凌bullying 7．影响affect 8．积极的自我形象a positive self-image 9．设定切实可行的目标set realistic goals 10．建立一个更好的自我build a better self [连词成句] 1．众所周知，自信源于各种行为和态度的结合。它还包括在承认自己错了之后，不要害怕改变自己的想法。 As we all know，self-confidence arises from a combination of various behaviours and attitudes. It is also about not being afraid to change our minds about something after admitting we are wrong. 2．缺乏自信往往是由于各种原因造成的。 Low self-confidence often occurs due to various reasons. 3．然后我们可能让自信不足伴随着我们，这会在许多方面影响我们的生活。 We may then carry our low self-confidence with us，which will affect our lives in many ways. 4．设定切实可行的目标，想象自己实现这些目标。 Set realistic goals and visualize yourself achieving these goals. 5．我们只有通过控制自信才能建立一个更好的自我。 We can build a better self only by controlling self-confidence. 第三步　句式升级 1．用not only...but also...改写句1。 As we all know，self-confidence not only arises from a combination of various behaviours and attitudes，but also is about not being afraid to change our minds about something after admitting we are wrong. 2．用现在分词结构改写句3。 We may then carry our low self-confidence with us，affecting our lives in many ways. 3．用倒装句改写句5。 Only by controlling self-confidence can we build a better self. 第四步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。 参考范文 Self-confidence Builds a Better Self With the pressure of study increasing，more and more students lack self-confidence.As we all know，self-confidence not only arises from a combination of various behaviours and attitudes，but also is about not being afraid to change our minds about something after admitting we are wrong. Low self-confidence often occurs due to various reasons.One is the home environment in which we grow and develop. Another reason is negative experiences like bullying.We may then carry our low self-confidence with us，affecting our lives in many ways. Low self-confidence cannot always be avoided；however，it can be improved.A good place to start is by changing the way we think about ourselves.Having a positive self-image can reduce negative thinking. Next，set realistic goals and visualize yourself achieving these goals.Finally，permit yourself to make mistakes. In conclusion，only by controlling self-confidence can we build a better self. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A When kids melt down in the middle of a crowded store or at a holiday dinner with extended family，it can be extremely frustrating.But parents can help kids learn self-control and teach them how to respond without just acting on impulse(冲动)． Teaching self-control is one of the most important things that parents can do for their kids because these skills are some of the most important for success later in life.By learning self-control，kids can make appropriate decisions and respond to stressful situations in ways that can yield positive outcomes.For example，if you say that you’re not serving ice cream until after dinner，your child may cry，plead，or even scream in the hope that you will give in.But with self-control，your child can understand that a temper tantrum(发脾气) means you’ll take away the ice cream for good and that it’s wiser to wait patiently. Difficult as it may be，resist the urge to yell when you’re disciplining your kids.Instead，be persistent and matter of fact.During a child’s meltdown，stay calm and explain that yelling，throwing a tantrum，and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviors that have consequences.Your actions will show that tantrums won’t get kids the upper hand.For example，if your child gets upset in the grocery store after you’ve explained why you won’t buy candy，don’t give in—thus demonstrating that the tantrum was both unacceptable and ineffective.Also，consider speaking to your child’s teachers about classroom settings and appropriate behavior expectations.Ask if problem-solving is taught or demonstrated in school. And model good self-control yourself.If you’re in an annoyed situation in front of your kids，tell them why you’re frustrated and then discuss potential solutions to the problem.For example，if you’ve misplaced your keys，instead of getting upset，tell your kids the keys are missing and then search for them together.If they don’t turn up，take the next constructive step.Show that good emotional control and problem-solving are the ways to deal with a difficult situation. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。主要讲了对孩子而言培养自控力的重要性以及身为家长应该怎么做。 1．What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A．Impulsive responses lead to frustration. B．Kids’ melting down is a common phenomenon. C．Parents should help kids make decisions appropriately. D．Teaching kids self-control is a must for their future success. 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。