Unit 1 Period 6 Extended reading & Other parts—Language points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第三册（译林版2020）

Period 6　Extended reading & Other parts—Language points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．I was frightened by the approach of the group of goats(山羊) in the desert. 2．Contrasting(对比) the two vases，I wanted to choose the latter. 3．With the weak ray(光线) in the hut，the boy hid himself under the bed. 4．The mud(泥) stuck to her boots，making her feet heavy and her legs tired. 5．The parking lot was crowded with a variety of cars. 6．Bunches(束) of blooming roses were sent to the welfare centre. 7．Without permission，don’t touch the unknown liquid(液体) on the desk in the lab. 8．The statue(雕像) carved out of a single piece of stone is very splendid. 9．In many African countries，people have to walk a few miles to fetch(取来) water. 10．Be ready to present your passport as you cross the border(国界)． Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．He made a resolution to be a doctor.Then he resolved to study hard and get rid of his laziness. (resolve) 2．If you can’t find any accommodations elsewhere，here is a room which can accommodate up to five people.(accommodate) 3．—Could you tell me the departure time? —My train is due to depart in ten minutes.(depart) 4．That the little boy possessed a big house surprised us.That’s to say，we were surprised that a big house was in the possession of the little boy.(possess) 5．The developed countries consume the most energy in the world.So it is necessary to take measures to cut down their fuel consumption.(consume) 6．The small village far away from the big city is surrounded by trees and a lake.Many visitors are attracted by its beautiful and quiet surroundings.(surround) 7．People’s life here is full of harmony and at the same time，humans and nature make a harmonious picture.(harmony) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．Those of you wishing to join us please stay for a few minutes.(现在分词作定语) 你们中间想参加我们活动的人请留几分钟。 2．When deeply absorbed in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.(which引导非限制性定语从句) 他常常聚精会神地工作，这时他会废寝忘食。 3．Someone called me up in the early morning, but he hung up before I could answer the phone.(before 引导的时间状语从句) 一大早就有人给我打电话，但是我还没来得及接，他就把电话挂断了。 surrounding adj.周围的，附近的 (surround vt.围绕；环绕 surroundings n．环境) surround sb/sth (with sb/sth)(用某人/某物)包围某人/某物 be surrounded by/with sb/sth被某人/某物包围 (1)My family often walk around the square which is surrounded by/with blooming flowers in spring. (2)Learning is a process in which we adapt ourselves to our surroundings(surrounding)． (3)They lived in a hut surrounded(surround) by trees and blooming flowers，and most of the trees were pine trees. (4)Because this territory is surrounded by mighty mountains and valleys，it attracts many tourists every year. →Surrounded by mighty mountains and valleys，this territory attracts many tourists every year.(用过去分词短语作状语改写) harmony n．融洽，和睦；和谐 (harmonious adj.和谐的，融洽的) in harmony with 与……协调/一致 out of harmony with 与……不协调/不一致 (1)The pictures call me up my harmonious(harmony) bonds with my former neighbours. (2)When children grow up，their ideas may sometimes be out of harmony with their parents’ thoughts. (3)(话题写作之环境与自然) More and more people become aware that living in harmony with nature is essential.越来越多的人意识到与自然和谐相处是至关重要的。 starve vi. & vt.(使)挨饿，(使)饿死 (starvation n．饥饿，饿死) starve to death饿死 starve to do sth渴望做某事 starve for sth渴望得到某物 (1)If he had had a little food then, he would not have starved to death. (2)In old times，when hunting，our ancestors often lost their way and died of starvation(starve)． (3)His anxiety came down to the fact that he starved for accommodation in this new place. (4)(应用文写作之语言学习)I am starving to study English well，because mastering English means we can see the world through a new window. 我渴望学好英语，因为掌握英语意味着我们能够通过一个新窗口看世界。 possession n．私人物品；所有物；财产；拥有 [possess vt.拥有；具有；支配(不用于进行时)] •in possession of占有；拥有；持有 in the possession of为……所有 take possession of占有；拥有；支配 •possess sth具有(特质)；拥有…… (1)How fortunate and successful my niece is! With her business going on well，she at first possessed big houses and cars; and later she took possession of stocks of different companies. Eventually，she found that everything she dreamed of was in her possession.(possess) (2)我掌握了一些在我看来你会感兴趣的消息。 ①I take possession of some information that I think will interest you. ②I am in possession of some information that I think will interest you. ③Some information that I think will interest you is in the possession of me. make one’s way to 前往；到……地方去；在事业上有所起步 fight one’s way奋力前进 lose one’s way迷路 wind one’s way蜿蜒前进 选词填空 Last weekend，my friends and I (1)made our way to a forest.The forest (2)wound its way across our hometown.The jungle was surrounded by many tall trees and the road was so rough that soon we felt tired.What’s worse，we (3)lost our way in the depth of the forest.We believed that as long as we (4)fought our way，we would find our way out of the forest. It＋be＋时间段＋连词(before/since)＋从句 教材原句 It wasn’t long before we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes towering above us on all sides.很快我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。(P11) 本句中It wasn’t long before 是固定句型，意为“不久就……”。 •before作连词引导时间状语从句时，在句中的译法很灵活。通常有以下含义：在……之前；……之后才/就…… It was/will be＋时间段＋before...多长时间后就/才…… It will not be/was not＋long before...不久就…… •“It be＋一段时间＋since...”表示“自从……(到现在)有多长时间了”。since从句常用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。 (1)If you miss this chance，it may be years before you get another one. (2)It has been two years since we went to the countryside together for barbecue last time. (3)How time flies！Two weeks has gone by before we know it. 时间过得真快！两周过去了，我们才知道。 (4)It’s been six years since we last saw each other，you know. 你知道，自我们上次见面以来已有六年了。 Ⅰ.一词多义 item A.项目；细目　B．一件商品/物品　C．一条/一则(新闻) 1．We have many items to discuss in our meeting. A 2．I’m curious to know what the first news item is mainly about. C 3．Can I pay for each item separately？ B Ⅱ.熟词生义 The United States borders on Canada in the north and Mexico in the south.vt.(与……)接壤 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Let’s live in harmony with nature and create harmonious and dynamic surroundings. 2．The lawn is dotted(dot) with various colors of small flowers，which is really splendid. 3．Contrast fresh vegetables with/and frozen ones and you’ll find the fresh ones taste better. 4．After retirement，the old man made a resolution to settle(settle) in the suburbs. 5．To avoid embarrassment，you’d better learn about Chinese table manners(manner)，which are distinct from yours. 6．The man sent his girlfriend a bunch of wild flowers as a birthday present，which was off the beaten track. 7．In the distance，a camel was walking easily on the grassland with a few goats surrounding it. 8．We set off at dawn so that we could get to the destination on time and find a parking space without difficulty. 9．More time given(give)，we will go to enjoy other scenic spots including some heroes’ statues. 10．His parents have made a resolution to depart for Hawaii from Heathrow Airport. Ⅱ.选词填空 set off，be stuck in，a bunch of，contrast with，beat down 1．Children’s lives in the countryside contrast with those in the big cities. 2．I got up early and set off for my destination in the distance. 3．The man bought his mother a bunch of carnation to celebrate Mother’s Day. 4．It was unfortunate to be stuck in the rain and I was wet through. 5．She took off her hat and let the sun beat down on her. Ⅲ.单句写作(记叙文之观看展览) 1．上周六，我前往市中心参观了一场展览。(make one’s way to) Last Saturday，I made my way to the city centre to visit an exhibition. 2．距我上次参观展览已经有两年了，所以我很兴奋。(It＋be＋时间段＋since) It was two years since I visited an exhibition last time，so I was excited. 3．我一到那里，就发现展厅被特别多的人围绕着。(surround) As soon as I got there，I found the exhibition hall was surrounded by so many people. 4．有一张“dead bear”的照片吸引了一些参观者。那只熊显然死于饥饿。(starve) There was a picture called “dead bear” attracting some visitors.The bear apparently died of starvation. 5．这张图片警示我们，我们应该保护野生动物，并学会与自然和谐相处。(harmony) The picture warned us that we should protect wild animals and learn to live in harmony with nature. Ⅳ.阅读理解 Photographer Rebecca Douglas has always been crazy about the night sky.Her love of the stars has taken the UK resident on “star walking” trips to Iceland and into the Arctic.For nature lovers like Douglas star walking turns out to be a good way to enjoy life. Hiking at night isn’t uncommon.Plenty of people hike after dark to get to campsites or watch sun rise from a mountaintop.Star walking goes a step further by mixing hiking with stargazing.Rather than heading to an observatory or setting up a telescope in your backyard，star walking takes you on a brief journey to look at the stars from different viewpoints. “An observatory can never take the place of getting out into a rural landscape under a blanket of stars，” says Gary Lintern of Stargazing Nights in Durham，England，who leads guided night-time hikes.