精品解析：福建省福州市第十九中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期英语开学考试题

福州第十九中学2023-2024学年第二学期3月份校本练习 八年级英语试题 日期：2024.3 命题人：林姿 审核人：张巧玲 Ⅰ. 听力（共三节，20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 第一节：听句子。听下面五个句子，从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图选出与句子内容相符的选项。（每个句子读两遍） 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 第二节 听对话。听下面七段对话，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。（每段对话读两遍） 6. When did the big fire happen? A. Last night. B. Last week. C. Last month. 7. What animals are on the stamps? A. Monkeys. B. Tigers. C. Pandas. 8. What’s the matter with the man? A. He has a backache. B. He has a headache. C. He has a toothache. 9. What sport is Tony going to take part in? A. The 800-meter race. B. The 400-meter race. C. The 200-meter race. 听对话，回答小题。 10. Who likes to live in the countryside? A. Jim. B. Tom. C. Mary. 11. What does Jim think of the city life? A. It’s more beautiful. B. It is more exciting. C. The air is fresher there. 听对话，回答小题。 12. What does the boy usually do in his free time? A. He goes running. B. He goes swimming. C. He goes walking. 13. How long does the girl take-a-walk every day? A. Half an hour. B. One hour. C. One and a half hours. 听对话，回答小题。 14. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 15. Which sport does Mr. Green like best? A. Running. B. Cycling. C. Boating. 第三节 听短文。 根据你所听到的短文内容，完成下面表格，每空填一词。（短文读三遍） Langlang-a Born Musician At the age of two Once, he watched Tom playing the piano on TV. From then on, he liked playing with his father’s ________ piano. At the age of ________ He learnt the piano from Zhu Yafen, a famous music teacher. At the age of five He took part in a ________ and won first place. After that, he gave the first ________ during his life. On January 19th, 2011 Mr. Obama invited (邀请) him to play at the White House. Now Lots of people ________ his beautiful music. He is really a born musician! Ⅱ. 选择填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Do you play ________ tennis after school? —Yes, I play for half ________ hour every day. A. the, a B. /, an C. /, a 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你放学后打网球吗？——是的，我每天打半个小时。 考查冠词。the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。球类运动前通常不加冠词，所以第一个空用零冠词；hour是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词应用an，half an hour“半小时”。故选B。 2. —Do you know the ________ why Chinese people like red? —Because red is a symbol of good luck in China. A. result B. reason C. record 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你知道中国人为什么喜欢红色的理由吗？——因为在中国，红色是好运的象征。 考查名词辨析。result结果；reason理由；record记录。根据“why Chinese people like red”可知是为什么喜欢红色的理由。故选B。 3. We still have ________ thirty kilometers to go before we get to the village. A. other B. another C. the other 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我们还得走三十公里才能到那个村子。 考查不定代词。other其他的，后面加可数名词复数；another又，再；the other另一个（两者中的另一个）。根据所给空后面的“thirty kilometers”及语境可知，此处是another+数词+名词的用法，表示“再，又……”，指再30公里才能到，故选B。 4. —Please keep your eyes ________ first. I want to give you a surprise. —All right. A. closed B. close C. closing 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——请先闭上眼睛。我想给你一个惊喜。——好的。 考查形容词作宾语补足语。closed关闭的，形容词；close关闭，动词；closing现在分词。根据“Please keep your eyes”可知，此处是闭上眼睛，keep sth+形容词“使某物处于某种状态”，用形容词作宾语补足语。故选A。 5. —I can’t stop playing computer games. —For your health I’m afraid you ________. A. can B. must C. have to 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我无法停止玩电脑游戏。——为了你的健康，恐怕你不得不。 考查情态动词。can能够；must必须；have to不得不。根据“For your health,”可知，是指为了你的健康，不得不停止玩电脑游戏，强调客观上，用have to。故选C。 6. —My brother is preparing ________ the long jump. —He practices so hard. I’m sure he’ll do well ________ it. A. for, at B. for, in C. to, in 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我哥哥正在为跳远做准备。——他训练很刻苦。我相信他会做得很好。 考查介词辨析。for为了；at在；in在……方面；to到。prepare for…“为……做准备”，do well in…“在……方面做得好”，是固定词组。故选B。 7. —Who taught ________ Japanese? —Nobody. She learned all by ________. A. herself, herself B. her, herself C. she, herself 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——谁教她日语？——没有人。她自学的。 考查代词的用法。herself她自己，反身代词；her她，宾格；she她，主格。结合“taught ”是动词，后用代词的宾格，而by oneself“靠某人自己”是固定搭配。故选B。 8. —Do you like the coffee today? —Sure. But I think it will taste ________ if you put some milk into it. A. more delicious B. most delicious C. very delicious 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你喜欢今天的咖啡吗？——当然。但我认为如果你往里面放些牛奶，味道会更好。 考查形容词比较级。根据“if you put some milk into it”可知，此处是将“不放牛奶”与“放牛奶”的情况相比较，应用比较级形式。故选A。 9. I think ________ is a good way to keep fit. A. going cycling B. go cycling C. goes cycling 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我认为骑自行车是一种很好的保持健康的方式。 考查动名词作主语。going cycling骑自行车，动名词；go cycling骑自行车，动词原形；goes cycling骑自行车，动词三单。分析句子结构可知，空格处应为主语，动名词可作主语，故选A。 10. Don’t be afraid to meet changes as ________ will stay the same forever (永远). A. nothing B. something C. everything 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：不要害怕遇到变化，因为没有什么是永恒不变的。 考查代词辨析。nothing没有什么，一无所有；something某物，某事；everything每件事，所有事物。根据“Don’t be afraid to meet changes as...will stay the same forever”可知，不要害怕遇到变化，因为没有什么是永恒不变的。故选A。 11. —Let’s go to visit Mrs. Green now. —Good idea. I’ll call her to see ________ she is at home or not. A. if B. when C. whether 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我们现在就去拜访格林太太吧。——好主意。我给她打电话，看她是否在家。 考查连词辨析。if是否；when当……时；whether是否。