必修第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope（教师用书word）-【步步高】2024年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（外研版 鲁琼辽津渝粤贵桂黑京晋）

Ⅰ.认阅读单词 1．tube n．管子 2．plus adj.(用于数字后面表示)多，余 3．hurricane n．飓风 4．landslide n．山崩，滑坡 5．tsunami n．海啸 6．typhoon n．台风 7．satellite n．人造卫星 8．lap n．(坐着时的)大腿部 9．mosquito n．蚊子 10．county n．(英国的)郡；(美国等国家的)县 Ⅱ.记重点单词 1．disaster n．灾难，灾祸 2．forecast v．预测，预报 3．grab v．攫取，抓住 4．rescue v．营救，解救 5．claim v．(战争、事故等)夺去(生命) 6．crisis n．危机 7．billion num.十亿 8．nowhere adv.什么地方都不，无处 9．otherwise adv.否则，要不然 10．helicopter n．直升机 11．midnight n．子夜，午夜 12．property n．所有物，资产，财产 13．shelter n．庇护，掩蔽 Ⅲ.知拓展单词 1．erupt v．(火山)爆发，喷发→eruption n．爆发 2．immediately adv.即刻，马上→immediate adj.立刻的 3．occur v．发生→occurrence n．发生 4．announcement n．通告，公告→announce v．宣告→announcer n．广播员；解说员 5．reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的→rely v．依靠 6．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的→emerge vi.浮现；出现 7．exceptionally adv.极其，非常→exceptional adj.杰出的，卓越的；特别的→except prep.除……外→exception n．例外 8．threaten v．威胁到，危及→threat n．威胁；可能带来威胁的人(事) 9．precisely adv.精确地，准确地→precise adj.精确的，准确的 10．sufficient adj.足够的，充足的→sufficiently adv.足够地，充足地 增加词汇来助力 1．delicate adj.微妙的；精美的，雅致的 2．delighted adj.高兴的，快乐的 3．deserve vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得 4．dignity n．尊严；高贵 5．dilemma n．进退两难的困境 6．diploma n．毕业文凭；学位证书 7．direction n．方向；方位 8．director n．主任；董事；导演 Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．have yet to还没有 2．compared with/to...和……比起来，与……相比 3．make it to到达…… 4．look through浏览 5．what’s more而且 6．think about考虑 7．fly off飞走 8．all of a sudden突然；猛地 9．in the open air在户外 10．move on前进 11．blow away吹走 12．keep on 重复；继续 13．move to space 移到太空 14．go down the stairs 下楼 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．Sure enough，going down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that’s erupting.(v.-ing作主语) 果不其然，走下楼梯，来到站台上就像跳进一座正在喷发的火山一样。 2．Looking through my newspaper，I’m shocked by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.(v.-ing作状语) 翻阅着手里的报纸，我震惊地看到亚洲的飓风摧毁了一个城镇的照片。 3．Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth，perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...(now that 引导原因状语从句) 既然很难避免地球上的灾难，或许我应该开始考虑搬到太空去…… 4．But Mom said that whatever happens，we should always try to see the good side of things.(whatever 引导让步状语从句) 但是妈妈说，无论发生什么，我们都应该总是努力看到事情好的一面。 5．Although we are surrounded by reminders of the disaster，we are working together to rebuild our homes and our lives.(although引导让步状语从句) 虽然我们周围的一切都提醒着我们这里曾发生的灾难，但大家都在为重建家园和生活而一同努力着。 请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。 The hurricane was 1.exceptionally strong yesterday，causing significant damage to people’s property.It’s 2.announced that a number of lives were claimed by the disaster.People who survived the disaster had nowhere to go.Drinking water was hard to get and there was no sufficient food.The government immediately took action and sent helicopters to 3.rescue the trapped people.4.Otherwise they would have starved to death.At 5.midnight，mosquitos circled the shelter and bit people’s laps precisely.People’s lives and property are still under threat，because no one knows whether the hurricane will strike the area again. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 occur vi.(occurred；occurred；occurring) 发生；存在；出现；(想法)产生 (occurrence n．发生的事情；出现，发生) sth occur to sb某人突然想到……；想起…… It occurs to sb that.../to do...某人突然想到…… (1)An idea occurred to me that I could adopt the poor animal to provide a shelter for her. (2)他突然想到他们可以帮助伯纳德制作和出售爆米花来赚钱。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) It occurred to/struck/hit him that they could help Bernard make and sell popcorn to make money. 用法点拨　①occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。occur作谓语时，主语不能是人。 ②表示“某人突然想到……”的其他常用句型：It strikes sb that.../It hits sb that... announcement n．