必修第一册 Unit 4 Friends forever（教师用书word）-【步步高】2024年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（外研版 鲁琼辽津渝粤贵桂黑京晋）

Ⅰ.认阅读单词 1．digital adj.数字的，数码的 2．site n．网站 3．bathwater n．浴水，洗澡水 4．goods n．商品 5．diagram n．图解，示意图 6．pot n．锅 7．gram n．克 8．pack n．小盒，小包 9．slice n．片，薄片 10．scar n．伤疤 11．destiny n．命运，天命 12．correspond v．通信 13．excerpt n．摘录，节录 14．cigar n．雪茄烟 Ⅱ.记重点单词 1．forever adv.永远 2．familiar adj.熟悉的 3．maintain v．保持，维持 4．click v．点击(鼠标) 5．update n．最新消息 6．saying n．格言，谚语，警句 7．acquire v．获得，得到 8．teenager n．青少年，十几岁的孩子(13到19岁之间的孩子) 9．pour v．灌，注，倒 10．quality n．素质，品德 11．postpone v．使(事件、行动等)延期，推迟 12．ordinary adj.普通的，平常的 13．drag v．拖，拉 14．partner n．伙伴，搭档 15．strike v．划(火柴) 16．plain adj.简单的，朴素的 17．scene n．场景 18．personality n．个性，性格 19．atmosphere n．气氛，氛围，环境 Ⅲ.知拓展单词 1．adventure n．历险(经历)，奇遇→adventurous adj.爱冒险的；大胆的；充满危险的 2．prefer v．更喜欢→preference n．偏爱；优先权 3．deliver v．递送，传送→delivery n．传递，递送 4．advance n．进步；进展 vi.前进；取得进展→advanced adj.先进的；高级的 5．significantly adv.重大地；显著地→significant adj.重大的；显著的→significance n．意义；重要性 6．enable v．使可能，使发生→able adj.能干的；有能力的→ability n．能力→unable adj.不能的；没有能力的 7．unusual adj.异常的，不平常的→usual adj.寻常的 8．tend v．易于做某事，往往会发生某事→tendency n．趋势；趋向 9．criminal n．罪犯 adj.犯罪的→crime n．犯罪；罪行 10．prove v．证明，证实→proof n．证明；证据 11．illustrate v．(举例)说明，阐明→illustration n．说明；例证；图解 12．inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；使人振奋的→inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考→inspired adj.受启发的；受鼓舞的→inspiration n．灵感；启发 13．comfort n．安慰，慰藉 vt.安慰；抚慰→comfortable adj.舒适的，舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 14．patience n．耐心→patient adj.耐心的 n．病人→patiently adv.耐心地→impatiently adv.没有耐心地 15．passion n．强烈的情感，激情→passionate adj.热诚的；狂热的 16．generosity n．慷慨，大方→generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→generously adv.慷慨地，大方地 17．humour n．幽默感→humorous adj.幽默的 18．anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的→anxiously adv.焦虑地，不安地→anxiety n．焦虑，不安 19．distance v．使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系 n．距离→distant adj.遥远的；疏远的；心不在焉的 20．fortune n．大笔的钱；运气；幸运→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地 21．appointed adj.约定的，指定的→appoint v．约定；任命→appointment n．约会；任命 22．bitterly adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj.苦的；愤愤不平的→bitterness n．苦难；苦味 23．ashamed adj.感到不好意思的，难为情的→shame n．羞耻，羞愧，憾事→shameful adj.可耻的，不体面的→shameless adj.不知羞耻的 24．unfold v．(卷着的东西)展开，打开→fold v．折叠；合拢 25．location n．地点，位置→locate v．位于；确定……的位置→located adj.位于；坐落在 26．surroundings n．周围的事物，环境→surround vt.包围；围绕→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的 增加词汇来助力 1．allergic adj.过敏的 2．alphabet n．字母表 3．alternative adj.可选择的 n．可供选择的事物 4．altitude n．高地；高度 5．altogether adv.总共 6．amateur adj.业余的；外行的 n．业余选手 7．amazing adj.令人惊讶的 8．ambition n．野心；壮志 9．ambulance n．救护车 10．amusement n．娱乐 11．analyze vt.分析 12．analysis n．分析(pl.analyses) Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．lose track of不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态 2．thanks to幸亏；多亏了；归功于 3．social media社交媒体 4．throw the baby out with the bathwater不分良莠一起抛弃 5．make one’s fortune发财 6．ought to 应该，应当 7．turn up出现，露面 8．stay in touch with与……保持联系 9．be up to胜任；取决于；忙于 10．keep...in mind将……记住 11．work out 解决；消耗完；锻炼 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered？(What if...“要是……会怎么样/怎么办？”) 要是获知远方朋友消息的唯一方式是写信，而信件会花很长时间邮寄，那会怎么样呢？ 2．Whatever our hobbies，the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them，even if they live on the other side of the world.(whatever引导让步状语从句) 不管我们的爱好是什么，我们都能在网上结识同好，哪怕他们生活在世界的另一端。 3．But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.(what引导主语从句) 但是我们要牢记：我们在社交媒体上看到的信息往往不是一个人的全部真实情况。 4．This makes it clear to the other person that you are giving them a choice.(make＋it＋adj./n.＋that从句) 这让对方明白你是在给他们一个选择。 5．We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made，whatever they were going to be.(have＋宾语＋宾补) 我们认为，不管要做什么，二十年的时间里，我们每个人都应该已经有了自己的命运和财富。 6.I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight，and it’s worth it if my old partner turns up.(be worth) 今晚，我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只要我的老朋友出现，这一切就都是值得的。 请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。 