专题2 第3讲 警惕意外失分，“完美”复验下的完形(课件PPT)-【创新方案】2025年高考英语二轮复习专题辅导与测试

第三讲　警惕意外失分，“完美” 复验下的完形 通过前两讲的先“完意”、再“完空”，残缺的语篇已完整“复原”，但这并不代表“已抱得满分归”。解答完形填空，通读语篇、填后复验是不可或缺的关键一环。因为在逐个“完空”的解题过程中，常会因片段式的阅读，造成“只见树木，不见森林”断章取义的错误。只有通过通读复验，才能发现一些细节性、惯性思维式错误，才能确保完形完美收官。通过对考生的常错题目进行分析，发现失分原因主要集中在“语言技能薄弱”和“思维品质欠缺”两类失分点上。 目录 一、因语言技能薄弱导致失分 二、因思维品质欠缺导致失分 3 一、 因语言技能薄弱导致失分 [典例]　(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷) When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long.I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to 1 ， Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I 2 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant.But every time I tried to 3 a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 4 my language skills.That encouragement helped me to get through the language 5 .After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how 6 Italians are.Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 7 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.It's these small 8 of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my 9 quite like Italy.Each town has its own traditional 10 ，and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another.Families 11 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 12.These meals are always 13 by laughter and joy.Whatever 14 life in Italy might have, the problems are 15 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 1．A.study　　　　　　 B．rent C．visit D．settle 2．A.planned B．struggled C．refused D．happened 3．A.string B．hang C．mix D．match 4．A.improved B．assessed C．admired D．praised 5．A.course B．barrier C．area D．test 6．A.open-minded B．strong-willed C．warm-hearted D．well-informed 7．A.remind B．allow C．persuade D．order 8．A.tricks B．promises C．acts D．duties 9．A.ambition B．success C．appetite D．growth 10．A.costume B．dish C．symbol D．tale 11．A.gather B．cheer C．leave D．wait 12．A.put up with B．stand up for C．come up with D．make up for 13．A.signaled B．confirmed C．represented D．accompanied 14．A.disadvantages B．meanings C．surprises D．opportunities 15．A.created B．forgotten C．understood D．identified 参考答案：1－5 DBADB　6－10 CACCB　11－15 ACDAB [失分原因例析] 失误点(一)　“熟词生义”想不到 高考对“熟词生义”的考查主要放在考生十分熟悉的课标词汇上。考生可能对某些词汇的常见词义较为熟悉，而想不到这些词汇不常用的词义即生义。 第3题 根据句意可知，作者刚到意大利时，有语言障碍，所以每次在表达自己的意思时，会用意大利语拼凑句子。string在此处用作动词，意为“把……串起来”。string a sentence together意为“组合一个句子”。考生如果只知道string意为“线，弦”，对“把……串起来”这个词义不熟悉，就会导致失分。 失误点(二)　“一词多义”有混淆 高考对“一词多义”的考查主要侧重于具有三个以上词义的词汇。考生可能熟悉这些词的多个词义，但在具体语境中常常混淆这些词义。所以，必须具体分析语境，弄清楚该词在语境中的意义。 第1题 根据上文中的“decided to buy a house in Europe”以及空前表示转折的but可知，虽然作者喜欢在法国旅行，但是最终还是选择在意大利定居。settle此处意为“定居”。下文的“I made Italy my permanent home”亦有提示。settle意为“解决；确定；定居；停留；安置；(使)平静”等，属于一词多义。如果不能准确分析语境，进而确定该词在语境中的确切意义，容易造成词义混淆以致错选答案。 失误点(三)　“难词僻义”没记牢 高考中的“难词僻义”多见于动词、名词、形容词或副词。这些较难词汇大都是课标内的易被忽视的单词。它们的拼写和词义较为复杂难记，在语篇中的考查数量相对较少。一旦涉及，考生往往见难生畏、望而却步。 第9题 根据上文中的“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach ...”可知，作者是一位美食家，要想抓住他的心需要先抓住他的胃。appetite意为“食欲；胃口”。考生在学习中可能会忽视这个单词，导致错选。 第13题 根据上文“Families for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can .”所提到的生日场合和人们找各种借口聚餐可推知，他们的聚餐会是快乐的，总伴随着欢声笑语。accompany此处意为“伴随，与……一起发生”，考生可能会忽视accompany的这一生僻意义，因而出错。 