Unit 1 Period 3 Starting out & Understanding ideas—Language points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第三册（外研版2019）

Period 3　Starting out & Understanding ideas—Language points 提示：题干中加底纹的词汇为本单元的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．His little sister is so careful that she never overlooks any little points. 2．All of these have enriched my knowledge and enlarged(扩大) my horizons up to now. 3．He pretended to be reading when his teacher stepped into the classroom. 4．It bothers(使苦恼) me a lot that my daughter is too obsessive about buying different lipsticks. 5．The teacher managed to boost my son’s confidence，which moved me so much. 6．When found in the cave，the old man looked extremely skinny(极瘦的) and unhealthy. 7．He lives in a crowded dormitory and most of his roommates are very friendly to him. 8．His son felt a little sick，so he entered the living room to fetch some pills. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．To our surprise，they’ve enlarged the kitchen by tearing down part of the large garden.(large) 2．You must acknowledge the truth of her argument and all she wants is some acknowledgement.(acknowledge) 3．Though the pictures are almost identical to each other，I can finally identify them and find out the differences between them.(identity) 4．My roommate pretends to know everything，but he often misjudges(judge) things and overlooks the key factors. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．What is urgent is that we should make people aware of how important learning traditional Chinese culture is. 当务之急是我们应该使人们意识到学习中国传统文化的重要性。 2．The students who are interested in the activity should sign up for it in advance. 对这次活动感兴趣的同学们要提前报名。 3．He is so proud that nobody likes the way (that/in which) he speaks. 他是如此傲慢以至于没有人喜欢他说话的方式。 4．He is always committed to his study.That is why he can perfectly fulfill his dream. 他总是全身心地投入学习。那就是他可以完美地实现梦想的原因。 5．What surprised me most was that you should have overlooked the most important point. 最让我惊讶的是，你竟然忽略了最重要的一点。 pretend v．假装，装作 pretend (1)My roommate pretended to be sleeping(sleep) when our teacher stepped into our dormitory. (2)I pretended to have finished(finish) all my homework when asked by my parents. →I pretended that I had finished all my homework when asked by my parents. (3)When it comes to study，it is unwise (of you) to pretend to know what you don’t. 在学习上，不懂装懂是不明智的。 bother v．打扰；烦扰；麻烦；操心；(使)苦恼 n．[U]烦扰；麻烦；困难；[C]麻烦的事；讨厌的人 •bother to do/doing sth操心/费心做某事 bother sb with/about sth用某事打扰或麻烦某人 bother sb to do sth麻烦某人做某事 It bothers/bothered sb that.../to do...使某人烦恼的是…… •have (no) bother (in) doing sth做某事(不)费劲 (1)What makes me feel bothered(bother) is that my son often interrupts me when I’m working at home. (2)With my roommates’ generous help，I have no bother adapting(adapt) to the boarding school life. (3)(应用文写作之求助信)What bothers me is that/It bothers me that I don’t know how to improve my English.Would you please bother offering/to offer some practical tips? I sincerely hope that I won’t bother you too much with my request.Looking forward to your early reply. 让我烦恼的是我不知道如何提高我的英语。您可以费心提供一些实用的建议吗？我真诚地希望我的请求不会给您带来太多麻烦。期待您尽早回复。 acknowledge vt.认可；承认(某事属实或某情况存在)；确认；感谢；告知(acknowledgement n．承认；感谢；收件复函) •acknowledge sb/sth to be/as...认为某人/物是……；承认某人/物是…… acknowledge doing/having done sth承认做了某事 •It is universally/widely acknowledged that...……是大家公认的。 •in acknowledgement of为感谢…… (1)In the end，the professor acknowledged misjudging/having misjudged(misjudge) the situation. (2)The flowers were a small acknowledgement(acknowledge) of your kindness that had been shown to us. (3)It is widely acknowledged that the graceful lady is the best novelist in her country. →The graceful lady is widely acknowledged as/to be the best novelist in her country. (4)I acknowledge my English teacher，without whom I couldn’t have made such great progress in English. 我感谢我的英语老师，没有他我不可能在英语方面取得如此大的进步。 a lack of... 缺乏……(lack n．& v．缺乏；没有 lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的) •for lack of因缺乏…… •be lacking in缺少…… 注意：lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可作及物动词直接加宾语(不能用于被动语态和进行时)，也可作不及物动词，后常与介词for连用；形容词lacking常与in连用。 (1)Later，he worked in Africa，where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment. (2)It is obvious that the young girl is lacking(lack) in useful skills. (3)Though Jack lacked experience，he made up for it in enthusiasm. →Though lacking experience，Jack made up for it in enthusiasm.(用省略句改写) (4)Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and (a) lack of exercise. 