重点话题35人与自然 自然生态 完形填空 -【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版）

重点话题35人与自然-自然生态 完形填空 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） “人与自然 - 自然生态” 完形填空中的高频单词和短语： 一、高频单词 1.环境类： environment（环境） ecology（生态；生态学） ecological（生态的，生态学的） habitat（栖息地）、 biodiversity（生物多样性） pollution（污染）、 resource（资源） waste（废物） 2.动植物类： wildlife（野生动植物） plant（植物） animal（动物） species（物种） endangered（濒危的） extinct（灭绝的） lamb（小羊） elephant（大象） 3.行为动作类： protect（保护） conserve（保护；保存） preserve（保护；维护） restore（恢复；修复） pollute（污染） damage（破坏） destroy（摧毁） harm（伤害） recycle（回收利用） release（释放；排放） 4.自然现象类： natural disaster（自然灾害） flood（洪水） drought（干旱） earthquake（地震） storm（风暴） hurricane（飓风） typhoon（台风） volcano（火山） 5.其他：balance（平衡） sustainable（可持续的） harmony（和谐） awareness（意识） policy（政策） measure（措施） system（系统） 二、高频短语 1.生态保护类： live in harmony with nature（与自然和谐共处） keep ecological balance（保持生态平衡） maintain biodiversity（保持生物多样性） conserve natural habitats（保护天然栖息地） set up nature reserves（建立自然保护区） 2.危害与问题类： lose the habitats（失去栖息地） endanger the lives of（危及…… 的生命） cause great damage（造成极大伤害） lead to（导致） result in（导致；结果是）1 3.行动呼吁类： raise people’s awareness of（提高人们的…… 意识） take measures to do（采取措施做某事） call on people to（呼吁人们做……）、 make contributions to（为…… 做贡献）1 4.其他： as a result of（由于；作为…… 的结果） because of（因为）、due to（由于） in addition（此外） on the contrary（相反） in fact（事实上）3 三、高二英语人与自然-自然生态 完形填空的考法考点 高二英语 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 主题的完形填空通常会从词汇、语法、逻辑和语篇等角度进行考查，以下是具体的考法考点分析： 1.词汇考点 （1）近义词辨析： 给出几个意思相近的词，如 preserve、conserve 和 protect 都有 “保护” 的意思，但在具体语境中用法有别。preserve 更强调保持原样、防止破坏；conserve 侧重于保护资源、能源等，使其不被浪费；protect 则更通用，指保护某人或某物免受伤害。 （2）固定搭配： 考查与 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 主题相关的固定搭配，如 “be harmful to”（对…… 有害）、“adapt to”（适应）、“in harmony with”（与…… 和谐相处）等。 （3）一词多义：有些单词在 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 语境中有特定含义，如 “yield” 常见意思是 “屈服”“生产”，在农业生态语境中可能表示 “产量”。 2.语法考点 （1）从句引导词： 考查定语从句、状语从句等引导词的用法。如在描述生态环境的句子中，可能会用 where 引导定语从句修饰先行词 habitat 等地点名词，如 “The rainforest is a habitat where many rare species live.”；用 when 引导时间状语从句描述自然现象发生的时间，如 “When a hurricane comes, it often causes great damage.” （2）非谓语动词： 现在分词和过去分词作定语、状语等。例如 “Polluted water is harmful to the environment.” 中 polluted 是过去分词作定语修饰 water，表示 “被污染的水”；“Protecting the environment is our responsibility.” 中 protecting 是现在分词作主语。 （3）时态和语态： 根据上下文语境判断动作发生的时间和主被动关系，选择正确的时态和语态。如在讲述生态保护措施实施前后的变化时，可能会用到现在完成时的被动语态，如 “Many forests have been protected in the past few years.” 3.逻辑关系考点 （1）因果关系：考查表示因果关系的词或短语，如 because、since、as、due to、therefore、thus 等。例如 “Due to climate change, many species are facing the risk of extinction.” （2）转折关系：常见的有 but、however、while、although、though 等。如 “Although people have taken some measures to protect the environment, there is still a long way to go.” （3）并列关系：and、or、not only...but also 等词的考查。如 “Protecting wildlife and conserving natural resources are both important for maintaining ecological balance.” （4）递进关系：如 furthermore、moreover、in addition 等。例如 “Recycling can reduce waste. Moreover, it can also save natural resources.” 4.语篇理解考点 （1）主题理解：要求考生理解文章围绕 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 的主题思想，把握文章是在讲述生态保护的重要性、面临的问题还是采取的措施等。 （2）上下文语境：根据上下文线索来推断空格处的内容。比如前文提到某种动物数量减少，后文可能会说采取什么措施来 increase its population。 （3）文化背景知识：涉及一些与自然生态相关的文化背景知识，如某些国家的生态保护政策、特定地区的自然景观特点等。如了解澳大利亚有独特的考拉等珍稀动物，在涉及澳大利亚生态的文章中，就更容易理解相关内容。 四、人与自然-自然生态主题完形填空的解题技巧 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 主题的完形填空解题需要综合运用多种技巧，从整体把握到细节分析，以下是一些实用的解题技巧： 1.快速浏览，把握大意 在开始答题前，快速通读全文，了解文章围绕 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 主题的大致内容，确定文章的主题方向，比如是在讲生态保护的行动、自然环境的变化，还是人与自然的某种关系等，明确文章的整体框架和主旨，为后续答题建立一个宏观的理解基础。 特别留意文章的首段、尾段以及每段的首句，这些地方往往会包含关键信息，有助于快速掌握文章大意。 2.结合语境，分析词汇 （1）利用上下文线索：根据空格前后的句子内容，寻找与选项词汇相关的提示信息。比如，如果前文提到了某种动物的生存环境受到威胁，那么后面提到为了保护它所采取的行动，就可能与改善或保护其栖息地有关，由此可以推断出合适的词汇选项。 （2）考虑词汇搭配：注意词汇的常见搭配和习惯用法。例如，“protect...from...”“preserve the balance of...” 等都是与 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 主题相关的常见搭配，如果选项中出现了涉及这些搭配的词汇，要结合语境判断是否符合。 （3）辨析近义词和形近词：对于意思相近或拼写相似的词汇，要根据语境仔细辨析它们的细微差别。例如 “effect”“affect”“influence” 都有 “影响” 的意思，但 “effect” 通常作名词，“affect” 作动词时更侧重于对情感、情绪等的影响，“influence” 则更强调潜移默化的、长期的影响，要根据具体语境选择合适的词汇。 3.关注语法，判断结构 （1）分析句子成分：确定句子的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，判断空格处需要填入的是名词、动词、形容词还是其他词性的词汇。比如，如果空格在谓语动词的位置，就要根据主语的单复数以及句子的时态、语态来选择合适的动词形式。 （2）注意从句引导词：如果文章中出现了定语从句、状语从句等，要根据从句与先行词或主句的逻辑关系，选择正确的引导词。例如，当先行词是表示地点的名词，且从句中缺少地点状语时，通常用 where 引导定语从句。 （3）检查语法一致性：注意主谓一致、时态一致、代词指代一致等语法规则。比如，当主语是第三人称单数时，一般现在时的动词要加 “s” 或 “es”；如果文章整体时态是一般过去时，那么空格处的动词也通常要用过去式形式。 4.理清逻辑，推理关系 （1）判断句间逻辑：分析句子之间是因果、转折、并列、递进还是其他逻辑关系。例如，“The environment is getting worse. Therefore, we need to take immediate action.” 中，前后句是因果关系，“therefore” 表示结果。根据这种逻辑关系，可以选择合适的连接词或根据已知信息推断出空格处的内容。 （2）把握段落逻辑：段落之间也存在一定的逻辑关系，比如总分、分总、对比等。明确段落之间的逻辑有助于理解文章的整体结构和内容走向，从而更好地解答与段落主旨或段落间衔接相关的题目。 5.代入检查，验证答案 完成所有填空后，将所选答案代入原文，再次通读全文，检查文章在内容、逻辑、语法等方面是否通顺合理。查看是否存在前后矛盾、语法错误或逻辑不连贯的地方，如果有，及时进行调整和修改。 五、人与自然-自然生态主题完形填空的解题技巧 （24-25高二上·浙江绍兴·期中）Cats bring bad luck. Cats cannot be 1 . This is what I was taught when I was growing up. I hated cats. And then I married a woman who was brought up with cats. So it was unavoidable that she would want us to 2 one. My parents-in-law lived with Maggie, a big cat that made me quite 3 . When we used to take our baby daughter to their home, I watched Maggie 4 . Whenever she paced close to my daughter, I ran to ensure that Maggie did not 5 her. My wife always laughed and told me Maggie wouldn’t hurt our daughter. 6 from my wife to possess a cat became greater after we had two more children. Under stress, I finally gave in and 7 . And then Masala came to our home. Our children loved the new “ 8 ”. They played with Masala and even slept with her. At first, I was a bit 9 . I was not sure what would happen next. But slowly I started liking that little creature. We were happy with life. But then, something 10 occurred — my wife was diagnosed with lung cancer. This terrible time was when I came to truly 11 the cat. Masala provided my wife with good 12 . She stayed by my wife’s bedside around the clock. My wife battled the disease bravely but didn’t 13 at last. After my wife died, Masala also 14 me during my darkest days. Her warm welcome after I came home meant a lot to me. Masala helped me 15 my prejudices against cats. She indeed taught me a valuable lesson. 1．A．served B．challenged C．trusted D．judged 2．A．get B．borrow C．access D．exchange 3．A．unfortunate B．unreasonable C．unhealthy D．uncomfortable 4．A．naturally B．closely C．eagerly D．secretly 5．A．approach B．lick C．harm D．impact 6．A．Pressure B．Encouragement C．Prevention D．Dissatisfaction 7．A．understood B．failed C．agreed D．responded 8．A．stranger B．resident C．neighbor D．visitor 9．A．awkward B．stunned C．frustrated D．hesitant 10．A．similar B．typical C．abnormal D．horrible 11．A．know B．love C．care D．honour 12．A．company B．belief C．faith D．hope 13．A．suffer B．struggle C．adapt D．survive 14．A．impressed B．supported C．attracted D．embraced 15．A．give way to B．get down to C．get rid of D．keep track of （24-25高二上·江苏常州·期中）I find even small things can have an impact on our awareness. My wife, daughter, and I moved into our home nine years ago and we spent a lot of 16 in the yard to get it looking like it does today. We did the best and called this area our ‘rock garden’. Last summer I found a tiny little plant that I could not immediately 17 . I knew I didn’t plant it and Denise 18 that she didn’t either. We decided to let it continue growing until we could 19 what it was. Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the 20 plant, it appeared to be a Sunflower. I decided to baby it along. As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, I noticed something 21 . The Sunflower had not started where I saw the stalk(茎) begin. It 22 had begun under a big rock. That’s when I realized that if a tiny little Sunflower didn’t let a big rock get 23 its way of developing, we too have the 24 of doing the same thing. Once our environment begins to see that we believe in ourselves like that little Sunflower, we can 25 the same nutrition and grow as well. We need to believe in ourselves, 26 we are able to achieve our desires. Like the Sunflower, it knew it could 27 its difficulty because it trusted the Universal Truth and had 28 it would succeed. Stand 29 like the Sunflower and be proud of who and what you are and the environment will begin to 30 you. You will find a way to go under or around your big rock in order to reach your desires. 16．A．energy B．tax C．debt D．career 17．A．forget B．predict C．recognize D．see 18．A．illustrated B．advertised C．demonstrated D．claimed 19．A．make up B．figure out C．put down D．take in 20．A．mysterious B．identical C．outstanding D．realistic 21．A．critical B．unusual C．universal D．accurate 22．A．slowly B．carefully C．actually D．sadly 23．A．in B．on C．off D．along 24．A．curiosity B．capability C．reality D．security 25．A．miss B．pass C．keep D．get 26．A．knowing B．ignoring C．doubting D．wondering 27．A．display B．witness C．investigate D．overcome 28．A．liberty B．responsibility C．faith D．determination 29．A．still B．tall C．safe D．lost 30．A．pay B．challenge C．forgive D．support （24-25高二上·四川·期中）Kayaking (划皮划艇) is a great way to connect with nature. 31 , kayakers enjoy the natural world from a distance, spotting hidden animals along their 32 . But recently, a man named Dave finished a kayaking trip and found a huge animal much 33 than he ever expected- settling at the back window of his 34 . Dave couldn’t help but do a double take. “He was like, ‘Oh, there’ s a hawk (鹰) in here,’” Raven Ridge Wildlife Center 35 Tracie Young said. Dave popped the tailgate (后挡板) and the top open, 36 that the young red-railed hawk would get the message and 37 . But the bird didn’t move. In need of expert help, Dave 38 Raven Ridge Wildlife Center for assistance. Luckily, one of their capture transport volunteers was already in the area. Using a towel, the 39 animal handler carefully grabbed the hawk from his place in the back of the truck. Then she took him back to the wildlife center for further 40 . Rescuers determined the hawk was thirsty and underweight. They set him up on a healthy 41 and gave him a temporary home in a flight fence with other 42 birds. In time, this little hawk will be 43 again, ready to return to the wild, where he 44 . “He’s doing great,” Young said. “He’ s eating. He just 45 that extra time and push. But he’ll be set free.” 31．A．Originally B．Curiously C．Specially D．Typically 32．A．road B．journey C．line D．railway 33．A．closer B．farther C．slower D．earlier 34．A．store B．motorbike C．truck D．flat 35．A．operator B．waiter C．actor D．rescuer 36．A．hoping B．explaining C．promising D．discovering 37．A．give away B．fly away C．warm up D．wake up 38．A．established B．arranged C．called D．organized 39．A．experienced B．brave C．positive D．polite 40．A．discussion B．advice C．examination D．research 41．A．climate B．diet C．lifestyle D．environment 42．A．attacked B．saved C．lost D．frightened 43．A．comfortable B．safe C．reliable D．strong 44．A．falls B．sleeps C．belongs D．rests 45．A．approached B．extended C．judged D．