根据第二段的主要内容，尤其是第一句可知，本段主要讲述自控力对于孩子未来的成功很重要，故选D。 2．What is the parents’ best attitude towards a child’s meltdown? A．Firm and factual. B．Calm and tolerant. C．Cautious and objective. D．Annoyed and disapproving. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，家长需要坚持教育孩子自控的重要性，此外，家长需要就事论事，从实际角度考虑，故选A。 3．Which of the following best explains the underlined part in paragraph 3? A．Emotional outburst is unexpected behaviors. B．Kids shouldn’t be responsible for their behaviors alone. C．Temper loss won’t give the kids a position of advantage. D．Tantrums are ineffective in interpersonal communications. 答案　C 解析　句意理解题。根据第三段第三句和第五句可知，我们想要孩子知道的是，发脾气是不可接受也是无效的。由此猜测，画线句子意为“发脾气对孩子没有好处”。故选C。 4．What message is conveyed in the last paragraph? A．Slow and steady wins the race. B．Good example is the best sermon. C．Experience is the mother of wisdom. D．Success comes from thorough self-control. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，这一段在讲作为家长，我们也需要塑造好自己的自控力，在孩子面前做好榜样，即好的榜样是最好的说教。故选B。 B It’s all right to cry.Really.Although it’s often seen as a sign of weakness，crying can be just what the doctor ordered for sorting through chaotic(混乱的) emotions and cheering up. Our general disapproval of emotional expression and crying specifically stems from childhood，said Stephen Sideroff，an assistant professor.As kids，we’re often taught to restrain(抑制) our emotions.Maybe you remember being teased in elementary school for crying when you were hurt.Many of us learned there were feelings，such as anger or resentment，that we shouldn’t have or express.As children grow into adulthood，we gradually learn to regulate our feelings.So what，you might say? Who cares? But we don’t hold emotions in only our heads，Sideroff said.We store them in our bodies，too. Holding back your feelings can hurt.“These feelings have energy，” Sideroff explained.“You have to restrain them in different ways.” That interferes with natural processes and creates imbalances since the body’s need is still there.If you’re sad or hurt or angry，you need to find something to resolve that imbalance.If you don’t，you might express those imbalanced feelings in inappropriate ways—like lashing out at(猛烈抨击) your family or friends.Emotional restraint can limit our ability to experience positive feelings，such as joy and love，as well. Generally，the three types of tears include emotional tears，which result from strong feelings such as joy or sadness.Basal tears lubricate(润滑)your eyes.Reflex tears release when dust or onion oxides irritate(刺激) your eyes.Humans are the only animals who cry into adulthood and have emotional tears. People often report feeling better after they cry.That could be because crying forces us to pay attention to what triggered(触发)us and work through our emotions and thoughts.Crying might also help in understanding what’s important to us，especially if we cry over something that upsets us unexpectedly. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述抑制情绪的表达有一定的危害，而哭泣是有好处的。 5．Which of the following is Stephen’s idea? A．Emotions are created by the chaos. B．Emotions are stored only in our heads. C．Emotional restraint originates from childhood. D．Emotional restraint develops positive feelings. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，Stephen认为情绪抑制起源于童年。故选C。 6．What does the underlined word “resentment” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Joy. B．Bitterness. C．Satisfaction. D．Disappointment. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“such as anger or resentment”中的“anger”可推知，画线词应与“愤怒”的情感倾向一致，表达一种不满，因而Bitterness“愤恨”符合题意。故选B。 7．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．The characteristics of crying. B．The functions of tears. C．The classification of tears. D．The results of crying. 答案　C 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段前三句可知，眼泪一般包含三种类型，因此本段主要讲了眼泪的分类。故选C。 8．What does the author think about the outcome of crying? A．It’s doubtful. B．It’s unexpected. C．It’s discouraging. D．It’s beneficial. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为哭泣是有好处的。故选D。 