必修第三册 Unit 1 Knowing me，knowing you（教师用书word）-【步步高】2024年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（外研版 鲁琼辽津渝粤贵桂黑京晋）

Ⅰ.认阅读单词 1．agony n．痛楚，苦难 2．core adj.核心的(课程、团体等) 3．tangled adj.纠结的；复杂的 4．web n．蜘蛛网；错综复杂的事物 5．weave v．编，织 6．deceive v．欺骗 7．justify v．证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理；为……辩护 8．apart adv.分离，分开 9．fence n．栅栏，围栏，篱笆 Ⅱ.记重点单词 1．steam n．蒸汽，水蒸气 2．loose adj.控制不严的 3．lip n．(嘴)唇 4．sink v．使(船)沉没 5．fault n．责任，过错 6．resolve v．解决(问题、困难) 7．strategy n．计谋，策略；行动计划 8．signal n．信号；暗号 9．duty n．职责，义务；责任 10．ensure v．确保，保证 11．boxing n．拳击(运动) 12．frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的 13．tear n．眼泪，泪水 14．latter n．后者 15．moreover adv.此外，而且 Ⅲ.知拓展单词 1．breath n．呼出的气→breathe v．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 2．concern n．忧虑，担心→concerned adj.担心的；关切的→concerning prep.关于 3．annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的→annoy vt.使恼怒；使生气→annoying adj.令人恼怒的→annoyance n．恼怒 4．adjust v．适应，(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整，调节；适应 5．accident n．意外事件；偶然因素→accidental adj.偶然的→accidentally adv.偶然地 6．complexity n．复杂性，错综复杂→complex adj.复杂的 7．forgive v．原谅，宽恕→forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕 8．criticise v．批评，指责→criticism n．批评 9．embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情→embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人难堪的；令人窘迫的 10．independent adj.独立的→independence n．独立→independently adv.独立地；自立地→depend vi.依靠→dependence n．依赖 增加词汇来助力 1．commerce n．商业；贸易 2．commercial adj.商业的；贸易的 3．commitment n．承诺；保证；献身，投入 4．communication n．交流；通信 5．companion n．同伴；陪伴 6．competence n．能力；胜任 7．compromise n．& vt.妥协；折中 8．compulsory adj.义务的；强制的 Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．help out帮一把 2．let down使失望，辜负 3．let off steam发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 4．loose lips sink ships祸从口出 5．take a breath吸一口气 6．pull one’s weight做好分内事，尽责 7．by accident偶然，意外地 8．be crazy about...对……着迷，热衷于 9．calm down冷静下来 10．be angry with sb生某人的气 11．tell a lie 说谎 12．apologise to 向……道歉 13．look down on/upon看不起，轻视 14．move on前进；离开 15．be sure to do一定 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．Embarrassed and ashamed，I can’t concentrate on anything.(形容词作状语) 我既尴尬又羞愧，做什么事都无法集中精力。 2．Filled with anger，you tend to say whatever comes to your mind.(whatever引导宾语从句) 满腔怒火的时候，你往往想到什么就说什么。 3．It is believed that EQ plays an even more important role than IQ (intelligence quotient) in people’s lives.(It＋be＋过去分词＋that...) 人们认为，在生活中，情商比智商扮演着更重要的角色。 4．We’ve all surely had the experience of someone cooking a meal for us that we don’t like.(doing的复合结构) 我们一定都有过这样的经历：别人为我们准备的菜肴不合我们的口味。 5．One of the main reasons for telling a white lie is to try to make others feel better.(The reason for...is to do) 说善意谎言的主要原因之一是为了让别人感觉好一点。 6．Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every time you visit.(every time引导时间状语从句) 也许被你评价为“很好吃”的菜肴会在你每次到访时都出现在餐桌上。 请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。 John sometimes told a lie to Ted and even let off steam.Ted thought it was his 1.duty to help John to become a better person，so he pointed out Ted’s shortcomings.To Ted’s disappointment，John misunderstood that Ted was finding 2.fault with him，which made him 3.annoyed.John no longer played with Ted and distanced himself from Ted.4.Resolving to repair their relationship，Ted apologized to John and 5.adjusted his strategy.He expressed his opinions more politely instead of criticising him directly.John forgave Ted and the two became closer than before. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) (resolution n．决定；解决) •resolve to do sth决定做某事 resolve sth解决(问题或困难) •make a resolution to do sth决定做某事 (1)I resolved to adjust(adjust) my previous plan because it cost too much time. (2)We made a resolution(resolve) to look into what caused the ship to sink. (3)为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，把自己放在别人的位置上。(话题写作之人际关系) To resolve conflicts，we should learn to communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place. signal v．发信号；示意；表明；标志 n．信号；暗号；标志；信号灯 •signal (to) sb to do sth示意某人做某事 signal sb that...示意(某人)…… •send out a signal发出信号 a traffic signal交通信号 (1)The policeman signalled to the car to stop(stop) to ensure the pedestrian could cross the street safely. (2)铃声响起，示意要放学了，学生们站起来，抓起书包，像箭一样冲出教室。(读后续写之动作链描写) The bell rang，signalling that school was over，and students rose to their feet，seized their schoolbags and rushed out of the classroom like arrows. (3)那个善良的人抱起受伤的男孩，把他放在车里，匆忙把他送到医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号。