Unit 2 Period 2 Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第三册（外研版2019）

Yuan Longping was born in 1930. When he was young，he saw many people go hungry often. So he had devoted himself to finding ways of increasing rice harvests without expanding the area of fields since he graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Now about 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid1 strain2. Yuan’s innovation3 has helped feed not just China，but many other countries (such as India and Vietnam) to increase their rice harvests. He cared little for celebrity4 and money and made large donations to support agricultural research. His later vision5 for “seawater rice” also became a reality. (改编自人教版新教材选择性必修第一册Unit 5) 词汇积累 1．hybrid n．杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车 2．strain n．(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力 3．innovation n．创新；创造 4．celebrity n．名人；名流；名望；名誉 5．vision n．视力；视野 Period 2　Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．pose　　　　　 A．the state of being very attracted to and interested in sb/sth 2．grocery B．a shop that sells food and other things used in the home 3．fascination C．to sit or stand in a particular position in order to be painted， drawn or photographed 4．faraway D．a famous person 5．celebrity E．simple，without any difficulty or confusion 6．uncomplicated F．a long distance away 答案　1.C　2.B　3.A　4.F　5.D　6.E Ⅱ.选词填空 1．The graceful young photographer reminds me to sit still while I pose for my photo. 2．Experts find that learning to play an instrument or just listening to music can have a wide range of benefits. 3．In western countries，don’t overlook restaurant tips which may amount to as much as 10% of your bill. 4．The timid girl looked in the direction of the window，but there was nothing more than the deep darkness. 5．His application to take a day off was rejected，which made him upset. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What’s the main idea of the passage? A．A life in photographs. B．Cunningham’s early life. C．The value of fashion. D．People’s world view. 答案　A Ⅱ.悉层次结构 Skim the text and match each part with its main idea. Part 1Paras.1－2　 A．Bill’s fashion beliefs and devotion to photography. Part 2Paras.3－4 B．A brief introduction to Bill Cunningham. Part 3Paras.5－6 C．Bill’s passion for photography. Part 4Para.7 D．Bill Cunningham’s lifestyle and philosophy. 答案　Part 1 B　Part 2 A　Part 3 D　Part 4 C Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read Paras.1－2 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What is the function of the first sentence in paragraph 1? 答案　To introduce the hero of this text—Bill Cunningham. 2．What is the daily look of Cunningham？Underline the words and expressions in the passage. 答案　A white-haired old man riding an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York，always wearing the same blue worker’s jacket and simple black running shoes. 3．What do we know about Bill Cunningham according to the first two paragraphs? A．He is a cycling lover. B．He is a poor worker. C．He is an old man wearing fancy clothes. D．He is an American photographer. 答案　D Ⅱ.Read Paras.3－4 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What are paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about? A．How Cunningham found his inspiration. B．Cunningham was devoted to photography. C．The reasons why Cunningham was so great. D．The equipment Cunningham used was expensive. 答案　C 2．What made Cunningham so great? A．His ordinary-looking appearance. B．His inspiration from ordinary scenes and his hard work. C．Years of experience in fashion photography. D．Years of simple life and ability of searching for fun. 答案　B 3．What does Cunningham think of fashion? A．High society is the source of fashion. B．The celebrities are the symbol of fashion. C．Everyone can enjoy the beauty of fashion. D．Big brands tend to be fashionable. 答案　C Ⅲ.Read Paras.5－6 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What does the word “integrity” mean in paragraph 6? A．The state of being whole and not divided. B．The state of being far away from others. C．The quality of being honest and having strong moral principles. D．The quality of being different from others. 答案　C 2．What’s your understanding of Cunningham’s words “Money’s the cheapest thing”？ A．He cares little about money. B．He can buy the cheapest things. C．He prefers money to freedom. D．He considers his craft worthless. 答案　A 3．What kept Cunningham focused on his craft? A．The good profit. B．The love from high society. C．The lack of self-interest and promotion. D．The trouble of simple life. 答案　C Ⅳ.Read Para.7 carefully and do the following exercise. What do we know about Cunningham from the last paragraph? A．He didn’t stop taking photos until he died. B．He was fond of taking photos all his life. C．He wanted to be one of the observed. D．He was more a cultural anthropologist than a fashion photographer. 答案　B Ⅴ.Read the whole passage again and do the following exercise. After reading the passage，how do you find Cunningham? A．Poor and common. B．Hard-working and devoted. C．Complicated and easy-going. D．Alone and generous. 答案　B Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．