needed （24-25高二上·山东济宁·期中）My story with my cat started many years ago, and now I have to prepare to bid farewell to her. It was 2003 and a childhood 46 was stationed at Fort Bragg, in North Carolina where she was in the 82nd Airborne Division(空降师). She was done jumping out of planes for the day, 47 the base, when she heard meowing coming from a warehouse. Inside, she 48 a stray(流浪的) cat, proud but dirty, and decided to take her home. Soon, the cat was 49 . One day, my friend e-mailed me a photograph of the little lovely kittens, arranged on her laps. She 50 , “Don’t you want to have them?” A few weeks later, the kittens were 51 onto the back seat of a Jeep and driven north. Two were dropped off at my parents’ house, and one with me at my studio apartment. The family 52 that these were military-grade cats, since their mom was from the base! Unknowingly, I became 53 to my cat. She always leaned on my forearm the moment I told her the 54 of us: I described the apartments we’d lived in, the friends we’d met, and the sunsets we’d witnessed together. Almost every morning, I 55 with her soft paws rubbing against my face. Her bright eyes 56 my heart and her shock-white belly in the room was the best 57 throughout my day. Twenty-one years later, mine is the 58 one standing. The cat is very sick, so I know a 59 is at hand. Comedy is tragedy plus time. That’s the rule. 60 , I think there’s a lesson here about “nurture” — to appreciate and treasure every moment of love, care, and companionship we have shared. 46．A．teacher B．neighbor C．friend D．classmate 47．A．heading off B．setting up C．arriving at D．breaking into 48．A．removed B．identified C．spotted D．adopted 49．A．restless B．injured C．troublesome D．pregnant 50．A．insisted B．added C．declared D．explained 51．A．stuffed B．thrown C．handed D．loaded 52．A．sighed B．joked C．admitted D．argued 53．A．attached B．exposed C．devoted D．limited 54．A．emotion B．lesson C．story D．theme 55．A．wept B．waited C．whispered D．woke 56．A．felt B．hardened C．shot D．melted 57．A．sight B．impression C．signal D．image 58．A．first B．cutest C．last D．youngest 59．A．delivery B．separation C．reunion D．celebration 60．A．Personally B．Constantly C．Immediately D．Obviously （24-25高二上·广东广州·期中）One day, I was standing on the boat when a very large female leopard seal swam by. I put on my diving gear and got my camera. I was 61 . My mouth was dry. At first, I couldn’t even move. But I knew it was time to 62 this mysterious creature. I jumped into the freezing water. Immediately, the seal swam toward me. Then she put my entire camera — and much of my 63 — into her mouth. Although the seal was putting me at risk, I tried not to 64 any fear. After a few seconds, she let go of my head. She 65 me a few more times and swam away. Then she 66 with a live penguin. She even tried to show me how to 67 it. She tried to push the penguin into my camera — she thought the camera was my 68 ! The seal thought I was just another large animal, and she was trying to 69 me, I realized. By now, she didn’t seem very 70 . She stayed by me for four days. One time, she noticed another leopard seal 71 behind me. She made a deep, threatening sound and 72 the other seal away. Those four days were the most incredible experience I ever had as a wildlife 73 . I got some amazing pictures. I also learned that animals do not always behave the way we 74 . My relationship with this powerful and 75 animal will stay with me forever. 61．A．enthusiastic B．amused C．frightened D．cautious 62．A．rescue B．approach C．hunt D．treat 63．A．head B．leg C．neck D．body 64．A．arouse B．feel C．overcome D．reveal 65．A．threatened B．fought C．confused D．disturbed 66．A．stayed B．disappeared C．competed D．returned 67．A．eat B．digest C．injure D．seize 68．A．eyes B．mouth C．stomach D．nose 69．A．adopt B．discipline C．feed D．observe 70．A．dangerous B．powerful C．gentle D．sensitive 71．A．come back B．come across C．come up D．come over 72．A．directed B．drove C．waved D．took 73．A．painter B．manager C．photographer D．advocate 74．A．work B．demand C．react D．expect 75．A．accessible B．intelligent C．anxious D．Primitive （23-24高二上·广西贵港·期末）Dressed in a kachhad, a traditional Nepalese clothes, Umesh Balal walked into his meetings at the 28th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28) on climate change in Dubai with a sense of determination, Balal, who has physical disability, was there to publicly 76 inclusion of disability rights in the climate change conference an aspect that he said has long been 77 by organizers of the world’s largest annual meeting on climate issues. As a student, Balal was 78 about science and involved himself in research on environmental science. Those were his first few interactions that 79 the climate related issues to him. Being from a mountainous region, Balal 80 more about how climate change had 81 people there, which led him to develop climate anxiety. The more Balan 82 himself to climate science, the more he learned about the impact of climate change. People with more resources have better chances of 83 the climate crisis. But the less developed countries, for the 84 communities, usually don’t have the same opportunities, which will push them further into the 85 . And it is even harder for people with 86 . Many people with disabilities in Nepal don’t have 87 to proper education or opportunities for growth. As a result, they aren’t able to advocate for their rights. In an interview, Balan said, “ 88 , I am honored that I come from a supportive family, where I had a chance of good education which 89 me to grow in life. This is what I 90 for others, to change the way they live their lives.” 76．A．support B．achieve C．control D．whisper 77．A．respected B．invested C．ignored D．issued 78．A．anxious B．relaxed C．worried D．curious 79．A．sold B．lent C．introduced D．awarded 80．A．brought B．knew C．complained D．quarreled 81．A．affected B．prepared C．organized D．admitted 82．A．devoted B．changed C．limited D．helped 83．A．relying on B．coping with C．referring to D．resulting from 84．A．warmer B．cleaner C．quieter D．poorer 85．A．gentleness B．relish C．crisis D．evolution 86．A．rights B．degrees C．disabilities D．advertisements 87．A．objection B．access C．attention D．apology 88．A．Fortunately B．Secretly C．Similarly D．Naturally 89．A．forced B．ordered C．warned D．allowed 90．A．resist B．want C．cheer D．expand （23-24高二上·广东潮州·期末）In the last 100 years, the global temperature has gone up by around 0.75℃. Such a small increase is causing sea levels to rise and 91 the habitat of many species of plants and animals. A(n) 92 of 2℃ in global temperatures could result in 93 of 30% of the world’s land species. Sea levels in the UK have increased by around 10 cm in the last 100 years and experts 94 that global sea levels could rise by up to 59 cm in the near future. 95 , areas which were land a few hundred years ago are now under water. As a result of the changing 96 , the world’s ecosystems are also changing faster than ever before. So what is 97 climate change? The main cause of climate change is the huge amount of greenhouse gases like CO2 in the atmosphere, but the reason for this is the world’s population — you and me. As the 98 increases, more land is needed to provide food, and more energy is 99 too. Burning fossil fuels for heating, lighting, transport, or electricity 100 CO2. Furthermore, humans breathe out CO2 and trees “breathe in” CO2 and produce oxygen — so by 101 trees, we are increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and reducing the amount of oxygen. As a result of these 102 , CO2 levels are now at their highest for 800,000 years. The biggest 103 we all face is to prevent further environmental disasters. We need to 104 burning fossil fuels and start using renewable energy. If we can get enough 105 from renewable fuels, we can stop using fossil fuels completely. 91．A．attacking B．ignoring C．threatening D．discovering 92．A．limitation B．reduction C．increase D．improvement 93．A．extinction B．escape C．change D．development 94．A．argue B．explain C．doubt D．predict 95．A．Surprisingly B．Consequently C．Immediately D．Usually 96．A．climate B．height C．period D．environment 97．A．forcing B．allowing C．causing D．helping 98．A．animal B．species C．plants D．population 99．A．wasted B．needed C．supplied D．stored 100．A．produces B．includes C．requires D．provides 101．A．transporting to B．searching for C．planting in D．cutting down 102．A．questions B．activities C．procedures D．disasters 103．A．challenge B．disadvantage C．adventure D．influence 104．A．consider B．deny C．stop D．hate 105．A．time B．energy C．inspiration D．knowledge （23-24高二上·山西忻州·期末）Dressed in a kachhad, a traditional Nepalese clothes, Umesh Balal walked into his meetings at the 28th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28) on climate change in Dubai with a sense of determination. Balal, who has physical disability, was there to publicly 106 inclusion of disability rights in the climate change conference, an aspect that he said has long been 107 by organizers of the world’s largest annual meeting on climate issues. As a student, Balal was 108 about science and involved himself in research on environmental science. Those were his first few interactions that 109 the climate related issues to him. Being from a mountainous region, Balal 110 more about how climate change had 111 people there, which led him to develop climate anxiety. The more Balan 112 himself to climate science, the more he learned about the impact of climate change. People with more resources have better chances of 113 the climate crisis. But the less developed countries, for the 114 communities, usually don’t have the same opportunities, which will push them further into the 115 And it is even harder for people with 116 . Many people with disabilities in Nepal don’t have 117 to proper education or opportunities for growth. As a result, they aren’t able to advocate for their rights.   In an interview, Balan said, “ 118 , I am honored that I come from a supportive family, where I had a chance of good education which 119 me to grow in life. This is what I 120 for others, to change the way they live their lives.” 106．A．control B．achieve C．support D．measure 107．A．ignored B．studied C．respected D．issued 108．A．anxious B．particular C．worried D．curious 109．A．sold B．lent C．introduced D．awarded 110．A．brought B．knew C．complained D．quarreled 111．A．affected B．prepared C．organized D．admitted 112．A．devoted B．changed C．limited D．helped 113．A．comparing with B．coping with C．differing from D．resulting from 114．A．warmer B．cleaner C．poorer D．quieter 115．A．confidence B．calmness C．honesty D．crisis 116．A．rights B．disabilities C．degrees D．advertisements 117．A．objection B．attention C．access D．gratitude 118．A．Fortunately B．Secretly C．Similarly D．Naturally 119．A．forced B．ordered C．warned D．allowed 120．A．occupy B．want C．cheer D．blame （24-25高二上·贵州·期中）Last week, just after reaching the Everest peak, the 55-year-old Christopher collapsed and 121 , along with at least other 11 people reported to have lost their lives this year. The deaths come among reports of 122 on the popular mountain. For some climbers, the traffic has meant 123 wait times — some told the Himalayan Times the wait has extended for two hours between the last camp and the peak. Mountaineer Vanessa O’Brien, who has also climbed the Seven Peaks, said when there’s a crowd, being a more 124 climber won’t help you. “It doesn’t matter if you’re the best racecar 125 in the world. If you are 126 traffic, you’re impossible to move out of it,” she said in an interview. Climbing expert Alan Arnette said there’s no simple 127 for the string of deaths. He said weather that has led to a shorter climbing season is one factor 128 overcrowding. He also said the cost to climb Mount Everest has 129 , which means more people are making the journey. He 130 the governments in charge of offering permits to 131 how many people can be on the mountain at once. Still, Christopher was no 132 . His family said he’d been mountain climbing for five decades. He arrived at the base camp nearly two months before his climb so he could give himself time to 133 the conditions. When he made his journey, his family said he was climbing with a small group in almost ideal conditions after some of the overcrowding had cleared. His brother described being a lawyer as a “day job” for Christopher, but climbing was his passion. “He was a(n) 134 climber of peaks in Colorado, the West and the world over, because he was obsessed with climbing one mountain after another,” Mark Kulish said. “He passed away doing what he 135 .” 