Friendship is a very important part of human life.Friendship contains encouragement and 1.comfort，friendship reflects generosity and passion，and friendship helps to relieve 2.anxiety and bitterness.In our life，3.thanks to our friends，we can make 4.advances and eventually acquire great success.Whenever we are in trouble，it is friends that we can turn to for help.And whatever happens，it is the 5.inspiring words from friends that encourage us to advance towards our goal. Friendship is like a bowl of delicious soup that we all like.But to improve the quality of friendship，we also have to 6.pour in a few grams of “smiles”，add a pack of “similar interests”，and finally put in a slice of “humour”． 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的 (unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的) (sb) be/get familiar with (sth)熟悉……；与……熟悉起来 (sth) be familiar to (sb)为……所熟悉 (1)None of us has ever been there，so the local customs are not so familiar to me and my partners. (2)让我感到高兴的是“中国—爱尔兰文化节”帮助我熟悉了你们的国家。(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作) I was happy that China-Ireland Cultural Festival helped me become familiar with your country. prefer v．(preferred；preferred；preferring)更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)(preference n．偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物) •prefer to do/doing...更喜欢做…… prefer sb to do...更喜欢让某人做…… prefer (doing) A to (doing) B 与(做)B相比更喜欢(做)A “宁愿做A而不愿做B”的常用表达有： •have/show (a) preference for...偏爱…… (1)Unlike fast-food places，fine dining shops prefer customers to stay(stay) longer and spend. (2)A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils but maintain fairness. (3)中学生们宁愿待在家里看电视而不愿参加户外活动。(应用文写作之议论文) ①Middle school students prefer to stay at home watching TV rather than take part in outdoor activities.(prefer to do...rather than do...) ②Middle school students prefer staying at home watching TV to taking part in outdoor activities.(prefer...to...) ③Middle school students would stay at home watching TV rather than take part in outdoor activities.(would do...rather than do...) ④Middle school students would rather stay at home watching TV than take part in outdoor activities.(would rather do...than do...) advance v．促进；前进；提前 n．前进；进步(advanced adj.先进的；高级的；高深的) •advance on/towards sb/sth向某人/物前进 •in advance(＝ahead of time)预先；事先 in advance of (时间上)提前于…… (1)任何想要参加高级文学课程的人必须提前报名。 Anyone who wants to take the advanced literature course must sign up for it in advance/ahead of time. (2)在我的鼓励下，大卫站了起来，向起跑线走去。(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) With my encouragement，David stood up and advanced on/towards the starting line. (3)为了取得好成绩，你最好提前准备。(应用文写作之邀请信) To get a good result，you had better prepare for it in advance. anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的；渴望的 (anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望 anxiously adv.焦虑地) •be anxious about担心…… be anxious for担心……；渴望得到…… be anxious to do/that...渴望做……，非常希望做…… •with anxiety(＝anxiously adv.)焦急地 (1)The couple are waiting for their daughter’s reply with anxiety(anxious)． (2)—Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview. —Lack of self-confidence is his Achilles’ heel，I am afraid. (3)我们真的很关心，也很想知道你的最新情况。(2020·浙江，应用文写作) We are really concerned and anxious to learn about your updates. fortune n．机会；运气；大笔的钱；财富；命运 (fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的 fortunately adv.幸运地 unfortunately adv.不幸地) •seek/try one’s fortune找出路；碰运气 make a fortune发财；赚钱 have the good fortune to do sth有幸做某事 •be fortunate to do sth/in doing sth有幸做某事 (1)He went to America to seek his fortune and imagined he would be very fortunate，but unfortunately，he couldn’t even make ends meet.(fortune) (2)我有幸得到一次沿丝绸之路旅行的宝贵机会。 ①I am fortunate to get/in getting a precious opportunity to travel along the Silk Road.(fortunate) ②I have the good fortune to get a precious opportunity to travel along the Silk Road.(fortune) strike vi.& vt.(struck；struck/stricken)击打；罢工；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；打动；突然想起 n．罢工；袭击 (striking adj.显著的；突出的；引人注目的) •be struck with/by被……所袭击(打动) sth strike(s) sb某人想到…… It strikes sb that...某人突然想起…… (＝It occurs to/hits sb that...) •on strike在罢工 (1)There was a time when many workers were on strike for higher wages，but they often ended up failing. (2)被他为我所做的事情所感动，我不能自已，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(读后续写之心理描写) ①Because I was struck by what he had done for me，I couldn’t contain myself，tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks. ②Struck by what he had done for me，I couldn’t contain myself，tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.