通知；宣布，宣告 (announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知；声称；预示) •make an announcement下通知；宣布 •announce sth to sb(＝announce to sb sth)向某人宣布…… It is announced that...据称；据宣布…… (1)The airline announced to the media that the flight to Tianjin was canceled because of the blizzard. (2)据宣布，已派出大批士兵前往地震灾区营救灾民。 It was announced that troops of soldiers had been sent to the earthquake-stricken areas to rescue the victims. (3)请注意，我有一件事情要宣布。英文短片“Growing Together”将于7点半在学校大厅上映。(应用文写作之通知) Attention，please.I have an announcement to make.An English short film，called Growing Together，will be shown in the school hall at 7：30. rescue v．& n．营救；拯救；救援 (rescuer n．营救人员) •rescue sb/sth from sth从……中营救…… •go/come to one’s rescue去/来救某人 (1)The little girl was rescued from a burning building when the disaster occurred. (2)Many parents couldn’t hold back their tears when a rescuer(rescue) carried a teenage girl out of the ruins. (3)那个23岁女孩的尖叫声引来了一位路人前去营救。 The 23-year-old girl’s screams drew a passer-by who went to her rescue. threaten v．威胁到，危及；恐吓 (threat n．威胁 threatening adj.有威胁性的，危险的) •threaten to do sth威胁要做某事 threaten sb with sth用某物威胁某人 •under threat受到威胁 (1)David threatened to report (report) his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid. (2)只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。(话题写作之环境保护) Only if we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. (3)水是我们最重要的资源之一，但它在全世界都受到威胁。(话题写作之环境保护) Water is one of our most critical resources，but it is under threat around the world. keep on 重复；继续 keep doing sth 继续做某事，反复做某事 keep sb doing sth使某人一直做某事 keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事 keep in mind that 记住 keep away from 远离 (1)Faced with difficulties，he once felt like giving up，but now he has the determination to push forward and keep on going(go)． (2)Some volunteers will come to their rescue to keep the children from being physically and emotionally abused. (3)Keep away from the pool，otherwise you will fall into the water. (4)首先要记住，你最好准时，或者比约定的时间提前一点到达。(应用文写作之建议信) First of all，keep in mind that you had better arrive punctually or some time earlier than the appointed time. make it to 到达，抵达；赶上 make up编造，杜撰；组成，构成；化妆；补上；凑数；和好；占…… make up for弥补；补偿 make out辨认；弄清；理解 be made up of由……组成(构成) make it获得成功 (1)Kate heard a man’s voice in the background，but she couldn’t make out what he was saying. (2)What I want to tell you is that this class is precisely made up of 20 boys and 15 girls. (3)Robert is a worker with much experience，so it will make up for his lack of academic knowledge. (4)我甚至还没来得及走到门口表达我的谢意，她就离开了。(读后续写之动作描写) She left before I could even make it to the door to offer my thanks. whatever引导让步状语从句　But Mom said that whatever happens，we should always try to see the good side of things.但是妈妈说，无论发生什么，我们都应该总是努力看到事情好的一面。 •whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。在引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。 •whenever，wherever，however 引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter when/where/how。 (1)Whoever is kind enough and reliable can join this rescue team. (2)My best friends always try to help me out，whenever I get into a crisis. (3)无论我多么忙，每天我都会匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习汉语，并且告诉他们更多的中国习俗和传统。(话题写作之文化) However/No matter how busy I am，I will spare some time every day to help the exchange students from the USA learn Chinese and tell them more Chinese customs and traditions. 1．(2021·北京)From 2000 to 2019，there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world，resulting in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss. 2000年至2019年，全球发生重大自然灾害7 348起，造成经济损失29,700亿美元。 2．(2021·北京)The woman’s eye fell on the man’s face，and she immediately looked down and adjusted her scarf. 女士看了下男子的面孔，然后立即低下头调整了围巾。 3．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)The solution，of course，was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime. 