(读后续写之动作链描写) The kind man lifted up the injured boy，placed him in the car and rushed him to the hospital，ignoring the traffic signals all the way. breath n．呼出的气；呼吸，气息 (breathe v．呼吸 breathless adj.气喘吁吁的) •hold one’s breath屏住呼吸 take a breath吸一口气 out of breath上气不接下气 take sb’s breath away令人惊叹 •breathe in吸气 用breath短语的正确形式填空 (1)Take a breath and relax yourself instead of focusing on what makes you annoyed，and you will fall asleep soon. (2)The view from the top of the mountain will take your breath away. (3)We all held our breath while our English teacher announced the exam results. (4)When they reached the top of the mountain，they were all breathless. →When they reached the top of the mountain，they were all out of breath. concern n．担心；忧虑；关心；(利害)关系 vt.涉及；与……有关；(使)担忧 (concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的；担心的；感兴趣的 concerning prep.关于) •show/express concern for/about对……表示关心 •as far as...be concerned就……而言 be concerned about/for对……担心/关心 be concerned with与……有关 (1)Our government shows concern for/about farmers’ living standard and has put up a new strategy to benefit them. (2)听说您生病了，我们很担心您。(2020·浙江，应用文写作) Hearing that you have been ill，we are concerned about/for you. (3)我写信告诉你我们学校举行的成人礼的相关事宜。在我看来，它使我们意识到了作为成年人我们所承担的责任。(2020·天津，书面表达) I am writing to tell you something concerning the coming-of-age ceremony held in our school.As far as I am concerned，it makes us aware of the responsibility we are shouldering as adults. annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的(annoy vt.使恼怒，使生气 annoying adj.使人生气的；令人气恼的 annoyance n．恼怒，烦恼；使人烦恼的事) •be annoyed with sb生某人的气 be annoyed at/about sth对某事生气 be annoyed to do sth对做某事很生气 be annoyed that...对……感到生气 •to one’s annoyance使某人生气的是 (1)My mother was beginning to get annoyed(annoy) with me about my letting off steam. (2)To the father’s annoyance(annoy)，he found it hard to meet his son’s demands. (3)真正令我们恼火的是，我们最后犯了同样的错误。(读后续写之情感描写) ①What was really annoying was that we made the same mistake at last.(annoying) ②What really annoyed us was that we made the same mistake at last.(annoy) adjust v．调整；调节；适应；(使)习惯 (adjustment n．调整；调节；适应 adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的) •adjust...to (doing)．..调整……以适应(做)…… adjust oneself to...使自己适应…… adjust to (doing) sth适应(做)某事 •make an adjustment/adjustments to...对……作出调整 (1)It took him quite a while to adjust to living(live) an independent life. (2)We have made an adjustment(adjust) to our price and give you a special discount of 3 percent. (3)由于我没有及时调整相关的信息，给您带来极大的不便，我写信向您道歉。(应用文写作之道歉信) I am writing to apologize to you for my not adjusting the relevant information in time，causing great inconvenience to you. (4)这样，你就能让自己很快适应北京的生活了。 In this way，you can adjust yourself to the life in Beijing soon. forgive v．(forgave，forgiven)原谅；宽恕；免除 (forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕) 原谅某人做某事 forgive and forget摒弃前嫌 (1)He never admitted his fault or asked for forgiveness(forgive)． (2)请原谅我不能如约和你一起外出，并再次表达我诚挚的歉意。(应用文写作之道歉信)(2021·北京，书面表达) Please forgive me for not going out with you as promised and I want to express my sincere apology again. (3)众所周知，不计前嫌是一种美德，尤其是在这样一个充满竞争和压力的社会中。 As is known to all，it’s a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society. help out 帮一把；帮助……解决困难/摆脱困境 help sb with sth帮助某人某事 can’t help doing sth情不自禁地做某事 help oneself to sth自用/自取所需(食物)等 (1)If parents make it the children’s duty to help with housework，the children will feel needed. (2)“Please help yourselves(you) and feel at ease，” our host told us. (3)得知俱乐部正在招募新成员，我忍不住写信邀请你加入我们。(应用文写作之邀请信) Hearing that the club is recruiting new members，I can’t help writing to you to invite you to join us. (4)无论我何时陷入麻烦，我的英语老师总是第一个帮我摆脱困难的人。(话题写作之人物介绍) Whenever I get into trouble，my English teacher is always the first to help me out. every time引导时间状语从句　Perhaps the meal you said was“delicious”will be served every time you visit.也许被你评价为“很好吃”的菜肴会在你每次到访时都出现在餐桌上。 •every time相当于each time，是名词短语用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次……的时候”。 •for the first time 表示“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。 (1)每次我陷入困境向他求助，他都尽其所能帮助我。(话题写作之人物介绍) Every time I get into trouble and turn to him，he will do everything in his power to help me out. (2)坦白说，他第一次上这位年轻老师的课时就对她的课感兴趣。 ①To be frank，he became interested in the young teacher’s lesson the first time he attended her class. ②To be frank，he became interested in the young teacher’s lesson when he attended her class for the first time. (3)下次你来我们的城市时，一定要提前给我打电话，以便我可以做一些必要的安排。 The next time you visit our city，you must call me ahead of schedule so that I can make some necessary arrangements. 