Why is Bill Cunningham called a “cultural anthropologist”？(Critical thinking) 2．What can you learn from Bill Cunningham？(Creative thinking) Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 Bill Cunningham was an ordinary-looking man and one of the 1.most important(important) American photographers of the last 50 years.He always used simple,2.relatively(relative) cheap cameras and took all his pictures on the streets of New York.He would like 3.to photograph(photograph) ordinary people as much as VIPs and found inspiration 4.where others could not，in simple，everyday scenes.These scenes were real and Cunningham could see beauty and potential within their reality.In addition，Cunningham was devoted 5.to photography.He would even stay outside in a storm，not 6.coming(come) back until he knew he had the right photos.This devotion and hard work can 7.be reflected(reflect) within his photos.Although he was world-famous，Cunningham lived a simple life and never accepted the benefits 8.offered(offer) to him.He thought “Money is the cheapest thing，” and “Freedom is the most expensive.” At the age of 87 he passed away and had been working right up until his last illness.His hard work made him more than 9.a fashion photographer.He was an 10.observer(observe)，and not one of the observed，a worker not a star and this was how he wanted it. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．Through his fascination with what people were wearing，and not who they were，he opened the doors of fashion to everyone—fashion as he saw it belonged to the people，not just to high society and big brands. [句式分析]　此句是复合句。主干为主谓宾状的句子，第一个逗号前面为介词短语作方式状语，其中with后面是what和who引导的两个并列的宾语从句；as he saw it为as引导的方式状语从句，在句中作插入语。 [自主翻译]　他用自己迷恋的对象——关注人们穿什么，而不是这些人是谁——向所有人打开了时尚的大门。在他看来，时尚属于民众，而不仅仅属于上流社会和大品牌。 2．Moreover，what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography，and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work. [句式分析]　此句是复合句。what引导主语从句；was后的成分为表语；he put into his work为省略了which/that的定语从句，修饰the hours and hours of sheer hard work。 [自主翻译]　此外，坎宁安的伟大之处还在于他对摄影的奉献精神，以及他在工作中投入的大量时间和精力。 3．He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone，no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered. [句式分析]　此句为复合句。no matter how many引导的是让步状语从句；he was offered是省略that或which的定语从句。 [自主翻译]　他珍视自己的正直，不为任何人所动摇，无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Li Jianguo，a 49-year-old teacher at the Tianjin Vocational Institute，is set to be named as one of the “2022 most beautiful teachers”—an annual public award sponsored by the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the Ministry of Education. Li has stood out by taking the lead in the training of students in vocational skills，gaining a number of honors including being named as a national role model teacher.He has mentored(指导) seven national-level technique experts and a team of 14 technique masters.One of his students，Guo Jinpeng，who graduated from the institute in 2007，became a college teacher at the Chengdu Auto Vocational and Technical School and was named as a national role model teacher in 2019. Li’s nomination as one of the “2022 most beautiful teachers” reflects that China is focusing on the importance of vocational education and aims to foster(培养) more leading personnel with the spirit of craftsmanship in the manufacturing industry. At an international vocational and technical education conference in Tianjin last month，Li noted that there is no difference between vocational education and ordinary education，and vocational education is not secondary nor should it ever be treated as less than ordinary education.“Vocational education has the mission of fostering a quality workforce and technical experts for the country.The hardworking spirit is the key to building any ordinary people into leading personnel，” he said. Li joined the institute in 1993 and later founded a machinery engineering practice center，providing free training to 7,500 people a week.In 2015，he led a team of teachers to work for 40 days to repair 124 machine tools in the center.Li has devoted himself to building the country’s first additive manufacturing technique and application center at the institute to satisfy the thirst for the country’s human resources in 3D printing. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了被评为“2022年最美教师”之一的天津职业大学教师李建国，他为发展学生职业技能和培养国家级技术专家做出了贡献。 1．Why does the author mention Guo Jinpeng in paragraph 2? A．To make a comparison with Li Jianguo. B．To show the achievements of Li Jianguo. C．To praise national-level technique experts. D．To publicize national role model teachers. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“He has mentored(指导) seven national-level technique experts and a team of 14 technique masters.”可推知，作者在第二段提到郭金鹏是作为例子来展示李建国的成就。故选B。 2．What is Li’s opinion about vocational education? A．It is a good way of winning awards. B．It is not as good as ordinary education. C．It should develop qualified and skilled talents. D．It has nothing to do with hardworking spirit. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。根据第四段中的“Vocational education has the mission of fostering a quality workforce and technical experts for the country.”