Unit 4 Period 2 Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第三册（译林版2020）

Period 2　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．All people should be treated equally regardless of social status. 2．I was still in awe(敬畏) of the mountains I had seen so many times before，but I couldn’t help feeling my heart shaking with anxiety. 3．It’s widely acknowledged that environmental damage threatens the whole of civilization(文明)． 4．In a word，all of these bothering outcomes(结果) are linked to lack of physical exercise. 5．The surrounding area suffered an earthquake which killed 44 people，made 21 missing and ruined(破坏，毁灭) a large area of crops. 6．To my astonishment，my little son held firm opinions which usually conflicted(冲突) with mine. 7．Ecology is the study of the relationship between plants，animals，people and their environment. 8．Finally，after he had been waiting for about half an hour，he was called in for his consultation. 9．Henry Moore is considered to be the father of modern British sculpture(雕塑)． 10．They have been studying the internal(内部的) structure of the old buildings. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．It seems incredible that such a rich man lives an incredibly simple life.(incredible) 2．Some houses are in a poor state of preservation.We want to preserve the character of the town while improving the facilities.(preserve) 3．Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films，because violence does harm to their growth.(violence) 4．It is urged that we should teach kids to take urgent action calmly in urgency.(urgent) 5．Specialists warn us that the problem of global warming should be paid special attention to.(special) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．It will help you improve your English if you write your diary in English.(if引导条件状语从句) 如果你用英语写日记的话，它就可以提高你的英语水平。 2．Hangzhou，known to the nation for its West Lake, has changed greatly.(过去分词短语作后置定语) 以西湖闻名全国的杭州已经发生很大变化。 3．The exhibition tells us why we should do something to stop air pollution.(why引导宾语从句) 本次展览告诉我们为什么我们应该做点事情来阻止空气污染。 4．He always works hard in spite of the fact that he is not in good health.(that引导同位语从句) 尽管他身体不好，但他总是努力工作。 preserve vt.维护，保护，保存；维持 n．保护区 •preserve...from...保护……免受…… •nature preserve自然保护区 •well-preserved保存良好的 (1)The reserve was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction. (2)Without nature preserves，more animals are likely to become extinct. 如果没有自然保护区，更多的动物将有可能灭绝。 (3)我们已采取有效措施保护自然资源。 We have taken effective measures to preserve our natural resources. ruin vt.破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭 n．毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁 in ruins严重受损；破败不堪；崩溃，垮掉 fall into ruin毁灭；成为废墟 be reduced to ruins沦为废墟 (1)It was his carelessness that ruined(ruin) his chance of completing the mission. (2)When they rushed to the urban area the next day，they found their neighbourhood in ruins(ruin)． (3)What saddened us was that the heritage site fell into ruin in an instant. (4)It rained for two weeks，which completely ruined our holiday. →It rained for two weeks，completely ruining our holiday.(用现在分词短语作状语改写) consultation n．咨询，商讨；就诊 (consult vt.& vi.咨询；请教；查阅 consultant n．顾问，咨询师) consult sb about/on sth向某人请教/咨询某事 consult with sb (about) sth与某人磋商某事 (1)You should consult with your parents before you make any crucial decision. (2)That company wanted to hire him as their consultant(consult)，but he declined firmly. (3)After I consulted my teacher，I made up my mind to major in English. →Having consulted my teacher，I made up my mind to major in English.(用非谓语动词作状语改写) wear down (使)磨损，(使)逐渐磨平 wear off (感觉等)逐渐消失，消逝 wear on (时间)流逝 wear sb out 使某人筋疲力尽 (1)It bothered me that the effects of the pain-killer wore off so soon. (2)As the evening wore on，she became more and more nervous. (3)The specialist was really worn out after two sleepless nights preparing for his speech. the＋比较级...，the＋比较级... 教材原句 The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites，the more likely we are to treat them with respect.我们越明白遗产地突出的普遍价值，就越可能会尊重它们。