用法点拨　常见的可用作从属连词的名词短语或副词还有：the first time第一次……时，(the) next time 下次……时，any time任何时候，(the) last time上次……时等。 1．(2022·全国乙)With their ability to see ahead，they could signal any problem，so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time. 由于它们能够看到前方，它们可以就任何问题发出警示，这样，快速行驶的列车就能及时做出反应。 2．(2022·全国甲)Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. 了解一些技巧将有助于确保你与朋友或家人愉快的共餐——无论你在世界的何处。 3．(2021·北京)The woman’s eye fell on the man’s face，and she immediately looked down and adjusted her scarf. 女士看了下男子的面孔，然后立即低下头调整了围巾。 4．(2021·北京)Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved，the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased. 最近的研究表明，如果争吵得到解决，与之相关的情绪反应会显著减少或几乎完全消除。 5．(2019·全国Ⅰ)If the air you’re breathing is clean—which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. 如果你呼吸的是新鲜空气——如果你远离城市的雾霾，那么它就是新鲜的——新鲜的空气含有丰富的给人以生命的氧气。 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．tear (1)The polar bear walked towards the fence seeking to tear it down to attack us.(2020·浙江，读后续写) B (2)We spotted her waving goodbye to her mother in a flood of tears. C (3)A muscle tear will leave a scar after healing. A 2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)He spotted her steaming down the corridor towards him.快速行走；疾行 (2)He signalled his discontent by refusing to vote.表达，表示 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．He applied for the position but was refused，which let him down. 2．Criticised(criticise) by his teacher，the boy finally realized he should have taken these suggestions into account. 3．As far as we are concerned(concern)，sustainable development is of great significance in the world today. 4．He constantly finds fault with me，which affects my mood very much. 5．Moreover，a swimmer can’t swim under water very long，because he must take a breath. 6．Whenever you are faced with severe challenges，turn to me without hesitation.I can help you out. 7．To achieve the target，the staff had to get the disagreement resolved(resolve)． 8．To be frank，it was not what he said after the lecture that annoyed(annoy) us but the way he said those words. 9．When she got into the room，it took a few seconds for her eyes to adjust to the darkness. 10. Fortunately，after days of hard work，the soldiers found the ship sinking(sink) into the sea in time. Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练 (话题写作之人际交往) 1．有朋友在身边，你可以很快适应新环境。(adjust to) With friends around you，you can adjust to the new environment quickly. 2．从询问他们的喜好开始对话的原因是为了找到有共同兴趣的人。(The reason for...is to do...) The reason for beginning the conversation by asking their likes is to find people with common interests. 3．不论多忙，我认为你最好参加一些同学间的活动。(疑问词＋ever) However busy you are，I think you’d better take part in some activities among your classmates. 4．我们都知道当有困难时只有朋友才会向我们伸出援手。(It＋be＋过去分词＋that...) It is known to us that only our friends will give us a helping hand when we are in trouble. 5．我希望这些建议将有助于你尽快地交到更多新朋友。(doing的复合结构) I hope these tips will contribute to your making more new friends as soon as possible. Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练 教材续写语料 1．情感描写 agony n．痛楚，苦难 concern n．忧虑，担心 annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的 embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情 tear n．眼泪，泪水 2．动作描写 help out 帮一把 take a breath 吸一口气 ensure v．确保，保证 forgive v．原谅，宽恕 criticise v．批评，指责 deceive v．欺骗 justify v．证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理；为……辩护 sink v．(心情)变得沉重；(情绪)变低落 resolve v．决心；决定 let down 使失望，辜负 let off steam 发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 3．人物性格描写 frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的 independent adj.独立的 续写语料运用 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 Tom快速走出商店，既开心又担心。他担心会让妈妈失望，担心妈妈会生气。思虑再三，他决心把书归还商店。他深吸一口气，走进商店，尴尬地拿出书，说：“请原谅我没有付钱拿走了这本书。”令他震惊的是，店主没有批评他，而是承诺把书送给他，条件是他在店里打两天工。一回到家，Tom就把一切告诉了妈妈。妈妈拥抱住Tom，流下了高兴的眼泪。 Tom walked out of the store quickly，happy and concerned.He was concerned that he would let his mother down and his mother would be annoyed.Thinking twice，he resolved to return the book to the store.He took a deep breath，walked into the store and took out the book in embarrassment，saying “Please forgive me for taking the book without paying.” To his shock，the owner didn’t criticize him but promised to give the book to him on condition that he would work in his store for 2 days.Upon arriving home，Tom told everything to his mother.The mother put her arms around Tom，tears of joy rolling down. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$