Unit 1 Period 2 Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（译林版2020）

Period 2　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．My bedroom is 4 meters in length and 3 meters in width. 2．We all know that the sun has an impact on all living things. 3．Without a proper warm-up，exercise may do more harm than good instead. 4．These trees have survived for millions(百万) of years. 5．A good way to protect species(物种) under threat of extinction is to let them go back to zoos and breed them there. 6．Somehow，there was a mass(大量，一大群) of people around the supermarket entrance. 7．The storm caused some damage(损坏) to some houses，but they were not destroyed. 8．We like going fishing at this lake on weekends，where there are more than 20 varieties(种类) of fish. 9．Mary enjoyed feeling the warm sand beneath(在……下面) her feet. 10．He was surprised that many species of wildlife had disappeared from our planet forever. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．To describe it at length，you’d better lengthen your report so that the workshop(研讨会) will be a little longer.(length) 2．His appearance seemed very particular and his disappearance from the party appeared very strange.(disappear) 3．Staying up constantly can be harmful to your health.In fact it does more harm than good.(harm) 4．The old man was the only survivor who survived that terrible battle.He told a reporter that he had to survive on little food left during those days.His survival was a real wonder.(survive) 5．France is the world’s second biggest exporter of agricultural(agriculture) products. 6．There are various kinds of storybooks in the store，varying from Chinese stories to English stories.(variety) 7．Shortly after suffering from a massive(mass) earthquake，the city took on a new look. 8．You are supposed to take some nutritious food to ensure you obtain enough nutrients.(nutrient) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．Lots of homework to do，the little boy had to stay at home all day.(独立主格结构) 由于有很多家庭作业要做，小男孩只好一整天待在家里。 2．Lying on the floor was a wounded peasant boy.(全部倒装) 躺在地板上的是一个受伤的农家男孩。 3．The museum houses a wide range of antiques，among which a vase dating back to the Ming Dynasty attracts me most.(介词＋which引导定语从句) 这个博物馆收藏了各种各样的古董，其中一个明代的花瓶最吸引我。 4．While I admit his good points，I can see his shortcomings.(while引导让步状语从句) 尽管我承认他的优点，但我也发现了他的不足。 harm n．& vt.伤害，损害(harmful adj.有害的 harmless adj.无害的；无恶意的) •do/cause harm to sb/sth＝do/cause sb/sth harm对……有害 There is no harm in doing sth.做某事并无害处。 do (sb) more harm than good(对某人)弊大于利 •be harmful to...对……有害 (1)It is known to us that many poisonous chemicals are released into the air，harming(harm) our living environment. (2)There is no harm in giving gifts to children，but they should not be rewards. (3)The doctor says that this material is harmless(harm) to human beings and has no impact on our health. (4)(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ)The task John set for himself was to remove harmful(harm) substances from some sludge(污泥)． (5)(应用文写作之建议信)不可否认，过度使用互联网在一定程度上损害了我们的身心健康。 ①There is no denying that overusing the Internet to some extent harms our physical and mental health.(harm vt.) ②There is no denying that overusing the Internet to some extent does/causes harm to our physical and mental health.(harm n．) ③There is no denying that overusing the Internet to some extent is harmful to our physical and mental health.(harmful) variety n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体(various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的 vary v．改变；不同) 种类繁多的；各种各样的 •vary from...to...从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动 vary with...随着……而变化 vary in...在……方面变化/有差异 (1)(2022·全国甲)Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange，but they are important in various(vary) countries. (2)(2021·新课标全国Ⅰ)When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America，the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety(vary) of wildlife. (3)The research team is made up of pupils whose ages vary from 10 to 15. (4)The scenery of the Three Gorges varies with the seasons，and you can enjoy different pleasures. (5)Our school has built a new stadium.It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities. →Our school has built a new stadium，which has various/varieties of/a variety of well-equipped facilities.(定语从句；词汇升级) survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难(survival n．生存；幸存 survivor n．生还者，幸存者) survive sth幸免于……；从……活过来 survive on依靠……生活 survive sb by...比某人多活…… survive from...