(用过去分词短语作状语改写) (3)John突然想起，他们可以利用社交媒体帮助 Bernard出售爆米花。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) It struck/occurred to/hit John that they could use social media to help Bernard sell his popcorn. ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的，难为情的 (shame n．羞耻；羞愧；憾事 shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的；不体面的 shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的) •be/feel ashamed of...为……感到羞愧 be ashamed to do...耻于做……；因做……而羞愧 ·It’s a shame that...……是令人遗憾的事。 (1)Only those who have no sense of shame can do such shameful/shameless things.(shame) (2)We are often ashamed of our shortcomings，our mistakes and our failures.(2020·全国Ⅰ) (3)It is a shame that I couldn’t arrive at the appointed time. (4)我是如此羞愧，以致我感觉心如刀绞，泪水模糊了我的双眼。(读后续写之羞愧描写) ①I was so ashamed that I felt as if a knife were being twisted in my heart，tears clouding my eyes.(运用so...that句型) ②So ashamed was I that I felt as if a knife were being twisted in my heart，tears clouding my eyes.(运用so...that句型的倒装形式) turn up 出现，露面；卷起，竖起；开大(音量) turn down拒绝；调小 turn out结果是；生产；制造 turn to求助；翻到；查阅 turn in上交 (1)用turn短语的正确形式填空 ①The games my parents taught me when I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life. ②My patient didn’t turn up at the appointed time；that is，she broke an appointment. ③If you have any questions，don’t hesitate to turn to me for advice. (2)我很抱歉拒绝本周末和你一起外出的邀请，因为我刚被告知我有一个很重要的会议要参加。(2021·北京，书面表达) I’m sorry to turn down the invitation to go out with you this weekend，because I have just been informed that I’ll have an important meeting to attend. What if...　What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered？要是获知远方朋友消息的唯一方式是写信，而信件会花很长时间邮寄，那会怎么样呢？ •What if...？意为“要是……会怎么样，如果……将会怎样”，可以看作“What will happen if...？”的省略形式。 •What/How about...？……怎么样？ •What (...) for？为什么？/(……)是干什么用的？ •So what？那又怎么样？ Jeff小声说道：“为妈妈准备一顿美味的早餐怎么样？要是我们失败了怎么办呀？”Jenna双眼兴奋地闪闪发光，回答说：“那又怎么样？至少我们竭尽全力为母亲做点事情了。”(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) Jeff whispered，“What/How about preparing a tasty breakfast for our mother？What if we fail？” Jenna responded with her eyes glittering with excitement，“So what？At least we have spared no effort to do something for our mother.” make＋it＋形容词/名词＋that从句　This makes it clear to the other person that you are giving them a choice.这让对方明白你是在给他们一个选择。 •此句型中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的从句，类似句型还有： make＋it＋形容词/名词＋不定式 make＋it＋useless/no use/no good...＋doing sth •常用于这种句型的动词有：consider，think，feel，find等。 (1)He made it clear that he was not interested in the new surroundings there. (2)要想提高你的写作水平，你最好把每天写日记当成习惯。(应用文写作之建议信) To improve your writing，you’d better make it a rule to keep a diary every day. (3)我认为读一些经典小说来扩大我们的知识面对我们学生来说是有用的。 ①I think it useful for us students to read some classic novels to widen our knowledge.(think it＋adj.＋to do) ②I think it useful that we students should read some classic novels to widen our knowledge.(think it＋adj.＋that...) (4)我认为抱怨没用，相反，我应该立即行动起来。 I feel it no use complaining；instead，I should take action immediately. 1．(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)As a special education teacher at the school，I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 作为学校的一名特殊教育教师，我熟知大卫所面临的挑战，并为他坚定的决心而感到自豪。 2．(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain，still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs. 虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。 3．(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)It’s affordable，and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. 这里物美价廉、有趣安静。 4．(2021·天津第一次笔试)Family Alliance is looking for people who can deliver hot Chinese meals one to two times a week for people with disabilities in north suburban Fairfield County. Family Alliance正在寻找每周能在北部郊区的费尔菲尔德县为残障人士运送一到两次热的中餐的人。 5．(2020·全国Ⅰ)While I tend to buy a lot of books，these three were given to me as gifts，which might add to the meaning I attach to them. 虽然我通常买很多书，但这三本书都是作为礼物送给我的，这可能会增加我赋予它们的意义。 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．