根据“or not”可知，此处用whether引导宾语从句。故选C。 12. —What did the teacher say just now? —Sorry, I didn’t catch it. I ________ about something else. A. am thinking B. was thinking C. thought 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——老师刚才说什么了？——对不起，我没听清楚。我在想别的事。 考查动词时态。根据“just now”可知，此处为过去时态，故排除A项。根据“Sorry. I didn’t catch it.”可知，刚才正在想其他事情，所以用过去进行时态was/were doing。故选B。 13. —________ fast China is developing! —Yes, we are ________ lucky to live in such a great country. A. What, too B. What a, quite C. How, so 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——中国发展得真快！——是的，我们很幸运能生活在一个如此伟大的国家。 考查感叹句。根据“... fast China is developing!”可知，句子是感叹句，中心词是副词fast，感叹句型用“How+副词+主谓！”，排除A、B选项；空二处用副词so修饰形容词lucky，表示“很幸运”。故选C。 14 —How are you feeling today? —________. But I still cough every now and then. A. Not too well B. Not too bad C. Terrible 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你今天感觉怎样？——还不错。但我还是时不时地咳嗽。 考查情景交际。Not too well不太好；Not too bad还不错；Terrible糟透了。根据“But I still cough every now and then.”可知我的情况还不错，只是偶尔咳嗽。故选B。 15. Which of the following story tells us that anything is possible if we go on trying and never give up? A. B. C. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：下面哪个故事告诉我们，如果我们继续努力，永不放弃，一切皆有可能？ 考查理解图片寓意。A选项“愚公移山”；B选项“嫦娥奔月”，C选项“司马光砸缸”。A选项“愚公移山”符合语境。故选A。 Ⅲ. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Happiness is something strange (陌生的) we’re looking for, but how many of us really ____16____ it? Now, let me tell you how to be happy. Enjoy the simple (简单的) things in life. Too often, we ____17____ too much time thinking about the future. For example, getting to a ____18____ university (大学) or getting a good job. However, we forget to enjoy the present. We should enjoy the simple ____19____ in life, such as reading a ____20____ book, listening to our favorite music, or having a talk with good friends. If you want to be happy, do something good for someone. Studies show that many people feel good ____21____ they help others. So you can ____22____ a friend with his or her study. You can also give old books or clothes to ____23____ in poor areas. If you’re feeling down, there is a simple ____24____ to make you happy: Smile! If you ____25____ yourself to smile, you will start to feel happy. 16. A. chose B. showed C. found 17. A. spend B. use C. keep 18. A. expensive B. famous C. perfect 19. A. information B. pleasure C. knowledge 20. A. thick B. terrible C. good 21. A. when B. before C. until 22. A. make B. help C. visit 23. A. workers B. teachers C. students 24. A. way B. subject C. culture 25. A. agree B. correct C. force 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要探讨了如何获得幸福。 【16题详解】 句意：幸福是我们正在寻找的陌生事物，但我们中有多少人真的找到了它呢？ chose选择；showed展示；found找到。根据“we’re looking for”可知，此处应问有多少人真正找到了幸福。故选C。 【17题详解】 句意：我们常常花费太多时间思考未来。 spend花费；use使用；keep保持。根据“too much time thinking about the future”可知，此处指花费时间思考未来，spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，固定搭配。故选A。 【18题详解】 句意：例如，进入一所著名的大学或找到一份好工作。 expensive昂贵的；famous著名的；perfect完美的。根据“university”和“getting a good job”可知，通常人们会期望进入有名的大学，找到好工作。故选B。 【19题详解】 句意：我们应该享受生活中简单的快乐。 information信息；pleasure快乐；knowledge知识。根据“we forget to enjoy the present”和“listening to our favorite music”可知，此处指享受当下，享受生活中的简单快乐。故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：比如读一本好书。 thick厚的；terrible糟糕的；good好的。根据“enjoy the simple ... in life”和“book”可知，读书是享受生活中简单快乐的一种方式，应该是读好书。故选C。 【21题详解】 句意：研究表明，很多人在帮助别人时感觉良好。 when当……时候；before在……之前；until直到。根据“many people feel good”和“they help others”可知，此处应该是指当帮助别人的时候感觉良好。故选A。 【22题详解】 句意：所以你可以帮助朋友学习。 make制作；help帮助；visit拜访。根据“do something good for someone”和“with his or her study”可知，此处指帮助朋友学习。故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：你也可以把旧书或衣服送给贫困地区的学生。 workers工人；teachers老师；students学生。根据“old books or clothes”和常识可知，捐赠旧书旧衣通常是给贫困地区的学生。故选C。 【24题详解】 句意：如果你情绪低落，有一个让你快乐的简单方法：微笑！ way方法；subject科目；culture文化。根据“to make you happy: Smile!”可知，此处应该是指微笑是让自己快乐的一种方法。故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：如果你强迫自己微笑，你会开始感到快乐。 agree同意；correct改正；force强迫。根据“to make you happy: Smile!”可知，此处指情绪低落时可尽力微笑，从而变得快乐。故选C。 Ⅳ. 阅读理解（共两节，25小题；满分45分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） A Some books have a list of words called glossary at the back. A glossary tells you what words mean, like a little dictionary. The words in a glossary are in alphabetical (按字母顺序的) order. Read this glossary from a book about plants. flower a part of a plant where new seeds grow leaf a part of a plant that grows on the stem light something plants need to grow root the part of a plant in the soil seed can grow into a new plant seedling a young plant soil the earth that plants grow in stem the main part of a plant water something plants need to grow 26. What does the underlined word “glossary” mean in Chinese? A. 数据库 B. 字典 C. 词汇表 D. 附录 27. A young plant is called a ________. A. seed B. seedling C. flower D. leaf 28. What part of a plant is in the soil? A. Flower B. Stem C. Root D. Seed 29. Which of the following is a seed? A. B. C. D. 30. Which of the following is most probably (可能) in alphabetical order? A. A telephone book. B. A storybook. C. A shopping list. D. A record. 【答案】26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了一个关于植物的词汇表。 【26题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“Some books have a list of words called a glossary at the back”，可知，glossary就是一个单词列表，被叫作词汇表，故选C。