健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。 leave an impression on... 给……留下好印象(impression n．印象，感想 impress v．使留下深刻印象 impressive adj.令人印象深刻的) •leave/make a(n)．..impression on/upon sb给某人留下……的印象 •impress sb with sth＝impress sth on/upon sb使某人铭记…… (sb) be impressed by/with...(某人)对……印象深刻 What impressed sb most was sth/that...让某人印象最为深刻的是…… (1)Her beauty made a deep impression on all the people present.However，what impressed me most was her brilliant talents，which was really impressive.(impress) (2)She impressed me with her bizarre makeover and skinny figure. →She impressed her bizarre makeover and skinny figure on/upon me. →I was impressed by/with her bizarre makeover and skinny figure.(impressed adj.) →Her bizarre makeover and skinny figure made a deep impression on/upon me.(impression) (3)What impresses me most is that people there are kind and optimistic，willing to give a hand. 最让我印象深刻的是，那里的人都很善良乐观，愿意帮助他人。(what引导主语从句) That’s why... 教材原句　That’s why I could never understand my sister，who has 17 lipsticks and can’t decide which one to use every morning.所以我永远无法理解我姐姐。她有17支口红，每天早上都不知道该用哪支好。(P3) •This/That is/was why...这/那就是……的原因(why引导表语从句，表示结果)。 •This/That is/was because...这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句，表示原因)。 •The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因)。 (1)Mary was not confident.That was why she didn’t participate in the speech contest. →Mary didn’t participate in the speech contest.That was because she was not confident. (2)The reason why I recommend you to participate in the activity is that it can boost your confidence in speaking English. 我建议你参加这项活动的原因是它可以增强你说英语的信心。 Ⅰ.一词多义 acknowledge A.认可　B.感谢　C.承认　D.告知收悉 1．Acknowledge that you hurt her，and then apologize. C 2．Harry is acknowledged to be the cleverest boy in the class. A 3．I gratefully acknowledge financial support from several local businesses. B 4．All applications will be acknowledged. D Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．That restaurant overlooking the lake is very popular in this city.俯视 2．There are plenty of horror stories associated with skinny jeans.紧身的 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Every one has a desire for success，but only hard work can make it true. 2．As we had expected，the girl who practiced hard every day won the first prize. 3．For me，these two pictures are not similar but identical，and that’s why I am quite confused about them. 4．How to enlarge(enlarge) our vocabulary in English hasn’t been discussed yet. 5．Just as Professor Roy often puts it，“Success depends on hard work and inspiration.” 6．We should make great efforts(effort) to beautify our environment，because it has an immense impact on humans. 7．Do remember that the number on the card should be identical to/with the one on the cheque book. 8．He pretended to have finished(finish) his homework，but his facial expression gave him away. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．An approving look could help boost his confidence as he’s feeling a bit nervous. 2．To my annoyance，the policeman observed me from head to toe as if I were a thief. 3．Honestly speaking，you need to take more exercise if you want to keep fit. 4．When you come across unfamiliar words in reading，referring to the dictionary immediately is not advised. 5．For the first time I understand that people who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——我最敬爱的老师) 1．我必须承认我的英语老师是我生命中最令人钦佩的人。(acknowledge) I have to acknowledge that my English teacher is the most admirable person in my life. 2．刚上高中时，因为缺乏自信，我经常保持沉默。(for lack of) I often kept silent for lack of confidence when I first entered senior high school. 3．当我遇到困难时，她努力帮助我增强信心。(boost one’s confidence) When I was in trouble，she made efforts to help boost my confidence. 4．随着时间的推移，在她的不断帮助下，我变得越来越自信。 As time went by，I became more and more confident with her constant help. 5．我的英语老师帮助我成长，那就是我非常钦佩她的原因。(that’s why...) It is my English teacher who helps me grow up，and that’s why I admire her very much. Ⅳ.