专题3 第1讲 围绕主题语境，“完意”统率下的完形(Word教师用书)-【新高考方案】2025年高考英语二轮复习专题增分方略

第一讲　围绕主题语境，“完意”统率下的完形 在以“立德树人”为价值引领的高考指引下，“主题语境”意识在解答完形填空时愈发重要。只有把握了语篇的主旨大意，才能确保思考方向不跑偏。同样，围绕主题语境这条主线，对选项进行语域性的甄别筛选，不失为一种快捷的解题渠道。在解题时，可抓住4种类型的语域词判定选项。 1．圈定主题语域内的话题词定选项 2．根据主题语境形成的语义场定选项 3．沿循主题语境下的情节线定选项 4．发掘主题语境下的价值观定选项 具体解题要领例析如下： [典例]　(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)I've been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks' achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend __1__ a marathon race.Feeling motivated, I started running __2__， but then two things happened.First, a girl I met one day told me she was __3__ for a “super，” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon.Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.To be honest, I __4__ it! Between the girl making my __5__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only __6__ I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I __7__ cycling.I got a good bike and rode a lot.I __8__ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister.While she was at work one day, I __9__ her bike and went for a ride.The __10__： The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.I'd never faced such __11__.That day, I got __12__ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as __13__. I've __14__ a lot since then.I've come to accept that whatever __15__ I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 参考答案：1－5　CADCB　6－10　DCBBA　11－15　DADBC 1．A.knew　　　 B．held C．won D．quit 2．A.regularly B．silently C．proudly D．recently 3．A.asking B．looking C．waiting D．training 4．A.made B．believed C．hated D．deserved 5．A.advantage B．achievement C．contribution D．influence 6．A.way B．risk C．place D．reason 7．A.gave up B．went on C．turned to D．dealt with 8．A.heard B．dreamed C．complained D．approved 9．A.painted B．borrowed C．bought D．parked 10．A.problem　　　 B．secret C．principle D．advice 11．A.dangers B．events C．opponents D．challenges 12．A.passed B．convinced C．admired D．stopped 13．A.reliable B．convenient C．familiar D．appealing 14．A.traveled B．matured C．missed D．worried 15．A.limits B．dates C．goals D．tests [解题技法例析] (一)圈定主题语域内的话题词定选项 主题语域内的话题词是指语篇话题内容上最可能使用的常用词汇，是阐述语篇内容的骨干支撑词汇，这些骨干词汇形成一定的语域而服务于语篇主题。考生在解答完形填空时可以根据文章话题调动语域内的话题词来确定答案。 如：第1－2题：本文话题是“作者在不同阶段对不同运动(跑步和骑自行车)的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化”。该话题常用的话题词有“motivated, race, win, train, run, regularly, cycling, ride”等。根据“Feeling motivated, I started running”可知，一位社区的朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，作者受到激励，也开始跑步。故第1题选won。既然受到激励，所以应该是经常跑步。故第2题选regularly。 (二)根据主题语境形成的语义场定选项 主题语境下的语义场是指完形填空语篇中的某一部分语义相关的句子，它们在故事线索或者细微的故事场景中具有很强的逻辑性和关联性。因此，考生可以通过调用语义场词汇来确定正确答案。 如：第10－13题属于一个语义场，即“作者对骑自行车不感兴趣了”。根据“went through large valleys”和“riding uphill for miles at a time”可以知道这是作者面临的“问题”，也是作者从未面对过的“挑战”，被熟悉路况的当地人超过了，正因为此，骑自行车对作者来说也不再有吸引力了。故第10－13题的答案分别是：problem; challenges; passed; appealing。 (三)沿循主题语境下的情节线定选项 完形填空的文体多为记叙文，文章一般通过情节线来展开故事，因此理清情节线对于把握文章的主题非常重要。要理清情节线，就要关注故事情节的几个要素：who(人物), when(时间), where(地点), what(事件), how(过程), why(原因)和ending(结局)。 如：第3－6题：本文是记叙文。故事的情节线： (时间)有一天，(人物、事件)作者遇到的一个女孩告诉作者，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练(指的是52.4英里的双马拉松)。(经过)第二天作者跑了最长的一次——15英里。(原因)说实话，作者讨厌跑步！ 在那个女孩面前，作者的成绩显得微不足道，再加上跑步的无聊，(结果)作者认定再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追自己！ 如果考生能沿循这一情节线来解题，就能快速、高效地选出正确答案。故第3－6题的答案分别是：training; hated; achievement; reason。 (四)发掘主题语境下的价值观定选项 主题语境下的价值观是指语篇所体现的“真善美”的品德、道德观念和价值取向。具备正确的价值观符合高考在语篇选材上体现“立德树人”的根本要求。文章常在尾段升华主旨，点明中心，因此，在解答完形填空结尾部分的题目时，考生可以上升到价值观高度来确定正确答案。 如：第14题：本文的话题内容是“作者在不同阶段对不同运动(跑步和骑自行车)的兴趣和经历”，所反映的价值观是“成长”。由此可知，作者总是受其他人的影响去做某事，但现在作者已经接受无论为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是适合自己的。