失误点(四)　“构词法则”没学好 高考完形填空中出现越来越多由课标词派生而来的词，此类词并非是生词，而是对课标词汇的延伸， 需要考生掌握一定的构词法知识，巧推词义。考查角度一般为派生词的常见词缀(un-， in-， im-， dis-， re-， -ly, -less, -ness, -ful，-ment等)的意义、词类转化(动词用作名词，名词用作动词或形容词)和合成词等构词法知识。 第6题 根据下文中的“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door ...when rain is coming.”可知，作者的邻居们会给他送来刚做好的奶酪，还会在要下雨时提醒他关好车窗。由此可知，作者定居意大利后，才知道这里的人们多么热心(warm-hearted)。下文中的“kindness”亦有提示。warm-hearted是一个合成词，意为“热心的”。考生可根据构词法，猜其词义。 第14题 根据下文中的“the problems”可知，该空指的应是生活在意大利的劣势，故选disadvantages。disadvantage是advantage的派生词。如果考生不了解派生词的构词意义，可能会误选。 因思维品质欠缺导致失分 二、 [典例]　(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it 1 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 2 ， but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 3 . They're part of a new form of the 4 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in 5 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner's 6 . It's not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 7 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 8 . But house-sitting also offers a level of 9 they can't find in a hotel. “It's like 10 at a friend's house，” Jessica says. The couple has a high 11 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner's 12. For Jessica, that means 13 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 14 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 15 ，” she says. 1．A.indoors　　　　　 B．online C．single-handed D．full-time 2．A.game B．service C．vacation D．procedure 3．A.safe B．busy C．helpful D．affordable 4．A.local B．private C．sharing D．agricultural 5．A.strangers' B．parents' C．co-workers' D．neighbors' 6．A.favor B．defense C．honor D．absence 7．A.plan B．explain C．compare D．complete 8．A.buy B．transport C．choose D．please 9．A.support B．comfort C．control D．attention 10．A.cooking B．staying C．waiting D．studying 11．A.success B．survival C．growth D．unemployment 12．A.budget B．abilities C．expectations D．understanding 13．A.admiring B．donating C．sending D．borrowing 14．A.clean B．open C．simple D．empty 15．A.guess B．decision C．response D．impression 参考答案：1－5 DCDCA　6－10 DADBB　11－15 ACCAB [失分原因例析] 失误点(一)　情节理解偏差 高考完形填空的文体多是记叙文。从语篇层次上来看，如果对具体的语境理解不深或故事的情节把握不准会造成事件或情感上的逻辑混乱，从而导致这类题目失分。因此，必须准确地把握故事的情节线索，厘清逻辑关系。 第1题 第一段讲述了杰西卡夫妇的特殊的旅游方式。考生需要厘清故事情节：杰西卡想环游世界，但与大多数人不同的是，她是全职的。在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫一直在世界各地旅行。因此第1题的答案为full-time。如果故事情节理解出错，很容易错选。 失误点(二)　语篇意识不强 一些考生在解答完形填空题时，只顾匆忙选词，很少甚至不去从整体上思考文章的故事发展线索、相关话题的词汇和故事所反映的价值观等。这样容易导致在考查语篇意识的题目上失分。 第11－12题 文章介绍了 Jessica 和丈夫在免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。虽然旅行的主题不是很难，但是利用共享的形式进行环球旅行却是新的旅行方式，与多数考生的生活实践有一定的距离，考生很容易把握不住主旨，缺乏语篇意识。根据线索，第11－12题答案分别为success, expectations。 失误点(三)　语义场思维缺乏 有时，完形填空语篇中的某个部分是一个较为完整且独立的故事小场景，也可称之为语义场。在该语义场中，人物的动作、情感和事件的发展联系得十分紧密。如果不能把这些要素通过语义场思维串联起来思考，就不能快速准确地解答题目。 第13－14题 第13－14题所在段落是一个语义场，举例说明他们具体做的工作，如发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物等。由于这些服务，他们被接受为看房人的成功率很高。因此第13－14题答案分别为sending, clean。 失误点(四)　价值观方向跑偏 深刻理解文章主题，把握文章的价值取向，是准确解答语篇层次题的前提。考生需要具备透过现象把握本质的能力。文章体现的价值观一旦定位不准、理解不透，解题方向就会跑偏。 第5题 文章的话题是Jessica和丈夫在用一种新的方式进行旅行，故事反映的价值观是网络时代下人们对“共享”的新角度理解，以及人与人之间的信任与和谐相处。