阅读理解 Have you ever heard someone say，“You totally look like you’re a Jessica” or something similar? People seem to think that they know what kind of person a “Jessica” or a “Michael” looks like.Why is this? According to a study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，humans tend to associate people’s names with their appearance，and can even guess someone’s name based on how they look. Researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem，Israel，collected thousands of photos of people’s faces.They labeled each photo with four names.Then，they asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct. The volunteers were able to guess the right name 38 percent of the time.It seems that certain characteristics of faces give them clues about someone’s name，Reader’s Digest reported. However，this only worked when the volunteers looked at names from their own culture.In addition，the volunteers were not as good at guessing the real names of people who used nicknames more often than their real names.This may show that a person’s appearance is affected by their name only if they use it often. This kind of face-name matching happens “because of a process of self-fulfilling prophecy(自我实现预言)，as we become what other people expect us to become”．Ruth Mayo from the university told science news website EurekAlert. Earlier studies have shown that gender and race stereotypes(刻板印象) can affect a person’s appearance.The researchers believe there are also similar stereotypes about names.For example，people tend to think that men named Bob should have rounder faces because the word itself looks round.People may think that women named Rose are beautiful.They expect them to be “delicate” and “feminine(女性的)”，just like the flower they are named for. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。人们倾向于把人的名字和外表联系起来，甚至可以根据长相来猜测一个人的名字。 1．What was the purpose of the study? A．To find out today’s most popular English names. B．To learn how names influence personality. C．To find out whether people’s names relate to their looks. D．To show how men’s names are different from women’s. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段“According to a study published...someone’s name based on how they look.”可知，这项研究的目的是查明人们的名字是否与长相有关。故选C。 2．What does the underlined word “clues” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Lights. B．Attentions. C．Methods. D．Hints. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句并结合画线词所在句子可知，志愿者猜出正确的名字的概率是38%，是因为面部的某些特征似乎为他们提供了关于名字的线索，所以clues意为“线索”，与hints意思相近。故选D。 3．According to Ruth Mayo，why do some people look like their names? A．They tend to become what others expect them to become. B．They want to please everyone around them. C．They don’t want to be different from others. D．They like to copy famous people who share the same name. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。文章第六段提到长相和姓名的关联度是因为self-fulfilling prophecy(自我实现预言)，即人们会变成别人希望他们变成的样子。故选A。 4．What point does the last paragraph want to explain? A．Earlier studies about stereotypes are limited. B．Stereotypes about names can bring good results. C．Stereotypes about names can affect people’s looks. D．It’s not always bad to be influenced by the expectations of others. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知，对名字的刻板印象会影响人们的长相。故选C。 Ⅴ.完形填空 Society has certain standards for beauty.But the Romanian camerawoman Mihaela Noroc is 1 these standards.She spent nearly four years shooting 2 of women around the world. She believes that beauty can 3 many forms.“Beauty just means being 4 ，” Noroc told NPR，“I don’t think we have to 5 ourselves to be in certain way; we just have to keep ourselves as we are and don’t necessarily need to change.” 6 by a trip to Africa in 2013，Noroc has traveled to more than 50 countries since then. In 2017，she published a book to show how many different kinds of 7 there are in the world.From a 8 Russian dancer to a joyful cafe owner in New York，Noroc’s subjects 9 her in deep conversation.Noroc found out what 10 them，what their daily struggles and joys are，and what brings beauty into their own lives.“Wherever I go，it is the 11 that carry all the cultures and traditions of a place.I really try to focus on women’s stories，how they face challenges and 12 them，” Noroc told CNN. In Iran，Noroc met Farnoush，a woman living in two worlds.“In one she is an economist，by 13 .In the other，she is an artist，because this is her 14 .” In Noroc’s world，the beauty of women 15 how natural and comfortable they appear while just being themselves. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了罗马尼亚摄影师Mihaela Noroc。她关注世界各地女性的生存状态，倡导女性成为自我，并致力于阐释女性美的多元性。 1．A.setting B．stressing C．challenging D．considering 答案　C 解析　根据上文“Society has certain standards for beauty.”和下文“She believes that beauty can many forms.”可知，Mihaela Noroc正在挑战美的标准。故选C。 2．A.pictures B．needs C．targets D．outlines 答案　A 解析　根据上文“the Romanian camerawoman Mihaela Noroc”可知，Mihaela Noroc是一名摄影师，所以是拍摄了很多女性照片。故选A。 3．