(P45) •“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”意为“越……就越……”，表示主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。 •从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级...”是表示条件的状语从句；在表示将来意义的情况时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。第二个“the＋比较级...”是主句，用一般将来时。 (1)The more(much) she thought about it，the more depressed she became. (2)Some people hold the view that the more possessions they possess，the happier(happy) they will be. (3)离熊越近，我们就越害怕。 The nearer the bear was, the more frightened we got.(2020·浙江，读后续写) Ⅰ.一词多义 nail A.n.钉子　B．n.指甲　C．vt.固定 1．He nailed boards together to make a box. C 2．Keep your nails short and your hands clean. B 3．Can you knock this nail into the wood？ A Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．He collapsed in the street and was rushed to the hospital.vi.昏倒 2．What is the current status of our application for funds？n.状况，情形 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Like all Chinese people，I am awed(awe) by the contributions made by the astronauts. 2．Cultural conflicts(conflict) can occur whenever you travel，but once in a while they happen in some truly unexpected ways. 3．Her husband is violently(violent) opposed to the idea of adopting the orphan. 4．It may take some time before we can make an accurate assessment(assess) of the damage. 5．The strategy was designed to wear down the enemy’s resistance. 6．Take myself as an example.I often consult my teacher when having difficulties in learning. 7．I’m convinced that no civilized(civilize) country should allow such terrible injustice. 8．It is obvious that the environmental problem has been put on the agenda. 9．In a word，we must preserve the water and find ways to reuse it.If not，the last drop of water will be our teardrop. 10．Surprisingly，the cottage stands on the top of the hill in our village belonging(belong) to cultural heritage. Ⅱ.选词填空 give rise to，at the thought of，take action，belong to，wear and tear 1．He felt very nervous at the thought of the coming final exam. 2．After several years，I found that my printer suffered a bit of wear and tear. 3．It’s about time that we should take action to protect our heritage sites and civilization. 4．It is beyond argument that the Great Wall belongs to seven wonders of the world. 5．Greenhouse gases will give rise to the profound and lasting influence on the whole world climate change. Ⅲ.单句写作(话题写作之保护遗址) 1．令人伤心的是，一些遗址由于某种原因而变成了废墟。(ruin) It is sad that some heritage sites have fallen into ruins for some reason. 2．我们急需采取行动保护它们。(urgent) We are in urgent need of taking action to protect them. 3．专家们建议我们建立一些协会来保护这些遗址。(preserve) Specialists suggest that we(should) set up some associations to preserve the heritage sites. 4．我们坚信，我们越关注这些遗址，它们就保存得越完好。(the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...) We hold the firm belief that the more we pay attention to the heritage sites，the more well-preserved they will be. Ⅳ.阅读理解 Even if you are not a football fan you are sure to be impressed by the Lusail Stadium，the main stadium for Qatar(卡塔尔) World Cup 2022.The stadium catches people’s attention with its bold design and creative technique，which was inspired by the hand-crafted bowls found all across the Arab world，and the Fanar lanterns found in the region. The symbolic stadium was constructed by the China Railway Construction Corporation (CRCC)．“The stadium is the most international World Cup stadium with the largest and most complex systems，the highest design standards and the most advanced technology，” said Li Bai，the Chinese engineer from CRCC who was in charge of the project. The key to the Lusail Stadium’s design is its steel(钢) structure and roof which has the same amount of steel as three Eiffel Towers.Made of the best Polytetrafluoroethylene(聚四氟乙烯) material，the stadium’s roof protects the stadium from hot winds，keeps out dust and allows in enough light for the grass on the football field to grow，while providing shade to reduce the pressure on the stadium’s cooling systems. The main structure mainly consists of V-shape trusses(构架)．