从……时留存/流传下来 (1)If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest，there would be little chance of survival(survive)． (2)Mr Wang was the only survivor in his family，who survived the earthquake in 1976.(survive) (3)Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving on entirely discarded(丢弃的) food. (4)Although the old lady suffered from a serious illness，she still survived her husband by 5 years. (5)According to the expert，some strange customs have survived from earlier times. 据专家说，有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。 damage vt.& n．损害，伤害；损坏，破坏 •do/cause damage to...对……造成损害 •damage one’s health损害某人的健康 (1)I have a very strong fear that the lie we’re telling is doing spiritual damage to our children. (2)(应用文写作之倡议书)We’d better get rid of the bad habit of smoking，for smoking can do/cause damage to our health. 我们最好改掉吸烟的坏习惯，因为吸烟会对我们的健康造成损害。 [辨析]　damage，destroy与ruin damage 程度较小的“破坏，损坏”，强调价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，一般可修复 destroy 常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏，毁坏”；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等 ruin 表示“毁坏，毁灭”，指彻底的毁坏，原因通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等，多用于比喻。ruin还可用于美好经历或有用东西的损坏 •The illness has ruined my life.这个病毁掉了我的生活。 •The bomb completely destroyed that building.炸弹彻底炸毁了那栋建筑。 •You have damaged my bike; you’d better get it repaired.你弄坏了我的自行车，你最好找人修修。 in turn 相应地，转而；轮流，依次 by turns轮流地，交替地 take turns to do sth轮流做某事 it’s one’s turn to do sth轮到某人做某事 it turns/turned out that...结果是…… (1)用turn的相关短语填空 (2020·天津)一些学生代表轮流在成人礼上发言。最后轮到我发言了。就我个人而言，过去是我们的父母和老师在很多方面帮助了我们，相应地，从现在起我们应该帮助他们。 Some student representatives took turns to deliver speeches at the coming-of-age ceremony.Finally，it was my turn.Personally，in the past it was our parents and teachers that helped us in many aspects and in turn，we should give a helping hand to them from now on. (2)(2023·全国乙)As it turned out，Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she defeated two Russians. 结果，道格拉斯击败了两名俄罗斯选手，这正是她成为奥运会冠军所需要做的。 due to 由于，因为(due adj.由于，因为；预定的；到期的；适当的；应支付 n．应有的权利) be due to do sth预期做某事 be due to sb应支付/归于某人 be due for sth预定做某事；应得到某物 (1)(2021·全国乙)Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel，various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. (2)The old man said the accident was due to careless driving，so a lot of money was due to be paid (pay) by the driver. 写出下列句子中黑体词的词性及汉语意思 (3)The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books.adj.到期的 (4)After due consideration it was decided to send him away to live with his foster parents.adj.适当的 倍数表达法 教材原句　With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. 亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。(P2) more than half the size of China是“倍数表达法”的一种表达形式。英语中常见的倍数表达方式有： •A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/...)＋of＋B •A＋be＋倍数＋形容词/副词(比较级)＋than＋B •A＋be＋倍数＋as＋形容词/副词(原级)＋as＋B •A＋be＋倍数＋what从句 注意：表达“两倍”时，用twice或double，三倍或以上时则用“基数词＋times”来表达。表示倍数也可用分数、百分数，half等其他程度状语。 (1)My school has expanded into a big one，which is twice as big as the former one. (2)The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster (fast) than traditional garbage as a whole. (3)The number of students now in this region is four times what it was ten years ago. (4)这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们的学校是十年前的三倍大。 ①The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our school is three times the size of what it was ten years ago.(size) ②The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our school is three times as large as what it was ten years ago.(as) ③The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our school is three times larger than what it was ten years ago.(than) “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 教材原句　The Amazon River，from which the rainforest gets its name，is close to 6,400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. 亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6 400千米，比长江还长大约100千米。(P2) from which the rainforest gets its name是“介词＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰The Amazon River。 •“介词＋关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词只能用which或whom。修饰物时用which，修饰人时用whom。 •介词的确定根据以下方面来选择： ①句意； ②定语从句中谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配； ③表示所属关系或者表示“整体中的一部分”都用of。 (1)I bought a great many books about climate，on which I spent all my money that I had saved. (2)Many young people，most of whom are well-educated，realize the importance of the biodiversity on the Earth. (3)(应用文写作之校园生活)I have actively attended English lectures，from which I have a good knowledge of British and American cultures.