121．A．starved B．survived C．froze D．died 122．A．overcrowding B．suffering C．blessing D．living 123．A．precious B．precise C．longer D．limited 124．A．learned B．experienced C．innovative D．optimistic 125．A．driver B．geologist C．composer D．technician 126．A．involved in B．exposed to C．concerned for D．stuck in 127．A．expectation B．explanation C．regulation D．expression 128．A．addressing B．relieving C．supporting D．causing 129．A．remained B．declined C．grown D．disappeared 130．A．assisted B．urged C．charged D．questioned 131．A．limit B．include C．claim D．shorten 132．A．master B．competitor C．beginner D．climber 133．A．rely on B．step into C．deal with D．adapt to 134．A．addicted B．determined C．adventurous D．patient 135．A．said B．hoped C．loved D．generated （2023·河南郑州·三模）Standing on the shore of a lake, I can’t help but feel surprised at the thousands of small rocks that surround my boots. They were all created from 136 surfaces, their edges softening over time. I wonder, “Can we learn from a pile of rocks?” Even the tallest mountains have 137 ; none are as tall as they were 1,000 years ago. And much like a rock, I’ve found my 138 has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun. 139 , I was also a sharp rock covered in pointy edges. Today, after decades of the waters of life coursing over me, my edges are softer and I’m more 140 . I’m less likely to judge and more interested in learning how we can 141 together. But I’m not a 142 . I’m a human filled with all the drama built into my DNA． Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several young men to 143 for not wearing masks. Not 144 and not rude. On the door read a sign, “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to 145 this together.” The group of young men wanted to 146 about the note. I sat at the restaurant watching, understanding both sides. I’ve been one of them before, using my youthful edges to chip away at (削弱) the world. What I lost, 147 , was the ability to grow from 148 by looking through the eyes of others. In learning to be more 149 , I’ve also found more happiness and success. You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to 150 and make room for others, while the latter never give an 151 to accommodate others. 152 , like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to 153 the world from someone else’s point of view. I placed a 154 stone into my jacket pocket. Mother Nature is holding a 155 again. 136．A．fragile B．shiny C．smooth D．hard 137．A．piled up B．worn down C．risen up D．broken down 138．A．will B．voice C．attitude D．heart 139．A．Still B．Often C．Here D．Once 140．A．understanding B．confident C．patient D．competitive 141．A．contribute B．exist C．work D．develop 142．A．fool B．soul C．rock D．judge 143．A．explain B．leave C．apologize D．pay 144．A．contradictory B．confusing C．forceful D．discouraging 145．A．get through B．stick to C．deal with D．fight against 146．A．think B．care C．talk D．argue 147．A．even B．however C．anyway D．also 148．A．hardships B．struggle C．experiences D．failure 149．A．open B．cautious C．ambitious D．independent 150．A．ignore B．accept C．adjust D．change 151．A．excuse B．agreement C．entrance D．inch 152．A．Nature B．Tolerance C．Tide D．Time 153．A．reforming B．seeing C．exploring D．travelling 154．A．sharp B．rounded C．valuable D．rolling 155．A．class B．belief C．meeting D．discussion 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重点话题35人与自然-自然生态 完形填空 【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语阅读提升（通用版） “人与自然 - 自然生态” 完形填空中的高频单词和短语： 一、高频单词 1.环境类： environment（环境） ecology（生态；生态学） ecological（生态的，生态学的） habitat（栖息地）、 biodiversity（生物多样性） pollution（污染）、 resource（资源） waste（废物） 2.动植物类： wildlife（野生动植物） plant（植物） animal（动物） species（物种） endangered（濒危的） extinct（灭绝的） lamb（小羊） elephant（大象） 3.行为动作类： protect（保护） conserve（保护；保存） preserve（保护；维护） restore（恢复；修复） pollute（污染） damage（破坏） destroy（摧毁） harm（伤害） recycle（回收利用） release（释放；排放） 4.自然现象类： natural disaster（自然灾害） flood（洪水） drought（干旱） earthquake（地震） storm（风暴） hurricane（飓风） typhoon（台风） volcano（火山） 5.其他：balance（平衡） sustainable（可持续的） harmony（和谐） awareness（意识） policy（政策） measure（措施） system（系统） 二、高频短语 1.生态保护类： live in harmony with nature（与自然和谐共处） keep ecological balance（保持生态平衡） maintain biodiversity（保持生物多样性） conserve natural habitats（保护天然栖息地） set up nature reserves（建立自然保护区） 2.危害与问题类： lose the habitats（失去栖息地） endanger the lives of（危及…… 的生命） cause great damage（造成极大伤害） lead to（导致） result in（导致；结果是）1 3.行动呼吁类： raise people’s awareness of（提高人们的…… 意识） take measures to do（采取措施做某事） call on people to（呼吁人们做……）、 make contributions to（为…… 做贡献）1 4.其他： as a result of（由于；作为…… 的结果） because of（因为）、due to（由于） in addition（此外） on the contrary（相反） in fact（事实上）3 三、高二英语人与自然-自然生态 完形填空的考法考点 高二英语 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 主题的完形填空通常会从词汇、语法、逻辑和语篇等角度进行考查，以下是具体的考法考点分析： 1.词汇考点 （1）近义词辨析： 给出几个意思相近的词，如 preserve、conserve 和 protect 都有 “保护” 的意思，但在具体语境中用法有别。preserve 更强调保持原样、防止破坏；conserve 侧重于保护资源、能源等，使其不被浪费；protect 则更通用，指保护某人或某物免受伤害。 （2）固定搭配： 考查与 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 主题相关的固定搭配，如 “be harmful to”（对…… 有害）、“adapt to”（适应）、“in harmony with”（与…… 和谐相处）等。 （3）一词多义：有些单词在 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 语境中有特定含义，如 “yield” 常见意思是 “屈服”“生产”，在农业生态语境中可能表示 “产量”。 2.语法考点 （1）从句引导词： 考查定语从句、状语从句等引导词的用法。如在描述生态环境的句子中，可能会用 where 引导定语从句修饰先行词 habitat 等地点名词，如 “The rainforest is a habitat where many rare species live.”；用 when 引导时间状语从句描述自然现象发生的时间，如 “When a hurricane comes, it often causes great damage.” （2）非谓语动词： 现在分词和过去分词作定语、状语等。例如 “Polluted water is harmful to the environment.” 中 polluted 是过去分词作定语修饰 water，表示 “被污染的水”；“Protecting the environment is our responsibility.” 中 protecting 是现在分词作主语。 （3）时态和语态： 根据上下文语境判断动作发生的时间和主被动关系，选择正确的时态和语态。如在讲述生态保护措施实施前后的变化时，可能会用到现在完成时的被动语态，如 “Many forests have been protected in the past few years.” 3.逻辑关系考点 （1）因果关系：考查表示因果关系的词或短语，如 because、since、as、due to、therefore、thus 等。例如 “Due to climate change, many species are facing the risk of extinction.” （2）转折关系：常见的有 but、however、while、although、though 等。如 “Although people have taken some measures to protect the environment, there is still a long way to go.” （3）并列关系：and、or、not only...but also 等词的考查。如 “Protecting wildlife and conserving natural resources are both important for maintaining ecological balance.” （4）递进关系：如 furthermore、moreover、in addition 等。例如 “Recycling can reduce waste. Moreover, it can also save natural resources.” 4.语篇理解考点 （1）主题理解：要求考生理解文章围绕 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 的主题思想，把握文章是在讲述生态保护的重要性、面临的问题还是采取的措施等。 （2）上下文语境：根据上下文线索来推断空格处的内容。比如前文提到某种动物数量减少，后文可能会说采取什么措施来 increase its population。 （3）文化背景知识：涉及一些与自然生态相关的文化背景知识，如某些国家的生态保护政策、特定地区的自然景观特点等。如了解澳大利亚有独特的考拉等珍稀动物，在涉及澳大利亚生态的文章中，就更容易理解相关内容。 四、人与自然-自然生态主题完形填空的解题技巧 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 主题的完形填空解题需要综合运用多种技巧，从整体把握到细节分析，以下是一些实用的解题技巧： 1.快速浏览，把握大意 在开始答题前，快速通读全文，了解文章围绕 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 主题的大致内容，确定文章的主题方向，比如是在讲生态保护的行动、自然环境的变化，还是人与自然的某种关系等，明确文章的整体框架和主旨，为后续答题建立一个宏观的理解基础。 特别留意文章的首段、尾段以及每段的首句，这些地方往往会包含关键信息，有助于快速掌握文章大意。 2.结合语境，分析词汇 （1）利用上下文线索：根据空格前后的句子内容，寻找与选项词汇相关的提示信息。比如，如果前文提到了某种动物的生存环境受到威胁，那么后面提到为了保护它所采取的行动，就可能与改善或保护其栖息地有关，由此可以推断出合适的词汇选项。 （2）考虑词汇搭配：注意词汇的常见搭配和习惯用法。例如，“protect...from...”“preserve the balance of...” 等都是与 “人与自然 - 自然生态” 主题相关的常见搭配，如果选项中出现了涉及这些搭配的词汇，要结合语境判断是否符合。 （3）辨析近义词和形近词：对于意思相近或拼写相似的词汇，要根据语境仔细辨析它们的细微差别。例如 “effect”“affect”“influence” 都有 “影响” 的意思，但 “effect” 通常作名词，“affect” 作动词时更侧重于对情感、情绪等的影响，“influence” 则更强调潜移默化的、长期的影响，要根据具体语境选择合适的词汇。 3.关注语法，判断结构 （1）分析句子成分：确定句子的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，判断空格处需要填入的是名词、动词、形容词还是其他词性的词汇。比如，如果空格在谓语动词的位置，就要根据主语的单复数以及句子的时态、语态来选择合适的动词形式。 （2）注意从句引导词：如果文章中出现了定语从句、状语从句等，要根据从句与先行词或主句的逻辑关系，选择正确的引导词。例如，当先行词是表示地点的名词，且从句中缺少地点状语时，通常用 where 引导定语从句。 （3）检查语法一致性：注意主谓一致、时态一致、代词指代一致等语法规则。比如，当主语是第三人称单数时，一般现在时的动词要加 “s” 或 “es”；如果文章整体时态是一般过去时，那么空格处的动词也通常要用过去式形式。 4.理清逻辑，推理关系 （1）判断句间逻辑：分析句子之间是因果、转折、并列、递进还是其他逻辑关系。例如，“The environment is getting worse. Therefore, we need to take immediate action.” 中，前后句是因果关系，“therefore” 表示结果。根据这种逻辑关系，可以选择合适的连接词或根据已知信息推断出空格处的内容。 （2）把握段落逻辑：段落之间也存在一定的逻辑关系，比如总分、分总、对比等。明确段落之间的逻辑有助于理解文章的整体结构和内容走向，从而更好地解答与段落主旨或段落间衔接相关的题目。 5.代入检查，验证答案 完成所有填空后，将所选答案代入原文，再次通读全文，检查文章在内容、逻辑、语法等方面是否通顺合理。查看是否存在前后矛盾、语法错误或逻辑不连贯的地方，如果有，及时进行调整和修改。 五、人与自然-自然生态主题完形填空的解题技巧 （24-25高二上·浙江绍兴·期中）Cats bring bad luck. Cats cannot be 1 . This is what I was taught when I was growing up. I hated cats. And then I married a woman who was brought up with cats. So it was unavoidable that she would want us to 2 one. My parents-in-law lived with Maggie, a big cat that made me quite 3 . When we used to take our baby daughter to their home, I watched Maggie 4 . Whenever she paced close to my daughter, I ran to ensure that Maggie did not 5 her. My wife always laughed and told me Maggie wouldn’t hurt our daughter. 6 from my wife to possess a cat became greater after we had two more children. Under stress, I finally gave in and 7 . And then Masala came to our home. Our children loved the new “ 8 ”. They played with Masala and even slept with her. At first, I was a bit 9 . I was not sure what would happen next. But slowly I started liking that little creature. We were happy with life. But then, something 10 occurred — my wife was diagnosed with lung cancer. This terrible time was when I came to truly 11 the cat. Masala provided my wife with good 12 . She stayed by my wife’s bedside around the clock. My wife battled the disease bravely but didn’t 13 at last. After my wife died, Masala also 14 me during my darkest days. Her warm welcome after I came home meant a lot to me. Masala helped me 15 my prejudices against cats. She indeed taught me a valuable lesson. 1．A．served B．challenged C．trusted D．judged 2．A．get B．borrow C．access D．exchange 3．A．unfortunate B．unreasonable C．unhealthy D．uncomfortable 4．A．naturally B．closely C．eagerly D．secretly 5．A．approach B．lick C．harm D．impact 6．A．Pressure B．Encouragement C．Prevention D．Dissatisfaction 7．A．understood B．failed C．agreed D．responded 8．A．stranger B．resident C．neighbor D．visitor 9．A．awkward B．stunned C．frustrated D．hesitant 10．A．similar B．typical C．abnormal D．horrible 11．A．know B．love C．care D．honour 12．A．company B．belief C．faith D．hope 13．A．suffer B．struggle C．adapt D．survive 14．A．impressed B．supported C．attracted D．embraced 15．A．give way to B．get down to C．get rid of D．keep track of 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．D 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的个人经历和感受，讲述了作者从讨厌猫到因为妻子的影响和家庭的变化而开始接受并最终爱上猫的过程。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：猫不可信。A. served服务；B. challenged挑战；C. trusted信任；D. judged判断。根据上文“Cats bring bad luck.”以及下文“I hated cats”可知，空处指的是作者认为猫不好的方面。由此可知，空处选“trusted”，指的是猫不可信。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，她希望我们养一只猫，这是不可避免的。A. get得到；B. borrow借用；C. access进入；D. exchange交换。根据上文“And then I married a woman who was brought up with cats.”可知，作者的妻子是在猫的陪伴下长大的，由此可推测，作者的妻子自然想要养猫。故选A。