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“seedling: a young plant”可知，幼小的植物被称为秧苗（seedling），故选B。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“root: the part of a plant in the soil”可知，植物的根在土壤里，故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“seed: can grow into a new plant”可知，seed是植物种子，A项是种子，B项是幼苗，C项是一朵花，D项是树干。故选A。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。 根据常识可知，电话簿通常是按字母顺序排列的，而其他选项通常不是。故选A。 B Changes Over Time —by George Samos Changes, Changes, Little by little, day by day, Things grow and change in every way. Trees get taller and touch the sky, New birds hatched (孵出) learn to fly. A puppy born in spring is small, But he’ll be bigger when it is ________ I’m also growing, bit by bit, Just see, my clothes no longer fit. 31. George Samos is mainly telling us the changes of ________. A. days B. seasons C. everyday life D. living things 32. What happens to new birds? A. They are getting taller. B. They can touch the sky. C. They are becoming braver. D. They were born in spring 33. Which word can be in the blank ________? A. warm B. fall C. late D. sunny 34. What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A. Things grow and change a little. B. It’s hard to see changes over time. C. George’s clothes are too old for him. D. George is changing to be taller or stronger. 35. The text is written in a/ an ________ tone (语气). A active B. sad C. tired D. funny 【答案】31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了乔治·萨莫斯的诗歌《随时间变化》。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。文章中提到“Things grow and change in every way.”，接着描述了树木的生长、新鸟学会飞以及小狗的成长，可以推测出主要讲的是“活物”的变化。故选D。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据“New birds hatched (孵出) learn to fly.”可知，新生的鸟儿变得越来越勇敢因为要学会飞翔。故选C。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。从前文提到的“a puppy born in spring is small”可以推测，小狗的成长和季节变化有关，而“fall”是春天之后的季节，符合语境。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中的“Just see, my clothes no longer fit.”可知，George的衣服已经不适合他了，推测是因为他长高了或者长壮了。故选D。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。文章使用了生动和有趣的语言，描述事物成长的变化，并没有显得沉重或严肃，因此可以推测其语气是“活泼的”。故选A。 C American parents want to help their children stand on their own two feet. When a baby is born, he or she may get his or her own room. As children grow up, they are free to make their own choices (选择). Teenagers (青少年) choose how to make friends and solve problems. When they grow up, they choose their own jobs and marriage partners. Of course, many teenagers still agree with their parents. But when they are about 18 to 21 years old, they want to be their own. In America, the relationship (关系) between parents and children is very easy. They are more like friends. American parents let their children have their own ideas. They encourage (鼓励) their children to make their dreams come true. Now, more and more children go to kindergarten (幼儿园), so moms can work. Some think that children can get better care in a kindergarten. Others say that mothers are the best caregivers for children. A number of women are now leaving their work to become full-time mothers. Although it is difficult to be a parent, American parents try their best to help their children become independent (独立的). 36. The underlined expression “stand on their own two feet” means “________”. A. to be strong and independent B. stand alone by themselves C. live a lonely life by themselves D. stand on the floor with their own feet 37. What do American parents do to their children? A. They often let their children decide by themselves. B. They leave their work to look after children at home. C. They give their own room to their children when they are born. D. They send their children to a kindergarten and leave them there. 38. Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A. Many teenagers also agree with their parents. B American parents are like friends of their children. C. American children often solve problems by themselves. D. American children often do what their parents ask them to do. 39. What is the main idea of the passage? A. American children are always independent. B. American parents love their children more than their children do. C. American parents try to help their children to become themselves. D. American children want to do things without their parents’ help. 40. In which section of a newspaper can you probably read the passage? A. Health B. Travel C. Education (教育) D. Sports 【答案】36. A 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了美国父母如何教育孩子，帮助他们独立并做出自己的选择。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“When a baby is born, he or she may get his or her own room. As children grow up, they are free to make their own choices (选择).”及文章内容可知，孩子们能够做出自己的决定和选择，所以“stand on their own two feet”指的是“独立自主”，故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据“American parents want to help their children stand on their own two feet”以及“they are free to make their own choices”可知，美国父母通常让孩子自己做决定。故选A。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“They are more like friends. American parents let their children have their own ideas. They encourage (鼓励) their children to make their dreams come true.”可知D选项的说法是错误的，故选D。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要讨论了美国父母如何帮助孩子变得独立，做出自己的选择。故选C。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。文章讨论的是教育和父母如何培养孩子独立的主题，适合出现在教育版块。故选C。 