A.carry on B．take on C．live on D．work on 答案　B 解析　根据下文“In 2017，she published a book to show how many different kinds of there are in the world.”可知，Mihaela Noroc相信美具有很多呈现形式。故选B。 4．A.itself B．himself C．herself D．yourself 答案　D 解析　根据下文“I don’t think we have to ourselves to be in certain way”可知，Noroc认为我们就应该做自己，这样就是美的。故选D。 5．A.adapt B．clarify C．change D．acknowledge 答案　C 解析　根据下文“we just have to keep ourselves as we are and don’t necessarily need to change”可知，Noroc认为我们不必改变自己。故选C。 6．A.Inspired B．Funded C．Persuaded D．Appointed 答案　A 解析　根据下文“Noroc has traveled to more than 50 countries since then”可知，Noroc在去非洲时受到了启发，之后又去了50多个国家。故选A。 7．A.beauty B．courage C．pride D．joy 答案　A 解析　根据上文“She believes that beauty can many forms.”可知，Noroc在书中展示了世界上不同的美。故选A。 8．A.dying B．confusing C．disappointing D．struggling 答案　D 解析　根据下文“what their daily struggles and joys are”可知，Noroc拍摄了一个正在奋斗的俄罗斯舞者。故选D。 9．A.devoted B．limited C．engaged D．supported 答案　C 解析　engage sb in conversation 意为“和某人谈话”。根据下文“Noroc found out what them，what their daily struggles and joys are，and what brings beauty into their own lives.”可知，Noroc和拍摄对象进行了深入的谈话。故选C。 10．A.prevents B．moves C．separates D．keeps 答案　B 解析　根据“what their daily struggles and joys are，and what brings beauty into their own lives”可知，Noroc通过拍摄和交谈发现了是什么促使着她们。故选B。 11．A.men B．women C．supermen D．camerawomen 答案　B 解析　根据下文“I really try to focus on women’s stories，how they face challenges and them”可知，Noroc聚焦女性故事，因为女性承载着一个地方的文化和传统。故选B。 12．A.resist B．control C．overcome D．ignore 答案　C 解析　根据“how they face challenges”可知，遇到挑战就要克服它们。故选C。 13．A.major B．reference C．education D．profession 答案　D 解析　根据“In one she is an economist”可知，这里是在介绍Farnoush的职业。故选D。 14．A.passion B．ambition C．distraction D．mission 答案　A 解析　根据“In one she is an economist，by .In the other，she is an artist”可知，职业是生活需要，艺术就是自己热爱的东西，这是Farnoush的激情所在。故选A。 15．A.brings about B．shows off C．puts forward D．lies in 答案　D 解析　根据上文“She believes that beauty can many forms.”可知，Noroc认为美有多种存在形式，所以说在做自己的同时表现得自然舒适就是美的一种存在形式。故选D。 Ⅵ.语法填空 Wang Yuheng is on a mission to protect the Antarctic.In February，after 1. (join) Greenpeace on the Antarctic ship tour，where he came face-to-face with wildlife in the region，he returned to China with the message 2. the area must be protected. Wang is one of thousands of people in China，including Olympic athletes and movie stars，who have promised support 3. the creation of an Antarctic protection zone.“Two things I experienced in the Antarctic Ocean have left a deep 4. (impress) on me，” Wang said.“The first was how seasick I 5. (feel) as giant waves crashed into our ship heavily.But as I lay on my back，I thought about how the penguins can swim at 36 kilometers per hour in those icy waters，and I couldn’t help but 6. (strike) by what a powerful animal the penguin is.” In China，Wang became famous on the reality show “The Brain” when he amazed audiences with his ability 7. (recognize) one in hundreds of seemingly identical objects.Now，Wang is focusing his brainpower on a task with 8. (globe) importance—the creation of the largest protected area on Earth. “The Antarctic is 9. only region in the world that has never been home to human civilization.It’s like the white space in an ink painting.We have a responsibility not to cause any 10. (far) damage，” Wang said. 语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了主人公王昱珩在执行保护南极的任务时做出的努力。南极巨大的海浪冲击和企鹅的顽强给他留下了深刻的印象，而目前他也在致力于创建地球上最大的保护区，从而使这片区域不再遭受进一步的破坏。 1．答案　joining 解析　考查动名词。after为介词，意为“在……以后”，后面应用动名词形式作宾语。故填joining。 2．答案　that 解析　考查同位语从句的引导词。分析句子可知，“ the area must be protected”为the message的同位语从句，从句不缺少句子成分，用that引导从句对名词进行解释说明。故填that。 3．答案　for 解析　考查介词和固定短语。support for...是固定短语，意为“对……的支持”。故填for。 4．答案　impression 解析　考查名词和固定短语。分析句子可知，空前有不定冠词，“deep”为形容词，所填空应是名词。leave a deep impression on sb意为“给某人留下深刻的印象”。故填impression。 5．答案　felt 解析　考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，所填动词为表语从句的谓语动词，结合主句动词was可知，应用一般过去时。故填felt。 6．答案　be struck/be stricken 解析　考查被动语态和固定短语。分析句子可知，can’t help but do sth为固定短语，意为“不禁做某事”，且动词strike与逻辑主语I之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。be struck/stricken by sth意为“被某人(或某物)打动；迷恋某人(或某物)”。故填be struck/be stricken。 7．答案　to recognize 解析　考查动词不定式。the/one’s ability to do sth意为“做某事的能力”，其中动词不定式作后置定语。故填to recognize。 8．答案　global 解析　考查形容词。空处修饰名词importance应用形容词形式。故填global。 9．答案　the 解析　考查定冠词。当名词被only修饰时，表达独一无二的含义，前面需用定冠词表特指。故填the。 10．答案　further 解析　考查形容词的比较级。分析语境可知，空处有比较含义，意为“更进一步的伤害”，far的比较级为“farther(表示距离更远)”和“further(表示程度和分量更进一步)”，further符合句意表达。故填further。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$