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的岳父岳母和一只名叫Maggie的大猫住在一起，这让我感到很不舒服。A. unfortunate不幸的；B. unreasonable不合理的；C. unhealthy不健康的；D. uncomfortable不舒服的。根据上文“This is what I was taught when I was growing up. I hated cats.”可知，作者讨厌猫，由此可知，看到这只猫作者会感到不舒服。故选D。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们带着年幼的女儿去他们家时，我会密切留意Maggie。A. naturally自然地；B. closely严密地；C. eagerly渴望地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“Whenever she paced close to my daughter, I ran to ensure that Maggie did not ___5___  her.”可知，作者会密切留意Maggie，以防她伤害女儿，因为作者认为猫不可信。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当她靠近我女儿时，我都会赶紧跑过去，确保Maggie不会伤害她。A. approach接近；B. lick舔；C. harm伤害；D. impact影响。根据下文“My wife always laughed and told me Maggie wouldn’t hurt our daughter.”可推测，作者密切关注Maggie是怕她伤害自己年幼的女儿。故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们有了另外两个孩子后，妻子想养猫的压力更大了。A. Pressure压力；B. Encouragement鼓励；C. Prevention预防；D. Dissatisfaction不满。根据下文“Under stress, I finally gave in”可推测，作者的妻子因为想要养猫给了作者一定的压力。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在压力下，我终于妥协并同意了。A. understood理解；B. failed失败；C. agreed同意；D. responded回应。根据上文“I finally gave in”可知，面对压力，作者妥协了，也就是同意了养猫。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的孩子们喜欢这位新来的“居民”。A. stranger陌生人；B. resident居民；C. neighbor邻居；D. visitor访客。根据上文“And then Masala came to our home.”可知，Masala来到了作者家中，也就是说Masala成为了作者家中的新居民、新成员。故选B。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我有点犹豫。A. awkward尴尬的；B. stunned震惊的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据下文“I was not sure what would happen next.”可知，作者起初是感到不太确定，有点犹豫和担心。故选D。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但随后，一件可怕的事情发生了——我的妻子被诊断出患有肺癌。A. similar相似的；B. typical典型的；C. abnormal异常的；D. horrible可怕的。根据下文“my wife was diagnosed with lung cancer.”可知，作者的妻子患上了癌症，这是一件可怕的事情。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是在这段可怕的时期，我真正爱上了这只猫。A. know知道；B. love爱；C. care关心；D. honour尊敬。根据上文“But slowly I started liking that little creature.”可知，之前的相处已经让作者开始喜欢小猫；而根据下文“Masala provided my wife with good　　12　　. She stayed by my wife’s bedside around the clock.”可推测，Masala所给予的陪伴和爱让作者爱上了这只猫。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Masala给了我妻子很好的陪伴。A. company公司、陪伴；B. belief信念；C. faith信仰；D. hope希望。根据下文“She stayed by my wife’s bedside around the clock.”可知，Masala一直陪伴着作者的妻子。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的妻子勇敢地与疾病抗争，但最终还是没能战胜病魔。A. suffer遭受；B. struggle挣扎；C. adapt适应；D. survive幸存。根据下文“After my wife died”可知，作者的妻子最终还是没能战胜疾病，去世了。故选D。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：妻子去世后，Masala也在我最黑暗的日子里给予了我支持。A. impressed使印象深刻；B. supported支持；C. attracted吸引；D. embraced拥抱、接受。根据下文“Her warm welcome after I came home meant a lot to me.”可知，在作者的妻子去世后，Masala从精神上给予了作者关心和支持。故选B。 15．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Masala帮助我消除了对猫的偏见。A. give way to让位于；B. get down to开始做某事；C. get rid of摆脱；D. keep track of跟踪、了解……的动向。根据全文内容可知，作者原本很讨厌猫，但是当作者拥有了Masala，并且感受到了Masala对家人的爱之后，作者彻底消除了对猫的偏见，爱上了Masala。故选C。 （24-25高二上·江苏常州·期中）I find even small things can have an impact on our awareness. My wife, daughter, and I moved into our home nine years ago and we spent a lot of 16 in the yard to get it looking like it does today. We did the best and called this area our ‘rock garden’. Last summer I found a tiny little plant that I could not immediately 17 . I knew I didn’t plant it and Denise 18 that she didn’t either. We decided to let it continue growing until we could 19 what it was. Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the 20 plant, it appeared to be a Sunflower. I decided to baby it along. As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, I noticed something 21 . The Sunflower had not started where I saw the stalk(茎) begin. It 22 had begun under a big rock. That’s when I realized that if a tiny little Sunflower didn’t let a big rock get 23 its way of developing, we too have the 24 of doing the same thing. Once our environment begins to see that we believe in ourselves like that little Sunflower, we can 25 the same nutrition and grow as well. We need to believe in ourselves, 26 we are able to achieve our desires. Like the Sunflower, it knew it could 27 its difficulty because it trusted the Universal Truth and had 28 it would succeed. Stand 29 like the Sunflower and be proud of who and what you are and the environment will begin to 30 you. You will find a way to go under or around your big rock in order to reach your desires. 16．A．energy B．tax C．debt D．career 17．A．forget B．predict C．recognize D．see 18．A．illustrated B．advertised C．demonstrated D．claimed 19．A．make up B．figure out C．put down D．take in 20．A．mysterious B．identical C．outstanding D．realistic 21．A．critical B．unusual C．universal D．accurate 22．A．slowly B．carefully C．actually D．sadly 23．A．in B．on C．off D．along 24．A．curiosity B．capability C．reality D．security 25．A．miss B．pass C．keep D．get 26．A．knowing B．ignoring C．doubting D．wondering 27．A．display B．witness C．investigate D．overcome 28．A．liberty B．responsibility C．faith D．determination 29．A．still B．tall C．safe D．lost 30．A．pay B．challenge C．forgive D．support 【答案】 16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者通过观察家中院子里一株向日葵的生长过程，领悟到相信自己、克服困难的重要性，并鼓励读者也要像向日葵一样，勇敢地面对生活中的挑战，相信自己能够实现愿望。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：九年前，我和妻子、女儿搬进了现在的家，我们在院子里倾注了大量精力，才让它变成了今天的样子。A. energy精力；B. tax税；C. debt债务；D. career职业生涯。根据下文“We did the best and called this area our ‘rock garden’.”可知，作者一家在院子里倾注了大量精力。故选A。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，我发现了一株小巧的植物，但我当时没能立刻认出它是什么。A. forget忘记；B. predict预测；C. recognize认出；D. see看见。根据下文“We decided to let it continue growing until we could 　　4　　 what it was.”可知，作者没有立刻认出这株植物是什么。故选C。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道不是我种的，丹尼斯也声称不是她种的。A. illustrated说明；B. advertised做广告；C. demonstrated证明；D. claimed声称。根据“that she didn’t either.”可知，丹尼斯声称植物不是她种的。故选D。 19．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们决定让它继续生长，直到我们能弄清楚它是什么为止。A. make up编造；B. figure out弄清楚；C. put down放下；D. take in吸收。根据下文“Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the 　　5　　 plant, it appeared to be a Sunflower.”可知，作者和女儿决定弄清楚它是什么植物。故选B。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几周过去了，当我再次走近那株神秘的植物时，它看起来像是一株向日葵。A. mysterious神秘的；B. identical相同的；C. outstanding杰出的；D. realistic现实的。根据上文“I found a tiny little plant that I could not immediately 　　2　　.”可知，作者没认出它是什么植物，因此对他来说，这株植物是神秘的。故选A。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我从那块地方搬开石头以清除杂草时，我注意到了一些不寻常的东西。A. critical关键的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. universal普遍的；D. accurate精确的。根据下文“The Sunflower had not started where I saw the stalk(茎) begin. It 　　7　　 had begun under a big rock.”可知，植物生长的地方是不同寻常的。故选B。 22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它实际上是从一块大石头下面开始生长的。A. slowly缓慢地；B. carefully小心地；C. actually实际上；D. sadly悲伤地。根据“had begun under a big rock.”可知，这株植物实际上是从一块大石头下面开始生长的。故选C。 23．考查介词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我意识到，如果一株小小的向日葵都不让大石头阻挡它生长的道路，那么我们同样也有能力做到这一点。A. in在……里；B. on在……上；C. off离开；D. along沿着。根据上文“ begun under a big rock.”可知，向日葵是从岩石下生长出来的，即它没有让岩石阻挡它生长的道路。get in one’s way为固定搭配，意为“挡了某人的路”。故选A。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. curiosity好奇心；B. capability能力；C. reality现实；D. security安全。根据“That’s when I realized that if a tiny little Sunflower didn’t let a big rock get 　　8　　 its way of developing”可知，作者通过向日葵的生长过程领悟到，人们也有能力像向日葵一样克服困难。故选B。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦我们的周围环境开始看到我们像那株小小的向日葵一样相信自己，我们也能够获得同样的养分并茁壮成长。A. miss错过；B. pass通过；C. keep保持；D. get获得。根据“we believe in ourselves like that little Sunflower”可知，作者认为当我们像向日葵一样相信自己时，我们就能获得同样的营养和成长。故选D。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们需要相信自己，知道自己有能力实现自己的愿望。A. knowing知道；B. ignoring忽视；C. doubting怀疑；D. wondering想知道。根据“We need to believe in ourselves”可知，作者鼓励读者要相信自己能够实现愿望。故选A。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像向日葵一样，它知道自己能够克服困难，因为它相信宇宙的真理，并且坚信自己会成功。A. display展示；B. witness见证；C. investigate调查；D. overcome克服。根据“a tiny little Sunflower didn’t let a big rock get 　　8　　 its way of developing”可知，此处表示克服困难。故选D。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. liberty自由；B. responsibility责任；C. faith信仰，信心；D. determination决心。根据“because it trusted the Universal Truth”可知，向日葵之所以能够克服困难并成功生长，是因为它有信心。故选C。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像向日葵一样站得高高的，为你自己和你是谁感到骄傲，环境就会开始支持你。A. still静止的；B. tall高的；C. safe安全的；D. lost丢失的。根据上文“if a tiny little Sunflower didn’t let a big rock get 　　8　　 its way of developing”可知，向日葵克服困难，茁壮成长，作者鼓励读者要像向日葵一样站得高高的。故选B。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pay支付；B. challenge挑战；C. forgive原谅；D. support支持。根据上文“Stand 　　14　　 like the Sunflower”可知，当读者像向日葵一样站得高高的并为自己感到骄傲时，环境就会开始支持他们。故选D。 （24-25高二上·四川·期中）Kayaking (划皮划艇) is a great way to connect with nature. 31 , kayakers enjoy the natural world from a distance, spotting hidden animals along their 32 . But recently, a man named Dave finished a kayaking trip and found a huge animal much 33 than he ever expected- settling at the back window of his 34 . Dave couldn’t help but do a double take. “He was like, ‘Oh, there’ s a hawk (鹰) in here,’” Raven Ridge Wildlife Center 35 Tracie Young said. Dave popped the tailgate (后挡板) and the top open, 36 that the young red-railed hawk would get the message and 37 . But the bird didn’t move. In need of expert help, Dave 38 Raven Ridge Wildlife Center for assistance. Luckily, one of their capture transport volunteers was already in the area. Using a towel, the 39 animal handler carefully grabbed the hawk from his place in the back of the truck. Then she took him back to the wildlife center for further 40 . Rescuers determined the hawk was thirsty and underweight. They set him up on a healthy 41 and gave him a temporary home in a flight fence with other 42 birds. In time, this little hawk will be 43 again, ready to return to the wild, where he 44 . “He’s doing great,” Young said. “He’ s eating. He just 45 that extra time and push. But he’ll be set free.” 31．A．Originally B．Curiously C．Specially D．Typically 32．A．road B．journey C．line D．railway 33．A．closer B．farther C．slower D．earlier 34．A．store B．motorbike C．truck D．flat 35．A．operator B．waiter C．actor D．rescuer 36．A．hoping B．explaining C．promising D．discovering 37．A．give away B．fly away C．warm up D．wake up 38．A．established B．arranged C．called D．organized 39．A．experienced B．brave C．positive D．polite 40．A．discussion B．advice C．examination D．research 41．A．climate B．diet C．lifestyle D．environment 42．A．attacked B．saved C．lost D．frightened 43．A．comfortable B．safe C．reliable D．strong 44．A．falls B．sleeps C．belongs D．rests 45．A．approached B．extended C．judged D．needed 【答案】 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．D 36．A 37．B 38．C 39．A 40．C 41．B 42．B 43．D 44．C 45．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dave在完成皮划艇旅行后，意外发现一只红尾鹰在他的卡车后窗上，随后他寻求专业帮助并成功救助了这只鹰的故事。 31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常，皮划艇运动者会在旅途中从远处欣赏自然世界，发现沿途隐藏的动物。A. Originally起初；B. Curiously好奇地；C. Specially特别地；D. Typically通常。根据上文“Kayaking is a great way to connect with nature”可知，通常划皮划艇时，人们都是从远处欣赏自然。故选D。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. road公路；B. journey旅程；C. line线条；D. railway铁路。根据上文“kayakers enjoy the natural world from a distance”可知，此处在讲述划皮划艇时沿途的风景。故选B。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是最近，一名叫戴夫的男子完成了一次皮划艇之旅，却发现了一只比他预期中近得多的巨大动物——它正蜷缩在他卡车的后窗上。A. closer更近的；B. farther更远的；C. slower更慢的；D. earlier更早的。根据下文“settling at the back window of his 　　4　　”可知，这只鹰比Dave想象中要近得多。故选A。