D Nowadays, everyone knows about the serious threat (威胁) that climate change causes to the earth. But the threat doesn’t draw our attention as we go about our everyday lives. The fact is that climate change is affecting (影响) some of our favorite foods and drinks. Lots of people start their day with a cup of coffee. But as temperatures keep going up, they may have to give up the habit. In many coffee-growing areas, warmer weather has caused illness to coffee plants and made some places too hot for the plants to grow in. Chocolate is also at risk. If the climate keeps warming up like this, cocoa plants could end up dying out by the year 2050. Seafood is also an important food for the world. Sadly, with warming oceans and higher levels of CO₂, fish are becoming fewer in number. Every year, the harvest of fish drops by over 1000 million kilograms. Climate change also affects crops, such as wheat (小麦), corn (玉米) and rice. They are all being threatened by changing temperatures and drought. Farmers and scientists have been working together to prevent these foods and drinks from disappearing. They have had a lot of success, but it still can’t stop the harm that has been done. If we don’t stop climate change, we may have to find replacements for these foods and drinks in the future. 41. The writer develops (发展) the text by________. A. telling stories B. listing numbers C. asking questions D. giving examples 42. What may the underlined word “replacements” mean? A. 替代品 B. 实验品 C. 营养素 D. 增产素 43. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. If the climate keeps warming up, coffee plants could die out by 2050. B. Every year, the harvest of crops drops by over 1000 million kilograms. C. We may have to change our eating habits if we don’t stop climate change. D. Farmers and scientists have stopped the harm that climate change has caused. 44. What is the structure (结构) of the text? A. B. C. D. 45. What may the next part of the text be about? A. What food to eat less. B. Where to plant more crops. C. Whether to find replacements. D. How to stop climate change. 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在气候变化的情况下，我们最喜欢的食物和饮料将会受影响。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Lots of people start their day with a cup of coffee.”、“Chocolate is also at risk.”、“Seafood is also an important food for the world.”和“Climate change also affects crops, such as wheat(小麦), corn(玉米) and rice.”可知，文章的第二段到第五段，主要举了不同的例子。故选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据上文和“If we don’t stop climate change, we may have to find replacements for these foods and drinks in the future.”可知，上文介绍了一些食物和饮料在气候变化的情况下，将会受影响，影响它的产量情况，因此此处指的是食物和饮料的替代品。故选A。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据“If we don’t stop climate change, we may have to find replacements for these foods and drinks in the future.”可知，如果我们不能停止气候变化，那么我们将不得不找食物和饮料的替代品，也就是说我们可能不得不改变饮食习惯。故选C。 【44题详解】 篇章结构题。根据本文内容可知，第一段是总起段；第二段和第三段介绍了两种饮料的情况；第四段和第五段介绍了海鲜和农作物；第六段总结全文。故选D。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了在气候变化的情况下，我们最喜欢的食物和饮料将会受影响，文章最后一段通过反面论证的方法告诉我们停止气候变化的必要性，因此下文应当是讨论如何做。故选D。 E 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 At night, you fall asleep while listening to beautiful music. ____46____ You can enjoy all of these feelings because of the ears. The ear has three different parts: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. The outer ear is the part you can see. ____47____ The sound then travels down to the middle ear, the inner ear and then to your brain (大脑). ____48____ Your ears keep on hearing sounds, but your brain just ignores (忽视) them. Sometimes you wake up suddenly in the middle of the night. That’s because your brain hears something. But ears do more than hear. ____49____ In the inner ear, there are liquid (液体) and small hairs. When you move your head, the liquid and hairs move, too. They send messages to your brain about the position (位置) of your head. More surprisingly, ears even help with tasting food. ____50____ But there are nerves (神经) running through the middle ear that connect the tongue (舌头) to the brain. Now you see how important your ears are. Make sure to protect your ears as well as you can. A. It collects sound around you. B. They help you keep your balance (平衡), too. C. Of course you don’t really taste food with your ears D. Your ears never stop working, even when you are sleeping. E. In the morning, you are woken up by the singing of birds outside. 【答案】46. E 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了耳朵是如何工作的以及耳朵的作用。 【46题详解】 根据上文“At night, you fall asleep while listening to beautiful music. ”可知，该处是指白天时耳朵的作用。E选项“清晨，你被外面鸟儿的歌声吵醒”符合语境。故选E。 【47题详解】 根据上文“The outer ear is the part you can see.”可知，该处是介绍外耳的功能。A选项“它收集你周围的声音”符合语境。故选A。 【48题详解】 根据下文“Your ears keep on hearing sounds, but your brain just ignores (忽视) them. Sometimes you wake up suddenly in the middle of the night.”可知，该处指出你的耳朵一直在工作。D选项“你的耳朵从未停止工作，即使在你睡觉的时候”符合语境。故选D。 【49题详解】 根据上文“But ears do more than hear.”可知，该处是介绍耳朵不仅仅能让人们听到声音，还有其它的功能。B选项“它们也能帮助你保持平衡”符合语境。故选B。 【50题详解】 根据上文“More surprisingly, ears even help with tasting food.”可知，该处是介绍耳朵可以帮助品尝食物。C选项“当然，你不是真的用耳朵品尝食物”符合语境。故选C。 Ⅴ. 情景交际（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据情景提示，完成下列各题。 51. 你的宠物狗Bobby看起来很兴奋，你可以这样告诉妈妈： Mom, ________________. 【答案】Bobby looks very excited 【解析】 【详解】Bobby，宠物狗名；look“看起来”，句子时态为一般现在时，此处用三单形式；very“非常；很”；excited“兴奋的”。故填Bobby looks very excited。 52. 