我积极参加了英语讲座，从中我充分了解了英美文化。 (4)(应用文写作之环保活动)The activity，the aim of which is to raise our awareness of environmental protection，appeals to a mass of volunteers. 这个旨在提高我们的环境保护意识的活动吸引了很多志愿者。 完全倒装结构 教材原句　Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. 往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。(P3) Above that is the mass of leaf litter...是完全倒装结构。正常语序为The mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor is above that. 有时为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，可用全部倒装结构。构成全部倒装结构的条件： •表示地点或方位的副词here，there，up，down，out，in，away；表示时间的副词now，then; 表语以及表示地点的介词短语位于句首。 •谓语动词通常是表示姿势的不及物动词(如crouch，hang，lie，sit，stand等)和表示行动的不及物动词(如come，die，go，run，live，rise等)。 注意：句子的主语是名词时主谓需要倒装，如果句子的主语是代词，则主谓不倒装。 (1)As soon as the bell rang，out rushed(rush) the children. (2)(应用文写作之景点介绍)To the west of the city stands(stand) an old library in which many ancient books are well preserved. (3)(应用文写作之建议信)Here are some suggestions on how to keep a balance between a part-time job and study. 以下是如何平衡兼职工作和学习的一些建议。 (4)(应用文写作之校园介绍)In the centre of our school lies our library，which is between the garden and the teaching building. 我们学校的中心矗立着我们的图书馆，它在花园和教学楼之间。 (5)(读后续写之人物动作描写)Standing outside the classroom is a boy，lowering his head and crying silently.正站在教室外的是一位男孩，低着头默默地哭着。 Ⅰ.一词多义 break down A.使分解为，使变化成　B.停止运转，出故障　C.谈判等失败　D.打破，消除　E.垮掉 1．The computer system broke down suddenly，causing great losses to the company. B 2．Sugar and starch(淀粉) are broken down in the stomach. A 3．If you often take on more work than you can do，your health will break down sooner or later. E 4．Negotiations between the two sides have broken down. C 5．She made numerous efforts to break down colour lines in public places. D Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere，the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots，yet still manages to add a special twist.(2023·全国甲)n.基础；根基 2．The building is open to the public and houses a museum of motorcycles and cars. vt.给……提供场地；安置 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The extinction of some wildlife is due to the bad climate. 2．Sadly，the storm in this region did a lot of damage to the crops，causing a great loss. 3．Mankind has only one Earth，and it is home to all countries. 4．I want to thank you in person for the impact you have had on my life. 5．It is also hugely important for parents to know(know) which apps their children are using. 6．Today it is his turn to collect(collect) the children from school in the community. 7．We will hold a meeting to discuss the plan at length next week. 8．Judging from/by his accent，he comes from the south of our country. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．The area now is home to 1,600 threatened species，including grizzly bears and jaguars. 2．As is known to us，frogs usually feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. 3．The local residents cut down a lot of hardwood，damaging many birds’ homes. 4．Which one would you like to buy? We have a variety of medals here for you to choose from. 5．China’s National Highway 318，from Shanghai to Tibet，is known as the “heavenly road” for its amazing views. Ⅲ.单句写作 1．2019年，被称为“地球之肺”的亚马孙热带雨林发生了特大火灾。(break out) A huge fire broke out in the Amazon rainforest known as the “lungs of the earth” in 2019. 2．火灾对生态系统造成了严重破坏。(do damage to) The fire did serious damage to the ecosystem. 3．碳排放可能导致全球变暖。(lead to) Carbon emissions may lead to global warming. 4．实际上，近年来由于人类的活动，该雨林一直在遭到破坏。(due to) In fact，the rainforest has been being destroyed in recent years due to human activities. 5．如果不被控制，这片美丽的雨林将从地球上消失。(disappear) If it is not controlled，this beautiful rainforest will disappear from the earth. Ⅳ.阅读理解 (2023·江苏泰州高一期中) A new study says the Amazon rainforest is nearing a tipping point(临界点) in its decline that could see the biologically rich and diverse ecosystem turned into a savannah(热带草原)． “The Amazon is losing its ability to recover from disturbances like drought and extreme weather.Deforestation and climate change are likely the main drivers of this decline，” study co-author Niklas Boers said in a statement.The researchers say they’ve found evidence of this decline across 75 percent of the Amazon. “It’s worth reminding ourselves that if it gets to that tipping point and we commit to losing the Amazon rainforest，we will get significant feedback on global climate change，” said Timothy Lenton，a scientist and co-author of the study. The research team looked at three decades’ worth of satellite data，paying close attention to trees and other plants after