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. store商店；B. motorbike摩托车；C. truck卡车；D. flat公寓。根据下文“Dave popped the tailgate and the top open”可知，Dave打开后门和车顶，由此可推测此处指的是卡车。故选C。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他就像在说，‘哦，这里有一只鹰，’”雷文岭野生动物保护中心的救援人员特蕾西·杨说道。A. operator接线员；B. waiter服务员；C. actor演员；D. rescuer救援人员。根据下文“Raven Ridge Wildlife Center”，可知，此处指的是雷文岭野生动物中心的救援人员。故选D。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：戴夫打开尾门和车顶，希望这只年幼的红尾鹰能领会到他的意思，然后飞走。A. hoping希望；B. explaining解释；C. promising承诺；D. discovering发现。根据“Dave popped the tailgate (后挡板) and the top open”可知，戴夫希望这只鹰能明白自己的意思然后飞走。故选A。 37．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. give away赠送；B. fly away飞走；C. warm up热身；D. wake up醒来。根据下文“But the bird didn’t move.”可知，戴夫希望这只鹰能飞走。故选B。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：戴夫需要专家的帮助，于是致电雷文岭野生动物保护中心寻求协助。A. established建立；B. arranged安排；C. called打电话；D. organized组织。根据上文“In need of expert help”和下文“Raven Ridge Wildlife Center for assistance”可知，Dave给雷文岭野生动物中心打电话求助。故选C。 39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位经验丰富的动物管理员用一条毛巾小心翼翼地从卡车后部将鹰抓住。A. experienced有经验的；B. brave勇敢的；C. positive积极的；D. polite有礼貌的。根据下文“carefully grabbed the hawk from his place in the back of the truck”可知，这是一位有经验的动物管理员。故选A。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，她将它带回野生动物保护中心进行进一步检查。A. discussion讨论；B. advice建议；C. examination检查；D. research研究。根据下文“Rescuers determined the hawk was thirsty and underweight”可知，救援人员确定鹰很渴，体重过轻，由此可知，此处指的是把鹰带回野生动物中心做进一步的检查。故选C。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们为这只鹰安排了健康的饮食，并在一个飞行围栏内为它和其他被救助的鸟类提供了一个临时的家。A. climate气候；B. diet饮食；C. lifestyle生活方式；D. environment环境。根据上文“Rescuers determined the hawk was thirsty and underweight”可知，此处指的是救援人员为鹰安排健康的饮食。故选B。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. attacked攻击；B. saved拯救；C. lost丢失；D. frightened害怕。根据上文“gave him a temporary home in a flight fence”可知，在飞行围栏里给它一个临时的家，结合语境和选项可知，此处指的是和其他被救的鸟一起。故选B。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，这只小鹰将会再次变得强壮，准备好回到它本应归属的野外。A. comfortable舒服的；B. safe安全的；C. reliable可靠的；D. strong强壮的。根据上文“Rescuers determined the hawk was thirsty and underweight”以及“ready to return to the wild”准备返回野外”可知，这只鹰会变得强壮起来，然后返回野外。故选D。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. falls落下；B. sleeps睡觉；C. belongs属于；D. rests休息。根据下文“But he’ll be set free.”可知，这只鹰属于野外。故选C。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它只是需要额外的时间和推动力。A. approached接近；B. extended延伸；C. judged判断；D. needed需要。根据上文“He’s eating”可知，他正在吃东西，由此可知，此处想要表达的是它只是需要多一点时间和帮助。故选D。 （24-25高二上·山东济宁·期中）My story with my cat started many years ago, and now I have to prepare to bid farewell to her. It was 2003 and a childhood 46 was stationed at Fort Bragg, in North Carolina where she was in the 82nd Airborne Division(空降师). She was done jumping out of planes for the day, 47 the base, when she heard meowing coming from a warehouse. Inside, she 48 a stray(流浪的) cat, proud but dirty, and decided to take her home. Soon, the cat was 49 . One day, my friend e-mailed me a photograph of the little lovely kittens, arranged on her laps. She 50 , “Don’t you want to have them?” A few weeks later, the kittens were 51 onto the back seat of a Jeep and driven north. Two were dropped off at my parents’ house, and one with me at my studio apartment. The family 52 that these were military-grade cats, since their mom was from the base! Unknowingly, I became 53 to my cat. She always leaned on my forearm the moment I told her the 54 of us: I described the apartments we’d lived in, the friends we’d met, and the sunsets we’d witnessed together. Almost every morning, I 55 with her soft paws rubbing against my face. Her bright eyes 56 my heart and her shock-white belly in the room was the best 57 throughout my day. Twenty-one years later, mine is the 58 one standing. The cat is very sick, so I know a 59 is at hand. Comedy is tragedy plus time. That’s the rule. 60 , I think there’s a lesson here about “nurture” — to appreciate and treasure every moment of love, care, and companionship we have shared. 46．A．teacher B．neighbor C．friend D．classmate 47．A．heading off B．setting up C．arriving at D．breaking into 48．A．removed B．identified C．spotted D．adopted 49．A．restless B．injured C．troublesome D．pregnant 50．A．insisted B．added C．declared D．explained 51．A．stuffed B．thrown C．handed D．loaded 52．A．sighed B．joked C．admitted D．argued 53．A．attached B．exposed C．devoted D．limited 54．A．emotion B．lesson C．story D．theme 55．A．wept B．waited C．whispered D．woke 56．A．felt B．hardened C．shot D．melted 57．A．sight B．impression C．signal D．image 58．A．first B．cutest C．last D．youngest 59．A．delivery B．separation C．reunion D．celebration 60．A．Personally B．Constantly C．Immediately D．Obviously 【答案】 46．C 47．A 48．C 49．D 50．B 51．D 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．D 56．D 57．A 58．C 59．B 60．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只来自军事基地的流浪猫成为作者宠物的故事，以及二十一年间她们共同经历的点滴，表达了作者对即将离世的猫咪深厚的情感。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是2003年，一位儿时的朋友驻扎在北卡罗来纳州的布拉格堡，她是在那里的第82空降师。A. teacher老师；B. neighbor邻居；C. friend朋友；D. classmate同学。根据后文“One day, my friend e-mailed me a photograph of the little lovely kittens, arranged on her laps.”可知，有一天，朋友给作者发了一张可爱小猫的照片，所以此处指作者的一个朋友驻扎在布拉格堡。故选C。 47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她从飞机上跳下来准备离开基地时，她听到了从仓库传来的喵喵声。A. heading off离开；B. setting up建立；C. arriving at到达；D. breaking into闯入。根据后文“when she heard meowing coming from a warehouse”可知，此处指朋友在离开基地时听到猫叫声。故选A。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在里面，她发现一只流浪猫，这只猫看起来很骄傲但很脏，于是她决定把她带回家。A. removed移除；B. identified确认；C. spotted发现；D. adopted收养。根据上文“when she heard meowing coming from a warehouse”以及后文“a stray(流浪的) cat, proud but dirty”可知，此处指听到从仓库传来的喵喵的叫声后，她在仓库里发现了一只猫。故选C。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，这只猫就怀孕了。A. restless不安的；B. injured受伤的；C. troublesome麻烦的；D. pregnant怀孕的。根据后文“One day, my friend e-mailed me a photograph of the little lovely kittens”可知，朋友给作者发了一张小猫咪的照片，说明这些是这只猫的孩子，此处说明这只猫怀孕了。故选D。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还补充道：“难道你不想养一只吗？”A. insisted坚持；B. added补充说；C. declared宣布；D. explained解释。根据前文“One day, my friend e-mailed me a photograph of the little lovely kittens, arranged on her laps.”及后文“Don’t you want to have them?”可知，朋友给作者发了一张小猫咪的照片并问作者想不想养一只，这是朋友在照片的基础上补充的一句话。故选B。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，小猫咪们被装载到吉普车的后座上，然后向北驶去。 A. stuffed塞满；B. thrown扔；C. handed传递；D. loaded装载，装入。根据后文“onto the back seat of a Jeep”可知，此处指小猫咪们被装载到吉普车的后座上。故选D。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家人开玩笑说，这些都是军用级别的猫，因为它们的妈妈是从基地来的！A. sighed叹息；B. joked开玩笑；C. admitted承认；D. argued争论。根据后文“these were military-grade cats, since their mom was from the base”可知，此处是指家人的玩笑话，因为这些小猫的妈妈是来自军事基地，因此开玩笑说这些猫都是军用级别的猫。故选B。 53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我喜欢上了我的猫。A. attached非常喜欢……的，附属于，依恋的；B. exposed无遮蔽的，易受攻击（或批评）的；C. devote 忠诚的，全心全意的；D. limited 有限的。根据后文“She always leaned on my forearm the moment I told her the ____9____ of us: I described the apartments we’d lived in, the friends we’d met, and the sunsets we’d witnessed together.”可知，作者给猫咪讲述故事时，猫咪总是靠在作者的前臂上，说明作者和猫咪的关系变得亲密，非常喜欢这只猫，attached to“依恋，喜欢上”符合语境。故选A。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我告诉她我们的故事时，她总是靠在我的前臂上：我描述了我们住过的公寓，遇到的朋友，以及我们一起见证的日落。A. emotion情感；B. lesson教训；C. story故事；D. theme主题。根据后文“I described the apartments we’d lived in, the friends we’d met, and the sunsets we’d witnessed together.”可知，作者告诉猫咪她们一起经历过的故事。故选C。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几乎每天早上，我都是在她柔软的爪子轻抚我的脸庞中醒来。A. wept哭泣；B. waited等待；C. whispered低语；D. woke醒来。根据前文“Almost every morning”可知，本句描述每天早上醒来的情景。故选D。 56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她明亮的眼睛融化了我的心，她在房间里雪白的肚子是我一天中看到的最美的景象。A. felt感觉；B. hardened变硬；C. shot射击；D. melted融化。根据句意以及下文“my heart”由此可知，此处应表示她明亮的眼睛融化了我的心。故选D项。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她明亮的眼睛融化了我的心，她在房间里雪白的肚子是我一天中看到的最美的景象。A. sight景象；B. impression印象；C. signal信号；D. image图像。根据前文“her shock-white belly in the room was the best”及后文“throughout my day”可知，此处指猫咪雪白的肚子是作者一天中看到的最美的景象。故选A。 58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：二十一年后，我的是最后一个还能站着的。A. first第一，首要的；B. cutest最可爱的；C. last最后的；D. youngest最年轻的。根据前文“Twenty-one years later, mine is the”可知，21年过去了，作者的猫是最后一只活着的猫。故选C。 59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：猫咪病得很重，所以我知道分离就在眼前。A. delivery递送；B. separation分离；C. reunion重聚；D. celebration庆祝。根据前文“The cat is very sick”可知，作者和猫咪相处了二十一年，现在猫咪病得很重，快死了，所以作者知道分离的时刻就要到了。故选B。 60．考查副词词义辨析。句意：就我个人而言，我认为这里有一个关于“养育”的教训——珍惜和珍惜我们分享的每一刻的爱，关心和陪伴。A. Personally就本人而言，亲自；B. Constantly不断地；C. Immediately立刻；D. Obviously显然。根据后文“I think there’s a lesson here about “nurture””可知，此处是作者的个人观点，用 Personally“个人而言”符合语境。故选A。 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期中）One day, I was standing on the boat when a very large female leopard seal swam by. I put on my diving gear and got my camera. I was 61 . My mouth was dry. At first, I couldn’t even move. But I knew it was time to 62 this mysterious creature. I jumped into the freezing water. Immediately, the seal swam toward me. Then she put my entire camera — and much of my 63 — into her mouth. Although the seal was putting me at risk, I tried not to 64 any fear. After a few seconds, she let go of my head. She 65 me a few more times and swam away. Then she 66 with a live penguin. She even tried to show me how to 67 it. She tried to push the penguin into my camera — she thought the camera was my 68 ! The seal thought I was just another large animal, and she was trying to 69 me, I realized. By now, she didn’t seem very 70 . She stayed by me for four days. One time, she noticed another leopard seal 71 behind me. She made a deep, threatening sound and 72 the other seal away. Those four days were the most incredible experience I ever had as a wildlife 73 . I got some amazing pictures. I also learned that animals do not always behave the way we 74 . My relationship with this powerful and 75 animal will stay with me forever. 61．A．enthusiastic B．amused C．frightened D．cautious 62．A．rescue B．approach C．hunt D．treat 63．A．head B．leg C．neck D．body 64．A．arouse B．feel C．overcome D．reveal 65．A．threatened B．fought C．confused D．disturbed 66．A．stayed B．disappeared C．competed D．returned 67．A．eat B．digest C．injure D．seize 68．A．eyes B．mouth C．stomach D．nose 69．A．adopt B．discipline C．feed D．observe 70．A．dangerous B．powerful C．gentle D．sensitive 71．A．come back B．come across C．come up D．come over 72．A．directed B．drove C．waved D．took 73．A．painter B．manager C．photographer D．advocate 74．A．work B．demand C．react D．expect 75．A．accessible B．intelligent C．anxious D．Primitive 【答案】 61．C 62．B 63．A 64．D 65．A 66．D 67．A 68．B 69．C 70．A 71．C 72．B 73．C 74．D 75．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与一只豹纹海豹在水下的互动经历，展示了海豹的友好行为和作者的深刻感悟。 61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到害怕。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. amused觉得好笑的；C. frightened害怕的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据下文的“My mouth was dry. At first, I couldn’t even move.”可知，面对巨大的海豹，作者感到非常害怕。故选C。 62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我意识到是时候接近这只神秘的生物了。A. rescue救援；B. approach接近；C. hunt狩猎；D. treat对待。根据下文“I jumped into the freezing water. Immediately, the seal swam toward me.”可知，作者决定去接近和拍摄海豹，故选B。 63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她把我的整个相机和大部分头部都放进了嘴里。A. head头；B. leg腿；C. neck脖子；D. body身体。根据下文“She let go of my head.”可知，海豹把作者的头部放进了嘴里。故选A。 64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管海豹让我处于危险之中，我尽量不表现出任何恐惧。