你的好朋友Fenny牙疼，你建议她每天刷两次牙，可以这样说： You had better ________. 【答案】brush your teeth twice a day 【解析】 【详解】根据情景可知，此处应表达为“你最好一天刷两次牙”。brush one’s teeth“刷牙”，had better后接动词原形，one’s要与主语You对应，用your；twice a day“一天两次”。故填brush your teeth twice a day。 53. 你想约朋友今天下午五点半见面，可以这样说： ________ this afternoon. 【答案】Let’s make it half past five 【解析】 【详解】根据情景可知，想约朋友今天下午五点半见面，要说“咱们定在今天下午五点半吧”，用“let’s make it+时间”来表示，“五点半”half past five。故填Let’s make it half past five。 54. 你想问对方是否介意把铅笔借给你，可以这样说： Would you mind ________________? 【答案】lending me your pencil 【解析】 【详解】lend sb. sth.“借给某人某物”，Would you mind doing sth.“你介意做某事吗”，是固定句式；me“我”；your pencil“你的铅笔”。故填lending me your pencil。 55. 地震发生了，你想提醒家人远离建筑物，可以这样说： ________________________________ 【答案】Keep away from buildings. 【解析】 【详解】keep away from“远离”，此句表示提醒，应用祈使句，以动词原形开头，句首首字母大写；building“建筑物”，应用复数形式，表示概数概念。故填Keep away from buildings. Ⅵ. 看图写话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。 56. next Sunday _____________________________________________________________ 57. yesterday _____________________________________________________________ 58. heavy, than _____________________________________________________________ 59. like, shop _____________________________________________________________ 60. wet, because of _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. I will go roller skating next Sunday. 57. He had a stomachache yesterday. 58. The elephant is heavier than the rabbit. 59. She likes shopping online. 60 She is wet because of the rain. 【解析】 【56题详解】 根据所给单词和图片可知，此句可以表达为“我下周日将去滑旱冰”，时态为一般将来时。I“我”；next Sunday“下周日”；will“将”，情态动词后跟动词原形；go roller skating“去滑旱冰”。故填I will go roller skating next Sunday. 【57题详解】 根据所给单词和图片可知，此句可以表达为“他昨天肚子疼”，时态为一般过去时。he“他”；have a stomachache“肚子疼”，此处要用过去式had；yesterday“昨天”。故填He had a stomachache yesterday. 【58题详解】 根据所给单词和图片可知，此句可以表达为“大象比兔子重”，用比较级结构。the elephant“大象”；heavy“重的”，此处要用形容词比较级heavier；than“比”；the rabbit“兔子”。故填The elephant is heavier than the rabbit. 【59题详解】 根据所给单词和图片可知，此句可以表达为“她喜欢网上购物”，时态为一般现在时。she“她”；like“喜欢”；shop“购物”；online“在网上”；主语为第三人称单数，动词要用三单形式likes，like后用shop的动名词形式shopping。故填She likes shopping online. 【60题详解】 根据所给单词和图片可知，此句可以表达为“她因为雨而湿了”，时态为一般现在时。she“她”；wet“湿的”，形容词作表语；because of“因为”，后接名词；rain“雨”；主语she为第三人称单数，系动词用is。故填She is wet because of the rain. Ⅶ. 短文填词（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 A group of frogs were traveling through a ____61____ /wʊd/ when two of them fell into a deep pit (深坑). All the other frogs came around the pit. When they saw ____62____ deep the pit was, they told the two frogs that they were dying. The two frogs wouldn’t listen to their words and ____63____ (try) to jump up out of the pit. The other frogs kept ____64____ (say) that they were sure to ____65____ /daɪ/. Finally, one of the two frogs listened to what the other frogs said and gave up. He fell down and died. The other one, however, continued (继续) to jump as hard ____66____ he could. Once again, the other frogs shouted at him to give up. But he jumped even ____67____ (hard) and in the end he made it out. When he got out, the other frogs asked, “Didn’t you hear ____68____ (we)?” The frog, who had a poor hearing, said, “I thought you were encouraging (鼓励) me all the time.” An encouraging ____69____ can help some people out while a discouraging word can ____70____ /kɪl/ them. 【答案】61. wood 62. how 63. tried 64. saying 65. die 66. as 67. harder 68. us 69. word 70. kill 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述两只青蛙掉进了深坑里，同伴们都认为他们上不来了，于是就劝他俩放弃，其中一只放弃了，死掉了，而另一只青蛙听觉不好，他以为同伴们是在鼓励他，于是鼓足勇气，最后一跃跳了出来。 【61题详解】 句意：一群青蛙在穿过一片树林时，其中两只掉进了一个深坑。根据音标提示可知，此处为名词wood“树林”。故填wood。 【62题详解】 句意：当它们看到坑有多深时，它们告诉两只青蛙它们快死了。根据“When they saw…deep the pit was, they told the two frogs that they were dying.”的语境可知，此处指其他青蛙看到坑有多深时，对两只青蛙说的话，how“多么”符合。故填how。 【63题详解】 句意：两只青蛙不听它们的话，试图跳出坑。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语部分，句子时态为一般过去时，应填tried。故填tried。 【64题详解】 句意：其他青蛙不停地说它们肯定会死。keep doing sth.“继续做某事”，是固定词组。故填saying。 【65题详解】 句意：其他青蛙不停地说它们肯定会死。根据音标提示可知，此处为动词原形die“死”。故填die。 【66题详解】 句意：然而，另一只继续拼命地跳。根据“The other one, however, continued (继续) to jump as hard…he could.”的语境可知，这只青蛙并没有放弃，而是继续拼命地跳，as hard as sb. can“尽某人所能”。故填as。 【67题详解】 句意：但他跳得更努力了，最后他跳了出来。根据空前的比较级修饰语“even”可知，此处用比较级形式。故填harder。 【68题详解】 句意：你没听见吗？分析句子结构可知，此处用人称代词宾格形式，作宾语，us“我们”符合。故填us。 【69题详解】 句意：一句鼓励的话可以帮助一些人，而一句令人沮丧的话可以杀死他们。根据“while a discouraging word…”可知，此处句意发生了转折，指一句鼓励的话可以帮助一些人，word“言语”，根据“An”可知，此处用单数形式。故填word。 【70题详解】 句意：一句鼓励的话可以帮助一些人，而一句令人沮丧的话可以杀死他们。根据音标可知，此处用动词原形kill“杀死”。故填kill。 Ⅷ. 书面表达（满分15分） 71. 少年强则国强，青年兴则国兴。作为一名中学生，我们如何才能不负时代、不负韶华？你校英语报开展了以“How can we live a meaningful life? ”为题的征文活动。请你根据下列图示，写一篇英语短文进行投稿。 （1）必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥；词数80 左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； （2）意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； （3）请勿在文中使用真实的姓名和校名。 Young students are the future of our country. As students, we should live a meaningful life.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Young students are the future of our country. As students, we should live a meaningful life. But how? Here are some of my suggestions. Firstly, we should build up our bodies by doing some sports, such as running, swimming, playing basketball and so on. In this way, we can keep ourselves strong and healthy. Secondly, developing some hobbies is a good way to make ourselves fully developed. We can learn to play the piano, sing songs, dance, collect stamps, draw pictures and so on. As the saying goes, “You can never learn too much.” Thirdly, we should study hard because knowledge is power. The more books we read, the more powerful we’ll be. Thus, we can help to build our country and enjoy a better life. Fourthly, we should also help others. If everyone gives a little love, the world will become better and better. If we do these things well, we will be able to grow up to be a fully developed person. We can live a meaningful life. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开头已给出，引出本文主题； 第二步，根据提示材料提出合理建议； 第三步，总结概括。 [亮点词汇] ①build up建立 ②in this way用这种方法 ③be able to do sth能做某事 ④grow up成长 [高分句型] ①Secondly, developing some hobbies is a good way to make ourselves fully developed.（动名词作主语） ②Thirdly, we should study hard because knowledge is power.（because引导原因状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 福州第十九中学2023-2024学年第二学期3月份校本练习 八年级英语试题 日期：2024.3 命题人：林姿 审核人：张巧玲 Ⅰ. 听力（共三节，20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 第一节：听句子。听下面五个句子，从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图选出与句子内容相符的选项。（每个句子读两遍） 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3 A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 第二节 听对话。听下面七段对话，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。（每段对话读两遍） 6. When did the big fire happen? A. Last night. B. Last week. C. Last month. 7. What animals are on the stamps? A. Monkeys. B. Tigers. C. Pandas. 8. What’s the matter with the man? A. He has a backache. B. He has a headache. C. He has a toothache. 9. What sport is Tony going to take part in? A. The 800-meter race. B. The 400-meter race. C. The 200-meter race. 听对话，回答小题。 10. Who likes to live in the countryside? A. Jim. B. Tom. C. Mary. 11. What does Jim think of the city life? A. It’s more beautiful. B. It is more exciting. C. The air is fresher there. 听对话，回答小题。 12. What does the boy usually do in his free time? A. He goes running. B. He goes swimming. C. He goes walking. 13. How long does the girl take-a-walk every day? A. Half an hour. B. One hour. C. One and a half hours. 听对话，回答小题。 14. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 15. Which sport does Mr. Green like best? A. Running. B. Cycling. C. Boating. 第三节 听短文。 根据你所听到的短文内容，完成下面表格，每空填一词。（短文读三遍） Langlang-a Born Musician At the age of two Once, he watched Tom playing the piano on TV. From then on, he liked playing with his father’s ________ piano. At the age of ________ He learnt the piano from Zhu Yafen, a famous music teacher. At the age of five He took part in a ________ and won first place. After that, he gave the first ________ during his life. On January 19th, 2011 Mr. Obama invited (邀请) him to play at the White House. Now Lots of people ________ his beautiful music. He is really a born musician! Ⅱ. 选择填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Do you play ________ tennis after school? —Yes, I play for half ________ hour every day. A. the, a B. /, an C. /, a 2. —Do you know the ________ why Chinese people like red? —Because red is a symbol of good luck in China. A. result B. reason C. record 3. We still have ________ thirty kilometers to go before we get to the village. A. other B. another C. the other 4. —Please keep your eyes ________ first. I want to give you a surprise. —All right. A. closed B. close C. closing 5. —I can’t stop playing computer games. —For your health, I’m afraid you ________. A. can B. must C. have to 6. —My brother is preparing ________ the long jump. —He practices so hard. I’m sure he’ll do well ________ it. A. for, at B. for, in C. to, in 7. —Who taught ________ Japanese? —Nobody. She learned all by ________. A. herself, herself B. her, herself C. she, herself 8. —Do you like the coffee today? —Sure. But I think it will taste ________ if you put some milk into it. A. more delicious B. most delicious C. very delicious 9. I think ________ is a good way to keep fit. A. going cycling B. go cycling C. goes cycling 10. Don’t be afraid to meet changes as ________ will stay the same forever (永远). A. nothing B. something C. everything 11. —Let’s go to visit Mrs. Green now. —Good idea. I’ll call her to see ________ she is at home or not. A. if B. when C. whether 12. —What did the teacher say just now? —Sorry, I didn’t catch it. I ________ about something else. A. am thinking B. was thinking C. thought 13. —________ fast China is developing! —Yes, we are ________ lucky to live in such a great country. A. What, too B. What a, quite C. How, so 14 —How are you feeling today? —________. But I still cough every now and then. A. Not too well B. Not too bad C. Terrible 15. Which of the following story tells us that anything is possible if we go on trying and never give up? A. B. C. Ⅲ. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Happiness is something strange (陌生的) we’re looking for, but how many of us really ____16____ it? Now, let me tell you how to be happy. Enjoy the simple (简单的) things in life. Too often, we ____17____ too much time thinking about the future. For example, getting to a ____18____ university (大学) or getting a good job. However, we forget to enjoy the present. We should enjoy the simple ____19____ in life, such as reading a ____20____ book, listening to our favorite music, or having a talk with good friends. If you want to be happy, do something good for someone. Studies show that many people feel good ____21____ they help others. So you can ____22____ a friend with his or her study. You can also give old books or clothes to ____23____ in poor areas. If you’re feeling down, there is a simple ____24____ to make you happy: Smile! If you ____25____ yourself to smile, you will start to feel happy. 