可知，李建国认为职业教育应该培养合格的、有专业技术的人才。故选C。 3．Which of the following best describes Li’s job at the institute? A．Boring. B．Well-paid. C．Difficult. D．Creative. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Li has devoted himself to building the country’s first...human resources in 3D printing.”可推知，李建国在学校的工作是有创造性的。故选D。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．China Sponsoring Annual Award for Teachers B．China Aiming to Develop More Leading Personnel C．Different Education Training Different Kinds of Students D．A Vocational Teacher to Be Awarded as One of the “Most Beautiful Teachers” 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了被评为“2022年最美教师”之一的天津职业大学教师李建国，他为发展学生职业技能和培养国家级技术专家做出了很多贡献。由此可知，D选项(一名职业教师被评为“最美教师”)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 B Daniel Brush，an astonishing worker in gold，jewels and steel died on November 2022，aged 75.Students from a jewellery school once came to Brush’s studio，a loft in mid-Manhattan，awed to be meeting a figure who，to them，was a worker of miracles. For 45 years in that loft，he had pursued his calling.His wife Olivia was the only company.He produced hundreds of objects of all sorts，most of them exquisite and many astonishingly small.Rather than use electricity，he laboured alone in a forest of antique machines and when tools frustrated him he made his own，displaying them in cupboards as art in themselves. Above all else，he worked in gold.His obsession took fire when at 13 he saw an Etruscan gold bowl in the Victoria and Albert Museum.The ancient technique of applying gold beads as fine as sand-grains to a curved gold surface without solder(焊接)，was stunning，but so was the lightness of spirit. He resolved then that he would make such a bowl，and gold became the study of his life.Simply to watch it melt，turn to red-hot and white-hot，then glow purple，was magical.To hold pure gold grain and let it move slowly through his fingers restored his calm of spirit.His chief motivation，he said，was to understand the material and，through that，himself.He wondered why his heart had beaten so fast in the museum that day.Gold in particular had a message for him.His contact with this glorious metal might focus all his attention and help him to hear it. He developed delicate craftsmanship，with each object virtually a museum piece.For Daniel Brush，he loved the idea that one might take a piece made by Brush out of a pocket，let its beauty pass from mind to mind，and smile.That too was what its maker was after. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。Daniel Brush是一位创造奇迹的人，他使用古老的工艺来制作物品，一生追求艺术理想。 5．What can we learn about Daniel Brush? A．Students visited him regularly. B．He began to live in his loft in 1975. C．He tended to use ancient crafts to produce objects. D．Most objects he produced were of a surprisingly small size. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段末句和第三段末句可知，Daniel Brush不喜欢用电动机器，痴迷传统技巧，即他倾向于使用古老的工艺来制作物品。故选C。 6．What is the main reason for his lifelong study of gold? A．He wanted to learn more about both gold and himself. B．He wondered why his heart had beat fast in the museum. C．His calm was restored when gold grain moved through fingers. D．Gold had a particular message for him and he was eager to hear it. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“His chief motivation，he said，was to understand the material and，through that，himself.”可知，他终生研究黄金的主要原因是他想了解更多关于黄金和自己的知识。故选A。 7．Which of the following can best describe Daniel Brush? A．Stubborn. B．Wealthy. C．Dedicated. D．Lonely. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For 45 years in that loft，he had pursued his calling.”以及后文描述的他对黄金的研究和投入可知，Daniel Brush非常投入和专注。故选C。 8．What does the author try to emphasize in the last paragraph? A．Brush’s valuable works. B．The admirers Brush expected. C．Brush’s desire for fame. D．The artistic ideal Brush pursued. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“For Daniel Brush，he loved the idea...what its maker was after.”可知，作者在最后一段中想要强调的是Brush追求的艺术理想。故选D。 C Invented in the Tang Dynasty and widely adopted after the Song Dynasty in Fujian，the watertight-bulkhead(水密舱壁) technology permits the construction of ocean-going ships with watertight compartments(隔层)．If one or two cabins are accidentally damaged at sea，water will not flood the other cabins and the ships will remain afloat. The experience and working methods of watertight-bulkhead technology are transmitted orally from masters to apprentices.However，the need for Chinese junks(中国式帆船) has decreased sharply as wooden ships have been replaced by steel-hulled ships，and today only three masters can claim full command of this technology.Associated building costs have also increased owing to a shortage in raw materials.Therefore，the inheritance(继承) of this heritage is decreasing，and inheritors are forced to seek alternative employment. Zhang Guohui，a 77-year-old inheritor of the watertight-bulkhead techniques used to make Chinese junks，has been making ships for more than six decades.Coming from a poor family in a fishing town in East China’s Fujian Province，Zhang started to make a living at the age of 16 fishing on the open seas，which is where he developed a keen interest in constructing boats.As a fast learner，Zhang was later sent to shipyards in the cities of Quanzhou and Xiamen in Fujian Province，where he received training and became a master of traditional Chinese junks and gained fame because of his extremely skilled craftsmanship in the construction of these junks. In fear that the traditional skills would die someday，Zhang started to restore old ships and make model junks for the museum with his 20 years of shipbuilding skills.