这说明作者成熟了。故第14题的答案是matured。 (2024·山东青岛二模)When the three women spotted an abandoned property in Providence, USA, they agreed this polluted parcel of land held __1__.It was where their dream of a(n) __2__ farm came true. Holland and her cofounders, Doggett and Purviance, __3__ the 2.7-acre property, cleaned up the pollution and created an inner-city oasis (绿洲)．Its name? What Cheer Flower Farm.Its __4__？ To give away all the flowers they grow to people in need. “We offer products to people who __5__ flowers but don't have access，” explains Doggett.“Flowers are a __6__ symbol, not just for the selected few who can afford them.Receiving flowers energizes everyone.” Although the three got off to a __7__ start — planting started in May, not as usual, they worked around the clock and __8__ to donate roughly 10,000 flowers in their first growing season.“We want to __9__ the state with flowers and we are very __10__ to make it work，” Purviance says.Now the farm regularly brings __11__ to people at local hospitals, senior centers and more.Purviance vividly remembers the first flowers she __12__ to a home-bound elderly woman.“Her face just __13__.It was as if a flash of light was coming from the top of Federal Hill.” Another young woman, who was just broke, thanked Purviance afterwards.“In the __14__ time of my life, even one flower lifts me up.” And that, is the true __15__ of a flower. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述在美国Providence，三个女人发现了一块被遗忘的污染土地，她们决定将其变成一个梦想中的农场，种植花卉，将收获的花全部捐赠给有需要的人，展现花的力量。 1．A.courage B．discovery C．promise D．comfort 解析：选C　根据下文“It was where their dream of a(n) ________ farm came true.”可知，三个女人发现了一块废弃的土地，那是她们梦想开始的地方，所以，她们都认为这片土地能给她们带来希望。 2．A.friend B．individual C．health D．flower 解析：选D　根据下文“What Cheer Flower Farm.”可知，她们想要将这片被污染的土地变成花场。 3．A.purchased B．protected C．provided D．measured 解析：选A　根据下文“the 2.7-acre property, cleaned up the pollution and created an inner-city oasis”可知，三个女人买下了这块地，清理掉污染物，创造了一块城市里的绿洲。 4．A.procedure B．advice C．mission D．method 解析：选C　根据下文“To give away all the flowers they grow to people in need.”可知，这里指她们用这块地种花的使命。 5．A.deserve B．study C．observe D．tend 解析：选A　根据“who ________ flowers but don't have access”可知，who引导定语从句，表示这些花是给没有机会得到花，但是值得得到花的人。 6．A.traditional B．creative C．universal D．unique 解析：选C　根据下文“not just for the selected few who can afford them”可知，花是普遍的象征，不只是给能买得起花的人提供的。 7．A.late B．simple C．fine D．busy 解析：选A　根据下文“in May, not as usual, they worked around the clock”并结合常识可知，五月种花有些晚，所以她们努力工作。 8．A.continued B．happened C．managed D．hesitated 解析：选C　根据下文“to donate roughly 10,000 flowers in their first growing season”和“to make it work”可知，她们成功地捐出了一万朵花。manage to do意为“设法做成”。 9．A.compare B．help C．combine D．blanket 解析：选D　根据下文“the state with flowers”可知，她们想要用花覆盖整个州。 10．A.nervous B．determined C．lucky D．surprised 解析：选B　根据下文“to make it work”可知，她们决心实行自己的计划。 11．A.trust B．joy C．pride D．honor 解析：选B　根据上文“to donate roughly 10,000 flowers in their first growing season”可知，她们捐赠花朵，给人们带来欢乐。 12．A.sold B．delivered C．returned D．showed 解析：选B　根据上文“To give away all the flowers they grow to people in need.”和本句“Purviance vividly remembers the first flowers she ________ to a home-bound elderly woman.”可知，此处表示Purviance记得第一次将花送给一位居家不外出的老妇人。 13．A.reddened B．relaxed C．wrinkled D．brightened 解析：选D　根据下文“It was as if a flash of light was coming from the top of Federal Hill.”可知，老妇人收到花很高兴，脸上散发出喜悦的光芒。 14．A.significant B．moving C．tough D．usual 解析：选C　根据上文“who was just broke”和下文“even one flower lifts me up”可知，在生活艰难的时刻，即使是一朵花也能让人振作起来。 15．A.moment B．secret C．story D．power 解析：选D　根据上文讲到三个女人把种的花送给了医院和老年中心，给他们带来了欢乐，使他们振作起来可知，这是花带来的力量。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$