Unit 6 Period 4 Using language(1)：Grammar—Ellipsis （课件）-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

Period 4 Using language(1)：Grammar—Ellipsis Unit 6 Disaster and hope 语境感悟 语法精讲 达标检测 语境 感悟 3 阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分，并完成下面的练习 The magnitude 8.1 earthquake that hit Nepal on 25 April,2015，was one of the worst ①(earthquakes) in history.②When informed of the news，China was quick to start organizing emergency aid. International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country.Among all the international heavy rescue teams，the China International Search and Rescue Team(CISAR) was the first ③(international heavy rescue team) to arrive.Consisting of 62 people，it not only included rescuers and medical staff but ④(also) included earthquake experts. By early May， emergency aid worth 9.7 million US dollars had been donated by China，with a further round ⑤(of emergency aid) to follow.All these showed ⑥(that) China is a country with a high sense of responsibility. 以上句子中括号内的加颜色部分均为可 内容；英语中的省略是一种避免重复、保持句子简洁的语法现象，如上面语段中的 ；句②是英语中常见的 从句的省略；句⑥是 从句中连接词的省略；句 是固定结构not only...but (also)中的省略现象。 自主发现 返 回 省略 ①③⑤ 状语 宾语 ④ 语法 精讲 7 一、省略的定义 省略是一种避免重复、保持句子简洁的语法现象。 凡是缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成分，在一定的语境中能够独立存在，意义明确，并且能发挥实际功能的句子就是省略句。 二、省略的用法 一般来说，只要不破坏语法结构或者引起歧义，能省略的就应省略。省略不仅使句子显得紧凑，而且也是分句与分句之间的承接纽带。 1.并列句中的省略 在由and，but，or，therefore，so等词连接，或是没有连词而用分号的并列句中，后一分句中与上文相同的成分通常可以省略。 I picked up the book and (I) put it on the desk. 我把书捡起来，并把它放在书桌上。 Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been) doing her homework. 汤姆肯定一直在打篮球，玛丽肯定一直在写作业。 2.复合句中的省略 (1)状语从句的省略 在when，while，whenever，until，if，unless，though，although，as if/though 等引导的状语从句中，若从句的主语与主句的主语一致(或从句的主语为it)，且从句谓语动词含有be 动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。 When (the novel is) published，the novel will become one of the best-sellers of the year. 当出版的时候，那本小说将会成为年度畅销书之一。 If (it is) necessary，I will watch the weather forecast on TV. 如果有必要的话，我会从电视上看天气预报。 (2)定语从句的省略 ①在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的that，which，who或whom可以省略。 He’s the man (who/that/whom) you can safely rely on. 他是你能放心信赖的人。 ②先行词为the way，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句的关系词用that/in which或省略。 We don’t like the way (that/in which) he does the job. 我们不喜欢他做这项工作的方式。 (3)宾语从句的省略 ①在宾语从句中that可省略，但如果有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，除第一个that外，其他that都不能省略。 I think (that) it will clear up this afternoon and that they will come to say goodbye to us. 我认为今天下午天会放晴，他们会来向我们告别。 ②在用I think，I believe，I hope，I guess，I’m afraid等作答的句子中，后面跟so与not分别等于肯定或否定，宾语从句可省略。 —Do you think it will snow? ——你认为会下雪吗？ —I hope not.(＝I hope that it will not snow.) ——我希望不会。 3.虚拟语气的省略 (1)虚拟条件句中常省略if，而将were，had，should提前构成部分倒装。 Had you come yesterday，you could have met the captain. 如果你昨天来的话，你就能见到船长了。 (2)在一坚持(insist)、二命令(order，command)、三建议(suggest，propose，advise)、四要求(desire，demand，require，request)等后的宾语从句，及包含这些词的派生词的其他名词性从句中，常省略should。 I suggest (that) you (should) permit your son to go outing with his friends. 我建议你允许你的儿子和他的朋友们出去游玩。 4.动词不定式的省略 (1)某些使役动词，如：make，let，have等和感官动词，如：see，watch，notice，observe，hear等后面作宾补的不定式需省略to，但如果这些动词用于被动语态，则to不能省略。 We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom. →She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.(被动语态) 我们经常听见她在教室唱英文歌。 (2)当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，to后面的内容常可省略。常见的这类动词有agree，afford，expect，forget，hope，know，manage，pretend，remember，refuse，want，wish，would like等。 I will do it for you，but I don’t know how to (do it for you). 我将为你做这件事，但是我不知道怎么去做。 (3)介词but，except(除了)前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。 All he could do was nothing but wait and see. 他所能做的只有等着看。 (4)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系，则不能省略to。 He likes to swim more than (to) skate. 比起溜冰他更喜欢游泳。 He believes it important to study rather than to make friends.(比较) 他认为重要的是学习而不是交朋友。 (5)当不定式在be going to，be able to，have to，ought to，used to后作复合谓语时，to后面的内容可省略。 They didn’t visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents). 他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。 [名师点津]　①省略的不定式内容如果含有作助动词用的have或be的任何形式，to后要保留原形的have或be。 ②类似这样用法的还有短语be about to，be supposed to及形容词glad，happy，pleased，delighted等。 He didn’t come，but he ought to have. 他没来，但他应该来。 5.介词的省略。 (1)一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构有： ①have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth ②be busy (in) doing sth ③spend some time (in) doing sth ④stop/prevent sb (from) doing sth The heavy rain prevented him (from) arriving there on time. 大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。 (2)表示时间的介词at，on和in在next，last，this，these，yesterday，tomorrow，one，any，every，each，some等词之前时，一般可以省略。 We go to school (on) every day except Sundays. 除了星期天之外，我们每天都去上学。 返 回 达标检测 阅读并使用省略补全短文 After breakfast，Mom was doing housework in the kitchen.She talked to Tom 1. (洗碗时) and plates.She said，“Dear son,2. (过街时当心车辆).” Tom usually said to his mom，“3. (再见)，Mom.”However，this time，she heard nothing.Tom hurriedly left home 4. (好像很着急).She 5. (认为汤姆很无礼) this time，but she 6. (不知道为什么).She thought she would 7.___________ _______(让汤姆意识到) his wrong doings when he came back from school. 返 回 while washing bowls look out for cars when crossing the street See you as if very anxious considered Tom rude didn’t know why make Tom realize $$