extreme events.The researchers concluded that the forest，which is essential for oxygen production and carbon sequestration(碳封存)，has been losing its resilience for the last two decades. The researchers say the forest is nearing a tipping point，but the arrival date is unclear as a number of factors can push it closer to or farther from that edge.It’s just too challenging to estimate when the change may occur.But the scientists warn that once the tipping point has been crossed，the change could happen quickly. The news comes after the Amazon recorded record levels of deforestation in Brazil in January.Animal agriculture is causing deforestation in the Amazon，as Brazil is now the world’s top beef exporter.Last November，the EU took steps to ban beef linked to deforestation.“What we propose is a pioneering initiative，” Virginijus Sinkevicius，the EU environment commissioner，said.“The EU action alone will not solve the problem.We also need major markets like the US to clean up their supply chain.” 语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文。新的研究表明，由于滥伐森林和气候变化，亚马孙雨林正逐渐退化。 1．What can we learn from the study? A．The Amazon rainforest is in danger of changing into grassland. B．The Amazon rainforest has reached the point of no return. C．Scientists are convinced that the change could happen quickly. D．Scientists are unclear about what is responsible for the decline. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，从研究报告可以看出，亚马孙雨林正面临着变成草原的危险，故选A。 2．What does the underlined word “resilience” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．The ability to predict the future. B．The ability to rise to challenges. C．The ability to remain unchanged. D．The ability to go back to normal. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据第四段首句可知，专家是研究了三十年来森林在极端事件后的变化，结合画线词前的“has been losing its...”可知，森林在经历了极端事件后，已经无法完全恢复到之前的状态，故推测resilience与D项“回归正常的能力”意思接近，故选D。 3．What does the EU environment commissioner expect? A．Deforestation will become easy to deal with. B．The export of beef should be banned. C．More countries should join hands. D．The EU should adopt strict measures. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We also need major markets like the US to clean up their supply chain.”可知，欧盟环境专员希望更多的国家和欧盟一起努力来应对这一问题，故选C。 4．What is the text likely to be? A．An adventure diary. B．A scientific report. C．An official proposal. D．A biology textbook. 答案　B 解析　文章体裁题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，新的研究表明，亚马孙雨林正在接近其退化的临界点，文章主要介绍了该研究的方法和结论，故可推知，文章属于一篇科学报道，故选B。 Ⅴ.完形填空 (2022·江苏无锡高一期末) With the rise of social media in recent years，young people around the globe have easy access to shocking 1 about how we’re currently 2 to look after the Earth.Websites provide accessible information about 3 matters that quickly have millions of views，and links(链接) to new scientific information are easily 4 .But，it’s not just online research that uncovers the 5 ，and it’s not a distant threat either. 6 change is happening around us; our oceans are 30 percent more acidic(酸性的) and one and a half acres of forest are cut down every second. Of course，just because 7 people are now readily armed with such information doesn’t mean all 8 will eagerly listen to them.Many 9 young activists simply due to their age，and others still aren’t willing to see the environmental 10 we face，but that doesn’t mean a 11 can’t be made. In fact，there are some 12 to being a young environmentalist.A study on participants aged 16－24 in the UN climate negotiations showed that adults thought of younger activists as being more 13 due to the lack of financial incentives(财务刺激)．Young activists not only aren’t 14 by busy schedules being forced on them，but they also have a simple-hearted view of what’s going on and，being 15 from politics，they often say what adults aren’t willing to. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。随着社交媒体的发展，全球的年轻人能够接触到环境问题日益严重的惊人消息，并且能够成为保护环境的主力军。 1．A.inspiration B．information C．knowledge D．feeling 答案　B 解析　inspiration灵感；information信息；knowledge知识；feeling感觉。根据下文“Websites provide accessible information about”可知，在社交媒体上，年轻人们能够轻易获取一些信息。故选B。 2．A.failing B．continuing C．managing D．attempting 答案　A 解析　fail不合格；continue继续；manage完成；attempt尝试。根据下文“our oceans are 30 percent more acidic(酸性的) and one and a half acres of forest are cut down every second”可知，此处指我们目前并没有照顾好地球，保护好我们的环境。fail to do sth“未能做某事”。故选A。 3．A.financial B．political C．environmental D．technical 答案　C 解析　financial财务的；political政治的；environmental环境的；technical技术的。根据下文“our oceans are 30 percent more acidic(酸性的)and one and a half acres of forest are cut down every second”可知，网站提供的是一些关于环境问题的信息。