解决这一问题的方式当然就是种树，这样动物们在白天就可以找到庇护处。 4．(2020·新高考全国Ⅱ)Though he acknowledges that engineering works can fail because the person who thought them up or engineered them simply got things wrong，in this book Dr.Petroski widens his view to consider the larger context in which such failures occur. 虽然他承认工程项目可能会因为那些想出或设计它们的人犯了错误而失败，但在这本书中，彼得罗斯基博士拓宽了他的视野，考虑了此类失败发生的更广泛的背景。 5．(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. 去年，它通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，回收了超过807 500磅的食物，要不然这些农产品会在地里腐烂。 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．claim (1)It was claimed that many people were trapped in the mountain because of the landslide. B (2)She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered. C (3)The hurricane claimed more than 20 residents’ lives. A (4)In the English speech，the young man who claimed the first prize jumped with a thrill of joy. D 2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)In my first P．E.class，the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball.跑道的一圈 (2)When we arrived，we attempted to find a seat，but all the good seats had been grabbed.抢占 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．The later eruptions(erupt) were less violent and the rescue team came in time. 2．Seize the chance，otherwise/or you will regret it sooner or later.(应用文写作之建议信) 3．Now that you are grown up，you must stop this childish behavior immediately. 4．When we are in a crisis，he is the only one who is reliable(rely)． 5．All of a sudden，a man from the crowd came forward，unaware of the embarrassment of the manager in charge of the project. 6．They have yet to show(show) that they can help the local residents get easier access to the Internet. 7．The news that more than 80 tourists were rescued from the landslide site yesterday has been confirmed. 8．The attacker threatened the people with a gun，everyone in the crowd scared. 9．The teacher was holding a broad umbrella，sheltering(shelter) the student from the rain. 10．We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that occurred(occur) billions of years ago. Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练 (应对自然灾害——倡议书) 1．既然飓风、台风、海啸等自然灾害随时可能发生，我们应该学会应对它们。(now that) Now that natural disasters such as hurricane，typhoon，tsunami can happen at any time，we should learn to deal with them. 2．翻阅有关自然灾害预防的书籍并准备足够的食物会有很大帮助。(v.-ing 作主语；prevention；sufficient) Looking through books on natural disaster prevention and preparing sufficient food can be of great help. 3．尽管自然灾害不可避免，但快速应急救援是将损失降至最低的唯一途径。(although引导让步状语从句) Although natural disasters are unavoidable，rapid-response rescue is the only way to minimize the damage. 4．每当自然灾害发生时，军队总是来保护人民的生命和财产。(whenever；property) Whenever a natural disaster occurs，the armed forces always come to protect the people’s lives and property. 5．保持冷静，相信我们的政府，我们最终将战胜自然灾害。(v.-ing作状语) Keeping calm and believing in our government，we will defeat natural disasters in the end. Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练 教材续写语料 1．动作描写 forecast v．预测 rescue v．解救 threaten v．威胁 grab v．抓 2．人物描写 reliable adj.可信赖的 续写语料运用 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 Ada心情很沉重，她知道她必须立即营救Roy。她把衬衫包在Roy的腿上，并用一根长棍把他的腿伸直。Roy痛得大叫，一把抓住了Ada的手臂。“我知道很痛，”Ada轻声说。“但这会让腿稳定住，直到你被直升机救出。”当他们安全到达医院时，Roy说：“幸亏你在紧急情况下保持了冷静，否则我会受到更严重的伤。你是多么值得信赖的朋友啊！” With a heavy heart，Ada knew she had to rescue Roy immediately.She wrapped the shirt around Roy’s leg and straightened his leg with a long stick.Roy cried out in pain and grabbed Ada’s arm.“I know it hurts，”Ada said softly.“But this will hold it still until you are rescued by the helicopter.”When they arrived at the hospital safely，Roy said，“Luckily，you kept calm in an emergency，otherwise I would have suffered a more serious injury.How reliable a friend you are！” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$