This design solution reduced the amount of steel needed by 12,000 tons.Designed using the team’s innovatively developed BIM—an architecture information modeling database—the Lusail Stadium uses 40 percent less water than traditional buildings thanks to measures such as systems that use collected rainwater and an improved water-saving sprinkler irrigation(喷灌) system，according to the construction team from CRCC. Making full use of China’s advantages in the infrastructure(基础设施) industry，Chinese companies have provided a full set of production chain solutions for the design and construction of the stadium.The stadium reflects China’s rich experience in designing creative，sustainable and reliable landmark buildings such as the “Bird’s Nest” and the “Ice Ribbon”． 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2022年卡塔尔世界杯的主体育场——卢塞尔体育场，包括它的设计灵感、建筑特点和优势等。 1．What inspired the design of the Lusail Stadium? A．The advanced technology. B．The requests of football fans. C．Native bowls and local lanterns. D．The typical hand-crafted cups in Arab. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，卢塞尔体育场的设计灵感来自当地的碗和灯笼。故选C。 2．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The features of the stadium’s roof. B．The cooling systems of the stadium. C．The design standards of the stadium. D．The building materials of the stadium. 答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段第一句可知，卢塞尔体育场设计的关键是它的钢结构和屋顶。下文介绍了屋顶由最好的聚四氟乙烯材料制成及这种材料的优点，因此本段主要介绍了卢塞尔体育场屋顶的特点。故选A。 3．What advantage does the Lusail Stadium have over traditional buildings? A．It uses steel structure to build. B．It has lower water consumption. C．It helps deal with extreme weather. D．It saves electricity and heat energy. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第三句可知，卢塞尔体育场由于采用了收集雨水的系统和改进的节水喷灌系统等措施，比传统建筑节省了40%的水，即其优势是用水量更少。故选B。 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To stress the importance of the Lusail Stadium. B．To call on people to pay attention to green architecture. C．To introduce the main stadium of Qatar World Cup 2022. D．To show the development of Chinese construction technology. 答案　C 解析　写作意图题。通读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，本文的主要目的是介绍2022年卡塔尔世界杯的主体育场——卢塞尔体育场。故选C。 Ⅴ.完形填空 (2023·浙江宁波高二期末) A 102-year-old woman whose name is Margaret Griffiths is taking IT classes in an effort to catch up on modern technology.Margaret Griffiths said she 1 the weekly classes to keep her mind active and intended to “keep on doing what I desire to do as 2 as I can”． Born in 1921，Ms Griffiths began a 40-year 3 in teaching at a primary school and 4 became a head teacher.She made a promise to herself to learn something 5 every day.“I 6 my life to the world of education，and I am still exploring to this day.I have never 7 ，” she said. But her 8 came before the introduction of computers and before long she deeply felt she was 9 .Now she is learning IT at Porth Plaza Library which offers classes six days a week.She said she had no access to computers during her career，so she 10 at the chance to keep up when she saw the IT classes 11 offer. “I don’t know what future is 12 for me，but I will try my best to learn until the last second of my life.I am still 13 ，even at my age，and I am always happy to learn—long may it continue.” “At 102，all the other learners are younger than me，but I enjoy the classes and the 14 very much indeed，which make me feel energetic and passionate，” added Margaret Griffiths，whose life is a good 15 of the saying：It’s never too late to learn. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Margaret Griffiths女士虽然已有102岁的高龄，却仍然积极参加IT课程的学习，用自己的一生完美诠释了“活到老，学到老”。 1．A.joined B．organized C．attended D．paid 答案　C 解析　根据上一句的“taking IT classes”可知，Griffiths参加每周的课程。故选C。 2．A.well B．much C．soon D．long 答案　D 解析　根据最后一段的“I will try my best to learn until the last second of my life”可推知，只要还有能力，Griffiths就想要坚持做自己想做的事。故选D。 3．A.career B．ambition C．adventure D．assessment 答案　A 解析　根据句中“in teaching at a primary school”和“became a head teacher”可知，Griffiths一直在小学教学，有着40年的教学生涯。故选A。 4．A.fortunately B．eventually C．