故选C。 4．A.shared B．added C．included D．selected 答案　A 解析　share共享，分享；add添加；include包括；select选择。根据空前“that quickly have millions of views”可知，这些信息拥有大量的关注者，而这些链接也很容易被分享。故选A。 5．A.secret B．history C．source D．truth 答案　D 解析　secret秘密；history历史；source来源；truth真相。根据上文“young people around the globe have easy access to shocking about how we’re currently to look after the Earth”可知，环境问题日益严重，这并不是只在网上才被揭露的事实，也不是遥远的威胁。故选D。 6．A.Climate B．Population C．Economic D．Scientific 答案　A 解析　climate气候；population人口；economic经济的；scientific科学的。根据下文“our oceans are 30 percent more acidic(酸性的) and one and a half acres of forest are cut down every second”可知，气候的变化正在我们身边发生。故选A。 7．A.senior B．eager C．young D．local 答案　C 解析　senior高级的；eager急切的；young年轻的；local地方的。根据上文“young people around the globe have easy access to shocking ”可知，此处指年轻人已经获取了这些信息。故选C。 8．A.children B．adults C．scientists D．activists 答案　B 解析　根据下文“adults thought of younger activists as”可推知，此处表示成年人对年轻人的态度，虽然年轻人获取了这些信息，但是一些成年人并不愿意去倾听他们的想法。故选B。 9．A.eat away at B．let go of C．attach importance to D．think little of 答案　D 解析　eat away at(长期地)烦扰；let go of舍弃(感情、态度、控制权)；attach importance to重视；think little of不重视。根据下文“simply due to their age，and others still aren’t willing to see the environmental we face”可知，因为年轻人岁数小，有些成年人就不重视他们。故选D。 10．A.benefits B．protection C．challenges D．education 答案　C 解析　benefit好处；protection保护；challenge挑战；education教育。根据上文“our oceans are 30 percent more acidic(酸性的)and one and a half acres of forest are cut down every second”可知，我们现在正面临着一些环境上的挑战，而有些成年人不愿意去面对。故选C。 11．A.difference B．decision C．deal D．choice 答案　A 解析　根据表示转折的连词but可知，虽然一些成年人不重视年轻人的看法，但是这并不意味着他们不能产生影响。make a difference“起作用，产生影响”。故选A。 12．A.limits B．advantages C．keys D．purposes 答案　B 解析　limit限制；advantage优势；key关键；purpose目的。根据下文“Young activists not only aren’t...they often say what adults aren’t willing to.”可知，年轻的环保主义者也有他们自己的优势。故选B。 13．A.friendly B．reliable C．regular D．independent 答案　B 解析　friendly友好的；reliable可信赖的；regular规律的；independent独立的。根据空后“due to the lack of financial incentives(财务刺激)”可知，由于年轻人没有经济问题，他们更值得信赖。故选B。 14．A.supported B．treated C．paid D．influenced 答案　D 解析　support支持；treat处理；pay支付；influence影响。根据空后“by busy schedules being forced on them”可知，年轻人不用工作，所以不会被繁忙的工作日程所影响。故选D。 15．A.safe B．tired C．free D．absent 答案　C 解析　safe安全的；tired疲劳的；free自由的，不受……影响；absent缺席的。根据下文“they often say what adults aren’t willing to”可知，年轻人也不受政治的影响，所以他们经常说成年人不愿意说的话。故选C。 Ⅵ.语法填空 The Sahara Desert is the world’s 1. (large) hot desert，located in North Africa.2. (it) area is about 3.5 million square miles.This 3. (make) it almost as large 4. the United States of America. The Sahara Desert is famous for many large sand dunes(沙丘)，some of 5. can reach more than 600 feet high. The Sahara Desert has been largely dry and with little plant life more than 5,000 years.Before this time，it was far wetter.This allowed more plants 6. (live) across the desert.There is evidence that many types of river animals have lived in the Sahara Desert.These have been found 7. (main) in southeast Algeria. The climate of the Sahara Desert has changed over several thousands of years.The area is smaller than it was during the last ice age.It was the end of the last ice age that brought a high level of rainfall to the Sahara.This was between 8000 8. 6000 BCE.Since this time，the northern part of the Sahara has dried out.Though the southern Sahara still receives rain during rainy season，it is still 9. (little) than before. Modern times have seen a few 10. (development) for the Sahara.One of these is that mines have been built to get the most from the natural resources (资源) within the area. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了撒哈拉沙漠是位于北非的世界上最大的沙漠，并对相关情况进行了介绍。 1．答案　largest 解析　考查最高级。“the＋形容词最高级”表示最……的。故填largest。 2．答案　Its 解析　考查形容词性物主代词。空后为area，应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，指代撒哈拉沙漠。故填Its。 3．答案　makes 解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。This作主语，且文章时态为一般现在时，所以用第三人称单数。故填makes。 4．答案　as 解析　考查固定句型。固定句型as...as...“和……一样”。故填as。 5．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，该句是非限定性定语从句，先行词是large sand dunes，表物。some of which表“其中的一部分”。故填which。 6．答案　to live 解析　考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”。所以填to live。 7．答案　mainly 解析　考查词性转换。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词found。故填mainly。 8．答案　and 解析　考查连词。固定句型between...and...“在……到……之间”。故填and。 9．答案　less 解析　考查形容词的比较级。根据后文than可知，空处是进行比较，所以用比较级，little的比较级是less。故填less。 10．答案　developments 解析　考查名词复数。a few＋可数名词复数，意为“很多……”。development在此处指“发展势态，进展情况”，是可数名词，故填developments。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$