A. arouse引起；B. feel感觉；C. overcome克服；D. reveal揭露，显露。根据上文“Although the seal was putting me at risk, I tried not to”可知，此处与上文构成转折，此处指作者试图保持镇静，不表现出害怕。故选D。 65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她又威胁了我几次，就游走了。A. threatened威胁；B. fought战斗；C. confused使困惑；D. disturbed打扰。根据上文“Then she put my entire camera — and much of my 3 — into her mouth. Although the seal was putting me at risk, I tried not to 4 any fear. After a few seconds, she let go of my head.”和下文“She made a deep, threatening sound”可知，海豹把作者的整个相机和大部分头部都放进了嘴里，但是没有对作者造成伤害，只是威胁作者。故选A。 66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她带着一只活企鹅回来了。A. stayed停留；B. disappeared消失；C. competed竞争；D. returned返回。根据上文“swam away”和下文“with a live penguin. She even tried to show me how to 7 it.”可知，海豹离开了片刻后带着一只企鹅回来。故选D。 67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚至试图向我展示如何吃企鹅。A. eat吃；B. digest消化；C. injure伤害；D. seize捕获。根据上文“Then she 6 with a live penguin. She even tried to show me how to”和下文“She tried to push the penguin into my camera — she thought the camera was my 8 !”可知，海豹试图向作者展示如何吃企鹅。故选A。 68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她试图把企鹅推到我的镜头里——她以为镜头是我的嘴巴！A. eyes眼睛；B. mouth嘴；C. stomach胃；D. nose鼻子。根据上文“She tried to push the penguin into my camera — she thought the camera was my”可知，海豹误以为相机镜头是作者的嘴，所以才试图把企鹅推到作者的镜头里。故选B。 69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，海豹以为我是另一只大型动物，并试图喂我。A. adopt收养；B. discipline训练；C. feed喂，喂养；D. observe观察。根据上文“She tried to push the penguin into my camera — she thought the camera was my 8 ! The seal thought I was just another large animal, and she was trying to”可知，海豹误以为相机镜头是作者的嘴，试图把企鹅推到作者的镜头里，显然是想喂作者。故选C。 70．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，她看起来不再那么危险了。A. dangerous危险的；B. powerful强大的；C. gentle温和的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据上文“The seal thought I was just another large animal, and she was trying to 8 me, I realized.”可知，海豹以为作者是另一只大型动物，并试图喂作者，海豹的行为变得友好，不再显得有威胁，看起来不再那么危险了。故选A。 71．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一次，她注意到另一只豹纹海豹在我身后出现。A. come back回来；B. come across偶遇；C. come up走近，出现；D. come over过来。根据下文“behind me”可知，海豹注意到另一只海豹靠近，在作者身后出现。故选C。 72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她发出深沉的威胁声，并驱赶那只海豹离开。A. directed指导；B. drove驱赶；C. waved挥手；D. took带走。根据上文“She made a deep, threatening sound and”和下文“the other seal away”可知，海豹发出威胁声并驱赶另一只海豹。故选B。 73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那四天是我作为一名野生动物摄影师经历过的最不可思议的经历。A. painter画家；B. manager经理；C. photographer摄影师；D. advocate倡导者。根据下文“I got some amazing pictures.”可知，作者是一名摄影师。故选C。 74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还了解到，动物的行为并不总是像我们预期的那样。A. work工作；B. demand要求；C. react反应；D. expect期望。根据上文“She tried to push the penguin into my camera — she thought the camera was my 8 ! The seal thought I was just another large animal, and she was trying to 9 me, I realized.”及“I also learned that animals do not always behave the way we”可知，作者发现动物的行为出乎意料。故选D。 75．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我与这只强大而聪明的动物的关系将永远留在我的心中。A. accessible可接近的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. primitive原始的。根据“She tried to push the penguin into my camera — she thought the camera was my 8 ! The seal thought I was just another large animal, and she was trying to 9 me, I realized.”及“I also learned that animals do not always behave the way we”可知，海豹展示出聪明的一面。故选B。 （23-24高二上·广西贵港·期末）Dressed in a kachhad, a traditional Nepalese clothes, Umesh Balal walked into his meetings at the 28th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28) on climate change in Dubai with a sense of determination, Balal, who has physical disability, was there to publicly 76 inclusion of disability rights in the climate change conference an aspect that he said has long been 77 by organizers of the world’s largest annual meeting on climate issues. As a student, Balal was 78 about science and involved himself in research on environmental science. Those were his first few interactions that 79 the climate related issues to him. Being from a mountainous region, Balal 80 more about how climate change had 81 people there, which led him to develop climate anxiety. The more Balan 82 himself to climate science, the more he learned about the impact of climate change. People with more resources have better chances of 83 the climate crisis. But the less developed countries, for the 84 communities, usually don’t have the same opportunities, which will push them further into the 85 . And it is even harder for people with 86 . Many people with disabilities in Nepal don’t have 87 to proper education or opportunities for growth. As a result, they aren’t able to advocate for their rights. In an interview, Balan said, “ 88 , I am honored that I come from a supportive family, where I had a chance of good education which 89 me to grow in life. This is what I 90 for others, to change the way they live their lives.” 76．A．support B．achieve C．control D．whisper 77．A．respected B．invested C．ignored D．issued 78．A．anxious B．relaxed C．worried D．curious 79．A．sold B．lent C．introduced D．awarded 80．A．brought B．knew C．complained D．quarreled 81．A．affected B．prepared C．organized D．admitted 82．A．devoted B．changed C．limited D．helped 83．A．relying on B．coping with C．referring to D．resulting from 84．A．warmer B．cleaner C．quieter D．poorer 85．A．gentleness B．relish C．crisis D．evolution 86．A．rights B．degrees C．disabilities D．advertisements 87．A．objection B．access C．attention D．apology 88．A．Fortunately B．Secretly C．Similarly D．Naturally 89．A．forced B．ordered C．warned D．allowed 90．A．resist B．want C．cheer D．expand 【答案】 76．A 77．C 78．D 79．C 80．B 81．A 82．A 83．B 84．D 85．C 86．C 87．B 88．A 89．D 90．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在迪拜举行的第28届联合国气候变化大会（COP28）上，穿着尼泊尔传统服装kachhad的Umesh Balal带着坚定的决心走进会场，公开支持将残疾人权利纳入气候变化会议。 76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Balal有身体残疾，他在那里公开支持将残疾人权利纳入气候变化会议，他说，长期以来，世界上最大的气候问题年度会议的组织者一直忽视了这一点。A. support支持；B. achieve取得；C. control控制；D. whisper低语。根据上文“Balal, who has physical disability”可知，Balal有身体残疾，因此他在联合国气候大会上公开支持将残疾人权利纳入气候变化会议。故选A。 77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Balal有身体残疾，他在那里公开支持将残疾人权利纳入气候变化会议，他说，长期以来，世界上最大的气候问题年度会议的组织者一直忽视了这一点。A. respected尊敬；B. invested投资；C. ignored忽视；D. issued发行。根据上文“was there to publicly ____1____ inclusion of disability rights in the climate change conference”和第12空后的“As a result, they aren’t able to advocate for their rights.”可知，残疾人权利在世界上最大的气候问题年度会议一直被忽视。故选C。 78．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名学生，Balal对科学充满好奇，并参与了环境科学的研究。A. anxious焦虑的；B. relaxed放松的；C. worried担心的；D. curious好奇的。根据下文“involved himself in research on environmental science”可知，Balal对科学感到好奇。故选D。 79．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是他第一次接触到气候相关的问题。A. sold卖；B. lent借出；C. introduced介绍；D. awarded授予。根据上文“involved himself in research on environmental science.”可知，参与环境科学的研究向他介绍了与气候有关的问题。故选C。 80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于来自山区，Balal更了解气候变化如何影响那里的人们，这使他产生了气候焦虑。A. brought带来；B. knew知道；C. complained抱怨；D. quarreled吵架。根据上文“Being from a mountainous region”可知，来自山区使他更了解气候变化如何影响那里的人们。故选B。 81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于来自山区，Balal更了解气候变化如何影响那里的人们，这使他产生了气候焦虑。A. affected影响；B. prepared准备；C. organized组织；D. admitted承认。根据下文“which led him to develop climate anxiety.”可知，气候变化影响到人们的生活，这使他产生了气候焦虑。故选A。 82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Balal越是投身于气候科学，他就越了解气候变化的影响。A. devoted致力；B. changed改变；C. limited限制；D. helped帮助。根据上文“involved himself in research on environmental science”和下文“himself to climate science”可知，Balal致力于气候科学。故选A。 83．考查动词短语辨析。句意：拥有更多资源的人更有可能应对气候危机。A. relying on依靠；B. coping with应对；C. referring to指的是；D. resulting from由……引起。根据上文“People with more resources have better chances”可知，拥有更多资源的人更能应对气候危机。故选B。 84．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但欠发达国家，对于较贫穷的社区来说，通常没有同样的机会，这将使他们进一步陷入危机。A. warmer更温暖的；B. cleaner更干净的；C. quieter更安静的；D. poorer更穷的。根据上文“But the less developed countries”可知，此处指较为贫穷的社区。故选D。 85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但欠发达国家，对于较贫穷的社区来说，通常没有同样的机会，这将使他们进一步陷入危机。A. gentleness温顺；B. relish享受；C. crisis危机；D. evolution进化。根据上文“People with more resources have better chances of ____8____ the climate crisis.”可知，此处是信息词crisis的词汇复现，句子表示“对于较贫穷的社区来说，通常没有同样的机会，这将使他们进一步陷入危机”。故选C。 86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于残疾人来说，这就更难了。A. rights权利；B. degrees学位；C. disabilities残疾；D. advertisements广告。根据下文“Many people with disabilities in Nepal don’t have ____12____ to proper education or opportunities for growth.”可知，此处指残疾人。故选C。 87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尼泊尔的许多残疾人无法获得适当的教育或成长机会。A. objection反对；B. access入口，通道；C. attention注意力；D. apology道歉。根据下文“opportunities for growth”可知，此处指许多残疾人无法获得适当的教育，have access to为固定搭配，意为“有权使用”。故选B。 88．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我很荣幸我来自一个支持我的家庭，在那里我有机会接受良好的教育，这让我在生活中成长。A. Fortunately幸运的是；B. Secretly秘密地；C. Similarly相似地；D. Naturally自然地。根据下文“I am honored that I come from a supportive family,”可知，Babal得到家人支持，有机会接受良好的教育，是幸运的。故选A。 89．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我很荣幸我来自一个支持我的家庭，在那里我有机会接受良好的教育，这让我在生活中成长。A. forced强迫；B. ordered命令；C. warned警告；D. allowed允许。根据上文“I am honored that I come from a supportive family, where I had a chance of good education”可知，受到良好的教育允许Babal在生活中成长。故选D。 90．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望别人也能这样，改变他们的生活方式。A. resist抵抗；B. want想要；C. cheer欢呼，喝彩；D. expand扩展。根据下文“to change the way they live their lives.”可知，改变他人的生活方式是Babal想做的事。故选B。 （23-24高二上·广东潮州·期末）In the last 100 years, the global temperature has gone up by around 0.75℃. Such a small increase is causing sea levels to rise and 91 the habitat of many species of plants and animals. A(n) 92 of 2℃ in global temperatures could result in 93 of 30% of the world’s land species. Sea levels in the UK have increased by around 10 cm in the last 100 years and experts 94 that global sea levels could rise by up to 59 cm in the near future. 95 , areas which were land a few hundred years ago are now under water. As a result of the changing 96 , the world’s ecosystems are also changing faster than ever before. So what is 97 climate change? The main cause of climate change is the huge amount of greenhouse gases like CO2 in the atmosphere, but the reason for this is the world’s population — you and me. As the 98 increases, more land is needed to provide food, and more energy is 99 too. Burning fossil fuels for heating, lighting, transport, or electricity 100 CO2. Furthermore, humans breathe out CO2 and trees “breathe in” CO2 and produce oxygen — so by 101 trees, we are increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and reducing the amount of oxygen. As a result of these 102 , CO2 levels are now at their highest for 800,000 years. The biggest 103 we all face is to prevent further environmental disasters. We need to 104 burning fossil fuels and start using renewable energy. If we can get enough 105 from renewable fuels, we can stop using fossil fuels completely. 91．A．attacking B．ignoring C．threatening D．discovering 92．A．limitation B．reduction C．increase D．improvement 93．A．extinction B．escape C．change D．development 94．A．argue B．explain C．doubt D．predict 95．A．Surprisingly B．Consequently C．Immediately D．Usually 96．A．climate B．height C．period D．environment 97．A．forcing B．allowing C．causing D．helping 98．A．animal B．species C．plants D．population 99．A．wasted B．needed C．supplied D．stored 100．A．produces B．includes C．requires D．provides 101．A．transporting to B．