16. A. chose B. showed C. found 17. A. spend B. use C. keep 18. A. expensive B. famous C. perfect 19. A. information B. pleasure C. knowledge 20. A. thick B. terrible C. good 21 A. when B. before C. until 22 A. make B. help C. visit 23. A. workers B. teachers C. students 24. A. way B. subject C. culture 25. A. agree B. correct C. force Ⅳ. 阅读理解（共两节，25小题；满分45分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） A Some books have a list of words called glossary at the back. A glossary tells you what words mean, like a little dictionary. The words in a glossary are in alphabetical (按字母顺序的) order. Read this glossary from a book about plants. flower a part of a plant where new seeds grow leaf a part of a plant that grows on the stem light something plants need to grow root the part of a plant in the soil seed can grow into a new plant seedling a young plant soil the earth that plants grow in stem the main part of a plant water something plants need to grow 26. What does the underlined word “glossary” mean in Chinese? A. 数据库 B. 字典 C. 词汇表 D. 附录 27. A young plant is called a ________. A. seed B. seedling C. flower D. leaf 28. What part of a plant is in the soil? A. Flower B. Stem C. Root D. Seed 29. Which of the following is a seed? A. B. C. D. 30. Which of the following is most probably (可能) in alphabetical order? A. A telephone book. B. A storybook. C. A shopping list. D. A record. B Changes Over Time —by George Samos Changes, Changes, Little by little, day by day, Things grow and change in every way. Trees get taller and touch the sky, New birds hatched (孵出) learn to fly. A puppy born in spring is small, But he’ll be bigger when it is ________ I’m also growing, bit by bit, Just see, my clothes no longer fit. 31. George Samos is mainly telling us the changes of ________. A. days B. seasons C. everyday life D. living things 32. What happens to new birds? A. They are getting taller. B. They can touch the sky. C. They are becoming braver. D. They were born in spring 33. Which word can be in the blank ________? A. warm B. fall C. late D. sunny 34. What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A Things grow and change a little. B. It’s hard to see changes over time. C. George’s clothes are too old for him. D. George is changing to be taller or stronger. 35. The text is written in a/ an ________ tone (语气). A. active B. sad C. tired D. funny C American parents want to help their children stand on their own two feet. When a baby is born, he or she may get his or her own room. As children grow up, they are free to make their own choices (选择). Teenagers (青少年) choose how to make friends and solve problems. When they grow up, they choose their own jobs and marriage partners. Of course, many teenagers still agree with their parents. But when they are about 18 to 21 years old, they want to be their own. In America, the relationship (关系) between parents and children is very easy. They are more like friends. American parents let their children have their own ideas. They encourage (鼓励) their children to make their dreams come true. Now, more and more children go to kindergarten (幼儿园), so moms can work. Some think that children can get better care in a kindergarten. Others say that mothers are the best caregivers for children. A number of women are now leaving their work to become full-time mothers. Although it is difficult to be a parent, American parents try their best to help their children become independent (独立的). 36. The underlined expression “stand on their own two feet” means “________”. A. to be strong and independent B. stand alone by themselves C. live a lonely life by themselves D. stand on the floor with their own feet 37. What do American parents do to their children? A. They often let their children decide by themselves. B. They leave their work to look after children at home. C. They give their own room to their children when they are born. D. They send their children to a kindergarten and leave them there. 38. Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A. Many teenagers also agree with their parents. B. American parents are like friends of their children. C. American children often solve problems by themselves. D. American children often do what their parents ask them to do. 39. What is the main idea of the passage? A. American children are always independent. B. American parents love their children more than their children do. C. American parents try to help their children to become themselves. D. American children want to do things without their parents’ help. 40. In which section of a newspaper can you probably read the passage? A. Health B. Travel C. Education (教育) D. Sports D Nowadays, everyone knows about the serious threat (威胁) that climate change causes to the earth. But the threat doesn’t draw our attention as we go about our everyday lives. The fact is that climate change is affecting (影响) some of our favorite foods and drinks. Lots of people start their day with a cup of coffee. But as temperatures keep going up, they may have to give up the habit. In many