“The restored ancient ships are the historical witnesses of Quanzhou as a maritime center of the East and Southeast Asia trade network，” said Zhang，adding that he finds the work meaningful since younger generations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships that their ancestors had advanced shipbuilding technology at an early stage of development.“As long as I’m alive，I’ll keep passing on the heritage，” he said. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发明于唐代，普及于宋代的水密舱壁技术以及致力于该项技术的推广与传承的张国辉老人。 9．What function is expected of the watertight-bulkhead technology? A．To prevent ships from sinking. B．To reduce the weight of ships. C．To allow ships to sail faster. D．To help ships resist strong winds. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段末句可知，水密舱壁技术可以让船只在部分受损的情况下，仍可以继续保持漂浮不下沉。故选A。 10．Which of the following is the purpose of paragraph 2? A．To prove the significance of steel-hulled ships. B．To stress the complex process of building wooden ships. C．To present people’s efforts to pass down cultural heritages. D．To show difficulties of inheriting watertight-bulkhead technology. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，本段意在讲述当今时代传承这项技术的困难：需求减少、原料短缺、成本上涨等。故选D。 11．What can we learn about Zhang Guohui from paragraph 3? A．He supports his family by fishing. B．He was born with a talent for shipbuilding. C．He has devoted himself to constructing boats. D．He has won many awards for restoring ancient ships. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，张国辉老人致力于造船事业。故选C。 12．What does Zhang Guohui convey in his words? A．Traditional culture should be innovated with the times. B．The ancient ship trade originated from Quanzhou in China. C．It is necessary for modern students to learn shipbuilding skills. D．It is worth passing on traditional skills from generation to generation. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...he finds the work meaningful since younger generations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships...”可推知，老人说这些话表明他认为代代传承传统技艺是有意义的，是值得的。故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五 If you are seeking a new career opportunity rather than just a job，you are not alone.So how can you make sure your job is the right fit for you？ 1 Luckily，you are in the right place to get some tips on landing the career you are looking for after graduation. 2 It may sound simple，but many recent graduates struggle with the big picture.Often，we see career seekers fall into the workforce without a true understanding of what they truly want to do.It is important to understand what you want to accomplish in your career.Find out what you like to do by completing a self-evaluation. Understand your salary requirements. 3 This is common; however，you can find yourself in an unsatisfying field if satisfying your salary requirements is impossible in that field.That is a problem.It will make your job much less fulfilling. Set your work-life balance needs.This is important for finding the career that best suits you.In selecting a career，you often have to take various factors into account.Understand how much time you need for the other aspects of life. 4 Reach out to the place where you want to work.You may have understood the career you want to pursue，but the only problem is that the company isn’t offering that position.Don’t let that discourage you. 5 You may be surprised that the company may be able to offer you a similar job or the ideal position in the future. A．Show off your competence properly. B．Know what you want to pursue in life. C．It’s a tough question without a simple answer. D．Contact the hiring manager at that company to express your interest. E．Then find a job that will allow you enough time away from the office. F．Keep yourself well informed of the latest information about the labor market. G．A lot of recent graduates struggle to find a job from which they can get adequate pay. 1．答案　C 解析　根据上文“So how can you make sure your job is the right fit for you？”可知，此处提出了一个问题。由此可知，C项(这是一个很难回答的问题)能够承接上文，It指代上文提出的问题。故选C。 2．答案　B 解析　根据下文“It is important to understand what you want to accomplish in your career.Find out what you like to do by completing a self-evaluation.”可知，本段主要建议要知道你想追求什么。由此可知，B项(知道你想在生活中追求什么)能够作本段主旨句。故选B。 3．答案　G 解析　根据本段主旨句“Understand your salary requirements.”可知，本段介绍的是薪资方面的事情。由此可知，G项(许多刚毕业的大学生都很难找到一份有足够报酬的工作)符合本段主旨。故选G。 4．答案　E 解析　根据本段主旨句“Set your work-life balance needs.”可知，本段主要关于工作与生活的平衡需求；且空前一句提出要明白你生活的其他方面需要多少时间，所以，E项(然后找一份能让你有足够时间远离办公室的工作)承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 5．答案　D 解析　根据本段主旨句“Reach out to the place where you want to work.”可知，本段主要介绍的是联系你想工作的地方。由此可知，D项(联系那家公司的招聘经理表达你的兴趣)符合本段主旨。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$