searching for C．planting in D．cutting down 102．A．questions B．activities C．procedures D．disasters 103．A．challenge B．disadvantage C．adventure D．influence 104．A．consider B．deny C．stop D．hate 105．A．time B．energy C．inspiration D．knowledge 【答案】 91．C 92．C 93．A 94．D 95．B 96．A 97．C 98．D 99．B 100．A 101．D 102．B 103．A 104．C 105．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化对全球生态系统的影响和引起气候变化的原因。 91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如此微小的上升正在导致海平面上升，并威胁到许多动植物的栖息地。A. attacking攻击；B. ignoring忽视；C. threatening威胁；D. discovering发现。根据上文“causing sea levels to rise and”可知，海平面上升威胁到了许多动植物的栖息地。故选C。 92．考查名词词义辨析。句意：全球气温每升高2℃，就可能导致世界上30%的陆地物种灭绝。A. limitation限制；B. reduction减少；C. increase升高；D. improvement改善。根据上文“In the last 100 years, the global temperature has gone up by around 0.75℃.(在过去的100年里，全球气温上升了大约0.75℃)”可知，此处指全球气温升高的影响。故选C。 93．考查名词词义辨析。句意：全球气温每升高2℃，就可能导致世界上30%的陆地物种灭绝。A. extinction灭绝；B. escape逃走；C. change改变；D. development发展。根据上文“the habitat of many species of plants and animals.”提到了海平面上升威胁到许多动植物的栖息地，由此可知，气温升高会导致物种灭绝。故选A。 94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的100年里，英国的海平面上升了大约10厘米，专家们预测，在不久的将来，全球海平面可能会上升59厘米。A. argue争论；B. explain解释；C. doubt怀疑；D. predict预测。根据后文“that global sea levels could rise by up to 59 cm in the near future”可知，此处是专家的预测：在不久的将来，全球海平面可能会上升59厘米。故选D。 95．考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果，几百年前还是陆地的地区现在都被水淹没了。A. Surprisingly惊人地；B. Consequently结果；C. Immediately立即；D. Usually通常。上文“Sea levels in the UK have increased by around 10 cm in the last 100 years”提到在过去的100年里，英国的海平面上升了大约10厘米，因此结果就是几百年前还是陆地的地区现在都被水淹没了。故选B。 96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于气候变化，世界生态系统的变化也比以往任何时候都要快。A. climate气候；B. height高度；C. period时期；D. environment环境。根据后文“the world’s ecosystems are also changing faster than ever before”可知，生态系统变化是因为气候在发生变化，后文“climate change”也给出了提示。故选A。 97．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么是什么导致了气候变化呢？A. forcing迫使；B. allowing允许；C. causing导致；D. helping帮助。根据后文“The main cause of climate change”可知，此处问的是：是什么导致了气候变化。故选C。 98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着人口的增长，需要更多的土地来提供食物，同时也需要更多的能源。A. animal动物；B. species物种；C. plants植物；D. population人口。根据上文“The main cause of climate change is the huge amount of greenhouse gases like CO2 in the atmosphere, but the reason for this is the world’s population — you and me.(气候变化的主要原因是大气中大量的二氧化碳等温室气体，但其原因是世界人口——你和我)”可知，此处指人口的增长。故选D。 99．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着人口的增长，需要更多的土地来提供食物，同时也需要更多的能源。A. wasted浪费；B. needed需要；C. supplied供应；D. stored储存。根据上文“more land is needed to provide food, and more energy is”可知，随着人口的增长，需要更多的土地来提供食物，同时也需要更多的能源。故选B。 100．考查动词词义辨析。句意：燃烧化石燃料取暖、照明、运输或发电会产生二氧化碳。A. produces产生；B. includes包含；C. requires需要；D. provides提供。根据上文“Burning fossil fuels for heating, lighting, transport, or electricity”以及常识，燃烧化石燃料会产生二氧化碳。故选A。 101．考查动词短语辨析。句意：此外，人类呼出二氧化碳，树木“吸入”二氧化碳并产生氧气——因此，通过砍伐树木，我们增加了大气中的二氧化碳含量，减少了氧气含量。A. transporting to运送到；B. searching for寻找；C. planting in种植；D. cutting down砍伐。根据后文“trees, we are increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and reducing the amount of oxygen.”可知，我们增加了大气中的二氧化碳含量，是因为砍伐森林。故选D。 102．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为这些活动的结果，二氧化碳水平现在达到了80万年来的最高水平。A. questions问题；B. activities活动；C. procedures程序；D. disasters灾难。根据语境可知，上文主要列举了人口增加、燃烧化石燃料、砍伐森林等人类的一系列活动，导致了二氧化碳增加。故选B。 103．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们所有人面临的最大挑战是防止进一步的环境灾难。A. challenge挑战；B. disadvantage缺点；C. adventure冒险；D. influence影响。根据后文“we all face is to prevent further environmental disasters”可知，防止进一步的环境灾难是人们面临的最大挑战。故选A。 104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们需要停止燃烧化石燃料，开始使用可再生能源。A. consider考虑；B. deny否认；C. stop停止；D. hate讨厌。根据后文“we can stop using fossil fuels completely”指需要停止燃烧化石燃料，开始使用可再生能源。故选C。 105．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们能从可再生燃料中获得足够的能量，我们就能完全停止使用化石燃料。A. time时间；B. energy能量；C. inspiration鼓舞；D. knowledge知识。根据后文“from renewable fuels”可知，从燃料中获得的是能量。故选B。 （23-24高二上·山西忻州·期末）Dressed in a kachhad, a traditional Nepalese clothes, Umesh Balal walked into his meetings at the 28th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28) on climate change in Dubai with a sense of determination. Balal, who has physical disability, was there to publicly 106 inclusion of disability rights in the climate change conference, an aspect that he said has long been 107 by organizers of the world’s largest annual meeting on climate issues. As a student, Balal was 108 about science and involved himself in research on environmental science. Those were his first few interactions that 109 the climate related issues to him. Being from a mountainous region, Balal 110 more about how climate change had 111 people there, which led him to develop climate anxiety. The more Balan 112 himself to climate science, the more he learned about the impact of climate change. People with more resources have better chances of 113 the climate crisis. But the less developed countries, for the 114 communities, usually don’t have the same opportunities, which will push them further into the 115 And it is even harder for people with 116 . Many people with disabilities in Nepal don’t have 117 to proper education or opportunities for growth. As a result, they aren’t able to advocate for their rights.   In an interview, Balan said, “ 118 , I am honored that I come from a supportive family, where I had a chance of good education which 119 me to grow in life. This is what I 120 for others, to change the way they live their lives.” 106．A．control B．achieve C．support D．measure 107．A．ignored B．studied C．respected D．issued 108．A．anxious B．particular C．worried D．curious 109．A．sold B．lent C．introduced D．awarded 110．A．brought B．knew C．complained D．quarreled 111．A．affected B．prepared C．organized D．admitted 112．A．devoted B．changed C．limited D．helped 113．A．comparing with B．coping with C．differing from D．resulting from 114．A．warmer B．cleaner C．poorer D．quieter 115．A．confidence B．calmness C．honesty D．crisis 116．A．rights B．disabilities C．degrees D．advertisements 117．A．objection B．attention C．access D．gratitude 118．A．Fortunately B．Secretly C．Similarly D．Naturally 119．A．forced B．ordered C．warned D．allowed 120．A．occupy B．want C．cheer D．blame 【答案】 106．C 107．A 108．D 109．C 110．B 111．A 112．A 113．B 114．C 115．D 116．B 117．C 118．A 119．D 120．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了在迪拜举行的第28届联合国气候变化大会(COP28)上，穿着尼泊尔传统服装kachhad的乌梅什•巴拉尔(Umesh Balal)带着坚定的决心走进会场，公开支持将残疾人权利纳入气候变化会议。 106．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Balal有身体残疾，他在那里公开支持将残疾人权利纳入气候变化会议，他说，长期以来，世界上最大的气候问题年度会议的组织者一直忽视了这一点。A. control控制；B. achieve获得；C. support支持；D. measure测量。根据“Balal, who has physical disability”可知，Balal有身体残疾，因此他在联合国气候大会上公开支持将残疾人权利纳入气候变化会议。故选C。 107．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. ignored忽视；B. studied研究；C. respected尊重；D. issued发表。根据“was there to publicly 　　1　　 inclusion of disability rights in the climate change conference”和下文“As a result, they aren’t able to advocate for their rights.”可知，残疾人权利在世界上最大的气候问题年度会议一直被忽视。故选A。 108．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名学生，Balal对科学充满好奇，并参与了环境科学的研究。A. anxious焦虑的；B. particular特殊的；C. worried担心的；D. curious好奇的。根据“involved himself in research on environmental science.”可知，Balal对科学感到好奇。故选D。 109．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是他最初的几次互动，向他介绍了与气候有关的问题。A. sold卖；B. lent借出；C. introduced介绍；D. awarded授予。根据“involved himself in research on environmental science.”可知，参与环境科学的研究向他介绍了与气候有关的问题。故选C。 110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于来自山区，Balal更了解气候变化如何影响那里的人们，这使他产生了气候焦虑。A. brought带来；B. knew了解；C. complained抱怨；D. quarreled争吵。根据“Being from a mountainous region”可知，来自山区使他更了解气候变化如何影响那里的人们。故选B。 111．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. affected影响；B. prepared准备；C. organized组织；D. admitted承认。根据“which led him to develop climate anxiety.”可知，气候变化影响到人们的生活，这使他产生了气候焦虑。故选A。 112．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Balal越是致力于气候科学，他就越了解气候变化的影响。A. devoted致力；B. changed改变；C. limited限制；D. helped帮助。根据“himself to climate science”可知，Balal致力于气候科学。故选A。 113．考查动词短语辨析。句意：拥有更多资源的人更有可能应对气候危机。A. comparing with与……比较；B. coping with应对；C. differing from和……不同；D. resulting from由……引起。根据“People with more resources have better chances”可知，拥有更多资源的人更能应对气候危机。故选B。 114．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但欠发达国家，对于较贫穷的社区来说，通常没有同样的机会，这将使他们进一步陷入危机。A. warmer更温暖的；B. cleaner更干净的；C. poorer更贫穷的；D. quieter更安静的。根据“But the less developed countries”可知，此处指较为贫穷的社区。故选C。 115．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. confidence自信；B. calmness冷静；C. honesty诚实；D. crisis危机。根据上文“People with more resources have better chances of 　　8　　 the climate crisis.”可知，此处是信息词crisis的词汇复现。故选D。 116．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于残疾人来说，这就更难了。A. rights权利；B. disabilities残疾；C. degrees程度；D. advertisements成就。根据“Many people with disabilities in Nepal don’t have 　　12　　 to proper education or opportunities for growth.”可知，此处指残疾人。故选B。 117．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在尼泊尔，许多残疾人无法获得适当的教育或成长机会。A. objection反对；B. attention注意力；C. access机会；D. gratitude感激。根据“opportunities for growth”可知，此处指许多残疾人无法获得适当的教育，have access to为固定搭配，意为“有权使用”。故选C。 118．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在一次采访中，Balal说：“幸运的是，我很荣幸我来自一个支持我的家庭，在那里我有机会接受良好的教育，这让我在生活中成长。”A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Secretly秘密地；C. Similarly相似地；D. Naturally自然地。根据“I am honored that I come from a supportive family,”可知，Babal得到家人支持，有机会接受良好的教育，是幸运的。故选A。 119．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. forced强迫；B. ordered命令；C. warned警告；D. allowed允许。根据“I am honored that I come from a supportive family, where I had a chance of good education”可知，受到良好的教育允许Babal在生活中成长。故选D。 120．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是我想为别人做的，改变他们的生活方式。A. occupy占据；B. want想要；C. cheer欢呼；D. blame责备。根据“to change the way they live their lives.”可知，改变他人的生活方式是Babal想做的事。故选B。 （24-25高二上·贵州·期中）Last week, just after reaching the Everest peak, the 55-year-old Christopher collapsed and 121 , along with at least other 11 people reported to have lost their lives this year. The deaths come among reports of 122 on the popular mountain. For some climbers, the traffic has meant 123 wait times — some told the Himalayan Times the wait has extended for two hours between the last camp and the peak. Mountaineer Vanessa O’Brien, who has also climbed the Seven Peaks, said when there’s a crowd, being a more 124 climber won’t help you. “It doesn’t matter if you’re the best racecar 125 in the world. If you are 126 traffic, you’re impossible to move out of it,” she said in an interview. Climbing expert Alan Arnette said there’s no simple 127 for the string of deaths. He said weather that has led to a shorter climbing season is one factor 128 overcrowding. He also said the cost to climb Mount Everest has 129 , which means more people are making the journey. He 130 the governments in charge of offering permits to 131 how many people can be on the mountain at once. Still, Christopher was no 132 . His family said he’d been mountain climbing for five decades. He arrived at the base camp nearly two months before his climb so he could give himself time to 133 the conditions. When he made his journey, his family said he was climbing with a small group in almost ideal conditions after some of the overcrowding had cleared. His brother described being a lawyer as a “day job” for Christopher, but climbing was his passion. “He was a(n) 134 climber of peaks in Colorado, the West and the world over, because he was obsessed with climbing one mountain after another,” Mark Kulish said. “He passed away doing what he 135 .” 