第二段介绍了在线看房人的职责，在他们免费住在陌生人家里的整个过程中，他们会在主人不在的时候喂宠物和浇植物。因此第5题答案为strangers'。 (2024·湛江二模)As an assistant manager at a restaurant, I encountered a heart-warming experience. One day, a father and his young son 1 the restaurant and spent a very long time looking through the menu. 2 ， the father came up and started asking me about 3 because his son was allergic (过敏的) to some food. At some point, the boy, who was probably six or seven, 4 me a laminated (覆膜的) card that listed all his allergies. They were a lot. It was 5 for me to remember them, and I didn't know what the seasoning mixtures were, so I asked to borrow the 6 so I could go check. He 7 ， and off I went. It 8 that many of our seasoning and sauces contained allergens for the boy. After much effort, I found a 9 option for him and took extra precautions due to his meat allergy. The father was grateful and explained they had 10 to find suitable dining options. This 11 the beginning of a special connection, as they became 12 customers, visiting at least once a week. The positive 13 I received was a heartening reminder that through genuine care and understanding, we can make a 14 . It reinforces my commitment to ensure that each guest's experience is memorable and that they can 15 their unique needs. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了作者作为一家餐厅的助理经理，为食物过敏的小男孩定制菜品的暖心故事。 1．A.entered B．denied C．noticed D．checked 解析：根据下文“spent a very long time looking through the menu”可知，应是一位父亲和他的儿子先进入餐厅，然后浏览菜单。 2．A.Formally B．Gradually C．Immediately D．Eventually 解析：根据上文“spent a very long time looking through the menu”可知，这位父亲花了很长时间浏览菜单，最后走过来问作者。 √ √ 3．A.expenses B．ingredients C．tastes D．quantities 解析：根据下文“because his son was allergic (过敏的) to some food”可知，小男孩对一些食物过敏，所以询问的是有关食物材料的问题。 √ 4．A.wrote B．drew C．handed D．lent 解析：根据下文“me a laminated (覆膜的) card”和“so I asked to borrow the ”可知，男孩递给作者一张卡片。 5．A.interesting B．enjoyable C．useless D．impossible 解析：根据上文“They were a lot.”可知，男孩的过敏原很多，所以作者不可能记住它们，于是要求借卡片。 √ √ 6．A.card B．boy C．money D．menu 解析：根据上文“a laminated(覆膜的) card”可知，男孩给作者递了一张卡片。作者要求借卡片。card是原词复现。 7．A.hesitated B．agreed C．cried D．laughed 解析：根据下文“and off I went”可知，男孩的父亲同意了作者的请求。 √ √ 8．A.came to B．looked like C．ended up D．turned out 解析：It turned out that ...是固定句型，意为“结果证明……；事实证明……”。 9．A.clever B．cheap C．safe D．new 解析：根据下文“took extra precautions”可知，作者采取了额外的预防措施，为小男孩找到了一个安全的选择。 √ √ 10．A.struggled B．pretended C．decided D．forgotten 解析：根据本句的过去完成时态以及空后的“to find suitable dining options”可知，他们一直在努力寻找合适的用餐选择。struggle to do sth.意为“努力做某事”。 √ 11．A.designed B．broke C．marked D．kept 解析：根据下文“as they became customers, visiting at least once a week”可知，父子俩成了餐馆的常客，所以那一次就餐标志着一种特殊联系的开始。 √ 12．A.private B．regular C．normal D．curious 解析：根据下文“visiting at least once a week”可知，父子俩成了餐馆的常客。 √ 13．A.lesson B．present C．envy D．response 解析：根据上文“This the beginning of a special connection, as they became customers, visiting at least once a week.”可知，这是作者得到的积极回应。 √ 14．A.difference B．change C．sense D．promise 解析：make a difference意为“有影响；起作用”。此处指通过真正的关心和理解，我们可以有所作为。 √ 15．A.accept B．promote C．tailor D．dismiss 解析：根据下文“their unique needs”可知，此处指定制顾客的独特需求。tailor常见意为“裁缝”，此处用作动词，意为“专门制作，定做”   √ 本课结束 $$