deliver (1)The princess has been delivered of a healthy baby boy. B (2)As a student representative，I am greatly honored to deliver a speech here. C (3)His parents always had him weeding the garden and delivering newspapers. A 2．strike (1)The workers went on strike for a pay rise. F (2)I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning. C (3)I was struck by his inspiring words，and I decided to cooperate with him. D (4)It struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day. E (5)When a disaster strikes，you might find yourself without water，gas and electricity. A (6)It gave me a shock that an apple fell off the tree and struck me on the head. B 3．turn up (1)Don’t worry.I’m sure your missing medal will turn up sooner or later. B (2)I can’t hear the music.Please turn up the radio. A (3)He turned up his coat collar against the chill wind. C 4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)The responsible doctor tends every patient in his charge.料理；照顾 (2)The fans poured out of the stadium cheering wildly，which was a splendid scene.不断涌向 (3)The burning of fossil fuels results in the pollution of the atmosphere.大气(层) (4)It was plain to everyone that she was unusually anxious.明显的 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．His mother is always anxious about his study，but he spends all his time playing computer games，ignoring his mother’s anxiety.(anxious) 2．My money is running out，so I have no choice but to postpone buying(buy) the advanced facilities. 3．What makes my mother anxious is that I have fast food delivered(deliver) to my office regularly. 4．Readers tended to share(share) articles that were inspiring or funny. 5．The man，an athlete，prefers reading(read) books written by Mo Yan to watching TV series based on his novels. 6．Finally，we reached an agreement to make a timetable of our routines in advance，and finish our lessons and homework on time every day.(2020·北京，书面表达) 7．It struck(strike) me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team. 8．I use the Spring Festival as an example because it is familiar to most readers. 9．I am ashamed to admit(admit) that I have never read the series of Harry Potter. 10．When the criminal turned up at the court，the old lady was somehow a little bit nervous. Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练 (2020·全国Ⅰ)——我最尊敬的人 1．不管我遇到什么问题，我的父亲总是耐心倾听，鼓励我勇敢面对那些问题。(whatever引导让步状语从句) Whatever problems I come across，my father always listens to me patiently and encourages me to face them bravely. 2．我从他身上学到的一点就是我们应该全心投入到正在做的事情上。(what引导主语从句) What I learn from him is that we should put our whole heart into what we’re doing. 3．一旦他埋头于自己的研究，你就无法把他从实验室拖出来。(drag) Once he is buried in his research，you can’t drag him out of his lab. 4．尽管有许多工作要做，他还是努力使我的家人受到很好的照顾，给我提供舒适的环境。(have sth done) Despite loads of work to do，he still tries his best to have my family well taken care of and offer me a comfortable atmosphere. 5．我确实认为我的父亲，一个幽默和热情的人，就是最值得我尊敬和欣赏的人。(be worth，passion) I do think my father，a man of humor and passion，is the person worth my respect and appreciation most. Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练 教材续写语料 1．情感描写 inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的 pour v．灌，注，倒，涌流 anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的 bitterly adv.痛苦地，愤恨地 strike v．打动 ashamed adj.感到不好意思的，难为情的 2．动作描写 comfort vt.安慰，抚慰→comforting adj.令人安慰的 distance v．使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系 3．人物描写 patience n．耐心 passion n．强烈的情感，激情 generosity n．慷慨，大方 humour n．幽默感 quality n．素质，品德 ordinary adj.普通的，平常的 scar n．伤疤 plain adj.简单的，朴素的 personality n．个性，性格 tend v．易于做某事，往往会发生某事 续写语料运用 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 (读后续写——鼓起勇气发表演讲) 他非常紧张，两腿发抖，汗水嗒嗒地从脸上流下。他甚至一个字也说不出，这让他很羞愧。他正要放弃，这时他看到了Jasen先生令人安慰的目光。他想起了他鼓舞人心的话语。终于，他鼓起勇气开始了他不寻常的演讲。观众被他的勇气打动了，在演讲结束的时候起身为他鼓掌。 He was very nervous with his legs trembling and sweats pouring down his cheeks.He couldn’t even utter a single word，which made him ashamed.He was about to give up when he saw Mr Jasen’s comforting glances.His inspiring words came back to his mind.Finally，he gathered courage to begin his unusual speech.The audience were struck by his courage and they rose to applaud for him when the speech ended. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$