“It’s a magical experience，and I enjoy sharing it，especially at some of my favorite locations，like the High Force Waterfall，England’s largest waterfall，in Teesdale.” There are plenty of studies that show the health benefits of being in nature.Spending at least two hours a week outdoors，particularly while engaging in activities that involve “effortless attention”，can decrease blood pressure，heart rate，and stress levels.Walking at night has the added benefit of improving sleep，which is important for overall health，says Christina Pierpaoli Parker，a behavioral sleep researcher at the University of Alabama.Parker says that star walking works on two physiological processes that determine sleep quality.“Movement and exercise，such as relaxing stargazing walks outside，may facilitate sleep，” she says. Lintern advises reading up on the night sky before setting out.Free mobile apps，such as Star Walk 2，can help identify celestial bodies and are easy to use—simply point your phones at the sky to get a map.Websites like Sky & Telescope and NASA’s Space Place cover the basics，have in-depth explanations for constellations (星座)，and offer advice on gear and equipment. At the end of the day，the best advice is to take it slow and enjoy the journey. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是星空漫步结合了徒步旅行和观星的活动，对于观星者的身心健康都有好处，并告诉了我们做一名观星者的必要装备。 1．Why did Douglas go to Iceland? A．To take photos there. B．To enjoy the night sky there. C．To experience daily life there. D．To search for an observatory there. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，道格拉斯去冰岛是为了欣赏那里的夜空。故选B。 2．What can we know about star walking? A．It is a combination of hiking and stargazing. B．It is similar to stargazing at an observatory. C．It only requires a telescope in your backyard. D．It becomes more popular because of Gary Lintern. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Star walking goes a step further by mixing hiking with stargazing.”可知，星空漫步是徒步旅行和观星的结合。故选A。 3．What does the underlined word “facilitate” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Slow. B．Worsen. C．Prevent. D．Promote. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Walking at night has the added benefit of improving sleep”以及“Parker says that star walking works on two physiological processes that determine sleep quality.”可知，Parker认为星空漫步有利于睡眠，因此画线词facilitate的意思是“改善，提升”，和promote意思相近，故选D。 4．What’s the fifth paragraph mainly about? A．Some useful mobile apps. B．Famous websites about hiking. C．Proper suggestions on star walking. D．Basic knowledge of equipment for stargazing. 答案　C 解析　段落大意题。通读第五段可知，第五段主要讲的是关于进行星空漫步的适当建议。故选C。 Ⅴ.完形填空 “Are you really going to eat another piece of pizza？” It was at my fourteenth birthday party that I received my first 1 related comment.After that day，comments like this 2 in my head longer than they should have.I was 3 picking flaws(缺点) in my figure in the mirror. I decided that I couldn’t eat like this in order to be 4 .It started out as just a little extra 5 every day，like running，but it quickly turned into 6 meals and working out every night before bed.As I 7 the calories，the comments started to change.Perhaps my 8 comment was “You’re so skinny.” Maybe others didn’t know it，but their comments were 9 my social construction of beauty.However，my condition slowly became worse.My caloric intake was less than that of a child and I no longer had the 10 to do the things I once enjoyed. Everything changed when I got a call from the director at my dance studio.She 11 me that she had wanted to move me to the advanced level， 12 she noticed I was too skinny.I then realized I nearly 13 my role in The Nutcracker.I was determined that I wasn’t going to let society’s idea of beauty be the death of me. I want to get better for real this time.Mirrors and scales(秤) have no 14 of who I am.Social constructions of beauty will always be 15 in the world that I live in but I’ve decided not to let them rule over me. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为别人的评论对自己的身材不满，开始减肥，但因为过度减肥，差点失去了舞蹈角色，这让作者意识到不应该过分在意别人的评论，要做真实的自己。 1．A.habit B．ability C．health D．weight 答案　D 解析　根据上文的“Are you really going to eat another piece of pizza？”可知，对方认为我太胖了，不应该再吃一块披萨了，由此可知，这是一条与体重有关的评论。故选D。 2．A.changed B．stuck C．competed D．recreated 答案　B 解析　根据下文的“I was picking flaws(缺点) in my figure in the mirror.”可知，我不断地在镜子里挑自己身材的缺点，由此可知，这些关于体重的评论一直停留在我的脑海中。stick in one’s head/mind经久不忘。故选B。 3．A.constantly B．immediately C．carefully D．regularly 答案　A 解析　根据上文的“After that day，comments like this in my head longer than they should have.”可知，这些关于体重的评论一直影响着我，由此可知，我开始不自信，不断地在镜子里挑自己身材的缺点。故选A。 4．A.famous B．special C．pretty D．brave 答案　C 解析　根据句中的“I decided that I couldn’t eat like this”可知，我决定不能再像这样无节制地吃东西，由此可知，我少吃东西是为了身材好，为了漂亮。故选C。 5．A.support B．exercise C．reward D．practice 答案　B 解析　根据句中的“like running”可知，我会每天跑步，由此可知，刚开始我会每天做一点额外的运动。故选B。 6．A.ordering B．serving C．quitting D．cooking 答案　C 解析　根据上文“I decided that I couldn’t eat like this in order to be .”可知，为了漂亮，我决定减肥，由此可知，我开始停止吃饭。故选C。 7．A.cut down B．took in C．concentrated on D．engaged in 答案　A 解析　根据下文“You’re so skinny.”可知，大家说我瘦了，由此可知，我减少了卡路里。故选A。 8．A.unexpected B．favorite C．brief D．familiar 答案　B 解析　根据句中“You’re so skinny.”可知，“你太瘦了”是我最喜欢的评论。故选B。 9．A.fueling B．admitting C．improving D．explaining 答案　A 解析　根据上文“After that day，comments like this in my head longer than they should have.”可知，他们的评论一直停留在我的脑海里，我很在意，受到刺激，才决定减肥，由此可知，他们的评论正在刺激我对美的社会建构。故选A。 10．A.time B．mood C．plan D．energy 答案　D 解析　根据句中“My caloric intake was less than that of a child”可知，我的热量摄入不足，由此可知，我没有精力做我曾经喜欢的事情了。故选D。 11．A.informed B．warned C．reminded D．persuaded 答案　A 解析　根据上文“Everything changed when I got a call from the director”可知，她告诉我她想把我提升到高级水平。故选A。 12．A.and B．but C．since D．though 答案　B 解析　根据句中“she had wanted to move me to the advanced level”和“she noticed I was too skinny”可知，上下文为转折关系，她想把我提升到高级水平，但她注意到我太瘦了。故选B。 13．A.played B．forgot C．lost D． picked 答案　C 解析　根据句中“she noticed I was too skinny”可知，她认为我太瘦了，不太适合《胡桃夹子》中的角色，由此可知，我几乎失去了在《胡桃夹子》中的角色。故选C。 14．A.amount B．intention C．sign D．idea 答案　D 解析　根据下文“I’ve decided not to let them rule over me”可知，我决定不让别人对我外表的评论影响我，由此可知，我不再过度减肥，镜子和秤都不知道我是谁，我要做真正的自己，have no idea of...意为“不知道……”。故选D。 15．A.true B．meaningful C．different D．present 答案　D 解析　根据句中“but I’ve decided not to let them rule over me”可知，虽然社会对美的建构一直存在，但我决定不让它们统治我，我要做真正的自己。故选D。 Ⅵ.语法填空 Experts say the bee population is getting smaller because of climate change and other human-caused 1. (activity)．We are building houses and cities on land where they live，and using chemicals 2. are killing them.Last winter，U.S.beekeepers lost almost 40% of their colonies(蜂群)，3. (make) them suffer great losses. Thiele,4. beekeeper，says the usual ways people raise honey bees 5. (be) bad for their health.He rejects the white boxes that 6. (tradition) beekeepers use.He also refuses to use chemicals，smoke or protective clothing when he works with bees.He touches them 7. his bare hands.Thiele says his hives(蜂巢) are both a way to save bees and a personal project. When bees crawled(爬) over his hands and arms，he said，“It feels so close and I feel how 8. (deep) we belong and how important it is 9. (keep) them safe from harm.” He adds that honey bees show how fragile the life is.He makes a 10. (far) remark，“As if they are really mirroring where we are at this time on this planet.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化和其他人为活动导致蜜蜂数量的减少以及养蜂人蒂勒独特的养蜂方法与感悟。 1．答案　activities 解析　考查名词复数。此处other修饰可数名词复数，故填activities。 2．答案　that/which 解析　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为chemicals，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。 3．答案　making 解析　考查非谓语动词。空前是一个完整的句子，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，根据句意判断，此处应用现在分词作结果状语。 4．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。beekeeper是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词，此处表泛指，需要用不定冠词a修饰，故填a。 5．答案　are 解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为the usual ways，是复数形式，故填are。 6．答案　traditional 解析　考查形容词。修饰名词beekeepers用形容词，故填traditional。 7．答案　with 解析　考查介词。分析句子结构可知此处需要填介词，根据句意可知此处表示“用”，故填with。 8．答案　deeply 解析　考查副词。修饰动词belong用副词，故填deeply。 9．答案　to keep 解析　考查非谓语动词。it is＋adj.＋to do sth表示“做某事是……的”，it为形式主语，后面的不定式是真正的主语，故填to keep。 10．答案　further 解析　考查形容词比较级。上一句说他补充说蜜蜂显示了生命是多么脆弱，此处有一个隐晦的比较意义，表示“进一步说”，故填further。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$