121．A．starved B．survived C．froze D．died 122．A．overcrowding B．suffering C．blessing D．living 123．A．precious B．precise C．longer D．limited 124．A．learned B．experienced C．innovative D．optimistic 125．A．driver B．geologist C．composer D．technician 126．A．involved in B．exposed to C．concerned for D．stuck in 127．A．expectation B．explanation C．regulation D．expression 128．A．addressing B．relieving C．supporting D．causing 129．A．remained B．declined C．grown D．disappeared 130．A．assisted B．urged C．charged D．questioned 131．A．limit B．include C．claim D．shorten 132．A．master B．competitor C．beginner D．climber 133．A．rely on B．step into C．deal with D．adapt to 134．A．addicted B．determined C．adventurous D．patient 135．A．said B．hoped C．loved D．generated 【答案】 121．D 122．A 123．C 124．B 125．A 126．D 127．B 128．D 129．B 130．B 131．A 132．C 133．D 134．A 135．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了55岁的Christopher在登上珠峰峰顶后不幸去世的事件，由此引出对珠峰上出现的过度拥挤情况以及一系列与之相关的登山者死亡现象的讨论。 121．考查动词词义辨析。句意：55 岁的克里斯托弗刚登上珠穆朗玛峰顶峰后就倒下并去世了，据报道今年至少还有另外 11 人丧生。A. starved挨饿；B. survived幸存；C. froze冻住；D. died死亡，去世。根据后文“lost their lives” 可知，此处表达克里斯托弗去世了。故选D项。 122．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些死亡事件发生在有关这座热门山峰过度拥挤的报道之中。A. overcrowding过度拥挤；B. suffering痛苦；C. blessing祝福；D. living 生活。根据后文“the wait has extended for two hours between the last camp and the peak”以及语境可知，这里提到的交通拥堵、等待时间长等内容，所以推断出是在说山峰上过度拥挤的情况。故选A项。 123．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对一些登山者来说，交通拥堵意味着等待时间更长 —— 一些人告诉《喜马拉雅时报》，从最后一个营地到顶峰的等待时间已经延长了两个小时。A. precious宝贵的；B. precise精确的；C. longer更长的；D. limited有限的。结合后文“the wait has extended for two hours”可知，等待时间变得更长了。故选C项。 124．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也曾攀登过七大高峰的登山家凡妮莎・奥布赖恩说，人多的时候，经验更丰富的登山者也帮不了你。A. learned有学问的；B. experienced有经验的；C. innovative创新的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据后文“It doesn’t matter if you’re the best racecar 　　5　　 in the world ”可知，此处强调即便经验丰富也无济于事。故选B项。 125．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就算你是世界上最优秀的赛车手也没用。A. driver司机，赛车手；B. geologist地质学家；C. composer作曲家；D. technician技术员。根据前文“racecar”可知，与之对应的职业身份就是赛车手。故选A项。 126．考查动词词组辨析。句意：如果你被困在交通拥堵中，你就不可能摆脱它。A. involved in涉及；B. exposed to暴露于；C. concerned for关心；D. stuck in陷入，被困于。根据后文“you’re impossible to move out of it”可知，此处描述被困在拥堵交通里动不了的情况。故选D项。 127．考查名词词义辨析。句意：登山专家艾伦・阿内特说，对于这一连串的死亡事件没有简单的解释。A. expectation期望；B. explanation解释；C. regulation规则；D. expression表达。根据后文“He said weather that has led to a shorter climbing season is one factor”可知，此处对于事件发生的原因等情况进行解释说明。故选B项。 128．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，导致登山季缩短的天气是造成过度拥挤的一个因素。A. addressing处理；B. relieving缓解；C. supporting支持；D. causing造成，导致。根据前文“weather that has led to a shorter climbing season”可知，此处指天气情况使得登山季缩短进而导致了过度拥挤的情况出现。故选D项。 129．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还说攀登珠穆朗玛峰的成本下降了，这意味着更多的人踏上了这段旅程。A. remained保持；B. declined下降；C. grown增长；D. disappeared消失。根据后文“which means more people are making the journey”可知，因为登上成本下降了，所以更多人来登山。故选B项。 130．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他敦促负责发放许可证的政府限制山上同时登山的人数。A. assisted协助；B. urged敦促；C. charged收费，指控；D. questioned质问。根据后文“the governments in charge of offering permits ”以及语境可知，此处表达向政府提出建议、督促其做某事。故选B项。 131．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他敦促负责发放许可证的政府限制山上同时登山的人数。A. limit限制；B. include包括；C. claim声称；D. shorten缩短。根据前文“overcrowding”可知，为了避免过度拥挤等问题，此处指应该是限制山上同时登山的人数。故选A项。 132．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过，克里斯托弗可不是新手。A. master大师；B. competitor竞争者；C. beginner初学者，新手；D. climber登山者。根据后文“His family said he’d been mountain climbing for five decades” 可知，克里斯托弗有很长时间的登山经历，不是刚开始登山的新手。故选C项。 133．考查动词词组辨析。句意：他在登山前近两个月就到达了大本营，这样他就有时间适应环境。A. rely on依靠；B. step into踏入；C. deal with处理；D. adapt to适应。由上文“He arrived at the base camp nearly two months before his climb”可知，克里斯托弗到达大本营提前准备，是为了适应登山的环境条件等。故选D项。 134．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他是科罗拉多州、美国西部乃至世界各地山峰的冒险登山者，因为他痴迷于一座接一座地攀登山峰，” 马克・库利什说。A. addicted上瘾的，沉迷于；B. determined有决心的；C. adventurous冒险的；D. patient耐心的。根据后文 “obsessed with climbing one mountain after another”可知，克里斯托弗沉迷于冒险去攀登不同的山峰。故选A项。 135．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他是在做自己热爱的事情时去世的。”A. said说；B. hoped希望；C. loved热爱；D. generated产生。根据前文 “climbing was his passion” 可知，登山是克里斯托弗热爱的事。故选C项。 （2023·河南郑州·三模）Standing on the shore of a lake, I can’t help but feel surprised at the thousands of small rocks that surround my boots. They were all created from 136 surfaces, their edges softening over time. I wonder, “Can we learn from a pile of rocks?” Even the tallest mountains have 137 ; none are as tall as they were 1,000 years ago. And much like a rock, I’ve found my 138 has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun. 139 , I was also a sharp rock covered in pointy edges. Today, after decades of the waters of life coursing over me, my edges are softer and I’m more 140 . I’m less likely to judge and more interested in learning how we can 141 together. But I’m not a 142 . I’m a human filled with all the drama built into my DNA． Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several young men to 143 for not wearing masks. Not 144 and not rude. On the door read a sign, “Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to 145 this together.” The group of young men wanted to 146 about the note. I sat at the restaurant watching, understanding both sides. I’ve been one of them before, using my youthful edges to chip away at (削弱) the world. What I lost, 147 , was the ability to grow from 148 by looking through the eyes of others. In learning to be more 149 , I’ve also found more happiness and success. You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to 150 and make room for others, while the latter never give an 151 to accommodate others. 152 , like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to 153 the world from someone else’s point of view. I placed a 154 stone into my jacket pocket. Mother Nature is holding a 155 again. 136．A．fragile B．shiny C．smooth D．hard 137．A．piled up B．worn down C．risen up D．broken down 138．A．will B．voice C．attitude D．heart 139．A．Still B．Often C．Here D．Once 140．A．understanding B．confident C．patient D．competitive 141．A．contribute B．exist C．work D．develop 142．A．fool B．soul C．rock D．judge 143．A．explain B．leave C．apologize D．pay 144．A．contradictory B．confusing C．forceful D．discouraging 145．A．get through B．stick to C．deal with D．fight against 146．A．think B．care C．talk D．argue 147．A．even B．however C．anyway D．also 148．A．hardships B．struggle C．experiences D．failure 149．A．open B．cautious C．ambitious D．independent 150．A．ignore B．accept C．adjust D．change 151．A．excuse B．agreement C．entrance D．inch 152．A．Nature B．Tolerance C．Tide D．Time 153．A．reforming B．seeing C．exploring D．travelling 154．A．sharp B．rounded C．valuable D．rolling 155．A．class B．belief C．meeting D．discussion 【答案】 136．D 137．B 138．C 139．D 140．A 141．B 142．C 143．B 144．C 145．A 146．D 147．B 148．C 149．A 150．C 151．D 152．D 153．B 154．B 155．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在湖边观石的时候，联想到自己之前的经历，感悟人恰如岩石，被时间磨平棱角，在时间中变得更为开阔宽广。 136．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们都是由坚硬的地表创造的，它们的边缘随着时间的推移而失去棱角。A. fragile脆弱的；B. shiny光滑发亮的；C. smooth光滑的；D. hard坚硬的。根据下文“their edges softening over time”可知，石头的边缘随时间而失去棱角，所以这里说它们本身是坚硬的地表创造的。故选D。 137．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：即使是最高的山也已磨损；没有一个像一千年前那么高。A. piled up积累；B. worn down磨损；C. risen up上升；D. broken down分解。根据下文“none are as tall as they were 1,000 years ago”可知，高山的高度因为时间而降低，所以这里说它们被磨损了。故选B。 138．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像一块岩石一样，我发现我的态度变得柔和了，我想更好地理解他人的愿望也随着每一次环绕太阳的旅行而扩大了。A. will意志；B. voice声音；C. attitude态度；D. heart内心。根据下文“my desire to better understand others has expanded”可知，作者理解他人的愿望扩大了，所以是对世界的态度变得柔和了。故选C。 139．考查副词词义辨析。句意：曾经，我也是一块尖尖的岩石。A. Still仍然；B. Often经常；C. Here这里；D. Once曾经。根据上文“my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around the sun”和空后“I was also a sharp rock covered in pointy edges”可知，现在作者发生了变化，而从前他的边缘也很锋利。故选D。 140．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，经过几十年的生命之水在我身上流淌，我的棱角变得更加柔和，也更加善解人意。A. understanding善解人意的；B. confident自信的；C. patient耐心的；D. competitive好竞争的。根据上文“my desire to better understand others”可知，作者变得更善解人意。故选A。 141．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不太可能评判别人，我更有兴趣了解我们如何共存。A. contribute做贡献；B. exist存在；C. work工作；D. develop发展。根据上文作者说自己的棱角渐渐磨平，变得善解人意，可推知作者感兴趣的是人如何共存。故选B。 142．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我不是岩石。A. fool傻瓜；B. soul灵魂；C. rock岩石；D. judge裁判。上文作者是在用岩石作比喻，说明时间会让人逐渐磨平棱角，这里作者在强调自己作为人的戏剧的一面，表示和岩石的不同。故选C。 143．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年前，在太平洋西北地区旅行时，我看到一个餐馆老板要求几个年轻人离开，因为他们没有戴口罩。A. explain解释；B. leave离开；C. apologize道歉；D. pay支付。根据下文“Please wear a mask before entering our restaurant.”可知，进餐馆需要戴口罩，这几个年轻人没有戴口罩，所以会被要求离开。故选B。 144．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不强势也不粗鲁。A. contradictory矛盾的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. forceful强势的；D. discouraging使人沮丧的。根据空后“and not rude”可知，餐馆的老板态度并不粗鲁，所以forceful“强势的”符合语境，和rude并列。故选C。 145．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们也不喜欢这样，但让我们尽我们所能一起度过难关。A. get through度过；B. stick to坚持；C. deal with处理；D. fight against抗争。根据上文“Please wear a mask”可知，故事发生在疫情期间，所以是需要大家尽所能一起度过难关。故选A。 146．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那群年轻人想为那张纸条争论一番。A. think思考；B. care关心；C. talk谈论；D. argue争论。根据上文这几个年轻人因为没有带口罩被要求离开餐馆可推知，他们会对餐馆纸条上的要求争论一番。故选D。 147．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我失去的是透过他人的眼睛从经历中成长的能力。A. even甚至；B. however然而；C. anyway无论如何；D. also也。根据上文“I’ve been one of them before, using my youthful edges to chip away at (削弱) the world.”（我以前也是他们中的一员，用我年轻时的优势来削弱这个世界）可知，曾经作者很有锋芒，现在却失去了一些能力，此处语义有转折，需用however“然而”。故选B。 148．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我失去的是透过他人的眼睛从经历中成长的能力。A. hardships困难；B. struggle奋斗；C. experiences经历；D. failure失败。根据此处“grow from ____13____ by looking through the eyes of others”可知，作者在说透过他人的眼睛从某种事物中成长，结合观察岩石、在餐馆的事情可知，experiences“经历”更符合语境，文中没有体现其他选项的含义。故选C。 149．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在学习更开放的过程中，我也找到了更多的快乐和成功。A. open开放的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. independent独立的。根据上文“by looking through the eyes of others”可知，从他人的眼睛去看待事情是换位思考，是变得更加开放包容。故选A。 150．考查动词词义辨析。句意：前者总想办法调整自己，为别人腾出空间，而后者从不让步迁就别人。A. ignore忽视；B. accept接受；C. adjust调整；D. change改变。根据下文“make room for others”可知，圆的石头会给其他石头腾空间，所以是调整自己。故选C。 151．考查名词词义辨析。句意：前者总想办法调整自己，为别人腾出空间，而后者从不让步迁就别人。A. excuse借口；B. agreement同意；C. entrance入口；D. inch少许。根据上文“while”可知，这里强调锋利的石头和圆的石头不同，它们不会调整自己，不会让步。not give an inch是固定短语，意为“寸步不让”。故选D。 152．考查名词词义辨析。句意：时间，就像水流冲刷着曾经锋利的石头，冲走了我们对从别人的角度看世界的抗拒，从而改变了我们。A. Nature自然；B. Tolerance容忍；C. Tide潮汐；D. Time时间。根据上文“their edges softening over time”可知，是时间磨掉人的棱角，带走了人对换位思考的抗拒。故选D。 153．考查动词词义辨析。句意：时间，就像水流冲刷着曾经锋利的石头，冲走了我们对从别人的角度看世界的抗拒，从而改变了我们。A. reforming改革；B. seeing看；C. exploring探索；D. travelling旅行。根据上文“by looking through the eyes of others”可知，是从他人的角度看待世界。故选B。 154．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把一块圆石头放进夹克口袋里。A. sharp锋利的；B. rounded圆形的；C. valuable值钱的；D. rolling起伏的。根据上文“their edges softening over time”可知，作者把圆石头放进口袋，提醒自己要收敛锋芒，做善解人意、可以换位思考的人。故选B。 155．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大自然母亲又在上课了。A. class课；B. belief信念；C. meeting会议；D. discussion讨论。根据上文“I wonder, “Can we learn from a pile of rocks?””可知，作者从自然中学到了重要的一课，所以这里说大自然在上课。故选A。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$