potentially D．naturally 答案　B 解析　根据句中“began a 40-year ”可知，句中前后存在时间顺序，此处指她最终当上了校长。故选B。 5．A.new B．necessary C．essential D．amusing 答案　A 解析　根据第一段中的“taking IT classes in an effort to catch up on modern technology”和第二段中的“I am still exploring to this day”可知，Griffiths一直在学习和探索，所以她要求自己每天都要学习新的东西。故选A。 6．A.spent B．employed C．committed D．occupied 答案　C 解析　根据上文“Born in 1921，Ms Griffiths began a 40-year in teaching at a primary school”可知，Griffiths她把自己的一生都奉献给了教育事业。故选C。 7．A.tried B．grasped C．failed D．stopped 答案　D 解析　根据上文“I am still exploring to this day”可知，Griffiths一直都在探索新事物，从没有停止过。故选D。 8．A.regret B．retirement C．frustration D．embarrassment 答案　B 解析　根据下文的“She said she had no access to computers during her career”及本句句意可知，Griffiths是退休之后才接触到电脑。故选B。 9．A.out of date B．out of order C．out of shape D．out of practice 答案　A 解析　根据下文的“she at the chance to keep up when she saw the IT classes offer”可知，Griffiths感到自己落伍了，怕自己跟不上时代的步伐。故选A。 10．A.seized B．looked C．jumped D．arrived 答案　C 解析　根据上文可知，Griffiths因没学过电脑而深感自己落伍了，所以她抓住了机会去参加IT课程的学习。jump at sth迫不及待地接受(机会等)。故选C。 11．A.in B．on C．at D．by 答案　B 解析　根据上一句“Now she is learning IT at Porth Plaza Library which offers classes six days a week.”可知，Griffiths正在参加IT课程，结合本句句意可知，当她看见正在开设IT课程时，就立即抓住机会报了名。on offer提供的，可买到，可使用。故选B。 12．A.in turn B．in favor C．in store D．in place 答案　C 解析　根据句中“I don’t know what future”可知，她不知道未来会发生什么。in store for sb即将发生在某人身上，等待着某人。故选C。 13．A.being educated B．being suspected C．being qualified D．being helped 答案　A 解析　根据上文“but I will try my best to learn until the last second of my life”并结合她每周上课可知，此处指她仍然在接受教育。故选A。 14．A.comfort B．performance C．reward D．company 答案　D 解析　根据本句中“all the other learners are younger than me”和“which make me feel energetic and passionate”可知，学习新知识以及和这些年轻的同学一起上课使她充满了活力和热情，所以她很喜欢这些课程和同学的陪伴。故选D。 15．A.combination B．demonstration C．emphasis D．analysis 答案　B 解析　由句意及全文可知，Griffiths的人生体现了“活到老，学到老”，是这句话的完美示范。故选B。 Ⅵ.语法填空 An amusement park or theme park is 1. group of entertaining attractions，rides，and other 2. (event) in a location for the enjoyment of 3. (vary) people.For many，there’s only one good reason to go to an amusement park：the roller coaster.Others，however，are afraid of riding coasters.They even dare not get one step 4. (close) to a coaster. Roller coasters often appeal 5. kids whose lives are boring，stressful or controlled.An expert says，“The summers 6. kids could be kids and float down a river in an inner tube(内胎) are over.Roller coasters are a way of 7. (break) out of routines(常规) in which too much is expected of you by others in everyday life.You can let go and scream and shout or do whatever you want.” Attendance at amusement parks 8. (show) many adults feel the same way. Compared with skateboarding，extreme mountain biking，and other adventure sports,9.______ (ride) roller coasters is safe.Parents 10. (usual) don’t mind when kids go on coasters.Roller coasters also bring people together.Riders share the thrill and adventure of surviving what feels like an extreme experience. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是在游乐园的众多娱乐项目中为什么那么多人喜欢坐过山车。 1．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。结合句意可知，此处表示“一组娱乐景点”，为泛指，且group发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 2．答案　events 解析　考查名词的数。结合句意及空前的形容词other可知，应填名词的复数形式。故填events。 3．答案　various 解析　考查形容词。根据空后的名词people可知，此处用形容词作定语。故填various。 4．答案　closer 解析　考查形容词的比较级。结合上下文尤其是上文的however可知，空处意在突出某些人对于过山车的害怕程度，再由系动词get可知，此处应填形容词的比较级形式，作表语。故填closer。 5．答案　to 解析　考查介词。短语appeal to sb意为“……对于某人来说有吸引力”，是固定搭配。故填to。 6．答案　when 解析　考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，先行词为The summers，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。 7．答案　breaking 解析　考查动名词。the way of doing sth意为“做……的方式”，为固定搭配。故填breaking。 8．答案　shows 解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处应填谓语动词，此处为客观陈述且主语为Attendance，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式shows。 9．答案　riding 解析　考查动名词。根据空后的is safe可知，此处应填动名词与roller coasters构成动名词短语作主语，表示一般性、多次性的动作。故填riding。 10．答案　usually 解析　考查副词。空处应填副词形式，作状语，修饰动词don’t mind。故填usually。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$