coffee-growing areas, warmer weather has caused illness to coffee plants and made some places too hot for the plants to grow in. Chocolate is also at risk. If the climate keeps warming up like this, cocoa plants could end up dying out by the year 2050. Seafood is also an important food for the world. Sadly, with warming oceans and higher levels of CO₂, fish are becoming fewer in number. Every year, the harvest of fish drops by over 1000 million kilograms. Climate change also affects crops, such as wheat (小麦), corn (玉米) and rice. They are all being threatened by changing temperatures and drought. Farmers and scientists have been working together to prevent these foods and drinks from disappearing. They have had a lot of success, but it still can’t stop the harm that has been done. If we don’t stop climate change, we may have to find replacements for these foods and drinks in the future. 41. The writer develops (发展) the text by________. A. telling stories B. listing numbers C. asking questions D. giving examples 42. What may the underlined word “replacements” mean? A. 替代品 B. 实验品 C. 营养素 D. 增产素 43. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. If the climate keeps warming up, coffee plants could die out by 2050. B. Every year, the harvest of crops drops by over 1000 million kilograms. C. We may have to change our eating habits if we don’t stop climate change. D. Farmers and scientists have stopped the harm that climate change has caused. 44. What is the structure (结构) of the text? A. B. C. D. 45. What may the next part of the text be about? A. What food to eat less. B. Where to plant more crops. C. Whether to find replacements. D. How to stop climate change. E 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 At night, you fall asleep while listening to beautiful music. ____46____ You can enjoy all of these feelings because of the ears. The ear has three different parts: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. The outer ear is the part you can see. ____47____ The sound then travels down to the middle ear, the inner ear and then to your brain (大脑). ____48____ Your ears keep on hearing sounds, but your brain just ignores (忽视) them. Sometimes you wake up suddenly in the middle of the night. That’s because your brain hears something. But ears do more than hear. ____49____ In the inner ear, there are liquid (液体) and small hairs. When you move your head, the liquid and hairs move, too. They send messages to your brain about the position (位置) of your head. More surprisingly, ears even help with tasting food. ____50____ But there are nerves (神经) running through the middle ear that connect the tongue (舌头) to the brain. Now you see how important your ears are. Make sure to protect your ears as well as you can. A. It collects sound around you. B. They help you keep your balance (平衡), too. C. Of course you don’t really taste food with your ears D. Your ears never stop working, even when you are sleeping. E. In the morning, you are woken up by the singing of birds outside. Ⅴ. 情景交际（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据情景提示，完成下列各题。 51. 你的宠物狗Bobby看起来很兴奋，你可以这样告诉妈妈： Mom, ________________. 52. 你的好朋友Fenny牙疼，你建议她每天刷两次牙，可以这样说： You had better ________. 53. 你想约朋友今天下午五点半见面，可以这样说： ________ this afternoon. 54. 你想问对方是否介意把铅笔借给你，可以这样说： Would you mind ________________? 55. 地震发生了，你想提醒家人远离建筑物，可以这样说： ________________________________ Ⅵ. 看图写话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。 56. next Sunday _____________________________________________________________ 57. yesterday _____________________________________________________________ 58. heavy, than _____________________________________________________________ 59. like, shop _____________________________________________________________ 60. wet, because of _____________________________________________________________ Ⅶ. 短文填词（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 A group of frogs were traveling through a ____61____ /wʊd/ when two of them fell into a deep pit (深坑). All the other frogs came around the pit. When they saw ____62____ deep the pit was, they told the two frogs that they were dying. The two frogs wouldn’t listen to their words and ____63____ (try) to jump up out of the pit. The other frogs kept ____64____ (say) that they were sure to ____65____ /daɪ/. Finally, one of the two frogs listened to what the other frogs said and gave up. He fell down and died. The other one, however, continued (继续) to jump as hard ____66____ he could. Once again, the other frogs shouted at him to give up. But he jumped even ____67____ (hard) and in the end he made it out. When he got out, the other frogs asked, “Didn’t you hear ____68____ (we)?” The frog, who had a poor hearing, said, “I thought you were encouraging (鼓励) me all the time.” An encouraging ____69____ can help some people out while a discouraging word can ____70____ /kɪl/ them. Ⅷ. 书面表达（满分15分） 71. 少年强则国强，青年兴则国兴。作为一名中学生，我们如何才能不负时代、不负韶华？你校英语报开展了以“How can we live a meaningful life? ”为题的征文活动。请你根据下列图示，写一篇英语短文进行投稿。 （1）必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥；词数80 左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； （2）意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； （3）请勿在文中使用真实的姓名和校名。 Young students are the future of our country. As students, we should live a meaningful life.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$