C From Latin America to Sichuan Province，chili peppers and their famous burning taste have become a worldwide sensation.But how could something that burns so hot possibly be any good for people? In a study by researchers at Marshall University in the US，scientists made the first complete description of capsaicin(辣椒素)—a chemical found in spicy chilies—and its anti-cancer properties.Although capsaicin is not normally a good medicine due to some negative properties such as its spicy flavor，the study found that there are ways to bring out its anti-cancer benefits while overcoming these negatives. In nature，capsaicin evolved as a defense mechanism in plants to drive away unwanted animals while attracting those that could spread the seeds，such as birds which cannot taste or feel the spice.From a scientific point of view，capsaicin works by triggering a pain receptor called TRPV1，causing the body to react as if it had actually touched something hot and dangerous.Yet，this natural repellent(驱虫剂) for most animals has instead become a favorite food for many people，often called “chiliheads”． So，what is it that attracts humans to capsaicin，chili peppers and spicy food in general? Besides its many health benefits—such as pain relief，weight loss，and body heat regulation—people love eating chili peppers precisely because it hits the pain receptors in just the right way. As Scientific American noted: “People seem to enjoy—and actively seek out—many other sensations...the sensation of falling provided by roller coasters or skydiving，the feelings of fear and anxiety while watching horror movies，the physical pain experienced upon jumping into icy water，or even the feelings of sadness that come while watching a tearjerker.” So，the next time you bite into a hot chili pepper，remember：it’s not just healthy，but fun too! 9．What can we learn from the result of the study by researchers at Marshall University? A．The study describes capsaicin for the first time. B．Capsaicin contributes to the prevention of cancer. C．There is a chemical called capsaicin in spicy food. D．The negative features of capsaicin cannot be overcome. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，辣椒素有助于抗癌。故选B。 10．How does capsaicin benefit plants? A．It stops birds from eating plants. B．It causes more seeds to be produced. C．It attracts some animals to distribute seeds. D．It helps plants survive in hot or dangerous situations. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，辣椒素会吸引一些动物来帮助植物传播种子从而使植物受益。故选C。 11．How does the author prove spicy food is fun? A．By illustration. B．By statistics. C．By comparison. D．By definition. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者是通过将辣椒给人类带来的快感与过山车、跳伞、看恐怖片以及跳入冷水等方式带来的快感进行比较来证明辣味食物有趣的。故选C。 12．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why some people enjoy spicy food. B．How chili peppers are so burning. C．How plants benefit from capsaicin. D．Where capsaicin can be found. 答案　A 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过介绍辣椒对人的身体及心理的好处，揭示了辣椒在全世界成为热门食物的原因。所以A选项(为什么有些人喜欢吃辣的食物)能够概括文章大意。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 The secret to managing your time wisely is figuring out a system that works for you as quickly as possible.Let three simple principles guide you. Write it down.There’s no reason why you need to expect your brain to remember everything you have to do and when you have to do it.You can make a to-do list and enter it into your phone. 1 Whatever you decide to use to track your life，be sure to put all the information in the same place.In fact，take all the relevant due dates from each class syllabus(教学大纲) and enter the information into a single location.You need to see the big picture and keep track of the little things at the same time. 2 Let the things you want to do be the reward for doing the things that you have to do.You can hang out with friends or watch a favorite television show after working hard on your study. 3 However，if you can get yourself into a cycle of rewarding yourself after you’ve performed your responsibilities，then it gets easier and easier to do. Do as much as you can before dinner.Generally speaking，you should treat your academic tasks as your full-time job. 4 Your “job” as a college student should include attending class，completing homework，actively reading，thinking critically about what you’re learning，practicing and preparing for tests，and meeting with classmates and instructors. 5 A．It means a 40-hour work week. B．A part-time job is also beneficial to you. C．And a time management App is also useful. D．Work hard，play hard—just do the work first. E．Reward yourself by hanging out with your friends. F．This particular principle is much easier said than done. G．If highly productive before dinner，you will have much time left. 1．答案　C 解析　前文建议可以用手机来记录待办事项，从而管理时间，C项(时间管理的应用软件也很有用)也是记录待办事件的工具，承接上文。故选C。 2．答案　D 解析　设空处为本段的中心句，应概括本段的建议。根据后文可知，本段提出应该先做必须做的事再做自己想做的事，把想做的事情当成奖励，因此D项(努力学习，尽情玩耍——但要先把任务完成)适合作为中心句。故选D。 3．答案　F 解析　后文讲述将“努力做事——奖励自己”变成一个良性循环，做起来就会越来越容易，下文中的However表示转折，说明上下文构成转折关系。F选项(这条准则说起来容易，做起来难)与下文“越来越容易”构成转折。故选F。 4．答案　B 解析　前文建议将学业任务当作一份全职工作，其中的“full-time job”呼应了B项的“part-time job”，B项中的“also”也说明上下文存在并列关系。故选B。 5．答案　G 解析　根据段落中心句“Do as much as you can before dinner.”可知，本段主要讲的是充分利用晚饭前的时间，G项(如果晚餐前效率很高，你会节省出很多时间)呼应了段落主题，且能总结上文。故选G。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$